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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotations%20and%20reflections%20in%20two%20dimensions | In Euclidean geometry, two-dimensional rotations and reflections are two kinds of Euclidean plane isometries which are related to one another.
Process
A rotation in the plane can be formed by composing a pair of reflections. First reflect a point to its image on the other side of line . Then reflect to its image ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class%20number%20problem | In mathematics, the Gauss class number problem (for imaginary quadratic fields), as usually understood, is to provide for each n ≥ 1 a complete list of imaginary quadratic fields (for negative integers d) having class number n. It is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss. It can also be stated in terms of discriminants. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartley%20transform | In mathematics, the Hartley transform (HT) is an integral transform closely related to the Fourier transform (FT), but which transforms real-valued functions to real-valued functions. It was proposed as an alternative to the Fourier transform by Ralph V. L. Hartley in 1942, and is one of many known Fourier-related tran... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relatively%20compact%20subspace | In mathematics, a relatively compact subspace (or relatively compact subset, or precompact subset) of a topological space is a subset whose closure is compact.
Properties
Every subset of a compact topological space is relatively compact (since a closed subset of a compact space is compact). And in an arbitrary topol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sato%E2%80%93Tate%20conjecture | In mathematics, the Sato–Tate conjecture is a statistical statement about the family of elliptic curves Ep obtained from an elliptic curve E over the rational numbers by reduction modulo almost all prime numbers p. Mikio Sato and John Tate independently posed the conjecture around 1960.
If Np denotes the number of poi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinomial%20theorem | In mathematics, the multinomial theorem describes how to expand a power of a sum in terms of powers of the terms in that sum. It is the generalization of the binomial theorem from binomials to multinomials.
Theorem
For any positive integer and any non-negative integer , the multinomial formula describes how a sum wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20K-theory | Algebraic K-theory is a subject area in mathematics with connections to geometry, topology, ring theory, and number theory. Geometric, algebraic, and arithmetic objects are assigned objects called K-groups. These are groups in the sense of abstract algebra. They contain detailed information about the original object... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling%20%28disambiguation%29 | Stirling is a city and former ancient burgh in Scotland.
Stirling may also refer to:
Mathematics
Stirling's approximation, a formula to approximate large factorials
Stirling number
Stirling permutation
Physics and Engineering
Stirling cycle, a thermodynamic cycle for Stirling devices.
Stirling engine, a type o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informant%20%28statistics%29 | In statistics, the informant (or score) is the gradient of the log-likelihood function with respect to the parameter vector. Evaluated at a particular point of the parameter vector, the score indicates the steepness of the log-likelihood function and thereby the sensitivity to infinitesimal changes to the parameter val... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher%20information | In mathematical statistics, the Fisher information (sometimes simply called information) is a way of measuring the amount of information that an observable random variable X carries about an unknown parameter θ of a distribution that models X. Formally, it is the variance of the score, or the expected value of the obse... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill%E2%80%93Noether%20theory | In algebraic geometry, Brill–Noether theory, introduced by , is the study of special divisors, certain divisors on a curve that determine more compatible functions than would be predicted. In classical language, special divisors move on the curve in a "larger than expected" linear system of divisors.
Throughout, we c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%20lemma | In mathematics, the Poincaré lemma gives a sufficient condition for a closed differential form to be exact (while an exact form is necessarily closed). Precisely, it states that every closed p-form on an open ball in Rn is exact for p with . The lemma was introduced by Henri Poincaré in 1886.
Especially in calculus, t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Somerville | Mary Somerville (; , formerly Greig; 26 December 1780 – 29 November 1872) was a Scottish scientist, writer, and polymath. She studied mathematics and astronomy, and in 1835 she and Caroline Herschel were elected as the first female Honorary Members of the Royal Astronomical Society.
When John Stuart Mill organized a m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient%20conjecture | In mathematics, the gradient conjecture, due to René Thom (1989), was proved in 2000 by three Polish mathematicians, Krzysztof Kurdyka (University of Savoie, France), Tadeusz Mostowski (Warsaw University, Poland) and Adam Parusiński (University of Angers, France).
