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an x-ray pulsar (xrp) is a highly-magnetized neutron star (ns) that rotates while emitting beams of x-ray radiation produced primarily in the vicinity of its magnetic poles. if these beams happen to cross our line of sight and the ns’s spin and magnetic axes are not aligned, then our telescopes detect it as a periodica... | characterizing the smc x-ray pulsars with polestar |
the cherenkov telescope array (cta) is an initiative to build the next generation, ground-based gamma-ray observatories. we present a prototype workspace developed at inaf that aims at providing innovative solutions for the cta community. the workspace leverages open source technologies providing web access to a set of... | an innovative workspace for the cherenkov telescope array |
stability and photometric accuracy of silicon imaging detectors are essential for the habitable worlds observatory and a range of nasa missions that will explore time domain astrophysics and astronomy over a spectral range spanning soft x-rays through the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared. detector stability is o... | stability and photometric accuracy of cmos image sensors in space: radiation damage, surface charge and quantum confinement in silicon detectors |
sofia, the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy, is gone, terminated prematurely by nasa/dlr at its peak of producing science, following an unfair recommendation by the decadal review astro2020. after 2013, when the herschel space observatory stopped observing, sofia was the only far-infrared observatory in... | the future of far-infrared astronomy beyond sofia |
as of 2021, the monitoring of jets in agn with vlba experiments (mojave) data archive consists of nearly ten thousand 15ghz (2cm) vlba observations of over 500 agn dating back to 1994, obtained as part of the 2cm vlba survey (kellermann+ 1998aj....115.1295k), the national radio astronomy observatory (nrao) archive, and... | vizier online data catalog: mojave. xviii. bright radio-loud active agns (lister+, 2021) |
the cherenkov telescope array (cta) is the future ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very high energies. the atmosphere is an integral part of every cherenkov telescope. different atmospheric conditions, such as clouds, can reduce the fraction of cherenkov photons produced in air showers that reach gro... | performance of the cherenkov telescope array in the presence of clouds |
the inclination angle χ between the magnetic and rotation axes of pulsars is an important parameter in pulsar physics. the changes in the inclination angle of a pulsar would lead to observable effects, such as changes in the pulse beam width and braking index of the star. in this paper, we perform a short review on the... | a short review on the pulsar magnetic inclination angles |
the taiga experimental complex is a hybrid observatory for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy in the range from 10 tev to several eev. the complex consists of such installations as taiga- iact, taiga-hiscore and a number of others. the taiga-hiscore facility is a set of wide-angle synchronized stations that detect cherenk... | application of convolutional neural networks for data analysis in taiga-hiscore experiment |
protoexist2 (p2) was a prototype imaging x-ray detector plane developed for wide-field time-domain astrophysics (tda) in the 5 to 200 kev energy band. it was composed of an 8 × 8 array of 5 mm thick, 2 cm × 2 cm pixelated (32 × 32) cdznte (czt) detectors with a 0.6-mm pitch that utilize the nustar asic (nuasic) for rea... | imaging effects due to pixel distortions in cdznte detectors—results from the hrexi calibration facility |
we highlight here several solutions developed to make high-level cherenkov data fair: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. the first three fair principles may be ensured by properly indexing the data and using community standards, protocols and services, for example provided by the international virtual ob... | fair high level data for cherenkov astronomy |
the cherenkov telescope array (cta) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. an innovative 9.7 m aperture, dual-mirror schwarzschild-couder telescope (sct) design is a candidate design for cta medium-sized telescopes. a prototype sct (psct) has been constructed at the fr... | design and performance of the prototype schwarzschild-couder telescope camera |
following the detection of grb 220427a by swift and its x-ray counterpart (d'ai et al., gcn 31960), the 0.6m meerlicht telescope, located at sutherland, south africa obtained a repeating series of 60 s images in the q,u,q,g,q,r,q,i,q,z bands. observations began at 2022-04-27, 23:41:48 ut, 2 hours 41 minutes after the s... | grb 220427a: meerlicht afterglow observations |
we present the results of our search for massive galaxy clusters among extended x-ray sources from the srg/erosita survey using data from the planck survey and data from optical and infrared sky surveys. optical observations of these clusters are carried out with the 6-m telescope at the special astrophysical observato... | observations of massive galaxy clusters from the all-sky survey with the erosita telescope onboard the srg space observatory |
synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons is usually invoked as responsible for the nonthermal emission observed in supernova remnants. diffusive shock acceleration is the most popular mechanism to explain the process of particles acceleration and within its framework a crucial role is played by the turbulent m... | jitter radiation as an alternative mechanism for the nonthermal x-ray emission of cassiopeia a |
we observed the localization region of the short grb 231012a (trigger 718781545, gcn 34813) detected by the gamma-ray burst monitor (gbm) on the fermi satellite with the palomar 48 inch telescope equipped with the 47 square degree zwicky transient facility (ztf) camera. we obtained a series of g- and r-band images cove... | grb 231012a: zwicky transient facility follow-up of a fermi short grb (trigger 705709044) |
a wide range of data formats and proprietary software have traditionally been used in gamma-ray astronomy, usually developed for a single specific mission or experiment. however, in recent years there has been an increasing effort towards making astronomical data open and easily accessible. within the gamma-ray communi... | standardized formats for gamma-ray analysis applied to hawc observatory data |
rejecting cosmic rays (crs) is essential for the scientific interpretation of ccd-captured data, but detecting crs in single-exposure images has remained challenging. conventional cr detectors require experimental parameter tuning for different instruments, and recent deep-learning methods only produce instrument-speci... | cosmic-conn: a cosmic-ray detection deep-learning framework, data set, and toolkit |
the north polar spur (nps) is a giant structure that is clearly visible in both radio and x-ray all-sky maps. we analyzed broadband radio observations covering a range between 22 mhz and 70 ghz to systematically analyze the thermal/nonthermal emissions associated with the nps. we demonstrate that the radio emission of ... | broadband radio study of the north polar spur: origin of the spectral turnover with insights into the x-ray and gamma-ray spectra |
the x-ray multi-mirror mission (xmm-newton) provides simultaneous non-dispersive spectroscopic x-ray imaging and timing, medium resolution dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and optical/uv imaging, spectroscopy and timing. in combination, the imaging cameras offer an effective area over the energy range from 150 ev to 12 ke... | xmm-newton |
far-ultraviolet (fuv) emission lines from dwarf stars are important driving sources of photochemistry in planetary atmospheres. properly interpreting spectral features of planetary atmospheres critically depends on the emission of its host star. while the spectral energy distributions (seds) of k- and m-type stars have... | the radiation environments of middle-aged f-type stars |
following the fermi/lat detection and localisation of grb 220627a (di lalla et al., gcn 32283), also proposed to be a lensed or ultra-long grb candidate by fermi/gbm (roberts et al., gcn 32288), the 0.6 m wide-field meerlicht optical telescope obtained 2x300s observations in the q-band of two fields encompassing the la... | grb 220627a: meerlicht candidate optical afterglow |
we present a convenient tool (chases) which allows to search for extended structures in chandra x-ray observatory advanced ccd imaging spectrometer images. the tool relies on dbscan clustering algorithm to detect regions with overdensity of photons compared to the background. here we describe the design and functionali... | search for extended sources in the images from chandra x-ray observatory advanced ccd imaging spectrometer |
we describe a method by which the metrology system of the nuclear spectroscopic telescope array (nustar) x-ray space observatory, which uses two lasers to characterize the relative motion of the optics and focal plane benches, can be approximated should one laser fail. the two benches are separated by a 10-m-long rigid... | reconstruction of the nustar point spread function using single-laser metrology |
nasa's chandra x-ray observatory has successfully operated for over 20 years with fruitful scientific results in the field of high energy astrophysics. chandra revolutionized the x-ray astronomy as being the first, and so far the only, x-ray telescope achieving sub-arcsecond spacial resolution. in december 2019, the ch... | study the x-ray point sources in the galactic plane discovered by chandra |
we present our preliminary results of searching for short-term variations of four long-period comets c/2016 m1 (panstarrs), c/2015 o1 (panstarrs), c/2014 w2 (panstarrs), c/2016 n4 (master), and a hyperbolic comet c/2021 a1 (leonard). all the comets reveal red color of their dust coma with slight variations, i.e., witho... | search for short-term color variations of five distant comets |
we observed the field of the candidate gamma-ray burst grb 221009a (swift j1913.1+1946; atel #15650, atel #15651) with the arcminute microkelvin imager large-array (ami-la) at 15.5 ghz beginning at ut 16:25:25.5 on 09-oct-2022 (approximately 2 hours 15 minutes after the initial bat trigger reported in atel #15650) for ... | grb 221009a/swift j1913.1+1946: ami-la observations |
