id stringlengths 9 16 | title stringlengths 4 278 | categories listlengths 1 13 | abstract stringlengths 3 4.08k | filtered_category_membership dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2412.00323 | Cognitive Biases in Large Language Models: A Survey and Mitigation
Experiments | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on large corpora written by humans and demonstrate high performance on various tasks. However, as humans are susceptible to cognitive biases, which can result in irrational judgments, LLMs can also be influenced by these biases, leading to irrational decision-making. For example... | {
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2412.00324 | Robust Table Integration in Data Lakes | [
"cs.DB",
"cs.IR",
"cs.LG"
] | In this paper, we investigate the challenge of integrating tables from data lakes, focusing on three core tasks: 1) pairwise integrability judgment, which determines whether a tuple pair in a table is integrable, accounting for any occurrences of semantic equivalence or typographical errors; 2) integrable set discovery... | {
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2412.00325 | MusicGen-Chord: Advancing Music Generation through Chord Progressions
and Interactive Web-UI | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"eess.AS"
] | MusicGen is a music generation language model (LM) that can be conditioned on textual descriptions and melodic features. We introduce MusicGen-Chord, which extends this capability by incorporating chord progression features. This model modifies one-hot encoded melody chroma vectors into multi-hot encoded chord chroma v... | {
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2412.00328 | Differentiable High-Order Markov Models for Spectrum Prediction | [
"eess.SP",
"cs.LG"
] | The advent of deep learning and recurrent neural networks revolutionized the field of time-series processing. Therefore, recent research on spectrum prediction has focused on the use of these tools. However, spectrum prediction, which involves forecasting wireless spectrum availability, is an older field where many "cl... | {
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2412.00333 | Gaussians on their Way: Wasserstein-Constrained 4D Gaussian Splatting
with State-Space Modeling | [
"cs.CV"
] | Dynamic scene rendering has taken a leap forward with the rise of 4D Gaussian Splatting, but there's still one elusive challenge: how to make 3D Gaussians move through time as naturally as they would in the real world, all while keeping the motion smooth and consistent. In this paper, we unveil a fresh approach that bl... | {
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2412.00334 | EFTViT: Efficient Federated Training of Vision Transformers with Masked
Images on Resource-Constrained Edge Devices | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | Federated learning research has recently shifted from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to Vision Transformers (ViTs) due to their superior capacity. ViTs training demands higher computational resources due to the lack of 2D inductive biases inherent in CNNs. However, efficient federated training of ViTs on resource... | {
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2412.00341 | Fusing Physics-Driven Strategies and Cross-Modal Adversarial Learning:
Toward Multi-Domain Applications | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | The convergence of cross-modal adversarial learning and physics-driven methods represents a cutting-edge direction for tackling challenges in complex multi-modal tasks and scientific computing. This review focuses on systematically analyzing how these two approaches can be synergistically integrated to enhance performa... | {
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2412.00342 | Empowering the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community: Enhancing Video
Captions Using Large Language Models | [
"cs.AI"
] | In today's digital age, video content is prevalent, serving as a primary source of information, education, and entertainment. However, the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) community often faces significant challenges in accessing video content due to the inadequacy of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in providi... | {
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2412.00343 | Nonlinearity and Uncertainty Informed Moment-Matching Gaussian Mixture
Splitting | [
"stat.ML",
"cs.LG",
"eess.SP"
] | Many problems in navigation and tracking require increasingly accurate characterizations of the evolution of uncertainty in nonlinear systems. Nonlinear uncertainty propagation approaches based on Gaussian mixture density approximations offer distinct advantages over sampling based methods in their computational cost a... | {
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2412.00345 | Mechanism design with multi-armed bandit | [
"cs.GT",
"cs.LG"
] | A popular approach of automated mechanism design is to formulate a linear program (LP) whose solution gives a mechanism with desired properties. We analytically derive a class of optimal solutions for such an LP that gives mechanisms achieving standard properties of efficiency, incentive compatibility, strong budget ba... | {
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2412.00346 | CaDA: Cross-Problem Routing Solver with Constraint-Aware Dual-Attention | [
"cs.AI"
] | Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) are significant Combinatorial Optimization (CO) problems holding substantial practical importance. Recently, Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO), which involves training deep learning models on extensive data to learn vehicle routing heuristics, has emerged as a promising approach du... | {
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2412.00348 | Vision Technologies with Applications in Traffic Surveillance Systems: A
Holistic Survey | [
"cs.CV"
] | Traffic Surveillance Systems (TSS) have become increasingly crucial in modern intelligent transportation systems, with vision-based technologies playing a central role for scene perception and understanding. While existing surveys typically focus on isolated aspects of TSS, a comprehensive analysis bridging low-level a... | {
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2412.00351 | Multi-scale Feature Enhancement in Multi-task Learning for Medical Image
Analysis | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | Traditional deep learning methods in medical imaging often focus solely on segmentation or classification, limiting their ability to leverage shared information. Multi-task learning (MTL) addresses this by combining both tasks through shared representations but often struggles to balance local spatial features for segm... | {
