id stringlengths 9 16 | title stringlengths 4 278 | categories listlengths 1 13 | abstract stringlengths 3 4.08k | filtered_category_membership dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2411.07850 | IAE: Irony-based Adversarial Examples for Sentiment Analysis Systems | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Adversarial examples, which are inputs deliberately perturbed with imperceptible changes to induce model errors, have raised serious concerns for the reliability and security of deep neural networks (DNNs). While adversarial attacks have been extensively studied in continuous data domains such as images, the discrete n... | {
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2411.07853 | Evidential time-to-event prediction with calibrated uncertainty
quantification | [
"cs.LG"
] | Time-to-event analysis provides insights into clinical prognosis and treatment recommendations. However, this task is more challenging than standard regression problems due to the presence of censored observations. Additionally, the lack of confidence assessment, model robustness, and prediction calibration raises conc... | {
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2411.07854 | Tucano: Advancing Neural Text Generation for Portuguese | [
"cs.CL",
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"cs.LG"
] | Significant advances have been made in natural language processing in recent years. However, our current deep learning approach to language modeling requires substantial resources in terms of data and computation. One of the side effects of this data-hungry paradigm is the current schism between languages, separating t... | {
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2411.07858 | Verbosity $\neq$ Veracity: Demystify Verbosity Compensation Behavior of
Large Language Models | [
"cs.CL"
] | Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their strong capabilities in various tasks, recent work has revealed LLMs also exhibit undesirable behaviors, such as hallucination and toxicity, limiting their reliability and broader adoption. In this paper, we discover an understudied type of undesirable behavi... | {
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2411.07860 | Integrating Chaotic Evolutionary and Local Search Techniques in Decision
Space for Enhanced Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization | [
"cs.NE"
] | This paper presents innovative approaches to optimization problems, focusing on both Single-Objective Multi-Modal Optimization (SOMMOP) and Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO). In SOMMOP, we integrate chaotic evolution with niching techniques, as well as Persistence-Based Clustering combined with Gaussian mutation. The ... | {
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2411.07862 | Iterative Learning Control with Mismatch Compensation for Residual
Vibration Suppression in Delta Robots | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.RO",
"cs.SY"
] | Unwanted vibrations stemming from the energy-optimized design of Delta robots pose a challenge in their operation, especially with respect to precise reference tracking. To improve tracking accuracy, this paper proposes an adaptive mismatch-compensated iterative learning controller based on input shaping techniques. We... | {
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2411.07863 | CDXFormer: Boosting Remote Sensing Change Detection with Extended Long
Short-Term Memory | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG",
"eess.IV"
] | In complex scenes and varied conditions, effectively integrating spatial-temporal context is crucial for accurately identifying changes. However, current RS-CD methods lack a balanced consideration of performance and efficiency. CNNs lack global context, Transformers are computationally expensive, and Mambas face CUDA ... | {
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2411.07870 | Trustful LLMs: Customizing and Grounding Text Generation with Knowledge
Bases and Dual Decoders | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Although people are impressed by the content generation skills of large language models, the use of LLMs, such as ChatGPT, is limited by the domain grounding of the content. The correctness and groundedness of the generated content need to be based on a verified context, such as results from Retrieval-Augmented Generat... | {
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2411.07871 | Leveraging Multimodal Models for Enhanced Neuroimaging Diagnostics in
Alzheimer's Disease | [
"cs.AI",
"eess.IV"
] | The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown great potential in medical diagnostics, particularly in radiology, where datasets such as X-rays are paired with human-generated diagnostic reports. However, a significant research gap exists in the neuroimaging field, e... | {
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2411.07873 | Diverse capability and scaling of diffusion and auto-regressive models
when learning abstract rules | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV",
"cs.NE"
] | Humans excel at discovering regular structures from limited samples and applying inferred rules to novel settings. We investigate whether modern generative models can similarly learn underlying rules from finite samples and perform reasoning through conditional sampling. Inspired by Raven's Progressive Matrices task, w... | {
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2411.07883 | Efficient Creation of Behavior Models with Variable Modeling Depths Used
in Digital Twins | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | Behavior models form an integral component of Digital Twins. The specific characteristics of these models may vary depending on the use case. One of these key characteristics is the modeling depth. Behavior models with a lower modeling depth depict the behavior of the asset in an abstract way, while those with a higher... | {
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2411.07885 | RadioActive: 3D Radiological Interactive Segmentation Benchmark | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.HC",
"cs.LG"
] | Current interactive segmentation approaches, inspired by the success of META's Segment Anything model, have achieved notable advancements, however, they come with substantial limitations that hinder their practical application in 3D radiological scenarios. These include unrealistic human interaction requirements, such ... | {