The conjecture states that given a real-valued analyti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football%20records%20and%20statistics%20in%20England | This article concerns football records in England. Unless otherwise stated, records are taken from the Football League or Premier League. Where a different record exists for the top flight (Football League First Division 1888–1992, and Premier League 1992–present), this is also given. This article includes clubs based ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial | Radial is a geometric term of location which may refer to:
Mathematics and Direction
Vector (geometric), a line
Radius, adjective form of
Radial distance (geometry), a directional coordinate in a polar coordinate system
Radial set
A bearing from a waypoint, such as a VHF omnidirectional range
Biology
Radial a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-space | In mathematics, an H-space is a homotopy-theoretic version of a generalization of the notion of topological group, in which the axioms on associativity and inverses are removed.
Definition
An H-space consists of a topological space , together with an element of and a continuous map , such that and the maps and ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkowski%E2%80%93Bouligand%20dimension | In fractal geometry, the Minkowski–Bouligand dimension, also known as Minkowski dimension or box-counting dimension, is a way of determining the fractal dimension of a set in a Euclidean space , or more generally in a metric space . It is named after the Polish mathematician Hermann Minkowski and the French mathematic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedoe%27s%20inequality | In geometry, Pedoe's inequality (also Neuberg–Pedoe inequality), named after Daniel Pedoe (1910–1998) and Joseph Jean Baptiste Neuberg (1840–1926), states that if a, b, and c are the lengths of the sides of a triangle with area ƒ, and A, B, and C are the lengths of the sides of a triangle with area F, then
with equal... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20inequalities | This article lists Wikipedia articles about named mathematical inequalities.
Inequalities in pure mathematics
Analysis
Agmon's inequality
Askey–Gasper inequality
Babenko–Beckner inequality
Bernoulli's inequality
Bernstein's inequality (mathematical analysis)
Bessel's inequality
Bihari–LaSalle inequality
Bohne... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20statistics%20for%20Israeli%20settlements%20in%20the%20Gaza%20Strip | Population statistics for former Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip, which were evacuated in 2005 as part of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan.
Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip
Footnotes
Population Statistic Sources
* Source: List of Localities: Their Population and Codes, 31.12.1999. Jerusalem: Central... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20statistics%20for%20Israeli%20settlements%20in%20the%20West%20Bank | The population statistics for Israeli settlements in the West Bank are collected by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. As such, the data contains only population of settlements recognized by the Israeli authorities. Israeli outposts, which are illegal by Israeli law, are not tracked, and their population is hard ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frobenius%20theorem%20%28differential%20topology%29 | In mathematics, Frobenius' theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for finding a maximal set of independent solutions of an overdetermined system of first-order homogeneous linear partial differential equations. In modern geometric terms, given a family of vector fields, the theorem gives necessary and suffi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sober%20space | In mathematics, a sober space is a topological space X such that every (nonempty) irreducible closed subset of X is the closure of exactly one point of X: that is, every irreducible closed subset has a unique generic point.
Definitions
Sober spaces have a variety of cryptomorphic definitions, which are documented in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent%20sheaf | In mathematics, especially in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, coherent sheaves are a class of sheaves closely linked to the geometric properties of the underlying space. The definition of coherent sheaves is made with reference to a sheaf of rings that codifies this geometric information.
Coher... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper%20morphism | In algebraic geometry, a proper morphism between schemes is an analog of a proper map between complex analytic spaces.
Some authors call a proper variety over a field k a complete variety. For example, every projective variety over a field k is proper over k. A scheme X of finite type over the complex numbers (for exa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4hler%20differential | In mathematics, Kähler differentials provide an adaptation of differential forms to arbitrary commutative rings or schemes. The notion was introduced by Erich Kähler in the 1930s. It was adopted as standard in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry somewhat later, once the need was felt to adapt methods from calcul... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schinzel%27s%20hypothesis%20H | In mathematics, Schinzel's hypothesis H is one of the most famous open problems in the topic of number theory. It is a very broad generalization of widely open conjectures such as the twin prime conjecture. The hypothesis is named after Andrzej Schinzel.
