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physics/0001048
High-resolution path-integral development of financial options
physics.comp-ph cs.CE physics.data-an q-fin.PR
The Black-Scholes theory of option pricing has been considered for many years as an important but very approximate zeroth-order description of actual market behavior. We generalize the functional form of the diffusion of these systems and also consider multi-factor models including stochastic volatility. Daily Eurodo...
physics/0002054
Evolution of differentiated expression patterns in digital organisms
physics.bio-ph cs.NE q-bio.PE
We investigate the evolutionary processes behind the development and optimization of multiple threads of execution in digital organisms using the avida platform, a software package that implements Darwinian evolution on populations of self-replicating computer programs. The system is seeded with a linearly executed a...
physics/0004057
The information bottleneck method
physics.data-an cond-mat.dis-nn cs.LG nlin.AO
We define the relevant information in a signal $x\in X$ as being the information that this signal provides about another signal $y\in \Y$. Examples include the information that face images provide about the names of the people portrayed, or the information that speech sounds provide about the words spoken. Understand...
physics/0005062
Applying MDL to Learning Best Model Granularity
physics.data-an cs.AI cs.CV
The Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle is solidly based on a provably ideal method of inference using Kolmogorov complexity. We test how the theory behaves in practice on a general problem in model selection: that of learning the best model granularity. The performance of a model depends critically on the gra...
physics/0007070
Predictability, complexity and learning
physics.data-an cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.other cs.LG nlin.AO q-bio.OT
We define {\em predictive information} $I_{\rm pred} (T)$ as the mutual information between the past and the future of a time series. Three qualitatively different behaviors are found in the limit of large observation times $T$: $I_{\rm pred} (T)$ can remain finite, grow logarithmically, or grow as a fractional power...
physics/0007075
Optimization of Trading Physics Models of Markets
physics.comp-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.CE physics.data-an q-fin.ST
We describe an end-to-end real-time S&P futures trading system. Inner-shell stochastic nonlinear dynamic models are developed, and Canonical Momenta Indicators (CMI) are derived from a fitted Lagrangian used by outer-shell trading models dependent on these indicators. Recursive and adaptive optimization using Adaptiv...
physics/0009032
Information theory and learning: a physical approach
physics.data-an cond-mat.dis-nn cs.LG nlin.AO
We try to establish a unified information theoretic approach to learning and to explore some of its applications. First, we define {\em predictive information} as the mutual information between the past and the future of a time series, discuss its behavior as a function of the length of the series, and explain how ot...
physics/0101021
Adaptive evolution on neutral networks
physics.bio-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.NE nlin.AO q-bio.PE
We study the evolution of large but finite asexual populations evolving in fitness landscapes in which all mutations are either neutral or strongly deleterious. We demonstrate that despite the absence of higher fitness genotypes, adaptation takes place as regions with more advantageous distributions of neutral genoty...
physics/0102009
Self-adaptive exploration in evolutionary search
physics.bio-ph cs.NE nlin.AO q-bio
We address a primary question of computational as well as biological research on evolution: How can an exploration strategy adapt in such a way as to exploit the information gained about the problem at hand? We first introduce an integrated formalism of evolutionary search which provides a unified view on different s...
physics/0209085
The calculation of a normal force between multiparticle contacts using fractional operators
physics.comp-ph cs.CE cs.NA math.NA physics.class-ph physics.geo-ph
This paper deals with the complex problem of how to simulate multiparticle contacts. The collision process is responsible for the transfer and dissipation of energy in granular media. A novel model of the interaction force between particles has been proposed and tested. Such model allows us to simulate multiparticle ...
physics/0307117
Symbolic stochastic dynamical systems viewed as binary N-step Markov chains
physics.data-an cond-mat.stat-mech cs.CL math-ph math.MP nlin.AO physics.class-ph
A theory of systems with long-range correlations based on the consideration of binary N-step Markov chains is developed. In the model, the conditional probability that the i-th symbol in the chain equals zero (or unity) is a linear function of the number of unities among the preceding N symbols. The correlation and d...
physics/0308041
Ensembles of Protein Molecules as Statistical Analog Computers
physics.bio-ph cs.AI cs.NE physics.comp-ph physics.data-an q-bio.NC
A class of analog computers built from large numbers of microscopic probabilistic machines is discussed. It is postulated that such computers are implemented in biological systems as ensembles of protein molecules. The formalism is based on an abstract computational model referred to as Protein Molecule Machine (PMM)...
physics/0405044
Least Dependent Component Analysis Based on Mutual Information
physics.comp-ph cs.IT math.IT physics.data-an q-bio.QM
We propose to use precise estimators of mutual information (MI) to find least dependent components in a linearly mixed signal. On the one hand this seems to lead to better blind source separation than with any other presently available algorithm. On the other hand it has the advantage, compared to other implementatio...