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2411.07887 | Stochastic MPC for Finite Gaussian Mixture Disturbances with Guarantees | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This paper presents a stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) algorithm for linear systems subject to additive Gaussian mixture disturbances, with the goal of satisfying chance constraints. To synthesize a control strategy, the stochastic control problem is reformulated into an MPC problem. The reformulation begins ... | {
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2411.07889 | A Stochastic Optimization Framework for Private and Fair Learning From
Decentralized Data | [
"cs.LG"
] | Machine learning models are often trained on sensitive data (e.g., medical records and race/gender) that is distributed across different "silos" (e.g., hospitals). These federated learning models may then be used to make consequential decisions, such as allocating healthcare resources. Two key challenges emerge in this... | {
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2411.07890 | Minimally Invasive Flexible Needle Manipulation Based on Finite Element
Simulation and Cross Entropy Method | [
"cs.RO"
] | We present a novel approach for minimally invasive flexible needle manipulations by pairing a real-time finite element simulator with the cross-entropy method. Additionally, we demonstrate how a kinematic-driven bang-bang controller can complement the control framework for better tracking performance. We show how elect... | {
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2411.07892 | Mapping the Podcast Ecosystem with the Structured Podcast Research
Corpus | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.CY"
] | Podcasts provide highly diverse content to a massive listener base through a unique on-demand modality. However, limited data has prevented large-scale computational analysis of the podcast ecosystem. To fill this gap, we introduce a massive dataset of over 1.1M podcast transcripts that is largely comprehensive of all ... | {
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2411.07893 | Joint multi-dimensional dynamic attention and transformer for general
image restoration | [
"cs.CV"
] | Outdoor images often suffer from severe degradation due to rain, haze, and noise, impairing image quality and challenging high-level tasks. Current image restoration methods struggle to handle complex degradation while maintaining efficiency. This paper introduces a novel image restoration architecture that combines mu... | {
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2411.07899 | Rendering-Oriented 3D Point Cloud Attribute Compression using Sparse
Tensor-based Transformer | [
"cs.MM",
"cs.CV"
] | The evolution of 3D visualization techniques has fundamentally transformed how we interact with digital content. At the forefront of this change is point cloud technology, offering an immersive experience that surpasses traditional 2D representations. However, the massive data size of point clouds presents significant ... | {
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2411.07901 | TLDR: Traffic Light Detection using Fourier Domain Adaptation in Hostile
WeatheR | [
"cs.CV"
] | The scarcity of comprehensive datasets in the traffic light detection and recognition domain and the poor performance of state-of-the-art models under hostile weather conditions present significant challenges. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel approach by merging two widely used datasets, LISA and S2... | {
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2411.07907 | When Randomness Beats Redundancy: Insights into the Diffusion of Complex
Contagions | [
"cs.SI",
"physics.soc-ph"
] | How does social network structure amplify or stifle behavior diffusion? Existing theory suggests that when social reinforcement makes the adoption of behavior more likely, it should spread more -- both farther and faster -- on clustered networks with redundant ties. Conversely, if adoption does not benefit from social ... | {
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2411.07917 | CryptoLLM: Unleashing the Power of Prompted LLMs for SmartQnA and
Classification of Crypto Posts | [
"cs.CL"
] | The rapid growth of social media has resulted in an large volume of user-generated content, particularly in niche domains such as cryptocurrency. This task focuses on developing robust classification models to accurately categorize cryptocurrency-related social media posts into predefined classes, including but not lim... | {
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2411.07918 | Isometric Transformations for Image Augmentation in Mueller Matrix
Polarimetry | [
"cs.CV",
"physics.med-ph"
] | Mueller matrix polarimetry captures essential information about polarized light interactions with a sample, presenting unique challenges for data augmentation in deep learning due to its distinct structure. While augmentations are an effective and affordable way to enhance dataset diversity and reduce overfitting, stan... | {
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2411.07927 | Control-Oriented Models Inform Synthetic Biology Strategies in CAR T
Cell Immunotherapy | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of blood cancers. Mathematical models that can predict the effectiveness of immunotherapies such as CAR T are of increasing interest due to their ability to reduce the number of experiments performed and to guide the theoretical development... | {
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2411.07933 | Prediction of Acoustic Communication Performance for AUVs using Gaussian
Process Classification | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.LG"
] | Cooperating autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) often rely on acoustic communication to coordinate their actions effectively. However, the reliability of underwater acoustic communication decreases as the communication range between vehicles increases. Consequently, teams of cooperating AUVs typically make conservati... | {
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2411.07934 | Doubly Mild Generalization for Offline Reinforcement Learning | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from the extrapolation error and value overestimation. From a generalization perspective, this issue can be attributed to the over-generalization of value functions or policies towards out-of-distribution (OOD) actions. Significant efforts have been devoted to mitigating such... | {
