id stringlengths 9 16 | title stringlengths 4 278 | categories listlengths 1 13 | abstract stringlengths 3 4.08k | filtered_category_membership dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2501.00267 | A low order, torsion deformable spatial beam element based on the
absolute nodal coordinate formulation and Bishop frame | [
"cs.CE"
] | Heretofore, the Serret-Frenet frame has been the ubiquitous choice for analyzing the elastic deformations of beam elements. It is well known that this frame is undefined at the inflection points and straight segments of the beam where its curvature is zero, leading to singularities and errors in their numerical analysi... | {
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2501.00269 | A review of faithfulness metrics for hallucination assessment in Large
Language Models | [
"cs.CL"
] | This review examines the means with which faithfulness has been evaluated across open-ended summarization, question-answering and machine translation tasks. We find that the use of LLMs as a faithfulness evaluator is commonly the metric that is most highly correlated with human judgement. The means with which other stu... | {
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2501.00273 | Echoes in AI: Quantifying Lack of Plot Diversity in LLM Outputs | [
"cs.CL"
] | With rapid advances in large language models (LLMs), there has been an increasing application of LLMs in creative content ideation and generation. A critical question emerges: can current LLMs provide ideas that are diverse enough to truly bolster the collective creativity? We examine two state-of-the-art LLMs, GPT-4 a... | {
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2501.00274 | LLM-Rubric: A Multidimensional, Calibrated Approach to Automated
Evaluation of Natural Language Texts | [
"cs.CL"
] | This paper introduces a framework for the automated evaluation of natural language texts. A manually constructed rubric describes how to assess multiple dimensions of interest. To evaluate a text, a large language model (LLM) is prompted with each rubric question and produces a distribution over potential responses. Th... | {
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2501.00277 | Efficient Human-in-the-Loop Active Learning: A Novel Framework for Data
Labeling in AI Systems | [
"stat.ML",
"cs.AI",
"cs.HC",
"cs.LG"
] | Modern AI algorithms require labeled data. In real world, majority of data are unlabeled. Labeling the data are costly. this is particularly true for some areas requiring special skills, such as reading radiology images by physicians. To most efficiently use expert's time for the data labeling, one promising approach i... | {
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2501.00281 | String commitment from unstructured noisy channels | [
"cs.IT",
"cs.CR",
"math.IT"
] | Noisy channels are valuable resources for cryptography, enabling information-theoretically secure protocols for cryptographic primitives like bit commitment and oblivious transfer. While existing work has primarily considered memoryless channels, we consider more flexible channel resources that a dishonest player can c... | {
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2501.00282 | ReFormer: Generating Radio Fakes for Data Augmentation | [
"cs.LG",
"eess.SP"
] | We present ReFormer, a generative AI (GAI) model that can efficiently generate synthetic radio-frequency (RF) data, or RF fakes, statistically similar to the data it was trained on, or with modified statistics, in order to augment datasets collected in real-world experiments. For applications like this, adaptability an... | {
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2501.00288 | Solving Partial Differential Equations with Random Feature Models | [
"math.NA",
"cs.LG",
"cs.NA"
] | Machine learning based partial differential equations (PDEs) solvers have received great attention in recent years. Most progress in this area has been driven by deep neural networks such as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and kernel method. In this paper, we introduce a random feature based framework toward e... | {
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2501.00289 | Dual Diffusion for Unified Image Generation and Understanding | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Diffusion models have gained tremendous success in text-to-image generation, yet still lag behind with visual understanding tasks, an area dominated by autoregressive vision-language models. We propose a large-scale and fully end-to-end diffusion model for multi-modal understanding and generation that significantly imp... | {
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2501.00296 | Predicate Invention from Pixels via Pretrained Vision-Language Models | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Our aim is to learn to solve long-horizon decision-making problems in highly-variable, combinatorially-complex robotics domains given raw sensor input in the form of images. Previous work has shown that one way to achieve this aim is to learn a structured abstract transition model in the form of symbolic predicates and... | {
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2501.00298 | Enhancing Deployment-Time Predictive Model Robustness for Code Analysis
and Optimization | [
"cs.SE",
"cs.AI"
] | Supervised machine learning techniques have shown promising results in code analysis and optimization problems. However, a learning-based solution can be brittle because minor changes in hardware or application workloads -- such as facing a new CPU architecture or code pattern -- may jeopardize decision accuracy, ultim... | {
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2501.00300 | Research on vehicle detection based on improved YOLOv8 network | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | The key to ensuring the safe obstacle avoidance function of autonomous driving systems lies in the use of extremely accurate vehicle recognition techniques. However, the variability of the actual road environment and the diverse characteristics of vehicles and pedestrians together constitute a huge obstacle to improvin... | {
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2501.00303 | SAM-Aware Graph Prompt Reasoning Network for Cross-Domain Few-Shot
Segmentation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | The primary challenge of cross-domain few-shot segmentation (CD-FSS) is the domain disparity between the training and inference phases, which can exist in either the input data or the target classes. Previous models struggle to learn feature representations that generalize to various unknown domains from limited traini... | {
