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this work is a part of the red-100 big project. the aim of the red-100 experiment is to detect the presently undiscovered coherent neutrino scattering off xenon atomic nuclei. the manufacture of such detectors requires ultrapure materials with very low content of natural radioactive elements. so the pure titanium was selected to assay the uranium and thorium contaminations on 1 ng/g level. in this paper we investigate the possibility of reducing the lod for la-icp-ms analysis by increasing the pulse repetition rate of solid-state laser irradiation up to 4,000 hz and appropriate adjusting the irradiation power. lods for u and th in titanium matrix estimation fell in the sub 10-10 g g- 1 level. | the approach to reducing the detection limit for la-icp-ms |
the coherent collaboration is deploying a suite of low-threshold detectors at the sns in a low-background corridor to detect coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (cevns), to measure the n2-dependence of the cross section, and to search for physics beyond the standard model. these detectors must be low-threshold and low-background in order to observe the low-energy nuclear recoil in the cevns process with 10 mev sns neutrinos. a 14kg csi detector has run for the last year. liquid ar, high-purity ge, and nai detectors will be installed in near future. demonstrated and predicted performance of these detectors for observation of cevns will be presented. coherent collaborators are supported by the u.s. department of energy office of science, the national science foundation, nasa, and the sloan foundation. | detectors for the coherent neutrino experiment |
we report on an update (2021) of a phenomenological model for inelastic neutrino- and electron-nucleon scattering cross sections using effective leading order parton distribution functions with a new scaling variable ξw. non-perturbative effects are well described using the ξw scaling variable in combination with multiplicative k factors at low q2. the model describes all inelastic charged-leptron-nucleon scattering data (hera/nmc/bcdms/slac/jlab) ranging from very high q2 to very low q2 and down to the q2 = 0 photo-production region. the model has been developed to be used in analysis of neutrino oscillation experiments in the few gev region. the 2021 update accounts for the difference between axial and vector structure function which brings it into much better agreement with neutrino-nucleon total cross section measurements. the model has been developed primarily for hadronic final state masses w above 1.8 gev. however with additional parameters the model also describe the average neutrino cross sections in the resonance region down to w=1.4 gev. research supported by the u.s. department of energy under grant number de-sc0008475. | inelastic axial and vector structure functions for lepton-nucleon scattering 2021 update |
the precise measurement of neutrino properties is among the highest priorities in fundamental particle physics, involving many experiments worldwide. since the experiments rely on the interactions of neutrinos with bound nucleons inside atomic nuclei, the planned advances in the scope and precision of these experiments requires a commensurate effort in the understanding and modeling of the hadronic and nuclear physics of these interactions, which is incorporated as a nuclear model in neutrino event generators. this model is essential to every phase of experimental analyses and its theoretical uncertainties play an important role in interpreting every result. any nuclear model used to describe neutrino-nucleus scattering should first be validated against these data. since the vector part of the weak response is related to the electro-magnetic response through cvc, such a test is necessary, but not sufficient, to ensure the validity of a model for given kinematics, namely given values of the transferred energy ω(= ν for neutrinos) and momentum q. the main challenges in connecting electron and neutrino reactions: • matching models used to predict neutrino-nucleus observables to electron scattering data. • expanding theory to include more semi-inclusive predictions. • provide semi-inclusive neutron, proton and pion data sets with broad angular range. the cross section for neutrino scattering from nuclei is sensitive to the same underlying structure determined by qcd, and as probed with pure electromagnetic processes, such as charged lepton scattering from nucleons and nuclei. as such, there are a number of ways that electron scattering data inform ν - a cross section modeling, as well as providing a test-bed for model validation. in contrast to past and current neutrino beams, charged lepton scattering has the distinct advantage of nearly monochromatic beams with well determined energies, allowing for a significantly cleaner kinematic separation of the various production mechanisms in inclusive scattering, such as reso- nance production and nucleon elastic scattering. in addition to providing important experimental input such as nucleon isovector elastic form factors and resonance transition form factors, electron scattering data provide critical information on the distributions of initial state momentum and energy for nucleons in nuclei, the importance of 2-body currents and final state interaction effects. in this analysis, we will give a brief overview of the experimental input provided by electron scattering data. | neutrino energy reconstruction methods using electron scattering data |
an accurate description of neutrino interactions with nuclei is critical for the success of current and planned neutrino-oscillation experiments. i will present quantum monte carlo calculations, based on green's function monte carlo methods, of neutrino-12c inclusive scattering induced by neutral- and charged-current interactions. these calculations are based on realistic treatments of nuclear interactions and currents, the latter including the axial-, vector-, and vector-axial interference terms crucial for determining the difference between neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering and the cp-violating phase. the role of two-nucleon processes induced by correlation effects and electroweak currents will be discussed in detail. this research is supported by the u.s. department of energy, office of science, office of nuclear physics, under contracts de-ac02-06ch11357, de-ac52-06na25396, de-ac05-06or23177, and by the nuclei sci- dac and lanl ldrd programs. under an award of computer time provided by the incite program, this research used resources of the argonne leadership computing facility at argonne national laboratory, which is supported by the office of science of the u.s. department of energy under contract de-ac02-06ch11357. | ab-initio calculations of neutrino-nucleus interactions |
world data for the structure function for iron-56 f2fe, as measured by both charged lepton and neutrino scattering experiments, are compared. a difference in the behavior of the data between charged lepton and neutrino scattering is observed, notably in the shadowing/anti-shadowing transition region where the bjorken scaling xariable x is <0.15. the charged lepton data appear to undergo anti-shadowing whereas the neutrino data do not. details and preliminary results of the data comparison are presented in this proceeding. | comparison of the iron nuclear structure function f2 as measured by charged lepton and neutrino probes |
the miniboone and lsnd experiments have shown compelling evidence for sterile neutrinos in short baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. in these experiments, an excess of electron neutrino appearance was observed from a pure muon neutrino beam, and if these data are interpreted as sterile neutrino oscillations, the mass scale is 1 ev2. analogous muon neutrino disappearance measurements have shown no anomalies, but these experiments have been performed at a different energy scale compared to lsnd and miniboone. coherent captain-mills (ccm) is a new experiment to search for muon neutrino disappearance at the lsnd energy scale. ccm will use a 10-ton liquid argon scintillation detector to leverage the enhanced cross section from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. ccm will operate at the lujan center at lansce which is a 100-kw stopped pion source that delivers an 800-mev proton beam onto a tungsten target at 20 hz with a pulse width of 290 ns. this fast pulsing is crucial for isolating the monoenergetic muon neutrino in time and reducing neutron backgrounds. in this talk, i will describe the current state of sterile neutrinos, describe the ccm detector and the lujan center, and show first results from our successful fall 2018 commissioning run. lanl ldrd-dr funding. | searching for sterile neutrinos with the coherent captain-mills detector at the los alamos neutron science center |
the lsnd and miniboone short baseline neutrino oscillation experiments have shown evidence for sterile neutrinos at δm2 1 ev2. both experiments used pure muon neutrino beams to search for electron neutrino appearance, i.e., νμ ->νe , yet corresponding disappearance experiments have shown no anomalies. we will deploy the captain-mills detector, a 7-ton fiducial volume, single-phase, liquid argon scintillation detector, and use the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (ce νns) process to measure muon neutrino disappearance at the lujan facility at the los alamos neutron science center. using ce νns greatly enhances the event rate compared to other oscillation experiments. lujan is a 100-kw stopped pion source that nominally delivers a 250-ns wide, 800-mev proton beam onto a tungsten target at 30 hz, but the beam width can be significantly narrowed to 30 ns. lujan's fast pulsing is advantageous for isolating the prompt 30-mev muon neutrino from the delayed muon-decay neutrinos and neutron backgrounds. in this talk, i will describe the captain-mills detector, the lujan neutrino source, the expected sensitivities for sterile neutrinos, and show results from our neutron background survey. | a disappearance search for sterile neutrinos with the captain-mills detector at the los alamos neutron science center |
we present a new preliminary measurement of the charge-current quasi-elastic scattering cross section for anti-neutrinos on scintillator (ch) over the energy range 1.5-10 gev. the data were taken with the minerva detector in the numi beamline at fermilab and cover the energy range of interest for the proposed dune long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment and of jlab elastic scattering experiments. of particular interest to the nuclear community are possible signatures for short range correlations and/or meson exchange currents in these data. we present comparisons to a range of nuclear models. | results for quasi-elastic anti-neutrino scattering on scintillator from the minerva experiment |
the spallation neutron source (sns) at oak ridge national laboratory, tennessee, provides an intense isotropic flux of neutrinos in the few tens-of-mev range, with a sharply-pulsed timing structure which is beneficial for background rejection. this talk will describe how the sns source can be used for a measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cevns), the physics reach of such a measurement, and the status of coherent, the planned experimental program. | coherent at the spallation neutron source |
precise low-energy measurements in nuclear β-decay provide constraints on possible physics beyond the standard model complementary to high-energy collider experiments. we report the most precise measurement of the positron asymmetry from a polarized nucleus to-date. at the triumf neutral atom trap, atoms of the positron emitter 37k are confined in an alternating-current magneto-optical trap and spin-polarized to 99 . 13 +/- 0 . 09 % via optical pumping. the use of atom-trapping techniques allows for an exceptionally open geometry with the decay products escaping the trapping region unperturbed by the trapping potential. we detect the emitted positrons in a pair of symmetric detectors placed along the polarization axis to measure the asymmetry in situ. the analysis was performed blind and considers β-scattering and other systematic effects. the results place limits on the mass of a hypothetical w boson coupling to right-handed neutrinos as well as contribute to an independent determination of the vud element of the ckm matrix. u.s. doe, the israel science foundation, and nserc . triumf receives federal funding via a contribution agreement with the national research council of canada. | precise measurement of the positron asymmetry in the decay of spin-polarized 37k |
