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2412.19847
Symbolic Disentangled Representations for Images
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
The idea of disentangled representations is to reduce the data to a set of generative factors that produce it. Typically, such representations are vectors in latent space, where each coordinate corresponds to one of the generative factors. The object can then be modified by changing the value of a particular coordinate...
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2412.19848
Generative Landmarks Guided Eyeglasses Removal 3D Face Reconstruction
[ "cs.CV" ]
Single-view 3D face reconstruction is a fundamental Computer Vision problem of extraordinary difficulty. Current systems often assume the input is unobstructed faces which makes their method not suitable for in-the-wild conditions. We present a method for performing a 3D face that removes eyeglasses from a single image...
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2412.19849
3D Face Reconstruction With Geometry Details From a Single Color Image Under Occluded Scenes
[ "cs.CV" ]
3D face reconstruction technology aims to generate a face stereo model naturally and realistically. Previous deep face reconstruction approaches are typically designed to generate convincing textures and cannot generalize well to multiple occluded scenarios simultaneously. By introducing bump mapping, we successfully a...
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2412.19853
Conditional Balance: Improving Multi-Conditioning Trade-Offs in Image Generation
[ "cs.CV", "cs.GR", "cs.LG" ]
Balancing content fidelity and artistic style is a pivotal challenge in image generation. While traditional style transfer methods and modern Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) strive to achieve this balance, they often struggle to do so without sacrificing either style, content, or sometimes both. This w...
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2412.19856
Fusion of Deep Learning and GIS for Advanced Remote Sensing Image Analysis
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "eess.SP" ]
This paper presents an innovative framework for remote sensing image analysis by fusing deep learning techniques, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The primary objective is to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of sp...
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2412.19860
UniAvatar: Taming Lifelike Audio-Driven Talking Head Generation with Comprehensive Motion and Lighting Control
[ "cs.CV" ]
Recently, animating portrait images using audio input is a popular task. Creating lifelike talking head videos requires flexible and natural movements, including facial and head dynamics, camera motion, realistic light and shadow effects. Existing methods struggle to offer comprehensive, multifaceted control over these...
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2412.19867
Data-Free Group-Wise Fully Quantized Winograd Convolution via Learnable Scales
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
Despite the revolutionary breakthroughs of large-scale textto-image diffusion models for complex vision and downstream tasks, their extremely high computational and storage costs limit their usability. Quantization of diffusion models has been explored in recent works to reduce compute costs and memory bandwidth usage....
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2412.19869
A Fully Hardware Implemented Accelerator Design in ReRAM Analog Computing without ADCs
[ "cs.AR", "cs.AI" ]
Emerging ReRAM-based accelerators process neural networks via analog Computing-in-Memory (CiM) for ultra-high energy efficiency. However, significant overhead in peripheral circuits and complex nonlinear activation modes constrain system energy efficiency improvements. This work explores the hardware implementation of ...
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2412.19871
Neighbor Does Matter: Density-Aware Contrastive Learning for Medical Semi-supervised Segmentation
[ "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
In medical image analysis, multi-organ semi-supervised segmentation faces challenges such as insufficient labels and low contrast in soft tissues. To address these issues, existing studies typically employ semi-supervised segmentation techniques using pseudo-labeling and consistency regularization. However, these metho...
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2412.19873
Minimax-Optimal Multi-Agent Robust Reinforcement Learning
[ "cs.LG" ]
Multi-agent robust reinforcement learning, also known as multi-player robust Markov games (RMGs), is a crucial framework for modeling competitive interactions under environmental uncertainties, with wide applications in multi-agent systems. However, existing results on sample complexity in RMGs suffer from at least one...
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2412.19876
WiSER-X: Wireless Signals-based Efficient Decentralized Multi-Robot Exploration without Explicit Information Exchange
[ "cs.RO" ]
We introduce a Wireless Signal based Efficient multi-Robot eXploration (WiSER-X) algorithm applicable to a decentralized team of robots exploring an unknown environment with communication bandwidth constraints. WiSER-X relies only on local inter-robot relative position estimates, that can be obtained by exchanging sign...
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2412.19877
Image Classification with Deep Reinforcement Active Learning
[ "cs.CV" ]
Deep learning is currently reaching outstanding performances on different tasks, including image classification, especially when using large neural networks. The success of these models is tributary to the availability of large collections of labeled training data. In many real-world scenarios, labeled data are scarce,...
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2412.19878
YOLO-MST: Multiscale deep learning method for infrared small target detection based on super-resolution and YOLO
[ "cs.CV" ]
With the advancement of aerospace technology and the increasing demands of military applications, the development of low false-alarm and high-precision infrared small target detection algorithms has emerged as a key focus of research globally. However, the traditional model-driven method is not robust enough when deali...