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2501.00305 | diffIRM: A Diffusion-Augmented Invariant Risk Minimization Framework for
Spatiotemporal Prediction over Graphs | [
"cs.LG"
] | Spatiotemporal prediction over graphs (STPG) is challenging, because real-world data suffers from the Out-of-Distribution (OOD) generalization problem, where test data follow different distributions from training ones. To address this issue, Invariant Risk Minimization (IRM) has emerged as a promising approach for lear... | {
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2501.00307 | Fast and Interpretable Mixed-Integer Linear Program Solving by Learning
Model Reduction | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | By exploiting the correlation between the structure and the solution of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), Machine Learning (ML) has become a promising method for solving large-scale MILP problems. Existing ML-based MILP solvers mainly focus on end-to-end solution learning, which suffers from the scalability issu... | {
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2501.00309 | Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Graphs (GraphRAG) | [
"cs.IR",
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG"
] | Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a powerful technique that enhances downstream task execution by retrieving additional information, such as knowledge, skills, and tools from external sources. Graph, by its intrinsic "nodes connected by edges" nature, encodes massive heterogeneous and relational information, maki... | {
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2501.00310 | Conditional Uncertainty Quantification of Stochastic Dynamical
Structures Considering Measurement Conditions | [
"cs.CE"
] | How to accurately quantify the uncertainty of stochastic dynamical responses affected by uncertain loads and structural parameters is an important issue in structural safety and reliability analysis. In this paper, the conditional uncertainty quantification analysis for the dynamical response of stochastic structures c... | {
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2501.00312 | M2I2: Learning Efficient Multi-Agent Communication via Masked State
Modeling and Intention Inference | [
"cs.MA",
"cs.AI"
] | Communication is essential in coordinating the behaviors of multiple agents. However, existing methods primarily emphasize content, timing, and partners for information sharing, often neglecting the critical aspect of integrating shared information. This gap can significantly impact agents' ability to understand and re... | {
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2501.00315 | Temporal Dynamics Decoupling with Inverse Processing for Enhancing Human
Motion Prediction | [
"cs.CV"
] | Exploring the bridge between historical and future motion behaviors remains a central challenge in human motion prediction. While most existing methods incorporate a reconstruction task as an auxiliary task into the decoder, thereby improving the modeling of spatio-temporal dependencies, they overlook the potential con... | {
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2501.00316 | MapEval: A Map-Based Evaluation of Geo-Spatial Reasoning in Foundation
Models | [
"cs.CL"
] | Recent advancements in foundation models have enhanced AI systems' capabilities in autonomous tool usage and reasoning. However, their ability in location or map-based reasoning - which improves daily life by optimizing navigation, facilitating resource discovery, and streamlining logistics - has not been systematicall... | {
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2501.00317 | Spatio-Temporal Multi-Subgraph GCN for 3D Human Motion Prediction | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Human motion prediction (HMP) involves forecasting future human motion based on historical data. Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have garnered widespread attention in this field for their proficiency in capturing relationships among joints in human motion. However, existing GCN-based methods tend to focus on either... | {
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2501.00318 | Improving Text-based Person Search via Part-level Cross-modal
Correspondence | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Text-based person search is the task of finding person images that are the most relevant to the natural language text description given as query. The main challenge of this task is a large gap between the target images and text queries, which makes it difficult to establish correspondence and distinguish subtle differe... | {
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2501.00320 | Autonomous Alignment with Human Value on Altruism through Considerate
Self-imagination and Theory of Mind | [
"cs.AI"
] | With the widespread application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in human society, enabling AI to autonomously align with human values has become a pressing issue to ensure its sustainable development and benefit to humanity. One of the most important aspects of aligning with human values is the necessity for agents to ... | {
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2501.00321 | OCRBench v2: An Improved Benchmark for Evaluating Large Multimodal
Models on Visual Text Localization and Reasoning | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | Scoring the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has witnessed growing interest recently. Existing benchmarks have highlighted the impressive performance of LMMs in text recognition; however, their abilities on certain challenging tasks, such as text localization, handwritt... | {
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2501.00326 | OVGaussian: Generalizable 3D Gaussian Segmentation with Open
Vocabularies | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Open-vocabulary scene understanding using 3D Gaussian (3DGS) representations has garnered considerable attention. However, existing methods mostly lift knowledge from large 2D vision models into 3DGS on a scene-by-scene basis, restricting the capabilities of open-vocabulary querying within their training scenes so that... | {
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2501.00328 | VoxVietnam: a Large-Scale Multi-Genre Dataset for Vietnamese Speaker
