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2412.08969
Deep Learning Model Security: Threats and Defenses
[ "cs.CR", "cs.LG", "cs.SE" ]
Deep learning has transformed AI applications but faces critical security challenges, including adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model theft, and privacy leakage. This survey examines these vulnerabilities, detailing their mechanisms and impact on model integrity and confidentiality. Practical implementations, incl...
{ "Other": 1, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 1, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.08970
Reasoning-Aware Query-Focused Summarization over Multi-Table Data
[ "cs.CL" ]
Query-focused summarization over multi-table data is a challenging yet critical task for extracting precise and relevant information from structured data. Existing methods often rely on complex preprocessing steps and struggle to generalize across domains or handle the logical reasoning required for multi-table queries...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.08971
Motor Imagery Teleoperation of a Mobile Robot Using a Low-Cost Brain-Computer Interface for Multi-Day Validation
[ "cs.RO" ]
Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) have the potential to provide transformative control in prosthetics, assistive technologies (wheelchairs), robotics, and human-computer interfaces. While Motor Imagery (MI) offers an intuitive approach to BCI control, its practical implementation is often limited by the requirement for e...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 1, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.08972
RuleArena: A Benchmark for Rule-Guided Reasoning with LLMs in Real-World Scenarios
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
This paper introduces RuleArena, a novel and challenging benchmark designed to evaluate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow complex, real-world rules in reasoning. Covering three practical domains -- airline baggage fees, NBA transactions, and tax regulations -- RuleArena assesses LLMs' proficiency in...
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2412.08973
Is Contrastive Distillation Enough for Learning Comprehensive 3D Representations?
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Cross-modal contrastive distillation has recently been explored for learning effective 3D representations. However, existing methods focus primarily on modality-shared features, neglecting the modality-specific features during the pre-training process, which leads to suboptimal representations. In this paper, we theore...
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2412.08975
Elevating Flow-Guided Video Inpainting with Reference Generation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Video inpainting (VI) is a challenging task that requires effective propagation of observable content across frames while simultaneously generating new content not present in the original video. In this study, we propose a robust and practical VI framework that leverages a large generative model for reference generatio...
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2412.08976
Enhancing Facial Consistency in Conditional Video Generation via Facial Landmark Transformation
[ "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
Landmark-guided character animation generation is an important field. Generating character animations with facial features consistent with a reference image remains a significant challenge in conditional video generation, especially involving complex motions like dancing. Existing methods often fail to maintain facial ...
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2412.08979
A Wander Through the Multimodal Landscape: Efficient Transfer Learning via Low-rank Sequence Multimodal Adapter
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CV" ]
Efficient transfer learning methods such as adapter-based methods have shown great success in unimodal models and vision-language models. However, existing methods have two main challenges in fine-tuning multimodal models. Firstly, they are designed for vision-language tasks and fail to extend to situations where there...
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2412.08983
An Event-Triggered Framework for Trust-Mediated Human-Autonomy Interaction
[ "cs.RO", "cs.SY", "eess.SY" ]
Inspired by the increased cooperation between humans and autonomous systems, we present a new hybrid systems framework capturing the interconnected dynamics underlying these interactions. The framework accommodates models arising from both the autonomous systems and cognitive psychology literature in order to represent...
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2412.08984
Predicting Emergency Department Visits for Patients with Type II Diabetes
[ "q-bio.QM", "cs.LG" ]
Over 30 million Americans are affected by Type II diabetes (T2D), a treatable condition with significant health risks. This study aims to develop and validate predictive models using machine learning (ML) techniques to estimate emergency department (ED) visits among patients with T2D. Data for these patients was obtain...
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2412.08985
Assessing the Robustness of Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems in K-12 Educational Question Answering with Knowledge Discrepancies
[ "cs.CL" ]
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have demonstrated remarkable potential as question answering systems in the K-12 Education domain, where knowledge is typically queried within the restricted scope of authoritative textbooks. However, the discrepancy between textbooks and the parametric knowledge in Large La...
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2412.08992
Benchmarking of GPU-optimized Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm using Functional Analysis
[ "cs.CE", "cs.NE" ]
This article presents a comparative analysis of GPU-parallelized implementations of the quantum-inspired evolutionary optimization (QIEO) approach and one of the well-known classical metaheuristic techniques, the genetic algorithm (GA). The study assesses the performance of both algorithms on highly non-linear, non-con...
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2412.09000
The AI Interface: Designing for the Ideal Machine-Human Experience (Editorial)
[ "cs.HC", "cs.AI" ]
As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in daily life, designing intuitive, trustworthy, and emotionally resonant AI-human interfaces has emerged as a critical challenge. This editorial introduces a Special Issue that explores the psychology of AI experience design, focusing on how interfaces can ...
