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Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Departmental functions Counter-Terrorism The Commonwealth Counter-Terrorism Coordinator and the Centre for Counter-Terrorism Coordination within the Department of Home Affairs (formerly within the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet) provides strategic advice and support to the Minister for Home Affairs and th...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Cyber Security The inaugural National Cyber Security Coordinator was Air Marshal Darren Goldie from 3 July 2023 to 14 November 2023, Hamish Hansford (Deputy Secretary of Cyber and Infrastructure Security) acted in the position after Goldie was recalled to Defence. Lieutenant General Michelle McGuinness was appointed to...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Aviation and Maritime Security The Aviation and Maritime Security Division (formerly the Office of Transport Security within the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development) is led by the Executive Director of Transport Security and is responsible for aviation security, air cargo security, maritime security, ...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Transnational Serious and Organised Crime The Commonwealth Transnational Serious and Organised Crime Coordinator is responsible for policy development and strategic coordination of the disruption of transnational serious organised crime across the Australian Government including the Australian Federal Police, Australia...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Counter Child Exploitation The Australian Centre to Counter Child Exploitation is a whole-of-government initiative within the Australian Federal Police responsible to the Commonwealth Transnational Serious and Organised Crime Coordinator to investigate, disrupt and prosecute child exploitation and online child abuse cr...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Counter Foreign Interference The National Counter Foreign Interference Coordinator is responsible for policy development and strategic coordination of countering foreign interference and counter-espionage to protect the integrity of Australian national security and interests. The Coordinator is responsible for interage...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Critical Infrastructure The Australian Government Critical Infrastructure Centre (CIC) is responsible for whole-of-government coordination of critical infrastructure protection and national security risk assessments and advice. It was established on 23 January 2017 originally within the Attorney-General's Department an...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Crisis Coordination The Australian Government Crisis Coordination Centre (CCC) is an all-hazards coordination facility, which operates on a 24/7 basis, and supports the Australian Government Crisis Committee (AGCC) and the National Crisis Committee (NCC). The CCC provides whole-of-government all-hazards monitoring and ...
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
See also
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
Department of Home Affairs (1901–16) Department of Home and Territories (1916–1928) Department of Home Affairs (1928–32) Department of the Interior (1932–39) Department of the Interior (1939–72) Department of Home Affairs (1977–80) Department of Home Affairs and Environment (1980–84)
Department of Home Affairs (Australia)
== References ==
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
The Australian contribution to the war in Afghanistan has been known as Operation Slipper (2001–2014) and Operation Highroad (2015–2021). Australian Defence Force (ADF) operations and the size of the forces deployed have varied and ADF involvement has included two major areas of activity: Afghanistan and the Persian Gu...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Operation Slipper Operation Slipper began in late 2001 and ended on 31 December 2014.
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
First phase During the first phase of Operation Slipper, the Australian Defence Force (ADF) commitment to Afghanistan consisted of a Special Forces Task Group and two Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Boeing 707 air-to-air refuelling aircraft from No. 33 Squadron. These aircraft and associated support personnel operat...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
1 Squadron Group, SASR: (October 2001 – April 2002) 3 Squadron Group, SASR: (April 2002 – August 2002) 2 Squadron Group, SASR: (August 2002 – November 2002)
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Second phase An Australian Special Forces Task Group was re-deployed to Afghanistan in August or September 2005. This Task Group consisted of elements from the SASR, 4th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (Commando), the Incident Response Regiment and logistic support personnel. As well as heavily modified Land Rover...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Third phase A Reconstruction Taskforce-based around the 1st Combat Engineer Regiment with protective elements from the 5th/7th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment and 2nd Cavalry Regiment began arriving in Uruzgan Province in southern Afghanistan in early September 2006. The A...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Order of battle Over the course of the operation, as the size of Australia's contribution has fluctuated and the scope of operations undertaken has evolved, the number and type of units deployed has also changed. A snapshot of the order of battle from March 2011, when approximately 1,550 Australians were deployed to Af...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
National Command Element Mentoring Task Force 2 (MTF-2) Headquarters, 5th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (5 RAR) 4 x Combat Teams including infantry, cavalry, engineers and offensive support 5 x Operational Mentoring and Liaison Teams Force Communications Unit IV (1st Combat Signal Regiment) Logistics and support...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Departure of Australian combat forces At the end of October 2013, Prime Minister Tony Abbott traveled to Afghanistan with Opposition Leader Bill Shorten for a special ceremony at the Australian base in Tarin Kowt in Uruzgan. He told a gathering of troops and Afghan leaders that "Australia's longest war is ending. Not w...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