Recognition | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.CL",
"eess.AS"
] | Recent research in speaker recognition aims to address vulnerabilities due to variations between enrolment and test utterances, particularly in the multi-genre phenomenon where the utterances are in different speech genres. Previous resources for Vietnamese speaker recognition are either limited in size or do not focus... | {
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2501.00330 | Exploring the Implicit Semantic Ability of Multimodal Large Language
Models: A Pilot Study on Entity Set Expansion | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.IR"
] | The rapid development of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has brought significant improvements to a wide range of tasks in real-world applications. However, LLMs still exhibit certain limitations in extracting implicit semantic information. In this paper, we apply MLLMs to the Multi-modal Entity Set Expansion (... | {
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2501.00332 | MAIN-RAG: Multi-Agent Filtering Retrieval-Augmented Generation | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.IR"
] | Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming essential tools for various natural language processing tasks but often suffer from generating outdated or incorrect information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this issue by incorporating external, real-time information retrieval to ground LLM responses. Howeve... | {
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2501.00334 | Loss-Aware Curriculum Learning for Chinese Grammatical Error Correction | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Chinese grammatical error correction (CGEC) aims to detect and correct errors in the input Chinese sentences. Recently, Pre-trained Language Models (PLMS) have been employed to improve the performance. However, current approaches ignore that correction difficulty varies across different instances and treat these sample... | {
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2501.00339 | Rethinking Layer Removal: Preserving Critical Components with Task-Aware
Singular Value Decomposition | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG"
] | Layer removal has emerged as a promising approach for compressing large language models (LLMs) by leveraging redundancy within layers to reduce model size and accelerate inference. However, this technique often compromises internal consistency, leading to performance degradation and instability, with varying impacts ac... | {
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2501.00340 | Dynamic Prompt Adjustment for Multi-Label Class-Incremental Learning | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Significant advancements have been made in single label incremental learning (SLCIL),yet the more practical and challenging multi label class incremental learning (MLCIL) remains understudied. Recently,visual language models such as CLIP have achieved good results in classification tasks. However,directly using CLIP to... | {
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2501.00342 | SG-Splatting: Accelerating 3D Gaussian Splatting with Spherical
Gaussians | [
"cs.CV"
] | 3D Gaussian Splatting is emerging as a state-of-the-art technique in novel view synthesis, recognized for its impressive balance between visual quality, speed, and rendering efficiency. However, reliance on third-degree spherical harmonics for color representation introduces significant storage demands and computationa... | {
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2501.00343 | Chunk-Distilled Language Modeling | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | We introduce Chunk-Distilled Language Modeling (CD-LM), an approach to text generation that addresses two challenges in current large language models (LLMs): the inefficiency of token-level generation, and the difficulty of adapting to new data and knowledge. Our method combines deep network-based LLMs with a straightf... | {
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2501.00346 | CNC: Cross-modal Normality Constraint for Unsupervised Multi-class
Anomaly Detection | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Existing unsupervised distillation-based methods rely on the differences between encoded and decoded features to locate abnormal regions in test images. However, the decoder trained only on normal samples still reconstructs abnormal patch features well, degrading performance. This issue is particularly pronounced in un... | {
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2501.00348 | Temporal Information Reconstruction and Non-Aligned Residual in Spiking
Neural Networks for Speech Classification | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.AI",
"eess.AS"
] | Recently, it can be noticed that most models based on spiking neural networks (SNNs) only use a same level temporal resolution to deal with speech classification problems, which makes these models cannot learn the information of input data at different temporal scales. Additionally, owing to the different time lengths ... | {
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2501.00352 | PanoSLAM: Panoptic 3D Scene Reconstruction via Gaussian SLAM | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.RO"
] | Understanding geometric, semantic, and instance information in 3D scenes from sequential video data is essential for applications in robotics and augmented reality. However, existing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods generally focus on either geometric or semantic reconstruction. In this paper, we in... | {
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2501.00353 | RAG-Instruct: Boosting LLMs with Diverse Retrieval-Augmented
Instructions | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a key paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. However, current RAG methods face two limitations: (1) they only cover limited RAG scenarios. (2) They suffer from limited task diversity due to the lack of a general RAG da... | {
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2501.00356 | A New Dataset and Methodology for Malicious URL Classification | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CR"
] | Malicious URL (Uniform Resource Locator) classification is a pivotal aspect of Cybersecurity, offering defense against web-based threats. Despite deep learning's promise in this area, its advancement is hindered by two main challenges: the scarcity of comprehensive, open-source datasets and the limitations of existing ... | {
