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context. the form and evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function (gsmf) at high redshifts provide crucial information on star formation history and mass assembly in the young universe, close or even prior to the epoch of reionization.aims: we used the unique combination of deep optical/near-infrared/mid-infrared ima... | the galaxy stellar mass function at 3.5 ≤z ≤ 7.5 in the candels/uds, goods-south, and hudf fields |
we present an analysis of the star formation rates (sfrs) and dust attenuation properties of star-forming galaxies at 2.7 ≤ z < 6.5 drawn from the cosmic evolution early release science survey. our analysis is based on jwst/nirspec micro-shutter assembly r ~ 1000 spectroscopic observations covering approximately 1-5... | jwst/nirspec balmer-line measurements of star formation and dust attenuation at z 3-6 |
far-ultraviolet (fuv; ~1200-2000 å) spectra are fundamental to our understanding of star-forming galaxies, providing a unique window on massive stellar populations, chemical evolution, feedback processes, and reionization. the launch of the james webb space telescope will soon usher in a new era, pushing the uv spectro... | the cos legacy archive spectroscopy survey (classy) treasury atlas |
while x-ray spectroscopy, timing, and imaging have improved much since 1962 when the first astronomical nonsolar source was discovered, especially wi the launch of the newton/x-ray multi-mirror mission, rossi/x-ray timing explorer, and chandra/advanced x-ray astrophysics facility, the progress of x-ray polarimetry has ... | the instrument of the imaging x-ray polarimetry explorer |
current estimates of the budget and distribution of water in the earth have large uncertainties, most of which are due to the lack of information about the deep earth. recent studies suggest that the earth could have gained a considerable amount of water during the early stages of its evolution from the hydrogen-rich s... | the earth's core as a reservoir of water |
we present the public release of the stellar mass catalogs for the goods-s and uds fields obtained using some of the deepest near-ir images available, achieved as part of the cosmic assembly near-infrared deep extragalactic legacy survey project. we combine the effort from 10 different teams, who computed the stellar m... | stellar masses from the candels survey: the goods-south and uds fields |
ionized nebulae provide critical insights into the conditions of the interstellar medium (ism). their bright emission lines enable the measurement of physical properties, such as the gas-phase metallicity, across galaxy discs and in distant galaxies. the phangs-muse survey has produced optical spectroscopic coverage of... | the phangs-muse nebular catalogue |
the final fate of massive stars, and the nature of the compact remnants they leave behind (black holes and neutron stars), are open questions in astrophysics. many massive stars are stripped of their outer hydrogen envelopes as they evolve. such wolf-rayet stars1 emit strong and rapidly expanding winds with speeds grea... | a wc/wo star exploding within an expanding carbon-oxygen-neon nebula |
we discuss the galactic foreground emission between 20 and 100 ghz based on observations by planck and wmap. the total intensity in this part of the spectrum is dominated by free-free and spinning dust emission, whereas the polarized intensity is dominated by synchrotron emission. the commander component-separation too... | planck 2015 results. xxv. diffuse low-frequency galactic foregrounds |
we present keck/mosfire observations of uv metal emission lines in four bright (h = 23.9-25.4) gravitationally lensed z ≃ 6-8 galaxies behind the cluster abell 1703. the spectrum of a1703-zd6, a highly magnified star-forming galaxy with a lyα redshift of z = 7.045, reveals a confident detection of the nebular c iv λ154... | spectroscopic detection of c iv λ1548 in a galaxy at z = 7.045: implications for the ionizing spectra of reionization-era galaxies |
we present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (| b| > 5^\circ ) sources in recent fermi point source catalogs. the result is the fermi high-latitude extended sources catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. we ... | the search for spatial extension in high-latitude sources detected by the fermi large area telescope |
when a star passes within the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole, it will be torn apart1. for a star with the mass of the sun (m ⊙) and a non-spinning black hole with a mass <108 m ⊙, the tidal radius lies outside the black hole event horizon2 and the disruption results in a luminous flare3-6. here we report ... | the superluminous transient asassn-15lh as a tidal disruption event from a kerr black hole |
a sub-array of the large high altitude air shower observatory (lhaaso), km2a is mainly designed to observe a large fraction of the northern sky to hunt for γ-ray sources at energies above 10 tev. even though the detector construction is still underway, half of the km2a array has been operating stably since the end of 2... | observation of the crab nebula with lhaaso-km2a - a performance study |
