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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table%20of%20mathematical%20symbols%20by%20introduction%20date
The following table lists many specialized symbols commonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title. See also History of mathematical notation History of the Hindu–Arabic numeral system Glossary of mathemat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noncommutative%20standard%20model
In theoretical particle physics, the non-commutative Standard Model (best known as Spectral Standard Model ), is a model based on noncommutative geometry that unifies a modified form of general relativity with the Standard Model (extended with right-handed neutrinos). The model postulates that space-time is the produ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish%20Statistical%20Institute
Turkish Statistical Institute (commonly known as TurkStat; or TÜİK) is the Turkish government agency commissioned with producing official statistics on Turkey, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture. It was founded in 1926 and headquartered in Ankara. Formerly named as the State Institute of Statisti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%27s%20arithmetic%20of%20ends
In mathematics, specifically in the area of hyperbolic geometry, Hilbert's arithmetic of ends is a method for endowing a geometric set, the set of ideal points or "ends" of a hyperbolic plane, with an algebraic structure as a field. It was introduced by German mathematician David Hilbert. Definitions Ends In a hyperb...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classification%20of%20Individual%20Consumption%20According%20to%20Purpose
Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) is a Reference Classification published by the United Nations Statistics Division that divides the purpose of individual consumption expenditures incurred by three institutional sectors, namely households, non-profit institutions serving households,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive%20step%20size
In mathematics and numerical analysis, an adaptive step size is used in some methods for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations (including the special case of numerical integration) in order to control the errors of the method and to ensure stability properties such as A-stability. Using an adaptiv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anand%20Kumar
Anand Kumar (born 1 January 1973) is an Indian Mathematics educator, best known for his Super 30 programme, which he started in Patna, Bihar in 2002, known for coaching underprivileged students for JEE- Main & JEE-Advanced, the entrance examination for the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs). Kumar was named in Tim...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias%20of%20an%20estimator
In statistics, the bias of an estimator (or bias function) is the difference between this estimator's expected value and the true value of the parameter being estimated. An estimator or decision rule with zero bias is called unbiased. In statistics, "bias" is an property of an estimator. Bias is a distinct concept fro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjorie%20Lee%20Browne
Marjorie Lee Browne (September 9, 1914 – October 19, 1979) was a mathematics educator. She was one of the first African-American women to receive a PhD in mathematics. Early life and education Marjorie Lee Browne was a prominent mathematician and educator who, in 1949, became only the third African-American woman to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20star%20polyhedron
In geometry, a uniform star polyhedron is a self-intersecting uniform polyhedron. They are also sometimes called nonconvex polyhedra to imply self-intersecting. Each polyhedron can contain either star polygon faces, star polygon vertex figures, or both. The complete set of 57 nonprismatic uniform star polyhedra includ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier%E2%80%93Mukai%20transform
In algebraic geometry, a Fourier–Mukai transform ΦK is a functor between derived categories of coherent sheaves D(X) → D(Y) for schemes X and Y, which is, in a sense, an integral transform along a kernel object K ∈ D(X×Y). Most natural functors, including basic ones like pushforwards and pullbacks, are of this type. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjit%20Narwekar
Sanjit Narwekar (born 8 May 1952) is an Indian documentary filmmaker scriptwriter and author. A 1967 alumni of Bombay Scottish High School, Mumbai, he completed his Bachelor's in Statistics (1974) and his Master's in Economics (1976) from the University of Mumbai. Early career He began writing in 1969 while he was sti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freudenthal%20Institute
The Freudenthal Institute (FI) is a research institute, part of the Faculty of Science of Utrecht University in the Netherlands. The FI aims to improve education in science and mathematics by means of education research and valorisation. The institute was founded in 1971 by the German/Dutch writer, pedagogue and mathe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20J.%20Moreno
Carlos Julio Moreno is a Colombian mathematician and faculty member at Baruch College and at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY). His B.A. and his Ph.D. in mathematics were earned at New York University. Moreno has over sixty publications, including two books, on topics dealing with algebra a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurgan%20Airport
