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applications of wide field lobster eye x ray telescopes are presented and discussed. the wide field x ray optics was originally proposed for use in x-ray astronomy, but there are numerous other application areas as well. | applications of lobster eye optics |
microresonator kerr frequency combs are coherent light sources that emit broadband spectrum of evenly spaced narrow lines in an optical microresonator, which provide breakthroughs in many technological areas, such as spectroscopy, metrology, optical telecommunications, and molecular sensing. the development of mid-infr... | mid-infrared ultra-broadband optical kerr frequency comb based on a cdte ring microresonator: a theoretical investigation |
one of the major limitations of using adaptive optics (ao) to correct image post-processing is the lack of knowledge about the system's point spread function (psf). the psf is not always available as direct imaging on isolated point-like objects, such as stars. the use of ao telemetry to predict the psf also suffers fr... | blind deconvolution in astronomy with adaptive optics: the parametric marginal approach |
the sensitivity of the gravitational-wave detector kagra, presently under construction, will be limited by quantum noise in a large fraction of its spectrum. the most promising technique to increase the detector sensitivity is the injection of squeezed states of light, where the squeezing angle is dynamically rotated b... | estimation of losses in a 300 m filter cavity and quantum noise reduction in the kagra gravitational-wave detector |
aims: the shaping mechanisms of old nova remnants are probes for several important and unexplained processes, such as dust formation and the structure of evolved star nebulae. to gain a more complete understanding of the dynamics of the gk per (1901) remnant, an examination of symmetry of the nova shell is explored, fo... | modelling the structure and kinematics of the firework nebula: the nature of the gk persei nova shell and its jet-like feature |
we present observations and initial analysis from a hubble space telescope (hst) cycle 19 program using stis to obtain the first co-spatial, uv-optical spectra of 10 galactic planetary nebulae (pns). our primary objective was to measure the critical emission lines of carbon and nitrogen with unprecedented signal-to-noi... | co-spatial long-slit uv/optical al spectra of 10 galactic planetary nebulae with hst/stis. i. description of the observations, global emission-line measurements, and cno abundances |
one of the last remaining frontiers in optical/near-infrared observational astronomy is the low surface brightness regime (lsb, v-band surface brightness, $\mu_v>$ 27 ab mag/arcsec$^2$). these are the structures at very low stellar surface densities, largely unseen by even current wide-field surveys such as the lega... | optimizing roman's high latitude wide area survey for low surface brightness astronomy |
binary active galactic nuclei (agns) provide clues to how gas-rich mergers trigger and fuel agns and how supermassive black hole (smbh) pairs evolve in a gas-rich environment. while significant effort has been invested in their identification, the detailed properties of binary agns and their host galaxies are still poo... | chandra x-ray and hubble space telescope imaging of optically selected kiloparsec-scale binary active galactic nuclei. ii. host galaxy morphology and agn activity |
the quantum efficiency and reflectivity of thick, back-illuminated ccd's being fabricated at the lawrence berkeley national laboratory for astronomical applications are modeled and compared with experiments. the treatment differs from standard thin-film optics in that (a) absorption is permitted in any film, (b) the 20... | quantum efficiency modeling for a thick back-illuminated astronomical ccd |
i report on validation and testing of a novel 3d reconstruction method than can obtain coronal plasma properties from a single snapshot perspective. i first reported on the method in 2021, and i have since named it the coronal reconstruction onto b-aligned regions (crobar) method. the testing and validation are carried... | validation and testing of the crobar 3d coronal reconstruction method with a muram simulation |
context. polarimetry is a very powerful tool for uncovering various properties of astronomical objects that otherwise remain hidden in standard imaging or spectroscopic observations. while common observations only measure the intensity of light, polarimetric measurements allow us to distinguish and measure the two perp... | tips and tricks in linear imaging polarimetry of extended sources with fors2 at the vlt |
aiming to extend the census of rr lyrae stars to highly reddened low-latitude regions of the central milky way, we performed a deep near-ir variability search using data from the vista variables in the vía láctea (vvv) survey of the bulge, analyzing the photometric time series of over a hundred million point sources. i... | near-infrared search for fundamental-mode rr lyrae stars toward the inner bulge by deep learning |