world data for the f2 structure function for iron, as measured by multiple charged lepton and neutrino deep inelastic scattering experiments, are compared. data obtained from charged lepton and neutrino scattering at larger values of x are in remarkably good agreement with a simple invocation of the 18/5 rule, while a discrepancy in the behavior of the data obtained from the different probes well beyond the data uncertainties is observed in the shadowing/anti-shadowing transition region where the bjorken scaling variable x is less than 0.15. the data are compared to theoretical calculations. details and results of the data comparison will be presented, along with future plans. | comparison of the f2 structure function in iron as measured by charged lepton and neutrino probes |
when studying neutrino oscillations an understanding of charged current quasielastic (ccqe) neutrino-nucleus scattering is imperative. this interaction depends on a nuclear model as well as knowledge of form factors. in the past, ccqe data from the miniboone experiment was analyzed assuming the relativistic fermi gas (rfg) nuclear model, an axial dipole form factor in, and using the the z-expansion for the axial form factor in. we present the first analysis that combines a non-rfg nuclear model, in particular the correlated fermi gas nuclear model (cfg) of, and the z expansion for the axial form factor. this will allow us to separate form factor and nuclear model effects in ccqe scattering. this project was supported through the wayne state university reu program under nsf grant phy-1460853 and by the doe grant de-sc0007983. | separating form factor and nuclear model effects in quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scattering |
nuclear recoil (nr) calibrations are vital for understanding detector responses to dark matter candidates and neutrino-nucleus signals in direct detection experiments. low-mass (<5 gev) dark matter candidates and 8b neutrinos drive the need for high-statistics/low-systematic calibrations at even lower nr energies. we report the results of measurements made at brown university demonstrating the effectiveness of an adelphi technologies inc. dd neutron generator and deuterated scintillator in a carefully shielded geometry to shift the neutron beam energy from 2.45 mev (94 kev fwhm) to 350 kev (85 kev fwhm). this low energy, monoenergetic source is fully portable and usable in situ to measure nr events in a range of detector technologies. the lower neutron speed allows the tagging of distinct s1 signals for multiple scatters within tonne-scale liquid noble time projection chambers (tpcs) and permits direct in situ measurement of light yield (ly) independent of charge yield (qy). the scintillator reflector allows per-neutron energy determination via time-of-flight (tof) and pulse size measurements, providing a powerful calibration source with few systematic uncertainties. a tof-based hydrogen reflector source with a tunable neutron energy from 10-100 kev is also discussed. | a 350 kev monoenergetic neutron source using a dd-neutron source and a deuterated scintillator neutron reflector |
recent anti-neutrino data taken by the t2k experiment is used to measure the ratio of the cross sections for charged current interactions of muon type neutrinos relative to anti-neutrinos, σ/(νμ + nucleons -->μ+ + x) σ (νμ + nucleons -->μ- + x) . theoretical estimates for charged current quasi-elastic neutrino-quark scattering predict this ratio should be approximately 1/3. this measurement used the π0 detector (p ∅d) and a time projection chamber (tpc1) directly downstream at the off axis near detector (nd280) complex of the t2k experiment. neutrino interactions occurring in the p ∅d with an exiting muon whose momentum is measured by tpc1 were selected. preliminary results and studies of the event selection and relevant systematic uncertainties are presented. | measurment of the charged current inclusive anti-neutrino to neutrino cross section ratio using the π0 detector at t2k |
the coherent experiment is attempting a first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cevns) at the spallation neutron source (sns) at oak ridge national lab. cevns is a standard model process that is important in understanding supernova neutrinos, the structure of the weak interaction, and as a background for dark matter searches. coherent is placing a suite of four detector technologies in a basement location at the sns: point contact germanium detectors, csi[na] crystals, nai[tl] crystals, and single phase liquid argon. previous attempts to measure the cevns process have grappled with very high rates of backgrounds due to the low energy thresholds required. accelerator-correlated neutrons are the most troublesome background for coherent because a simple accelerator on/off background subtraction procedure fails to remove them. to understand these backgrounds, coherent features measurements from the scibath detector and the sandia neutron scatter camera (nsc). important neutron measurements from both scibath and the nsc, as well as gamma measurements from the sns basement location where the four detector technologies for coherent will be placed will be discussed. coherent collaborators are supported by the u. s. department of energy office of science, the national science foundation, nasa, and the sloan foundation. | background studies at the spallation neutron source for the coherent experiment |
the miniboone and lsnd experiments have shown compelling evidence for sterile neutrinos in short baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. in these experiments, an excess of electron neutrino appearance was observed from a pure muon neutrino beam, and if these data are interpreted as sterile neutrino oscillations, the mass scale is ~1 ev2. coherent captain-mills (ccm) is a new experiment to search for muon neutrino disappearance at the lsnd energy scale. ccm will use a 10-ton liquid argon scintillation detector to leverage the enhanced cross section from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. ccm will operate at the lujan center at lansce which is a 100-kw stopped pion source that delivers an 800-mev proton beam onto a tungsten target at 20 hz with a pulse width of 275 ns. this fast pulsing is crucial for isolating the monoenergetic muon neutrino in time and reducing neutron backgrounds. furthermore, new vector portal dark sector models predict beam dump experiments like ccm are sensitive to sub-gev dark matter. in this talk, i will describe sterile neutrino and dark matter production and detection as well as the ccm detector and sensitivities. | searching for sterile neutrinos and acceleratorproduced dark matter with the coherentcaptain-mills (ccm) detector at the losalamos neutron science center |
the deep underground neutrino experiment (dune) is a long baseline neutrino experiment using liquid argon detectors to study neutrino oscillations, proton decay, and other phenomena. the single-phase protodune detector is a prototype of the dune far detector and is located in a charged particle test beam at cern. it is critical to have accurate momentum estimation of charged particles for calibration and testing of the protodune detector performance, as well for proper analysis of dune data. charged particles passing through matter undergo multiple coulomb scattering (mcs). mcs is momentum-dependent, allowing it to be used in muon momentum estimation while allowing for momentum estimation of muons exiting the detector, a key benefit of mcs over various other methods. we will present the status of the mcs analysis which was developed and evaluated using monte carlo simulations and discuss the bias and resolution of our momentum estimation method, as well as its dependencies on the detector resolution. | muon momentum estimation in protodune using multiple coulomb scattering |
there is overwhelming astrophysical evidence for the existence of dark matter. despite a significant experimental program to search for the non-gravitation interactions of dark matter with deep underground detectors, it remains unseen. these experiments search for low-energy nuclear recoils but lose sensitivity below a wimp mass of about 1 gev. in contrast, by introducing a minimal new dark-sector coupled to the standard model via a vector portal mediator, sub-gev dark matter is a viable candidate and can be produced at accelerators. the miniboone experiment is searching for accelerator-boosted elastic scatters of these low-mass dark matter from the booster neutrino beamline at fermilab. to suppress neutrino backgrounds, the 8.9 gev proton beam is diverted off-target to the steel beamstop with no meson focusing horn. miniboone has completed its experimental run with 1 . 86 ×1020 protons-on-target and analysis is underway. in this talk, i will show preliminary results from an analysis of the nucleon-dark matter scattering channel and summarize our expected sensitivity. | an accelerator-produced, sub-gev dark matter search with the miniboone neutrino detector |
the coherent experiment has observed coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cevns) using the pulsed neutrino production from the spallation neutron source (sns) at oak ridge national laboratory. the collaboration now seeks to test the n^2 dependence of the standard model cross section for cevns using a suite of detector systems. building on an existing geant4 simulation of neutrino production at the sns, we extend available truth values while increasing overall efficiency. this poster will highlight the updates to the sns simulation and present the resulting spectra as we investigate the neutrino flux at the detectors. proposed validation methods will also be discussed. | neutrino flux simulations for coherent at the ornl spallation neutron source |
decades of research in electron-nucleus deep inelastic scattering (dis) have provided a clear picture of nuclear physics at high momentum transfer. while these effects have been clearly demonstrated by experiment, the theoretical explanation of their origin in some kinematic regions has been lacking. particularly, the effects in the intermediate regions of bjorken-x, anti-shadowing and the emc effect have no universally accepted quantum mechanical explanation. in addition, these effects have not been measured systematically with neutrino-nucleus deep inelastic scattering, due to experiments lacking multiple heavy targets. the minerνa (main injector experiment ν-a) experiment, located in the neutrinos at the main injector (numi) facility at fermilab, is designed explicitly to measure these kind of effects with neutrinos. mineνa is equipped with solid targets of graphite, iron, lead and plastic scintillator. the plastic scintillator region provides excellent particle tracking capabilities, and the minos (main injector neutrino oscillation search) near detector is used as a downstream muon spectrometer. the exposure of multiple nuclear targets to an identical neutrino beam allows for a systematic study of these nuclear effects. an analysis of the minerνa dis data on carbon, iron, lead and plastic scintillator has been conducted in the energy region 5 ≤ e ν < 50 gev and thetamu < 17°. the data are presented as ratios of the total cross section (sigma(e ν)) as well as the differential cross section with respect to bjorken-x (dsigma/dxbj) of carbon, iron and lead to scintillator. the total cross section data is useful for deciphering gross nuclear effects which effect neutrino energy reconstruction. no significant differences between simulation and minνa dis data are observed in the total cross section. the ratios of the xbj differential ratios however, may provide clues for decoding long standing questions about the emc effect. the minerνa data tend to support no difference in the strength of the emc effect from charged lepton scattering. there is a suggestion of additional nuclear shadowing, not predicted by simulation, in the ratio of lead to scintillator. | first search for the emc effect and nuclear shadowing in neutrino nucleus deep inelastic scattering at minerva |
neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering (νael) is a well-defined process in the standard model of particle physics. it provides a unique laboratory to study the quantum mechanical coherency effects in electroweak interactions. we present an analytical formulation to quantify the coherency effects (α), relate this to nuclear form factors and experimental cross-section ratios, and characterize how its energy dependence leads to complementary among measurements at various neutrino sources with different targets. the latest results and prospects of observing νael at the kuo-sheng reactor neutrino laboratory with germanium detectors with 𝒪(100 ev) threshold will also be presented. | studies of quantum mechanical coherency effects in neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering |
the nucleon axial radius, ra2, is an important quantity governing the nucleon response to electroweak probes. its uncertainty dominates the error bar for neutrino-nucleon charged current quasielastic scattering, a key signal process at long baseline neutrino experiments. recent developments are reviewed, including the reanalysis of data from neutrino scattering at deuterium bubble chambers and the reinterpretation of muon capture on hydrogen as a measurement of ra2; these processes currently provide the best constraints on ra2. the talk concludes with an overview of current and future theoretical and experimental efforts for improved measurements of ra2. | the nucleon axial radius, its determination and implications |
recently the coherent collaboration reported the first observation of coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (cenns), opening the door to the use of neutrinos for the study of nuclear properties. studying the cenns spectrum, indeed, it is possible to measure the electroweak nuclear form factor and therefore constrain the neutron distribution. it is possible to use the neutrinos produced in existing or planned accelerators in china for such an experiment: this opportunity will be discussed, as well as the impact of the systematic errors in the precision that can be achieved. indeed, the uncertainty on the quenching factor can significantly affect the final result, this will be shown assuming the helm model for the neutron distribution as well as using a model-independent analysis, based on the determination of the distribution's momenta. | extracting nuclear form factors from coherent neutrino scattering |
accelerator-based neutrino experiments are taking the center stage of the neutrino oscillation program. these experiments use beam neutrinos with energies between 500 mev and 5 gev and detect them by their interactions with nuclei. understanding neutrino-nucleus interaction cross sections and their uncertainties is crucial to the success of the neutrino oscillation program. in this talk, i will discuss how neutrino-nucleus cross sections impact the experimental measurements. i will review the current status of the cross section calculations and estimations of their uncertainties. i will also highlight both theoretical and experimental efforts to improve our understanding of this problem. | neutrino-nucleus scattering in neutrino oscillation experiments |
modern gas time projection chambers (tpcs) with high readout segmentation are capable of reconstructing detailed 3d ionization distributions of nuclear recoils resulting from neutron-nucleus scattering. this provides event-by-event recoil direction and ionization energy, as well as high-quality particle identification; which together enable unique, low-background directional neutron measurements. we report on the first directional measurements of beam-induced neutron backgrounds in the superkekb e+e- accelerator tunnel, using a system of six compact gas tpcs with pixel asic readout. by rejecting large backgrounds of electron-recoils in these tpcs, we obtain high purity energy spectra and directional distributions of nuclear recoils, which are ultimately used to provide first experimental evidence toward a localized neutron production hotspot near the belle ii detector. this hotspot is predicted to produce the majority of neutrons originating outside of the belle ii detector, making it an important region to monitor and potentially shield in the future. in addition to the applications demonstrated here, recoil-imaging detectors are also of interest for future directional dark matter and neutrino experiments. this work was supported by the u.s. department of energy (doe) via award number de-sc0010504. | application of recoil-imaging time projection chambers to directional neutron background measurements at superkekb |
e12-14-012 at jefferson lab was conducted to measure the 40ar spectral function, s(k,e), through coincidence electron scattering 40ar(e,e'p). s(k,e) yields the probability of removing a nucleon of momentum k = |k| from the nuclear ground state, leaving the residual nuclear system with excitation energy e. e12-14-012 collected coincidence data from 40ar and 48ti, as well as inclusive data (e,e') from 12c, 48ti and 40ar. upcoming neutrino oscillation experiments, such as dune, will use liquid argon time projection chamber (lartpc) detectors, and hence an understanding of the argon nuclear ground state and its response to neutrino interactions is essential. a direct measurement of the coincidence (e,e'p) cross section on argon will provide the experimental input necessary to constrain the theoretical models used to calculate s(k,e), thus paving the way for a reliable estimate of the neutrino cross sections. after a brief introduction to the motivation and experimental details, the state of the analysis will be presented. supported in part by the doe office of science, office of nuclear physics, contract de-fg02-96er40950. | inclusive and exclusive electron scattering on 40ar and 48ti to aid precision neutrino oscillation experiments |
current and future generation neutrino oscillation experiments aim towards a high-precision measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters. to do so requires an unprecedented understanding of neutrino-nucleus scattering and an excellent reconstruction of the incoming neutrino energy. in this work, we utilize variables characterising kinematic imbalances in the plane transverse to an incoming neutrino, thus acting as a direct probe of nuclear effects such as final state interactions, fermi motion, and nucleon-nucleon correlations. we present our progress towards the first charged current differential cross-section with no final state pions and a single final state proton in these variables using data recorded by the microboone lartpc detector. these measurements will permit the community to better understand the impact of nuclear effects on observables useful to neutrino scattering, providing valuable constraints on the systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino oscillation and scattering measurements both in near future experiments such as the short baseline neutrino program as well as forthcoming experiments such as dune. this work was supported in part by the zuckerman stem leadership program. | towards 1 μ 1 p single transverse variable cross sections in μboone |
machine learning is a candidate for the next-generation reconstruction for neutrino experiments such as icecube. icecube is an ice-cherenkov neutrino detector embedded in a cubic kilometer of glacial ice in antarctica. the detector observes astrophysical and atmospheric neutrinos via the light emitted by charged particles produced in neutrino interactions with 5160 digital optical modules (dom). a typical νμ interaction (1tev ~100tev) originating inside the detector, namely the ``starting track'', is dominated by deep inelastic scattering which produces a hadronic cascade near the interaction vertex and a muon track. conventional reconstruction assumes continuous energy loss for ``starting track'' events in the hadronic cascades, leading to a generally underestimated energy reconstruction. correct clustering the hadronic cascade and track is crucial for improving the energy reconstruction. this study presents a graph convolutional network for semantic segmentation to distinguish the dom charges as cascade-like and track-like charges. | improving icecube event reconstruction using a graph convolutional network and semantic segmentation |
neutrino electron elastic scattering is a process with a precisely known cross-section that provides a standard candle for improving our knowledge about the neutrino flux in accelerator-based neutrino beams. this process also has a distinct experimental signature leveraging the kinematics of the scattering process that allows us to directly measure these events. the short baseline neutrino detector (sbnd) is a liquid argon time projection chamber (lartpc) detector situated along the booster neutrino beam (bnb) at fermilab. one of the dominant systematic uncertainty for the experiment is the neutrino flux, which arises from uncertainties in hadronic processes in the creation of the bnb. we demonstrate that by measuring these events we can constrain the normalization uncertainty on the neutrino flux. university of florida. | neutrino electron scattering for flux constraint on sbnd |
in 2020, super-kamiokande started introducing gadolinium sulfate into the detector in order to detect neutrons more efficiently (sk-gd) . one of the main purpose of sk-gd is the first observation of diffuse supernova neutrino background (dsnb) using inverse beta decay (ibd) events. in the sk-gd, we can distinguish the ibd from background which do not emit neutrons thanks to high efficiency of the neutron detection. neutral current quasierastic scattering (ncqe) by atmospheric neutrinos is one of the main background of dsnb search in sk-gd. ncqe interaction also emit neutrons, so this event cannot be distinguished from ibd by neutron detection. we have to estimate the number of ncqe events by simulation. however, the estimation has large uncertainty because the reaction of neutron with a few hundred's of mev via oxygen nucleus is poorly understood. therefore, we conducted the experiment which measure reaction of neutron and oxygen nucleus, at the research center for nuclear physics, osaka university on october 30, and december 16, 2018. in this experiment, neutrons with 250 mev and 30 mev are irradiated to water target, and gamma-rays emitted from the reaction were measured. as the result of this experiment, we extracted the probability of each gamma-ray emissions. in this presentation, the results of 250 mev experiment will be presented. jsps kakenhi grant number 20h00162. | measurement of neutron-oxygen interaction cross section using neutron beam for diffuse supernova neutrino background search |
neutrino-electron scattering is a purely leptonic fundamental interaction and therefore provides an important channel to test the standard model (sm), especially at the low energy-momentum transfer regime [1, 2]. in this study data on {\bar{v}}e-e and ve - e scattering from the texono and lsnd experiments, respectively, are used and constraints on neutrino non-stardard-interactions (nsi) couplings depending on model-independent approaches, which are described by a four-fermi point like interaction and depending on several beyond-standard-model-physics scenarios, mediated by massive intermediate particles including (1) an extra z-prime gauge boson, (2) a new light spin-1 boson (nls1b), (3) dark photon (dp), and (4) a charged higgs boson (chb), are placed via the neutrino-electron scattering channel to test the sm at a low energy-momentum transfer regime. the relevant parameter spaces are extended by allowing light mediators. | constraints on nonstandard neutrino interaction from neutrino electron scattering |