Kurgan Airport () is an airport in Russia located 6 km northeast of Kurgan. It handles medium-sized airliners. Airlines and destinations Statistics External links Kurgan Airport Official Site Kurgan Airport flight schedule Kurgan Aviation Museum References Airports built in the Soviet Union Airports in Kurgan ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28417634%29%202006%20XG1
provisional designation , is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, that had a low but non-zero probability of impacting Earth on 31 October 2041. The asteroid was discovered on 20 September 2006, by astronomers of the Catalina Sky Survey, using...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disphenoid
In geometry, a disphenoid () is a tetrahedron whose four faces are congruent acute-angled triangles. It can also be described as a tetrahedron in which every two edges that are opposite each other have equal lengths. Other names for the same shape are isotetrahedron, sphenoid, bisphenoid, isosceles tetrahedron, equifac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersive%20partial%20differential%20equation
In mathematics, a dispersive partial differential equation or dispersive PDE is a partial differential equation that is dispersive. In this context, dispersion means that waves of different wavelength propagate at different phase velocities. Examples Linear equations Euler–Bernoulli beam equation with time-dependent...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersenne%20conjectures
In mathematics, the Mersenne conjectures concern the characterization of a kind of prime numbers called Mersenne primes, meaning prime numbers that are a power of two minus one. Original Mersenne conjecture The original, called Mersenne's conjecture, was a statement by Marin Mersenne in his Cogitata Physico-Mathematic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20W.%20Stroock
Daniel Wyler Stroock (born March 20, 1940) is an American mathematician, a probabilist. He is regarded and revered as one of the fundamental contributors to Malliavin calculus with Shigeo Kusuoka and the theory of diffusion processes with S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan with an orientation towards the refinement and further d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitely%20near%20point
In algebraic geometry, an infinitely near point of an algebraic surface S is a point on a surface obtained from S by repeatedly blowing up points. Infinitely near points of algebraic surfaces were introduced by . There are some other meanings of "infinitely near point". Infinitely near points can also be defined for h...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Morgan%20%28mathematician%29
John Willard Morgan (born March 21, 1946) is an American mathematician known for his contributions to topology and geometry. He is a Professor Emeritus at Columbia University and a member of the Simons Center for Geometry and Physics at Stony Brook University. Life Morgan received his B.A. in 1968 and Ph.D. in 1969, b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Kleiner
Bruce Alan Kleiner is an American mathematician, working in differential geometry and topology and geometric group theory. He received his Ph.D. in 1990 from the University of California, Berkeley. His advisor was Wu-Yi Hsiang. Kleiner is a professor of mathematics at New York University. Kleiner has written exposit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu%20Xiping
Zhu Xiping (born 1962 in Shixing, Guangdong) is a Chinese mathematician. He is a professor of Mathematics at Sun Yat-sen University, China. Poincaré conjecture In 2002 and 2003, Grigori Perelman posted three preprints to the arXiv claiming a resolution of the renowned Poincaré conjecture, along with the more general g...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huai-Dong%20Cao
Huai-Dong Cao (born 8 November 1959, in Jiangsu) is a Chinese–American mathematician. He is the A. Everett Pitcher Professor of Mathematics at Lehigh University. He is known for his research contributions to the Ricci flow, a topic in the field of geometric analysis. Academic history Cao received his B.A. from Tsinghu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Givental
Alexander Givental () is a Russian-American mathematician working in symplectic topology and singularity theory, as well as their relation to topological string theories. He graduated from Moscow Phys-Math school number 2 (later renamed into Lyceum ) and then the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, and he f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Quinn%20%28mathematician%29
Frank Stringfellow Quinn, III (born 1946) is an American mathematician and professor of mathematics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, specializing in geometric topology. Contributions He contributed to the mathematical field of 4-manifolds, including a proof of the 4-dimensional annulus theorem....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20J.%20Kohn
Joseph John Kohn (May 18, 1932 – September 13, 2023) was a Czechoslovakian-born American academic and mathematician. He was professor of mathematics at Princeton University, where he researched partial differential operators and complex analysis. Life and work Kohn's father was Czech-Jewish architect Otto Kohn. Afte...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Region%20connection%20calculus