active galactic nuclei (agn) are some of the most luminous sources in our known universe, powered by large-scale accretion onto a supermassive black hole. supermassive black holes are known to co-evolve with their host galaxies, with agn playing an important role in regulating feedback in galaxies by depositing large a... | probing the corona in active galactic nuclei using broadband x-ray spectroscopy |
my thesis work has consisted of investigations of several x-ray binaries using the nuclear spectroscopic telescope array (nustar), as well as characterization of nustar-like hybrid x-ray detectors for the purpose of future hard x-ray observatories. i present analyses of three x-ray binaries in particular, probing diffe... | exploring the mass accretion rates of neutron star x-ray binaries and the properties of cadmium zinc telluride for hard x-ray astronomy |
we present a collection of classified x-ray sources in globular clusters (gcs) observed by the chandra x-ray observatory, including active binaries, cataclysmic variables, millisecond pulsars, and low-mass x-ray binaries. we cross-match the most accurate published positions from multiwavelength observations of these so... | dataset of classified chandra sources in globular clusters |
we observed the field of the gamma-ray burst grb 230812b (gcn 34286) with the arcminute microkelvin imager large-array (ami-la) at 15.5 ghz beginning at ut 18:13:51.9 on 14-aug-2023 for a total of 4 hours. the flux standard 3c286 was used to calibrate the bandpass response and flux scale of the ami-la and j1658+4737 wa... | grb 230812b: ami-la radio detection of afterglow candidate |
v1298 tau is a young pre-main-sequence star hosting four known exoplanets that are prime targets for transmission spectroscopy with current-generation instruments. this work pieces together observations from the nicer x-ray telescope, the space telescope imaging spectrograph and cosmic origins spectrograph instruments ... | the high-energy spectrum of the young planet host v1298 tau |
tremendous information is hidden in the light curve of a gamma-ray burst (grb). based on compton gamma ray observatory/burst and transient source experiment (batse) data, hakkila found a majority of grbs can be characterized by a smooth, single-peaked component superposed with a temporally symmetrical residual structur... | the temporal symmetrical and translational structure in gamma-ray burst light curves |
the digital processing design for lwa352 includes use of snap2 fpga boards [1] for the initial processing stage, including the f engine and cosmic ray detection. calculations and benchmarking show [2] that the xilinx ultrascale xcku115flvf1924 fpga on the snap2 board has sufficient processing and i/o capacity to handle... | fmc daughter board stacking on snap2: signal integrity tests for lwa352 digitizers |
a major goal of proposed future space observatories, such as the habitable world observatory, is to directly image and characterize earth-like planets around sun-like stars to search for habitability signatures requiring the starlight suppression (contrast) of 1e-10. one of the significant aspects affecting this contra... | estimation of polarization aberrations and their effect on the coronagraphic performance for future space telescopes |
astrophysical transients with rapid developments on subhour timescales are intrinsically rare. due to their short durations, events like stellar superflares, optical flashes from gamma-ray bursts, and shock breakouts from young supernovae are difficult to identify on timescales that enable spectroscopic follow-up. this... | the evryscope fast transient engine: real-time detection for rapidly evolving transients |
integrated optical models allow for accurate prediction of the as-built performance of an optical instrument. optical models are typically composed of a separate ray trace and diffraction model to capture both the geometrical and physical regimes of light. these models are typically separated across both open-source an... | poke: an open-source ray-based physical optics platform |
m57 is one of the most observed and popular planetary nebulae. recently, the james webb space telescope photographed it, capturing fascinating images (nasa, 2023). as is the case with other well-known and popular objects, there are other nearby astronomical objects of interest that can sometimes go unnoticed. very clos... | preliminary characterization of an active spiral galaxy near m57 |
we report on observations with the gravitational-wave optical transient observer (goto; steeghs et al. 2022) in response to grb 230812b (page et al. gcn 34394, scotton et al. gcn 34392, lesage et al. gcn 34391). we covered the field of the x-ray (swift, page et al. gcn 34394) and optical (kait zheng et al. gcn 34395, m... | goto confirmation and possible host galaxy of grb230812b optical afterglow |
