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galaxy groups and poor clusters are more common than rich clusters, and host the largest fraction of matter content in the universe. hence, their studies are key to understand the gravitational and thermal evolution of the bulk of the cosmic matter. moreover, because of their shallower gravitational potential, galaxy g... | scaling properties of galaxy groups |
we present the most extensive sample of 45 type i (short) and 275 type ii (long) gamma-ray bursts (grbs) with known redshift to investigate the correlation between the rest-frame peak energy, ep,i and the total isotropic equivalent energy, eiso of the prompt emission (amati relation). the ep,i-eiso correlation for type... | the ep,i-eiso correlation: type i gamma-ray bursts and the new classification method |
alma observations of z > 6 galaxies have revealed abnormally high [o iii]88 $\mu$m/[c ii]158 $\mu$m ratios and [c ii]158 $\mu$m deficits compared to local galaxies. the origin of this behaviour is unknown. numerous solutions have been proposed including differences in c and o abundance ratios, observational bias, an... | the nature of high [o iii]88 μ m/[c ii]158 μm galaxies in the epoch of reionization: low carbon abundance and a top-heavy imf? |
we introduce a generalized form of an emergent dark energy model with one degree of freedom for the dark energy sector that has the flexibility to include both the λcdm model as well as the phenomenologically emergent dark energy (pede) model proposed by li & shafieloo as two of its special limits. the free paramet... | evidence for emergent dark energy |
measurements of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w, have been limited by uncertainty in the selection effects and photometric calibration of z < 0.1 type ia supernovae (sne ia). the foundation supernova survey is designed to lower these uncertainties by creating a new sample of z < 0.1 sne ia observed... | the foundation supernova survey: measuring cosmological parameters with supernovae from a single telescope |
cosmic microwave background (cmb) anisotropy (spatial inhomogeneity) data provide the tightest constraints on the hubble constant, matter density, spatial curvature, and dark energy dynamics. other data, sensitive to the evolution of only the spatially homogeneous part of the cosmological model, such as type ia superno... | measuring the hubble constant and spatial curvature from supernova apparent magnitude, baryon acoustic oscillation, and hubble parameter data |
understanding ionizing fluxes of stellar populations is crucial for various astrophysical problems including the epoch of reionization. short-lived massive stars are generally considered as the main stellar sources. we examine the potential role of less massive stars that lose their envelope through interaction with a ... | ionizing spectra of stars that lose their envelope through interaction with a binary companion: role of metallicity |
the cumulative emission of axionlike particles (alps) from all past core-collapse supernovae (sne) would lead to a diffuse flux with energies o (50 ) mev . we use this to constrain alps featuring couplings to photons and to nucleons. alps coupled only to photons are produced in the sn core via the primakoff process and... | bounds on axionlike particles from the diffuse supernova flux |
we present a determination of the hubble constant from the joint, free-form analysis of eight strongly, quadruply lensing systems. in the concordance cosmology, we find $h_0{} = 71.8^{+3.9}_{-3.3}\, \mathrm{km}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1}\, \mathrm{mpc}^{-1}{}{}$ with a precision of $4.97{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. this is in agreemen... | the hubble constant from eight time-delay galaxy lenses |
type ii supernovae (sne ii) originate from the explosion of hydrogen-rich supergiant massive stars. their first electromagnetic signature is the shock breakout (sbo), a short-lived phenomenon that can last for hours to days depending on the density at shock emergence. we present 26 rising optical light curves of sn ii ... | the delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type ii supernovae |
chemical evolution models are powerful tools for interpreting stellar abundance surveys and understanding galaxy evolution. however, their predictions depend heavily on the treatment of inflow, outflow, star formation efficiency (sfe), the stellar initial mass function, the sn ia delay time distribution, stellar yields... | inflow, outflow, yields, and stellar population mixing in chemical evolution models |
gravitational wave transients, resulting from the merger of two stellar remnants, are now detectable. the properties and rates of these directly relates to the stellar population which gave rise to their progenitors, and thus to other electromagnetic transients which result from stellar death. we aim to estimate simult... | a consistent estimate for gravitational wave and electromagnetic transient rates |