The region connection calculus (RCC) is intended to serve for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning. RCC abstractly describes regions (in Euclidean space, or in a topological space) by their possible relations to each other. RCC8 consists of 8 basic relations that are possible between two regions: disconnec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkowski%27s%20bound
In algebraic number theory, Minkowski's bound gives an upper bound of the norm of ideals to be checked in order to determine the class number of a number field K. It is named for the mathematician Hermann Minkowski. Definition Let D be the discriminant of the field, n be the degree of K over , and be the number of co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%20output%20statistics
In weather forecasting, model output statistics (MOS) is a multiple linear regression technique in which predictands, often near-surface quantities (such as two-meter-above-ground-level air temperature, horizontal visibility, and wind direction, speed and gusts), are related statistically to one or more predictors. The...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk%20matrix
A risk matrix is a matrix that is used during risk assessment to define the level of risk by considering the category of probability or likelihood against the category of consequence severity. This is a simple mechanism to increase visibility of risks and assist management decision making. Definitions Risk is the lack...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Morgan%20algebra
In mathematics, a De Morgan algebra (named after Augustus De Morgan, a British mathematician and logician) is a structure A = (A, ∨, ∧, 0, 1, ¬) such that: (A, ∨, ∧, 0, 1) is a bounded distributive lattice, and ¬ is a De Morgan involution: ¬(x ∧ y) = ¬x ∨ ¬y and ¬¬x = x. (i.e. an involution that additionally sati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20probability
The probability of the outcome of an experiment is never negative, although a quasiprobability distribution allows a negative probability, or quasiprobability for some events. These distributions may apply to unobservable events or conditional probabilities. Physics and mathematics In 1942, Paul Dirac wrote a paper "T...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28144898%29%202004%20VD17
(144898) , provisional designation , is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group once thought to have a low probability of impacting Earth on 4 May 2102. It reached a Torino Scale rating of 2 and a Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale rating of -0.25. With an observation arc of 17 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odd%20greedy%20expansion
In number theory, the odd greedy expansion problem asks whether a greedy algorithm for finding Egyptian fractions with odd denominators always succeeds. , it remains unsolved. Description An Egyptian fraction represents a given rational number as a sum of distinct unit fractions. If a rational number is a sum of unit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STUDENT%20%28computer%20program%29
STUDENT is an early artificial intelligence program that solves algebra word problems. It is written in Lisp by Daniel G. Bobrow as his PhD thesis in 1964 (Bobrow 1964). It was designed to read and solve the kind of word problems found in high school algebra books. The program is often cited as an early accomplishment ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix-free%20methods
In computational mathematics, a matrix-free method is an algorithm for solving a linear system of equations or an eigenvalue problem that does not store the coefficient matrix explicitly, but accesses the matrix by evaluating matrix-vector products. Such methods can be preferable when the matrix is so big that storing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomplete%20LU%20factorization
In numerical linear algebra, an incomplete LU factorization (abbreviated as ILU) of a matrix is a sparse approximation of the LU factorization often used as a preconditioner. Introduction Consider a sparse linear system . These are often solved by computing the factorization , with L lower unitriangular and U upper t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric%20successive%20over-relaxation
In applied mathematics, symmetric successive over-relaxation (SSOR), is a preconditioner. If the original matrix can be split into diagonal, lower and upper triangular as then the SSOR preconditioner matrix is defined as It can also be parametrised by as follows. See also Successive over-relaxation References N...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardinho%20%28footballer%2C%20born%20June%201976%29
Ricardo Alexandre dos Santos (born June 24, 1976, in Passos), or simply Ricardinho, is a former Brazilian footballer who played as defensive midfielder. Club statistics National team statistics Honours Minas Gerais State League: 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998 Brazilian Cup: 1996, 2000 Libertadores Cup: 1997 Brazilian Cente...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest%20Semesters%20in%20Mathematics
The Budapest Semesters in Mathematics program is a study abroad opportunity for North American undergraduate students in Budapest, Hungary. The coursework is primarily mathematical and conducted in English by Hungarian professors whose primary positions are at Eötvös Loránd University or the Alfréd Rényi Institute of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Claxton%20Shield