we report the detection of weak pulsations from the archetypal ultraluminous x-ray source (ulx) ngc 1313 x-2. acceleration searches reveal sinusoidal pulsations in segments of two out of six new deep observations of this object, with a period of ∼1.5 s and a pulsed fraction of ∼ 5 per cent. we use monte carlo simulatio... | the discovery of weak coherent pulsations in the ultraluminous x-ray source ngc 1313 x-2 |
a surprising finding of recent studies is the large number of active galactic nuclei (agn) associated with moderately massive black holes ($\rm \log(m_\bullet/m_\odot)\sim 6-8$), in the first billion years after the big bang ($z>5$). in this context, a relevant finding has been the large fraction of candidate dual a... | ga-nifs: jwst discovers an offset agn 740 million years after the big bang |
we present the star-formation-rate -- stellar-mass (sfr-m$_\ast$) relation for galaxies in the ceers survey at $4.5\leq z\leq 12$. we model the \jwst\ and \hst\ rest-uv and rest-optical photometry of galaxies with flexible star-formation histories (sfhs) using \bagpipes. we consider sfrs averaged from the sfhs over 10~... | ceers: increasing scatter along the star-forming main sequence indicates early galaxies form in bursts |
we present new [${\rm o\, {\small iii}}$] 88-$\mu \mathrm{{m}}$ observations of five bright z ~ 7 lyman-break galaxies spectroscopically confirmed by alma through [${\rm c\, {\small ii}}$] 158 $\mu \mathrm{{m}}$, unlike recent [${\rm o\, {\small iii}}$] detections where lyman α was used. this nearly doubles the sample ... | dual constraints with alma: new [o iii] 88-μm and dust-continuum observations reveal the ism conditions of luminous lbgs at z 7 |
multi-phase filamentary structures around brightest cluster galaxies (bcg) are likely a key step of agn-feedback. we observed molecular gas in three cool cluster cores, namely centaurus, abell s1101, and rxj1539.5, and gathered alma (atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array) and muse (multi unit spectroscopic explo... | ubiquitous cold and massive filaments in cool core clusters |
we derive a uv-optical stellar dust attenuation curve of galaxies at z = 1.4-2.6 as a function of gas-phase metallicity. we use a sample of 218 star-forming galaxies, excluding those with very young or heavily obscured star formation, from the mosfire deep evolution field survey with hα, hβ, and [n ii]λ 6585 spectrosco... | the mosdef survey: the variation of the dust attenuation curve with metallicity |
the james webb space telescope will allow to spectroscopically study an unprecedented number of galaxies deep into the reionization era, notably by detecting [o iii]λλ4959, 5007, and h β nebular emission lines. to efficiently prepare such observations, we photometrically select a large sample of galaxies at z ∼ 8 and s... | the greats h β + [o iii] luminosity function and galaxy properties at z ∼ 8: walking the way of jwst |
nearby dwarf galaxies provide a unique laboratory in which to test stellar population models below z⊙/2. such tests are particularly important for interpreting the surprising high-ionization ultraviolet (uv) line emission detected at z > 6 in recent years. we present hst/cos uv spectra of 10 nearby metal-poor star-f... | ultraviolet spectra of extreme nearby star-forming regions - approaching a local reference sample for jwst |
we present new measurements of the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass functions (gsmfs) and ultraviolet luminosity functions (uv lfs) for galaxies from z = 6-9 within the frontier field cluster macsj0416.1-2403 and its parallel field. to obtain these results, we derive the stellar masses of our sample by fitting synt... | evolution of the galaxy stellar mass functions and uv luminosity functions at z = 6-9 in the hubble frontier fields |
we examine lyman continuum (lyc) leakage through h ii regions regulated by turbulence and radiative feedback in a giant molecular cloud in the context of fully coupled radiation hydrodynamics (rhd). the physical relations of the lyc escape with h i covering fraction, kinematics, ionizing photon production efficiency, a... | radiation hydrodynamics of turbulent h ii regions in molecular clouds: a physical origin of lyc leakage and the associated lyα spectra |
we present interferometric co observations, made with the combined array for millimeter-wave astronomy (carma) interferometer, of galaxies from the extragalactic database for galaxy evolution survey (edge). these galaxies are selected from the calar alto legacy integral field area (califa) sample, mapped with optical i... | the edge-califa survey: interferometric observations of 126 galaxies with carma |
using the zwicky transient facility alert stream, we are conducting a large spectroscopic campaign to construct a complete, volume-limited sample of transients brighter than 20 mag, and coincident within 100″ of galaxies in the census of the local universe catalog. we describe the experiment design and spectroscopic co... | the zwicky transient facility census of the local universe. i. systematic search for calcium-rich gap transients reveals three related spectroscopic subclasses |