type ia supernovae arise from the thermonuclear explosion of white-dwarf stars that have cores of carbon and oxygen. the uniformity of their light curves makes these supernovae powerful cosmological distance indicators, but there have long been debates about exactly how their explosion is triggered and what kind of com... | a hybrid type ia supernova with an early flash triggered by helium-shell detonation |
extreme stripped-envelope supernovae (sesne), including type ic superluminous supernovae (slsne), broad-line type ic sne (sne ic-bl), and fast blue optical transients (fbots), are widely believed to harbor a newborn fast-spinning highly-magnetized neutron star (``magnetar''), which can lose its rotational energy via sp... | formation of fast-spinning neutron stars in close binaries and magnetar-driven stripped-envelope supernovae |
the importance of detecting neutrinos from a milky way core-collapse supernova is well known. an understudied phase is proto-neutron star cooling. for sn 1987a, this seemingly began at about 2 s and is thus probed by only 6 of the 19 events (and only the ν¯e flavor) in the kamiokande-ii and imb detectors. with the high... | exciting prospects for detecting late-time neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae |
based on our recent three-dimensional core-collapse supernova (ccsn) simulations including both exploding and non-exploding models, we study the detailed neutrino signals in representative terrestrial neutrino observatories, namely super-kamiokande (hyper-kamiokande), dune, juno, and icecube. we find that the physical ... | core-collapse supernova neutrino emission and detection informed by state-of-the-art three-dimensional numerical models |
we analyze new jwst nircam and nirspec data on the redshift 9.11 galaxy macs1149-jd1 (hereafter jd1). our nircam imaging data reveal that jd1 comprises three spatially distinct components. our spectroscopic data indicate that jd1 appears dust free but is already enriched, $12+\mathrm{log}({\rm{o}}/{\rm{h}})={7.90}_{-0.... | the puzzling properties of the macs1149-jd1 galaxy at z = 9.11 |
we construct evolutionary models of the remnant of the merger of two carbon-oxygen (co) core white dwarfs (wds). with total masses in the range 1-2 m⊙, these remnants may either leave behind a single massive wd or undergo a merger-induced collapse to a neutron star (ns). on the way to their final fate, these objects ge... | evolutionary models for the remnant of the merger of two carbon-oxygen core white dwarfs |
the star formation rate (sfr) in galactic disks depends on both the quantity of the available interstellar medium (ism) gas and its physical state. conversely, the ism's physical state depends on the sfr, because the "feedback" energy and momentum injected by recently formed massive stars is crucial to offsetting losse... | pressure-regulated, feedback-modulated star formation in disk galaxies |
we introduce a semiparametric model for the primary mass distribution of binary black holes (bbhs) observed with gravitational waves (gws) that applies a cubic-spline perturbation to a power law. we apply this model to the 46 bbhs included in the second gravitational-wave transient catalog (gwtc-2). the spline perturba... | ain't no mountain high enough: semiparametric modeling of ligo-virgo's binary black hole mass distribution |
cosmological probes at any redshift are necessary to reconstruct consistently the cosmic history. studying properly the tension on the hubble constant, h0, obtained by supernovae type ia (sne ia) and the planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation would require complete samples of distance indicato... | gamma-ray bursts, supernovae ia, and baryon acoustic oscillations: a binned cosmological analysis |
we discuss as accurately as possible the cross section of quasi-elastic scattering of electron (anti-)neutrinos on nucleons, also known as inverse beta decay in the case of antineutrinos. we focus on the moderate energy range from a few mev up to hundreds of mev, which includes neutrinos from reactors and supernovae. w... | an accurate evaluation of electron (anti-)neutrino scattering on nucleons |
some cosmological models with non-negligible dark energy fractions, in particular windows of the prerecombination epoch, are capable of alleviating the hubble tension quite efficiently, while keeping the good description of the data that are used to build the cosmic inverse distance ladder. there has been an intensive ... | coupled and uncoupled early dark energy, massive neutrinos, and the cosmological tensions |
core-collapse supernovae (ccsne) are prime candidates for gravitational-wave detectors. the analysis of their complex waveforms can potentially provide information on the physical processes operating during the collapse of the iron cores of massive stars. in this work we analyze the early-bounce rapidly rotating ccsn s... | bayesian inference from gravitational waves in fast-rotating, core-collapse supernovae |
fulfilling the rich promise of rapid advances in time-domain astronomy is only possible through confronting our observations with physical models and extracting the parameters that best describe what we see. here, we introduce {\sc redback}; a bayesian inference software package for electromagnetic transients. {\sc red... | redback: a bayesian inference software package for electromagnetic transients |