Statement
The hypothesis claims that for every finite collection... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone%27s%20representation%20theorem%20for%20Boolean%20algebras | In mathematics, Stone's representation theorem for Boolean algebras states that every Boolean algebra is isomorphic to a certain field of sets. The theorem is fundamental to the deeper understanding of Boolean algebra that emerged in the first half of the 20th century. The theorem was first proved by Marshall H. Stone.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-index%20notation | Multi-index notation is a mathematical notation that simplifies formulas used in multivariable calculus, partial differential equations and the theory of distributions, by generalising the concept of an integer index to an ordered tuple of indices.
Definition and basic properties
An n-dimensional multi-index is an -t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AM-GM%20Inequality | In mathematics, the inequality of arithmetic and geometric means, or more briefly the AM–GM inequality, states that the arithmetic mean of a list of non-negative real numbers is greater than or equal to the geometric mean of the same list; and further, that the two means are equal if and only if every number in the lis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Ehresmann | Charles Ehresmann (19 April 1905 – 22 September 1979) was a German-born French mathematician who worked in differential topology and category theory.
He was an early member of the Bourbaki group, and is known for his work on the differential geometry of smooth fiber bundles, notably the introduction of the concepts of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo%20Emilio%20Bonferroni | Carlo Emilio Bonferroni (28 January 1892 – 18 August 1960) was an Italian mathematician who worked on probability theory.
Biography
Bonferroni studied piano and conducting in Turin Conservatory and at University of Turin under Giuseppe Peano and Corrado Segre, where he obtained his laurea. During this time he also stu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Brauer | Richard Dagobert Brauer (February 10, 1901 – April 17, 1977) was a leading German and American mathematician. He worked mainly in abstract algebra, but made important contributions to number theory. He was the founder of modular representation theory.
Education and career
Alfred Brauer was Richard's brother and seven ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernesto%20Ces%C3%A0ro | Ernesto Cesàro (12 March 1859 – 12 September 1906) was an Italian mathematician who worked in the field of differential geometry. He wrote a book, Lezioni di geometria intrinseca (Naples, 1890), on this topic, in which he also describes fractal, space-filling curves, partly covered by the larger class of de Rham curves... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elwin%20Bruno%20Christoffel | Elwin Bruno Christoffel (; 10 November 1829 – 15 March 1900) was a German mathematician and physicist. He introduced fundamental concepts of differential geometry, opening the way for the development of tensor calculus, which would later provide the mathematical basis for general relativity.
Life
Christoffel was born... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census%20geographic%20units%20of%20Canada | The census geographic units of Canada are the census subdivisions defined and used by Canada's federal government statistics bureau Statistics Canada to conduct the country's quinquennial census. These areas exist solely for the purposes of statistical analysis and presentation; they have no government of their own. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronecker%27s%20theorem | In mathematics, Kronecker's theorem is a theorem about diophantine approximation, introduced by .
Kronecker's approximation theorem had been firstly proved by L. Kronecker in the end of the 19th century. It has been now revealed to relate to the idea of n-torus and Mahler measure since the later half of the 20th cent... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dienes | Dienes may refer to:
Dienes (surname), including a list of people with the name
the plural of diene, a class of organic chemical compound
Base ten blocks used in mathematics education, also known as Dienes blocks or simply dienes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lathe%20%28graphics%29 | In 3D computer graphics, a lathed object is a 3D model whose vertex geometry is produced by rotating the points of a spline or other point set around a fixed axis. The lathing may be partial; the amount of rotation is not necessarily a full 360 degrees. The point set providing the initial source data can be thought of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tits%20group | In group theory,
the Tits group 2F4(2)′, named for Jacques Tits (), is a finite simple group of order
211 · 33 · 52 · 13 = 17,971,200.
This is the only simple group that is a derivative of a group of Lie type that is not strictly a group of Lie type in any series due to exceptional isomorphism. It is sometimes co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Statistical%20Office%20%28Thailand%29 | The National Statistical Office of Thailand (NSO) (; ) is the government of Thailand's official statistics surveyor. It is an agency of the Ministry of Digital Economy and Society (MDES). One of its tasks is a nationwide census conducted every 10 years, the latest in 2010.