rapid solidification cellular structures are known to play a crucial role in helping achieve high strength and high ductility in 316l austenitic stainless steels fabricated by laser powder-bed-fusion (l-pbf). despite this, the understanding of their intrinsic characteristics (e.g., crystallographic orientations, disloc... | new insights on cellular structures strengthening mechanisms and thermal stability of an austenitic stainless steel fabricated by laser powder-bed-fusion |
we infer the properties of massive star populations using the far-ultraviolet stellar continua of 61 star-forming galaxies: 42 at low redshift observed with the hubble space telescope and 19 at z ∼ 2 from the megasaura sample. we fit each stellar continuum with a linear combination of up to 50 single-age and single-met... | constraining the metallicities, ages, star formation histories, and ionizing continua of extragalactic massive star populations |
large terrestrial carnivores are an ecologically important, charismatic and highly endangered group of species. here, we assess the importance of prey depletion as a driver of large carnivore endangerment globally using lists of prey species for each large carnivore compiled from the literature. we consider spatial var... | prey depletion as a threat to the world's large carnivores |
the high-precision astrometry from the second data release of the gaia mission has made it possible to greatly improve the census of members of nearby clusters and associations. i have applied the gaia data to the taurus star-forming region, refining the sample of known members and identifying candidates for undiscover... | the stellar membership of the taurus star-forming region |
we present the photometric properties of galaxies in the first light and reionization epoch simulations (flares). the simulations trace the evolution of galaxies in a range of overdensities through the epoch of reionization. with a novel weighting scheme, we combine these overdensities, extending significantly the dyna... | first light and reionization epoch simulations (flares) - ii: the photometric properties of high-redshift galaxies |
moderately volatile elements (mves) are sensitive tracers of vaporisation in geological and cosmochemical processes owing to their balanced partitioning between vapour and condensed phases. differences in their volatilities allow the thermodynamic conditions, particularly temperature and oxygen fugacity (fo2), at which... | evaporation of moderately volatile elements from silicate melts: experiments and theory |
we investigate the strongly lensed (μ ≃ ×10 − 100) lyman continuum (lyc) galaxy, dubbed sunburst, at z = 2.37, taking advantage of a new accurate model of the lens. a characterization of the intrinsic (delensed) properties of the system yields a size of ≃3 sq. kpc, a luminosity of muv = −20.3, and a stellar mass of m ≃... | high star cluster formation efficiency in the strongly lensed sunburst lyman-continuum galaxy at z = 2.37 |
in the transitional mass range (~8-10 solar masses) between white dwarf formation and iron core-collapse supernovae, stars are expected to produce an electron-capture supernova. theoretically, these progenitors are thought to be super-asymptotic giant branch stars with a degenerate o + ne + mg core, and electron captur... | the electron-capture origin of supernova 2018zd |
we present the completed kmos3d survey, an integral field spectroscopic survey of 739 {log}({m}\star /{m}⊙ )> 9 galaxies at 0.6 < z < 2.7 using the k-band multi object spectrograph (kmos) at the very large telescope. the kmos3d survey provides a population-wide census of kinematics, star formation, outflows, a... | the kmos3d survey: data release and final survey paper |
we present an analysis of ground-based and jwst observations of sn 2022pul, a peculiar "03fg-like" (or "super-chandrasekhar") type ia supernova (sn ia), in the nebular phase at 338 d post explosion. our combined spectrum continuously covers 0.4-14 $\mu$m and includes the first mid-infrared spectrum of an 03fg-like sn i... | ground-based and jwst observations of sn 2022pul: ii. evidence from nebular spectroscopy for a violent merger in a peculiar type-ia supernova |
we report the discovery by the intermediate palomar transient factory (iptf) of a candidate tidal disruption event (tde) iptf16axa at z = 0.108 and present its broadband photometric and spectroscopic evolution from three months of follow-up observations with ground-based telescopes and swift. the light curve is well fi... | revisiting optical tidal disruption events with iptf16axa |
we analyse the photometric and spectroscopic properties of four galaxies in the epoch of reionization (eor) within the smacs j0723.3-7327 jwst early release observations field. given the known spectroscopic redshifts of these sources, we investigated the accuracy with which photometric redshifts can be derived using ni... | seeing sharper and deeper: jwst's first glimpse of the photometric and spectroscopic properties of galaxies in the epoch of reionization |
we use photoionization models that are designed to reconcile the joint rest-uv-optical spectra of high-z star-forming galaxies to self-consistently infer the gas chemistry and nebular ionization and excitation conditions for ∼150 galaxies from the keck baryonic structure survey (kbss), using only observations of their ... | measuring the physical conditions in high-redshift star-forming galaxies: insights from kbss-mosfire |