we re-examine the classifications of supernovae (sne) presented in the lick observatory supernova search (loss) volume-limited sample with a focus on the stripped-envelope sne. the loss volume-limited sample, presented by leaman et al. and li et al., was calibrated to provide meaningful measurements of sn rates in the ... | revisiting the lick observatory supernova search volume-limited sample: updated classifications and revised stripped-envelope supernova fractions |
non-thermal particles and high-energy radiation can play a role in the dynamical processes in star-forming regions and provide an important piece of the multiwavelength observational picture of their structure and components. powerful stellar winds and supernovae in compact clusters of massive stars and ob associations... | high-energy particles and radiation in star-forming regions |
ions produced by cosmic rays have been thought to influence aerosols and clouds. in this study, the effect of ionization on the growth of aerosols into cloud condensation nuclei is investigated theoretically and experimentally. we show that the mass-flux of small ions can constitute an important addition to the growth ... | increased ionization supports growth of aerosols into cloud condensation nuclei |
the tin sulfides sns, sn2s3 , and sn s2 are investigated for a wide variety of applications such as photovoltaics, thermoelectrics, two-dimensional electronic devices, li ion battery electrodes, and photocatalysts. for these applications, native point defects play important roles, but only those of sns have been invest... | electronic structure and defect physics of tin sulfides: sns, sn2s3 , and sn s2 |
the most direct and strongest evidence for the presence of dark energy is provided by the measurement of galaxy distances using sne ia. this result is based on the assumption that the corrected brightness of sn ia through the empirical standardization would not evolve with look-back time. recent studies have shown, how... | early-type host galaxies of type ia supernovae. ii. evidence for luminosity evolution in supernova cosmology |
we summarize our current understanding of gravitational wave emission from core-collapse supernovae. we review the established results from multi-dimensional simulations and, wherever possible, provide back-of-the-envelope calculations to highlight the underlying physical principles. the gravitational waves are predomi... | gravitational waves from core-collapse supernovae |
we present a systematic search for wide-separation (with einstein radius θe ≳ 1.5″), galaxy-scale strong lenses in the 30 000 deg2 of the pan-starrs 3π survey on the northern sky. with long time delays of a few days to weeks, these types of systems are particularly well-suited for catching strongly lensed supernovae wi... | holismokes. ii. identifying galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses in pan-starrs using convolutional neural networks |
we find that models of mev-gev dark matter in which dark matter interacts strongly can be constrained by the observation of gravitational waves from binary neutron star (bns) mergers. trace amounts of dark matter, either produced during the supernova or accreted later, can alter the structure of neutron stars (ns) and ... | dark halos around neutron stars and gravitational waves |
for the origin of heavy rapid neutron capture process (r-process) elements, different sources have been proposed, e.g. core-collapse supernovae or neutron star mergers. old metal-poor stars carry the signature of the astrophysical source(s). among the elements dominantly made by the r-process, europium (eu) is relative... | galactic evolution of rapid neutron capture process abundances: the inhomogeneous approach |
we present optical and near-infrared (nir, y-, j-, h-band) observations of 42 type ia supernovae (sne ia) discovered by the untargeted intermediate palomar transient factory survey. this new data set covers a broad range of redshifts and host galaxy stellar masses, compared to previous sn ia efforts in the nir. we cons... | near-infrared supernova ia distances: host galaxy extinction and mass-step corrections revisited |
the limits of standard cosmography are here revised addressing the problem of error propagation during statistical analyses. to do so, we propose the use of chebyshev polynomials to parametrize cosmic distances. in particular, we demonstrate that building up rational chebyshev polynomials significantly reduces error pr... | cosmographic analysis with chebyshev polynomials |
core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. they produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants-neutron stars and black holes-are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. however, despite millennia of observations and almo... | supernova model discrimination with hyper-kamiokande |