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2412.19883
A Neural Network-Based Search for Unmodeled Transients in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Third Observing Run
[ "gr-qc", "astro-ph.IM", "cs.LG" ]
This paper presents the results of a Neural Network (NN)-based search for short-duration gravitational-wave transients in data from the third observing run of LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA. The search targets unmodeled transients with durations of milliseconds to a few seconds in the 30-1500 Hz frequency band, without assumpt...
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2412.19897
Surrogate Modeling for Explainable Predictive Time Series Corrections
[ "stat.ML", "cs.LG" ]
We introduce a local surrogate approach for explainable time-series forecasting. An initially non-interpretable predictive model to improve the forecast of a classical time-series 'base model' is used. 'Explainability' of the correction is provided by fitting the base model again to the data from which the error predic...
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2412.19906
Evaluate Summarization in Fine-Granularity: Auto Evaluation with LLM
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
Due to the exponential growth of information and the need for efficient information consumption the task of summarization has gained paramount importance. Evaluating summarization accurately and objectively presents significant challenges, particularly when dealing with long and unstructured texts rich in content. Exis...
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2412.19909
Mouth Articulation-Based Anchoring for Improved Cross-Corpus Speech Emotion Recognition
[ "cs.SD", "cs.LG", "eess.AS" ]
Cross-corpus speech emotion recognition (SER) plays a vital role in numerous practical applications. Traditional approaches to cross-corpus emotion transfer often concentrate on adapting acoustic features to align with different corpora, domains, or labels. However, acoustic features are inherently variable and error-p...
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2412.19913
Leveraging Scene Geometry and Depth Information for Robust Image Deraining
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "eess.IV" ]
Image deraining holds great potential for enhancing the vision of autonomous vehicles in rainy conditions, contributing to safer driving. Previous works have primarily focused on employing a single network architecture to generate derained images. However, they often fail to fully exploit the rich prior knowledge embed...
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2412.19915
Identifying Cocoa Pollinators: A Deep Learning Dataset
[ "q-bio.QM", "cs.AI" ]
Cocoa is a multi-billion-dollar industry but research on improving yields through pollination remains limited. New embedded hardware and AI-based data analysis is advancing information on cocoa flower visitors, their identity and implications for yields. We present the first cocoa flower visitor dataset containing 5,79...
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2412.19916
On the Convergence of DP-SGD with Adaptive Clipping
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CR", "math.OC", "stat.ML" ]
Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with gradient clipping is a powerful technique for enabling differentially private optimization. Although prior works extensively investigated clipping with a constant threshold, private training remains highly sensitive to threshold selection, which can be expensive or even infeasible...
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2412.19917
Char-SAM: Turning Segment Anything Model into Scene Text Segmentation Annotator with Character-level Visual Prompts
[ "cs.CV" ]
The recent emergence of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) enables various domain-specific segmentation tasks to be tackled cost-effectively by using bounding boxes as prompts. However, in scene text segmentation, SAM can not achieve desirable performance. The word-level bounding box as prompts is too coarse for characte...
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2412.19920
Not all Views are Created Equal: Analyzing Viewpoint Instabilities in Vision Foundation Models
[ "cs.CV" ]
In this paper, we analyze the viewpoint stability of foundational models - specifically, their sensitivity to changes in viewpoint- and define instability as significant feature variations resulting from minor changes in viewing angle, leading to generalization gaps in 3D reasoning tasks. We investigate nine foundation...
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2412.19925
HADES: Hardware Accelerated Decoding for Efficient Speculation in Large Language Models
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI", "cs.AR" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by understanding and generating human-like text. However, the increasing demand for more sophisticated LLMs presents significant computational challenges due to their scale and complexity. This paper introduces Hardware Accelerated Decoding (H...
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2412.19926
Right vs. Right: Can LLMs Make Tough Choices?
[ "cs.CL" ]
An ethical dilemma describes a choice between two "right" options involving conflicting moral values. We present a comprehensive evaluation of how LLMs navigate ethical dilemmas. Specifically, we investigate LLMs on their (1) sensitivity in comprehending ethical dilemmas, (2) consistency in moral value choice, (3) cons...
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2412.19927
Modeling Continuous Spatial-temporal Dynamics of Turbulent Flow with Test-time Refinement
[ "physics.flu-dyn", "cs.AI" ]
The precise simulation of turbulent flows holds immense significance across various scientific and engineering domains, including climate science, freshwater science, and energy-efficient manufacturing. Within the realm of simulating turbulent flows, large eddy simulation (LES) has emerged as a prevalent alternative to...
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2412.19928
Assessing Text Classification Methods for Cyberbullying Detection on Social Media Platforms
[ "cs.CL", "cs.SI" ]
Cyberbullying significantly contributes to mental health issues in communities by negatively impacting the psychology of victims. It is a prevalent problem on social media platforms, necessitating effective, real-time detection and monitoring systems to identify harmful messages. However, current cyberbullying detectio...