form factors defined by matrix elements of quark and gluon energy-momentum tensors are called gravitational form factors. they used to be considered as purely academic quantities without any experimental measurement because the gravitational interactions are extremely small in comparison with strong, electromagnetic, and weak interactions. however, due to recent developments of the hadron-tomography field, it became possible to determine these form factors from spacelike generalized parton distributions (gpds) and their s-t crossed ones, generalized distribution amplitudes (gdas). the gdas could be called timelike gpds. the spacelike and timelike gpds are investigated in charged-lepton-scattering processes and electron-positron collisions, typically, by deeply virtual compton scattering and two-photon processes, respectively [1]. in addition, hadron-accelerator [2] and neutrino [3] facility measurements will become possible in the near future. in this talk, i explain these gpd projects. s. kumano was partially supported by japan society for the promotion of science (jsps) grants-in-aid for scientific research (kakenhi) grant number 19k03830. | 3d tomography of hadrons with hadron and lepton beams |
accurately modeling the interactions of neutrinos with 16o is essential for neutrino experiments that employ (heavy) water cherenkov detectors. recent advances in the chiral-effective-field-theory description of nuclear forces and electroweak currents and in nuclear many-body theory have positioned us to obtain reliable predictions for u-16o cross sections up to the quasielastic kinematic regime. i will present recent results for inclusive response functions computed in coupled-cluster theory, which goes beyond the mean-field approximation to approach the exact numerical solution of the many-body schroedinger equation as a controlled expansion. i will discuss the prospect of providing vital theory support for controlling the systematic uncertainty in the future t2hk experiment in japan. supported by u.s. department of energy under contract no. de-ac02-07ch11359. | neutrino scattering off 16o in coupled-cluster theory |
we compare a new minerva measurement of the nucleon axial-vector form factor with lattice-qcd calculations and deuterium bubble-chamber data, provide uncertainty projections for future extractions, and present recent calculations of radiative corrections to charged-current (anti)neutrino-nucleon scattering. | nucleon axial-vector radius and form factor from lattice qcd, minerva antineutrino-proton data, and future neutrino experiments |
the scintillating bubble chamber (sbc) collaboration is exploring the dark matter and neutrino potential of liquid-noble bubble chambers. these detectors can observe sub-kev nuclear recoils while being blind to electronic recoils. the sbc-fermilab liquid argon chamber is currently being assembled for commissioning. once complete we will measure the detector's response to nuclear and electronic recoils. the nuclear recoil calibration plan combines photo-neutron sources with a precise thomson scattering calibration down to the 100 ev target threshold. i will show simulated results demonstrating that this calibration strategy can reach the 5% resolution necessary to probe bsm neutrino physics with a reactor cevns measurement. a thermal neutron capture calibration could complement the calibration by tagging events with scintillation light from decay gammas. the scintillation response and electronic recoil response will also be measured with gamma sources. with the scalable target volume, low nuclear recoil threshold, and electronic recoil rejection, the liquid noble bubble chamber is perfectly situated to observe reactor neutrino coherent elastic neutrino nuclear scattering (cevns). a future sbc-cevns reactor neutrino experiment using liquid argon and has the potential to achieve the highest statistics cevns measurement to date as well as the first definitive reactor cevns detection. this work is funded by the us department of energy. the fermilab chamber is partially funded by fermilab ldrd support. | the sbc experiment and calibration plan |
the strange quark contribution to proton's spin (δs) is a fundamental quantity that is poorly determined from current experiments. neutrino-proton elastic scattering (pes) is a promising channel to measure this quantity, and requires an intense source of low-energy neutrinos and a low-threshold detector with excellent resolution. in this paper, we propose that neutrinos from a galactic supernova and their interactions with protons in large-volume scintillation detectors can be utilized to determine δs. the spectra of all flavors of supernova neutrinos can be independently determined using a combination of dune and super-(hyper-)kamiokande. this allows us to predict pes event rates in juno and theia, and estimate δs by comparing with detected events. we find that the projected sensitivity for a supernova at 1 kpc (10 kpc), is approximately +/- 0.01(+/- 0.15). we also consider the possibility of measuring δs using neutronization burst, which is a robust prediction of supernova simulations. interestingly, the limits from a nearby supernova would be comparable to the results from lattice qcd, and better than polarized deep-inelastic scattering experiments. using supernova neutrinos provides a true q2 --> 0 measurement, and thus an axial-mass independent determination of δs. this work is supported in part by us department of energy grant de-sc-0010113. | using supernova neutrinos to probe the strange quark contribution to the proton spin |
coherent collaboration at the spallation neutrino source (sns) at ornl utilizing intensive low energy neutrino flux to measure various neutrino interactions. with the focus to study coherent elastic neutrino scattering (cevns). precise measurement of the cevns can test prediction of the standard model (sm) and look for hints of a new physics beyond sm. preset limitation for the experiment is knowledge of the neutrino flax which is based on theoretical calculations and presently estimated to have accuracy of 10%. we will describe a new heavy water detector which was recently commissioned at the sns with the goal to calibrate neutrino flux with accuracy up to 2-3%. doe de-sc0020267. | neutrino heavy water detector at the sns |
noble element detectors (two-phase emission detectors, liquid phase-only detectors, etc.) have many applications in modern research. for example, they are broadly used in dark matter registration, non-standard neutrino interactions searches and even standard model processes observation (for example, coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cevns) studies). modeling signal generation from these complicated interactions requires precise simulations. the main problem of modeling such phenomena is that various theoretical predictions are inconsistent with each other and compared to experimental data. the noble element simulation technique (nest) provides a semi-empirical solution for modeling xenon and argon detector response by combining theoretical models (such as lindhard and its variations) and actual experimental data. nest can simulate not only the median scintillation and ionization yields for various interaction types, fields (including zero field) and energies (from sub-kev to tens of mev), but also detector-specific response (electron extraction efficiency, basic waveforms, electron drift speed in liquid/gas phase, etc.). currently, nest exists in three forms: as a geant4 library, a separate c++ package, and a standalone python package (nestpy). at this talk, recent nest updates will be discussed and future plans will be presented. | the noble element simulation technique (nest): recent updates and improvements |
different reactions channels induced by the 18o + 40ca collisions at 275 mev incident energy are simultaneously measured and analysed consistently within the same reaction and structure frameworks within the numen project. the project aims to provide data-driven information for the determination of the nuclear matrix elements involved in the neutrinoless double beta decay. in particular, the elastic and inelastic scattering, one- and two-proton transfer, one-neutron transfer, and single charge exchange reactions are explored. the full quantum-mechanical calculations, performed by including microscopic nuclear structure inputs, describe well all the experimental data, giving support to a multi-channel strategy for the analysis of heavy-ion induced direct reactions. | the numen project: probing nuclear response to weak interaction by nuclear reactions |
a relativistic model for quasielastic (qe) lepton-nucleus scattering is presented. the effects of final-state interactions (fsi) between the ejected nucleon and the residual nucleus are described in the relativistic green's function (rgf) model where fsi are consistently described with exclusive scattering using a complex optical potential. the results of the model are compared with experimental results of electron and neutrino scattering. | quasielastic scattering with the relativistic green's function approach |
the impact of the emission of new light gauge bosons in neutrino-nucleus scattering on the observed signal is studied. as an example, a model with a neutral vector boson z' with a mass of a few tens of mev, interacting with neutrinos via the v - a current, is considered. an equivalent z' boson spectrum for neutrinos is introduced. the corresponding correction to the total neutrino-nucleus scattering cross section as a function of the collision energy is calculated. this correction for several values of the model parameters allowed by the existing experimental bounds is presented. | lepton pair production in neutrino-nucleus scattering |
there have been a large number of important discoveries in the field of experimental high energy physics over the past fifty years. some of the important milestones are (1) discovery of the neutral current to establish the first step of the electroweak theory; (2) evidence of charm and beauty through the search of quarkonia and multi-muon events in deep inelastic scattering; (3) discovery of the third generation through the discovery of the tau lepton; (4) evidence of bjorken scale breaking to initiate quantum chromodynamics, the theory of strong interaction; (5) observation of parton (quark) showers in the formation of jets and discovery of gluons; (6) discovery of the w and z bosons, the mediators of the weak interaction; (7) precision measurements of the properties of the w and the z bosons to establish the correctness of radiative corrections and to predict of yet to be discovered particles like the top quark and the higgs boson; (8) discovery of the top quark and the tau neutrino; (9) establishing neutrino oscillation and thereby massive neutrinos; (10) finding cp violation in the decays of hadrons from the third generation of quarks; (11) discovery of the higgs boson. during this process, the field of experimental high energy physics also experienced revolutions in the detection techniques, triggering and data acquisition systems and finally the use of new analysis techniques like detector simulation and artificial intelligence. some of these important discoveries will be outlined in this paper. | fifty years of experimental high energy physics |
the coherent experiment is designed for a first measurement and n2 dependence study of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cevns) at the oak ridge spallation neutron source (sns). cevns is a standard model process that is important in understanding supernova neutrinos, the structure of the weak interaction and backgrounds for dark matter searches. the coherent collaboration is placing a suite of detector technologies in a basement location at the sns: 14 kg csi[na] crystals; 185 kg nai crystals; 35 kg single-phase lar; 10kg high-purity, point contact ge. previous attempts to measure the cevns process have grappled with very high background rates. one class of troublesome backgrounds is accelerator-correlated neutrons because a simple accelerator on/off background subtraction procedure fails to remove these events. the collaboration has completed a comprehensive background study in the basement region where the experiments are located. we conclude from these studies that the neutron background is sufficiently low for successful cevns measurement in the sns basement region. neutron measurements from the indiana university scibath detector and the sandia neutron scatter camera are presented here. | background studies for the coherent experiment at the spallation neutron source |