we present a vlt/x-shooter spectroscopy of the lyman continuum (lyc) emitting galaxy ion2 at z = 3.2121 and compare it to that of the recently discovered strongly lensed lyc emitter at z = 2.37, known as the sunburst arc. three main results emerge from the x-shooter spectrum: (a) the ly α has three distinct peaks with ... | ionizing the intergalactic medium by star clusters: the first empirical evidence |
the recent launch of jwst has ushered in a new era of high-redshift astronomy by providing detailed insights into the gas and stellar populations of galaxies in the epoch of reionization. interpreting these observations and translating them into constraints on the physics of early galaxy formation is a complex challeng... | the sphinx public data release: forward modelling high-redshift jwst observations with cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations |
any injection of electromagnetically interacting particles during the cosmic dark ages will lead to increased ionization, heating, production of lyman-α photons and distortions to the energy spectrum of the cosmic microwave background, with potentially observable consequences. in this paper we describe numerical result... | indirect dark matter signatures in the cosmic dark ages. ii. ionization, heating, and photon production from arbitrary energy injections |
we perform joint modeling of the composite rest-frame far-uv and optical spectra of redshift 1.85 ≤ z ≤ 3.49 star-forming galaxies to deduce key properties of the massive stars, ionized interstellar medium (ism), and neutral ism, with the aim of investigating the principal factors affecting the production and escape of... | the effects of stellar population and gas covering fraction on the emergent lyα emission of high-redshift galaxies |
line intensity mapping (lim) is rapidly emerging as a powerful technique to study galaxy formation and cosmology in the high-redshift universe. we present lim estimates of select spectral lines originating from the interstellar medium (ism) of galaxies and 21 cm emission from neutral hydrogen gas in the universe using ... | the thesan project: predictions for multitracer line intensity mapping in the epoch of reionization |
aims: cosmic reionization is an important process occurring in the early epochs of the universe. however, because of observational limitations due to the opacity of the intergalactic medium to lyman continuum photons, the nature of ionizing sources is still not well constrained. while high-redshift star-forming galaxie... | an extreme [o iii] emitter at z = 3.2: a low metallicity lyman continuum source |
we present hubble space telescope (hst) and chandra imaging, combined with very large telescope muse integral field spectroscopy of the counterpart and host galaxy of the first binary neutron star merger detected via gravitational-wave emission by ligo and virgo, gw170817. the host galaxy, ngc 4993, is an s0 galaxy at ... | the environment of the binary neutron star merger gw170817 |
context. we investigate two stripped-envelope supernovae (sne) discovered in the nearby galaxy ngc 5806 by the (intermediate) palomar transient factory [(i)ptf]. these sne, designated ptf12os/sn 2012p and iptf13bvn, exploded within ~520 days of one another at a similar distance from the host-galaxy center. we classify ... | ptf12os and iptf13bvn. two stripped-envelope supernovae from low-mass progenitors in ngc 5806 |
using the space telescope imaging spectrograph, we have obtained ultraviolet spectra from ∼1200 to 2000 å of known lyman continuum (lyc) emitting galaxies at low redshift (z ∼ 0.3 − 0.4) with varying absolute lyc escape fractions (fesc ∼ 0.01 − 0.72). our observations include in particular the galaxy j1243+4646, which ... | strong lyman continuum emitting galaxies show intense c iv λ1550 emission |
we present lyα and uv-nebular emission line properties of bright lyα emitters (laes) at z = 6-7 with a luminosity of log llyα/[erg s-1] = 43-44 identified in the 21 deg2 area of the silverrush early sample developed with the subaru hyper suprime-cam survey data. our optical spectroscopy newly confirms 21 bright laes wi... | silverrush. iii. deep optical and near-infrared spectroscopy for lyα and uv-nebular lines of bright lyα emitters at z = 6-7 |
we present observations and analysis of 18 stripped-envelope supernovae observed during 2013-2018. this sample consists of five h/he-rich sne, six h-poor/he-rich sne, three narrow lined sne ic, and four broad lined sne ic. the peak luminosity and characteristic time-scales of the bolometric light curves are calculated,... | investigating the properties of stripped-envelope supernovae; what are the implications for their progenitors? |
this book provides two state-of-the-art quantitative techniques to determine ultra-trace rare earth elements (rees) in natural carbonates using solution nebulization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (sn-icpms) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (la-icpms) with respective applica... | advanced and applied studies on ultra-trace rare earth elements (rees) in carbonates using sn-icpms and la-icpms |