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2412.09002
Stellar parameter prediction and spectral simulation using machine learning
[ "astro-ph.SR", "astro-ph.EP", "astro-ph.IM", "cs.LG" ]
We applied machine learning to the entire data history of ESO's High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) instrument. Our primary goal was to recover the physical properties of the observed objects, with a secondary emphasis on simulating spectra. We systematically investigated the impact of various factors...
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2412.09005
On the Tractability Landscape of the Conditional Minisum Approval Voting Rule
[ "cs.GT", "cs.CC", "cs.MA" ]
This work examines the Conditional Approval Framework for elections involving multiple interdependent issues, specifically focusing on the Conditional Minisum Approval Voting Rule. We first conduct a detailed analysis of the computational complexity of this rule, demonstrating that no approach can significantly outperf...
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2412.09006
Motor Imagery Classification for Asynchronous EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces
[ "cs.HC", "cs.LG" ]
Motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable the direct control of external devices through the imagined movements of various body parts. Unlike previous systems that used fixed-length EEG trials for MI decoding, asynchronous BCIs aim to detect the user's MI without explicit triggers. They are chall...
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2412.09008
MS2Mesh-XR: Multi-modal Sketch-to-Mesh Generation in XR Environments
[ "cs.CV", "cs.HC", "cs.MM" ]
We present MS2Mesh-XR, a novel multi-modal sketch-to-mesh generation pipeline that enables users to create realistic 3D objects in extended reality (XR) environments using hand-drawn sketches assisted by voice inputs. In specific, users can intuitively sketch objects using natural hand movements in mid-air within a vir...
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2412.09009
A physics-informed transformer neural operator for learning generalized solutions of initial boundary value problems
[ "cs.LG", "physics.comp-ph" ]
Initial boundary value problems arise commonly in applications with engineering and natural systems governed by nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Operator learning is an emerging field for solving these equations by using a neural network to learn a map between infinite dimensional input and output funct...
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2412.09010
Training Physical Neural Networks for Analog In-Memory Computing
[ "cs.LG" ]
In-memory computing (IMC) architectures mitigate the von Neumann bottleneck encountered in traditional deep learning accelerators. Its energy efficiency can realize deep learning-based edge applications. However, because IMC is implemented using analog circuits, inherent non-idealities in the hardware pose significant ...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09011
Building a Mastodon Compatible Java Server for ActivityPub
[ "cs.SI" ]
ActivityPub is a decentralized social networking protocol that has gained significant attention from the media for its ability to communicate through the Fediverse, short for the federated web. Servers such as Mastodon implement the ActivityPub protocol to communicate over the Fediverse. In this paper, we deconstruct t...
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2412.09012
What Makes Cryptic Crosswords Challenging for LLMs?
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
Cryptic crosswords are puzzles that rely on general knowledge and the solver's ability to manipulate language on different levels, dealing with various types of wordplay. Previous research suggests that solving such puzzles is challenging even for modern NLP models, including Large Language Models (LLMs). However, ther...
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2412.09013
Arbitrary-steps Image Super-resolution via Diffusion Inversion
[ "cs.CV" ]
This study presents a new image super-resolution (SR) technique based on diffusion inversion, aiming at harnessing the rich image priors encapsulated in large pre-trained diffusion models to improve SR performance. We design a Partial noise Prediction strategy to construct an intermediate state of the diffusion model, ...
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2412.09014
Improvement in Sign Language Translation Using Text CTC Alignment
[ "cs.CL" ]
Current sign language translation (SLT) approaches often rely on gloss-based supervision with Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC), limiting their ability to handle non-monotonic alignments between sign language video and spoken text. In this work, we propose a novel method combining joint CTC/Attention and tran...
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2412.09019
Operator Learning for Robust Stabilization of Linear Markov-Jumping Hyperbolic PDEs
[ "eess.SY", "cs.SY" ]
In this paper, we address the problem of robust stabilization for linear hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) with Markov-jumping parameter uncertainty. We consider a 2 x 2 heterogeneous hyperbolic PDE and propose a control law using operator learning and backstepping method. Specifically, the backstepping ...
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2412.09022
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Solving Contact Problems in Three Dimensions
[ "cs.CE" ]
This paper explores the application of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to tackle forward problems in 3D contact mechanics, focusing on small deformation elasticity. We utilize a mixed-variable formulation, enhanced with output transformations, to enforce Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions as hard constr...
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2412.09023
STEAM: Squeeze and Transform Enhanced Attention Module
[ "cs.CV" ]
Channel and spatial attention mechanisms introduced by earlier works enhance the representation abilities of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) but often lead to increased parameter and computation costs. While recent approaches focus solely on efficient feature context modeling for channel attention, we aim to ...