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2501.00358 | Embodied VideoAgent: Persistent Memory from Egocentric Videos and
Embodied Sensors Enables Dynamic Scene Understanding | [
"cs.CV"
] | This paper investigates the problem of understanding dynamic 3D scenes from egocentric observations, a key challenge in robotics and embodied AI. Unlike prior studies that explored this as long-form video understanding and utilized egocentric video only, we instead propose an LLM-based agent, Embodied VideoAgent, which... | {
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2501.00360 | A Novel Shape Guided Transformer Network for Instance Segmentation in
Remote Sensing Images | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Instance segmentation performance in remote sensing images (RSIs) is significantly affected by two issues: how to extract accurate boundaries of objects from remote imaging through the dynamic atmosphere, and how to integrate the mutual information of related object instances scattered over a vast spatial region. In th... | {
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2501.00364 | $\texttt{FORM}$: Learning Expressive and Transferable First-Order Logic
Reward Machines | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.FL",
"cs.LO",
"cs.SC"
] | Reward machines (RMs) are an effective approach for addressing non-Markovian rewards in reinforcement learning (RL) through finite-state machines. Traditional RMs, which label edges with propositional logic formulae, inherit the limited expressivity of propositional logic. This limitation hinders the learnability and t... | {
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2501.00365 | Low-Rank Adaptation for Foundation Models: A Comprehensive Review | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | The rapid advancement of foundation modelslarge-scale neural networks trained on diverse, extensive datasetshas revolutionized artificial intelligence, enabling unprecedented advancements across domains such as natural language processing, computer vision, and scientific discovery. However, the substantial parameter co... | {
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2501.00367 | Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country
Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models | [
"cs.IR",
"cs.CY",
"cs.DL"
] | This paper investigates the performance of several representative large models in the tasks of literature recommendation and explores potential biases in research exposure. The results indicate that not only LLMs' overall recommendation accuracy remains limited but also the models tend to recommend literature with grea... | {
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2501.00368 | Design Optimizer for Soft Growing Robot Manipulators in
Three-Dimensional Environments | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.AI",
"cs.NE"
] | Soft growing robots are novel devices that mimic plant-like growth for navigation in cluttered or dangerous environments. Their ability to adapt to surroundings, combined with advancements in actuation and manufacturing technologies, allows them to perform specialized manipulation tasks. This work presents an approach ... | {
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2501.00371 | Structured Codes for Distributed Matrix Multiplication | [
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | Our work addresses the well-known open problem of distributed computing of bilinear functions of two correlated sources ${\bf A}$ and ${\bf B}$. In a setting with two nodes, with the first node having access to ${\bf A}$ and the second to ${\bf B}$, we establish bounds on the optimal sum-rate that allows a receiver to ... | {
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2501.00375 | Token Pruning for Caching Better: 9 Times Acceleration on Stable
Diffusion for Free | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Stable Diffusion has achieved remarkable success in the field of text-to-image generation, with its powerful generative capabilities and diverse generation results making a lasting impact. However, its iterative denoising introduces high computational costs and slows generation speed, limiting broader adoption. The com... | {
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2501.00378 | STARFormer: A Novel Spatio-Temporal Aggregation Reorganization
Transformer of FMRI for Brain Disorder Diagnosis | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Many existing methods that use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) classify brain disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), often overlook the integration of spatial and temporal dependencies of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals, which ... | {
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2501.00379 | Federated Dropout: Convergence Analysis and Resource Allocation | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | Federated Dropout is an efficient technique to overcome both communication and computation bottlenecks for deploying federated learning at the network edge. In each training round, an edge device only needs to update and transmit a sub-model, which is generated by the typical method of dropout in deep learning, and thu... | {
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2501.00381 | Toward Information Theoretic Active Inverse Reinforcement Learning | [
"cs.LG",
"stat.ML"
] | As AI systems become increasingly autonomous, aligning their decision-making to human preferences is essential. In domains like autonomous driving or robotics, it is impossible to write down the reward function representing these preferences by hand. Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) offers a promising approach to i... | {
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2501.00382 | Adventures in Demand Analysis Using AI | [
"econ.GN",
"cs.AI",
"q-fin.EC",
"stat.AP",
"stat.ML"
] | This paper advances empirical demand analysis by integrating multimodal product representations derived from artificial intelligence (AI). Using a detailed dataset of toy cars on \textit{Amazon.com}, we combine text descriptions, images, and tabular covariates to represent each product using transformer-based embedding... | {
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2501.00383 | Proactive Conversational Agents with Inner Thoughts | [
"cs.HC",
"cs.AI"