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2412.19931
Pivoting B2B platform business models: From platform experimentation to multi-platform integration to ecosystem envelopment
[ "econ.GN", "cs.AI", "q-fin.EC" ]
The landscape of digital servitization in the manufacturing sector is evolving, marked by a strategic shift from traditional product-centric to platform business models (BMs). Manufacturing firms often employ a blend of approaches to develop business-to-business (B2B) platforms, leading to significant reconfigurations ...
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2412.19932
Hidformer: Transformer-Style Neural Network in Stock Price Forecasting
[ "cs.CE", "cs.AI", "cs.LG", "q-fin.CP" ]
This paper investigates the application of Transformer-based neural networks to stock price forecasting, with a special focus on the intersection of machine learning techniques and financial market analysis. The evolution of Transformer models, from their inception to their adaptation for time series analysis in financ...
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2412.19938
Towards Strong AI: Transformational Beliefs and Scientific Creativity
[ "stat.OT", "cs.AI" ]
Strong artificial intelligence (AI) is envisioned to possess general cognitive abilities and scientific creativity comparable to human intelligence, encompassing both knowledge acquisition and problem-solving. While remarkable progress has been made in weak AI, the realization of strong AI remains a topic of intense de...
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2412.19942
Detecting and Diagnosing Faults in Autonomous Robot Swarms with an Artificial Antibody Population Model
[ "cs.RO" ]
An active approach to fault tolerance is essential for long term autonomy in robots -- particularly multi-robot systems and swarms. Previous efforts have primarily focussed on spontaneously occurring electro-mechanical failures in the sensors and actuators of a minority sub-population of robots. While the systems that ...
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2412.19944
Zero-shot Hazard Identification in Autonomous Driving: A Case Study on the COOOL Benchmark
[ "cs.CV" ]
This paper presents our submission to the COOOL competition, a novel benchmark for detecting and classifying out-of-label hazards in autonomous driving. Our approach integrates diverse methods across three core tasks: (i) driver reaction detection, (ii) hazard object identification, and (iii) hazard captioning. We prop...
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2412.19947
Standard-Deviation-Inspired Regularization for Improving Adversarial Robustness
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.CR", "cs.CV", "stat.ML" ]
Adversarial Training (AT) has been demonstrated to improve the robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) against adversarial attacks. AT is a min-max optimization procedure where in adversarial examples are generated to train a more robust DNN. The inner maximization step of AT increases the losses of inputs with respe...
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2412.19948
Motion Planning Diffusion: Learning and Adapting Robot Motion Planning with Diffusion Models
[ "cs.RO" ]
The performance of optimization-based robot motion planning algorithms is highly dependent on the initial solutions, commonly obtained by running a sampling-based planner to obtain a collision-free path. However, these methods can be slow in high-dimensional and complex scenes and produce non-smooth solutions. Given pr...
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2412.19950
Data-driven tool wear prediction in milling, based on a process-integrated single-sensor approach
[ "cs.LG", "cs.RO", "eess.SP" ]
Accurate tool wear prediction is essential for maintaining productivity and minimizing costs in machining. However, the complex nature of the tool wear process poses significant challenges to achieving reliable predictions. This study explores data-driven methods, in particular deep learning, for tool wear prediction. ...
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2412.19954
ErgoChat: a Visual Query System for the Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Construction Workers
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
In the construction sector, workers often endure prolonged periods of high-intensity physical work and prolonged use of tools, resulting in injuries and illnesses primarily linked to postural ergonomic risks, a longstanding predominant health concern. To mitigate these risks, researchers have applied various technologi...
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2412.19964
DepthMamba with Adaptive Fusion
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Multi-view depth estimation has achieved impressive performance over various benchmarks. However, almost all current multi-view systems rely on given ideal camera poses, which are unavailable in many real-world scenarios, such as autonomous driving. In this work, we propose a new robustness benchmark to evaluate the de...
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2412.19966
Bridging Context Gaps: Enhancing Comprehension in Long-Form Social Conversations Through Contextualized Excerpts
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
We focus on enhancing comprehension in small-group recorded conversations, which serve as a medium to bring people together and provide a space for sharing personal stories and experiences on crucial social matters. One way to parse and convey information from these conversations is by sharing highlighted excerpts in s...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.19967
MobileNetV2: A lightweight classification model for home-based sleep apnea screening
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "eess.SP" ]
This study proposes a novel lightweight neural network model leveraging features extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiratory signals for early OSA screening. ECG signals are used to generate feature spectrograms to predict sleep stages, while respiratory signals are employed to detect sleep-related breathing...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.19973
An Overview of Cellular ISAC for Low-Altitude UAV: New Opportunities and Challenges
[ "cs.IT", "math.IT" ]
Low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to play an important role in future wireless networks, either as aerial base stations (BSs) or aerial users connected to the cellular network. In addition, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been identified as one of the six usage scenarios for the ...