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2412.09025
Shiksha: A Technical Domain focused Translation Dataset and Model for Indian Languages
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models are typically trained on datasets with limited exposure to Scientific, Technical and Educational domains. Translation models thus, in general, struggle with tasks that involve scientific understanding or technical jargon. Their performance is found to be even worse for low-resour...
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2412.09026
Video Anomaly Detection with Motion and Appearance Guided Patch Diffusion Model
[ "cs.CV" ]
A recent endeavor in one class of video anomaly detection is to leverage diffusion models and posit the task as a generation problem, where the diffusion model is trained to recover normal patterns exclusively, thus reporting abnormal patterns as outliers. Yet, existing attempts neglect the various formations of anomal...
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2412.09028
Learning and Current Prediction of PMSM Drive via Differential Neural Networks
[ "cs.LG", "cs.SY", "eess.SY" ]
Learning models for dynamical systems in continuous time is significant for understanding complex phenomena and making accurate predictions. This study presents a novel approach utilizing differential neural networks (DNNs) to model nonlinear systems, specifically permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), and to pre...
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2412.09030
RingFormer: A Ring-Enhanced Graph Transformer for Organic Solar Cell Property Prediction
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
Organic Solar Cells (OSCs) are a promising technology for sustainable energy production. However, the identification of molecules with desired OSC properties typically involves laborious experimental research. To accelerate progress in the field, it is crucial to develop machine learning models capable of accurately pr...
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2412.09032
Speech-Forensics: Towards Comprehensive Synthetic Speech Dataset Establishment and Analysis
[ "cs.SD", "cs.AI", "eess.AS" ]
Detecting synthetic from real speech is increasingly crucial due to the risks of misinformation and identity impersonation. While various datasets for synthetic speech analysis have been developed, they often focus on specific areas, limiting their utility for comprehensive research. To fill this gap, we propose the Sp...
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2412.09034
Dialogue Language Model with Large-Scale Persona Data Engineering
[ "cs.CL", "cs.HC" ]
Maintaining persona consistency is paramount in the application of open-domain dialogue systems, as exemplified by models like ChatGPT. Despite significant advancements, the limited scale and diversity of current persona dialogue datasets remain challenges to achieving robust persona-consistent dialogue models. In this...
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2412.09035
Pulling the Carpet Below the Learner's Feet: Genetic Algorithm To Learn Ensemble Machine Learning Model During Concept Drift
[ "cs.LG" ]
Data-driven models, in general, and machine learning (ML) models, in particular, have gained popularity over recent years with an increased usage of such models across the scientific and engineering domains. When using ML models in realistic and dynamic environments, users need to often handle the challenge of concept ...
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2412.09036
ZigZagkv: Dynamic KV Cache Compression for Long-context Modeling based on Layer Uncertainty
[ "cs.CL" ]
Large Language models (LLMs) have become a research hotspot. To accelerate the inference of LLMs, storing computed caches in memory has become the standard technique. However, as the inference length increases, growing KV caches might lead to out-of-memory issues. Many existing methods address this issue through KV cac...
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2412.09037
Beyond Confusion: A Fine-grained Dialectical Examination of Human Activity Recognition Benchmark Datasets
[ "cs.LG" ]
The research of machine learning (ML) algorithms for human activity recognition (HAR) has made significant progress with publicly available datasets. However, most research prioritizes statistical metrics over examining negative sample details. While recent models like transformers have been applied to HAR datasets wit...
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2412.09041
Towards Wireless-Native Big AI Model: Insights into Its Ambitions, Peculiarities and Methodologies
[ "eess.SP", "cs.SY", "eess.SY" ]
Researches on leveraging big artificial intelligence model (BAIM) technology to drive the intelligent evolution of wireless networks are emerging. However, since the breakthrough in generalization brought about by BAIM techniques mainly occurs in natural language processing, there is still a lack of a clear technical r...
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2412.09043
DrivingRecon: Large 4D Gaussian Reconstruction Model For Autonomous Driving
[ "cs.CV" ]
Photorealistic 4D reconstruction of street scenes is essential for developing real-world simulators in autonomous driving. However, most existing methods perform this task offline and rely on time-consuming iterative processes, limiting their practical applications. To this end, we introduce the Large 4D Gaussian Recon...
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2412.09044
Motif Guided Graph Transformer with Combinatorial Skeleton Prototype Learning for Skeleton-Based Person Re-Identification
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Person re-identification (re-ID) via 3D skeleton data is a challenging task with significant value in many scenarios. Existing skeleton-based methods typically assume virtual motion relations between all joints, and adopt average joint or sequence representations for learning. However, they rarely explore key body stru...