the ultra-faint dwarf (ufd) galaxy reticulum 2 (ret 2) was recently discovered in images obtained by the dark energy survey. we have observed the four brightest red giants in ret 2 at high spectral resolution using the michigan/magellan fiber system. we present detailed abundances for as many as 20 elements per star, i... | detailed chemical abundances in the r-process-rich ultra-faint dwarf galaxy reticulum 2 |
there are a growing number of nearby supernovae (sne) for which the progenitor star is detected in archival pre-explosion imaging. from these images it is possible to measure the progenitor's brightness a few years before explosion, and ultimately estimate its initial mass. previous work has shown that ii-p and ii-l sn... | the initial masses of the red supergiant progenitors to type ii supernovae |
mounting evidence indicates that neutrinos likely undergo fast flavor conversion (ffc) in at least some core-collapse supernovae. outcomes of ffc, however, remain highly uncertain. here we study the cascade of flavor-field power from large angular scales in momentum space down to small ones, showing that ffc enhances t... | fast oscillations, collisionless relaxation, and spurious evolution of supernova neutrino flavor |
the cosmic distance ladder is the succession of techniques by which it is possible to determine distances to astronomical objects. here, we present a new method to build the cosmic distance ladder, going from local astrophysical measurements to the cmb. instead of relying on high-redshift cosmography in order to model ... | a new method to build the (inverse) distance ladder |
stars that start their lives with spectral types o and early b are the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae, long gamma-ray bursts, neutron stars, and black holes. these massive stars are the primary sources of stellar feedback in star-forming galaxies. at low metallicities, the properties of massive stars and their... | testing massive star evolution, star formation history, and feedback at low metallicity. spectroscopic analysis of ob stars in the smc wing |
we constrain tilted spatially-flat and untilted nonflat xcdm dynamical dark energy inflation parameterizations using planck 2015 cosmic microwave background (cmb) anisotropy data and recent baryonic acoustic oscillations distance measurements, type ia supernovae data, hubble parameter observations, and growth rate meas... | observational constraints on the tilted flat-xcdm and the untilted nonflat xcdm dynamical dark energy inflation parameterizations |
our statistical understanding of galaxy evolution is fundamentally driven by objects that lie above the surface-brightness limits of current wide-area surveys (μ ∼ 23 mag arcsec-2). while both theory and small, deep surveys have hinted at a rich population of low-surface-brightness galaxies (lsbgs) fainter than these l... | the formation and evolution of low-surface-brightness galaxies |
radio emission is a key indicator of star formation activity in galaxies, but the radio luminosity-star formation relation has to date been studied almost exclusively at frequencies of 1.4 ghz or above. at lower radio frequencies, the effects of thermal radio emission are greatly reduced, and so we would expect the rad... | lofar/h-atlas: the low-frequency radio luminosity-star formation rate relation |
we present new herschel photometric and spectroscopic observations of supernova 1987a, carried out in 2012. our dedicated photometric measurements provide new 70 μm data and improved imaging quality at 100 and 160 μm compared to previous observations in 2010. our herschel spectra show only weak co line emission, and pr... | a stubbornly large mass of cold dust in the ejecta of supernova 1987a |
the potential energy from a time-dependent scalar field provides a possible explanation for the observed cosmic acceleration. in this paper, we investigate how the redshift vs brightness data from the recent pantheon+ survey of type ia supernovae constrain the possible evolution of a single scalar field for the period ... | possible hints of decreasing dark energy from supernova data |
advanced ligo and virgo detected 10 binary black holes (bbhs) in their first two observing runs (o1 and o2). analysis of these events found evidence for a dearth of bbhs with component masses greater than ∼45 m⊙, as would be expected from pair-instability supernovae. meanwhile, a standalone analysis of the merger gw170... | the most massive binary black hole detections and the identification of population outliers |
despite being a well understood phenomenon in the context of current terrestrial experiments, neutrino flavor conversions in dense astrophysical environments probably represent one of the most challenging open problems in neutrino physics. apart from being theoretically interesting, such a problem has several phenomeno... | neutrino flavor conversions in high-density astrophysical and cosmological environments |
in astrophysical scenarios with large neutrino density, like supernovae and the early universe, the presence of neutrino-neutrino interactions can give rise to collective flavor oscillations in the out-of-equilibrium collective dynamics of a neutrino cloud. the role of quantum correlations in these phenomena is not yet... | simulation of collective neutrino oscillations on a quantum computer |