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2411.07936 | Learning Disentangled Representations for Perceptual Point Cloud Quality
Assessment via Mutual Information Minimization | [
"cs.CV"
] | No-Reference Point Cloud Quality Assessment (NR-PCQA) aims to objectively assess the human perceptual quality of point clouds without relying on pristine-quality point clouds for reference. It is becoming increasingly significant with the rapid advancement of immersive media applications such as virtual reality (VR) an... | {
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2411.07940 | Automatic dataset shift identification to support root cause analysis of
AI performance drift | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Shifts in data distribution can substantially harm the performance of clinical AI models. Hence, various methods have been developed to detect the presence of such shifts at deployment time. However, root causes of dataset shifts are varied, and the choice of shift mitigation strategies is highly dependent on the preci... | {
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2411.07941 | DuoLift-GAN:Reconstructing CT from Single-view and Biplanar X-Rays with
Generative Adversarial Networks | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Computed tomography (CT) provides highly detailed three-dimensional (3D) medical images but is costly, time-consuming, and often inaccessible in intraoperative settings (Organization et al. 2011). Recent advancements have explored reconstructing 3D chest volumes from sparse 2D X-rays, such as single-view or orthogonal ... | {
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2411.07942 | Towards Low-bit Communication for Tensor Parallel LLM Inference | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Tensor parallelism provides an effective way to increase server large language model (LLM) inference efficiency despite adding an additional communication cost. However, as server LLMs continue to scale in size, they will need to be distributed across more devices, magnifying the communication cost. One way to approach... | {
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2411.07945 | SimBase: A Simple Baseline for Temporal Video Grounding | [
"cs.CV"
] | This paper presents SimBase, a simple yet effective baseline for temporal video grounding. While recent advances in temporal grounding have led to impressive performance, they have also driven network architectures toward greater complexity, with a range of methods to (1) capture temporal relationships and (2) achieve ... | {
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2411.07954 | Learning Memory Mechanisms for Decision Making through Demonstrations | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.RO"
] | In Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes, integrating an agent's history into memory poses a significant challenge for decision-making. Traditional imitation learning, relying on observation-action pairs for expert demonstrations, fails to capture the expert's memory mechanisms used in decision-making. To capt... | {
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2411.07955 | How To Discover Short, Shorter, and the Shortest Proofs of
Unsatisfiability: A Branch-and-Bound Approach for Resolution Proof Length
Minimization | [
"cs.AI"
] | Modern software for propositional satisfiability problems gives a powerful automated reasoning toolkit, capable of outputting not only a satisfiable/unsatisfiable signal but also a justification of unsatisfiability in the form of resolution proof (or a more expressive proof), which is commonly used for verification pur... | {
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2411.07956 | Commissioning An All-Sky Infrared Camera Array for Detection Of Airborne
Objects | [
"astro-ph.IM",
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | To date there is little publicly available scientific data on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) whose properties and kinematics purportedly reside outside the performance envelope of known phenomena. To address this deficiency, the Galileo Project is designing, building, and commissioning a multi-modal ground-based o... | {
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2411.07957 | Tukey g-and-h neural network regression for non-Gaussian data | [
"stat.ML",
"cs.LG"
] | This paper addresses non-Gaussian regression with neural networks via the use of the Tukey g-and-h distribution.The Tukey g-and-h transform is a flexible parametric transform with two parameters $g$ and $h$ which, when applied to a standard normal random variable, introduces both skewness and kurtosis, resulting in a d... | {
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2411.07959 | On the Convergence of Continual Federated Learning Using Incrementally
Aggregated Gradients | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.DC"
] | The holy grail of machine learning is to enable Continual Federated Learning (CFL) to enhance the efficiency, privacy, and scalability of AI systems while learning from streaming data. The primary challenge of a CFL system is to overcome global catastrophic forgetting, wherein the accuracy of the global model trained o... | {
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2411.07964 | Sleep Staging from Airflow Signals Using Fourier Approximations of
Persistence Curves | [
"cs.LG"
] | Sleep staging is a challenging task, typically manually performed by sleep technologists based on electroencephalogram and other biosignals of patients taken during overnight sleep studies. Recent work aims to leverage automated algorithms to perform sleep staging not based on electroencephalogram signals, but rather b... | {
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2411.07965 | SHARP: Unlocking Interactive Hallucination via Stance Transfer in
Role-Playing Agents | [
"cs.CL"
] | The advanced role-playing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for developing Role-Playing Agents (RPAs). However, existing benchmarks in social interaction such as HPD and SocialBench have not investigated hallucination and face limitations like poor generalizability and implicit judgments f... | {
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2411.07971 | Optimal Control of Mechanical Ventilators with Learned Respiratory
Dynamics | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.LG",
"cs.SY"