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2412.09045
Mining Word Boundaries from Speech-Text Parallel Data for Cross-domain Chinese Word Segmentation
[ "cs.CL" ]
Inspired by early research on exploring naturally annotated data for Chinese Word Segmentation (CWS), and also by recent research on integration of speech and text processing, this work for the first time proposes to explicitly mine word boundaries from speech-text parallel data. We employ the Montreal Forced Aligner (...
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2412.09046
Multi-Task Learning with LLMs for Implicit Sentiment Analysis: Data-level and Task-level Automatic Weight Learning
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
Implicit sentiment analysis (ISA) presents significant challenges due to the absence of salient cue words. Previous methods have struggled with insufficient data and limited reasoning capabilities to infer underlying opinions. Integrating multi-task learning (MTL) with large language models (LLMs) offers the potential ...
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2412.09049
Dial-In LLM: Human-Aligned Dialogue Intent Clustering with LLM-in-the-loop
[ "cs.CL", "cs.LG" ]
The discovery of customer intention from dialogue plays an important role in automated support system. However, traditional text clustering methods are poorly aligned with human perceptions due to the shift from embedding distance to semantic distance, and existing quantitative metrics for text clustering may not accur...
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2412.09050
ContextHOI: Spatial Context Learning for Human-Object Interaction Detection
[ "cs.CV" ]
Spatial contexts, such as the backgrounds and surroundings, are considered critical in Human-Object Interaction (HOI) recognition, especially when the instance-centric foreground is blurred or occluded. Recent advancements in HOI detectors are usually built upon detection transformer pipelines. While such an object-det...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09052
Subspace tracking for online system identification
[ "eess.SY", "cs.SY", "math.OC" ]
This paper introduces an online approach for identifying time-varying subspaces defined by linear dynamical systems, leveraging optimization on the Grassmannian manifold leading to the Grassmannian Recursive Algorithm for Tracking (GREAT) method. The approach of representing linear systems by non-parametric subspace mo...
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2412.09053
Safe Active Learning for Gaussian Differential Equations
[ "cs.LG", "stat.ML" ]
Gaussian Process differential equations (GPODE) have recently gained momentum due to their ability to capture dynamics behavior of systems and also represent uncertainty in predictions. Prior work has described the process of training the hyperparameters and, thereby, calibrating GPODE to data. How to design efficient ...
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2412.09055
Hyperbolic-constraint Point Cloud Reconstruction from Single RGB-D Images
[ "cs.CV" ]
Reconstructing desired objects and scenes has long been a primary goal in 3D computer vision. Single-view point cloud reconstruction has become a popular technique due to its low cost and accurate results. However, single-view reconstruction methods often rely on expensive CAD models and complex geometric priors. Effec...
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2412.09056
A Context-Enhanced Framework for Sequential Graph Reasoning
[ "cs.AI" ]
The paper studies sequential reasoning over graph-structured data, which stands as a fundamental task in various trending fields like automated math problem solving and neural graph algorithm learning, attracting a lot of research interest. Simultaneously managing both sequential and graph-structured information in suc...
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2412.09058
EmbedGenius: Towards Automated Software Development for Generic Embedded IoT Systems
[ "cs.SE", "cs.AI", "cs.SY", "eess.SY" ]
Embedded IoT system development is crucial for enabling seamless connectivity and functionality across a wide range of applications. However, such a complex process requires cross-domain knowledge of hardware and software and hence often necessitates direct developer involvement, making it labor-intensive, time-consumi...
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2412.09059
Go With the Flow: Fast Diffusion for Gaussian Mixture Models
[ "cs.LG" ]
Schr\"{o}dinger Bridges (SB) are diffusion processes that steer, in finite time, a given initial distribution to another final one while minimizing a suitable cost functional. Although various methods for computing SBs have recently been proposed in the literature, most of these approaches require computationally expen...
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2412.09063
An Efficient Framework for Enhancing Discriminative Models via Diffusion Techniques
[ "cs.CV" ]
Image classification serves as the cornerstone of computer vision, traditionally achieved through discriminative models based on deep neural networks. Recent advancements have introduced classification methods derived from generative models, which offer the advantage of zero-shot classification. However, these methods ...
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2412.09065
Multi-view Clustering via Unified Multi-kernel Learning and Matrix Factorization
[ "cs.LG" ]
Multi-view clustering has become increasingly important due to the multi-source character of real-world data. Among existing multi-view clustering methods, multi-kernel clustering and matrix factorization-based multi-view clustering have gained widespread attention as mainstream approaches. However, multi-kernel cluste...