we present new hubble space telescope/wide field camera 3 (hst/wfc3) imaging of 25 extremely luminous (-23.2 ≤ muv ≲ -21.2) lyman-break galaxies (lbgs) at z ≃ 7. the sample was initially selected from 1.65 deg2 of ground-based imaging in the ultravista/cosmos and uds/sxds fields, and includes the extreme lyman α emitte... | unveiling the nature of bright z ≃ 7 galaxies with the hubble space telescope |
stellar population models produce radiation fields that ionize oxygen up to o+2, defining the limit of standard h ii region models (<54.9 ev). yet, some extreme emission-line galaxies, or eelgs, have surprisingly strong emission originating from much higher ionization potentials. we present uv hst/cos and optical lb... | characterizing extreme emission-line galaxies. i. a four-zone ionization model for very high-ionization emission |
the chemical abundances of spiral galaxies, as probed by h ii regions across their disks, are key to understanding the evolution of galaxies over a wide range of environments. we present large binocular telescope/multi-object double spectrographs spectra of 52 h ii regions in ngc 3184 as part of the chemical abundances... | chaos iv: gas-phase abundance trends from the first four chaos galaxies |
ultraviolet nebular emission lines are important for understanding the time evolution and nucleosynthetic origins of their associated elements, but the underlying trends of their relative abundances are unclear. we present uv spectroscopy of 20 nearby low-metallicity, high-ionization dwarf galaxies obtained using the h... | the chemical evolution of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in metal-poor dwarf galaxies |
observation shows that nebular emission, molecular gas, and young stars in giant galaxies are associated with rising x-ray bubbles inflated by radio jets launched from nuclear black holes. we propose a model where molecular clouds condense from low-entropy gas caught in the updraft of rising x-ray bubbles. the low-entr... | a mechanism for stimulating agn feedback by lifting gas in massive galaxies |
we have conducted a homogeneous near-infrared (near-ir) spectroscopic survey of 33 objects with varying degrees of similarity to fu orionis. common spectroscopic features that are characteristic of the three classical fuors, fu ori, v1057 cyg, and v1515 cyg, are strong co absorption, weak metal absorption, strong water... | a near-infrared spectroscopic survey of fu orionis objects |
we have discovered a 300 kpc-wide giant lyman-α (lyα) nebula centered on the massive galaxy group ro-1001 at z = 2.91 in the cosmic evolution survey field. keck cosmic web imager observations reveal three cold gas filaments converging into the center of the potential well of its ∼4 × 1013 m⊙ dark matter halo, hosting 1... | three lyman-α-emitting filaments converging to a massive galaxy group at z = 2.91: discussing the case for cold gas infall |
the study of carbon and oxygen abundances yields information on the time evolution and nucleosynthetic origins of these elements, yet they remain relatively unexplored. at low metallicities, (12+log(o/h) < 8.0), nebular carbon measurements are limited to rest-frame uv collisionally excited emission lines. therefore,... | carbon and oxygen abundances in low metallicity dwarf galaxies |
we present the calibration of the insight-hard x-ray modulation telescope (insight-hxmt) x-ray satellite, which can be used to perform timing and spectral studies of bright x-ray sources. insight-hxmt carries three main payloads onboard: the high energy x-ray telescope (he), the medium energy x-ray telescope (me) and t... | in-flight calibration of the insight-hard x-ray modulation telescope |
supermassive black holes in galaxy centres can grow by the accretion of gas, liberating energy that might regulate star formation on galaxy-wide scales. the nature of the gaseous fuel reservoirs that power black hole growth is nevertheless largely unconstrained by observations, and is instead routinely simplified as a ... | cold, clumpy accretion onto an active supermassive black hole |
we present a joint analysis of rest-ultraviolet (uv) and rest-optical spectra obtained using keck/lris and keck/mosfire for a sample of 62 star-forming galaxies at z ~ 2.3. we divide our sample into two bins based on their location in the [o iii]5007/hβ versus [n ii]6584/hα bpt diagram, and perform the first differenti... | the mosdef-lris survey: the interplay between massive stars and ionized gas in high-redshift star-forming galaxies |
we present a joint analysis of the galaxy s04590 at z = 8.496 based on nirspec, nircam, and niriss observations obtained as part of the early release observations program of the james webb space telescope (jwst) and the far-infrared [c ii] 158 μm emission line detected by dedicated atacama large millimeter/submillimete... | the gas and stellar content of a metal-poor galaxy at z = 8.496 as revealed by jwst and alma |
the orion nebula cluster toward the h ii region m42 is the most outstanding young cluster at the smallest distance (410 pc) among the rich high-mass stellar clusters. by newly analyzing the archival molecular data of the 12co(j = 1-0) emission at 21″ resolution, we identified at least three pairs of complementary distr... | a new look at the molecular gas in m42 and m43: possible evidence for cloud-cloud collision that triggered formation of the ob stars in the orion nebula cluster |