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2412.19976
Will you donate money to a chatbot? The effect of chatbot anthropomorphic features and persuasion strategies on willingness to donate
[ "cs.HC", "cs.AI", "cs.CY" ]
This work investigates the causal mechanism behind the effect of chatbot personification and persuasion strategies on users' perceptions and donation likelihood. In a 2 (personified vs. non-personified chatbot) x 2 (emotional vs. logical persuasion strategy) between-subjects experiment (N=76), participants engaged with...
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2412.19978
MAKIMA: Tuning-free Multi-Attribute Open-domain Video Editing via Mask-Guided Attention Modulation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Diffusion-based text-to-image (T2I) models have demonstrated remarkable results in global video editing tasks. However, their focus is primarily on global video modifications, and achieving desired attribute-specific changes remains a challenging task, specifically in multi-attribute editing (MAE) in video. Contemporar...
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2412.19979
Explainable Semantic Federated Learning Enabled Industrial Edge Network for Fire Surveillance
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CR", "cs.IT", "math.IT" ]
In fire surveillance, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices require transmitting large monitoring data frequently, which leads to huge consumption of spectrum resources. Hence, we propose an Industrial Edge Semantic Network (IESN) to allow IIoT devices to send warnings through Semantic communication (SC). Thus, ...
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2412.19980
Hades: Homomorphic Augmented Decryption for Efficient Symbol-comparison -- A Database's Perspective
[ "cs.DB", "cs.CR" ]
Outsourced databases powered by fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) offer the promise of secure data processing on untrusted cloud servers. A crucial aspect of database functionality, and one that has remained challenging to integrate efficiently within FHE schemes, is the ability to perform comparisons on encrypted dat...
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2412.19985
The Fifth International Verification of Neural Networks Competition (VNN-COMP 2024): Summary and Results
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
This report summarizes the 5th International Verification of Neural Networks Competition (VNN-COMP 2024), held as a part of the 7th International Symposium on AI Verification (SAIV), that was collocated with the 36th International Conference on Computer-Aided Verification (CAV). VNN-COMP is held annually to facilitate ...
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2412.19987
Delayed Random Partial Gradient Averaging for Federated Learning
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.DC" ]
Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to train a shared model collaboratively while preserving privacy. However, the scaling of real-world FL systems is often limited by two communication bottlenecks:(a) while the increasing computing power of edge devices enab...
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2412.19989
Caesar: A Low-deviation Compression Approach for Efficient Federated Learning
[ "cs.LG", "cs.DC" ]
Compression is an efficient way to relieve the tremendous communication overhead of federated learning (FL) systems. However, for the existing works, the information loss under compression will lead to unexpected model/gradient deviation for the FL training, significantly degrading the training performance, especially ...
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2412.19990
SegKAN: High-Resolution Medical Image Segmentation with Long-Distance Dependencies
[ "eess.IV", "cs.CV" ]
Hepatic vessels in computed tomography scans often suffer from image fragmentation and noise interference, making it difficult to maintain vessel integrity and posing significant challenges for vessel segmentation. To address this issue, we propose an innovative model: SegKAN. First, we improve the conventional embeddi...
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2412.19991
A Robust Federated Learning Framework for Undependable Devices at Scale
[ "cs.LG", "cs.DC" ]
In a federated learning (FL) system, many devices, such as smartphones, are often undependable (e.g., frequently disconnected from WiFi) during training. Existing FL frameworks always assume a dependable environment and exclude undependable devices from training, leading to poor model performance and resource wastage. ...
{ "Other": 1, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.19992
An Ordinary Differential Equation Sampler with Stochastic Start for Diffusion Bridge Models
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Diffusion bridge models have demonstrated promising performance in conditional image generation tasks, such as image restoration and translation, by initializing the generative process from corrupted images instead of pure Gaussian noise. However, existing diffusion bridge models often rely on Stochastic Differential E...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.19993
Discrete Curvature Graph Information Bottleneck
[ "cs.LG" ]
Graph neural networks(GNNs) have been demonstrated to depend on whether the node effective information is sufficiently passing. Discrete curvature (Ricci curvature) is used to study graph connectivity and information propagation efficiency with a geometric perspective, and has been raised in recent years to explore the...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.19994
From Generalist to Specialist: A Survey of Large Language Models for Chemistry
[ "physics.chem-ph", "cs.AI", "cs.CL", "cs.LG" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly transformed our daily life and established a new paradigm in natural language processing (NLP). However, the predominant pretraining of LLMs on extensive web-based texts remains insufficient for advanced scientific discovery, particularly in chemistry. The scarcity of spe...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.19997
FashionFAE: Fine-grained Attributes Enhanced Fashion Vision-Language Pre-training
[ "cs.CV" ]
Large-scale Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has demonstrated remarkable success in the general domain. However, in the fashion domain, items are distinguished by fine-grained attributes like texture and material, which are crucial for tasks such as retrieval. Existing models often fail to leverage these fine-grained...