War crimes inquiry In May 2016 the Inspector-General of the Australian Defence Force, Major General Paul Brereton, launched an inquiry into allegations that some Australian special forces personnel committed war crimes in Afghanistan between 2005 and 2016. In February 2020 it was announced that 55 incidents were being ...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Final withdrawal A contingent of around 80 ADF personnel remained in Afghanistan as late as 2021 to train and advise Afghan forces. The Australian embassy in Kabul was closed on 28 May that year. The last ADF personnel and diplomats in Afghanistan departed on 18 June 2021. This formed part of the withdrawal of internat...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Persian Gulf Since October 2001 the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) has maintained a continuous presence in and around Iraqi territorial waters as part of Operation Slipper and subsequent operations. There were four major rotations of RAN ships to this area of operations between December 2001 and March 2003. The primary ...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Diego Garcia A detachment of four Australian F/A-18 Hornet fighter aircraft provided air defence for the US military base on the island of Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory during the campaign against the Taliban. The initial detachment was provided by No. 77 Squadron RAAF between December 2001 and 10 Februa...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Casualties Operation Slipper is notable for the first Australian combat deaths since the Vietnam War, and to date all casualties have occurred during operations in Afghanistan. 41 Australian soldiers have been killed and 261 wounded, the majority since October 2007. Another Australian was killed while serving with the ...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Timeline Cost The cost of operations in Afghanistan has represented the largest operational expenditure by the ADF in most financial years since 2001/02. The yearly expenditure on Afghanistan by the ADF includes the figures below.
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
^1 While Operation Slipper ceased on 31 December 2014, funds have been allocated to repair equipment returned to Australia and to contribute to the sustainment of the Afghan National Security Forces.
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
See also Australian Army Civilian casualties of the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan Coalition casualties in Afghanistan International public opinion on the war in Afghanistan Taliban insurgency Afghan Files (Australia) Defence Honours and Awards scandal
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Notes References Australian Department of Defence Operation Slipper Callinan, Rory (6 June 2005). "In the Valley of Death". Time. Archived from the original on 26 October 2007. Retrieved 21 September 2008. Connery, David; Cran, David; Evered, David (2012). Conducting Counterinsurgency – Reconstruction Task Force 4 in A...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
Further reading Australian Army (2012). War in the Valleys - 7th Battalion Battle Group (MRTF-1) Afghanistan October 2008 to June 2009. Wilsonton: Mesh Publishing. ISBN 9780646564111. Archived from the original on 8 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015. Australian Defence Force (2008). Rebuilding Afghanistan - The ...
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
External links
Military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan
"Australian Government Fact Sheets on Afghanistan". Australia's military involvement in Afghanistan since 2001: a chronology – Australian Parliamentary Library Australian War Memorial: Afghanistan, 2001–present
Taxation in Australia
Income taxes are the most significant form of taxation in Australia, and collected by the federal government through the Australian Taxation Office. Australian GST revenue is collected by the Federal government, and then paid to the states under a distribution formula determined by the Commonwealth Grants Commission. A...
Taxation in Australia
Definition The "classic definition" of a tax used by the High Court derived from Matthews v Chicory Marketing Board (Vic) (1938), where Chief Justice John Latham stated that a tax was "a compulsory exaction of money by a public authority for public purposes, enforceable by law, and is not a payment for services rendere...
Taxation in Australia
History When the first Governor, Governor Phillip, arrived in New South Wales in 1788, he had a Royal Instruction that gave him power to impose taxation if the colony needed it. The first taxes in Australia were raised to help pay for the completion of Sydney's first jail and provide for the orphans of the colony. Impo...
Taxation in Australia
Forms of taxes and excises, both Federal and State Personal income taxes Income taxes on individuals are imposed at the federal level. This is the most significant source of revenue in Australia. State governments have not imposed income taxes since World War II. Personal income taxes in Australia are imposed on the p...
Taxation in Australia
Capital gains tax Capital Gains Tax (CGT) in the context of the Australian taxation system applies to the capital gain made on disposal of any asset, except for specific exemptions. The most significant exemption is the family home. Rollover provisions apply to some disposals, one of the most significant is transfers t...
Taxation in Australia
Corporate taxes A company tax is paid by companies and corporations on its net profit, but the company’s loss is carried forward to the next financial year. Unlike personal income taxes which use a progressive scale, company tax is calculated at a flat rate of 30% (25% for small businesses, which are defined below). Co...