] | One of the long-standing aspirations in conversational AI is to allow them to autonomously take initiatives in conversations, i.e., being proactive. This is especially challenging for multi-party conversations. Prior NLP research focused mainly on predicting the next speaker from contexts like preceding conversations. ... | {
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2501.00384 | S-Diff: An Anisotropic Diffusion Model for Collaborative Filtering in
Spectral Domain | [
"cs.IR"
] | Recovering user preferences from user-item interaction matrices is a key challenge in recommender systems. While diffusion models can sample and reconstruct preferences from latent distributions, they often fail to capture similar users' collective preferences effectively. Additionally, latent variables degrade into pu... | {
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2501.00390 | Impossibility of Self-Organized Aggregation without Computation | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.CG",
"cs.DC",
"cs.MA",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] | In their seminal work, Gauci et al. (2014) studied the fundamental task of aggregation, wherein multiple robots need to gather without an a priori agreed-upon meeting location, using minimal hardware. That paper considered differential-drive robots that are memoryless and unable to compute. Moreover, the robots cannot ... | {
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2501.00391 | Trajectories of Change: Approaches for Tracking Knowledge Evolution | [
"cs.CL",
"physics.hist-ph"
] | We explore local vs. global evolution of knowledge systems through the framework of socio-epistemic networks (SEN), applying two complementary methods to a corpus of scientific texts. The framework comprises three interconnected layers-social, semiotic (material), and semantic-proposing a multilayered approach to under... | {
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2501.00397 | Efficient Relational Context Perception for Knowledge Graph Completion | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL"
] | Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide a structured representation of knowledge but often suffer from challenges of incompleteness. To address this, link prediction or knowledge graph completion (KGC) aims to infer missing new facts based on existing facts in KGs. Previous knowledge graph embedding models are limited in their ... | {
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2501.00398 | TSPE: Task-Specific Prompt Ensemble for Improved Zero-Shot Audio
Classification | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG",
"eess.AS"
] | Audio-language models (ALMs) excel in zero-shot audio classification, a task where models classify previously unseen audio clips at test time by leveraging descriptive natural language prompts. We introduce TSPE (Task-Specific Prompt Ensemble), a simple, training-free hard prompting method that boosts ALEs' zero-shot p... | {
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2501.00399 | Movable Superdirective Pairs: A Phase Shifter-Free Approach to mmWave
Communications | [
"cs.IT",
"eess.SP",
"math.IT"
] | In this letter, we propose a novel Movable Superdirective Pairs (MSP) approach that combines movable antennas with superdirective pair arrays to enhance the performance of millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications on the user side. By controlling the rotation angles and positions of superdirective antenna pairs, the prop... | {
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2501.00417 | PureRank: A Parameter-Free Recursive Importance Measure for Network
Nodes | [
"cs.SI"
] | PageRank, widely used for network analysis in various fields, is a form of Katz centrality based on the recursive definition of importance (RDI). However, PageRank has a free parameter known as the damping factor, whose recommended value is 0.85, although its validity has been guaranteed theoretically or rationally. To... | {
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2501.00418 | Generalizing Trust: Weak-to-Strong Trustworthiness in Language Models | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | The rapid proliferation of generative AI, especially large language models, has led to their integration into a variety of applications. A key phenomenon known as weak-to-strong generalization - where a strong model trained on a weak model's outputs surpasses the weak model in task performance - has gained significant ... | {
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2501.00420 | KAE: Kolmogorov-Arnold Auto-Encoder for Representation Learning | [
"cs.LG"
] | The Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN) has recently gained attention as an alternative to traditional multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), offering improved accuracy and interpretability by employing learnable activation functions on edges. In this paper, we introduce the Kolmogorov-Arnold Auto-Encoder (KAE), which integrates ... | {
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2501.00421 | Outlier-Robust Linear System Identification Under Heavy-tailed Noise | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.LG",
"cs.SY",
"math.OC"
] | We consider the problem of estimating the state transition matrix of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system, given access to multiple independent trajectories sampled from the system. Several recent papers have conducted a non-asymptotic analysis of this problem, relying crucially on the assumption that the process noise... | {
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2501.00425 | Whisper Turns Stronger: Augmenting Wav2Vec 2.0 for Superior ASR in
Low-Resource Languages | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.SD",
"eess.AS"
] | Approaching Speech-to-Text and Automatic Speech Recognition problems in low-resource languages is notoriously challenging due to the scarcity of validated datasets and the diversity of dialects. Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese exemplify these difficulties, being low-resource languages due to the many dialects of these ... | {
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2501.00426 | B2Net: Camouflaged Object Detection via Boundary Aware and Boundary
Fusion | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Camouflaged object detection (COD) aims to identify objects in images that are well hidden in the environment due to their high similarity to the background in terms of texture and color. However, existing most boundary-guided camouflage object detection algorithms tend to generate object boundaries early in the networ... | {