] | Deciding on appropriate mechanical ventilator management strategies significantly impacts the health outcomes for patients with respiratory diseases. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is one such disease that requires careful ventilator operation to be effectively treated. In this work, we frame the management... | {
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2411.07975 | JanusFlow: Harmonizing Autoregression and Rectified Flow for Unified
Multimodal Understanding and Generation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL"
] | We present JanusFlow, a powerful framework that unifies image understanding and generation in a single model. JanusFlow introduces a minimalist architecture that integrates autoregressive language models with rectified flow, a state-of-the-art method in generative modeling. Our key finding demonstrates that rectified f... | {
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2411.07976 | DINO-LG: A Task-Specific DINO Model for Coronary Calcium Scoring | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Coronary artery disease (CAD), one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, necessitates effective risk assessment strategies, with coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring via computed tomography (CT) being a key method for prevention. Traditional methods, primarily based on UNET architectures implemented on pre-bui... | {
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2411.07978 | A Note on Doubly Robust Estimator in Regression Discontinuity Designs | [
"econ.EM",
"cs.LG",
"math.ST",
"stat.ME",
"stat.ML",
"stat.TH"
] | This note introduces a doubly robust (DR) estimator for regression discontinuity (RD) designs. RD designs provide a quasi-experimental framework for estimating treatment effects, where treatment assignment depends on whether a running variable surpasses a predefined cutoff. A common approach in RD estimation is the use... | {
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2411.07979 | Exact, Tractable Gauss-Newton Optimization in Deep Reversible
Architectures Reveal Poor Generalization | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | Second-order optimization has been shown to accelerate the training of deep neural networks in many applications, often yielding faster progress per iteration on the training loss compared to first-order optimizers. However, the generalization properties of second-order methods are still being debated. Theoretical inve... | {
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2411.07983 | Gini Coefficient as a Unified Metric for Evaluating Many-versus-Many
Similarity in Vector Spaces | [
"cs.AI"
] | We demonstrate that Gini coefficients can be used as unified metrics to evaluate many-versus-many (all-to-all) similarity in vector spaces. Our analysis of various image datasets shows that images with the highest Gini coefficients tend to be the most similar to one another, while images with the lowest Gini coefficien... | {
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2411.07990 | Derivational Morphology Reveals Analogical Generalization in Large
Language Models | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | What mechanisms underlie linguistic generalization in large language models (LLMs)? This question has attracted considerable attention, with most studies analyzing the extent to which the language skills of LLMs resemble rules. As of yet, it is not known whether linguistic generalization in LLMs could equally well be e... | {
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2411.07998 | A Symmetry-Preserving Reduced-Order Observer | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | A symmetry-preserving, reduced-order state observer is presented for the unmeasured part of a system's state, where the nonlinear system dynamics exhibit symmetry under the action of a Lie group. The proposed observer takes advantage of this symmetry through the use of a moving frame that constructs invariant mappings ... | {
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2411.08003 | Can adversarial attacks by large language models be attributed? | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL",
"cs.CY",
"cs.FL"
] | Attributing outputs from Large Language Models (LLMs) in adversarial settings-such as cyberattacks and disinformation-presents significant challenges that are likely to grow in importance. We investigate this attribution problem using formal language theory, specifically language identification in the limit as introduc... | {
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2411.08010 | ExpressivityArena: Can LLMs Express Information Implicitly? | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in certain dimensions, their ability to express implicit language cues that human use for effective communication remains unclear. This paper presents ExpressivityArena, a Python library for measuring the implicit communication abilities of LLM... | {
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2411.08013 | Investigating the Effectiveness of Explainability Methods in Parkinson's
Detection from Speech | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"eess.AS"
] | Speech impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) provide significant early indicators for diagnosis. While models for speech-based PD detection have shown strong performance, their interpretability remains underexplored. This study systematically evaluates several explainability methods to identify PD-specific speech fea... | {
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2411.08014 | Artistic Neural Style Transfer Algorithms with Activation Smoothing | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | The works of Gatys et al. demonstrated the capability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in creating artistic style images. This process of transferring content images in different styles is called Neural Style Transfer (NST). In this paper, we re-implement image-based NST, fast NST, and arbitrary NST. We also exp... | {
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2411.08017 | Wavelet Latent Diffusion (Wala): Billion-Parameter 3D Generative Model
with Compact Wavelet Encodings | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Large-scale 3D generative models require substantial computational resources yet often fall short in capturing fine details and complex geometries at high resolutions. We attribute this limitation to the inefficiency of current representations, which lack the compactness required to model the generative models effectiv... | {