Results and statistics for the 2006 Claxton Shield Results Round 1: Saturday, 21 January 2006 Round 2: Sunday, 22 January 2006 Round 3: Monday, 23 January 2006 Round 4: Tuesday, 24 January 2006 Round 5: Wednesday, 25 January 2006 Final standings Finals Semi-finals Grand final External links Information and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winifred%20Merrill
Winifred Merrill may refer to: Winifred Edgerton Merrill (1862–1951), mathematician and astronomer, the first American woman to receive a PhD in mathematics Winifred Merrill Warren (1898–1990), American violinist and music educator
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doob%27s%20martingale%20inequality
In mathematics, Doob's martingale inequality, also known as Kolmogorov’s submartingale inequality is a result in the study of stochastic processes. It gives a bound on the probability that a submartingale exceeds any given value over a given interval of time. As the name suggests, the result is usually given in the cas...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Claxton%20Shield
Results and Statistics of the 2005 Claxton Shield Results Round 1: Saturday, 22 January 2005 Round 2: Sunday, 23 January 2005 Round 3: Monday, 24 January 2005 Round 4: Tuesday, 25 January 2005 Round 5: Wednesday, 26 January 2005 Round 2 Make-up: Thursday, 27 January 2005 Games 1 and 2 on 23 January were rained o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentin%20Po%C3%A9naru
Valentin Alexandre Poénaru (born 1932 in Bucharest) is a Romanian–French mathematician. He was a Professor of Mathematics at University of Paris-Sud, specializing in low-dimensional topology. Life and career Born in Bucharest, Romania, he did his undergraduate studies at the University of Bucharest. In 1962, he was a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative%20distance
In algebraic geometry, is said to be a multiplicative distance function over a field if it satisfies AB is congruent to A'B' iff AB < A'B' iff See also Algebraic geometry Hyperbolic geometry Poincaré disc model Hilbert's arithmetic of ends References Algebraic geometry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%20system
In mathematical physics, Hilbert system is an infrequently used term for a physical system described by a C*-algebra. In logic, especially mathematical logic, a Hilbert system, sometimes called Hilbert calculus, Hilbert-style deductive system or Hilbert–Ackermann system, is a type of system of formal deduction attribu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20middle%20schools%20in%20Albuquerque%2C%20New%20Mexico
The following is a list of middle schools in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Albuquerque Academy Albuquerque Institute for Mathematics and Science Cleveland Middle School Cottonwood Classical Preparatory School Desert Ridge Middle School Eisenhower Middle School Ernie Pyle Middle School Garfield Middle School Grant ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Cassidy
Tom Cassidy (born March 15, 1952) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who briefly played in the National Hockey League for the Pittsburgh Penguins. Career statistics External links 1952 births Living people Baltimore Clippers players California Golden Seals draft picks Canadian ice hockey centres Ice...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favard%20constant
In mathematics, the Favard constant, also called the Akhiezer–Krein–Favard constant, of order r is defined as This constant is named after the French mathematician Jean Favard, and after the Soviet mathematicians Naum Akhiezer and Mark Krein. Particular values Uses This constant is used in solutions of several ex...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automath
Automath ("automating mathematics") is a formal language, devised by Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn starting in 1967, for expressing complete mathematical theories in such a way that an included automated proof checker can verify their correctness. Overview The Automath system included many novel notions that were later ad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mice%20problem
In mathematics, the mice problem is a continuous pursuit–evasion problem in which a number of mice (or insects, dogs, missiles, etc.) are considered to be placed at the corners of a regular polygon. In the classic setup, each then begins to move towards its immediate neighbour (clockwise or anticlockwise). The goal is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite%20field%20%28mathematics%29
A composite field or compositum of fields is an object of study in field theory. Let L be a field, and let F, K be subfields of L. Then the (internal) composite of F and K is defined to be the intersection of all subfields of L containing both F and K. The composite is commonly denoted FK. When F and K are not regar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisenstadt%20Prize
The André Aisenstadt Prize recognizes a young Canadian mathematician's outstanding achievement in pure or applied mathematics. It has been awarded annually since 1992 (except in 1994, when no prize was given) by the Centre de Recherches Mathématiques at the University of Montreal. The prize consists of a $3,000 award ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutching%20construction