after changing optical agn type from 1.9 to 1 in 1984, the agn mrk 1018 recently reverted back to its type 1.9 state. our ongoing monitoring now reveals that the agn has halted its dramatic dimming, reaching a minimum around october 2016. the minimum was followed by an outburst rising with 0.25 u-band mag/month. the re... | the close agn reference survey (cars). mrk 1018 halts dimming and experiences strong short-term variability |
the amount of observational data produced by time-domain astronomy is exponentially increasing. human inspection alone is not an effective way to identify genuine transients from the data. an automatic real-bogus classifier is needed and machine learning techniques are commonly used to achieve this goal. building a tra... | machine learning for transient recognition in difference imaging with minimum sampling effort |
context. the diffuse interstellar bands (dibs) are absorption features seen in the spectra of astronomical objects that arise in the interstellar medium. today, more than 500 dibs have been observed, mostly in the optical and near-infrared wavelengths. the origin of the dibs is unclear; only ionised buckminsterfulleren... | c60+ diffuse interstellar band correlations and environmental variations |
in ground-based astronomy, starlight distorted by the atmosphere couples poorly into single-mode waveguides but a correction by adaptive optics, even if only partial, can boost coupling into the few-mode regime allowing the use of photonic lanterns to convert into multiple single-mode beams. corrected wavefronts result... | simulations of mode-selective photonic lanterns for efficient coupling of starlight into the single-mode regime |
three tidal disruption event (tde) candidates (at2019dsg, at2019fdr, at2019aalc) have been found to be coincident with high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in multimessenger follow-ups. recent studies suggest the presence of a quasi-spherical, optically thick envelope around the supermassive black holes in tdes, resulte... | choked jets in expanding envelope as the origin of the neutrino emission associated with tidal disruption events |
catalogs with celestial positions and uncertainties are among the primary data products of observational astronomy. consequently, the (cross-)matching problem, namely, the question of how many (and which) pairs of positions pertain to the same celestial source, remains a central part of this scientific exploitation. we... | likelihood of the sky. bayesian treatment of the geometric two-catalog matching problem |
we study active galactic nucleus (agn) feedback in nearby (z < 0.35) galaxy clusters from the planck sunyaev-zeldovich sample using chandra observations. this nearly unbiased mass-selected sample includes both relaxed and disturbed clusters and may reflect the entire agn feedback cycle. we find that relaxed clusters... | x-ray cavity dynamics and their role in the gas precipitation in planck sunyaev-zeldovich (sz) selected clusters |
we present an x-ray analysis of 14 nearby (z < 0.044) active galactic nuclei (agns) in low-mass galaxies (m * ≲ 5 × 109 m ⊙) selected based on their optical variability. comparing and contrasting different agn selection techniques in low-mass galaxies is essential for obtaining an accurate estimate of the active fra... | x-ray properties of optically variable low-mass agn candidates |
we present the discovery and multiwavelength characterization of srga j181414.6-225604, a galactic hard x-ray transient discovered during the ongoing srg/art-xc sky survey. using data from the palomar gattini-ir survey, we identify a spatially and temporally coincident variable infrared (ir) source, iras 18111-2257, an... | srga j181414.6-225604: a new galactic symbiotic x-ray binary outburst triggered by an intense mass-loss episode of a heavily obscured mira variable |
a large fraction of the accreting supermassive black hole population is shrouded by copious amounts of gas and dust, particularly in the distant (z ≳ 1) universe. while much of the obscuration is attributed to a parsec-scale torus, there is a known contribution from the larger-scale host galaxy. using jwst/nircam imagi... | resolving galactic-scale obscuration of x-ray agns at z ≳ 1 with cosmos-web |
context. in the group of b stars with spectroscopic peculiarities, we can find the be and the b[e] stars. the be stars are early-type rapid rotators that present, as their principal characteristic, emission lines of hydrogen and singly ionized metals due to the presence of a gaseous envelope. the b[e] stars present in ... | intriguing detection of 12co molecular emission in a classical be star |
massive stars typically undergo short-lived post-main-sequence evolutionary phases with strong mass loss and occasional mass eruptions. many of such massive stars in transition phases have been identified based on their dusty envelopes. the ejected material often veils the stellar photospheres so that the central stars... | near-infrared characterization of four massive stars in transition phases |