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2412.00353 | Enhancing Zero-shot Chain of Thought Prompting via Uncertainty-Guided
Strategy Selection | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has significantly enhanced the capability of large language models (LLMs) by structuring their reasoning processes. However, existing methods face critical limitations: handcrafted demonstrations require extensive human expertise, while trigger phrases are prone to inaccuracies. In this... | {
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2412.00354 | On the Role of Noise in Factorizers for Disentangling Distributed
Representations | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | To efficiently factorize high-dimensional distributed representations to the constituent atomic vectors, one can exploit the compute-in-superposition capabilities of vector-symbolic architectures (VSA). Such factorizers however suffer from the phenomenon of limit cycles. Applying noise during the iterative decoding i... | {
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2412.00357 | Safety Alignment Backfires: Preventing the Re-emergence of Suppressed
Concepts in Fine-tuned Text-to-Image Diffusion Models | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Fine-tuning text-to-image diffusion models is widely used for personalization and adaptation for new domains. In this paper, we identify a critical vulnerability of fine-tuning: safety alignment methods designed to filter harmful content (e.g., nudity) can break down during fine-tuning, allowing previously suppressed c... | {
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2412.00359 | Does Self-Attention Need Separate Weights in Transformers? | [
"cs.CL"
] | The success of self-attention lies in its ability to capture long-range dependencies and enhance context understanding, but it is limited by its computational complexity and challenges in handling sequential data with inherent directionality. This work introduces a shared weight self-attention-based BERT model that onl... | {
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2412.00363 | Probabilistic Prediction of Ship Maneuvering Motion using Ensemble
Learning with Feedforward Neural Networks | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.RO",
"cs.SY"
] | In the field of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), the accurate modeling of ship maneuvering motion for harbor maneuvers is a crucial technology. Non-parametric system identification (SI) methods, which do not require prior knowledge of the target ship, have the potential to produce accurate maneuvering models u... | {
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2412.00364 | LMSeg: Unleashing the Power of Large-Scale Models for Open-Vocabulary
Semantic Segmentation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | It is widely agreed that open-vocabulary-based approaches outperform classical closed-set training solutions for recognizing unseen objects in images for semantic segmentation. Existing open-vocabulary approaches leverage vision-language models, such as CLIP, to align visual features with rich semantic features acquire... | {
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2412.00366 | Efficient Multi-Robot Motion Planning for Manifold-Constrained
Manipulators by Randomized Scheduling and Informed Path Generation | [
"cs.RO"
] | Multi-robot motion planning for high degree-of-freedom manipulators in shared, constrained, and narrow spaces is a complex problem and essential for many scenarios such as construction, surgery, and more. Traditional coupled and decoupled methods either scale poorly or lack completeness, and hybrid methods that compose... | {
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2412.00369 | Random Cycle Coding: Lossless Compression of Cluster Assignments via
Bits-Back Coding | [
"cs.LG"
] | We present an optimal method for encoding cluster assignments of arbitrary data sets. Our method, Random Cycle Coding (RCC), encodes data sequentially and sends assignment information as cycles of the permutation defined by the order of encoded elements. RCC does not require any training and its worst-case complexity s... | {
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2412.00372 | 2-Factor Retrieval for Improved Human-AI Decision Making in Radiology | [
"cs.HC",
"cs.AI"
] | Human-machine teaming in medical AI requires us to understand to what degree a trained clinician should weigh AI predictions. While previous work has shown the potential of AI assistance at improving clinical predictions, existing clinical decision support systems either provide no explainability of their predictions o... | {
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2412.00373 | Approximate Fiber Product: A Preliminary Algebraic-Geometric Perspective
on Multimodal Embedding Alignment | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"math.AG"
] | Multimodal tasks, such as image-text retrieval and generation, require embedding data from diverse modalities into a shared representation space. Aligning embeddings from heterogeneous sources while preserving shared and modality-specific information is a fundamental challenge. This paper provides an initial attempt to... | {
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2412.00374 | LQ-Adapter: ViT-Adapter with Learnable Queries for Gallbladder Cancer
Detection from Ultrasound Image | [
"cs.CV"
] | We focus on the problem of Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) detection from Ultrasound (US) images. The problem presents unique challenges to modern Deep Neural Network (DNN) techniques due to low image quality arising from noise, textures, and viewpoint variations. Tackling such challenges would necessitate precise localizatio... | {
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2412.00375 | Implementation of neural network operators with applications to remote
sensing data | [
"math.NA",
"cs.CV",
"cs.NA"
] | In this paper, we provide two algorithms based on the theory of multidimensional neural network (NN) operators activated by hyperbolic tangent sigmoidal functions. Theoretical results are recalled to justify the performance of the here implemented algorithms. Specifically, the first algorithm models multidimensional si... | {
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2412.00378 | Bi-Band ECoGNet for ECoG Decoding on Classification Task | [
"math.NA",
"cs.CV",
"cs.NA"