Taxation in Australia
Trustee liability taxes Where all or part of the net trust income is distributed to either non-residents or minors, the trustee of that trust is assessed on that share on behalf of the beneficiary. In this case, the beneficiaries must declare that share of net trust income on their individual income tax returns, and al...
Taxation in Australia
Goods and Services taxes A goods and services tax (GST) is a value added tax levied by the federal government at 10% on the supply of most goods and services by entities registered for the tax. The GST was introduced in Australia on 1 July 2000 by the then Howard Liberal government. A number of supplies are GST-free (e...
Taxation in Australia
Suppliers of GST-free goods and services will not have to pay GST when they make a sale but they will be entitled to GST credits. Suppliers of input taxed goods and services do not have to charge GST on sales but they will not be entitled to claim GST credits from their purchases of inputs.
Taxation in Australia
Property taxes Local governments are typically funded largely by taxes on land value (council rates) on residential, industrial and commercial properties. In addition, some State governments levy tax on land values for investors and primary residences of high value. The State governments also levy stamp duties on trans...
Taxation in Australia
Departure tax The Passenger Movement Charge (PMC) is a fee levied by the Australian government on all passengers departing on international flights or maritime transport. The PMC replaced the departure tax in 1995 and was initially described as a charge to partially offset the cost to government of the provision of pas...
Taxation in Australia
Excise taxes The Federal Government imposes excise taxes on goods such as cigarettes, petrol, and alcohol. The rates imposed may change in February and August each year in response to changes in the consumer price index. Australians pay some of the highest tobacco taxes in the world. National tobacco-specific taxes a...
Taxation in Australia
Fuel taxes in Australia The excise tax on commonly used fuels in Australia from 5 February 2024 are as follows:
Taxation in Australia
A$0.496 per litre on Unleaded Petrol fuel (Petrol used in aviation is excised at a different rate) A$0.496 per litre on Diesel fuel A$0.162 per litre on Liquified petroleum gas used as fuel (Autogas or LPG as it is commonly known in Australia) A$0.163 per litre on Ethanol fuel (not including blended fuels) A$0.132 per ...
Taxation in Australia
Petrol when used for aviation is excised at $0.03556 per litre. Diesel/Gasoline when blended with ethanol and/or biodiesel are excised at a rate calculated based on the excise of the constituent components.
Taxation in Australia
Luxury Car Tax Luxury Car Tax is payable by businesses which sell or import luxury cars, where the value of the car is above $80,567 or $91,387 for fuel-efficient cars (defined as a car with a fuel consumption of less than 7L per 100km)
Taxation in Australia
Customs duties Customs duties are imposed on many imported goods, such as alcohol, tobacco products, perfume, and other items. Some of these goods can be purchased duty-free at duty-free shops.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes Payroll taxes in Australia are levied by state governments on employers based on wages paid by them. Payroll tax rates vary between states. Typically, payroll tax applies to wages above the threshold, which also varies. Groups of companies may be taxed as a single entity where their operations are signifi...
Taxation in Australia
Queensland and the Northern Territory payroll tax rates are effective rates on payrolls above $5.5 million and $5.75 million respectively. All other jurisdictions levy marginal rates. Some companies may be eligible for deductions, concessions and exemptions.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in Australian Capital Territory From 1 July 2014:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 6.85%. The annual threshold is $1,850,000. The monthly threshold is $154,166.66.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in New South Wales From 1 July 2013:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 5.45%. Medicare payments are up to 12% Pension Fund contribution is 9.5% The annual threshold is $750,000. The monthly threshold is: 28 days = $57,534 30 days = $61,644 31 days = $63,699 Employers, or a group of related businesses, whose total Australian wages exceed the current NSW monthly t...
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in Northern Territory From 1 July 2012:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 5.50%. The annual threshold is $1,500,000. The monthly threshold is $125,000.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in Queensland Companies or groups of companies that pay $1,100,000 or more a year in Australian wages must pay payroll tax. There are deductions, concessions and exemptions available to those that are eligible. From 1 July 2012:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 4.75%. The annual threshold is $1,100,000. The monthly threshold is $91,666.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in South Australia A Payroll Tax liability arises in South Australia when an employer (or a Group of employers) has a wages bill in excess of $600,000 for services rendered by employees anywhere in Australia if any of those services are rendered or performed in South Australia. From 1 July 2012:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 4.95%. The annual threshold is $600,000. The monthly threshold is $50,000.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in Tasmania From 1 July 2013:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 6.1%. The annual threshold is $1,250,000. The monthly threshold is: 28 days = $95,890 30 days = $102,740 31 days = $106,164
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in Victoria From 1 July 2021:
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 4.85% (1.2125% for regional employers) The annual threshold is $700,000. The monthly threshold is $58,333.