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2412.09068
MIMO Detection via Gaussian Mixture Expectation Propagation: A Bayesian Machine Learning Approach for High-Order High-Dimensional MIMO Systems
[ "cs.IT", "math.IT", "stat.ML" ]
MIMO systems can simultaneously transmit multiple data streams within the same frequency band, thus exploiting the spatial dimension to enhance performance. MIMO detection poses considerable challenges due to the interference and noise introduced by the concurrent transmission of multiple streams. Efficient Uplink (UL)...
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2412.09072
Cross-View Completion Models are Zero-shot Correspondence Estimators
[ "cs.CV" ]
In this work, we explore new perspectives on cross-view completion learning by drawing an analogy to self-supervised correspondence learning. Through our analysis, we demonstrate that the cross-attention map within cross-view completion models captures correspondence more effectively than other correlations derived fro...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09073
SVasP: Self-Versatility Adversarial Style Perturbation for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning
[ "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning (CD-FSL) aims to transfer knowledge from seen source domains to unseen target domains, which is crucial for evaluating the generalization and robustness of models. Recent studies focus on utilizing visual styles to bridge the domain gap between different domains. However, the serious dile...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09074
DomCLP: Domain-wise Contrastive Learning with Prototype Mixup for Unsupervised Domain Generalization
[ "cs.CV" ]
Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods based on the instance discrimination tasks with InfoNCE have achieved remarkable success. Despite their success, SSL models often struggle to generate effective representations for unseen-domain data. To address this issue, research on unsupervised domain generalization (UDG), whi...
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2412.09078
Forest-of-Thought: Scaling Test-Time Compute for Enhancing LLM Reasoning
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities across various language tasks, but solving complex reasoning problems remains a significant challenge. While existing methods, such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and Tree-of-Thought (ToT), enhance reasoning by decomposing problems or structuring prompts, t...
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2412.09079
Neural Networks for Threshold Dynamics Reconstruction
[ "cs.LG", "math.DS" ]
We introduce two convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures, inspired by the Merriman-Bence-Osher (MBO) algorithm and by cellular automatons, to model and learn threshold dynamics for front evolution from video data. The first model, termed the (single-dynamics) MBO network, learns a specific kernel and threshold...
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2412.09082
Towards Long-Horizon Vision-Language Navigation: Platform, Benchmark and Method
[ "cs.CV" ]
Existing Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) methods primarily focus on single-stage navigation, limiting their effectiveness in multi-stage and long-horizon tasks within complex and dynamic environments. To address these limitations, we propose a novel VLN task, named Long-Horizon Vision-Language Navigation (LH-VLN), whi...
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2412.09084
Evaluating Pixel Language Models on Non-Standardized Languages
[ "cs.CL" ]
We explore the potential of pixel-based models for transfer learning from standard languages to dialects. These models convert text into images that are divided into patches, enabling a continuous vocabulary representation that proves especially useful for out-of-vocabulary words common in dialectal data. Using German ...
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2412.09086
Understanding Opportunities and Risks of Synthetic Relationships: Leveraging the Power of Longitudinal Research with Customised AI Tools
[ "cs.HC", "cs.AI", "cs.CY" ]
This position paper discusses the benefits of longitudinal behavioural research with customised AI tools for exploring the opportunities and risks of synthetic relationships. Synthetic relationships are defined as "continuing associations between humans and AI tools that interact with one another wherein the AI tool(s)...
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2412.09090
Integrated trucks assignment and scheduling problem with mixed service mode docks: A Q-learning based adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm
[ "cs.LG", "math.OC" ]
Mixed service mode docks enhance efficiency by flexibly handling both loading and unloading trucks in warehouses. However, existing research often predetermines the number and location of these docks prior to planning truck assignment and sequencing. This paper proposes a new model integrating dock mode decision, truck...
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2412.09094
Filter-then-Generate: Large Language Models with Structure-Text Adapter for Knowledge Graph Completion
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) present massive inherent knowledge and superior semantic comprehension capability, which have revolutionized various tasks in natural language processing. Despite their success, a critical gap remains in enabling LLMs to perform knowledge graph completion (KGC). Empirical evidence suggests ...
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2412.09101
Temporal Numeric Planning with Patterns
[ "cs.AI" ]
We consider temporal numeric planning problems $\Pi$ expressed in PDDL2.1 level 3, and show how to produce SMT formulas $(i)$ whose models correspond to valid plans of $\Pi$, and $(ii)$ that extend the recently proposed planning with patterns approach from the numeric to the temporal case. We prove the correctness and ...