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2411.08019 | Language Models as Causal Effect Generators | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"stat.AP",
"stat.ME",
"stat.ML"
] | We present a framework for large language model (LLM) based data generation with controllable causal structure. In particular, we define a procedure for turning any language model and any directed acyclic graph (DAG) into a sequence-driven structural causal model (SD-SCM). Broadly speaking, an SD-SCM is a causal model ... | {
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2411.08024 | Leonardo vindicated: Pythagorean trees for minimal reconstruction of the
natural branching structures | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Trees continue to fascinate with their natural beauty and as engineering masterpieces optimal with respect to several independent criteria. Pythagorean tree is a well-known fractal design that realistically mimics the natural tree branching structures. We study various types of Pythagorean-like fractal trees with diffe... | {
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2411.08025 | Degradation mode estimation using reconstructed open circuit voltage
curves from multi-year home storage field data | [
"eess.SY",
"cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
"cs.SY"
] | A battery's open circuit voltage (OCV) curve can be seen as its electrochemical signature. Its shape and age-related shift provide information on aging processes and material composition on both electrodes. However, most OCV analyses have to be conducted in laboratories or specified field tests to ensure suitable data ... | {
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2411.08027 | LLMPhy: Complex Physical Reasoning Using Large Language Models and World
Models | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV",
"cs.RO"
] | Physical reasoning is an important skill needed for robotic agents when operating in the real world. However, solving such reasoning problems often involves hypothesizing and reflecting over complex multi-body interactions under the effect of a multitude of physical forces and thus learning all such interactions poses ... | {
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2411.08028 | Learning with Less: Knowledge Distillation from Large Language Models
via Unlabeled Data | [
"cs.AI"
] | In real-world NLP applications, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising solutions due to their extensive training on vast datasets. However, the large size and high computation demands of LLMs limit their practicality in many applications, especially when further fine-tuning is required. To address these limitatio... | {
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2411.08033 | GaussianAnything: Interactive Point Cloud Latent Diffusion for 3D
Generation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.GR"
] | While 3D content generation has advanced significantly, existing methods still face challenges with input formats, latent space design, and output representations. This paper introduces a novel 3D generation framework that addresses these challenges, offering scalable, high-quality 3D generation with an interactive Poi... | {
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2411.08034 | Scaling Properties of Diffusion Models for Perceptual Tasks | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | In this paper, we argue that iterative computation with diffusion models offers a powerful paradigm for not only generation but also visual perception tasks. We unify tasks such as depth estimation, optical flow, and amodal segmentation under the framework of image-to-image translation, and show how diffusion models be... | {
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2411.08037 | Material Transforms from Disentangled NeRF Representations | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | In this paper, we first propose a novel method for transferring material transformations across different scenes. Building on disentangled Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) representations, our approach learns to map Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions (BRDF) from pairs of scenes observed in varying conditions,... | {
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2411.08040 | The Universal PDDL Domain | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.LO"
] | In AI planning, it is common to distinguish between planning domains and problem instances, where a "domain" is generally understood as a set of related problem instances. This distinction is important, for example, in generalised planning, which aims to find a single, general plan or policy that solves all instances o... | {
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2411.08041 | GraphAide: Advanced Graph-Assisted Query and Reasoning System | [
"cs.DB",
"cs.AI"
] | Curating knowledge from multiple siloed sources that contain both structured and unstructured data is a major challenge in many real-world applications. Pattern matching and querying represent fundamental tasks in modern data analytics that leverage this curated knowledge. The development of such applications necessita... | {
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2411.08048 | Equitable Length of Stay Prediction for Patients with Learning
Disabilities and Multiple Long-term Conditions Using Machine Learning | [
"cs.LG",
"stat.AP"
] | People with learning disabilities have a higher mortality rate and premature deaths compared to the general public, as reported in published research in the UK and other countries. This study analyses hospitalisations of 9,618 patients identified with learning disabilities and long-term conditions for the population of... | {
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2411.08052 | Mobility-based Traffic Forecasting in a Multimodal Transport System | [
"physics.soc-ph",
"cs.LG",
"cs.SI",
"stat.AP",
"stat.ML"
] | We study the analysis of all the movements of the population on the basis of their mobility from one node to another, to observe, measure, and predict the impact of traffic according to this mobility. The frequency of congestion on roads directly or indirectly impacts our economic or social welfare. Our work focuses on... | {
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2411.08054 | GREI Data Repository AI Taxonomy | [