some studies of stars' multielement abundance distributions suggest at least 5-7 significant dimensions, but others show that many elemental abundances can be predicted to high accuracy from [fe/h] and [mg/fe] (or [fe/h] and age) alone. we show that both propositions can be, and are, simultaneously true. we adopt a mac... | how many elements matter? |
charged-current neutrino processes such as νe+n ⇌p +e- and ν¯ e+p ⇌n +e+ destroy the flavor coherence among the weak-interaction states of a single neutrino and thus damp its flavor oscillation. in a dense neutrino gas such as that inside a core-collapse supernova or the black hole accretion disk formed in a compact bi... | collisional flavor instability in dense neutrino gases |
we describe the operation and performance of the difference imaging pipeline (diffimg) used to detect transients in deep images from the dark energy survey supernova program (des-sn) in its first observing season from 2013 august through 2014 february. des-sn is a search for transients in which ten 3 deg2 fields are re... | the difference imaging pipeline for the transient search in the dark energy survey |
swope supernova survey 2017a (sss17a) was discovered as the first optical counterpart to the gravitational wave event gw170817. although its light curve on the timescale of weeks roughly matches the expected luminosity and red color of an r-process powered transient, the explanation for the blue emission from high velo... | evidence for cocoon emission from the early light curve of sss17a |
present and upcoming time-domain astronomy efforts, in part driven by gravitational-wave follow-up campaigns, will unveil a variety of rare explosive transients in the sky. here, we focus on pulsational pair-instability evolution, which can result in signatures that are observable with electromagnetic and gravitational... | predictions for the hydrogen-free ejecta of pulsational pair-instability supernovae |
an important part of cosmological model fitting relies on correlating distance indicators of objects (for example, type ia supernovae) with their redshift, often illustrated on a hubble diagram. comparing the observed correlation with a homogeneous model is one of the key pieces of evidence for dark energy. the presenc... | bias and scatter in the hubble diagram from cosmological large-scale structure |
we perform general relativistic one-dimensional supernova (sn) simulations to identify observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from the pion-induced reaction π-+p →n +a inside a newly born protoneutron star (pns). we focus on the early evolution after the onset of the supernova explosion to predict the tempora... | observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from protoneutron stars |
type ia supernovae (sne ia) span a range of luminosities and timescales, from rapidly evolving subluminous to slowly evolving overluminous subtypes. previous theoretical work has, for the most part, been unable to match the entire breadth of observed sne ia with one progenitor scenario. here, for the first time, we app... | non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer simulations of sub-chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf detonations |
analyses of type ia supernovae (sne ia) have found puzzling correlations between their standardized luminosities and host galaxy properties: sne ia in high-mass, passive hosts appear brighter than those in lower mass, star-forming hosts. we examine the host galaxies of sne ia in the dark energy survey 3-yr spectroscopi... | the effect of environment on type ia supernovae in the dark energy survey three-year cosmological sample |
we compare the elemental abundance patterns of ∼200 extremely metal-poor (emp; [fe/h] < -3) stars to the supernova yields of metal-free stars, in order to obtain insights into the characteristic masses of the first (population iii or pop iii) stars in the universe. the supernova yields are prepared with nucleosynthe... | the initial mass function of the first stars inferred from extremely metal-poor stars |
fast and collisional flavor instabilities possibly occur in the neutrino decoupling regions of core-collapse supernovae and neutron-star mergers. to gain a better understanding of the relevant flavor dynamics, we numerically solve for the collisionally unstable evolution in a homogeneous, anisotropic model. in these ca... | collisional instabilities of neutrinos and their interplay with fast flavor conversion in compact objects |
we study the formation of galactic outflows from supernova (sn) explosions with the moving-mesh code arepo in a stratified column of gas with a surface density similar to the milky way disk at the solar circle. we compare different simulation models for sn placement and energy feedback, including cosmic rays (crs), and... | the role of cosmic-ray pressure in accelerating galactic outflows |