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2412.09102
PolyIPA -- Multilingual Phoneme-to-Grapheme Conversion Model
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
This paper presents PolyIPA, a novel multilingual phoneme-to-grapheme conversion model designed for multilingual name transliteration, onomastic research, and information retrieval. The model leverages two helper models developed for data augmentation: IPA2vec for finding soundalikes across languages, and similarIPA fo...
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2412.09104
In-Dataset Trajectory Return Regularization for Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning
[ "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
Offline preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) typically operates in two phases: first, use human preferences to learn a reward model and annotate rewards for a reward-free offline dataset; second, learn a policy by optimizing the learned reward via offline RL. However, accurately modeling step-wise rewards fro...
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2412.09105
ResFlow: Fine-tuning Residual Optical Flow for Event-based High Temporal Resolution Motion Estimation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Event cameras hold significant promise for high-temporal-resolution (HTR) motion estimation. However, estimating event-based HTR optical flow faces two key challenges: the absence of HTR ground-truth data and the intrinsic sparsity of event data. Most existing approaches rely on the flow accumulation paradigms to indir...
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2412.09109
evS2CP: Real-time Simultaneous Speed and Charging Planner for Connected Electric Vehicles
[ "eess.SY", "cs.CE", "cs.SY", "math.OC" ]
This paper presents evS2CP, an optimization-based framework for simultaneous speed and charging planning designed for connected electric vehicles (EVs). With EVs emerging as competitive alternatives to internal combustion engine vehicles, overcoming challenges such as limited charging infrastructure is crucial. evS2CP ...
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2412.09114
Hybrid Model-Data Fault Diagnosis for Wafer Handler Robots: Tilt and Broken Belt Cases
[ "cs.RO", "cs.SY", "eess.SY" ]
This work proposes a hybrid model- and data-based scheme for fault detection, isolation, and estimation (FDIE) for a class of wafer handler (WH) robots. The proposed hybrid scheme consists of: 1) a linear filter that simultaneously estimates system states and fault-induced signals from sensing and actuation data; and 2...
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2412.09115
Vision CNNs trained to estimate spatial latents learned similar ventral-stream-aligned representations
[ "q-bio.NC", "cs.CV", "cs.LG", "cs.NE" ]
Studies of the functional role of the primate ventral visual stream have traditionally focused on object categorization, often ignoring -- despite much prior evidence -- its role in estimating "spatial" latents such as object position and pose. Most leading ventral stream models are derived by optimizing networks for o...
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2412.09116
How to Re-enable PDE Loss for Physical Systems Modeling Under Partial Observation
[ "cs.LG" ]
In science and engineering, machine learning techniques are increasingly successful in physical systems modeling (predicting future states of physical systems). Effectively integrating PDE loss as a constraint of system transition can improve the model's prediction by overcoming generalization issues due to data scarci...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09117
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Internet of Robotic Things
[ "cs.RO", "cs.IT", "eess.SP", "math.IT" ]
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, robotics, and Internet of Things, multi-robot systems are progressively acquiring human-like environmental perception and understanding capabilities, empowering them to complete complex tasks through autonomous decision-making and interaction. However, the Internet...
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2412.09118
An Algorithm-Centered Approach To Model Streaming Data
[ "cs.LG" ]
Besides the classical offline setup of machine learning, stream learning constitutes a well-established setup where data arrives over time in potentially non-stationary environments. Concept drift, the phenomenon that the underlying distribution changes over time poses a significant challenge. Yet, despite high practic...
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2412.09119
The Utility and Complexity of in- and out-of-Distribution Machine Unlearning
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CR", "math.OC" ]
Machine unlearning, the process of selectively removing data from trained models, is increasingly crucial for addressing privacy concerns and knowledge gaps post-deployment. Despite this importance, existing approaches are often heuristic and lack formal guarantees. In this paper, we analyze the fundamental utility, ti...
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2412.09121
MMD-OPT : Maximum Mean Discrepancy Based Sample Efficient Collision Risk Minimization for Autonomous Driving
[ "cs.LG", "cs.RO" ]
We propose MMD-OPT: a sample-efficient approach for minimizing the risk of collision under arbitrary prediction distribution of the dynamic obstacles. MMD-OPT is based on embedding distribution in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) and the associated Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD). We show how these two concepts c...
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2412.09122
LVMark: Robust Watermark for latent video diffusion models
[ "cs.CV" ]
Rapid advancements in generative models have made it possible to create hyper-realistic videos. As their applicability increases, their unauthorized use has raised significant concerns, leading to the growing demand for techniques to protect the ownership of the generative model itself. While existing watermarking meth...
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2412.09125
Goal-Driven Query Answering over First- and Second-Order Dependencies with Equality
[ "cs.AI", "cs.DB", "cs.LO" ]
Query answering over data with dependencies plays a central role in most applications of dependencies. The problem is commonly solved by using a suitable variant of the chase algorithm to compute a universal model of the dependencies and the data and thus explicate all knowledge implicit in the dependencies. After this...