] | In the application of brain-computer interface (BCI), being able to accurately decode brain signals is a critical task. For the multi-class classification task of brain signal ECoG, how to improve the classification accuracy is one of the current research hotspots. ECoG acquisition uses a high-density electrode array a... | {
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2412.00381 | DogLayout: Denoising Diffusion GAN for Discrete and Continuous Layout
Generation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Layout Generation aims to synthesize plausible arrangements from given elements. Currently, the predominant methods in layout generation are Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and diffusion models, each presenting its own set of challenges. GANs typically struggle with handling discrete data due to their requiremen... | {
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2412.00382 | Toward Fair Graph Neural Networks Via Dual-Teacher Knowledge
Distillation | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CY",
"stat.ML"
] | Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong performance in graph representation learning across various real-world applications. However, they often produce biased predictions caused by sensitive attributes, such as religion or gender, an issue that has been largely overlooked in existing methods. Recently, n... | {
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2412.00383 | Unified Parameter-Efficient Unlearning for LLMs | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, enabling advanced understanding and reasoning capabilities across a variety of tasks. Fine-tuning these models for specific domains, particularly through Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) strategies like LoRA, has become a p... | {
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2412.00386 | Strategic Application of AIGC for UAV Trajectory Design: A Channel
Knowledge Map Approach | [
"cs.AI"
] | Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly utilized in wireless communication, yet accurate channel loss prediction remains a significant challenge, limiting resource optimization performance. To address this issue, this paper leverages Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) for the efficient constructi... | {
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2412.00387 | A generalization of Burmester-Desmedt GKE based on a non-abelian finite
group action | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | The advent of large-scale quantum computers implies that our existing public-key cryptography infrastructure has become insecure. That means that the privacy of many mobile applications involving dynamic peer groups, such as multicast messaging or pay-per-view, could be compromised. In this work we propose a generaliza... | {
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2412.00392 | GradiSeg: Gradient-Guided Gaussian Segmentation with Enhanced 3D
Boundary Precision | [
"cs.CV"
] | While 3D Gaussian Splatting enables high-quality real-time rendering, existing Gaussian-based frameworks for 3D semantic segmentation still face significant challenges in boundary recognition accuracy. To address this, we propose a novel 3DGS-based framework named GradiSeg, incorporating Identity Encoding to construct ... | {
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2412.00393 | Advancing Object-Centric Process Mining with Multi-Dimensional Data
Operations | [
"cs.DB"
] | Analyzing process data at varying levels of granularity is important to derive actionable insights and support informed decision-making. Object-Centric Event Data (OCED) enhances process mining by capturing interactions among multiple objects within events, leading to the discovery of more detailed and realistic yet co... | {
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2412.00395 | On Foundation Models for Dynamical Systems from Purely Synthetic Data | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.RO",
"stat.ML"
] | Foundation models have demonstrated remarkable generalization, data efficiency, and robustness properties across various domains. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of foundation models for applications in the control domain. The success of these models is enabled by large-scale pretaining on Internet-scale data... | {
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2412.00396 | ARMOR: Egocentric Perception for Humanoid Robot Collision Avoidance and
Motion Planning | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.LG"
] | Humanoid robots have significant gaps in their sensing and perception, making it hard to perform motion planning in dense environments. To address this, we introduce ARMOR, a novel egocentric perception system that integrates both hardware and software, specifically incorporating wearable-like depth sensors for humanoi... | {
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2412.00397 | DreamDance: Animating Human Images by Enriching 3D Geometry Cues from 2D
Poses | [
"cs.CV"
] | In this work, we present DreamDance, a novel method for animating human images using only skeleton pose sequences as conditional inputs. Existing approaches struggle with generating coherent, high-quality content in an efficient and user-friendly manner. Concretely, baseline methods relying on only 2D pose guidance lac... | {
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2412.00401 | PAL -- Parallel active learning for machine-learned potentials | [
"cs.LG",
"cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
"cs.DC",
"physics.chem-ph",
"physics.comp-ph"
] | Constructing datasets representative of the target domain is essential for training effective machine learning models. Active learning (AL) is a promising method that iteratively extends training data to enhance model performance while minimizing data acquisition costs. However, current AL workflows often require human... | {
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2412.00402 | DroidCall: A Dataset for LLM-powered Android Intent Invocation | [
"cs.AI"
] | The growing capabilities of large language models in natural language understanding significantly strengthen existing agentic systems. To power performant on-device mobile agents for better data privacy, we introduce DroidCall, the first training and testing dataset for accurate Android intent invocation. With a highly... | {
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2412.00403 | Fine-Tuning Pre-trained Large Time Series Models for Prediction of Wind
Turbine SCADA Data | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CE"