for diffraction-limited optical systems, an accurate physical optics model is necessary to properly evaluate instrument performance. astronomical observatories outfitted with coronagraphs for direct exoplanet imaging require physical optics models to simulate the effects of misalignment and diffraction. accurate knowle... | hybrid propagation physics for the design and modeling of astronomical observatories: a coronagraphic example |
astronomy plays a major role in the scientific landscape of namibia. because of its excellent sky conditions, namibia is home to ground-based observatories like the high energy spectroscopic system (h.e.s.s.), in operation since 2002. located near the gamsberg mountain, h.e.s.s. performs groundbreaking science by detec... | astronomy outreach in namibia: h.e.s.s. and beyond |
gamma-ray emission in the mev-gev range from explosive cosmic events is of invaluable relevance to understanding physical processes related to the formation of neutron stars and black holes. here we report on the detection by the agile satellite in the mev-gev energy range of the remarkable long-duration gamma-ray burs... | agile gamma-ray detection of the exceptional grb 221009a |
high energy astrophysicist researcher leisa k. townsley, a resident of glade park, co, left our community on monday, august 8, 2022, after a battle with cancer. she was 57 years old. born in oklahoma, this self-described "child of the space age" recalled clipping out newspaper stories about the viking and voyager missi... | leisa kay townsley (1964-2022) |
beatrix (beam expander testing x-ray facility) is the new facility available at the inaf-osservatorio astronomico brera (merate, italy) for the calibration of x-ray optics. specifically designed to measure the point spread function (psf) and the effective area (ea) of the mirror modules (mm) of the athena x-ray telesco... | beatrix, the new facility to measure the modular x-ray optics of the athena telescope with an expanded and parallel x-ray beam |
the first detection and deep follow-up of a galactic fast radio burst (frb) phenomenon were reported in three papers published in the journal nature in november 2020. interestingly, this frb is accompanied by an x-ray burst. the observations from multiple space and ground-based telescopes were combined to accomplish th... | a commentary of "consistency radio bursts in the milky way" in 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in nature |
the astri mini-array is a project for the cherenkov astronomy in the tev energy range. astri mini- array consists of nine imaging atmospheric cherenkov telescopes located at the teide observatory (canarias islands). large volumes of monitoring and logging data result from the operation of a large-scale astrophysical ob... | the monitoring, logging, and alarm system of the astri mini-array gamma-ray air-cherenkov experiment at the observatorio del teide |
we will introduce the construction and design of a new simultaneous three-channel multicolor ccd photometer. this photometer has been mounted on the 1.2 m telescope at jilin astronomical observatory, and is applied to study space debris, gamma-ray burst afterglows, asteroids and other rapidly variable objects. as one o... | the simultaneous three-channel multicolor ccd photometric system of the 1.2 m telescope at jilin astronomical observatory |
we report on the first ~two years of operation of the nuttela-tao (nazarbayev university transient telescope at assy-turgen astrophysical observatory). the instrument system is designed to respond autonomously, within seconds, to astronomical transient localization alerts, with simultaneous high-time resolution measure... | performance of the nuttela-tao instrument system after two years of operation |
we continued a second night of monitoring the localization region of the short grb200826a (fermi trigger 620108997; gcn 28284, 28287) with the zwicky transient facility (first night summary in sagues carracedo et al. gcn 28293). each exposure was 600s, reaching a g-band median depth of 22.3 mag and r-band median depth ... | grb200826a: zwicky transient facility identifies optical afterglow candidate of a fermi short grb (trigger 620108997) |
in this work, by making use of the large software and database resources made available through online facilities such as the asi science data center (asdc), we present a novel approach to the modelling of blazar emission whereby the multi-epoch sed for mkn 421 is modelled considering, in a self-consistent way, the tem... | long-term multi-band and polarimetric view of mkn 421: motivations for an integrated open-data platform for blazar optical polarimetry |
with the advent of gravitational-wave astronomy it has now been possible to constrain modified theories of gravity that were invoked to explain the dark energy. in a class of dilaton models, distances to cosmic sources inferred from electromagnetic and gravitational wave observations would differ due to the presence of... | constraining einstein-dilaton models using joint gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations |
titanium isotopic compositions (mass-dependent fractionation and isotopic anomalies) were measured in 46 calcium-, aluminum-rich inclusions (cais) from the allende cv chondrite. after internal normalization to 49ti/47ti, we found that ɛ50ti values are somewhat variable among cais, and that ɛ46ti is highly correlated wi... | titanium isotopes and rare earth patterns in cais: evidence for thermal processing and gas-dust decoupling in the protoplanetary disk |
we have performed the first direct measurement of two resonances of the 7be (α ,γ )11c reaction with unknown strengths using an intense radioactive 7be beam and the dragon recoil separator. we report on the first measurement of the 1155 and 1110 kev resonance strengths of 1.73 ±0.25 (stat )±0.40 (syst ) ev and 125-25+2... | direct measurement of resonances in 7be (α ,γ )11c relevant to ν p -process nucleosynthesis |
we searched for the presence of <mml:mmultiscripts>al 26 </mml:mmultiscripts> in deep-sea sediments as a signature of supernova influx. our data show an exponential dependence of <mml:mmultiscripts>al 26 </mml:mmultiscripts> with the sample age that is fully compatible with radioactive decay of ... | limits on supernova-associated <mml:mmultiscripts>fe 60 </mml:mmultiscripts>/<mml:mmultiscripts>al 26 </mml:mmultiscripts> nucleosynthesis ratios from accelerator mass spectrometry measurements of deep-sea sediments |
the 12c (α ,γ )16o reaction is one of the most crucial reactions in nuclear astrophysics. the e 2 external capture to the 16o ground state (gs) has not been emphasized in previous analyses but may make a significant contribution to the 12c (α ,γ )16o cross section depending on the value of the gs asymptotic normalizati... | constraining the external capture to the 16o ground state and the e 2 s factor of the 12c (α ,γ )16o reaction |
in recent years, shell model studies have significantly contributed in improving the nuclear input, required in simulations of the dynamics of astrophysical objects and their associated nucleosynthesis. this review highlights a few examples such as electron capture rates and neutrino-nucleus cross sections, important f... | shell model applications in nuclear astrophysics |
a complete characterization of the structure of nuclei can be obtained by combining information arising from inelastic scattering, coulomb excitation, and γ -decay, together with one- and two-particle transfer reactions. in this way it is possible to probe both the single-particle and collective components of the nucle... | interweaving of elementary modes of excitation in superfluid nuclei through particle-vibration coupling: quantitative account of the variety of nuclear structure observables |
we study the character of the first excited 1 /2+ state of 9be, which is observed as a low-lying sharp peak in the cross section of 9be(γ ,n ) 2 4he just above the 8be+n threshold. using the α +α +n three-body model, we describe the ground and excited unbound states of 9be above the α +α +n threshold. applying the comp... | virtual-state character of the 9be1 /2+ state in the 9be(γ ,n )8be reaction |
the properties of the broad-lined type ic supernova (sn) 2013dx, associated with the long gamma-ray burst grb 130702a at a redshift z = 0.145, are derived via spectral modelling. sn 2013dx was similar in luminosity to other grb/sne, with a derived value of the mass of 56ni ejected in the explosion of ≈0.4 m⊙. however, ... | modelling of sn 2013dx associated with the low-redshift grb130702a points to diversity in grb/sn properties |
the 22ne(p ,γ )23na reaction is included in the neon-sodium cycle of hydrogen burning. a number of narrow resonances in the gamow window dominate the thermonuclear reaction rate. several resonance strengths are only poorly known. as a result, the 22ne(p ,γ )23na thermonuclear reaction rate is the most uncertain rate of... | strengths of the resonances at 436, 479, 639, 661, and 1279 kev in the 22ne(p ,γ ) 23na reaction |
the thermonuclear explosion of a chandrasekhar mass white dwarf is an important class of supernovae which can attribute to various subclasses of type ia supernovae and accretion induced collapse. type ia supernovae are not only essential as their roles of standard candle in the discovery of dark energy, but also robust... | thermonuclear explosions of chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs |
background: the nucleosynthesis of the neutron-deficient p nuclei remains an open question in nuclear astrophysics. beside uncertainties on the astrophysical side, the nuclear-physics input parameters entering hauser-feshbach calculations for the nucleosynthesis of the p nuclei must be put on a firm basis. purpose: an ... | total and partial cross sections of the 112sn(α ,γ ) 116te reaction measured via in-beam γ -ray spectroscopy |
in this paper, we report the relative supernovae (sne) contribution to the metal budget of the intracluster medium (icm) of the abell 1837 galaxy cluster at redshift z = 0.069. for this purpose, we analysed the hot icm of the cluster and obtained radial metal distributions using xmm-newton archival data with a total ex... | the relative supernovae contribution to the chemical enrichment history of abell 1837 |