the lattice dynamics and high-temperature structural transition in sns and snse are investigated via inelastic neutron scattering, high-resolution raman spectroscopy and anharmonic first-principles simulations. we uncover a spectacular, extreme softening and reconstruction of an entire manifold of low-energy acoustic a... | extended anharmonic collapse of phonon dispersions in sns and snse |
in this review, we first reassess the supernova remnant paradigm for the origin of galactic cosmic rays in the light of recent cosmic-ray data acquired by the voyager 1 spacecraft. we then describe the theory of light-element nucleosynthesis by nuclear interaction of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium and outline... | particle acceleration by supernova shocks and spallogenic nucleosynthesis of light elements |
we report on the gravitational-wave signal computed in the context of a three-dimensional simulation of a core-collapse supernova explosion of a 15 m⊙ star. the simulation was performed with our neutrino hydrodynamics code chimera. we detail the gravitational wave strains as a function of time, for both polarizations, ... | gravitational-wave signal of a core-collapse supernova explosion of a 15 m⊙ star |
we report the discovery of a nearby dwarf galaxy in the constellation of hydrus, between the large (lmc) and the small magellanic clouds (smc). hydrus 1 is a mildly elliptical ultrafaint system with luminosity mv ∼ -4.7 and size 53 ± 3 pc, located 28 kpc from the sun and 24 kpc from the lmc. from spectroscopy of ∼30 me... | snake in the clouds: a new nearby dwarf galaxy in the magellanic bridge* |
we present new large binocular telescope, hubble space telescope, and spitzer space telescope data for the failed supernova candidate n6946-bh1. we also report an unsuccessful attempt to detect the candidate with chandra. the ~300 000 $\, \mathrm{l}_\odot$ red supergiant progenitor underwent an outburst in 2009 and has... | the search for failed supernovae with the large binocular telescope: n6946-bh1, still no star |
a dense neutrino medium can experience collective flavor oscillations through nonlinear neutrino-neutrino refraction. to make this multi-dimensional flavor transport problem more tractable, all existing studies have assumed certain symmetries (e.g., the spatial homogeneity and directional isotropy in the early universe... | flavor instabilities in the neutrino line model |
we have performed r -process calculations for matter ejected dynamically in neutron star mergers based on a complete set of trajectories from a three-dimensional relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulation with a total ejected mass of ∼1.7 ×10-3m⊙ . our calculations consider an extended nuclear network, incl... | nuclear robustness of the r process in neutron-star mergers |
recently, barrow holographic dark energy (bhde), based on barrow entropy, has been proposed to describe the late acceleration of the universe. contrary to the earlier analysis of this model in the literature, we consider the bhde with the granda-oliveros length as ir cut-off, as a dynamical vacuum, having a constant eq... | barrow holographic dark energy model with go cut-off - an alternative perspective |
we investigate observable signatures of a first-order quantum chromodynamics (qcd) phase transition in the context of core-collapse supernovae. to this end, we conduct axially symmetric numerical relativity simulations with multi-energy neutrino transport, using a hadron-quark hybrid equation of state (eos). we conside... | core-collapse supernova simulations and the formation of neutron stars, hybrid stars, and black holes |
diffusive shock acceleration is a prominent mechanism for producing energetic particles in space and in astrophysical systems. such energetic particles have long been predicted to affect the hydrodynamic structure of the shock, in turn leading to cr spectra flatter than the test-particle prediction. however, in this wo... | kinetic simulations of cosmic-ray-modified shocks. ii. particle spectra |
we constrain the formation rate of galactic magnetars directly from observations. combining spin-down rates, magnetic activity, and association with supernova remnants, we put a 2σ limit on their galactic formation rate at 2.3-20 kyr^{-1}. this leads to a fraction 0.4_{-0.28}^{+0.6} of neutron stars being born as magne... | formation rates and evolution histories of magnetars |
recent distance ladder determinations of the hubble constant h0 disagree at about the 3.5σ level with the value determined from planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (cmb) assuming a λcdm† cosmology. this discrepancy has prompted speculation that new physics might be required beyond that assumed in the... | model independent h(z) reconstruction using the cosmic inverse distance ladder |
the beyond ultra-deep frontier fields and legacy observations (buffalo) is a 101 orbit + 101 parallel cycle 25 hubble space telescope (hst) treasury program taking data from 2018 to 2020. buffalo will expand existing coverage of the hubble frontier fields (hff) in wide field camera 3/ir f105w, f125w, and f160w and adva... | the buffalo hst survey |