the coherent neutrino-nucleus interaction experiment (connie) uses fully depleted high-resistivity ccds as particle detectors with the goal of measuring the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cenns) of reactor antineutrinos with silicon nuclei. the connie detector operates at a distance of 30m from the core of the angra ii 3.8 gw nuclear reactor in brazil. the detector has demonstrated stable operation, low noise of less than 2e- rms, and low background contamination levels. cenns provides a test of the standard model (sm) and may be a probe of physics beyond the sm. also, in astrophysics, understanding the coherent interaction is relevant for the energy transport in supernovae and is a limiting factor in ongoing efforts for developing new supernovae models. on the other hand there has been a growing interest in recent years on nuclear reactor monitoring using neutrinos and ccds could make compact/portable detectors. in this talk, the current status of the experiment will be presented together with the recent results after two years of data taking. the talk will also cover our constraints to more exotic models like the neutrino magnetic moment. we will also discuss the prospects of neutrino detection with ccds for the upcoming years using the skipper ccd technology. | the coherent neutrino-nucleus interaction experiment |
the minerva experiment is designed to measure neutrino cross sections for different nuclei using substantially similar fiducial and tracking environments. this allows for reduced systematics in the ratio to better see the evolution of the cross section with the size of the nucleus. the first such result is an inclusive charged current cross section ratio as a function of energy from and the kinematic quantity bjorken x for nuclei pb, fe, and c relative to plastic scintillator ch. the measurement is made for neutrino energies from 2 to 20 gev. in the past, charged lepton scattering ratios of heavier nuclei to deuterium have revealed interesting structure such as the emc effect. these ratios were restricted to purely deep inelastic scattering data whereas these ratios to different nuclei in minerva are sensitive to the elastic scattering as well as resonance production regions. significant deviations from the baseline scattering model are observed, and suggest new theory work to investigate these ratios. | minerva measurement of neutrino charged-current cross section ratios of nuclei c, fe, and pb to ch at energies of a few gev |
a quantum chromodynamics (qcd)‑based analysis of the neutrino structure functions xf2, xf3, and δxf3 for charged current and neutral neutrino deep inelastic scattering (dis) is performed focusing on high‑energy and high‑precision neutrino experiments. the investigation is done taking into account the color dipole formalism, considering a wide region of the kinematic variables bjorken‑x, and boson virtuality q2. we consider the state of the art on the dipole cross‑section, which describes successfully the deep inelastic inclusive and exclusive production. the theoretical predictions will be compared with the prospects for future experimental projects in the small‑x region, for instance, the neutrino scattering experiments neutrino scattering on glass and minerva. | neutrino structure functions predictions for high‑energy and high‑precision neutrino experiments |
microboone is a liquid argon time projection chamber detector that has been taking data since 2015. one of its primary goals is to investigate the unexplained excess of electromagnetic events in the lowest energy ranges observed in the same neutrino beam line in the miniboone experiment. while one leading interpretation of this anomaly is electron neutrino appearance due to sterile neutrino oscillations, a viable standard model explanation is neutrino-induced single photon events. the microboone single photon analysis looks to test this interpretation by measuring the rate of neutrino-induced resonant neutral current (nc) delta baryon production and subsequent delta radiative decay with a single photon in the final state, nc δ --> nγ . this search for a process that has never been observed before in neutrino scattering is projected to improve upon the current experimental limit from t2k by greater than a factor of thirty. this talk will present the status of the microboone single photon analysis and the outlook for subsequent measurements. | microboone's search for a photon-like low energy excess |
minerva is a neutrino scattering experiment stationed in the high intensity numi beam line at fermilab, designed to measure neutrino cross sections, final states and nuclear effects on a variety of targets in the few-gev region to reduce systematic uncertainties in oscillation experiments and provide new understanding of the nucleus. here we present the current minerva results for inclusive charged current neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering in the active region of the detector and different neutrino cross section ratios with different nuclear targets. | charged current inclusive measurements in minerνa |
neutrino-nucleus coherent pion production is a rare neutrino scattering process where the squared four-momentum transferred to the nucleus is small, a lepton and pion are produced in the forward direction, and the nucleus remains in its initial state. this process is an important background in neutrino oscillation experiments. measurements of coherent pion production are needed to constrain models which are used to predict coherent pion production in oscillation experiments. this thesis reports measurements of muon neutrino and muon antineutrino charged current coherent pion production on carbon for neutrino energies in the range 2 to 20 gev. the measurements were made using data from minernua, which is a dedicated neutrino-nucleus scattering experiment that uses a fine-grained scintillator tracking detector in the high-intensity numi neutrino beam at fermilab. coherent interactions were isolated from the data using only model-independent signatures of the reaction, which are a forward muon and pion, no evidence of nuclear breakup, and small four-momentum transfer to the nucleus. the measurements were compared to the coherent pion production model used by oscillation experiments. the data and model agree in the total interaction rate and are similar in the dependence of the interaction rate on the squared four-momentum transferred from the neutrino. the data and model disagree significantly in the pion kinematics. the measured muon neutrino and muon antineutrino interaction rates are consistent, which supports the model prediction that the neutrino and antineutrino interaction rates are equal. | measurement of charged current coherent pion production by neutrinos on carbon at minernua |
the microboone experiment is a 170 ton liquid argon time projection chamber (lartpc) experiment designed for short-baseline neutrino physics, located at surface level in the booster neutrino beam (bnb) at fermilab. a muon neutrino-argon charged current (cc) cross section measurement in the energy range of ∼200 mev - 2 gev has recently been started. these proceedings describe our first steps to understand the potential of microboone to distinguish between di?erent theories for modeling nuclear effects in neutrino scattering and the interaction model systematics that apply to microboone measurements (in particular to the muon neutrino cc event selection), before the first neutrino-argon cross sections can be derived. | model uncertainties at microboone |
the coherent experiment at the oak ridge national laboratory (ornl) spallation neutron source (sns) is designed to measure coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (cevns), which is predicted to occur, but has yet to be observed. a variety of detectors, with different scattering nuclei, will be used to demonstrate the n2 dependence of the cevns process. coherent has deployed a 14 kg csi crystal, a 185 kg nai crystal array, and a 28 kg lar detector and will deploy 10 kg ppc hpge in late 2017. the cenns-10 lar detector is a cylindrical single-phase scintillation-only device with two 8'' photomultiplier tubes (pmts) at the top and bottom of the detector and a tetraphenyl butadiene-coated cylinder inside the lar volume between the pmts as a wavelength shifter that makes up the fiducial volume. cenns-10 recently completed a first run in may 2017 and summer 2017 activities include an upgrade to improve the light collection ability of the detector through the use of improved wavelength shifting techniques before the next run. the improvement and status of cenns-10 will be presented along with the future of the liquid argon program for coherent. | status of the cenns-10 liquid argon detector for the coherent experiment |
the two-phase emission detector red-100 with 130 kg of liquid xenon as a working medium has been exhibited at a distance of 19 m from the core of the vver-1000/320 nuclear power reactor at the fourth power unit of the kalinin nuclear plant power in 2021–2022. due to the high sensitivity of the detector for weak ionization signals (down to single electrons), the detector has been used to search for the elastic coherent scattering of reactor electron antineutrinos off xenon nuclei. however, the observation of ~30 khz single-electron noise did not quite allow for an effective selection of the useful events. the next experiment with the red-100 detector is considered to be arranged with 62 kg of liquid argon as a working medium. the advantages of this approach are discussed in this paper. | using the two-phase emission detector red-100 at npp to study coherent elastic neutrinos scattering off nuclei |
we investigate non-standard interactions of neutrinos with atomic nuclei through excitations of leptoquarks. a leptoquark term in the lagrangian admits the possibility that neutrinos interact with gluons. the current lower limits on the leptoquark masses are of the order of 1 tev depending on the leptoquark quantum numbers and couplings. such heavy states can be produced in ultra-high energy cosmic neutrino scattering processes. the four-momentum transfer squared and the bjorken variable simultaneously probed in these processes may reach values kinematically inaccessible at present collider experiments. we study the impact of the gluon density in a nucleus on the cross section for the neutrino-induced leptoquark production. we show that taking into account the nuclear parton distributions shifts the production threshold to significantly lower neutrino energies. as a particular case we consider the interaction with oxygen, which is abundant in water targets used in neutrino detection experiments. | impact of nuclear gluon distributions on leptoquark production by neutrinos |
coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (ceυns) is a novel technique to look for new physics beyond the standard model. we study the prospects of probing a transition magnetic moment in cevns experiments. showing the nucleus experiment as an example, we demonstrate that properties of a potential sterile neutrino can be deduced. | transition neutrino magnetic moments in cevns |