physics/0406023
Maximum Entropy Multivariate Density Estimation: An exact goodness-of-fit approach
physics.data-an cs.IT math.IT math.ST stat.TH
We consider the problem of estimating the population probability distribution given a finite set of multivariate samples, using the maximum entropy approach. In strict keeping with Jaynes' original definition, our precise formulation of the problem considers contributions only from the smoothness of the estimated dis...
physics/0412029
Spectral Mixture Decomposition by Least Dependent Component Analysis
physics.data-an cs.IT math.IT physics.chem-ph
A recently proposed mutual information based algorithm for decomposing data into least dependent components (MILCA) is applied to spectral analysis, namely to blind recovery of concentrations and pure spectra from their linear mixtures. The algorithm is based on precise estimates of mutual information between measure...
physics/0504185
Frequency of occurrence of numbers in the World Wide Web
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.DB math.ST stat.TH
The distribution of numbers in human documents is determined by a variety of diverse natural and human factors, whose relative significance can be evaluated by studying the numbers' frequency of occurrence. Although it has been studied since the 1880's, this subject remains poorly understood. Here, we obtain the deta...
physics/0509039
The Dynamics of Viral Marketing
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.DB cs.DS
We present an analysis of a person-to-person recommendation network, consisting of 4 million people who made 16 million recommendations on half a million products. We observe the propagation of recommendations and the cascade sizes, which we explain by a simple stochastic model. We analyze how user behavior varies wi...
physics/0509075
Sharp transition towards shared vocabularies in multi-agent systems
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.GT cs.MA
What processes can explain how very large populations are able to converge on the use of a particular word or grammatical construction without global coordination? Answering this question helps to understand why new language constructs usually propagate along an S-shaped curve with a rather sudden transition towards ...
physics/0510117
Modeling bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics
physics.soc-ph cs.MA
Current models of human dynamics, used from risk assessment to communications, assume that human actions are randomly distributed in time and thus well approximated by Poisson processes. We provide direct evidence that for five human activity patterns the timing of individual human actions follow non-Poisson statisti...
physics/0511201
Strategies for fast convergence in semiotic dynamics
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.GT cs.MA
Semiotic dynamics is a novel field that studies how semiotic conventions spread and stabilize in a population of agents. This is a central issue both for theoretical and technological reasons since large system made up of communicating agents, like web communities or artificial embodied agents teams, are getting wide...
physics/0512045
Topology Induced Coarsening in Language Games
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.GT cs.MA
We investigate how very large populations are able to reach a global consensus, out of local "microscopic" interaction rules, in the framework of a recently introduced class of models of semiotic dynamics, the so-called Naming Game. We compare in particular the convergence mechanism for interacting agents embedded in...
physics/0601118
Learning about knowledge: A complex network approach
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cs.NE physics.comp-ph
This article describes an approach to modeling knowledge acquisition in terms of walks along complex networks. Each subset of knowledge is represented as a node, and relations between such knowledge are expressed as edges. Two types of edges are considered, corresponding to free and conditional transitions. The latte...
physics/0601161
Monte Carlo Algorithm for Least Dependent Non-Negative Mixture Decomposition
physics.chem-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.IT math.IT math.PR math.ST physics.comp-ph physics.data-an stat.TH
We propose a simulated annealing algorithm (called SNICA for "stochastic non-negative independent component analysis") for blind decomposition of linear mixtures of non-negative sources with non-negative coefficients. The de-mixing is based on a Metropolis type Monte Carlo search for least dependent components, with ...
physics/0602033
Community Structure in the United States House of Representatives
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.MA nlin.AO physics.data-an
We investigate the networks of committee and subcommittee assignments in the United States House of Representatives from the 101st--108th Congresses, with the committees connected by ``interlocks'' or common membership. We examine the community structure in these networks using several methods, revealing strong links...
physics/0603002
Functional dissipation microarrays for classification
physics.data-an cs.CV
In this article, we describe a new method of extracting information from signals, called functional dissipation, that proves to be very effective for enhancing classification of high resolution, texture-rich data. Our algorithm bypasses to some extent the need to have very specialized feature extraction techniques, a...
physics/0606053
Optimal estimation for Large-Eddy Simulation of turbulence and application to the analysis of subgrid models
physics.class-ph cs.NE
The tools of optimal estimation are applied to the study of subgrid models for Large-Eddy Simulation of turbulence. The concept of optimal estimator is introduced and its properties are analyzed in the context of applications to a priori tests of subgrid models. Attention is focused on the Cook and Riley model in the...