] | The remarkable achievements of large models in the fields of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV) have sparked interest in their application to time series forecasting within industrial contexts. This paper explores the application of a pre-trained large time series model, Timer, which was initial... | {
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2412.00404 | Hard-Label Black-Box Attacks on 3D Point Clouds | [
"cs.CV"
] | With the maturity of depth sensors in various 3D safety-critical applications, 3D point cloud models have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Almost all existing 3D attackers simply follow the white-box or black-box setting to iteratively update coordinate perturbations based on back-propagated or estim... | {
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2412.00408 | QuAKE: Speeding up Model Inference Using Quick and Approximate Kernels
for Exponential Non-Linearities | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.NA",
"cs.NE",
"math.NA"
] | As machine learning gets deployed more and more widely, and model sizes continue to grow, improving computational efficiency during model inference has become a key challenge. In many commonly used model architectures, including Transformers, a significant portion of the inference computation is comprised of exponentia... | {
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2412.00410 | Federated Progressive Self-Distillation with Logits Calibration for
Personalized IIoT Edge Intelligence | [
"cs.AI"
] | Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) focuses on tailoring models to individual IIoT clients in federated learning by addressing data heterogeneity and diverse user needs. Although existing studies have proposed effective PFL solutions from various perspectives, they overlook the issue of forgetting both historical per... | {
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2412.00418 | Mixture of Experts for Node Classification | [
"cs.SI",
"cs.AI"
] | Nodes in the real-world graphs exhibit diverse patterns in numerous aspects, such as degree and homophily. However, most existent node predictors fail to capture a wide range of node patterns or to make predictions based on distinct node patterns, resulting in unsatisfactory classification performance. In this paper, w... | {
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2412.00419 | AutoPQ: Automating Quantile estimation from Point forecasts in the
context of sustainability | [
"cs.LG",
"eess.SP",
"stat.ML"
] | Optimizing smart grid operations relies on critical decision-making informed by uncertainty quantification, making probabilistic forecasting a vital tool. Designing such forecasting models involves three key challenges: accurate and unbiased uncertainty quantification, workload reduction for data scientists during the ... | {
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2412.00420 | TAROT: Targeted Data Selection via Optimal Transport | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CV",
"stat.ML"
] | We propose TAROT, a targeted data selection framework grounded in optimal transport theory. Previous targeted data selection methods primarily rely on influence-based greedy heuristics to enhance domain-specific performance. While effective on limited, unimodal data (i.e., data following a single pattern), these method... | {
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2412.00423 | On autoregressive deep learning models for day-ahead wind power
forecasting with irregular shutdowns due to redispatching | [
"cs.LG",
"eess.SP",
"stat.ML"
] | Renewable energies and their operation are becoming increasingly vital for the stability of electrical power grids since conventional power plants are progressively being displaced, and their contribution to redispatch interventions is thereby diminishing. In order to consider renewable energies like Wind Power (WP) fo... | {
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2412.00424 | FairSort: Learning to Fair Rank for Personalized Recommendations in
Two-Sided Platforms | [
"cs.GT",
"cs.IR"
] | Traditional recommendation systems focus on maximizing user satisfaction by suggesting their favourite items. This user-centric approach may lead to unfair exposure distribution among the providers. On the contrary, a provider-centric design might become unfair to the users. Therefore, this paper proposes a re-ranking ... | {
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2412.00425 | Was that Sarcasm?: A Literature Survey on Sarcasm Detection | [
"cs.CL"
] | Sarcasm is hard to interpret as human beings. Being able to interpret sarcasm is often termed as a sign of intelligence, given the complex nature of sarcasm. Hence, this is a field of Natural Language Processing which is still complex for computers to decipher. This Literature Survey delves into different aspects of sa... | {
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2412.00426 | Few-Shot Domain Adaptation for Named-Entity Recognition via Joint
Constrained k-Means and Subspace Selection | [
"cs.CL"
] | Named-entity recognition (NER) is a task that typically requires large annotated datasets, which limits its applicability across domains with varying entity definitions. This paper addresses few-shot NER, aiming to transfer knowledge to new domains with minimal supervision. Unlike previous approaches that rely solely o... | {
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2412.00427 | FreeCond: Free Lunch in the Input Conditions of Text-Guided Inpainting | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | In this study, we aim to determine and solve the deficiency of Stable Diffusion Inpainting (SDI) in following the instruction of both prompt and mask. Due to the training bias from masking, the inpainting quality is hindered when the prompt instruction and image condition are not related. Therefore, we conduct a detail... | {
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2412.00429 | Learner Attentiveness and Engagement Analysis in Online Education Using
Computer Vision | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | In recent times, online education and the usage of video-conferencing platforms have experienced massive growth. Due to the limited scope of a virtual classroom, it may become difficult for instructors to analyze learners' attention and comprehension in real time while teaching. In the digital mode of education, it wou... | {
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2412.00430 | Optimizing Sequential Recommendation Models with Scaling Laws and
Approximate Entropy | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.IR"