herein, a simple terahertz (thz) receiver that uses subwavelength focusing of the thz beam on the detector area is proposed. as a proof of concept, a thz detection system with an original optical coupling scheme is implemented, where the signal to be detected is coupled to a thz detector through a mesoscale dielectric ... | improvement of a terahertz detector performance using the terajet effect in a mesoscale dielectric cube: proof of concept |
photometric and astrometric calibration of high-contrast images is essential for the characterization of companions at small angular separation from their stellar host. the main challenge to performing accurate relative photometry and astrometry of high-contrast companions with respect to the host star is that the cent... | precision photometric and astrometric calibration using alternating satellite speckles |
current approach demonstrates the suppression of optical side-lobes and the contraction of the main lobe in the composite image of two object points of the optical system under the influence of defocusing effect when an asymmetric phase edges are imposed over the apodized circular aperture. the resolution of two point ... | complex pupil masks for aberrated imaging of closely spaced objects |
conventional ground-based astronomical observations suffer from image distortion due to atmospheric turbulence. this can be minimized by choosing suitable geographic locations or adaptive optical techniques, and avoided altogether by using orbital platforms outside the atmosphere. one of the promises of optical intensi... | optical intensity interferometry through atmospheric turbulence |
automatic classification methods applied to sky surveys have revolutionized the astronomical target selection process. most surveys generate a vast amount of time series, or “lightcurves,” that represent the brightness variability of stellar objects in time. unfortunately, lightcurves’ observations take several years t... | uncertain classification of variable stars: handling observational gaps and noise |
since the infrared space observatory (iso) mission, it has become clear that dust in circumstellar disks and outflows consists partly of crystalline silicates of pyroxene and olivine type. an exact mineralogical analysis of the dust infrared emission spectra relies on laboratory spectra, which, however, have been mostl... | temperature-dependent infrared optical constants of olivine and enstatite |
the detection of gravitational waves has established a new and very exciting field of astronomy in the past few years. to increase the number of detections and allow observation of a wider range of sources, several future gravitational wave detectors will operate at cryogenic temperatures. recent investigations of a mi... | thermal noise from icy mirrors in gravitational wave detectors |
co2 ice is an important reservoir of carbon and oxygen in star- and planet-forming regions. together with water and co, co2 sets the physical and chemical characteristics of interstellar icy grain mantles, including desorption and diffusion energies for other ice constituents. a detailed understanding of co2 ice spectr... | co2 infrared phonon modes in interstellar ice mixtures |
the far-infrared (fir) regime is one of the few wavelength ranges where no astronomical data with sub-arcsecond spatial resolution exist yet. neither of the medium-term satellite projects like spica, millimetron or ost will resolve this malady. for many research areas, however, information at high spatial and spectral ... | infrared astronomy satellite swarm interferometry (irassi): overview and study results |
enabling efficient injection of light into single-mode fibres (smfs) is a key requirement in realizing diffraction-limited astronomical spectroscopy on ground-based telescopes. smf-fed spectrographs, facilitated by the use of adaptive optics (ao), offer distinct advantages over comparable seeing-limited designs, includ... | final design and on-sky testing of the ilocater sx acquisition camera: broad-band single-mode fibre coupling |
we present a novel remote gas detection and identification technique based on correlation spectroscopy with a piezoelectric tunable fibre-optic fabry-pérot filter. we show that the spectral correlation amplitude between the filter transmission window and gas absorption features is related to the gas absorption optical ... | fiber fabry-perot astrophotonic correlation spectroscopy for remote gas identification and radial velocity measurements |
ultraviolet and optical spectra of interstellar gas along the lines of sight to nearby stars have been interpreted by redfield & linsky and previous studies as a set of discrete warm, partially ionized clouds each with a different flow vector, temperature, and metal depletion. recently, gry & jenkins proposed a... | evaluating the morphology of the local interstellar medium: using new data to distinguish between multiple discrete clouds and a continuous medium |
telescopes mounted with polarizers can study the neutral points of the earth's atmosphere, the solar corona, the surface of planets/moons of the solar system, distant stars, galaxies, and nebulae. these examples demonstrate well that polarimetry is a useful technique to gather astronomical information from spatially ex... | celestial mechanics and polarization optics of the kordylewski dust cloud in the earth-moon lagrange point l5 - part ii. imaging polarimetric observation: new evidence for the existence of kordylewski dust cloud |