"cs.DL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | The Generalist Repository Ecosystem Initiative (GREI), funded by the NIH, developed an AI taxonomy tailored to data repository roles to guide AI integration across repository management. It categorizes the roles into stages, including acquisition, validation, organization, enhancement, analysis, sharing, and user suppo... | {
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2411.08059 | Segmentized quarantine policy for managing a tradeoff between
containment of infectious disease and social cost of quarantine | [
"q-bio.PE",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] | By the end of 2021, COVID-19 had spread to over 230 countries, with over 5.4 million deaths. To contain its spread, many countries implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions, notably contact tracing and self-quarantine policies. However, these measures came with significant social costs, highlighting the need for mor... | {
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2411.08060 | FuzzRisk: Online Collision Risk Estimation for Autonomous Vehicles based
on Depth-Aware Object Detection via Fuzzy Inference | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | This paper presents a novel monitoring framework that infers the level of collision risk for autonomous vehicles (AVs) based on their object detection performance. The framework takes two sets of predictions from different algorithms and associates their inconsistencies with the collision risk via fuzzy inference. The ... | {
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2411.08063 | MatPilot: an LLM-enabled AI Materials Scientist under the Framework of
Human-Machine Collaboration | [
"physics.soc-ph",
"cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
"cs.AI"
] | The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence, particularly large language models, presents unprecedented opportunities for materials science research. We proposed and developed an AI materials scientist named MatPilot, which has shown encouraging abilities in the discovery of new materials. The core strength of MatPi... | {
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2411.08069 | Intelligent Green Efficiency for Intrusion Detection | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.LG",
"cs.PF"
] | Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged in popularity recently, recording great progress in various industries. However, the environmental impact of AI is a growing concern, in terms of the energy consumption and carbon footprint of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models, making essential investigate Gree... | {
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2411.08070 | Multi-Objective Algorithms for Learning Open-Ended Robotic Problems | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.NE"
] | Quadrupedal locomotion is a complex, open-ended problem vital to expanding autonomous vehicle reach. Traditional reinforcement learning approaches often fall short due to training instability and sample inefficiency. We propose a novel method leveraging multi-objective evolutionary algorithms as an automatic curriculum... | {
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2411.08072 | Modeling variable guide efficiency in pooled CRISPR screens with
ContrastiveVI+ | [
"q-bio.QM",
"cs.LG",
"q-bio.GN",
"stat.ML"
] | Genetic screens mediated via CRISPR-Cas9 combined with high-content readouts have emerged as powerful tools for biological discovery. However, computational analyses of these screens come with additional challenges beyond those found with standard scRNA-seq analyses. For example, perturbation-induced variations of inte... | {
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2411.08073 | LoRA-BERT: a Natural Language Processing Model for Robust and Accurate
Prediction of long non-coding RNAs | [
"q-bio.GN",
"cs.LG"
] | Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as crucial regulators in numerous biological processes. Although they share sequence similarities with messenger RNAs (mRNAs), lncRNAs perform entirely different roles, providing new avenues for biological research. The emergence of next-generation sequencing technologies has greatl... | {
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2411.08077 | DBgDel: Database-Enhanced Gene Deletion Framework for Growth-Coupled
Production in Genome-Scale Metabolic Models | [
"q-bio.QM",
"cs.DB"
] | When simulating metabolite productions with genome-scale constraint-based metabolic models, gene deletion strategies are necessary to achieve growth-coupled production, which means cell growth and target metabolite production occur simultaneously. Since obtaining gene deletion strategies for large genome-scale models s... | {
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2411.08082 | Explainable Deep Learning Framework for SERS Bio-quantification | [
"q-bio.QM",
"cs.LG",
"q-bio.OT"
] | Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a potential fast and inexpensive method of analyte quantification, which can be combined with deep learning to discover biomarker-disease relationships. This study aims to address present challenges of SERS through a novel SERS bio-quantification framework, including spectr... | {
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2411.08085 | Deep Learning 2.0: Artificial Neurons That Matter -- Reject Correlation,
Embrace Orthogonality | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CV",
"math.GN"
] | We introduce a yat-product-powered neural network, the Neural Matter Network (NMN), a breakthrough in deep learning that achieves non-linear pattern recognition without activation functions. Our key innovation relies on the yat-product and yat-product, which naturally induces non-linearity by projecting inputs into a p... | {
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2411.08126 | A Tale of Two Cities: Pessimism and Opportunism in Offline Dynamic
Pricing | [
"stat.ML",
"cs.LG"
] | This paper studies offline dynamic pricing without data coverage assumption, thereby allowing for any price including the optimal one not being observed in the offline data. Previous approaches that rely on the various coverage assumptions such as that the optimal prices are observable, would lead to suboptimal decisio... | {
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2411.08127 | TIPO: Text to Image with Text Presampling for Prompt Optimization | [
"cs.CV"