In topology, a branch of mathematics, the clutching construction is a way of constructing fiber bundles, particularly vector bundles on spheres. Definition Consider the sphere as the union of the upper and lower hemispheres and along their intersection, the equator, an . Given trivialized fiber bundles with fiber ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20Poincar%C3%A9%20conjecture
In the mathematical area of topology, the generalized Poincaré conjecture is a statement that a manifold which is a homotopy sphere a sphere. More precisely, one fixes a category of manifolds: topological (Top), piecewise linear (PL), or differentiable (Diff). Then the statement is Every homotopy sphere (a closed n-m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelenbevi%20Ismail%20Efendi
Ismail (bin Mustafa bin Mahmûd) Gelenbevi (1730–1790 or 1791) was an Ottoman Turkish mathematician, Hanafi Maturidi theologian, logician, philosopher and Professor of Geometry at the Naval College in Istanbul, Turkey. His life and work are well documented in several scholarly works in English and Turkish such as the t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%20Shanlan
Li Shanlan (李善蘭, courtesy name: Renshu 壬叔, art name: Qiuren 秋紉) (1810 – 1882) was a Chinese mathematician of the Qing Dynasty. A native of Haining, Zhejiang, he was fascinated by mathematics since childhood, beginning with the Nine Chapters on Mathematical Art. He eked out a living by being a private tutor for some ye...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient%20of%20inbreeding
The coefficient of inbreeding of an individual is the probability that two alleles at any locus in an individual are identical by descent from the common ancestor(s) of the two parents. Calculation An individual is said to be inbred if there is a loop in its pedigree chart. A loop is defined as a path that runs from a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability%20of%20default
Probability of default (PD) is a financial term describing the likelihood of a default over a particular time horizon. It provides an estimate of the likelihood that a borrower will be unable to meet its debt obligations. PD is used in a variety of credit analyses and risk management frameworks. Under Basel II, it is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge%C3%ADlson
Geílson de Carvalho Soares (born April 10, 1984 in Cuiabá), sometimes referred to as simply Geílson, is a striker. Club statistics Honours Rio Grande do Sul State League: 2004 São Paulo State League: 2006 References External links furacao sambafoot CBF 1984 births Living people Footballers from Cuiabá Brazilia...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear%20functional%20analysis
Nonlinear functional analysis is a branch of mathematical analysis that deals with nonlinear mappings. Topics Its subject matter includes: generalizations of calculus to Banach spaces implicit function theorems fixed-point theorems (Brouwer fixed point theorem, Fixed point theorems in infinite-dimensional spaces, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unreasonable%20ineffectiveness%20of%20mathematics
The unreasonable ineffectiveness of mathematics is a phrase that alludes to the article by physicist Eugene Wigner, "The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences". This phrase is meant to suggest that mathematical analysis has not proved as valuable in other fields as it has in physics. Life s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golomb%20sequence
In mathematics, the Golomb sequence, named after Solomon W. Golomb (but also called Silverman's sequence), is a monotonically increasing integer sequence where an is the number of times that n occurs in the sequence, starting with a1 = 1, and with the property that for n > 1 each an is the smallest unique integer which...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathsci
Mathsci may refer to Mathematical sciences Mathematics and Science High School at Clover Hill MathSciNet, a database of the American Mathematical Society containing data for Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Council%20of%20Teachers
National Council of Teachers may refer to: National Council of Teachers of English, an education organization National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, the world's largest organization concerned with mathematics education
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraposition
In logic and mathematics, contraposition refers to the inference of going from a conditional statement into its logically equivalent contrapositive, and an associated proof method known as proof by contraposition. The contrapositive of a statement has its antecedent and consequent inverted and flipped. Conditional sta...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20fraction
In algebra, an algebraic fraction is a fraction whose numerator and denominator are algebraic expressions. Two examples of algebraic fractions are and . Algebraic fractions are subject to the same laws as arithmetic fractions. A rational fraction is an algebraic fraction whose numerator and denominator are both polyn...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry%20of%20interaction
The Geometry of Interaction (GoI) was introduced by Jean-Yves Girard shortly after his work on linear logic. In linear logic, proofs can be seen as various kinds of networks as opposed to the flat tree structures of sequent calculus. To distinguish the real proof nets from all the possible networks, Girard devised a cr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bai%20He