although there is limited direct evidence for supernova input into the nascent solar system, many models suggest it formed by the gravitational collapse of a molecular cloud that was triggered by a nearby supernova. existing lines of evidence, mostly in the form of short-lived radionuclides present in the early solar s... | a renewed search for short-lived 126sn in the early solar system: hydride generation mc-icpms for high sensitivity te isotopic analysis |
a possible mechanism to explain the origin of the light p nuclei in the galaxy is the nucleosynthesis in the proton-rich neutrino-driven wind ejecta of core-collapse supernovas via the ν p process. however, this production scenario is very sensitive to the underlying supernova dynamics and the nuclear physics input. as... | first inverse kinematics measurement of resonances in 7be(α ,γ )11c relevant to neutrino-driven wind nucleosynthesis using dragon |
type ia supernovae (sne ia) are important cosmological probes and contributors to galactic nucleosynthesis, particularly of the iron group elements. to improve both their reliability as cosmological probes and to understand galactic chemical evolution, it is vital to understand the binary progenitor system and explosio... | direct analysis of the broad-line sn 2019ein: connection with the core-normal sn 2011fe |
background: astrophysical reaction rates, which are mostly derived from theoretical cross sections, are necessary input to nuclear reaction network simulations for studying the origin of p nuclei. past experiments have found a considerable difference between theoretical and experimental cross sections in some cases, es... | test of statistical model cross section calculations for α -induced reactions on 107ag at energies of astrophysical interest |
background: the 14o(α ,p ) 17f reaction plays an important role as the trigger reaction for the x-ray burst. purpose: the direct measurement of 14o(α ,p ) 17f was made for studying the resonant states in 18ne and determining the reaction rate of 14o(α ,p ) 17f at astrophysical temperatures. methods: the differential cr... | measurement of the 14o(α ,p ) 17f cross section at ec .m .≈2.1 -5.3 mev |
the abundance distribution in the ejecta of the peculiar slowly declining type ia supernova (sn ia) sn 1999aa is obtained by modelling a time series of optical spectra. similar to sn 1991t, sn 1999aa was characterized by early-time spectra dominated by fe iii features and a weak si ii 6355 å line, but it exhibited a hi... | abundance stratification in type ia supernovae - vi. the peculiar slow decliner sn 1999aa |
we suggest tidal double detonation as a new mechanism for the thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf (wd) induced by a tidal disruption event (tde). tidal detonation is also a wd explosion induced by a tde. in this case, helium (he) and carbon-oxygen (co) detonation waves incinerate he wds and co wds, respectively. o... | tidal double detonation: a new mechanism for the thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf induced by a tidal disruption event |
one of the greatest questions for modern physics to address is how elements heavier than iron are created in extreme astrophysical environments. a particularly challenging part of that question is the creation of the so-called p -nuclei, which are believed to be mainly produced in some types of supernovae. the lack of ... | completing the nuclear reaction puzzle of the nucleosynthesis of 92mo |
the total cross sections for the 152gd(p ,γ )153tb and 152gd(p ,n) 152tb reactions have been measured by the activation method at effective center-of-mass energies 3.47 ≤ec.m .eff≤7.94 mev and 4.96 ≤ec.m .eff≤7.94 mev, respectively. the targets were prepared by evaporation of 30.6% isotopically enriched 152gd oxide on ... | measurements of 152gd(p ,γ )153tb and 152gd(p ,n )152tb reaction cross sections for the astrophysical γ process |
background: in the current understanding, the rapid neutron capture process in explosive scenarios primarily produces heavy elements. though the precise astronomical sites are under consideration, it has been proposed that in explosive environments such as core-collapse supernovae, light and medium-mass neutron-rich nu... | structure effects of exotic nuclei in the a ≈30 mass region relevant for determining abundance patterns in explosive nucleosynthesis |
sulphur isotopic ratio measurements may help to establish the astrophysical sites in which certain presolar grains were formed. nova model predictions of the 34s/32s ratio are, however, unreliable due to the lack of an experimental 34s(p ,γ )35cl reaction rate. to this end, we have measured the 34s(3he,d )35cl reaction... | first measurement of the 34s(p ,γ )35cl reaction rate through indirect methods for presolar nova grains |
we propose nuclear experiments using γ-ray pulses provided from high field plasma generated by high peak power laser. these γ-ray pulses have the excellent features of extremely short pulse, high intensity, and continuous energy distribution. these features are suitable for the study of explosive nucleosyntheses in nov... | explosive nucleosynthesis study using laser driven γ-ray pulses |
