text stringlengths 0 4.03k |
|---|
There was also praise for what Stern characterized as "Walker's only completed skyscraper".[202] Ada Louise Huxtable of The New York Times wrote in 1975 that 1 Wall Street was "an Art Deco masterpiece".[203] The Times said in 2001 that a "triumvirate of great Art Deco contemporaries" in New York City would include the ... |
Landmark designation |
In 2001, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) designated the original portion of 1 Wall Street as an official city landmark. The designation only included the exterior of the original building and did not extend to the southern annex.[43][67] The Red Room's interior was not given a separate interio... |
As a result of the exterior landmark designation's limited scope, most of the improvements made in the 2010s condominium conversion, such as the glass retail addition, were made to the annex. Changes to designated landmarks required the commission's approval, but the annex was out of the commission's scope.[43][45] Add... |
See also |
References |
Notes |
Citations |
Sources |
External links |
20 East End Avenue |
20 East End Avenue is a residential condominium apartment building located in the neighborhood of Yorkville on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was designed in a New Classical style by Robert A.M. Stern Architects. The building consists of 43 apartments, including two duplex townhomes, one maisonet... |
History |
20 East End Avenue was developed by Edward Baquero of Corigin Real Estate Group. An entry-level, two-bedroom apartment was initially priced at approximately $4.5 million and one of the two penthouses at $39 million.[2][3] Renderings for the building were released in late 2014.[4] Construction began in early 2015,[5] an... |
Location |
The building is located on the corner of 80th Street, near Carl Schurz Park, on East End Avenue in Yorkville, Manhattan, a neighborhood in the Upper East Side. East End Avenue, on the eastern edge of the Upper East Side, has long been home to some of the city's richest residents including Vincent Astor and Gloria Vand... |
Architecture |
The building is similar to several others designed by Robert A. M. Stern. It was inspired by buildings constructed in the 1920s and 1930s and other pre-war buildings, particularly those designed by J.E.R. Carpenter and Rosario Candela.[11] The building includes features often found in pre-war buildings, such as a porte... |
Amenities |
The building is the last in New York City to incorporate wood-burning fireplaces after New York City banned new ones in 2014.[12][13] Other amenities include a gym, library, billiards room, poker room, 9,000 bottle wine cellar, private dining room, spa, kid's playroom, and storage facilities.[13] |
See also |
References |
20 Exchange Place |
20 Exchange Place, formerly the City Bank–Farmers Trust Building, is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Completed in 1931, it was designed by Cross & Cross in the Art Deco style as the headquarters of the City Bank–Farmers Trust Company, predecessor of Citigroup. The building, s... |
The building has a granite and limestone facade, while its internal superstructure is made of steel. The lower section of the facade fills an entire irregular city block, and contains giant piers supporting standalone figures depicting the "giants of finance", as well as decorations designed by David Evans. The main en... |
The City Bank–Farmers Trust Building was built between 1930 and 1931, for the newly merged National City Bank of New York and the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company. It remained the company's headquarters until 1956 and was ultimately sold in 1979. The 16th through 57th floors of the building were converted from commercia... |
Site |
20 Exchange Place occupies a full block along Exchange Place to the north, Hanover Street to the east, Beaver Street to the south, and William Street to the west.[5][6][7] The surrounding street grid, built as part of the colony of New Amsterdam, remains mostly as documented in the 17th-century Castello Plan. As such, ... |
The first recorded structure on the site was the house of Dutch ship's carpenter Tymen Jansen, built in the 17th century.[8][9] By the 1890s, the block was occupied by larger buildings.[6] Just prior to 20 Exchange Place's construction, the block contained four structures: two 10-story buildings on William Street, one ... |
Architecture |
The City Bank–Farmers Trust Building was designed by Cross & Cross[11][12][13] and constructed by the George A. Fuller Company.[11][12][14] George Maguolo was the chief designer of the building,[13] while Moran & Proctor as the engineers for the foundation and tower.[11][12] Cross & Cross described the building as hav... |
The precise height of 20 Exchange Place is disputed. The author Daniel M. Abramson gives the largest figure for the building's height, citing 20 Exchange Place as being 760 feet (230 m) tall with 54 stories.[13] According to Emporis, SkyscraperPage, and author Dirk Stichweh, the building is 741 feet (226 m) tall with 5... |
The base of the building fills the entire block and is shaped as a keystone.[24] There are three setbacks between the base and tower portions of 20 Exchange Place,[25] including at the 19th and 21st floors.[26] The tower portion, rising above the 21st floor, is octagonal in plan, with four chamfered corners between fou... |
Facade |
The facade was made almost entirely of white Rockwood stone, except the first floor, which is clad with Mohegan granite.[11][22][26][29] Some 180,000 cubic feet (5,100 m3) of gray- and blue-tinted stone was quarried from Alabama and brought to New York in pieces weighing up to 49,500 pounds (22,500 kg).[10][30] The sto... |
Entrances |