] | TIPO (Text to Image with text pre-sampling for Prompt Optimization) is an innovative framework designed to enhance text-to-image (T2I) generation by language model (LM) for automatic prompt engineering. By refining and extending user-provided prompts, TIPO bridges the gap between simple inputs and the detailed prompts ... | {
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2411.08128 | CameraHMR: Aligning People with Perspective | [
"cs.CV"
] | We address the challenge of accurate 3D human pose and shape estimation from monocular images. The key to accuracy and robustness lies in high-quality training data. Existing training datasets containing real images with pseudo ground truth (pGT) use SMPLify to fit SMPL to sparse 2D joint locations, assuming a simplifi... | {
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2411.08133 | Impactful Bit-Flip Search on Full-precision Models | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CR"
] | Neural networks have shown remarkable performance in various tasks, yet they remain susceptible to subtle changes in their input or model parameters. One particularly impactful vulnerability arises through the Bit-Flip Attack (BFA), where flipping a small number of critical bits in a model's parameters can severely deg... | {
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2411.08135 | On the Role of Speech Data in Reducing Toxicity Detection Bias | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"cs.SD",
"eess.AS"
] | Text toxicity detection systems exhibit significant biases, producing disproportionate rates of false positives on samples mentioning demographic groups. But what about toxicity detection in speech? To investigate the extent to which text-based biases are mitigated by speech-based systems, we produce a set of high-qual... | {
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2411.08136 | Simultaneous Locomotion Mode Classification and Continuous Gait Phase
Estimation for Transtibial Prostheses | [
"cs.RO"
] | Recognizing and identifying human locomotion is a critical step to ensuring fluent control of wearable robots, such as transtibial prostheses. In particular, classifying the intended locomotion mode and estimating the gait phase are key. In this work, a novel, interpretable, and computationally efficient algorithm is p... | {
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2411.08138 | Emergent field theories from neural networks | [
"hep-th",
"cs.LG"
] | We establish a duality relation between Hamiltonian systems and neural network-based learning systems. We show that the Hamilton-Jacobi equations for position and momentum variables correspond to the equations governing the activation dynamics of non-trainable variables and the learning dynamics of trainable variables.... | {
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2411.08144 | Visual Tracking with Intermittent Visibility: Switched Control Design
and Implementation | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] | This paper addresses the problem of visual target tracking in scenarios where a pursuer may experience intermittent loss of visibility of the target. The design of a Switched Visual Tracker (SVT) is presented which aims to meet the competing requirements of maintaining both proximity and visibility. SVT alternates betw... | {
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2411.08147 | Large Language Models Can Self-Improve in Long-context Reasoning | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial progress in processing long contexts but still struggle with long-context reasoning. Existing approaches typically involve fine-tuning LLMs with synthetic data, which depends on annotations from human experts or advanced models like GPT-4, thus restricting further ... | {
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2411.08148 | Adaptive Meta-Learning for Robust Deepfake Detection: A Multi-Agent
Framework to Data Drift and Model Generalization | [
"cs.AI"
] | Pioneering advancements in artificial intelligence, especially in genAI, have enabled significant possibilities for content creation, but also led to widespread misinformation and false content. The growing sophistication and realism of deepfakes is raising concerns about privacy invasion, identity theft, and has socie... | {
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2411.08149 | Design optimization of semiconductor manufacturing equipment using a
novel multi-fidelity surrogate modeling approach | [
"cs.CE"
] | Careful design of semiconductor manufacturing equipment is crucial for ensuring the performance, yield, and reliability of semiconductor devices. Despite this, numerical optimization methods are seldom applied to optimize the design of such equipment due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate simulation models. In thi... | {
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2411.08156 | Optimal Constant Climb Airspeed with Variable Cost Index for
All-electric Aircraft | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This paper presents for the first time an approach to minimize direct operational costs (DOC) for all-electric aircraft during the climb phase, introducing a time-varying cost index (CI). The CI is modeled as a dynamic parameter commanded by Air Traffic Control (ATC), allowing the aircraft to maintain a constant airspe... | {
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2411.08158 | TomoGRAF: A Robust and Generalizable Reconstruction Network for
Single-View Computed Tomography | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | Computed tomography (CT) provides high spatial resolution visualization of 3D structures for scientific and clinical applications. Traditional analytical/iterative CT reconstruction algorithms require hundreds of angular data samplings, a condition that may not be met in practice due to physical and mechanical limitati... | {
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2411.08161 | Shaping Frequency Dynamics in Modern Power Systems with Grid-forming
Converters | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | In this paper, frequency dynamics in modern power systems with a high penetration of converter-based generation is analysed. A fundamental analysis of the frequency dynamics is performed to identify the limitations and challenges when the converter penetration is increased. The voltage-source behaviour is found as an e... | {
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2411.08163 | Emergent functional dynamics of link-bots | [
"cond-mat.soft",
"cs.RO"