precise knowledge of the nucleon's axial-current form factors is crucial for modeling gev-scale neutrino-nucleus interactions. however, these form factors remain insufficiently constrained to meet the precision requirements of upcoming long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiments. in this talk, i will discuss our recent study of the axial pseudo-vector elastic form factor, using the light-front approach to build a quark-diquark model of the nucleon with an explicit pion cloud. the model is first calibrated to existing experimental information on the nucleon's electromagnetic form factors, and then used to predict the axial form factor. we use our form factor results to explore the (quasi-)elastic scattering of neutrinos by (nuclei)nucleons. based on this exploration, i will address the inadequacy of the widely-implemented dipole ansatz for modeling neutrino scattering processes: the ansatz leads to a 5-10% over-estimation of the total cross section, depending on the (anti)neutrino energy, and over-estimations of similar size in the flux-averaged cross sections for the upcoming dune long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiment. supported by the doe. | unified model of nucleon elastic form factors and implications for neutrino-oscillation experiments |
ship is a new general purpose fixed target facility, whose technical proposal has been recently reviewed by the cern sps committee, who recommended that the experiment proceeds further to a comprehensive design phase. in its initial phase, the 400 gev proton beam extracted from the sps will be dumped on a heavy target with the aim of integrating 2 × 1020 pot in 5 years. a dedicated detector downstream of the target will allow to probe a variety of models with light long-lived exotic particles and masses below a few gev/c2. another dedicated detector will allow the study of neutrino cross-sections and angular distributions, which was the focus of the poster. ντ deep inelastic scattering cross sections will be measured with a statistics 1000 times larger than currently available, with the extraction of the f 4 and f 5 structure functions, never measured so far and allow for new tests of lepton non-universality with sensitivity to bsm physics. moreover, ντ ’s will be distinguished from {\displaystyle \bar{ν }}τ ’s, thus providing the first observation of the {\displaystyle \bar{ν }}τ . with νµ scattering it will be possible to reduce by about 50% the current uncertainty on the strange content of the nucleon in the range of the x variable between 0.05 and 0.3, complementary to lhc measurements. the detector will be based on several techniques developed for the opera experiment at lngs. | ship: a new facility with a dedicated detector for studying tau-neutrino properties and nucleon structure functions |
the coherent neutrino scattering with nuclei provides a novel way to measure the distribution of neutrons in nuclei. this interaction has been theoretically predicted more than 40 years ago, but the difficulty of measuring the very small nuclear recoil made possible its experimental observation only in 2017 by the coherent experiment. using the coherent data, we are able to determine for the first time the average radius of the neutron distributions of the caesium and iodine nuclei, which turns out to be of about 5.5 millionths of a nanometer. it was also possible to evaluate the so called "neutron skin", which is the difference between the radii of the neutron and proton distributions. in the present poster, the measurement of the neutron radius and the neutron skin from coherent data will be presented, and the implications in nuclear physics, astrophysics and the cosmology will be elaborated. | average csi neutron density distribution from coherent data |
neutrino factories have been identified as the best facility for making precision measurements of neutrino oscillation physics. to fully realize this technology, a demonstration of the reduction of the phase space of a muon beam must be presented. the muon ionization cooling experiment (mice) is tasked with providing such a demonstration. ionization cooling uses the energy loss in a low z material followed by acceleration in rf cavities to reduce the phase space of a beam on a time scale many times less than the time scale of muon decay. multiple coulomb scattering (mcs) simultaneously inflates the muon beam and so the interplay between energy loss and mcs must be well understood. unfortunately mcs is not well simulated in the materials of interest in the geant monte carlo program. a programme has commenced for mice to measure mcs in several materials of interest including lithium hydride, liquid hydrogen, and gaseous xenon. the experimental methods and early results will be presented. | measurements of muon multiple scattering in mice |
in this work we consider sub-leading $o(z^2\alpha^3)$ corrections to coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (cevns). these corrections are not negligible by power counting since nuclei with large coherent cross sections have sizeable nuclear charges e.g.\ $z\alpha \sim 0.4$. we find that the corrections are much smaller than naive power counting in $z\alpha$ would suggest and that coulomb corrections do not substantially alter predictions for cevns in the standard model. we comment on similarities to older literature on mesonic and muonic atoms. | coulomb corrections for coherent neutrino nucleus scattering |
the karlsruhe tritium neutrino experiment (katrin) aims to make a precision measurement of the tritium beta decay spectrum with a projected sensitivity to neutrino mass of 200 mev. meeting this goal requires low backgrounds in the beta decay endpoint region. in katrin, spatially confined charged particles represent a potential source of backgrounds and systematic errors. trapping conditions can occur in katrin's 10m diameter main spectrometer due to the high magnetic and electrostatic fields required to momentum analyze the electrons. backgrounds are generated by trapped particles due to scattering off residual gas in the spectrometer causing negative ions to be accelerated towards katrin's detector system. additionally, systematic errors in the neutrino mass measurement can be caused by the electrostatic field generated by trapped electrons. to search for these conditions, the spectrometer was probed by a monoenergetic electron source to determine trapping probabilities as a function of the applied electric and magnetic fields. we acknowledge the support of the german helmholtz association, the german ministry for education and research, the helmholtz alliance for astroparticle physics, the grant agency of the czech republic, and the us department of energy. | penning trap searches in the katrin main spectrometer |
minerνa is a neutrino scattering experiment that uses fermilab's numi beamline. its goal is to measure cross-sections for neutrino scattering from different nuclei. precise knowledge of these cross-sections is vital for current and future neutrino oscillation experiments. in order to measure these values to a high degree of accuracy, it is essential that the detector be carefully calibrated. here, we describe in-situ calibration and cross-checks. | minerνa neutrino detector calibration |
nuclear short-range correlations (srcs), i.e. the probability of finding few nucleons close to each other inside the nucleus, are an integral part of the description of nuclear systems, important for neutrino studies, neutron-star structure and for the bound nucleon structure function. high-energy electron scattering is the main experimental technique to probe srcs, while ab-initio calculations are mostly limited to nuclear distributions of light nuclei. to study the properties of srcs and bridge the gap between experimental and ab-initio studies, we developed a new theory, called the generalized contact formalism. in this talk we will present the original contact formalism, designed for atomic systems, and our generalization for nuclear systems. using this formalism, we have been able to obtain a comprehensive picture of two-body srcs, identifying and quantifying their effects on various nuclear quantities. among these quantities are momentum distributions, two-body densities, the spectral function, the coulomb sum-rule, photo absorption rates and electron scattering cross sections. describing all these quantities and reactions in a single framework allows confronting electron scattering src data with ab-initio nuclear structure calculations and different nucleon-nucleon interactions. the contact formalism has also become an important tool used directly by leading experimental groups to simulate their experiments and analyze their data, leading to new insights based on more detailed and more accurate experimental data. | the generalized contact formalism and short-range correlations in nuclei |
reliable modeling of quasielastic (qe) lepton scattering on nuclei is of great interest to neutrino oscillations experiments, especially at low values of the 3-momentum transfer q. we report on a phenomenological analysis of the world's qe electron scattering data on carbon within the framework of the superscaling model (including pauli blocking). we find that at low values of q there is extra suppression of the qe cross section beyond the expected suppression from pauli blocking. the total suppression is larger than the minimum suppression predicted by the coulomb sum rule. research supported by the u.s. department of energy under university of rochester grant number de-sc0008475. | experimental investigation of low q2 quasielastic electron scattering on carbon |
distinct approaches for the treatment of single-photon production in neutrino neutral-current interactions with hadrons at low and intermediate energies have been proposed over the last decades, mainly motivated by the fact that this process is one of the main backgrounds in νμ→νe oscillation experiments. such approaches disregard the contribution of the pomeron (p ) exchange, which becomes dominant at high energies. in this paper, the dipole formalism is extended for the exclusive photon production in the z0-proton interactions at high energies and the contribution associated with the pomeron exchange is estimated. results for the squared transverse momentum distribution and total cross section are presented considering different models for the dipole-proton scattering amplitude, which imply a steep increase of the cross section with the energy. | single-photon production in neutrino-hadron interactions at high energies |
nova is a 14 kton long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment currently being installed in the numi off-axis neutrino beam produced at fermilab. a 222 ton prototype noνa detector was built and operated in the neutrino beam for over a year to understand the response of the detector and its construction. muon neutrino interaction data collected in this test are being analyzed to identify quasi-elastic charged-current interactions and measure the behavior of the quasi-elastic muon neutrino cross section. | study of quasi-elastic scattering in the noνa near detector prototype |
the xenonnt experiment is a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber. beyond its primary science goal to detect wimp dark matter, xenonnt will be highly sensitive to a variety of rare neutrino processes. with a few hundred kilograms of xenon-136 in the fiducial volume, we will search for hints of neutrinoless double beta decay. through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, xenonnt will measure solar boron-8 neutrinos and potentially neutrinos from the next galactic supernova. a significant number of solar pp neutrino interactions are expected to give electronic recoil signatures near the energy range where xenon1t observed an excess of events. in this talk, i will give an overview of the impressive capability of the xenonnt detector to observe rare neutrino phenomena. nsf acsend postdoctoral fellowship. | neutrino interactions in xenonnt |
a successful cevns measurement requires a large neutrino flux, low backgrounds, and a detector sensitive to low energy nuclear recoils. nuclear reactors offer a free flux of ~mev neutrinos and an off-reactor data set allows for subtraction of non-reactor backgrounds. the scintillating bubble chamber (sbc) collaboration is currently constructing a 10-kg liquid argon scintillating bubble chamber at fermilab. the detector has the potential to be sensitive to 100-ev nuclear recoils while remaining highly insensitive to electron recoil backgrounds. in addition, silicon photomultipliers (sipm) can measure scintillation light to maximize background rejection for nuclear recoils. nearly mono-energetic photoneutron sources can calibrate the detector for nuclear recoils below 8 kev and gamma sources can use thomson scattering to probe the nucleation efficiency function near the targeted 100-ev threshold. this talk presents a physics reach analysis of such a detector for reactor cevns experiments, including sensitivities to: the weak mixing angle, neutrino magnetic moment, and a light z gauge boson mediator. world leading sensitivities could be achieved with a 1 year exposure of a 100-ev detector 3 m from a 1 mwth research reactor. department of energy office of science, office of high energyphysics grant no. de-sc0017815. | physics reach of a reactor cevns liquid argon sbc |