The entrances are designed with nickel-silver doors rather than bronze doors;[12][27] one source attributed this to the architects' desire to avoid using "colored metal".[12][15] The main entrance, on the Exchange Place elevation, has a round arch surrounded by eleven granite medallions, representing the countries wher... |
Another entrance faces the corner of Exchange Place and William Street. It has four doors made of silver and an alloy of bronze, zinc, and copper, and are trimmed with bronze. The doors each contain three panels showing different modes of transportation.[27][33] Above the outer doors are nickel silver panels with alleg... |
A third entrance, at Beaver and William Streets, is similar to the Exchange Place and William Street entrance, except that it only has two paneled doors. The doors and the panels above the doors are surrounded by a granite frame. The glass panes above the granite frame do not have ornamented mullions.[33] |
A fourth entrance faces Beaver Street and consists of three round arches with carved surroundings. The center arch is a service entrance and has another carved surround with a small pediment above the door, consisting of snakes flanking a bison head above the door. The side arches each have four nickel-silver doors und... |
A fifth entrance is centered on the Hanover Street elevation, and is an arched opening with a carved surround. Similar to the entrance at Exchange Place and William Street, there are four paneled doors, as well as nickel silver panels above the doors, and a set of glass panes above the doors and panels separated by orn... |
Other base elements |
On the William Street, Beaver Street, and Exchange Place elevations, the lowest two stories of the base have several double-height window openings, all of which contain a silver grille at the bottom and keystones above the top center. There are smaller square-headed windows at the extreme ends of all of the building's ... |
The rest of the base contains relatively little decoration, with sash windows on each floor. The 4th floor contains small rectangular openings, and the 5th floor contains single windows or pairs of windows separated by geometric panels, and topped by a boxy cornice with geometric shapes.[37] Between the 6th and 17th st... |
Tower elements |
There are fourteen figures at the 19th floor, corresponding to the piers directly in front of the tower.[37][39] The figures, designed by David Evans, contain representations of "giants of finance"; half are depicted with scowls, while the other half have smiles.[21][27][37] These faces allude to a prophecy made by bib... |
The upper floors contain sparse decoration as well.[35][37] Between the sash windows on each floor are aluminum spandrels, many of which also contain medallions.[33] These windows are grouped into three pairs per side.[37] They are separated by projecting piers, which rise to the top of the tower.[29] The corners of th... |
Features |
The underlying ground contained quicksand and water, as well as foundations from the previous buildings on the site, and the entire city block was irregularly shaped. As a result, the building used cross-lot bracing as well as a heavy steel frame.[12][44] The building's foundation descends 65 feet (20 m) below the curb... |
The superstructure uses 20,200 short tons (18,000 long tons; 18,300 t) of steel[10] as well as 300,000 square feet (28,000 m2).[32] The building was constructed with four elevator banks, containing a total of 31 elevators;[48][a] these are placed in the core of the building, allowing them to rise to the upper stories w... |
The building was intended to accommodate 5,000 bank employees as well as 2,000 other office employees.[24] As with other early-20th-century skyscrapers in the Financial District, the lower stories had large floor areas for the building's primary tenant, Irving Trust, while the upper stories were smaller and were rented... |
Lower stories |
David Evans designed many of the lobby's decorations, including doors and grilles containing representations of navigation, engineering, mechanics, and architecture.[24][27][55] The entrance from Exchange Place and William Street leads to a rotunda[21][24] that measures 30 feet (9.1 m) high by 36 feet (11 m) across.[35... |
A half-flight of stairs leads upward from the rotunda to a space that formerly served as the senior officers' room.[35][38][57] The space measures 48 by 85 feet (15 by 26 m), with large pillars and English oak paneling,[35][38] and contained officers' desks on either side of a central hall.[59] The senior officers' roo... |
Another half-flight of curved marble stairs, leading down from the rotunda, connected to the branch banking rooms, whose main entrance was at William and Beaver Streets.[38][56][57] The lobby from the center of Exchange Place leads to separate elevator banks for the lowest 14 stories, the upper office stories, and the ... |
The lower stories housed the Canadian Bank of Commerce and the City Bank Farmers Trust Company, which required separate entrances and rooms.[49][66] There were five banking rooms used by the City Bank Farmers Trust Company.[38][67] As of 2016[update], there was a Works Progress Administration mural behind one of the ba... |
Upper stories |
The 15th floor was occupied by a telephone exchange,[38][64] which supposedly could handle over 100,000 calls per day.[71] Telephone engineers considered the exchange to be the world's largest,[67] with 37 switchboard operators connecting with 600 trunk lines and 3,600 extensions.[38] The rest of the building was simil... |
The upper floors were decorated with 15 types of wood.[48][38] A copper and nickel alloy was used for other ornamental features; the baseboards used stainless steel; and the handrails and toilets were plated with chromium.[15][48] The floors in the 27 upper stories average 5,000 square feet (460 m2).[50] The top floors... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.