photodissociation regions (pdrs) are parts of the ism consisting of predominantly neutral gas, located at the interface between h ii regions and molecular clouds. the physical conditions within these regions show variations on very short spatial scales, and therefore pdrs constitute ideal laboratories for investigating... | evidence of dust grain evolution from extinction mapping in the ic 63 photodissociation region |
for the active t-taur star rw aur a we have performed long-term (∼10 yr) monitoring observations of (1) jet imaging in the [fe ii] 1.644 μm emission line using gemini-nifs and vlt-sinfoni; (2) optical high-resolution spectroscopy using cfht-espadons; and (3) v-band photometry using the crao 1.25-m telescope and aavso. ... | possible time correlation between jet ejection and mass accretion for rw aur a |
a wide-angle cerenkov array taiga-hiscore (fov $∼$0.6 sr), was originally created as a part of taiga installation for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics. array now consist on nearly 100 optical stations on the area of 1 km${}2$. due to high accuracy and stability ($∼$1 ns) of time synchronization of... | search for astrophysical nanosecond optical transients with taiga-hiscore array |
context. the extragalactic vision we have through the milky way is very unclear. there is significant extinction of the optical emission from objects located in the region called the zone of avoidance (zoa). nir wavelengths are less affected by extinction, and therefore the infrared surveys in this zone are a potential... | overdensity of vvv galaxies behind the galactic bulge |
on earth near sunset, the sun may cast "crepuscular rays" such that clouds near the horizon obscure the origin of light scattered in bright rays. in principle, active galactic nuclei (agn) should be able to produce similar effects. using new hubble space telescope (hst) near-infrared and optical observations, we show t... | crepuscular rays from the highly inclined active galactic nucleus in ic 5063 |
while it is generally believed that supermassive black holes (smbhs) lie in most galaxies with bulges, few smbhs have been confirmed in bulgeless galaxies. identifying such a population could provide important insights to the bh seed population and secular bh growth. to this end, we obtained near-infrared (nir) spectro... | a near-infrared look at agn feedback in bulgeless galaxies |
the comblike spectrum of a white light-illuminated fabry-pérot etalon can serve as a cost-effective and stable reference for precise doppler measurements. understanding the stability of these devices across their broad (hundreds of nanometers) spectral bandwidths is essential to realizing their full potential as dopple... | broadband stability of the habitable zone planet finder fabry-pérot etalon calibration system: evidence for chromatic variation |
image super-resolution is a technique of enhancing the resolution of an image where a high-resolution (hr) image is reconstructed from a low-resolution (lr) image. in this letter, we apply two novel deep learning models (residual attention model and progressive gan model) for enhancing solar dynamics observatory (sdo)/... | super-resolution of sdo/hmi magnetograms using novel deep learning methods |
arcus will provide high-resolution soft x-ray spectroscopy in the 12-50å bandpass with sensitivity orders of magnitude higher than any previous astronomical observatory. the three top science goals for arcus are to (1) measure the effects of structure formation imprinted upon the hot baryons that are predicted to lie i... | the arcus soft x-ray grating spectrometer explorer |
context. direct imaging of exoplanets is polluted by speckle noise that severely limits the achievable contrast. angular and spectral differential imaging have been proposed to make use of the temporal and chromatic properties of the speckles. both modes, associated with extreme adaptive-optics and coronagraphy, are at... | detection limits with spectral differential imaging data |
tata institute of fundamental research (tifr) near infrared imaging camera-ii (tircam2) is a closed-cycle helium cryo-cooled imaging camera equipped with a raytheon 512×512 pixels insb aladdin iii quadrant focal plane array (fpa) having sensitivity to photons in the 1-5μm wavelength band. in this paper, we present the ... | tifr near infrared imaging camera-ii on the 3.6 m devasthal optical telescope |
recent and exciting discoveries in astronomy and cosmology have inspired many high school students to learn about these fields. a particularly fascinating consequence of general relativity at the forefront of modern cosmology research is gravitational lensing, the bending of light rays that pass near massive objects. g... | modern gravitational lens cosmology for introductory physics and astronomy students |
we present high-resolution h- and k-band spectroscopic observations of the archetypal t tauri star t tau north. synthetic spectral modeling is used to derive the k-band temperature, surface gravity, magnetic field strength, and rotational velocity for this star. the k-band spectroscopic temperature measured is ${t}_{k ... | is t tauri north a "classical" t tauri star? |