] | Synthetic active collectives, composed of many nonliving individuals capable of cooperative changes in group shape and dynamics, hold promise for practical applications and for the elucidation of guiding principles of natural collectives. However, the design of collective robotic systems that operate effectively withou... | {
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2411.08164 | EAPCR: A Universal Feature Extractor for Scientific Data without
Explicit Feature Relation Patterns | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CV"
] | Conventional methods, including Decision Tree (DT)-based methods, have been effective in scientific tasks, such as non-image medical diagnostics, system anomaly detection, and inorganic catalysis efficiency prediction. However, most deep-learning techniques have struggled to surpass or even match this level of success ... | {
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2411.08165 | Retrieval, Reasoning, Re-ranking: A Context-Enriched Framework for
Knowledge Graph Completion | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL"
] | The Knowledge Graph Completion~(KGC) task aims to infer the missing entity from an incomplete triple. Existing embedding-based methods rely solely on triples in the KG, which is vulnerable to specious relation patterns and long-tail entities. On the other hand, text-based methods struggle with the semantic gap between ... | {
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} |
2411.08166 | Tackling Polysemanticity with Neuron Embeddings | [
"cs.LG"
] | We present neuron embeddings, a representation that can be used to tackle polysemanticity by identifying the distinct semantic behaviours in a neuron's characteristic dataset examples, making downstream manual or automatic interpretation much easier. We apply our method to GPT2-small, and provide a UI for exploring the... | {
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} |
2411.08167 | Multi-Agent Stochastic Bandits Robust to Adversarial Corruptions | [
"cs.LG",
"stat.ML"
] | We study the problem of multi-agent multi-armed bandits with adversarial corruption in a heterogeneous setting, where each agent accesses a subset of arms. The adversary can corrupt the reward observations for all agents. Agents share these corrupted rewards with each other, and the objective is to maximize the cumulat... | {
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} |
2411.08169 | Point Cloud Context Analysis for Rehabilitation Grasping Assistance | [
"cs.RO"
] | Controlling hand exoskeletons for assisting impaired patients in grasping tasks is challenging because it is difficult to infer user intent. We hypothesize that majority of daily grasping tasks fall into a small set of categories or modes which can be inferred through real-time analysis of environmental geometry from 3... | {
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} |
2411.08171 | Comprehensive and Comparative Analysis between Transfer Learning and
Custom Built VGG and CNN-SVM Models for Wildfire Detection | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | Contemporary Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) research places a significant emphasis on transfer learning, showcasing its transformative potential in enhancing model performance across diverse domains. This paper examines the efficiency and effectiveness of transfer learning in the context of wild... | {
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} |
2411.08172 | Fault Localization in Deep Learning-based Software: A System-level
Approach | [
"cs.SE",
"cs.LG"
] | Over the past decade, Deep Learning (DL) has become an integral part of our daily lives. This surge in DL usage has heightened the need for developing reliable DL software systems. Given that fault localization is a critical task in reliability assessment, researchers have proposed several fault localization techniques... | {
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} |
2411.08177 | Erasure Decoding for Quantum LDPC Codes via Belief Propagation with
Guided Decimation | [
"cs.IT",
"math.IT",
"quant-ph"
] | Quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a promising family of quantum error-correcting codes for fault tolerant quantum computing with low overhead. Decoding quantum LDPC codes on quantum erasure channels has received more attention recently due to advances in erasure conversion for various types of qubits in... | {
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} |
2411.08181 | Challenges in Guardrailing Large Language Models for Science | [
"cs.AI"
] | The rapid development in large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of natural language processing and understanding (NLP/NLU), offering significant benefits across various domains. However, when applied to scientific research, these powerful models exhibit critical failure modes related to scientific i... | {
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} |
2411.08182 | SCORE: Syntactic Code Representations for Static Script Malware
Detection | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | As businesses increasingly adopt cloud technologies, they also need to be aware of new security challenges, such as server-side script attacks, to ensure the integrity of their systems and data. These scripts can steal data, compromise credentials, and disrupt operations. Unlike executables with standardized formats (e... | {
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} |
2411.08187 | TractoEmbed: Modular Multi-level Embedding framework for white matter
tract segmentation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | White matter tract segmentation is crucial for studying brain structural connectivity and neurosurgical planning. However, segmentation remains challenging due to issues like class imbalance between major and minor tracts, structural similarity, subject variability, symmetric streamlines between hemispheres etc. To add... | {
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} |
2411.08190 | Collision-Free Multi-Agent Coverage Control for Non-Cooperating Swarms:
Preliminary Results | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | The main contribution of this paper is a methodology for multiple non-cooperating swarms of unmanned aerial vehicles to independently cover a common area. In contrast to previous research on coverage control involving more than one swarm, this paper does not assume cooperation between distinct groups but considers them... | {
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} |
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