physics/0607116
Utilisation de la substitution sensorielle par \'{e}lectro-stimulation linguale pour la pr\'{e}vention des escarres chez les parapl\'{e}giques. Etude pr\'{e}liminaire
physics.med-ph cs.RO q-bio.NC
Pressure ulcers are recognized as a major health issue in individuals with spinal cord injuries and new approaches to prevent this pathology are necessary. An innovative health strategy is being developed through the use of computer and sensory substitution via the tongue in order to compensate for the sensory loss i...
physics/0608166
Information filtering via Iterative Refinement
physics.data-an cs.IR physics.soc-ph
With the explosive growth of accessible information, expecially on the Internet, evaluation-based filtering has become a crucial task. Various systems have been devised aiming to sort through large volumes of information and select what is likely to be more relevant. In this letter we analyse a new ranking method, wh...
physics/0608185
Updating Probabilities
physics.data-an cond-mat.stat-mech cs.IT math.IT
We show that Skilling's method of induction leads to a unique general theory of inductive inference, the method of Maximum relative Entropy (ME). The main tool for updating probabilities is the logarithmic relative entropy; other entropies such as those of Renyi or Tsallis are ruled out. We also show that Bayes updat...
physics/0608293
Automatic Trading Agent. RMT based Portfolio Theory and Portfolio Selection
physics.soc-ph cs.CE q-fin.PM stat.AP
Portfolio theory is a very powerful tool in the modern investment theory. It is helpful in estimating risk of an investor's portfolio, which arises from our lack of information, uncertainty and incomplete knowledge of reality, which forbids a perfect prediction of future price changes. Despite of many advantages this...
physics/0609097
F.A.S.T. - Floor field- and Agent-based Simulation Tool
physics.comp-ph cs.MA physics.soc-ph
In this paper a model of pedestrian motion is presented. As application its parameters are fitted to one run in a primary school evacuation exercise. Simulations with these parameters are compared to further runs during the same exercise.
physics/0610051
Structural Inference of Hierarchies in Networks
physics.soc-ph cs.LG physics.data-an
One property of networks that has received comparatively little attention is hierarchy, i.e., the property of having vertices that cluster together in groups, which then join to form groups of groups, and so forth, up through all levels of organization in the network. Here, we give a precise definition of hierarchica...
physics/0701081
Spatio-Temporal Electromagnetic Field Shapes and their Logical Processing
physics.comp-ph cs.CV physics.gen-ph
This paper is on the spatio-temporal signals with the topologically modulated electromagnetic fields. The carrier of the digital information is the topological scheme composed of the separatrices-manifolds and equilibrium positions of the field. The signals and developed hardware for their processing in the space-tim...
physics/0703126
The Laplace-Jaynes approach to induction
physics.data-an cs.AI quant-ph
An approach to induction is presented, based on the idea of analysing the context of a given problem into `circumstances'. This approach, fully Bayesian in form and meaning, provides a complement or in some cases an alternative to that based on de Finetti's representation theorem and on the notion of infinite exchang...
physics/0703164
Cultural route to the emergence of linguistic categories
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cs.MA
Categories provide a coarse grained description of the world. A fundamental question is whether categories simply mirror an underlying structure of nature, or instead come from the complex interactions of human beings among themselves and with the environment. Here we address this question by modelling a population o...
physics/9911006
Genetic Algorithms in Time-Dependent Environments
physics.bio-ph adap-org cs.NE nlin.AO q-bio
The influence of time-dependent fitnesses on the infinite population dynamics of simple genetic algorithms (without crossover) is analyzed. Based on general arguments, a schematic phase diagram is constructed that allows one to characterize the asymptotic states in dependence on the mutation rate and the time scale o...
q-bio/0310011
Complex Independent Component Analysis of Frequency-Domain Electroencephalographic Data
q-bio.QM cs.CE physics.data-an q-bio.NC
Independent component analysis (ICA) has proven useful for modeling brain and electroencephalographic (EEG) data. Here, we present a new, generalized method to better capture the dynamics of brain signals than previous ICA algorithms. We regard EEG sources as eliciting spatio-temporal activity patterns, corresponding...
q-bio/0310025
Pattern Excitation-Based Processing: The Music of The Brain
q-bio.NC cs.NE physics.bio-ph
An approach to information processing based on the excitation of patterns of activity by non-linear active resonators in response to their input patterns is proposed. Arguments are presented to show that any computation performed by a conventional Turing machine-based computer, called T-machine in this paper, could a...