Organization
TNSO has two main administrative... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%27s%20program | In mathematics, Hilbert's program, formulated by German mathematician David Hilbert in the early 1920s, was a proposed solution to the foundational crisis of mathematics, when early attempts to clarify the foundations of mathematics were found to suffer from paradoxes and inconsistencies. As a solution, Hilbert propose... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombic%20dodecahedron | In geometry, the rhombic dodecahedron is a convex polyhedron with 12 congruent rhombic faces. It has 24 edges, and 14 vertices of 2 types. It is a Catalan solid, and the dual polyhedron of the cuboctahedron.
Properties
The rhombic dodecahedron is a zonohedron. Its polyhedral dual is the cuboctahedron. The long face-di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20connection | In differential geometry, an affine connection is a geometric object on a smooth manifold which connects nearby tangent spaces, so it permits tangent vector fields to be differentiated as if they were functions on the manifold with values in a fixed vector space. Connections are among the simplest methods of defining d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel%20translation | Parallel translation may refer to:
parallel transport, in mathematics
parallel text, in translation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban%20areas%20of%20New%20Zealand | Statistics New Zealand defines urban areas of New Zealand for statistical purposes (they have no administrative or legal basis). The urban areas comprise cities, towns and other conurbations (an aggregation of urban settlements) of a thousand people or more. In combination, the urban areas of the country constitute New... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise%20problem | The sunrise problem can be expressed as follows: "What is the probability that the sun will rise tomorrow?" The sunrise problem illustrates the difficulty of using probability theory when evaluating the plausibility of statements or beliefs.
According to the Bayesian interpretation of probability, probability theory c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapponia%20%28book%29 | Lapponia is a book written by Johannes Schefferus (1621 - 1679) in Latin covering a very comprehensive history of Northern Scandinavia topology, environment and Sami living condition, dwelling-places, clothing, gender roles, hunting, child raising, shamanism and pagan religion. It was published in late 1673 and closely... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, an expression or mathematical expression is a finite combination of symbols that is well-formed according to rules that depend on the context. Mathematical symbols can designate numbers (constants), variables, operations, functions, brackets, punctuation, and grouping to help determine order of operati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studentized%20residual | In statistics, a studentized residual is the quotient resulting from the division of a residual by an estimate of its standard deviation. It is a form of a Student's t-statistic, with the estimate of error varying between points.
This is an important technique in the detection of outliers. It is among several named in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelfond%E2%80%93Schneider%20theorem | In mathematics, the Gelfond–Schneider theorem establishes the transcendence of a large class of numbers.
History
It was originally proved independently in 1934 by Aleksandr Gelfond and Theodor Schneider.
Statement
If a and b are complex algebraic numbers with a ≠ 0, 1, and b not rational, then any value of ab is a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duality%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a duality translates concepts, theorems or mathematical structures into other concepts, theorems or structures, in a one-to-one fashion, often (but not always) by means of an involution operation: if the dual of is , then the dual of is . Such involutions sometimes have fixed points, so that the dual ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistency%20%28statistics%29 | In statistics, consistency of procedures, such as computing confidence intervals or conducting hypothesis tests, is a desired property of their behaviour as the number of items in the data set to which they are applied increases indefinitely. In particular, consistency requires that the outcome of the procedure with un... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusp%20form | In number theory, a branch of mathematics, a cusp form is a particular kind of modular form with a zero constant coefficient in the Fourier series expansion.
Introduction
A cusp form is distinguished in the case of modular forms for the modular group by the vanishing of the constant coefficient a0 in the Fourier serie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norbert%20Wiener%20Prize%20in%20Applied%20Mathematics | The Norbert Wiener Prize in Applied Mathematics is a $5000 prize awarded, every three years, for an outstanding contribution to "applied mathematics in the highest and broadest sense." It was endowed in 1967 in honor of Norbert Wiener by MIT's mathematics department and is provided jointly by the American Mathematical ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinc%20function | In mathematics, physics and engineering, the sinc function, denoted by , has two forms, normalized and unnormalized.
In mathematics, the historical unnormalized sinc function is defined for by
Alternatively, the unnormalized sinc function is often called the sampling function, indicated as Sa(x).