we use spatially resolved spectroscopy from the calar alto legacy integral field area (califa) survey to study the nature of the line emitting gas in galaxies of different hubble types, focusing on the separation of star-forming (sf) regions from those better characterized as diffuse ionized gas (dig). the diagnosis is... | diffuse ionized gas in galaxies across the hubble sequence at the califa resolution |
ultraluminous x-ray sources (ulxs) were identified as a separate class of objects in 2000 based on data from the chandra x-ray observatory. these are unique objects: their x-ray luminosities exceed the eddington limit for a typical stellar-mass black hole. for a long time, the nature of ulxs remained unclear. however, ... | ultraluminous x-ray sources |
the origin of nebular he ii emission, which is frequently observed in low-metallicity (o/h) star-forming galaxies, remains largely an unsolved question. using the observed anticorrelation of the integrated x-ray luminosity per unit of star formation rate (lx/sfr) of an x-ray binary population with metallicity and other... | x-ray binaries as the origin of nebular he ii emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies |
the ubiquity of lyman alpha (lyα) emission in a sample of four bright [o iii]-strong star-forming galaxies with redshifts above seven has led to the suggestion that such luminous sources represent a distinct population compared with their fainter, more numerous counterparts. the presence of lyα emission within the reio... | a spectroscopic search for agn activity in the reionization era |
theoretical models predict that core-collapse supernovae (ccsne) can be efficient dust producers (0.1-1.0 m⊙), potentially accounting for most of the dust production in the early universe. observational evidence for this dust production efficiency is however currently limited to only a few ccsn remnants (e.g. sn 1987a,... | the dust mass in cassiopeia a from a spatially resolved herschel analysis |
we analyze the spatial distribution of dusty young stellar objects (ysos) identified in the spitzer survey of the orion molecular clouds, augmenting these data with chandra x-ray observations to correct for incompleteness in dense clustered regions. we also devise a scheme to correct for spatially varying incompletenes... | the spitzer space telescope survey of the orion a and b molecular clouds. ii. the spatial distribution and demographics of dusty young stellar objects |
one of the most challenging aspects of studying galaxies in the z≳ 7 universe is the infrequent confirmation of their redshifts through spectroscopy, a phenomenon thought to occur from the increasing opacity of the intergalactic medium to lyα photons at z\gt 6.5. the resulting redshift uncertainties inhibit the efficie... | high-precision photometric redshifts from spitzer/irac: extreme [3.6] - [4.5] colors identify galaxies in the redshift range z ∼ 6.6 - 6.9 |
we report new observations of sl2s j021737-051329, a lens system consisting of a bright arc at z = 1.84435, magnified ∼17× by a massive galaxy at z = 0.65. sl2s0217 is a low-mass (m < 109 m ⊙), low-metallicity (z ∼ 1/20 z ⊙) galaxy, with extreme star-forming conditions that produce strong nebular uv emission lines i... | a window on the earliest star formation: extreme photoionization conditions of a high-ionization, low-metallicity lensed galaxy at z ∼ 2* |
the nebular recombination line h α is widely used as a star formation rate (sfr) indicator in the local and high-redshift universe. we present a detailed h α radiative transfer study of high-resolution isolated milky-way and large magellanic cloud simulations that include radiative transfer, non-equilibrium thermochemi... | h α emission in local galaxies: star formation, time variability, and the diffuse ionized gas |
we present an optical analysis of 55 members of r136, the central cluster in the tarantula nebula of the large magellanic cloud. our sample was observed with stis aboard the hubble space telescope, is complete down to about 40 m⊙, and includes seven very massive stars with masses over 100 m⊙. we performed a spectroscop... | the r136 star cluster dissected with hubble space telescope/stis - ii. physical properties of the most massive stars in r136 |
high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy with hitomi was expected to resolve the origin of the faint unidentified e≈ 3.5 {kev} emission line reported in several low-resolution studies of various massive systems, such as galaxies and clusters, including the perseus cluster. we have analyzed the hitomi first-light observation ... | hitomi constraints on the 3.5 kev line in the perseus galaxy cluster |
the radiative torque (rat) alignment of interstellar grains with ordinary paramagnetic susceptibilities has been supported by earlier studies. the alignment of such grains depends on the so-called rat parameter q max, which is determined by the grain shape. in this paper, we elaborate on our model of rat alignment for ... | a unified model of grain alignment: radiative alignment of interstellar grains with magnetic inclusions |