q-bio/0401033
Parametric Inference for Biological Sequence Analysis
q-bio.GN cs.LG math.ST stat.TH
One of the major successes in computational biology has been the unification, using the graphical model formalism, of a multitude of algorithms for annotating and comparing biological sequences. Graphical models that have been applied towards these problems include hidden Markov models for annotation, tree models for...
q-bio/0402029
Fluctuation-dissipation theorem and models of learning
q-bio.NC cs.LG nlin.AO physics.data-an
Advances in statistical learning theory have resulted in a multitude of different designs of learning machines. But which ones are implemented by brains and other biological information processors? We analyze how various abstract Bayesian learners perform on different data and argue that it is difficult to determine ...
q-bio/0403011
Memorization in a neural network with adjustable transfer function and conditional gating
q-bio.NC cs.NE
The main problem about replacing LTP as a memory mechanism has been to find other highly abstract, easily understandable principles for induced plasticity. In this paper we attempt to lay out such a basic mechanism, namely intrinsic plasticity. Important empirical observations with theoretical significance are time-l...
q-bio/0403022
Intelligent encoding and economical communication in the visual stream
q-bio.NC cs.AI cs.CC nlin.AO
The theory of computational complexity is used to underpin a recent model of neocortical sensory processing. We argue that encoding into reconstruction networks is appealing for communicating agents using Hebbian learning and working on hard combinatorial problems, which are easy to verify. Computational definition o...
q-bio/0403036
The Triplet Genetic Code had a Doublet Predecessor
q-bio.GN cs.CE q-bio.BM quant-ph
Information theoretic analysis of genetic languages indicates that the naturally occurring 20 amino acids and the triplet genetic code arose by duplication of 10 amino acids of class-II and a doublet genetic code having codons NNY and anticodons $\overleftarrow{\rm GNN}$. Evidence for this scenario is presented based...
q-bio/0406015
Information theory, multivariate dependence, and genetic network inference
q-bio.QM cs.IT math.IT math.ST physics.data-an q-bio.GN stat.TH
We define the concept of dependence among multiple variables using maximum entropy techniques and introduce a graphical notation to denote the dependencies. Direct inference of information theoretic quantities from data uncovers dependencies even in undersampled regimes when the joint probability distribution cannot ...
q-bio/0411030
Statistical Mechanics Characterization of Neuronal Mosaics
q-bio.NC cond-mat.dis-nn cs.CV physics.bio-ph q-bio.QM
The spatial distribution of neuronal cells is an important requirement for achieving proper neuronal function in several parts of the nervous system of most animals. For instance, specific distribution of photoreceptors and related neuronal cells, particularly the ganglion cells, in mammal's retina is required in ord...
q-bio/0501021
Spike timing precision and neural error correction: local behavior
q-bio.NC cs.NE math.DS
The effects of spike timing precision and dynamical behavior on error correction in spiking neurons were investigated. Stationary discharges -- phase locked, quasiperiodic, or chaotic -- were induced in a simulated neuron by presenting pacemaker presynaptic spike trains across a model of a prototypical inhibitory syn...
q-bio/0502023
Learning intrinsic excitability in medium spiny neurons
q-bio.NC cs.NE
We present an unsupervised, local activation-dependent learning rule for intrinsic plasticity (IP) which affects the composition of ion channel conductances for single neurons in a use-dependent way. We use a single-compartment conductance-based model for medium spiny striatal neurons in order to show the effects of ...
q-bio/0505021
Characterizing Self-Developing Biological Neural Networks: A First Step Towards their Application To Computing Systems
q-bio.NC cs.AR cs.NE nlin.AO
Carbon nanotubes are often seen as the only alternative technology to silicon transistors. While they are the most likely short-term one, other longer-term alternatives should be studied as well. While contemplating biological neurons as an alternative component may seem preposterous at first sight, significant recen...
q-bio/0505050
HLA and HIV Infection Progression: Application of the Minimum Description Length Principle to Statistical Genetics
q-bio.QM cs.IT math.IT
The minimum description length (MDL) principle states that the best model to account for some data minimizes the sum of the lengths, in bits, of the descriptions of the model and the residual error. The description length is thus a criterion for model selection. Description-length analysis of HLA alleles from the Chi...
q-bio/0507037
Neuromodulation Influences Synchronization and Intrinsic Read-out
q-bio.NC cs.NE nlin.AO
Background: The roles of neuromodulation in a neural network, such as in a cortical microcolumn, are still incompletely understood. Neuromodulation influences neural processing by presynaptic and postsynaptic regulation of synaptic efficacy. Neuromodulation also affects ion channels and intrinsic excitability. Method...