the evolution of neutrino flavor in dense environments such as core-collapse supernovae and binary compact object mergers constitutes an important and unsolved problem. its solution has potential implications for the dynamics and heavy-element nucleosynthesis in these environments. in this paper, we build upon recent w... | inference of neutrino flavor evolution through data assimilation and neural differential equations |
we report the carbon, silicon, iron, and nickel isotope compositions of twenty-five presolar sic grains of mostly supernova (sn) origin. the iron and nickel isotope compositions were measured with the new chicago instrument for laser ionization, chili, which allows the analysis of all iron and nickel isotopes without t... | iron and nickel isotope compositions of presolar silicon carbide grains from supernovae |
experimental determination of the cross sections of proton capture on radioactive nuclei is extremely difficult. therefore, it is of substantial interest for the understanding of the production of the p-nuclei. for the first time, a direct measurement of proton-capture cross sections on stored, radioactive ions became ... | proton capture on stored radioactive 118te ions |
the niobium-92-zirconium-92 (92nb-92zr) decay system with a half-life of 37 ma has great potential to date the evolution of planetary materials in the early solar system. moreover, the initial abundance of the p-process isotope 92nb in the solar system is important for quantifying the contribution of p-process nucleosy... | precise initial abundance of niobium-92 in the solar system and implications for p-process nucleosynthesis |
the initial metallicity of type ia supernovae (sne ia) progenitor that is increasing with the cosmological chemical evolution will directly lead to a decrease of the 56ni formed during the nucleosynthesis and then a varying standard candle. the variation may seriously affect our understanding of the evolving universe. ... | effect of cosmic mean metallicity on the supernovae cosmology |
the microscopic study of nuclear giant resonances has been a passion of pier francesco bortignon. these resonances play important roles in various astrophysical scenarios. this article summarizes how the improved description of giant resonances has helped to deepen our understanding of the dynamics of core-collapse and... | the role of giant resonances in nuclear astrophysics: an overview |
the first direct mass measurement of the neutron-deficient nucleus 24al was performed via penning-trap mass spectrometry (ptms) using triumf's ion trap for atomic and nuclear science (titan). this measurement was facilitated by the use of triumf's new ion-guide laser ion source (ig-lis), which reduced a =24 isobaric co... | first direct mass measurement of the neutron-deficient nucleus 24al |
i have used a simple potential model to calculate single-particle widths in 27p. assuming mirror symmetry, i have combined them with the spectroscopic factor from the reaction 26mg(d ,p ) to compute proton widths for the 3 /2+ first-excited state. i present results for the resonance strength parameter ω γ and for the (... | width of 27p(1.19 mev ) and the 26si(p ,γ ) reaction rate |
cassiopeia a, one of the most intriguing galactic supernova remnants, has been a target of many observational efforts including most recent observations by atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma), hubble, herschel, spitzer, nustar, integral, and other observatories. we use recent gamma-ray lines observation... | titanium hidden in dust |
we investigate the fraction of metal nuclei in the relativistic jets of gamma-ray bursts associated with core-collapse supernovae. we simulate the fallback in jet-induced explosions with two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamics calculations and the jet acceleration with steady, radial, relativistic magnetohydrodynami... | nuclear composition of magnetized gamma-ray burst jets |
the reaction 96zr(α ,n )99mo plays an important role in ν -driven wind nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae and is a possible avenue for medical isotope production. cross-section measurements were performed using the activation technique at the edwards accelerator laboratory. results were analyzed along with wor... | measurements of the 96zr(α ,n )99mo cross section for astrophysics and applications |
we present general equations for non-ideal, reactive flow magnetohydrodynamics (rfmhd) in the form best suited for describing thermonuclear combustion in high-density degenerate matter of sne ia. the relative importance of various non-ideal effects is analyzed as a function of characteristic spatial and temporal scales... | the internal structure and propagation of magnetohydrodynamical thermonuclear flames |
the heavy‑ion storage ring cryring@esr has recently been installed and commissioned at gsi as one of the first installations of the upcoming facility for antiproton and ion research (fair). it is designed to store highly charged ions in the energy range between 300 kev/u and about 10 mev/u. it will incorporate a gas‑je... | opportunities for measurements of astrophysical‑relevant alpha‑capture reaction rates at cryring@esr |