In digital signal ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localization%20of%20a%20category | In mathematics, localization of a category consists of adding to a category inverse morphisms for some collection of morphisms, constraining them to become isomorphisms. This is formally similar to the process of localization of a ring; it in general makes objects isomorphic that were not so before. In homotopy theory,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobolev%20space | In mathematics, a Sobolev space is a vector space of functions equipped with a norm that is a combination of Lp-norms of the function together with its derivatives up to a given order. The derivatives are understood in a suitable weak sense to make the space complete, i.e. a Banach space. Intuitively, a Sobolev space i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard%27s%20inequality | In mathematics, Hadamard's inequality (also known as Hadamard's theorem on determinants) is a result first published by Jacques Hadamard in 1893. It is a bound on the determinant of a matrix whose entries are complex numbers in terms of the lengths of its column vectors. In geometrical terms, when restricted to real nu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conchoid | Conchoid can refer to:
Conchoid (mathematics), an equation of a curve discovered by the mathematician Nicomedes
Conchoidal fracture, a breakage pattern characteristic to certain glasses and crystals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thompson%20groups | In mathematics, the Thompson groups (also called Thompson's groups, vagabond groups or chameleon groups) are three groups, commonly denoted , that were introduced by Richard Thompson in some unpublished handwritten notes in 1965 as a possible counterexample to the von Neumann conjecture. Of the three, F is the most wid... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thompson%20group | In mathematics, the term Thompson group or Thompson's group can refer to either
The finite Thompson sporadic group Th studied by John G. Thompson
The finite Thompson subgroup of a p-group, the subgroup generated by the abelian subgroups of maximal order.
"Thompson subgroup" can also mean an analogue of the Weyl gro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Freudenthal | Hans Freudenthal (17 September 1905 – 13 October 1990) was a Jewish German-born Dutch mathematician. He made substantial contributions to algebraic topology and also took an interest in literature, philosophy, history and mathematics education.
Biography
Freudenthal was born in Luckenwalde, Brandenburg, on 17 Septemb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus%20of%20constructions | In mathematical logic and computer science, the calculus of constructions (CoC) is a type theory created by Thierry Coquand. It can serve as both a typed programming language and as constructive foundation for mathematics. For this second reason, the CoC and its variants have been the basis for Coq and other proof assi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intransitivity | In mathematics, intransitivity (sometimes called nontransitivity) is a property of binary relations that are not transitive relations. This may include any relation that is not transitive, or the stronger property of antitransitivity, which describes a relation that is never transitive.
Intransitivity
A relation is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thompson%20sporadic%20group | In the area of modern algebra known as group theory, the Thompson group Th is a sporadic simple group of order
2153105372131931
= 90745943887872000
≈ 9.
History
Th is one of the 26 sporadic groups and was found by and constructed by . They constructed it as the automorphism group of a certain lattice in the 248... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandahar%2C%20Saskatchewan | Kandahar is a hamlet in Rural Municipality of Big Quill No. 308, Saskatchewan, Canada. Listed as a designated place by Statistics Canada, the hamlet had a population of 20 in the Canada 2016 Census. Located on Highway 16 near Wynyard, Saskatchewan, the community was named by Canadian Pacific Railway executives in the l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendecagon | In geometry, a hendecagon (also undecagon or endecagon) or 11-gon is an eleven-sided polygon. (The name hendecagon, from Greek hendeka "eleven" and –gon "corner", is often preferred to the hybrid undecagon, whose first part is formed from Latin undecim "eleven".)
Regular hendecagon
A regular hendecagon is represented... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9la%20Bollob%C3%A1s | Béla Bollobás FRS (born 3 August 1943) is a Hungarian-born British mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics, including functional analysis, combinatorics, graph theory, and percolation. He was strongly influenced by Paul Erdős since the age of 14.
Early life and education
As a student, he took part... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph%20Faudree | Ralph Jasper Faudree (August 23, 1939 – January 13, 2015) was a mathematician, a professor of mathematics and the former provost of the University of Memphis.
Faudree was born in Durant, Oklahoma. He did his undergraduate studies at Oklahoma Baptist University, graduating in 1961, and received his Ph.D. in 1964 from P... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfr%C3%A9d%20R%C3%A9nyi | Alfréd Rényi (20 March 1921 – 1 February 1970) was a Hungarian mathematician known for his work in probability theory, though he also made contributions in combinatorics, graph theory, and number theory.