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2412.19999
Comprehensive Review of EEG-to-Output Research: Decoding Neural Signals into Images, Videos, and Audio
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "q-bio.NC" ]
Electroencephalography (EEG) is an invaluable tool in neuroscience, offering insights into brain activity with high temporal resolution. Recent advancements in machine learning and generative modeling have catalyzed the application of EEG in reconstructing perceptual experiences, including images, videos, and audio. Th...
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2412.20002
Learning Adaptive and View-Invariant Vision Transformer with Multi-Teacher Knowledge Distillation for Real-Time UAV Tracking
[ "cs.CV" ]
Visual tracking has made significant strides due to the adoption of transformer-based models. Most state-of-the-art trackers struggle to meet real-time processing demands on mobile platforms with constrained computing resources, particularly for real-time unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tracking. To achieve a better bala...
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2412.20004
Adaptive Parameter-Efficient Federated Fine-Tuning on Heterogeneous Devices
[ "cs.DC", "cs.AI", "cs.NI" ]
Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) has been proposed to fine-tune the pre-trained language models in a distributed manner. However, there are two critical challenges for efficient FedFT in practical applications, i.e., resource constraints and system heterogeneity. Existing works rely on parameter-efficient fine-tuning meth...
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2412.20005
OneKE: A Dockerized Schema-Guided LLM Agent-based Knowledge Extraction System
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI", "cs.DB", "cs.IR", "cs.LG" ]
We introduce OneKE, a dockerized schema-guided knowledge extraction system, which can extract knowledge from the Web and raw PDF Books, and support various domains (science, news, etc.). Specifically, we design OneKE with multiple agents and a configure knowledge base. Different agents perform their respective roles, e...
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2412.20006
Adversarial Robustness for Deep Learning-based Wildfire Prediction Models
[ "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
Smoke detection using Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is an effective approach for early wildfire detection. However, because smoke is temporally and spatially anomalous, there are limitations in collecting sufficient training data. This raises overfitting and bias concerns in existing DNN-based wildfire detection models. ...
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2412.20007
Uncertainty Quantified Deep Learning and Regression Analysis Framework for Image Segmentation of Skin Cancer Lesions
[ "eess.IV", "cs.CV" ]
Deep learning models (DLMs) frequently achieve accurate segmentation and classification of tumors from medical images. However, DLMs lacking feedback on their image segmentation mechanisms, such as Dice coefficients and confidence in their performance, face challenges when processing previously unseen images in real-wo...
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2412.20014
ProtCLIP: Function-Informed Protein Multi-Modal Learning
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "q-bio.BM" ]
Multi-modality pre-training paradigm that aligns protein sequences and biological descriptions has learned general protein representations and achieved promising performance in various downstream applications. However, these works were still unable to replicate the extraordinary success of language-supervised visual fo...
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2412.20017
A Nearly Optimal Single Loop Algorithm for Stochastic Bilevel Optimization under Unbounded Smoothness
[ "cs.LG", "math.OC" ]
This paper studies the problem of stochastic bilevel optimization where the upper-level function is nonconvex with potentially unbounded smoothness and the lower-level function is strongly convex. This problem is motivated by meta-learning applied to sequential data, such as text classification using recurrent neural n...
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2412.20018
Self-Assembly of a Biologically Plausible Learning Circuit
[ "cs.NE" ]
Over the last four decades, the amazing success of deep learning has been driven by the use of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as the main optimization technique. The default implementation for the computation of the gradient for SGD is backpropagation, which, with its variations, is used to this day in almost all co...
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2412.20020
Calibre: Towards Fair and Accurate Personalized Federated Learning with Self-Supervised Learning
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.DC" ]
In the context of personalized federated learning, existing approaches train a global model to extract transferable representations, based on which any client could train personalized models with a limited number of data samples. Self-supervised learning is considered a promising direction as the global model it produc...
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2412.20023
Global Search of Optimal Spacecraft Trajectories using Amortization and Deep Generative Models
[ "math.OC", "cs.LG", "cs.SY", "eess.SY" ]
Preliminary spacecraft trajectory optimization is a parameter dependent global search problem that aims to provide a set of solutions that are of high quality and diverse. In the case of numerical solution, it is dependent on the original optimal control problem, the choice of a control transcription, and the behavior ...