we present our observations and the results of our analysis of the nebular spectra for two nearby type ia supernovae (sn 2014j and sn 2011fe). for the overall picture, we have analyzed the nebular spectra of four other type ia supernovae. all of the investigated supernovae show evidence of a significant shift in the [c... | type ia supernovae 2014j and 2011fe at the nebular phase |
we analyze the sensitivity of β -decay rates in 78ni and sn,132100 to a correction term in skyrme energy-density functionals (edfs) which modifies the radial shape of the nucleon effective mass. this correction is added on top of several skyrme parametrizations which are selected from their effective mass properties an... | sensitivity of β -decay rates to the radial dependence of the nucleon effective mass |
the observed features of typical type ia supernovae are well-modeled as the explosions of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs both near chandrasekhar mass and sub-chandrasekhar mass. however, observations in the last decade have shown that type ia supernovae exhibit a wide diversity, which implies models for wider range of para... | nucleosynthesis of iron-peak elements in type-ia supernovae |
in this contribution, we explain how well we can represent nucleosynthesis of core collapse supernovae in spherically symmetric models, as well as the limitations of the models. we stress the importance of the overproduction problem of iron in considering a galactic chemical evolution and explain an answer we have reac... | nucleosynthesis in spherical explosion models of core-collapse supernovae |
assuming the universality of weak interactions, we have studied the weak processes such as β-decay and electron capture using the nuclear gross theory of beta decay (gtbd). we evaluate the β± and electron capture decay rates and the neutrino-nucleus cross sections as a function of the energy of the incident neutrino, f... | systematic calculation of neutrino-nucleus cross section available for astrophysical applications |
neutrino reactions on nuclei play important roles for the dynamics of supernovae and their associated nucleosynthesis. this manuscript summarizes the current status in deriving the relevant cross sections for supernova neutrinos and briefly discusses a few recent advances in supernova simulations where these reactions ... | neutrino-nucleus reactions and their role in supernova dynamics and nucleosynthesis |
neutrino reactions on nuclei play important roles for the dynamics of supernovae and their associated nucleosynthesis. this manuscript summarizes the current status in deriving the relevant cross sections for supernova neutrinos and discusses the importance of neutrino-nucleus reactions for supernova nucleosynthesis. i... | neutrino-nucleus reactions and their role in supernova nucleosynthesis |
we present the status and open problems of the astrophysical sites responsible for the nucleosynthesis of fe-group and heavier elements (with the exception of the s-process). this involves type ia supernovae with the requirement to have a low ye-component (for the explanation of 55mn), the role of the core collapse sup... | nucleosynthesis in supernovae, hypernovae/gamma-ray bursts and compact binary mergers |
kepler is a general purpose stellar evolution/explosion code that incorporates implicit hydrodynamics and a detailed treatment of nuclear burning processes. it has been used to study the complete evolution of massive and supermassive stars, all major classes of supernovae, hydrostatic and explosive nucleosynthesis, and... | kepler: general purpose 1d multizone hydrodynamics code |
interstellar dust is a significant component of matter in the galaxies. the dust owns its origin and reprocessing in a wide range of astrophysical environments. in order to understand the origin and evolution of the distinct types of interstellar dust grains, we have attempted a comprehensive correlated study of the th... | origin and evolution of the galactic inventories of interstellar dust and its composition |
variations of fundamental physical constants have been sought for many years using various astronomical objects because their discovery can be key to developing beyond-standard physics. in particular, nuclear reaction rates are sensitive to fundamental constants, so nucleosynthetic processes can be used as a probe. we ... | probing time-dependent fundamental constants with nucleosynthesis in population iii stars |
even though type ia supernovae (sne ia) are widely used in cosmology, the debate about their progenitors remains unsettled. many viable progenitors and explosion mechanisms have been proposed so far. nucleosynthetic yields of neutron-rich iron group elements are the fingerprints of the explosion mechanism. significant ... | constraints on the explosion mechanisms of sne ia from optical and nir nebular phase spectroscopy |
this paper shows that the collision of the ejecta of an exploding neutron star (the quark-nova or qn) with the preceding type ii supernova (snii) ejecta synthesizes p-nuclei, r-process-like and s-process-like isotopes. the qn ejecta, rich in a > 130 r-process isotopes, spallates against the 56ni nuclei in the inner ... | p-nuclei and other secondary isotopes from heavy-ion spallation in quark-novae |
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