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2501.00430 | Enhancing LLM Reasoning with Multi-Path Collaborative Reactive and
Reflection agents | [
"cs.CL"
] | Agents have demonstrated their potential in scientific reasoning tasks through large language models. However, they often face challenges such as insufficient accuracy and degeneration of thought when handling complex reasoning tasks, which impede their performance. To overcome these issues, we propose the Reactive and... | {
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2501.00432 | OV-HHIR: Open Vocabulary Human Interaction Recognition Using Cross-modal
Integration of Large Language Models | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Understanding human-to-human interactions, especially in contexts like public security surveillance, is critical for monitoring and maintaining safety. Traditional activity recognition systems are limited by fixed vocabularies, predefined labels, and rigid interaction categories that often rely on choreographed videos ... | {
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2501.00436 | Intuitive Analysis of the Quantization-based Optimization: From
Stochastic and Quantum Mechanical Perspective | [
"cs.LG",
"quant-ph"
] | In this paper, we present an intuitive analysis of the optimization technique based on the quantization of an objective function. Quantization of an objective function is an effective optimization methodology that decreases the measure of a level set containing several saddle points and local minima and finds the optim... | {
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2501.00437 | Unleashing Text-to-Image Diffusion Prior for Zero-Shot Image Captioning | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG",
"cs.MM"
] | Recently, zero-shot image captioning has gained increasing attention, where only text data is available for training. The remarkable progress in text-to-image diffusion model presents the potential to resolve this task by employing synthetic image-caption pairs generated by this pre-trained prior. Nonetheless, the defe... | {
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2501.00444 | Knowledge-aware equation discovery with automated background knowledge
extraction | [
"cs.AI"
] | In differential equation discovery algorithms, a priori expert knowledge is mainly used implicitly to constrain the form of the expected equation, making it impossible for the algorithm to truly discover equations. Instead, most differential equation discovery algorithms try to recover the coefficients for a known stru... | {
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2501.00448 | A Complex Frequency-Based Control for Inverter-Based Resources | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This paper proposes a novel control for Inverter-based Resources (IBRs) based on the Complex Frequency (CF) concept. The controller's objective is to maintain a constant CF of the voltage at the terminals of the IBR by adjusting its current reference. This current is imposed based on the well-known power flow equation,... | {
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2501.00449 | Do Students with Different Personality Traits Demonstrate Different
Physiological Signals in Video-based Learning? | [
"cs.HC",
"cs.AI"
] | Past researches show that personality trait is a strong predictor for ones academic performance. Today, mature and verified marker systems for assessing personality traits already exist. However, marker systems-based assessing methods have their own limitations. For example, dishonest responses cannot be avoided. In th... | {
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2501.00450 | An OpenFOAM face-centred solver for incompressible flows robust to mesh
distortion | [
"physics.flu-dyn",
"cs.CE",
"cs.NA",
"math.NA"
] | This work presents an overview of mesh-induced errors commonly experienced by cell-centred finite volumes (CCFV), for which the face-centred finite volume (FCFV) paradigm offers competitive solutions. In particular, a robust FCFV solver for incompressible laminar flows is integrated in OpenFOAM and tested on a set of s... | {
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2501.00452 | Unrolled Creative Adversarial Network For Generating Novel Musical
Pieces | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.LG",
"eess.AS"
] | Music generation has been established as a prominent topic in artificial intelligence and machine learning over recent years. In most recent works on RNN-based neural network methods have been applied for sequence generation. In contrast, generative adversarial networks (GANs) and their counterparts have been explored ... | {
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2501.00457 | Differentiable Prompt Learning for Vision Language Models | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL",
"cs.CV"
] | Prompt learning is an effective way to exploit the potential of large-scale pre-trained foundational models. Continuous prompts parameterize context tokens in prompts by turning them into differentiable vectors. Deep continuous prompts insert prompts not only in the input but also in the intermediate hidden representat... | {
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2501.00461 | Efficient support ticket resolution using Knowledge Graphs | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"cs.MA"
] | A review of over 160,000 customer cases indicates that about 90% of time is spent by the product support for solving around 10% of subset of tickets where a trivial solution may not exist. Many of these challenging cases require the support of several engineers working together within a "swarm", and some also need to g... | {
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2501.00463 | SAT-LDM: Provably Generalizable Image Watermarking for Latent Diffusion
Models with Self-Augmented Training | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CR",
"cs.CV"
] | The rapid proliferation of AI-generated images necessitates effective watermarking techniques to protect intellectual property and detect fraudulent content. While existing training-based watermarking methods show promise, they often struggle with generalizing across diverse prompts and tend to introduce visible artifa... | {
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2501.00464 | Addressing Challenges in Data Quality and Model Generalization for