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2412.20024
BaiJia: A Large-Scale Role-Playing Agent Corpus of Chinese Historical Characters
[ "cs.AI", "cs.CL" ]
We introduce a comprehensive large-scale role-playing agent corpus, termed BaiJia, that comprises various Chinese historical characters. This corpus is noteworthy for being the pioneering compilation of low-resource data that can be utilized in large language models (LLMs) to engage in AI-driven historical role-playing...
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2412.20025
A Robust Adversarial Ensemble with Causal (Feature Interaction) Interpretations for Image Classification
[ "cs.CV" ]
Deep learning-based discriminative classifiers, despite their remarkable success, remain vulnerable to adversarial examples that can mislead model predictions. While adversarial training can enhance robustness, it fails to address the intrinsic vulnerability stemming from the opaque nature of these black-box models. We...
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2412.20032
Online Low-Carbon Workload, Energy, and Temperature Management of Distributed Data Centers
[ "eess.SY", "cs.SY" ]
Data centers have become one of the major energy consumers, making their low-carbon operations critical to achieving global carbon neutrality. Although distributed data centers have the potential to reduce costs and emissions through cooperation, they are facing challenges due to uncertainties. This paper proposes an o...
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2412.20033
Children's Acquisition of Tail-recursion Sequences: A Review of Locative Recursion and Possessive Recursion as Examples
[ "cs.NE", "cs.CL" ]
Recursion is the nature of human natural language. Since Chomsky proposed generative grammar, many scholars have studied recursion either theoretically or empirically. However, by observing children's acquisition of tail recursion sequences, we can verify the nativism of language supported by universal grammar and reve...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 1, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.20034
Maintain Plasticity in Long-timescale Continual Test-time Adaptation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Continual test-time domain adaptation (CTTA) aims to adjust pre-trained source models to perform well over time across non-stationary target environments. While previous methods have made considerable efforts to optimize the adaptation process, a crucial question remains: can the model adapt to continually-changing env...
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2412.20035
A Greedy Strategy for Graph Cut
[ "cs.LG" ]
We propose a Greedy strategy to solve the problem of Graph Cut, called GGC. It starts from the state where each data sample is regarded as a cluster and dynamically merges the two clusters which reduces the value of the global objective function the most until the required number of clusters is obtained, and the monoto...
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2412.20036
Invariant debiasing learning for recommendation via biased imputation
[ "cs.IR" ]
Previous debiasing studies utilize unbiased data to make supervision of model training. They suffer from the high trial risks and experimental costs to obtain unbiased data. Recent research attempts to use invariant learning to detach the invariant preference of users for unbiased recommendations in an unsupervised way...
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2412.20040
A Contrastive Pretrain Model with Prompt Tuning for Multi-center Medication Recommendation
[ "cs.IR" ]
Medication recommendation is one of the most critical health-related applications, which has attracted extensive research interest recently. Most existing works focus on a single hospital with abundant medical data. However, many small hospitals only have a few records, which hinders applying existing medication recomm...
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2412.20042
DAVE: Diverse Atomic Visual Elements Dataset with High Representation of Vulnerable Road Users in Complex and Unpredictable Environments
[ "cs.CV" ]
Most existing traffic video datasets including Waymo are structured, focusing predominantly on Western traffic, which hinders global applicability. Specifically, most Asian scenarios are far more complex, involving numerous objects with distinct motions and behaviors. Addressing this gap, we present a new dataset, DAVE...
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2412.20043
STAYKATE: Hybrid In-Context Example Selection Combining Representativeness Sampling and Retrieval-based Approach -- A Case Study on Science Domains
[ "cs.CL" ]
Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate the ability to learn in-context, offering a potential solution for scientific information extraction, which often contends with challenges such as insufficient training data and the high cost of annotation processes. Given that the selection of in-context examples can significan...
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2412.20045
Enhancing Diffusion Models for Inverse Problems with Covariance-Aware Posterior Sampling
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Inverse problems exist in many disciplines of science and engineering. In computer vision, for example, tasks such as inpainting, deblurring, and super resolution can be effectively modeled as inverse problems. Recently, denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) are shown to provide a promising solution to noisy...
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2412.20047
SimLTD: Simple Supervised and Semi-Supervised Long-Tailed Object Detection
[ "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
Recent years have witnessed tremendous advances on modern visual recognition systems. Despite such progress, many vision models still struggle with the open problem of learning from few exemplars. This paper focuses on the task of object detection in the setting where object classes follow a natural long-tailed distrib...