Life
Rényi was born in Budapest to Artúr Rényi and Borbála Alexander; his father was a mechanical engineer, while h... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariable%20calculus | Multivariable calculus (also known as multivariate calculus) is the extension of calculus in one variable to calculus with functions of several variables: the differentiation and integration of functions involving multiple variables (multivariate), rather than just one.
Multivariable calculus may be thought of as an ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seriation | Seriation is a way of situating an object within a series. It may refer to:
Seriation (archaeology)
Seriation (semiotics)
Seriation (statistics) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual%20value | Residual value is one of the constituents of a leasing calculus or operation. It describes the future value of a good in terms of absolute value in monetary terms, and it is sometimes abbreviated into a percentage of the initial price when the item was new.
Example: A car is sold at a list price of $20,000 today. Afte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrey%20Tikhonov%20%28mathematician%29 | Andrey Nikolayevich Tikhonov (; 17 October 1906 – 7 October 1993) was a leading Soviet Russian mathematician and geophysicist known for important contributions to topology, functional analysis, mathematical physics, and ill-posed problems. He was also one of the inventors of the magnetotellurics method in geophysics. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus%20Tideman | Thorwald Nicolaus Tideman (, not ; born August 11, 1943, in Chicago, Illinois) is a Georgist economist and professor at Virginia Tech. He received his Bachelor of Arts in economics and mathematics from Reed College in 1965 and his PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1969. Tideman was an Assistant Profess... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPM | IPM may refer to:
Organizations
Independence Party of Minnesota, a political party in Minnesota, United States
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, a research institute in Tehran, Iran
Institute of Personnel Management, now the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development
International... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicircle | In mathematics (and more specifically geometry), a semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. It is a circular arc that measures 180° (equivalently, radians, or a half-turn). It has only one line of symmetry (reflection symmetry).
In non-technical usage, the term "semicircle" is som... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coset%20enumeration | In mathematics, coset enumeration is the problem of counting the cosets of a subgroup H of a group G given in terms of a presentation. As a by-product, one obtains a permutation representation for G on the cosets of H. If H has a known finite order, coset enumeration gives the order of G as well.
For small groups it i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20group%20theory | In mathematics, computational group theory is the study of
groups by means of computers. It is concerned
with designing and analysing algorithms and
data structures to compute information about groups. The subject
has attracted interest because for many interesting groups
(including most of the sporadic groups) it is i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLT | FLT may refer to:
Mathematics
Fermat's Last Theorem, in number theory
Fermat's little theorem, using modular arithmetic
Finite Legendre transform, in algebra
Medicine
Alovudine (fluorothymidine), a pharmaceutical drug
Fluorothymidine F-18, a radiolabeled pharmaceutical drug
Places
Finger Lakes Trail, New York,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid | Deltoid (delta-shaped) can refer to:
The deltoid muscle, a muscle in the shoulder
Kite (geometry), also known as a deltoid, a type of quadrilateral
A deltoid curve, a three-cusped hypocycloid
A leaf shape
The deltoid tuberosity, a part of the humerus
The deltoid ligament, a ligament in the ankle
See also
Delta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-measurable%20set | In mathematics, a non-measurable set is a set which cannot be assigned a meaningful "volume". The mathematical existence of such sets is construed to provide information about the notions of length, area and volume in formal set theory. In Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, the axiom of choice entails that non-measurable su... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth | Twelfth can mean:
The Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Twelfth, a Protestant celebration originating in Ireland
In mathematics:
12th, an ordinal number; as in the item in an order twelve places from the beginning, following the eleventh and preceding the thirteenth
1/12, a vulgar fraction, one... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Ramanujan%20constant | In mathematics and the field of number theory, the Landau–Ramanujan constant is the positive real number b that occurs in a theorem proved by Edmund Landau in 1908, stating that for large , the number of positive integers below that are the sum of two square numbers behaves asymptotically as
This constant b was redis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio%20Calabi | Eugenio Calabi (May 11, 1923 – September 25, 2023) was an Italian-born American mathematician and the Thomas A. Scott Professor of Mathematics at the University of Pennsylvania, specializing in differential geometry, partial differential equations and their applications.