the spectral resolution of a dispersive astronomical spectrograph is limited by the trade-off between throughput and the width of the entrance slit. photonic guided wave transitions have been proposed as a route to bypass this trade-off, by enabling the efficient reformatting of incoherent seeing-limited light collecte... | efficient photonic reformatting of celestial light for diffraction-limited spectroscopy |
the vertical profiles of wind speed and the optical turbulence are critical to the design and operation of a new generation of highly sophisticated astronomical telescopes and adaptive optics instrumentation. we present the first study of the temporal evolution behaviours and probability distributions of wind speed [v(... | optical turbulence and wind speed distributions above the tibetan plateau from balloon-borne microthermal measurements |
we characterize the response of a novel 250 µm thick, fully-depleted skipper charged-coupled device (ccd) to visible/near-infrared light with a focus on potential applications for astronomical observations. we achieve stable, single-electron resolution with readout noise σ 0.18 e- rms/pix from 400 non-destructive measu... | characterization of skipper ccds for cosmological applications |
the high elevation, complex topography, and unique atmospheric circulations of the tibetan plateau (tp) make its optical turbulence characteristics different from those in low-elevation regions. in this study, the characteristics of the atmospheric refractive index structure constant (cn2) profiles in the lhasa area at... | optical turbulence characteristics in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere over the lhasa within the asian summer monsoon anticyclone |
the image-subtraction technique applied to study variable stars in globular clusters represented a leap in the number of new detections, with the drawback that many of these new light curves could not be transformed to magnitudes due to severe crowding. in this paper, we present observations of four galactic globular c... | an ao-assisted variability study of four globular clusters |
gj 887 has been spotlighted for the apparently gentle space environment it provides to its recently discovered planets. in 27 days of optical monitoring by the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess), the star exhibited no detectable flares. ultraviolet observations reveal a different story. two high-contrast flar... | when "boring" stars flare: the ultraviolet activity of gj 887, a bright m star hosting newly discovered planets |
the amount of dust estimated from infrared to sub-millimetre (submm) observations strongly depends on assumptions of different grain sizes, compositions and optical properties. here we use a simple model of thermal emission from cold silicate/carbon dust at a range of dust grain temperatures and fit the spectral energy... | from flux to dust mass: does the grain-temperature distribution matter for estimates of cold dust masses in supernova remnants? |
integral gamma-ray (igr) j14091-6108 is a galactic x-ray source known to have an iron emission line, a hard x-ray spectrum, and an optical counterpart. here, we report on x-ray observations of the source with xmm-newton and nustar as well as optical spectroscopy with european southern obseratory/very large telescope an... | identifying igr j14091-6108 as a magnetic cv with a massive white dwarf using x-ray and optical observations |
we conduct spectral observations of 138 superthin galaxies (stgs) with high radial-to-vertical stellar disk scale ratios with the dual imaging spectrograph on the 3.5 m telescope at the apache point observatory (apo) to obtain the ionized gas rotation curves with r ~5000 resolution. we also performed near-infrared (nir... | spectral observations of superthin galaxies |
we have realised a simple prototype system to perform searches for short timescale optical transients, utilising the novel drift scan imaging technique described by tingay (2020). we used two coordinated and aligned cameras, with an overlap field of view of approximately 3.7 deg$^2$, to capture over $34 000 × 5$ second... | high cadence optical transient searches using drift scan imaging ii: event rate upper limits on optical transients of duration <21 ms and magnitude <6.6 |
optical frequency combs have the potential to improve the precision of the radial velocity measurement of celestial bodies, leading to breakthroughs in such fields as exoplanet exploration. for these purposes, the comb must have a broad spectral coverage in the visible wavelength region, a wide mode spacing that can be... | erbium-doped-fiber-based broad visible range frequency comb with a 30 ghz mode spacing for astronomical applications |
we present deep scuba-2 450 μm and 850 μm imaging of 10 strong lensing clusters. we provide a >4σ scuba-2 850 μm catalog of the 404 sources lying within a radius of $4\buildrel{\,\prime}\over{.} 5$ from the cluster centers. we also provide catalogs of the >4.5σ atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma) ... | a submillimeter survey of faint galaxies behind 10 strong lensing clusters |