Taxation in Australia
Payroll taxes in Western Australia Payroll tax is a general purpose tax assessed on the wages paid by an employer in Western Australia. The tax is self-assessed in that the employer calculates the liability and then pays the appropriate amount to the Office of State Revenue, by way of a monthly, quarterly or annual ret...
Taxation in Australia
The rate of payroll tax is 5.5%. The annual threshold is $800,000. The monthly threshold is $66,667. On 8 December 2004 new legislation was passed making it mandatory for an employer that has, or is a member of a group that has, an expected payroll tax liability equal to or greater than $100,000 per annum, to lodge and...
Taxation in Australia
Fringe Benefits Tax Fringe Benefits Tax is the tax applied by the Australian Taxation Office to most, although not all, fringe benefits, which are generally non-cash benefits. Most fringe benefits are also reported on employee payment summaries for inclusion on personal income tax returns that must be lodged annually.
Taxation in Australia
Inheritance tax There is no inheritance tax in Australia, with all states in Australia abolishing what was known as death duties in 1979 following the lead of the Queensland Government led by Joh Bjelke-Petersen. Private pensions (known as superannuation in Australia) may be taxed at up to three points, depending on th...
Taxation in Australia
See also
Taxation in Australia
Australia Tax Negative gearing in Australia Office of State Revenue (New South Wales) Salary packaging Tax Institute (Australia) History:
Taxation in Australia
Bottom of the harbour tax avoidance Cherry-picking tax avoidance Darwin Rebellion Tax law:
Taxation in Australia
Constitutional basis of taxation in Australia Bank Notes Tax Act 1910 Related:
Taxation in Australia
Australian federal budget List of countries by tax rates
Taxation in Australia
== References ==
Assisted dying in Australia
Laws regarding euthanasia or assisted suicide in Australia are matters for state and territory governments. As of June 2024 all states and the Australian Capital Territory have passed legislation creating an assisted suicide and euthanasia scheme for eligible individuals. These laws typically refer to the practices as ...
Assisted dying in Australia
History Although historically it was usually a crime to assist in euthanasia and suicide, prosecutions were rare. In 2010, the New South Wales Court of Criminal Appeal quashed a manslaughter conviction of a Sydney woman who had previously been found guilty of killing her partner of 18 years with a euthanasia drug. In 2...
Assisted dying in Australia
Federal law As euthanasia is not a legislative power granted to the Federal Parliament under Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia, federal law cannot explicitly legalise or criminalise the practice. The subject is a matter for state parliaments.
Assisted dying in Australia
Euthanasia Laws Act 1997 Despite the power to legislate for euthanasia being held by the states, under Section 122 of the Constitution of Australia the Federal Parliament has the power to override any law passed by a territory parliament. This occurred in 1997, when the Federal Parliament passed the Euthanasia Laws Act...
Assisted dying in Australia
Restoring Territory Rights (Assisted Suicide Legislation) Bill 2015 Over the following 20 years there were nine bills introduced to the parliament to repeal Andrews' legislation, though at no point did any repeal legislation come to a vote on the floor of either chamber of parliament. In 2018 the then Liberal Democrati...
Assisted dying in Australia
Restoring Territory Rights Act 2022 The Euthanasia Laws Act remained in effect, even as all six state parliaments passed their own versions of assisted dying legislation between 2017 and 2022. The former Morrison government rejected requests by the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Northern Territory governments t...
Assisted dying in Australia
Carriage services The Howard government oversaw the passage of the Criminal Code Amendment (Suicide Related Material Offences) Act 2005, which passed the Federal Parliament in June 2005, and made it a crime to use a telephone, fax, email or internet carriage service to discuss the practicalities of suicide-related mate...
Assisted dying in Australia
State and territory laws Summary of current laws Past laws Australian Capital Territory Australian Capital Territory (ACT) governments had regularly advocated for the right to legalise euthanasia-related schemes between 1997 and 2022, when the federal ban was in practice. Shortly after the federal ban was repealed, the...
Assisted dying in Australia
New South Wales On 21 September 2017 National Party MLC Trevor Khan introduced the Voluntary Assisted Dying Bill 2017 into the New South Wales Parliament. The Bill was modelled on the Oregon Death With Dignity Act, and was developed by a cross party working group that considered 72 "substantial" submissions. The Bill c...