Early life and education
Calabi was born in Mil... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20computer%20graphics%20and%20descriptive%20geometry%20topics | This is a list of computer graphics and descriptive geometry topics, by article name.
2D computer graphics
2D geometric model
3D computer graphics
3D projection
Alpha compositing
Anisotropic filtering
Anti-aliasing
Axis-aligned bounding box
Axonometric projection
Bézier curve
Bézier surface
Bicubic interpol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartan%27s%20theorems%20A%20and%20B | In mathematics, Cartan's theorems A and B are two results proved by Henri Cartan around 1951, concerning a coherent sheaf on a Stein manifold . They are significant both as applied to several complex variables, and in the general development of sheaf cohomology.
Theorem B is stated in cohomological terms (a formulat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric%20topology | In mathematics, geometric topology is the study of manifolds and maps between them, particularly embeddings of one manifold into another.
History
Geometric topology as an area distinct from algebraic topology may be said to have originated in the 1935 classification of lens spaces by Reidemeister torsion, which requi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjorie%20Rice | Marjorie Ruth Rice (née Jeuck; 1923–2017) was an American amateur mathematician most famous for her discoveries of pentagonal tilings in geometry.
Background
Rice was born February 16, 1923, in St. Petersburg, Florida.
Marjorie Rice was a San Diego mother of five, who had become an ardent follower of Martin Gardner's... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20amateur%20mathematicians | This is a list of amateur mathematicians—people whose primary vocation did not involve mathematics (or any similar discipline) yet made notable, and sometimes important, contributions to the field of mathematics.
Ahmes (scribe)
Ashutosh Mukherjee (lawyer)
Robert Ammann (programmer and postal worker)
John Arbuthnot (su... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-dimensional%20topology | In mathematics, low-dimensional topology is the branch of topology that studies manifolds, or more generally topological spaces, of four or fewer dimensions. Representative topics are the structure theory of 3-manifolds and 4-manifolds, knot theory, and braid groups. This can be regarded as a part of geometric topology... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt%20Heegner | Kurt Heegner (; 16 December 1893 – 2 February 1965) was a German private scholar from Berlin, who specialized in
radio engineering and mathematics. He is famous for his mathematical discoveries in number theory and, in particular, the Stark–Heegner theorem.
Life and career
Heegner was born and died in Berlin. In 195... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous%20function | In mathematics, a homogeneous function is a function of several variables such that, if all its arguments are multiplied by a scalar, then its value is multiplied by some power of this scalar, called the degree of homogeneity, or simply the degree; that is, if is an integer, a function of variables is homogeneous of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cousin%20problems | In mathematics, the Cousin problems are two questions in several complex variables, concerning the existence of meromorphic functions that are specified in terms of local data. They were introduced in special cases by Pierre Cousin in 1895. They are now posed, and solved, for any complex manifold M, in terms of conditi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20William%20Watson | Rev. Henry William Watson FRS (25 February 1827, Marylebone, London11 January 1903, Berkswell near Coventry) was a mathematician and author of a number of mathematics books. He was an ordained priest and Cambridge Apostle.
Life
He was born at Marylebone on 25 Feb. 1827.
He was the son of Thomas Watson, R.N., and Elean... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QN | QN or qn may refer to:
Qn, one of several robust measures of scale in statistics
ATCvet code QN Nervous system, a section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System for veterinary medicinal products
QN connector, a type of coaxial RF connector
Queen's Nurse (QN), an honorary title awarded by the Q... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadatoshi%20Akiba | is a Japanese mathematician and politician and served as the mayor of the city of Hiroshima, Japan from 1999 to 2011.
Early life
He studied mathematics at the University of Tokyo, receiving a B.S. in 1966 and an M.S. in 1968. He continued his studies under John Milnor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ear... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand%20paradox%20%28probability%29 | The Bertrand paradox is a problem within the classical interpretation of probability theory. Joseph Bertrand introduced it in his work Calcul des probabilités (1889), as an example to show that the principle of indifference may not produce definite, well-defined results for probabilities if it is applied uncritically w... |
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