] | Scaling Laws have emerged as a powerful framework for understanding how model performance evolves as they increase in size, providing valuable insights for optimizing computational resources. In the realm of Sequential Recommendation (SR), which is pivotal for predicting users' sequential preferences, these laws offer ... | {
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2412.00433 | Dynamic Token Selection for Aerial-Ground Person Re-Identification | [
"cs.CV"
] | Aerial-Ground Person Re-identification (AGPReID) holds significant practical value but faces unique challenges due to pronounced variations in viewing angles, lighting conditions, and background interference. Traditional methods, often involving a global analysis of the entire image, frequently lead to inefficiencies a... | {
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2412.00435 | Benchmark Real-time Adaptation and Communication Capabilities of
Embodied Agent in Collaborative Scenarios | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.HC",
"cs.RO"
] | Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened transformative possibilities for human-robot interaction, especially in collaborative environments. However, Real-time human-AI collaboration requires agents to adapt to unseen human behaviors while maintaining effective communication dynamically. Existing benchm... | {
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2412.00437 | DeepFGS: Fine-Grained Scalable Coding for Learned Image Compression | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | Scalable coding, which can adapt to channel bandwidth variation, performs well in today's complex network environment. However, most existing scalable compression methods face two challenges: reduced compression performance and insufficient scalability. To overcome the above problems, this paper proposes a learned fine... | {
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2412.00440 | Advancing Myopia To Holism: Fully Contrastive Language-Image
Pre-training | [
"cs.CV"
] | In rapidly evolving field of vision-language models (VLMs), contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) has made significant strides, becoming foundation for various downstream tasks. However, relying on one-to-one (image, text) contrastive paradigm to learn alignment from large-scale messy web data, CLIP faces a se... | {
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2412.00441 | Fine Grained Analysis and Optimization of Large Scale Automotive Radar
Networks | [
"cs.IT",
"eess.SP",
"math.IT"
] | Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) enabled by automotive radars have significantly enhanced vehicle safety and driver experience. However, the extensive use of radars in dense road conditions introduces mutual interference, which degrades detection accuracy and reliability. Traditional interference models are li... | {
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2412.00445 | Two Models for Surface Segmentation using the Total Variation of the
Normal Vector | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.NA",
"math.NA"
] | We consider the problem of surface segmentation, where the goal is to partition a surface represented by a triangular mesh. The segmentation is based on the similarity of the normal vector field to a given set of label vectors. We propose a variational approach and compare two different regularizers, both based on a to... | {
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2412.00446 | Hybrid Local-Global Context Learning for Neural Video Compression | [
"cs.MM",
"cs.CV"
] | In neural video codecs, current state-of-the-art methods typically adopt multi-scale motion compensation to handle diverse motions. These methods estimate and compress either optical flow or deformable offsets to reduce inter-frame redundancy. However, flow-based methods often suffer from inaccurate motion estimation i... | {
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2412.00447 | ATP-LLaVA: Adaptive Token Pruning for Large Vision Language Models | [
"cs.CV"
] | Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved significant success across multi-modal tasks. However, the computational cost of processing long visual tokens can be prohibitively expensive on resource-limited devices. Previous methods have identified redundancy in visual tokens within the Large Language Model (LLM)... | {
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2412.00451 | A conditional Generative Adversarial network model for the Weather4Cast
2024 Challenge | [
"cs.CV"
] | This study explores the application of deep learning for rainfall prediction, leveraging the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) High rate information transmission (HRIT) data as input and the Operational Program on the Exchange of weather RAdar information (OPERA) ground-radar reflectivity data as g... | {
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2412.00452 | Learning Locally, Revising Globally: Global Reviser for Federated
Learning with Noisy Labels | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CV"
] | The success of most federated learning (FL) methods heavily depends on label quality, which is often inaccessible in real-world scenarios, such as medicine, leading to the federated label-noise (F-LN) problem. In this study, we observe that the global model of FL memorizes the noisy labels slowly. Based on the observat... | {
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2412.00457 | Non-native speakers of English or ChatGPT: Who thinks better? | [
"cs.CL"
] | This study sets out to answer one major question: Who thinks better, non-native speakers of English or ChatGPT?, providing evidence from processing and interpreting center-embedding English constructions that human brain surpasses ChatGPT, and that ChatGPT cannot be regarded as a theory of language. Fifteen non-native ... | {
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2412.00460 | BGM: Background Mixup for X-ray Prohibited Items Detection | [
"cs.CV"
] | Prohibited item detection is crucial for ensuring public safety, yet current X-ray image-based detection methods often lack comprehensive data-driven exploration. This paper introduces a novel data augmentation approach tailored for prohibited item detection, leveraging unique characteristics inherent to X-ray imagery.... | {
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2412.00464 | On the Conditions for Domain Stability for Machine Learning: a
Mathematical Approach | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"stat.ML"
] | This work proposes a mathematical approach that (re)defines a property of Machine Learning models named stability and determines sufficient conditions to validate it. Machine Learning models are represented as functions, and the characteristics in scope depend upon the domain of the function, what allows us to adopt to... | {