Bai He (, born 19 November 1983) is a former Chinese-born Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. Career statistics in Hong Kong As of 11 May 2013 International career He is selected by Hong Kong national football team for 2010 East Asian Football Championship semi-final while South Ch...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogdanov%E2%80%93Takens%20bifurcation
In bifurcation theory, a field within mathematics, a Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation is a well-studied example of a bifurcation with co-dimension two, meaning that two parameters must be varied for the bifurcation to occur. It is named after Rifkat Bogdanov and Floris Takens, who independently and simultaneously described ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Kolmogorov%20inequality
In mathematics, the Landau–Kolmogorov inequality, named after Edmund Landau and Andrey Kolmogorov, is the following family of interpolation inequalities between different derivatives of a function f defined on a subset T of the real numbers: On the real line For k = 1, n = 2 and T = [c,∞) or T = R, the inequality was...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Th%C3%BCring
Bruno Jakob Thüring (7 September 1905, in Warmensteinach – 6 May 1989, in Karlsruhe) was a German physicist and astronomer. Thüring studied mathematics, physics, and astronomy at the University of Munich and received his doctorate in 1928, under Alexander Wilkens and Arnold Sommerfeld. Wilkens was a professor of astro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%20Burmeister
Friedrich Burmeister (1890–1969) was a German geophysicist. He was director of the Munich University’s Geomagnetic Observatory. Burmeister studied mathematics and physics at the University of Munich under Hugo von Seeliger and Arnold Sommerfeld, and he received his doctorate in 1919. Upon graduation, he became Directo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiram%20Perkins
Hiram Mills Perkins (1833-1924) was Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy at Ohio Wesleyan University and benefactor of the Perkins Telescope in the Perkins Observatory. He helped build to observatory buildings and also left an endowment for the school, and also his house was later used as a dormitory before it was so...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishnat%20ha-Middot
The Mishnat ha-Middot (, 'Treatise of Measures') is the earliest known Hebrew treatise on geometry, composed of 49 mishnayot in six chapters. Scholars have dated the work to either the Mishnaic period or the early Islamic era. History Date of composition Moritz Steinschneider dated the Mishnat ha-Middot to between 8...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20polytope
In geometry, a complex polytope is a generalization of a polytope in real space to an analogous structure in a complex Hilbert space, where each real dimension is accompanied by an imaginary one. A complex polytope may be understood as a collection of complex points, lines, planes, and so on, where every point is the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arens%E2%80%93Fort%20space
In mathematics, the Arens–Fort space is a special example in the theory of topological spaces, named for Richard Friederich Arens and M. K. Fort, Jr. Definition The Arens–Fort space is the topological space where is the set of ordered pairs of non-negative integers A subset is open, that is, belongs to if and on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMTI
AMTI or Amti may refer to one of the following Association of Mathematics Teachers of India Airborne moving target indication Apostolic Missionary Training Institute Amti a village in Boliney, Abra, the Philippines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20Pareto%20distribution
In statistics, the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is a family of continuous probability distributions. It is often used to model the tails of another distribution. It is specified by three parameters: location , scale , and shape . Sometimes it is specified by only scale and shape and sometimes only by its shape...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20grand%20stellated%20120-cell
In geometry, the great grand stellated 120-cell or great grand stellated polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5/2,3,3}, one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess 4-polytopes. It is unique among the 10 for having 600 vertices, and has the same vertex arrangement as the regular convex 120-cell. It i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20600-cell
In geometry, the grand 600-cell or grand polytetrahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {3, 3, 5/2}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. It is the only one with 600 cells. It is one of four regular star 4-polytopes discovered by Ludwig Schläfli. It was named by John Horton Conway, exten...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20stellated%20120-cell
In geometry, the small stellated 120-cell or stellated polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5/2,5,3}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. Related polytopes It has the same edge arrangement as the great grand 120-cell, and also shares its 120 vertices with the 600-cell and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icosahedral%20120-cell
In geometry, the icosahedral 120-cell, polyicosahedron, faceted 600-cell or icosaplex is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {3,5,5/2}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. It is constructed by 5 icosahedra around each edge in a pentagrammic figure. The vertex figure is a great dodecahedron. Re...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20120-cell