the xenon collaboration recently reported an excess of electron recoil events in the low energy region with a significance of around 3.3 σ . an explanation of this excess in terms of thermal dark matter seems challenging. we propose a scenario where dark matter in the milky way halo gets boosted as a result of scatteri... | boosted dark matter from diffuse supernova neutrinos |
liu et al. (2019) recently reported the detection of a 68 [+11/-13] solar mass (msun) black hole (bh) paired with an 8.2 [+0.9/-1.2] msun b-type sub-giant star in the 78.9-day spectroscopic binary system lb-1. such a black hole is over twice as massive as any other known stellar-mass black hole with non-compact compani... | on the signature of a 70-solar-mass black hole in lb-1 |
context. elements heavier than iron are produced through neutron-capture processes in the different phases of stellar evolution. asymptotic giant branch (agb) stars are believed to be mainly responsible for elements that form through the slow neutron-capture process, while the elements created in the rapid neutron-capt... | the origin and evolution of r- and s-process elements in the milky way stellar disk |
most type i superluminous supernovae (slsne-i) reported to date have been identified by their high peak luminosities and spectra lacking obvious signs of hydrogen. we demonstrate that these events can be distinguished from normal-luminosity sne (including type ic events) solely from their spectra over a wide range of l... | spectra of hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae from the palomar transient factory |
a significant fraction of stars between 7 and 11 solar masses are thought to become supernovae, but the explosion mechanism is unclear. the answer depends critically on the rate of electron capture on 20ne in the degenerate oxygen-neon stellar core. however, because of the unknown strength of the transition between the... | discovery of an exceptionally strong β -decay transition of 20f and implications for the fate of intermediate-mass stars |
symbolic regression (sr) algorithms attempt to learn analytic expressions which fit data accurately and in a highly interpretable manner. conventional sr suffers from two fundamental issues which we address here. first, these methods search the space stochastically (typically using genetic programming) and hence do not... | exhaustive symbolic regression |
massive stars (~8-25 m ⊙) stripped of their hydrogen-rich envelopes via binary interaction are thought to be the main progenitors for merging neutron stars and stripped-envelope supernovae. we recently presented the discovery of the first set of such stripped stars in a companion paper. here, we fit the spectra of 10 s... | stellar properties of observed stars stripped in binaries in the magellanic clouds |
gaussian processes (gp) provide an elegant and model-independent method for extracting cosmological information from the observational data. in this work, we employ gp to perform a joint analysis by using the geometrical cosmological probes such as supernova type ia (sn), cosmic chronometers (cc), baryon acoustic oscil... | measurements of h0 and reconstruction of the dark energy properties from a model-independent joint analysis |
a large fraction of gamma-ray burst (grb) lightcurves (lcs) show x-ray plateaus. we analyze all grbs with known redshifts presenting plateaus observed by the neil gehrels swift observatory from its launch until 2019 august. the fundamental plane relation between the rest-frame time and x-ray luminosity at the end of th... | the x-ray fundamental plane of the platinum sample, the kilonovae, and the sne ib/c associated with grbs |
the icecube report of a ∼ 3.5σ excess of 13 ± 5 neutrino events in the direction of the blazar txs 0506+056 in 2014-2015 and the 2017 detection of a high-energy neutrino event, icecube-170922a, during a gamma-ray flare from the same blazar, have revived the interest in scenarios for neutrino production in blazars. we p... | multi-epoch modeling of txs 0506+056 and implications for long-term high-energy neutrino emission |
the most stringent local measurement of the hubble-lemaître constant from cepheid-calibrated type ia supernovae (sne ia) differs from the value inferred via the cosmic microwave background radiation (planck+λcdm) by ~5σ. this so-called hubble tension has been confirmed by other independent methods, and thus does not ap... | a 5 per cent measurement of the hubble-lemaître constant from type ii supernovae |
comparing galactic chemical evolution models to the observed elemental abundances in the milky way, we show that neutron star mergers can be a leading r-process site only if at low metallicities such mergers have very short delay times and significant ejecta masses that are facilitated by the masses of the compact obje... | can neutron star mergers alone explain the r-process enrichment of the milky way? |
measurements of the h0 and σ8 parameters within the standard cosmological model recently highlighted significant statistical tensions between the cosmic microwave background and low-redshift probes, such as local distance ladder, weak lensing, and galaxy clustering surveys. in this work, we frame geometrical distances ... | cosmographic view on the h0 and σ8 tensions |