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2412.20048
CrossSpeech++: Cross-lingual Speech Synthesis with Decoupled Language and Speaker Generation
[ "eess.AS", "cs.AI", "cs.SD", "eess.SP" ]
The goal of this work is to generate natural speech in multiple languages while maintaining the same speaker identity, a task known as cross-lingual speech synthesis. A key challenge of cross-lingual speech synthesis is the language-speaker entanglement problem, which causes the quality of cross-lingual systems to lag ...
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2412.20049
Reinforcement Learning Driven Multi-Robot Exploration via Explicit Communication and Density-Based Frontier Search
[ "cs.RO" ]
Collaborative multi-agent exploration of unknown environments is crucial for search and rescue operations. Effective real-world deployment must address challenges such as limited inter-agent communication and static and dynamic obstacles. This paper introduces a novel decentralized collaborative framework based on Rein...
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2412.20052
Improving SSVEP BCI Spellers With Data Augmentation and Language Models
[ "cs.HC", "cs.NE" ]
Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) spellers are a promising communication tool for individuals with disabilities. This Brain-Computer Interface utilizes scalp potential data from (electroencephalography) EEG electrodes on a subject's head to decode specific letters or arbitrary targets the subject is looking ...
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2412.20056
GSplatLoc: Ultra-Precise Camera Localization via 3D Gaussian Splatting
[ "cs.CV" ]
We present GSplatLoc, a camera localization method that leverages the differentiable rendering capabilities of 3D Gaussian splatting for ultra-precise pose estimation. By formulating pose estimation as a gradient-based optimization problem that minimizes discrepancies between rendered depth maps from a pre-existing 3D ...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.20057
"My life is miserable, have to sign 500 autographs everyday": Exposing Humblebragging, the Brags in Disguise
[ "cs.CL" ]
Humblebragging is a phenomenon where individuals present self-promotional statements under the guise of modesty or complaints. For example, a statement like, "Ugh, I can't believe I got promoted to lead the entire team. So stressful!", subtly highlights an achievement while pretending to be complaining. Detecting humbl...
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2412.20059
AI-based Wearable Vision Assistance System for the Visually Impaired: Integrating Real-Time Object Recognition and Contextual Understanding Using Large Vision-Language Models
[ "cs.CV" ]
Visual impairment affects the ability of people to live a life like normal people. Such people face challenges in performing activities of daily living, such as reading, writing, traveling and participating in social gatherings. Many traditional approaches are available to help visually impaired people; however, these ...
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2412.20060
Self-Calibrated Dual Contrasting for Annotation-Efficient Bacteria Raman Spectroscopy Clustering and Classification
[ "eess.SP", "cs.CV", "cs.LG", "q-bio.QM" ]
Raman scattering is based on molecular vibration spectroscopy and provides a powerful technology for pathogenic bacteria diagnosis using the unique molecular fingerprint information of a substance. The integration of deep learning technology has significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of intelligent Raman sp...
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2412.20061
Comparative Analysis of Listwise Reranking with Large Language Models in Limited-Resource Language Contexts
[ "cs.CL" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant effectiveness across various NLP tasks, including text ranking. This study assesses the performance of large language models (LLMs) in listwise reranking for limited-resource African languages. We compare proprietary models RankGPT3.5, Rank4o-mini, RankGPTo1-mi...
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2412.20062
MADiff: Text-Guided Fashion Image Editing with Mask Prediction and Attention-Enhanced Diffusion
[ "cs.CV" ]
Text-guided image editing model has achieved great success in general domain. However, directly applying these models to the fashion domain may encounter two issues: (1) Inaccurate localization of editing region; (2) Weak editing magnitude. To address these issues, the MADiff model is proposed. Specifically, to more ac...
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2412.20064
VELoRA: A Low-Rank Adaptation Approach for Efficient RGB-Event based Recognition
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "cs.NE" ]
Pattern recognition leveraging both RGB and Event cameras can significantly enhance performance by deploying deep neural networks that utilize a fine-tuning strategy. Inspired by the successful application of large models, the introduction of such large models can also be considered to further enhance the performance o...
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2412.20066
MaIR: A Locality- and Continuity-Preserving Mamba for Image Restoration
[ "cs.CV" ]
Recent advancements in Mamba have shown promising results in image restoration. These methods typically flatten 2D images into multiple distinct 1D sequences along rows and columns, process each sequence independently using selective scan operation, and recombine them to form the outputs. However, such a paradigm overl...
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2412.20068
The Emotional Spectrum of LLMs: Leveraging Empathy and Emotion-Based Markers for Mental Health Support
[ "cs.HC", "cs.AI", "cs.CL" ]
The increasing demand for mental health services has highlighted the need for innovative solutions, particularly in the realm of psychological conversational AI, where the availability of sensitive data is scarce. In this work, we explored the development of a system tailored for mental health support with a novel appr...