q-bio/0510007
The fitness value of information
q-bio.PE cs.IT math.IT q-bio.NC
Biologists measure information in different ways. Neurobiologists and researchers in bioinformatics often measure information using information-theoretic measures such as Shannon's entropy or mutual information. Behavioral biologists and evolutionary ecologists more commonly use decision-theoretic measures, such the ...
q-bio/0511045
The use of the GARP genetic algorithm and internet grid computing in the Lifemapper world atlas of species biodiversity
q-bio.QM cs.DC cs.NE q-bio.OT
Lifemapper (http://www.lifemapper.org) is a predictive electronic atlas of the Earth's biological biodiversity. Using a screensaver version of the GARP genetic algorithm for modeling species distributions, Lifemapper harnesses vast computing resources through 'volunteers' PCs similar to SETI@home, to develop models o...
q-bio/0511046
Improving ecological niche models by data mining large environmental datasets for surrogate models
q-bio.QM cs.AI
WhyWhere is a new ecological niche modeling (ENM) algorithm for mapping and explaining the distribution of species. The algorithm uses image processing methods to efficiently sift through large amounts of data to find the few variables that best predict species occurrence. The purpose of this paper is to describe and...
q-bio/0603007
Compression ratios based on the Universal Similarity Metric still yield protein distances far from CATH distances
q-bio.QM cs.CE physics.data-an q-bio.OT
Kolmogorov complexity has inspired several alignment-free distance measures, based on the comparison of lengths of compressions, which have been applied successfully in many areas. One of these measures, the so-called Universal Similarity Metric (USM), has been used by Krasnogor and Pelta to compare simple protein co...
q-bio/0604024
The transposition distance for phylogenetic trees
q-bio.PE cs.CE math.GR q-bio.OT
The search for similarity and dissimilarity measures on phylogenetic trees has been motivated by the computation of consensus trees, the search by similarity in phylogenetic databases, and the assessment of clustering results in bioinformatics. The transposition distance for fully resolved phylogenetic trees is a rec...
q-bio/0605020
Laws in Darwinian Evolutionary Theory
q-bio.PE cond-mat.stat-mech cs.NE math.OC nlin.AO physics.bio-ph q-bio.QM
In the present article the recent works to formulate laws in Darwinian evolutionary dynamics are discussed. Although there is a strong consensus that general laws in biology may exist, opinions opposing such suggestion are abundant. Based on recent progress in both mathematics and biology, another attempt to address ...
q-bio/0607018
A p-Adic Model of DNA Sequence and Genetic Code
q-bio.GN cs.IT math-ph math.IT math.MP physics.bio-ph
Using basic properties of p-adic numbers, we consider a simple new approach to describe main aspects of DNA sequence and genetic code. Central role in our investigation plays an ultrametric p-adic information space which basic elements are nucleotides, codons and genes. We show that a 5-adic model is appropriate for ...
q-bio/0610040
Metric learning pairwise kernel for graph inference
q-bio.QM cs.LG
Much recent work in bioinformatics has focused on the inference of various types of biological networks, representing gene regulation, metabolic processes, protein-protein interactions, etc. A common setting involves inferring network edges in a supervised fashion from a set of high-confidence edges, possibly charact...
q-bio/0612013
Clustering fetal heart rate tracings by compression
q-bio.TO cs.CV cs.IR q-bio.QM
Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring, before and during labor, is a very important medical practice in the detection of fetuses in danger. We clustered FHR tracings by compression in order to identify abnormal ones. We use a recently introduced approach based on algorithmic information theory, a theoretical, rigorous an...
q-bio/0701009
Attribute Exploration of Discrete Temporal Transitions
q-bio.QM cs.AI q-bio.MN
Discrete temporal transitions occur in a variety of domains, but this work is mainly motivated by applications in molecular biology: explaining and analyzing observed transcriptome and proteome time series by literature and database knowledge. The starting point of a formal concept analysis model is presented. The ob...
q-bio/0703044
On the existence of potential landscape in the evolution of complex systems
q-bio.QM cond-mat.stat-mech cs.IT math.DS math.IT nlin.AO q-bio.MN
A recently developed treatment of stochastic processes leads to the construction of a potential landscape for the dynamical evolution of complex systems. Since the existence of a potential function in generic settings has been frequently questioned in literature,herewe study several related theoretical issues that li...
quant-ph/0011122
Algorithmic Theories of Everything
quant-ph cs.AI cs.CC cs.LG hep-th math-ph math.MP physics.comp-ph
The probability distribution P from which the history of our universe is sampled represents a theory of everything or TOE. We assume P is formally describable. Since most (uncountably many) distributions are not, this imposes a strong inductive bias. We show that P(x) is small for any universe x lacking a short descr...