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2412.00465 | AgriBench: A Hierarchical Agriculture Benchmark for Multimodal Large
Language Models | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | We introduce AgriBench, the first agriculture benchmark designed to evaluate MultiModal Large Language Models (MM-LLMs) for agriculture applications. To further address the agriculture knowledge-based dataset limitation problem, we propose MM-LUCAS, a multimodal agriculture dataset, that includes 1,784 landscape images... | {
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2412.00466 | A Probably Approximately Correct Analysis of Group Testing Algorithms | [
"cs.IT",
"math.IT",
"stat.ML"
] | We consider the problem of identifying the defectives from a population of items via a non-adaptive group testing framework with a random pooling-matrix design. We analyze the sufficient number of tests needed for approximate set identification, i.e., for identifying almost all the defective and non-defective items wit... | {
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2412.00472 | Enhancing Skin Cancer Diagnosis (SCD) Using Late Discrete Wavelet
Transform (DWT) and New Swarm-Based Optimizers | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG",
"cs.NE",
"eess.IV"
] | Skin cancer (SC) stands out as one of the most life-threatening forms of cancer, with its danger amplified if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Early intervention is critical, as it allows for more effective treatment approaches. In recent years, Deep Learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful tool in the early detectio... | {
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2412.00473 | Jailbreak Large Vision-Language Models Through Multi-Modal Linkage | [
"cs.CV"
] | With the significant advancement of Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs), concerns about their potential misuse and abuse have grown rapidly. Previous studies have highlighted VLMs' vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, where carefully crafted inputs can lead the model to produce content that violates ethical and legal st... | {
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2412.00477 | LineGS : 3D Line Segment Representation on 3D Gaussian Splatting | [
"cs.CV"
] | Abstract representations of 3D scenes play a crucial role in computer vision, enabling a wide range of applications such as mapping, localization, surface reconstruction, and even advanced tasks like SLAM and rendering. Among these representations, line segments are widely used because of their ability to succinctly ca... | {
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2412.00478 | Node Importance Estimation Leveraging LLMs for Semantic Augmentation in
Knowledge Graphs | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL"
] | Node Importance Estimation (NIE) is a task that quantifies the importance of node in a graph. Recent research has investigated to exploit various information from Knowledge Graphs (KGs) to estimate node importance scores. However, the semantic information in KGs could be insufficient, missing, and inaccurate, which wou... | {
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2412.00486 | Automatic Differentiation-based Full Waveform Inversion with Flexible
Workflows | [
"cs.LG",
"eess.SP",
"physics.geo-ph"
] | Full waveform inversion (FWI) is able to construct high-resolution subsurface models by iteratively minimizing discrepancies between observed and simulated seismic data. However, its implementation can be rather involved for complex wave equations, objective functions, or regularization. Recently, automatic differentia... | {
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2412.00487 | Joint Beam Scheduling and Resource Allocation for Flexible RSMA-aided
Near-Field Communications | [
"cs.IT",
"eess.SP",
"math.IT"
] | Supporting immense throughput and ubiquitous connectivity holds paramount importance for future wireless networks. To this end, this letter focuses on how the spatial beams configured for legacy near-field (NF) users can be leveraged to serve extra NF or far-field users while ensuring the rate requirements of legacy NF... | {
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2412.00488 | Improved Cleanup and Decoding of Fractional Power Encodings | [
"cs.NE",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | High-dimensional vectors have been proposed as a neural method for representing information in the brain using Vector Symbolic Algebras (VSAs). While previous work has explored decoding and cleaning up these vectors under the noise that arises during computation, existing methods are limited. Cleanup methods are essent... | {
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2412.00489 | Density-aware Global-Local Attention Network for Point Cloud
Segmentation | [
"cs.CV"
] | 3D point cloud segmentation has a wide range of applications in areas such as autonomous driving, augmented reality, virtual reality and digital twins. The point cloud data collected in real scenes often contain small objects and categories with small sample sizes, which are difficult to handle by existing networks. In... | {
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2412.00490 | Learning-Based Model Predictive Control for Piecewise Affine Systems
with Feasibility Guarantees | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | Online model predictive control (MPC) for piecewise affine (PWA) systems requires the online solution to an optimization problem that implicitly optimizes over the switching sequence of PWA regions, for which the computational burden can be prohibitive. Alternatively, the computation can be moved offline using explicit... | {
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2412.00491 | CDEMapper: Enhancing NIH Common Data Element Normalization using Large
Language Models | [
"cs.IR"
] | Common Data Elements (CDEs) standardize data collection and sharing across studies, enhancing data interoperability and improving research reproducibility. However, implementing CDEs presents challenges due to the broad range and variety of data elements. This study aims to develop an effective and efficient mapping to... | {
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2412.00492 | A Delay-free Control Method Based On Function Approximation And
Broadcast For Robotic Surface And Multiactuator Systems | [
"cs.RO"