Assisted dying in Australia
Northern Territory Euthanasia was legalised in Australia's Northern Territory, by the Rights of the Terminally Ill Act 1995. It passed the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly by a vote of 15 to 10. In August 1996 a repeal bill was brought before the Parliament but was defeated by 14 votes to 11. The law was later v...
Assisted dying in Australia
Following the repeal of the federal ban on territory-based euthanasia legislation, the Northern Territory government announced the formation of a community consulation process "for developing a framework for voluntary assisted dying", submissions for which closed in February 2024. The process culminated in the release ...
Assisted dying in Australia
Queensland In November 2018, the Premier of Queensland, Annastacia Palaszczuk, launched an inquiry considering the possible legalisation of voluntary assisted dying in the state. The inquiry also took into account care of the aged, end of life, and palliative care. In May 2021, Palaszczuk announced that voluntary assis...
Assisted dying in Australia
Has an eligible condition that is advanced and progressive, with the potential for death within the subsequent 12 months; Is capable of making a decision with sound mind; Is acting voluntarily and without coercion; Is at least 18 years old; and Is a resident of Australia and has lived in Queensland for at least twelve ...
Assisted dying in Australia
South Australia In November 2016, the South Australian House of Assembly narrowly rejected a private member's bill which would have legalised a right to request voluntary euthanasia in circumstances where a person is in unbearable pain and suffering from a terminal illness. The bill was the first ever euthanasia bill t...
Assisted dying in Australia
Tasmania Tasmania came close to legalising voluntary euthanasia in November 2013, when a Greens-initiated voluntary euthanasia bill was narrowly defeated in the House of Assembly by a vote of 13–12. The bill would have allowed terminally ill Tasmanians to end their lives 10 days after making three separate requests to ...
Assisted dying in Australia
Victoria Since 19 June 2019, Victoria permits assisted dying. On 20 September 2017, the Voluntary Assisted Dying Bill 2017 was introduced into the Victorian Parliament by the Andrews Labor Government, permitting assisted suicide. The bill was modelled on the recommendations of an expert panel chaired by former Australi...
Assisted dying in Australia
A person must be suffering from an incurable, advanced and progressive disease, illness or medical condition, and experiencing intolerable suffering. The condition must be assessed by two medical practitioners to be expected to cause death within six months (an exception exists for a person suffering from a neurodegene...
Assisted dying in Australia
Western Australia In November 2018 the McGowan Government announced it would introduce an assisted dying bill early in the new year. On 10 December 2019, the Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2019 passed the Western Australian Parliament. The legislation had passed the Legislative Council by 24 votes to 11, having previousl...
Assisted dying in Australia
Organisations The euthanasia advocacy group YourLastRight.com is the peak organisation nationally representing the "Dying with Dignity" associations of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania, as well as the South Australian Voluntary Euthanasia Society (SAVES), the Western Australian Voluntary Euthanasia So...
Assisted dying in Australia
See also Health care in Australia Oregon Death With Dignity Act California End of Life Option Act Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (Victoria) Voluntary Euthanasia Party Euthanasia in New Zealand
Assisted dying in Australia
Notes References Further reading Bartels L, Otlowski M (February 2010). "A right to die? Euthanasia and the law in Australia". J Law Med. 17 (4): 532–55. PMID 20329456. Victoria's hub for health services and business - Voluntary Assisted Dying Bill Archived 20 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Australian frontier wars
The Australian frontier wars were the violent conflicts between Indigenous Australians (including both Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders) and primarily British settlers during the colonial period of Australia. The first conflict took place several months after the landing of the First Fleet in January...
Australian frontier wars
Background and population In 1770 an expedition from Great Britain under the command of then-Lieutenant James Cook made the first voyage by the British along the Australian east coast. On 29 April, Cook and a small landing party fired on a group of the local Dharawal nation who had sought to prevent them from landing a...
Australian frontier wars
All evidence suggests that the territory of Queensland had a pre-contact Indigenous population density more than double that of New South Wales, at least six times that of Victoria, and at least twenty times that of Tasmania. Equally, there are signs that the population density of Indigenous Australia was comparatively...
Australian frontier wars
Impact of disease The effects of disease, loss of hunting grounds and starvation of the Aboriginal population were significant. There are indications that smallpox epidemics may have impacted heavily on some Aboriginal communities, with depopulation in large sections of what is now Victoria, New South Wales and Queensl...