quant-ph/0012111
Quantum error-correcting codes associated with graphs
quant-ph cs.IT math-ph math.IT math.MP
We present a construction scheme for quantum error correcting codes. The basic ingredients are a graph and a finite abelian group, from which the code can explicitly be obtained. We prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the graph such that the resulting code corrects a certain number of errors. This allows a ...
quant-ph/0102108
Quantum Kolmogorov Complexity Based on Classical Descriptions
quant-ph cs.CC cs.IT math.IT math.LO
We develop a theory of the algorithmic information in bits contained in an individual pure quantum state. This extends classical Kolmogorov complexity to the quantum domain retaining classical descriptions. Quantum Kolmogorov complexity coincides with the classical Kolmogorov complexity on the classical domain. Quant...
quant-ph/0107129
Algebraic geometric construction of a quantum stabilizer code
quant-ph cs.IT math.AG math.IT math.SG
The stabilizer code is the most general algebraic construction of quantum error-correcting codes proposed so far. A stabilizer code can be constructed from a self-orthogonal subspace of a symplectic space over a finite field. We propose a construction method of such a self-orthogonal space using an algebraic curve. B...
quant-ph/0108073
Quantum Information in Space and Time
quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hall cs.IT gr-qc hep-ph hep-th math-ph math.IT math.MP math.PR
Many important results in modern quantum information theory have been obtained for an idealized situation when the spacetime dependence of quantum phenomena is neglected. However the transmission and processing of (quantum) information is a physical process in spacetime. Therefore such basic notions in quantum inform...
quant-ph/0108133
On Classical and Quantum Cryptography
quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hall cs.IT hep-th math-ph math.IT math.MP
Lectures on classical and quantum cryptography. Contents: Private key cryptosystems. Elements of number theory. Public key cryptography and RSA cryptosystem. Shannon`s entropy and mutual information. Entropic uncertainty relations. The no cloning theorem. The BB84 quantum cryptographic protocol. Security proofs. Bell...
quant-ph/0110103
Quantum entanglement and geometry of determinantal varieties
quant-ph cs.IT math.AG math.IT
Quantum entanglement was first recognized as a feature of quantum mechanics in the famous paper of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen [18]. Recently it has been realized that quantum entanglement is a key ingredient in quantum computation, quantum communication and quantum cryptography ([16],[17],[6]). In this paper, we in...
quant-ph/0202015
Semiclassical Neural Network
quant-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cs.AI q-bio
We have constructed a simple semiclassical model of neural network where neurons have quantum links with one another in a chosen way and affect one another in a fashion analogous to action potentials. We have examined the role of stochasticity introduced by the quantum potential and compare the system with the classi...
quant-ph/0202016
Neural Networks with c-NOT Gated Nodes
quant-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cs.AI q-bio
We try to design a quantum neural network with qubits instead of classical neurons with deterministic states, and also with quantum operators replacing teh classical action potentials. With our choice of gates interconnecting teh neural lattice, it appears that the state of the system behaves in ways reflecting both ...
quant-ph/0203010
Entangled Quantum Networks
quant-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cs.AI
We present some results from simulation of a network of nodes connected by c-NOT gates with nearest neighbors. Though initially we begin with pure states of varying boundary conditions, the updating with time quickly involves a complicated entanglement involving all or most nodes. As a normal c-NOT gate, though unita...
quant-ph/0203105
The capacity of hybrid quantum memory
quant-ph cs.IT math-ph math.IT math.MP math.OA
The general stable quantum memory unit is a hybrid consisting of a classical digit with a quantum digit (qudit) assigned to each classical state. The shape of the memory is the vector of sizes of these qudits, which may differ. We determine when N copies of a quantum memory A embed in N(1+o(1)) copies of another quan...
quant-ph/0205161
Contextualizing Concepts using a Mathematical Generalization of the Quantum Formalism
quant-ph cs.AI q-bio.NC
We outline the rationale and preliminary results of using the State Context Property (SCOP) formalism, originally developed as a generalization of quantum mechanics, to describe the contextual manner in which concepts are evoked, used, and combined to generate meaning. The quantum formalism was developed to cope with...
quant-ph/0207069
Data compression limit for an information source of interacting qubits
quant-ph cs.IT math-ph math.IT math.MP
A system of interacting qubits can be viewed as a non-i.i.d quantum information source. A possible model of such a source is provided by a quantum spin system, in which spin-1/2 particles located at sites of a lattice interact with each other. We establish the limit for the compression of information from such a sour...
quant-ph/0210176
Quantum Pattern Recognition
quant-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cs.IR nlin.AO q-bio.NC
I review and expand the model of quantum associative memory that I have recently proposed. In this model binary patterns of n bits are stored in the quantum superposition of the appropriate subset of the computational basis of n qbits. Information can be retrieved by performing an input-dependent rotation of the memo...