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2412.20070
On the Compositional Generalization of Multimodal LLMs for Medical Imaging
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "cs.CL", "cs.LG" ]
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold significant potential in the medical field, but their capabilities are often limited by insufficient data in certain medical domains, highlighting the need for understanding what kinds of images can be used by MLLMs for generalization. Current research suggests that multi-t...
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2412.20072
Extract Information from Hybrid Long Documents Leveraging LLMs: A Framework and Dataset
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in textual understanding and tabular reasoning tasks. However, their ability to comprehend and analyze hybrid text, containing textual and tabular data, remains unexplored. The hybrid text often appears in the form of hybrid long documents (HLDs), which f...
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2412.20075
Investigating the Impact of Communication-Induced Action Space on Exploration of Unknown Environments with Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
[ "cs.RO" ]
This paper introduces a novel enhancement to the Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (D-MARL) exploration by proposing communication-induced action space to improve the mapping efficiency of unknown environments using homogeneous agents. Efficient exploration of large environments relies heavily on inter-a...
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2412.20082
MambaVO: Deep Visual Odometry Based on Sequential Matching Refinement and Training Smoothing
[ "cs.CV" ]
Deep visual odometry has demonstrated great advancements by learning-to-optimize technology. This approach heavily relies on the visual matching across frames. However, ambiguous matching in challenging scenarios leads to significant errors in geometric modeling and bundle adjustment optimization, which undermines the ...
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2412.20083
Achieving Full-Bandwidth Sensing Performance with Partial Bandwidth Allocation for ISAC
[ "cs.IT", "eess.SP", "math.IT" ]
This letter studies an uplink integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system using discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) transmission. We try to answer the following fundamental question: With only a fractional bandwidth allocated to the user with sensing task, ca...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 1, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.20084
STNMamba: Mamba-based Spatial-Temporal Normality Learning for Video Anomaly Detection
[ "cs.CV" ]
Video anomaly detection (VAD) has been extensively researched due to its potential for intelligent video systems. However, most existing methods based on CNNs and transformers still suffer from substantial computational burdens and have room for improvement in learning spatial-temporal normality. Recently, Mamba has sh...
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2412.20085
Enhancing Marine Debris Acoustic Monitoring by Optical Flow-Based Motion Vector Analysis
[ "cs.CV" ]
With the development of coastal construction, a large amount of human-generated waste, particularly plastic debris, is continuously entering the ocean, posing a severe threat to marine ecosystems. The key to effectively addressing plastic pollution lies in the ability to autonomously monitor such debris. Currently, mar...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.20086
MAFT: Efficient Model-Agnostic Fairness Testing for Deep Neural Networks via Zero-Order Gradient Search
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.CY", "cs.SE" ]
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown powerful performance in various applications and are increasingly being used in decision-making systems. However, concerns about fairness in DNNs always persist. Some efficient white-box fairness testing methods about individual fairness have been proposed. Nevertheless, the devel...
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2412.20087
On the Validity of Traditional Vulnerability Scoring Systems for Adversarial Attacks against LLMs
[ "cs.CR", "cs.AI" ]
This research investigates the effectiveness of established vulnerability metrics, such as the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), in evaluating attacks against Large Language Models (LLMs), with a focus on Adversarial Attacks (AAs). The study explores the influence of both general and specific metric factors i...
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2412.20088
An archaeological Catalog Collection Method Based on Large Vision-Language Models
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Archaeological catalogs, containing key elements such as artifact images, morphological descriptions, and excavation information, are essential for studying artifact evolution and cultural inheritance. These data are widely scattered across publications, requiring automated collection methods. However, existing Large V...
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2412.20090
From Worms to Mice: Homeostasis Maybe All You Need
[ "cs.NE", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
In this brief and speculative commentary, we explore ideas inspired by neural networks in machine learning, proposing that a simple neural XOR motif, involving both excitatory and inhibitory connections, may provide the basis for a relevant mode of plasticity in neural circuits of living organisms, with homeostasis as ...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 1, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.20098
RFPPO: Motion Dynamic RRT based Fluid Field - PPO for Dynamic TF/TA Routing Planning
[ "cs.RO", "cs.AI" ]
Existing local dynamic route planning algorithms, when directly applied to terrain following/terrain avoidance, or dynamic obstacle avoidance for large and medium-sized fixed-wing aircraft, fail to simultaneously meet the requirements of real-time performance, long-distance planning, and the dynamic constraints of larg...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 1, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.20104
SyncDiff: Synchronized Motion Diffusion for Multi-Body Human-Object Interaction Synthesis
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "cs.LG", "cs.RO" ]
Synthesizing realistic human-object interaction motions is a critical problem in VR/AR and human animation. Unlike the commonly studied scenarios involving a single human or hand interacting with one object, we address a more generic multi-body setting with arbitrary numbers of humans, hands, and objects. This complexi...
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