Malaria Detection | [
"cs.LG",
"eess.SP"
] | Malaria remains a significant global health burden, particularly in resource-limited regions where timely and accurate diagnosis is critical to effective treatment and control. Deep Learning (DL) has emerged as a transformative tool for automating malaria detection and it offers high accuracy and scalability. However, ... | {
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2501.00465 | Dementia Detection using Multi-modal Methods on Audio Data | [
"cs.LG"
] | Dementia is a neurodegenerative disease that causes gradual cognitive impairment, which is very common in the world and undergoes a lot of research every year to prevent and cure it. It severely impacts the patient's ability to remember events and communicate clearly, where most variations of it have no known cure, but... | {
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2501.00467 | Score-Based Metropolis-Hastings Algorithms | [
"cs.LG",
"stat.CO"
] | In this paper, we introduce a new approach for integrating score-based models with the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. While traditional score-based diffusion models excel in accurately learning the score function from data points, they lack an energy function, making the Metropolis-Hastings adjustment step inaccessible... | {
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2501.00476 | Design To Convert a Wired PLC into Wireless PLC | [
"cs.HC",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY",
"physics.ins-det"
] | This paper implies Bluetooth technology, which is put into effect to alter extant, wired into wireless Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Here two Bluetooth devices are employed as a transceiver to transmit and receives the input signal to contrive wireless PLC. The main advantage of PLC is to control the output acco... | {
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2501.00480 | Lyapunov-based Resilient Secondary Synchronization Strategy of AC
Microgrids Under Exponentially Energy-Unbounded FDI Attacks | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This article presents fully distributed Lyapunov-based attack-resilient secondary control strategies for islanded inverter-based AC microgrids, designed to counter a broad spectrum of energy-unbounded False Data Injection (FDI) attacks, including exponential attacks, targeting control input channels. While distributed ... | {
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2501.00485 | Two Cases of Deduction with Non-referring Descriptions | [
"cs.LO",
"cs.CL"
] | Formal reasoning with non-denoting terms, esp. non-referring descriptions such as "the King of France", is still an under-investigated area. The recent exception being a series of papers e.g. by Indrzejczak, Zawidzki and K\"rbis. The present paper offers an alternative to their approach since instead of free logic and ... | {
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2501.00502 | Exploring Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Crop Yield Loss
Forecasting | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | In response to climate change, assessing crop productivity under extreme weather conditions is essential to enhance food security. Crop simulation models, which align with physical processes, offer explainability but often perform poorly. Conversely, machine learning (ML) models for crop modeling are powerful and scala... | {
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2501.00507 | Real-Time Sampling-Based Safe Motion Planning for Robotic Manipulators
in Dynamic Environments | [
"cs.RO"
] | In this paper, we present the main features of Dynamic Rapidly-exploring Generalized Bur Tree (DRGBT) algorithm, a sampling-based planner for dynamic environments. We provide a detailed time analysis and appropriate scheduling to facilitate a real-time operation. To this end, an extensive analysis is conducted to ident... | {
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2501.00508 | Active Learning of General Halfspaces: Label Queries vs Membership
Queries | [
"cs.LG"
] | We study the problem of learning general (i.e., not necessarily homogeneous) halfspaces under the Gaussian distribution on $R^d$ in the presence of some form of query access. In the classical pool-based active learning model, where the algorithm is allowed to make adaptive label queries to previously sampled points, we... | {
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2501.00509 | Fotheidil: an Automatic Transcription System for the Irish Language | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.SD",
"eess.AS"
] | This paper sets out the first web-based transcription system for the Irish language - Fotheidil, a system that utilises speech-related AI technologies as part of the ABAIR initiative. The system includes both off-the-shelf pre-trained voice activity detection and speaker diarisation models and models trained specifical... | {
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2501.00510 | VinT-6D: A Large-Scale Object-in-hand Dataset from Vision, Touch and
Proprioception | [
"cs.RO"
] | This paper addresses the scarcity of large-scale datasets for accurate object-in-hand pose estimation, which is crucial for robotic in-hand manipulation within the ``Perception-Planning-Control" paradigm. Specifically, we introduce VinT-6D, the first extensive multi-modal dataset integrating vision, touch, and proprioc... | {
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2501.00511 | Stochastic Extragradient with Flip-Flop Shuffling & Anchoring: Provable
Improvements | [
"cs.LG",
"math.OC"
] | In minimax optimization, the extragradient (EG) method has been extensively studied because it outperforms the gradient descent-ascent method in convex-concave (C-C) problems. Yet, stochastic EG (SEG) has seen limited success in C-C problems, especially for unconstrained cases. Motivated by the recent progress of shuff... | {
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2501.00513 | Fine-grained Video-Text Retrieval: A New Benchmark and Method | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.IR",
"cs.LG"
] | The ability of perceiving fine-grained spatial and temporal information is crucial for video-language retrieval. However, the existing video retrieval benchmarks, such as MSRVTT and MSVD, fail to efficiently evaluate the fine-grained retrieval ability of video-language models (VLMs) due to a lack of detailed annotation... | {