quant-ph/0301075
Selective pressures on genomes in molecular evolution
quant-ph cs.NE nlin.AO physics.bio-ph q-bio.PE
We describe the evolution of macromolecules as an information transmission process and apply tools from Shannon information theory to it. This allows us to isolate three independent, competing selective pressures that we term compression, transmission, and neutrality selection. The first two affect genome length: the...
quant-ph/0307170
Quantum Stein's lemma revisited, inequalities for quantum entropies, and a concavity theorem of Lieb
quant-ph cs.IT math-ph math.IT math.MP
We derive the monotonicity of the quantum relative entropy by an elementary operational argument based on Stein's lemma in quantum hypothesis testing. For the latter we present an elementary and short proof that requires the law of large numbers only. Joint convexity of the quantum relative entropy is proven too, res...
quant-ph/0308158
New Approachs to Quantum Computer Simulaton in a Classical Supercomputer
quant-ph cs.CE
Classical simulation is important because it sets a benchmark for quantum computer performance. Classical simulation is currently the only way to exercise larger numbers of qubits. To achieve larger simulations, sparse matrix processing is emphasized below while trading memory for processing. It performed well within...
quant-ph/0309022
Quantum Aspects of Semantic Analysis and Symbolic Artificial Intelligence
quant-ph cs.CL
Modern approaches to semanic analysis if reformulated as Hilbert-space problems reveal formal structures known from quantum mechanics. Similar situation is found in distributed representations of cognitive structures developed for the purposes of neural networks. We take a closer look at similarites and differences b...
quant-ph/0310075
Symmetric Informationally Complete Quantum Measurements
quant-ph cs.IT math.FA math.IT
We consider the existence in arbitrary finite dimensions d of a POVM comprised of d^2 rank-one operators all of whose operator inner products are equal. Such a set is called a ``symmetric, informationally complete'' POVM (SIC-POVM) and is equivalent to a set of d^2 equiangular lines in C^d. SIC-POVMs are relevant for...
quant-ph/0411140
Improved Bounds on Quantum Learning Algorithms
quant-ph cs.LG
In this article we give several new results on the complexity of algorithms that learn Boolean functions from quantum queries and quantum examples. Hunziker et al. conjectured that for any class C of Boolean functions, the number of quantum black-box queries which are required to exactly identify an unknown functio...
quant-ph/0501099
Simple Rate-1/3 Convolutional and Tail-Biting Quantum Error-Correcting Codes
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
Simple rate-1/3 single-error-correcting unrestricted and CSS-type quantum convolutional codes are constructed from classical self-orthogonal $\F_4$-linear and $\F_2$-linear convolutional codes, respectively. These quantum convolutional codes have higher rate than comparable quantum block codes or previous quantum con...
quant-ph/0501126
Primitive Quantum BCH Codes over Finite Fields
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
An attractive feature of BCH codes is that one can infer valuable information from their design parameters (length, size of the finite field, and designed distance), such as bounds on the minimum distance and dimension of the code. In this paper, it is shown that one can also deduce from the design parameters whether...
quant-ph/0501152
A generalized skew information and uncertainty relation
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
A generalized skew information is defined and a generalized uncertainty relation is established with the help of a trace inequality which was recently proven by J.I.Fujii. In addition, we prove the trace inequality conjectured by S.Luo and Z.Zhang. Finally we point out that Theorem 1 in {\it S.Luo and Q.Zhang, IEEE T...
quant-ph/0503236
On Self-Dual Quantum Codes, Graphs, and Boolean Functions
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
A short introduction to quantum error correction is given, and it is shown that zero-dimensional quantum codes can be represented as self-dual additive codes over GF(4) and also as graphs. We show that graphs representing several such codes with high minimum distance can be described as nested regular graphs having m...
quant-ph/0506080
Entropy and Quantum Kolmogorov Complexity: A Quantum Brudno's Theorem
quant-ph cs.IT math-ph math.DS math.IT math.MP
In classical information theory, entropy rate and Kolmogorov complexity per symbol are related by a theorem of Brudno. In this paper, we prove a quantum version of this theorem, connecting the von Neumann entropy rate and two notions of quantum Kolmogorov complexity, both based on the shortest qubit descriptions of q...
quant-ph/0507231
Algebras of Measurements: the logical structure of Quantum Mechanics
quant-ph cs.AI
In Quantum Physics, a measurement is represented by a projection on some closed subspace of a Hilbert space. We study algebras of operators that abstract from the algebra of projections on closed subspaces of a Hilbert space. The properties of such operators are justified on epistemological grounds. Commutation of me...