{ "Other": 1, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 1, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09126
Enhancing Modality Representation and Alignment for Multimodal Cold-start Active Learning
[ "cs.MM", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
Training multimodal models requires a large amount of labeled data. Active learning (AL) aim to reduce labeling costs. Most AL methods employ warm-start approaches, which rely on sufficient labeled data to train a well-calibrated model that can assess the uncertainty and diversity of unlabeled data. However, when assem...
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2412.09136
Reducing Meshing Requirements for Electrostatic Problems using a Galerkin Boundary Element Method
[ "cs.CE" ]
This work focuses on model preparation for electrostatic simulations of CAD designs to realize a rapid virtual prototyping concept. We present a boundary element method (BEM) allowing discontinuous fields between surfaces. The corresponding edges of the CAD model are enhanced with the data required to integrate over no...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 1, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09142
A Brief Discussion on KPI Development in Public Administration
[ "cs.LG" ]
Efficient and effective service delivery in Public Administration (PA) relies on the development and utilization of key performance indicators (KPIs) for evaluating and measuring performance. This paper presents an innovative framework for KPI construction within performance evaluation systems, leveraging Random Forest...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09149
Student-Informed Teacher Training
[ "cs.RO", "cs.LG" ]
Imitation learning with a privileged teacher has proven effective for learning complex control behaviors from high-dimensional inputs, such as images. In this framework, a teacher is trained with privileged task information, while a student tries to predict the actions of the teacher with more limited observations, e.g...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 1, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09150
Evaluating Adversarial Attacks on Traffic Sign Classifiers beyond Standard Baselines
[ "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
Adversarial attacks on traffic sign classification models were among the first successfully tried in the real world. Since then, the research in this area has been mainly restricted to repeating baseline models, such as LISA-CNN or GTSRB-CNN, and similar experiment settings, including white and black patches on traffic...
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2412.09160
Pinpoint Counterfactuals: Reducing social bias in foundation models via localized counterfactual generation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Foundation models trained on web-scraped datasets propagate societal biases to downstream tasks. While counterfactual generation enables bias analysis, existing methods introduce artifacts by modifying contextual elements like clothing and background. We present a localized counterfactual generation method that preserv...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09164
$(\epsilon, \delta)$-Differentially Private Partial Least Squares Regression
[ "stat.ML", "cs.LG" ]
As data-privacy requirements are becoming increasingly stringent and statistical models based on sensitive data are being deployed and used more routinely, protecting data-privacy becomes pivotal. Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression is the premier tool for building such models in analytical chemistry, yet it does no...
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2412.09165
When Text Embedding Meets Large Language Model: A Comprehensive Survey
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI", "cs.IR" ]
Text embedding has become a foundational technology in natural language processing (NLP) during the deep learning era, driving advancements across a wide array of downstream tasks. While many natural language understanding challenges can now be modeled using generative paradigms and leverage the robust generative and c...
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2412.09168
YingSound: Video-Guided Sound Effects Generation with Multi-modal Chain-of-Thought Controls
[ "cs.SD", "cs.CV", "cs.MM", "eess.AS" ]
Generating sound effects for product-level videos, where only a small amount of labeled data is available for diverse scenes, requires the production of high-quality sounds in few-shot settings. To tackle the challenge of limited labeled data in real-world scenes, we introduce YingSound, a foundation model designed for...
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2412.09169
DECOR:Decomposition and Projection of Text Embeddings for Text-to-Image Customization
[ "cs.CV" ]
Text-to-image (T2I) models can effectively capture the content or style of reference images to perform high-quality customization. A representative technique for this is fine-tuning using low-rank adaptations (LoRA), which enables efficient model customization with reference images. However, fine-tuning with a limited ...
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2412.09173
ReFF: Reinforcing Format Faithfulness in Language Models across Varied Tasks
[ "cs.CL" ]
Following formatting instructions to generate well-structured content is a fundamental yet often unmet capability for large language models (LLMs). To study this capability, which we refer to as format faithfulness, we present FormatBench, a comprehensive format-related benchmark. Compared to previous format-related be...
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2412.09177
Weighted Poisson-disk Resampling on Large-Scale Point Clouds
[ "cs.CV", "cs.CG" ]
For large-scale point cloud processing, resampling takes the important role of controlling the point number and density while keeping the geometric consistency. % in related tasks. However, current methods cannot balance such different requirements. Particularly with large-scale point clouds, classical methods often st...