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2501.00514 | H-Net: A Multitask Architecture for Simultaneous 3D Force Estimation and
Stereo Semantic Segmentation in Intracardiac Catheters | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG",
"cs.RO"
] | The success rate of catheterization procedures is closely linked to the sensory data provided to the surgeon. Vision-based deep learning models can deliver both tactile and visual information in a sensor-free manner, while also being cost-effective to produce. Given the complexity of these models for devices with limit... | {
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} |
2501.00517 | A Method for Enhancing the Safety of Large Model Generation Based on
Multi-dimensional Attack and Defense | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.AI"
] | Currently, large models are prone to generating harmful content when faced with complex attack instructions, significantly reducing their defensive capabilities. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method based on constructing data aligned with multi-dimensional attack defense to enhance the generative securit... | {
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} |
2501.00520 | Innovative Silicosis and Pneumonia Classification: Leveraging Graph
Transformer Post-hoc Modeling and Ensemble Techniques | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | This paper presents a comprehensive study on the classification and detection of Silicosis-related lung inflammation. Our main contributions include 1) the creation of a newly curated chest X-ray (CXR) image dataset named SVBCX that is tailored to the nuances of lung inflammation caused by distinct agents, providing a ... | {
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} |
2501.00522 | TinyHelen's First Curriculum: Training and Evaluating Tiny Language
Models in a Simpler Language Environment | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Training language models (LMs) and their application agents is increasingly costly due to large datasets and models, making test failures difficult to bear. Simplified language environments serve as primordial training and testing grounds, retaining essential commonsense and communication skills but in a more digestibl... | {
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} |
2501.00523 | Event-Triggered Observer-Based Fixed-Time Consensus Control for
Uncertain Nonlinear Multiagent Systems with Unknown States | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This paper introduces a novel approach for achieving fixed-time tracking consensus control in multiagent systems (MASs). Departing from the reliance on traditional controllers, our innovative controller integrates modified tuning and Lyapunov functions to guarantee stability and convergence. Furthermore, we have implem... | {
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} |
2501.00525 | Is Segment Anything Model 2 All You Need for Surgery Video Segmentation?
A Systematic Evaluation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Surgery video segmentation is an important topic in the surgical AI field. It allows the AI model to understand the spatial information of a surgical scene. Meanwhile, due to the lack of annotated surgical data, surgery segmentation models suffer from limited performance. With the emergence of SAM2 model, a large found... | {
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} |
2501.00527 | Exploiting Boundary Loss for the Hierarchical Panoptic Segmentation of
Plants and Leaves | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Precision agriculture leverages data and machine learning so that farmers can monitor their crops and target interventions precisely. This enables the precision application of herbicide only to weeds, or the precision application of fertilizer only to undernourished crops, rather than to the entire field. The approach ... | {
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} |
2501.00528 | PyMilo: A Python Library for ML I/O | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | PyMilo is an open-source Python package that addresses the limitations of existing Machine Learning (ML) model storage formats by providing a transparent, reliable, and safe method for exporting and deploying trained models. Current formats, such as pickle and other binary formats, have significant problems, such as re... | {
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} |
2501.00529 | Sinhala Transliteration: A Comparative Analysis Between Rule-based and
Seq2Seq Approaches | [
"cs.CL"
] | Due to reasons of convenience and lack of tech literacy, transliteration (i.e., Romanizing native scripts instead of using localization tools) is eminently prevalent in the context of low-resource languages such as Sinhala, which have their own writing script. In this study, our focus is on Romanized Sinhala transliter... | {
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} |
2501.00530 | Superposition in Transformers: A Novel Way of Building Mixture of
Experts | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Catastrophic forgetting remains a major challenge when adapting large language models (LLMs) to new tasks or domains. Conventional fine-tuning often overwrites existing knowledge, causing performance degradation on original tasks. We introduce Superposition in Transformers, a novel architecture that leverages autoencod... | {
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} |
2501.00533 | Rapid Learning in Constrained Minimax Games with Negative Momentum | [
"cs.LG"
] | In this paper, we delve into the utilization of the negative momentum technique in constrained minimax games. From an intuitive mechanical standpoint, we introduce a novel framework for momentum buffer updating, which extends the findings of negative momentum from the unconstrained setting to the constrained setting an... | {
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} |
2501.00537 | Extending XReason: Formal Explanations for Adversarial Detection | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CR",
"cs.LG"
] | Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) plays an important role in improving the transparency and reliability of complex machine learning models, especially in critical domains such as cybersecurity. Despite the prevalence of heuristic interpretation methods such as SHAP and LIME, these techniques often lack formal g... | {
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} |
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