] | Robotic surface consisting of many actuators can change shape to perform tasks, such as facilitating human-machine interactions and transporting objects. Increasing the number of actuators can enhance the robot's capacity, but controlling them requires communication bandwidth to increase equally in order to avoid time ... | {
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2412.00493 | Video-3D LLM: Learning Position-Aware Video Representation for 3D Scene
Understanding | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.CL"
] | The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly impacted various multimodal tasks. However, these models face challenges in tasks that require spatial understanding within 3D environments. Efforts to enhance MLLMs, such as incorporating point cloud features, have been made, yet a con... | {
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2412.00495 | Rethinking Strategic Mechanism Design In The Age Of Large Language
Models: New Directions For Communication Systems | [
"cs.GT",
"cs.LG"
] | This paper explores the application of large language models (LLMs) in designing strategic mechanisms -- including auctions, contracts, and games -- for specific purposes in communication networks. Traditionally, strategic mechanism design in telecommunications has relied on human expertise to craft solutions based on ... | {
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2412.00497 | Distributed Differentially Private Data Analytics via Secure Sketching | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.LG"
] | We explore the use of distributed differentially private computations across multiple servers, balancing the tradeoff between the error introduced by the differentially private mechanism and the computational efficiency of the resulting distributed algorithm. We introduce the linear-transformation model, where client... | {
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2412.00502 | Enhancing the Reliability of Closed-Loop Describing Function Analysis
for Reset Control Applied to Precision Motion Systems | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | The Sinusoidal Input Describing Function (SIDF) is an effective tool for control system analysis and design, with its reliability directly impacting the performance of the designed control systems. This study enhances the reliability of SIDF analysis and the performance of closed-loop reset feedback control systems, pr... | {
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2412.00503 | Homeostasis and Sparsity in Transformer | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | The transformer architecture has become an integral part of the field of modern neural networks, playing a crucial role in a variety of tasks, such as text generation, machine translation, image and audio processing, among others. There is also an alternative approach to building intelligent systems, proposed by Jeff H... | {
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2412.00505 | Good, Cheap, and Fast: Overfitted Image Compression with Wasserstein
Distortion | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | Inspired by the success of generative image models, recent work on learned image compression increasingly focuses on better probabilistic models of the natural image distribution, leading to excellent image quality. This, however, comes at the expense of a computational complexity that is several orders of magnitude hi... | {
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2412.00508 | Graph-to-SFILES: Control structure prediction from process topologies
using generative artificial intelligence | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CE"
] | Control structure design is an important but tedious step in P&ID development. Generative artificial intelligence (AI) promises to reduce P&ID development time by supporting engineers. Previous research on generative AI in chemical process design mainly represented processes by sequences. However, graphs offer a promis... | {
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2412.00511 | Energy-Based Prior Latent Space Diffusion model for Reconstruction of
Lumbar Vertebrae from Thick Slice MRI | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Lumbar spine problems are ubiquitous, motivating research into targeted imaging for treatment planning and guided interventions. While high resolution and high contrast CT has been the modality of choice, MRI can capture both bone and soft tissue without the ionizing radiation of CT albeit longer acquisition time. The ... | {
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2412.00517 | LAMBDA: Covering the Multimodal Critical Scenarios for Automated Driving
Systems by Search Space Quantization | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.ET",
"cs.RO"
] | Scenario-based virtual testing is one of the most significant methods to test and evaluate the safety of automated driving systems (ADSs). However, it is impractical to enumerate all concrete scenarios in a logical scenario space and test them exhaustively. Recently, Black-Box Optimization (BBO) was introduced to accel... | {
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2412.00518 | Instant3dit: Multiview Inpainting for Fast Editing of 3D Objects | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | We propose a generative technique to edit 3D shapes, represented as meshes, NeRFs, or Gaussian Splats, in approximately 3 seconds, without the need for running an SDS type of optimization. Our key insight is to cast 3D editing as a multiview image inpainting problem, as this representation is generic and can be mapped ... | {
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2412.00521 | A Self-Explainable Heterogeneous GNN for Relational Deep Learning | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.DB"
] | Recently, significant attention has been given to the idea of viewing relational databases as heterogeneous graphs, enabling the application of graph neural network (GNN) technology for predictive tasks. However, existing GNN methods struggle with the complexity of the heterogeneous graphs induced by databases with num... | {
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2412.00525 | GloCOM: A Short Text Neural Topic Model via Global Clustering Context | [
"cs.CL"
] | Uncovering hidden topics from short texts is challenging for traditional and neural models due to data sparsity, which limits word co-occurrence patterns, and label sparsity, stemming from incomplete reconstruction targets. Although data aggregation offers a potential solution, existing neural topic models often overlo... | {
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2412.00526 | Human Action CLIPS: Detecting AI-generated Human Motion | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.GR"