context. type ib/c supernovae (sne ib/c) have been investigated in several single-object studies; however, there is still a paucity of works concerning larger, homogeneous samples of these hydrogen-poor transients, in particular regarding the premaximum phase of their light curves.aims: in this paper we present and ana... | early-time light curves of type ib/c supernovae from the sdss-ii supernova survey |
we present the first three-dimensional (3d) simulation of the final minutes of iron core growth in a massive star, up to and including the point of core gravitational instability and collapse. we capture the development of strong convection driven by violent si burning in the shell surrounding the iron core. this conve... | the three-dimensional evolution to core collapse of a massive star |
we present detailed chemical abundances for 99 red-giant branch stars in the centre of the sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, which have been obtained from high-resolution vlt/flames spectroscopy. the abundances of li, na, α-elements (o, mg, si, ca ti), iron-peak elements (sc, cr, fe, co, ni, zn), and r- and s-process e... | vlt/flames high-resolution chemical abundances in sculptor: a textbook dwarf spheroidal galaxy |
we report on the energetics of molecular outflows in 14 local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ulirgs) that show unambiguous outflow signatures (p cygni profiles or high-velocity absorption wings) in the far-infrared lines of oh measured with the herschel/pacs spectrometer. all sample galaxies are gas-rich mergers at v... | molecular outflows in local ulirgs: energetics from multitransition oh analysis |
the massive black hole (bh) population in dwarf galaxies (m bh ≲ 105 m ⊙) can provide strong constraints on the origin of bh seeds. however, traditional optical searches for active galactic nuclei (agns) only reliably detect high-accretion, relatively high-mass bhs in dwarf galaxies with low amounts of star formation, ... | a sample of massive black holes in dwarf galaxies detected via [fe x] coronal line emission: active galactic nuclei and/or tidal disruption events |
beyond-the-standard-model interactions of neutrinos among themselves—secret interactions—in the supernova core may prevent the shock revival, halting the supernova explosion. besides, if supernova neutrinos en route to earth undergo secret interactions with relic neutrinos, the neutrino burst reaching earth may be down... | core-collapse supernovae stymie secret neutrino interactions |
the unprecedented volume and rate of transient events that will be discovered by the large synoptic survey telescope (lsst) demand that the astronomical community update its follow-up paradigm. alert-brokers—automated software system to sift through, characterize, annotate, and prioritize events for follow-up—will be c... | machine-learning-based brokers for real-time classification of the lsst alert stream |
we propose a cosmological model, ü λ cdm , based on "über gravity," which is a canonical ensemble average of many theories of gravity. in this model, we have a sharp transition from (a purely) λ cdm era to a phase in which the ricci scalar is a constant. this transition occurs when the ricci scalar reaches a critical s... | h0 tension as a hint for a transition in gravitational theory |
based on their relatively isolated environments, we argue that luminous blue variables (lbvs) must be primarily the product of binary evolution, challenging the traditional single-star view wherein lbvs mark a brief transition between massive o-type stars and wolf-rayet (wr) stars. if the latter were true, then lbvs sh... | luminous blue variables are antisocial: their isolation implies that they are kicked mass gainers in binary evolution |
we present zwicky transient facility (ztf) observations of the tidal disruption flare at2018zr/ps18kh reported by holoien et al. and detected during ztf commissioning. the ztf light curve of the tidal disruption event (tde) samples the rise-to-peak exceptionally well, with 50 days of g- and r-band detections before the... | the first tidal disruption flare in ztf: from photometric selection to multi-wavelength characterization |
we present predictions for the gravitational wave (gw) emission of 3d supernova simulations performed for a 15 solar-mass progenitor with the prometheus-vertex code using energy-dependent, three-flavour neutrino transport. the progenitor adopted from stellar evolution calculations including magnetic fields had a fairly... | gravitational waves from 3d core-collapse supernova models: the impact of moderate progenitor rotation |
the wind driven by the intense neutrino emission from a protoneutron star (pns) is an important site for producing nuclei heavier than the fe group. because of certain features in the neutrino angular distributions, the so-called fast flavor oscillations may occur very close to the pns surface, effectively resetting th... | potential impact of fast flavor oscillations on neutrino-driven winds and their nucleosynthesis |
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