In geometry, the grand 120-cell or grand polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5,3,5/2}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. It is one of four regular star 4-polytopes discovered by Ludwig Schläfli. It is named by John Horton Conway, extending the naming system by Arthur Cayl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20stellated%20120-cell
In geometry, the great stellated 120-cell or great stellated polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5/2,3,5}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. It is one of four regular star 4-polytopes discovered by Ludwig Schläfli. It is named by John Horton Conway, extending the naming ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20grand%20120-cell
In geometry, the great grand 120-cell or great grand polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5,5/2,3}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. Related polytopes It has the same edge arrangement as the small stellated 120-cell. See also List of regular polytopes Convex regular...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20icosahedral%20120-cell
In geometry, the great icosahedral 120-cell, great polyicosahedron or great faceted 600-cell is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {3,5/2,5}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. Related polytopes It has the same edge arrangement as the great stellated 120-cell, and grand stellated 120-cell, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20120-cell
In geometry, the great 120-cell or great polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5,5/2,5}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. It is one of the two such polytopes that is self-dual. Related polytopes It has the same edge arrangement as the 600-cell, icosahedral 120-cell as we...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20stellated%20120-cell
In geometry, the grand stellated 120-cell or grand stellated polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5/2,5,5/2}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes. It is also one of two such polytopes that is self-dual. Related polytopes It has the same edge arrangement as the grand 600-ce...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20polyhedron%20compound
In geometry, a uniform polyhedron compound is a polyhedral compound whose constituents are identical (although possibly enantiomorphous) uniform polyhedra, in an arrangement that is also uniform, i.e. the symmetry group of the compound acts transitively on the compound's vertices. The uniform polyhedron compounds were...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Frattini
Giovanni Frattini (8 January 1852 – 21 July 1925) was an Italian mathematician, noted for his contributions to group theory. Biography Frattini entered the University of Rome in 1869, where he studied mathematics with Giuseppe Battaglini, Eugenio Beltrami, and Luigi Cremona, obtaining his Laurea in 1875. In 1885 he p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Philippine%20provinces%20by%20population
This is a list of the Philippines' provinces sorted by population, based on the population census of August 1, 2015 conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority. Population of provinces in this list includes population of highly urbanized cities, which are administratively independent of the province. Population ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Mathematics%20of%20the%20Romanian%20Academy
The "Simion Stoilow" Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy is a research institute in Bucharest, Romania. It is affiliated with the Romanian Academy, and it is named after Simion Stoilow, one of its founders. History On December 29, 1945, a group of twenty Romanian mathematicians from various institution...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte%20Scott
Charlotte Angas Scott (8 June 1858 – 10 November 1931) was a British mathematician who made her career in the United States and was influential in the development of American mathematics, including the mathematical education of women. Scott played an important role in Cambridge changing the rules for its famous Mathem...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative%20interior
In mathematics, the relative interior of a set is a refinement of the concept of the interior, which is often more useful when dealing with low-dimensional sets placed in higher-dimensional spaces. Formally, the relative interior of a set (denoted ) is defined as its interior within the affine hull of In other words...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faceting
Stella octangula as a faceting of the cube In geometry, faceting (also spelled facetting) is the process of removing parts of a polygon, polyhedron or polytope, without creating any new vertices. New edges of a faceted polyhedron may be created along face diagonals or internal space diagonals. A faceted polyhedron w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy%27s%20safety-first%20criterion
Roy's safety-first criterion is a risk management technique, devised by A. D. Roy, that allows an investor to select one portfolio rather than another based on the criterion that the probability of the portfolio's return falling below a minimum desired threshold is minimized. For example, suppose there are two availab...