{ "Other": 1, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09181
Strategic Bidding in the Frequency-Containment Ancillary Services Market
[ "eess.SY", "cs.SY" ]
The vast integration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources compromises power system stability, increasing vulnerability to frequency deviations due to the lack of inertia. Current efforts to decarbonise electricity grids while maintaining frequency security still rely on Ancillary Services (AS) provision, such as...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 1 }
2412.09182
On the effectiveness of Rotation-Equivariance in U-Net: A Benchmark for Image Segmentation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Numerous studies have recently focused on incorporating different variations of equivariance in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). In particular, rotation-equivariance has gathered significant attention due to its relevance in many applications related to medical imaging, microscopic imaging, satellite imaging, indu...
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2412.09183
Dimensionality Reduction Techniques for Global Bayesian Optimisation
[ "math.OC", "cs.LG", "cs.NA", "math.NA" ]
Bayesian Optimisation (BO) is a state-of-the-art global optimisation technique for black-box problems where derivative information is unavailable, and sample efficiency is crucial. However, improving the general scalability of BO has proved challenging. Here, we explore Latent Space Bayesian Optimisation (LSBO), that a...
{ "Other": 1, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09191
RAD: Region-Aware Diffusion Models for Image Inpainting
[ "cs.CV" ]
Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation, with applications broadening across various domains. Inpainting is one such application that can benefit significantly from diffusion models. Existing methods either hijack the reverse process of a pretrained diffusion model or cast the problem into...
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2412.09193
ExpRDiff: Short-exposure Guided Diffusion Model for Realistic Local Motion Deblurring
[ "cs.CV" ]
Removing blur caused by moving objects is challenging, as the moving objects are usually significantly blurry while the static background remains clear. Existing methods that rely on local blur detection often suffer from inaccuracies and cannot generate satisfactory results when focusing solely on blurred regions. To ...
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2412.09195
On the Generation and Removal of Speaker Adversarial Perturbation for Voice-Privacy Protection
[ "cs.SD", "cs.LG", "eess.AS" ]
Neural networks are commonly known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks mounted through subtle perturbation on the input data. Recent development in voice-privacy protection has shown the positive use cases of the same technique to conceal speaker's voice attribute with additive perturbation signal generated by an a...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 1, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09199
MVC-VPR: Mutual Learning of Viewpoint Classification and Visual Place Recognition
[ "cs.CV" ]
Visual Place Recognition (VPR) aims to robustly identify locations by leveraging image retrieval based on descriptors encoded from environmental images. However, drastic appearance changes of images captured from different viewpoints at the same location pose incoherent supervision signals for descriptor learning, whic...
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2412.09200
Accuracy Improvements for Convolutional and Differential Distance Function Approximations
[ "math.NA", "cs.CV", "cs.NA" ]
Given a bounded domain, we deal with the problem of estimating the distance function from the internal points of the domain to the boundary of the domain. Convolutional and differential distance estimation schemes are considered and, for both the schemes, accuracy improvements are proposed and evaluated. Asymptotics of...
{ "Other": 1, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09202
Temporal Action Localization with Cross Layer Task Decoupling and Refinement
[ "cs.CV" ]
Temporal action localization (TAL) involves dual tasks to classify and localize actions within untrimmed videos. However, the two tasks often have conflicting requirements for features. Existing methods typically employ separate heads for classification and localization tasks but share the same input feature, leading t...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09203
CleanComedy: Creating Friendly Humor through Generative Techniques
[ "cs.CL" ]
Humor generation is a challenging task in natural language processing due to limited resources and the quality of existing datasets. Available humor language resources often suffer from toxicity and duplication, limiting their effectiveness for training robust models. This paper proposes CleanComedy, a specialized, par...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.09209
eCARLA-scenes: A synthetically generated dataset for event-based optical flow prediction
[ "cs.CV" ]
The joint use of event-based vision and Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) is expected to have a large impact in robotics in the near future, in tasks such as, visual odometry and obstacle avoidance. While researchers have used real-world event datasets for optical flow prediction (mostly captured with Unmanned Aerial Vehi...
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2412.09213
Enhancing Implicit Neural Representations via Symmetric Power Transformation
[ "cs.CV" ]
We propose symmetric power transformation to enhance the capacity of Implicit Neural Representation~(INR) from the perspective of data transformation. Unlike prior work utilizing random permutation or index rearrangement, our method features a reversible operation that does not require additional storage consumption. S...
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2412.09218
On the metric mean dimensions of saturated sets
[ "math.DS", "cs.IT", "math.IT" ]
Saturated set and its reduced case, the set of generic points, constitute two significant types of fractal-like sets in multifractal analysis of dynamical systems. In the context of infinite entropy systems, this paper aims to give some qualitative aspects of saturated sets and the set of generic points in both topolog...
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