quant-ph/0508070
Nonbinary stabilizer codes over finite fields
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
One formidable difficulty in quantum communication and computation is to protect information-carrying quantum states against undesired interactions with the environment. In past years, many good quantum error-correcting codes had been derived as binary stabilizer codes. Fault-tolerant quantum computation prompted the...
quant-ph/0511016
Convolutional and tail-biting quantum error-correcting codes
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
Rate-(n-2)/n unrestricted and CSS-type quantum convolutional codes with up to 4096 states and minimum distances up to 10 are constructed as stabilizer codes from classical self-orthogonal rate-1/n F_4-linear and binary linear convolutional codes, respectively. These codes generally have higher rate and less decoding ...
quant-ph/0511172
On Classical Teleportation and Classical Nonlocality
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
An interesting protocol for classical teleportation of an unknown classical state was recently suggested by Cohen, and by Gour and Meyer. In that protocol, Bob can sample from a probability distribution P that is given to Alice, even if Alice has absolutely no knowledge about P. Pursuing a similar line of thought, we...
quant-ph/0511175
A Proof of the Security of Quantum Key Distribution
quant-ph cs.CR cs.IT math.IT
We prove the security of theoretical quantum key distribution against the most general attacks which can be performed on the channel, by an eavesdropper who has unlimited computation abilities, and the full power allowed by the rules of classical and quantum physics. A key created that way can then be used to transmi...
quant-ph/0601115
Phase-Remapping Attack in Practical Quantum Key Distribution Systems
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
Quantum key distribution (QKD) can be used to generate secret keys between two distant parties. Even though QKD has been proven unconditionally secure against eavesdroppers with unlimited computation power, practical implementations of QKD may contain loopholes that may lead to the generated secret keys being comprom...
quant-ph/0602129
Non-catastrophic Encoders and Encoder Inverses for Quantum Convolutional Codes
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
We present an algorithm to construct quantum circuits for encoding and inverse encoding of quantum convolutional codes. We show that any quantum convolutional code contains a subcode of finite index which has a non-catastrophic encoding circuit. Our work generalizes the conditions for non-catastrophic encoders derive...
quant-ph/0603031
Channel capacities of classical and quantum list decoding
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
We focus on classical and quantum list decoding. The capacity of list decoding was obtained by Nishimura in the case when the number of list does not increase exponentially. However, the capacity of the exponential-list case is open even in the classical case while its converse part was obtained by Nishimura. We deri...
quant-ph/0603098
Quantum broadcast channels
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
We consider quantum channels with one sender and two receivers, used in several different ways for the simultaneous transmission of independent messages. We begin by extending the technique of superposition coding to quantum channels with a classical input to give a general achievable region. We also give outer bound...
quant-ph/0603135
Interaction in Quantum Communication
quant-ph cs.CC cs.IT math.IT
In some scenarios there are ways of conveying information with many fewer, even exponentially fewer, qubits than possible classically. Moreover, some of these methods have a very simple structure--they involve only few message exchanges between the communicating parties. It is therefore natural to ask whether every c...
quant-ph/0604013
Beyond i.i.d. in Quantum Information Theory
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
The information spectrum approach gives general formulae for optimal rates of codes in many areas of information theory. In this paper the quantum spectral divergence rates are defined and properties of the rates are derived. The entropic rates, conditional entropic rates, and spectral mutual information rates are th...
quant-ph/0604161
Clifford Code Constructions of Operator Quantum Error Correcting Codes
quant-ph cs.IT math.IT
Recently, operator quantum error-correcting codes have been proposed to unify and generalize decoherence free subspaces, noiseless subsystems, and quantum error-correcting codes. This note introduces a natural construction of such codes in terms of Clifford codes, an elegant generalization of stabilizer codes due to ...
quant-ph/0605030
Strongly Universal Quantum Turing Machines and Invariance of Kolmogorov Complexity
quant-ph cs.IT math-ph math.IT math.MP
We show that there exists a universal quantum Turing machine (UQTM) that can simulate every other QTM until the other QTM has halted and then halt itself with probability one. This extends work by Bernstein and Vazirani who have shown that there is a UQTM that can simulate every other QTM for an arbitrary, but preass...
quant-ph/0605041
Invertible Quantum Operations and Perfect Encryption of Quantum States
quant-ph cs.CR cs.IT math.IT
In this note, we characterize the form of an invertible quantum operation, i.e., a completely positive trace preserving linear transformation (a CPTP map) whose inverse is also a CPTP map. The precise form of such maps becomes important in contexts such as self-testing and encryption. We show that these maps correspo...