this paper presents a maximum-likelihood algorithm for combining sky maps with disparate sky coverage, angular resolution and spatially varying anisotropic noise into a single map of the sky. we use this to merge hundreds of individual maps covering the 2008-2018 act observing seasons, resulting in by far the deepest a... | the atacama cosmology telescope: arcminute-resolution maps of 18 000 square degrees of the microwave sky from act 2008-2018 data combined with planck |
we present lyman continuum (lyc) radiation escape fraction (fesc) measurements for 183 spectroscopically confirmed star-forming galaxies in the redshift range 3.11 < z < 3.53 in the chandra deep field south. we use ground-based imaging to measure fesc, and use ground- and space-based photometry to derive galaxy p... | no strong dependence of lyman continuum leakage on physical properties of star-forming galaxies at ≲ z ≲ 3.5 |
we present atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array and multi-unit spectroscopic explorer observations of the brightest cluster galaxy in abell 2597, a nearby (z = 0.0821) cool core cluster of galaxies. the data map the kinematics of a three billion solar mass filamentary nebula that spans the innermost 30 kpc of t... | a galaxy-scale fountain of cold molecular gas pumped by a black hole |
we discuss the rest-frame optical emission line spectra of a large (∼50) sample of z ∼ 3.1 lyα emitting galaxies (laes) whose physical properties suggest such sources are promising analogs of galaxies in the reionization era. reliable lyman continuum (lyc) escape fractions have now been determined for a large sample of... | the lyman continuum escape survey. ii. ionizing radiation as a function of the [o iii]/[o ii] line ratio |
prior to the launch of jwst, spitzer/irac photometry offers the only means of studying the rest-frame optical properties of z >7 galaxies. many such high-redshift galaxies display a red [3.6]-[4.5] micron colour, often referred to as the 'irac excess', which has conventionally been interpreted as arising from intens... | interpreting the spitzer/irac colours of 7 ≤ z ≤ 9 galaxies: distinguishing between line emission and starlight using alma |
we present numerical models of the nebular emission from h ii regions around young stellar populations over a range of compositions and ages. the synthetic stellar populations include both single stars and interacting binary stars. we compare these models to the observed emission lines of 254 h ii regions of 13 nearby ... | emission-line diagnostics of nearby h ii regions including interacting binary populations |
the redshift range z = 4-6 marks a transition phase between primordial and mature galaxy formation in which galaxies considerably increase their stellar mass, metallicity, and dust content. the study of galaxies in this redshift range is therefore important to understanding early galaxy formation and the fate of galaxi... | the recent burstiness of star formation in galaxies at z ∼ 4.5 from hα measurements |
we present accurate mass and thermodynamic profiles for 57 galaxy clusters observed with the chandra x-ray observatory. we investigate the effects of local gravitational acceleration in central cluster galaxies, and explore the role of the local free-fall time ({t}{ff}) in thermally unstable cooling. we find that the r... | the onset of thermally unstable cooling from the hot atmospheres of giant galaxies in clusters: constraints on feedback models |
a quantitative understanding of the elemental and isotopic fractionations recorded in the compositions of the chondritic meteorites would provide fundamental constraints for astrophysical models of early solar system evolution. here it is shown through least squares fitting that almost all features of the bulk elementa... | quantitative models for the elemental and isotopic fractionations in chondrites: the carbonaceous chondrites |
we present a photometric and spectroscopic analysis of the ultraluminous and slowly evolving 03fg-like type ia sn 2021zny. our observational campaign starts from ~5.3 h after explosion (making sn 2021zny one of the earliest observed members of its class), with dense multiwavelength coverage from a variety of ground- an... | sn 2021zny: an early flux excess combined with late-time oxygen emission suggests a double white dwarf merger event |
stars stripped of their envelopes from interaction with a binary companion emit a significant fraction of their radiation as ionizing photons. they are potentially important stellar sources of ionizing radiation, however, they are still often neglected in spectral synthesis simulations or simulations of stellar feedbac... | the impact of stars stripped in binaries on the integrated spectra of stellar populations |
we present very faint dropout galaxies at z ∼ 6-9 with a stellar mass m⋆ down to ${m}_{\star }\sim {10}^{6}\,{m}_{\odot }$ that are found in deep optical/near-infrared (nir) images of the full data sets of the hubble frontier fields (hff) program in conjunction with deep ground-based and spitzer images and gravitationa... | early low-mass galaxies and star-cluster candidates at z ∼ 6-9 identified by the gravitational-lensing technique and deep optical/near-infrared imaging |