we describe a versatile pipeline for processing the data collected by the ultra-violet imaging telescope (uvit) on board indian multi-wavelength astronomical satellite astrosat. the uvit instrument carries out simultaneous astronomical imaging through selected filters/gratings in far-ultra-violet (fuv), near-ultra-viol... | an automated pipeline for ultra-violet imaging telescope |
polarimetric imaging is widely used in applications from material analysis to biomedical diagnostics, vision and astronomy. the degree of circular polarization, or light ellipticity, is associated with the s3 stokes parameter which is defined as the difference in the intensities of the left- and right-circularly polari... | thermopile detector of light ellipticity |
the orbital angular momentum (oam) of light has been shown to be useful in diverse fields ranging from astronomy and optical trapping to optical communications and data storage. however, one of the primary impediments preventing such applications from widespread adoption is the lack of a straightforward and dynamic met... | active sorting of orbital angular momentum states of light with a cascaded tunable resonator |
a worldwide search is currently being conducted to determine the most appropriate sites for the next generation of large optical and infrared telescopes. here, we report a global map of atmospheric optical turbulence-associated parameter (atmospheric coherence length) based on the fifth generation of european centre fo... | a global turbulence model shows excellent atmospheric optical turbulence conditions over the ethiopian plateau during non-rainy season |
time-domain astronomy is an active research area now, which requires frequent observations of the whole sky to capture celestial objects with temporal variations. in the optical band, several telescopes in different locations could form a distributed telescope array to capture images of celestial objects continuously. ... | observation strategy optimization for distributed telescope arrays with deep reinforcement learning |
aiming at testing the validity of our magnesium atomic model and investigating the effects of non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (nlte) on the formation of the h-band neutral magnesium lines, we derive the differential mg abundances from selected transitions for 13 stars either adopting or relaxing the assumption of... | nlte analysis of high-resolution h-band spectra. ii. neutral magnesium |
an optical etalon illuminated by a white light source provides a broadband comb-like spectrum that can be employed as a calibration source for astronomical spectrographs in radial velocity (rv) surveys for extrasolar planets. for this application the frequency stability of the etalon is critical, as its transmission sp... | frequency stability characterization of a broadband fiber fabry-pérot interferometer |
some polars show quasi-periodic oscillations (qpos) in their optical light curves that have been interpreted as the result of shock oscillations driven by the cooling instability. although numerical simulations can recover this physics, they wrongly predict qpos in the x-ray luminosity and have also failed to reproduce... | numerical simulations of high-energy flows in accreting magnetic white dwarfs |
astronomical seeing parameters calculated based on the kolmogorov turbulence model cannot fully evaluate the effect of the natural convection (nc) above a solar telescope mirror on the image quality, as the convective air motions and temperature variations of the nc are significantly different from the kolmogorov turbu... | study of transient behaviors of wavefront error caused by natural convection for improving mirror seeing |
this paper presents microsatellite spacecraft payload study for prompt observation of transient astrophysical objects in x-ray energy range. by combining telescope concepts and miniaturized detectors, the small spacecraft will be able to probe the x-ray temporal emissions of bright events such as gamma-ray bursts (grbs... | small spacecraft payload study for x-ray astrophysics including grb science |
in order to meet its cutting-edge scientific objectives, the square kilometre array (ska) telescope requires high-precision frequency references to be distributed to each of its antennas. the frequency references are distributed via fiber-optic links and must be actively stabilized to compensate for phase noise imposed... | astronomical verification of a stabilized frequency reference transfer system for the square kilometer array |
the owl-net (optical wide-field patrol network) is composed of 0.5-m wide-field optical telescopes spread over the globe (mongolia, morocco, israel, south korea, and usa). all the observing stations are identical, operated in a fully robotic manner, and controlled by the headquarters located in daejeon, korea. the main... | owl-net: a global network of robotic telescopes for satellite observation |