recently a new formalism to describe charged-current (cc) neutrino-nucleus reactions has been developed (krmpotić et al., phys rev c 71:044319, 2005). here, we have extended this model to describe neutrino-nucleus reactions via neutral-current (nc). as the weak interaction observables showed to be very sensitive to the structure of nuclear states, the use of microscopic nuclear structure models in a consistent theoretical framework are therefore essential for a quantitative description of neutrino-nucleus reactions. in previous calculations, we described the nuclear part of these charge-exchange reactions within the projected pn-qrpa (pqrpa) and usual pn-qrpa. in this work, we implemented the charge-conserving qrpa (ccqrpa), taking into account the proton-proton, neutron-neutron and proton-neutron pairing correlations. we evaluated inelastic neutrino-nucleus cross sections for 12c and 40ar comparing to other nuclear models in the literature. the cross sections for 12c are folded by michel spectrum, where a good agreement between our result and the experimental data for 12c (ν,ν ')12c∗ [1+,1 ;15.1 mev] (drexlin et al., in proceedings of the neutrino workshop, heidelberg, 1987. springer-verlag, berlin, 1987; drexlin et al., phys lett b 267:321, 1991; zeitnitz, prog part nucl phys 32:351, 1994; kleinfellner et al., in proceedings of the xiii international conference on particles and nuclei, perugia, italy, 1993) is achieved. for 40ar, the competition between gamow-teller (gt) and dipole transitions showed to be an important ingredient to understand these reactions, that appears as the backgrounds to neutrinos appearance in the far detector in dune experiment. | neutral-current neutrino-nucleus scattering within qrpa models |
we discuss the two most recent global analyses of nuclear parton distribution functions within the ncteq approach. lhc data on $w/z$-boson, single-inclusive hadron and heavy quark/quarkonium production are shown to not only significantly reduce the gluon uncertainty down to $x\geq10^{-5}$, but to also influence the strange quark density. the latter is further constrained by neutrino deep-inelastic scattering and charm dimuon production data, whose consistency with neutral-current experiments is also re-evaluated. | global analyses of nuclear pdfs with heavy-quark and neutrino data |
the nucleus experiment aims to perform a high-precision measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (cevns) at the edf chooz b nuclear power plant in france. cevns is a unique process to study neutrino properties and to search for physics beyond the standard model. the study of cevns is also important for light dark-matter searches. it could be a possible irreducible background for high-sensitivity dark-matter searches. nucleus is an experiment under construction based on ultra-low threshold (20 evnr) cryogenic calorimeters, operated at tens-of-mk temperatures. | exploring coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering of reactor neutrinos with the nucleus experiment |
we report on our study of photon emission induced by eν ∼ 1 gev (anti)neutrino neutral current interactions with nucleons and nuclei. this process is an important background for νe appearance oscillation experiments. at the relevant energies, the reaction is dominated by the excitation of the δ(1232) resonance but there are also non-resonant contributions that, close to threshold, are fully determined by the effective chiral lagrangian of strong interactions. we have obtained differential and integrated cross section for the (anti)neutrino-nucleon scattering and compare them with previous results. furthermore, we have extended the model to nuclear targets taking into account fermi motion, pauli blocking and the in-medium modifications of the δ properties. this study is important in order to reduce systematic effects in neutrino oscillation experiments. | photon emission in neutral current interactions with nucleons and nuclei |
we consider an extension of zee-babu model to explain the smallness of neutrino masses. (1) we extend the lepton number symmetry of the original model to local $b-l$ symmetry. (2) we introduce three dirac dark matter candidates with flavor-dependent $b-l$ charges. after the spontaneous breaking of $b-l$, a discrete symmetry $z_6$ remains, which guarantees the stability of dark matter. then the model can explain the 3.5 kev x-ray line signal with decaying dark matter. we also introduce a real scalar field which is singlet under both the sm and $u(1)_{b-l}$ and can explain the current relic abundance of the dirac fermionic dms. if the mixing with the sm higgs boson is small, it does not contribute to dm direct detection. the main contribution to the scattering of dm off atomic nuclei comes from the exchange of $u(1)_{b-l}$ gauge boson, $z'$, and is suppressed below current experimental bound when $z'$ mass is heavy ($\gtrsim 10$ tev). if the singlet scalar mass is about 0.1--10 mev, dm self-interaction can be large enough to solve small scale structure problems in simulations with the cold dm, such as, the core-vs-cusp problem and too-big-to-fail problem. | radiative neutrino mass and 3.5 kev x-ray line |
superscaling model (susa) predictions to neutrino-induced charged-current π+ production in the δ-resonance region are explored under miniboone experimental conditions. the susa charged-current π+ results are in good agreement with data on neutrino flux-averaged double-differential cross sections. the susa model for quasielastic scattering and its extension to the pion production region are used for predictions of charged-current inclusive neutrino-nucleus cross sections. results are also compared with the t2k experimental data for inclusive scattering. | charged-current inclusive neutrino cross sections in the superscaling model |
the spallation neutron source (sns) at oak ridge national laboratory, tennessee, provides an intense isotropic flux of neutrinos in the few tens-of-mev range, with a sharply-pulsed timing structure which is beneficial for background rejection. this talk will describe aspects of coherent, the experimental program underway to measure cevns (coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering) using low-energy nuclear recoil detectors. | coherent at the spallation neutron source |
the experimental program to search for the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at the spallation neutron source is presented. | coherent neutrino scattering |
after highlighting the importance of neutrino cross section modeling for neutrino oscillation measurements, the most recent neutrino cross section measurements are presented. new preliminary results are available from t2k for the measurement of charged current interactions on carbon without pions in the final state, single pion production in water, coherent pion production in carbon and charged current inclusive interactions in carbon as a function of neutrino energy. few other results already published by the minerva and t2k collaborations are also discussed. | experimental status of neutrino scattering |
the electron-neutrino charged-current quasielastic (ccqe) cross section on nuclei is an important input parameter to appearance-type neutrino oscillation experiments. current experiments typically work from the muon neutrino cross section and apply corrections from theoretical arguments to obtain a prediction for the electron neutrino cross section, but to date there has been no experimental verification of the estimates for this channel at an energy scale appropriate to such experiments. we present the first measurement of an exclusive reaction in few-gev electron neutrino interactions, namely, the cross section for a ccqe-like process, made using the minerva detector. the result is given as differential cross-sections vs. the electron energy, electron angle, and square of the four-momentum transferred to the nucleus, $q^2$. we also compute the ratio to a muon neutrino cross-section in $q^2$ from minerva. we find satisfactory agreement between this measurement and the predictions of the genie generator. | electron neutrino charged-current quasielastic scattering in the minerva experiment |
selected theoretical developments in neutrino-nucleus scattering in 2015-2016 are reviewed. | recent developments in neutrino-nucleus scattering (theory) |
germanium detectors with sub-kev sensitivities can probe low-mass wimp dark matter. this experimental approach is pursued at kuo-sheng neutrino laboratory (ksnl) in taiwan and at china jinping underground laboratory (cjpl) in china via texono and cdex programs, respectively. the highlights of r&d efforts on point contact germanium detectors and in particular the differentiation of surface and bulk events by pulse shape analysis are described. the latest results on wimp-nucleon scattering cross-sections are also presented. some of the allowed parameter space implied by other experiments are probed and excluded. | point contact germanium detectors at 500 evee threshold for light dark matter searches |
in this work, we have discussed the recent developments that have taken place to understand the differences in the weak $f_{2a}^{weak} (x,q^2)$ and electromagnetic $f_{2a}^{em} (x,q^2)$ nuclear structure functions. also we present the results of our work on nuclear medium effects on $f_{2a}^{weak} (x,q^2)$ and $f_{2a}^{em} (x,q^2)$ for a wide range of $x$ and $q^2$. these results have been obtained using a microscopic nuclear model, where to incorporate nuclear medium effects, fermi motion, binding energy, nucleon correlations, mesonic contributions from pion and rho mesons and shadowing effects are considered. the calculations are performed in local density approximation using relativistic nucleon spectral function. we have also compared the theoretical results with the recent experimental data on electromagnetic and weak structure functions. furthermore, we have studied the nuclear medium effects in drell-yan(dy) process and present the results for differential cross section, and the results are compared with the data of e772 experiment. | medium effects in the deep-inelastic charged lepton/neutrino-a scattering |
in order to make precision measurements of gev-scale neutrino oscillations a detailed understanding of both gev-scale neutrino-nucleon scattering cross sections and nuclear effects are essential. to achieve this, many of the latest analyses at the t2k off-axis near detector (nd280) complement existing results by utilising new techniques to measure muon neutrino charged-current interactions without pions in the final state (cc0$\pi$ interactions). these techniques include water subtraction to obtain a double-differential cross section on oxygen and measurements of differential cross sections using proton kinematics or composite proton-muon variables (such as single transverse kinematic imbalance). in this work these latest cc0$\pi$ measurements are presented with a view to demonstrating their potential to provide complementary precision cross-section measurements and innovative probes of nuclear effects.} | results and prospects of the latest $\\nu_\\mu$cc0$\\pi$ analyses from the t2k near detectors |
we reviewed present status regarding experimental data and theoretical approaches for neutrino-induced reactions and neutrino scattering. with a short introduction of relevant data, our recent calculations by distorted-wave born approximation for quasielastic region are presented for miniboone data. for much higher energy neutrino data, such as nomad data, elementary process approach was shown to be useful instead of using complicated nuclear models. but, in the low energy region, detailed nuclear structure model, such as qrpa and shell model, turn out to be inescapable to explain the reaction data. finally, we discussed that one step-process in the reaction is comparable to the two-step process, which has been usually used in the neutrino-nucleosynthesis. | neutrino-induced reactions and neutrino scattering with nuclear targets |