we present spectroscopic redshifts of {\text{}}{s}870μ {{m}} ≳ 2 mjy submillimeter galaxies (smgs), which have been identified from the alma follow-up observations of 870 μm detected sources in the extended chandra deep field south (the alma-less survey). we derive spectroscopic redshifts for 52 smgs, with a median of ... | an alma survey of submillimeter galaxies in the extended chandradeep field south: spectroscopic redshifts |
we present the discovery and analysis of j1316+2614 at z = 3.6130, a uv-bright star-forming galaxy (muv ≃ -24.7) with large escape of lyman continuum (lyc) radiation. j1316+2614 is a young (≃10 myr) star-forming galaxy with sfr ≃ 500 m⊙ yr-1 and a starburst mass of log(m⋆/m⊙) ≃ 9.7. it shows a very steep uv continuum, ... | an extreme blue nugget, uv-bright starburst at z = 3.613 with 90 per cent of lyman continuum photon escape |
deep rest-optical observations are required to accurately constrain the stellar populations of z ~ 8 galaxies. due to significant limitations in the availability of such data for statistically complete samples, observational results have been limited to modest numbers of bright or lensed sources. to revolutionize the p... | blue rest-frame uv-optical colors in z 8 galaxies from greats: very young stellar populations at650 myr of cosmic time |
we derive stringent constraints on the persistent source associated with frb 121102: size 0.3< {r}17.5 =(r/{10}17.5 {cm})< 3, age < {10}2.5 year, energy e≈ {10}49{({\varepsilon }e/0.2{gev})}3 erg, characteristic electron energy 0.1≤slant {\varepsilon }e/1 {gev}≤slant 0.5; the radiating plasma is confined by a ... | on the origin of fast radio bursts (frbs) |
infrared and nebular lines provide some of our best probes of the physics regulating the properties of the interstellar medium (ism) at high redshift. however, interpreting the physical conditions of high-redshift galaxies directly from emission lines remains complicated due to inhomogeneities in temperature, density, ... | probing cosmic dawn with emission lines: predicting infrared and nebular line emission for alma and jwst |
ninety per cent of baryons are located outside galaxies, either in the circumgalactic or intergalactic medium1,2. theory points to galactic winds as the primary source of the enriched and massive circumgalactic medium3-6. winds from compact starbursts have been observed to flow to distances somewhat greater than ten ki... | a 100-kiloparsec wind feeding the circumgalactic medium of a massive compact galaxy |
context. the orion molecular cloud is the nearest massive-star forming region. massive stars have profound effects on their environment due to their strong radiation fields and stellar winds. stellar feedback is one of the most crucial cosmological parameters that determine the properties and evolution of the interstel... | expanding bubbles in orion a: [c ii] observations of m 42, m 43, and ngc 1977 |
planets with 2 r⊕ < r < 3 r⊕ and orbital period <100 days are abundant; these sub-neptune exoplanets are not well understood. for example, kepler sub-neptunes are likely to have deep magma oceans in contact with their atmospheres, but little is known about the effect of the magma on the atmosphere. here we stu... | atmosphere origins for exoplanet sub-neptunes |
we analyze the rest-optical emission-line ratios of star-forming galaxies at 2.7 ≤ z < 6.5 drawn from the cosmic evolution early release science (ceers) survey and their relationships with stellar mass (m *). our analysis includes both line ratios based on the [n ii] λ6583 feature ([n ii] λ6583/hα, ([o iii] λ5007/hβ... | jwst/nirspec measurements of the relationships between nebular emission-line ratios and stellar mass at z 3-6 |
nebular-phase observations and spectral models of type ic superluminous supernovae (slsne) are presented. lsq14an and sn 2015bn both display late-time spectra similar to galaxy-subtracted spectra of sn 2007bi, and the class shows strong similarity with broad-lined sne ic such as sn 1998bw. near-infrared observations of... | long-duration superluminous supernovae at late times |
the hydrogen-isotope [deuterium/hydrogen (d/h)] ratio of earth can be used to constrain the origin of its water. however, the most accessible reservoir, earth’s oceans, may no longer represent the original (primordial) d/h ratio, owing to changes caused by water cycling between the surface and the interior. thus, a res... | evidence for primordial water in earth’s deep mantle |
we derive new self-consistent theoretical uv, optical, and ir diagnostics for the interstellar medium (ism) pressure and electron density in the ionized nebulae of star-forming galaxies. our uv diagnostics utilize the intercombination, forbidden, and resonance lines of silicon, carbon, aluminum, neon, and nitrogen. we ... | theoretical ism pressure and electron density diagnostics for local and high-redshift galaxies |
most galaxies comparable to or larger than the mass of the milky way host hot, x-ray emitting atmospheres, and many such galaxies are radio sources. hot atmospheres and radio jets and lobes are the ingredients of radio-mechanical active galactic nucleus (agn) feedback. while a consensus has emerged that such feedback s... | hot atmospheres, cold gas, agn feedback and the evolution of early type galaxies: a topical perspective |
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