among the main disadvantages of using silicon photomultipliers (sipms) in large experiments are their limited physical area (increasing the cost and the complexity of the readout of a camera) and their sensitivity to unwanted wavelengths. this explains why photomultiplier tubes (pmts) are still selected for the largest... | the light-trap: a novel concept for a large sipm-based pixel for very high energy gamma-ray astronomy and beyond |
gravitational waves are detected by measuring length changes between mirrors in the arms of kilometre-long michelson interferometers. brownian thermal noise arising from thermal vibrations of the mirrors can limit the sensitivity to distance changes between the mirrors, and, therefore, the ability to measure gravitatio... | development of mirror coatings for gravitational-wave detectors |
the blossoming field of joint gravitational wave and electromagnetic (gw-em) astronomy is one of the most promising in astronomy. the first, and only, joint gw-em event gw170817 provided remarkable science returns that still continue to this day. continued growth in this field requires increasing the sample size of joi... | astro 2020 science white paper: joint gravitational wave and electromagnetic astronomy with ligo and lsst in the 2020's |
the tsinghua university-national astronomical observatories, chinese academy of sciences (naoc) transient survey is an automatic survey that conducts a systematic exploration of optical transients. this project utilizes a 60/90 cm schmidt telescope at the xinglong station of naoc. this survey repeatedly covers ~ 1000 s... | the thu-naoc transient survey: the performance and results from the first year |
the large magellanic cloud (lmc) currently hosts around 23 high-mass x-ray binaries (hmxbs) of which most are be/x-ray binaries. the lmc xmm-newton survey provided follow-up observations of previously known x-ray sources that were likely hmxbs, as well as identifying new hmxb candidates. in total, 19 candidate hmxbs we... | identification of high-mass x-ray binaries selected from xmm-newton observations of the lmc★ |
detections of gravitational waves (gw) in the frequency band 35 to 500 hz have led to the birth of gw astronomy. expected signals above 500 hz, such as the quasinormal modes of lower mass black holes and neutron star merger signatures, are currently not detectable due to increasing quantum shot noise at high frequencie... | enhanced detection of high frequency gravitational waves using optically diluted optomechanical filters |
we have imaged with hubble space telescope wfc3/uvis the central 2\buildrel{ \prime}\over{.} 7× 2\buildrel{ \prime}\over{.} 7 region of the giant elliptical galaxy m87, using the ultraviolet filter f275w. in combination with archival acs/wfc data taken through the f606w and f814w filters, covering the same field, we ha... | uv insights into the complex populations of m87 globular clusters |
this paper focuses on the next detectors for gravitational wave astronomy which will be required after the current ground based detectors have completed their initial observations, and probably achieved the first direct detection of gravitational waves. the next detectors will need to have greater sensitivity, while al... | the next detectors for gravitational wave astronomy |
transition-edge sensors (tess) have found a wide range of applications in both space- and land-based astronomical photon measurement and are being used in the search for dark matter and neutrino mass measurements. a fundamental aspect of tes physics that has not been investigated is the sensitivity of tess to strong dc... | sensitivity of transition-edge sensors to strong dc electric fields |
context. the existence of a significant population of ap stars with very long rotation periods (up to several hundred years) has progressively emerged over the past two decades. however, only lower limits of the periods are known for most of them because their variations have not yet been observed over a sufficient tim... | hd 18078: a very slowly rotating ap star with an unusual magnetic field structure |
high-resolution spectra with ishell on irtf in the k and m bands of the young, heavily accreting b1.5ve star mwc 297 show numerous double-peaked co lines. these co lines originate in an inclined gaseous disk in keplerian rotation. mwc 297 is the only early b star known to show a keplerian disk in co. analysis of the sp... | a rotating accretion disk around mwc 297, a young b1.5ve star |
context. comparing theoretical predictions to real data is crucial to properly formulate galaxy formation theories. however, this is usually done naively considering the direct output of simulations and quantities inferred from observations, which can lead to severe inconsistencies.aims: we present forecast, a new flex... | forecast: a flexible software to forward model cosmological hydrodynamical simulations mimicking real observations |
the icecube neutrino observatory instruments about 1 km^3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic south pole with 5160 photomultipliers to detect cherenkov light from charged relativistic particles. the experiment pursues a wide range of scientific questions ranging from particle physics such as neutrino oscillations to... | light diffusion in birefringent polycrystals and the icecube ice anisotropy |