] | Full-blown AI-generated video generation continues its journey through the uncanny valley to produce content that is perceptually indistinguishable from reality. Intermixed with many exciting and creative applications are malicious applications that harm individuals, organizations, and democracies. We describe an effec... | {
"Other": 1,
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} |
2412.00530 | Forma mentis networks predict creativity ratings of short texts via
interpretable artificial intelligence in human and GPT-simulated raters | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG"
] | Creativity is a fundamental skill of human cognition. We use textual forma mentis networks (TFMN) to extract network (semantic/syntactic associations) and emotional features from approximately one thousand human- and GPT3.5-generated stories. Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), we test whether features rel... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.NE": 0,
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} |
2412.00532 | ChemTEB: Chemical Text Embedding Benchmark, an Overview of Embedding
Models Performance & Efficiency on a Specific Domain | [
"cs.CL"
] | Recent advancements in language models have started a new era of superior information retrieval and content generation, with embedding models playing an important role in optimizing data representation efficiency and performance. While benchmarks like the Massive Text Embedding Benchmark (MTEB) have standardized the ev... | {
"Other": 0,
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} |
2412.00533 | Maintaining reliability while navigating unprecedented uncertainty: a
synthesis of and guide to advances in electric sector resource adequacy | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | The reliability of the electric grid has in recent years become a larger concern for regulators, planners, and consumers due to several high-impact outage events, as well as the potential for even more impactful events in the future. These concerns are largely the result of decades-old resource adequacy (RA) planning f... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.NE": 0,
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"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 1
} |
2412.00534 | Towards Fault Tolerance in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.MA"
] | Agent faults pose a significant threat to the performance of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms, introducing two key challenges. First, agents often struggle to extract critical information from the chaotic state space created by unexpected faults. Second, transitions recorded before and after faults ... | {
"Other": 0,
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} |
2412.00535 | FullStack Bench: Evaluating LLMs as Full Stack Coders | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.SE"
] | As the capabilities of code large language models (LLMs) continue to expand, their applications across diverse code intelligence domains are rapidly increasing. However, most existing datasets only evaluate limited application domains. To address this gap, we have developed a comprehensive code evaluation dataset FullS... | {
"Other": 1,
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"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.00537 | Exact Certification of (Graph) Neural Networks Against Label Poisoning | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CR"
] | Machine learning models are highly vulnerable to label flipping, i.e., the adversarial modification (poisoning) of training labels to compromise performance. Thus, deriving robustness certificates is important to guarantee that test predictions remain unaffected and to understand worst-case robustness behavior. However... | {
"Other": 0,
"cs.AI": 0,
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"cs.CL": 0,
"cs.CR": 1,
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"cs.MA": 0,
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"cs.SD": 0,
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"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.00538 | Prognostic Framework for Robotic Manipulators Operating Under Dynamic
Task Severities | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.LG",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY",
"stat.AP"
] | Robotic manipulators are critical in many applications but are known to degrade over time. This degradation is influenced by the nature of the tasks performed by the robot. Tasks with higher severity, such as handling heavy payloads, can accelerate the degradation process. One way this degradation is reflected is in th... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.CE": 0,
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"cs.MA": 0,
"cs.NE": 0,
"cs.RO": 1,
"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 1
} |
2412.00539 | TextClass Benchmark: A Continuous Elo Rating of LLMs in Social Sciences | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | The TextClass Benchmark project is an ongoing, continuous benchmarking process that aims to provide a comprehensive, fair, and dynamic evaluation of LLMs and transformers for text classification tasks. This evaluation spans various domains and languages in social sciences disciplines engaged in NLP and text-as-data app... | {
"Other": 0,
"cs.AI": 1,
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"cs.NE": 0,
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"cs.SD": 0,
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"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.00541 | Context-Based Echo State Networks with Prediction Confidence for
Human-Robot Shared Control | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.HC",
"cs.LG",
"cs.NE",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] | In this paper, we propose a novel lightweight learning from demonstration (LfD) model based on reservoir computing that can learn and generate multiple movement trajectories with prediction intervals, which we call as Context-based Echo State Network with prediction confidence (CESN+). CESN+ can generate movement traje... | {
"Other": 0,
"cs.AI": 0,
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"cs.CL": 0,
"cs.CR": 0,
"cs.CV": 0,
"cs.CY": 0,
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"cs.HC": 1,
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"cs.MA": 0,
"cs.NE": 1,
"cs.RO": 1,
"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 1
} |
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