variability of pre-main-sequence stars observed at optical wavelengths has been attributed to fluctuations in the mass accretion rate from the circumstellar disk onto the forming star. detailed models of accretion disks suggest that young deeply embedded protostars should also exhibit variations in their accretion rate... | identifying variability in deeply embedded protostars with alma and carma |
most optical and ir spectra are now acquired using detectors with finite-width pixels in a square array. each pixel records the received intensity integrated over its own area, and pixels are separated by the array pitch. this paper examines the effects of such pixellation, using computed simulations to illustrate the ... | detector sampling of optical/ir spectra: how many pixels per fwhm? |
we present a direct comparison of the pan-andromeda archaeological survey (pandas) observations of the stellar halo of m31 with the stellar halos of six galaxies from the auriga simulations. we process the simulated halos through the auriga2pandas pipeline and create pandas-like mocks that fold in all observational lim... | observing the stellar halo of andromeda in cosmological simulations: the auriga2pandas pipeline |
km3net is a multi-purpose cubic-kilometer neutrino observatory under construction in the mediterranean sea. it consists of orca and arca (for oscillation and astroparticle research with cosmics in the abyss, respectively), currently both have a few detection lines in operation. although having different primary goals, ... | real-time multi-messenger analysis framework for km3net |
we present a high-resolution (2.5 au) multiband analysis of the protoplanetary disk around tw hya using atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma) long baseline data at bands 3, 4, 6, and 7. we aim to reconstruct a high-sensitivity millimeter continuum image and revisit the spectral index distribution. the ima... | alma high-resolution multiband analysis for the protoplanetary disk around tw hya |
astrophysical events that occur in active galactic nucleus (agn) disks are believed to differ significantly from the ordinary in the interstellar medium. we show that stars located in the outer region of the agn disk would explode near the original migration starting points instead of being accreted by the central supe... | core-collapse supernova explosions in active galactic nucleus accretion disks |
we searched the northern hemisphere fields of the galaxy evolution explorer time domain survey for galaxies with uv variability indicative of active galactic nuclei (agns). we identified 48 high-probability candidate agns from a parent sample of 1819 galaxies in the nasa sloan atlas catalog. we further characterized th... | variable active galactic nuclei in the galaxy evolution explorer time domain survey |
the ability to generate physically plausible ensembles of variable sources is critical to the optimization of time domain survey cadences and the training of classification models on data sets with few to no labels. traditional data augmentation techniques expand training sets by reenvisioning observed exemplars, seeki... | deep generative modeling of periodic variable stars using physical parameters |
magnetic fields permeate the entire galaxy and are essential to, for example, the regulation of several stages of the star formation process and cosmic-ray transportation. unraveling their properties, such as intensity and topology, is an observational challenge that requires combining different and complementary techn... | interstellar polarization survey. ii. general interstellar medium |
in recent years, tremendous progress has been made on scientific complementary metal oxide semiconductor (scmos) sensors, making them a promising device for future space x-ray missions. we have customized a large-format scmos sensor, g1516bi, dedicated for x-ray applications. in this work, a 200 nm thick aluminum layer... | an aluminum-coated scmos sensor for x-ray astronomy |
planets grow in rotating disks of dust and gas around forming stars, some of which can subsequently collide in giant impacts after the gas component is removed from the disk1-3. monitoring programmes with the warm spitzer mission have recorded substantial and rapid changes in mid-infrared output for several stars, inte... | a planetary collision afterglow and transit of the resultant debris cloud |
data reduction for astronomy from gemini observatory north and south (dragons) is a platform for the reduction and processing of astronomical data. the python-based, open-source package includes infrastructure for automation and algorithms for the processing of imaging and spectroscopic data, up to the analysis-ready s... | dragons-a quick overview |
cis221-x is a prototype complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (cmos) image sensor, optimized for soft x-ray astronomy and developed for the proposed esa transient high energy sky and early universe surveyor (theseus) mission. the sensor features 40 μm pitch square pixels built on a 35 μm thick, high-resistivity epita... | electro-optical characterization of a cmos image sensor optimized for soft x-ray astronomy |
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