this work presents the complete modeling scheme of production and detection of two types of light dark matter (ldm)—dirac fermionic and scalar particles—in a fixed target experiment using ship experiment as an example. the drell-yan process was chosen as a channel of ldm production; the deep inelastic scattering on lead nuclei was simulated and analyzed in the detector; the production of secondary particles was modeled with the aid of pythia6 toolkit. obtained observable parameters of secondary particles produced in events associated with ldm were compared with the background neutrino events that were simulated using genie toolkit. the yield of ldm events was calculated with various model parameter values. using machine learning methods, a classifier that is able to distinguish ldm events from neutrino background events based on the observed parameters with high precision has been developed. | possibilities of detecting light dark matter produced via drell-yan channel in a fixed target experiment |
it is well-known that neutrino-electron scattering at low recoil energies provides sensitivity gain in constraining neutrinos’ magnetic moments and their possible milli-charges. however, in detectors with sub-kev thresholds, the binding effects of electrons become significant. in this talk, we present our recent works of applying ab initio calculations to germanium ionization by neutrinos at low energies. compared with the conventional differential cross section formulae that were used to derive current experimental bounds, our results with less theoretical uncertainties set a more reliable bound on the neutrino magnetic moment and a more stringent bound on the neutrino milli-charge with current reactor antineutrino data taken from germanium detectors. | atomic ionization by neutrinos at low energies |
recent experiments in high enegry cosmic ray physics, pamela and ams-02, excite a new interest to the mechanisms of generation of galactic antiparticles. in spite of the fact that global picture coincides with the predictions of the standard model, there are some black spots stimulating scientists to involve into research a particularly new physics like dark matter. in the present work, we make an attempt to estimate the impact of standard neutrino processes into the total flux of secondary antiprotons detected by contemporary experiments. | evaluation of the antiproton flux from the antineutrino electron scattering |
a direct wimp (weakly interacting massive particle) detector with a neutron veto system is designed to better reject neutrons. an experimental configuration is studied in the present paper: 984 ge modules are placed inside a reactor neutrino detector. in order to discriminate between nuclear and electron recoil, both ionization and heat signatures are measured using cryogenic germanium detectors in this detection. the neutrino detector is used as a neutron veto device. the neutron background for the experimental design has been estimated using the geant4 simulation. the results show that the neutron background can decrease to o(0.01) events per year per tonne of high purity germanium. we calculate the sensitivity to spin-independent wimp-nucleon elastic scattering. an exposure of one tonne × year could reach a cross-section of about 2×10-11 pb. | evaluation of neutron background in cryogenic germanium target for wimp direct detection when using reactor neutrino detector as neutron veto |
the beta-decay paul trap (bpt) at argonne national lab measures the beta-neutrino angular correlation coefficient aβνin the decay of li-8 and b-8 to search for a tensor contribution to the weak interaction, a beyond-standard model possibility. the bpt has an ultimate measurement goal of 0.1% uncertainty in aβν. a new bpt mk. iv has been built and will be commissioned in winter 2022 with li-8. this new trap reduces systematic uncertainties associated with electron scattering and features other improvements. this talk will present the final design of the trap and results of the commissioning experiment, with preliminary expectations for new limits from a li-8 data run in spring 2022. the authors acknowledge the u.s. doe under contract no. de-ac02-06ch11357 [anl] and de-ac52-07na27344 [llnl], the nsf under grant no. phy-1713857 and dge-1746045, and nserc (canada) under application no. sappj-2018-00028. | beta-decay paul trap mk. iv commissioning |
ship is an experiment to look for very weakly interacting particles at a new to be constructed beam-dump facility at the cern sps. the ship technical proposal has been submitted to the cern sps committee in april 2015. the 400 gev/c proton beam extracted from the sps will be dumped on a heavy target with the aim of integrating 2 × 1020 proton on target in five years. a detector located downstream of the target, based on a long vacuum tank followed by a spectrometer and particle identification detectors, will allow probing a variety of models with light long-lived exotic particles and masses below a few gev/c2. the main focus will be the physics of the so-called hidden portals, i.e. search for dark photons, light scalars and pseudo-scalars, and heavy neutral leptons (hnl). the sensitivity to hnl will allow for the first time to probe, in the mass range between the kaon and the charm meson mass, a coupling range for which baryogenesis and active neutrino masses could also be explained. integrated in ship is an emulsion cloud chamber, already used in the opera experiment, which will allow to study active neutrino cross-sections and angular distributions. in particular ship can distinguish between vτ and v¯τ, and their deep inelastic scattering cross sections will be measured with statistics three orders of magnitude larger than currently available. | ship: a new multipurpose beam-dump experiment at the sps |
in the decades-old quest to uncover the nature of the enigmatic dark matter, cryogenic detectors have reached unprecedented sensitivities. searching for tiny signals from dark matter particles scattering in materials cooled down to low temperatures, these experiments look out into space from deep underground. their ambitious goal is to discover non-gravitational interactions of dark matter and to scan the allowed parameter space until interactions from solar and cosmic neutrinos are poised to take over. | cryogenic dark matter searches |
this work studies the expected signal of dark matter particles in terrestrial detectors. in particular, we focus on the direct detection technique, based on the study of the scattering of dark matter particles by a nucleus in a detector. in the calculation, we have considered the dark matter model, the geographical location of the detector, and the neutrino background for the site. in this work, we have computed the expected detection rate and annual and diurnal modulations concerning the detection of wimps. the signal predictions were carried out for experiments that may be performed in the planned new underground facility andes (agua negra deepexperimental site), to be built in san juan, argentina. we also consider a response function and an efficiency similar to the xenon1t detector to get a more realistic signal approximation. there are only two direct dark matter detectors planned to settle in the southern hemisphere to this day. therefore, it is crucial to start modeling the signals and backgrounds to define the characteristics that improve dark matter detection in the andes laboratory. | dark matter signal for the future andes laboratory |
we perform a phenomenological analysis, where we combine a calculation of the strange quark electromagnetic form factor from lattice qcd with (anti)neutrino-nucleon scattering differential cross section data from miniboone experiments to determine the weak axial-vector form factor gaz(q2) . we show that the precise value of gaz(0) obtained from the lattice calculation greatly improves the precision of the form factor extraction. finally, we show that a consistent determination of the form factor from neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering data requires a non-zero contribution from the strange quark em form factor in the neutral current scattering process. | weak neutral-current axial-vector form factor and neutrino-nucleon scattering |
this thesis represents the first double differential measurement of quasi-elastic anti-neutrino scattering in the few gev range--a region of substantial theoretical and experimental interest as it is the kinematic region where studies of charge-parity (cp) violation in the neutrino sector most require precise understanding of the differences between anti-neutrino and neutrino scatter. this dissertation also presents total antineutrino-scintillator quasi-elastic cross sections as a function of energy, which is then compared to measurements from previous experiments. next-generation neutrino oscillation experiments, such as dune and hyper-kamiokande, hope to measure cp violation in the lepton sector. in order to do this, they must dramatically reduce their current levels of uncertainty, particularly those due to neutrino-nucleus interaction models. as cp violation is a measure of the difference between the oscillation properties of neutrinos and antineutrinos, data about how the less-studied antineutrinos interact is especially valuable. the measurement described herewith determines the nuclear and instrumental effects that must be understood to undertake precision neutrino physics. as well as being useful to help reduce oscillation experiments' uncertainty, this data can also be used to study the prevalence of various correlation and final-state interaction effects within the nucleus. in addition to being a substantial scientific advance, this thesis also serves as an outstanding introduction to the field of experimental neutrino physics for future students. | measurement of the antineutrino double-differential charged-current quasi-elastic scattering cross section at minerva |
although predictions for the magnetic moment of neutrino in the standard theory are far beyond the sensitivity of contemporary experiments, anomalously large neutrino magnetic moments would be of interest from the point of view of astrophysical consequences. electromagnetic neutrino interaction caused by the non-zero magnetic moment occurs, e.g., in the ν-e elastic scattering significantly contributing to the low-energy part of the cross section. this effect can be searched for in low background liquid scintillation detectors such as borexino. in this study, 1291.5 days of the second phase of the experiment are used in the analysis. the effective magnetic moment of solar neutrinos constrained using this data set is μv < 2.8 × 10-11μb. | limit on the effective magnetic moment of solar neutrinos from borexino phase-ii data |
the numen project aims to measure specific reaction cross sections to provide experimentally driven information about nuclear matrix elements of interest in the context of neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). in particular, it was proposed to use heavy - ion induced double charge exchange reactions as tools towards the determination of information on the nuclear matrix elements of 0νββ, strongly motivated by a number of similarities between the two processes. to this extent, the 20ne + 130te system was experimentally investigated in a multi-channel approach by measuring the complete net of reactions channels, namely double charge exchange, single charge exchange, elastic and inelastic scattering, one - and two - nucleon transfer reactions, characterized by the same initial projectile and target nuclei. the goal of the study is to fully characterize the properties of the nuclear wavefunctions entering in the 0νββ decay nuclear matrix elements. the experimental setup, the data reduction and some of the obtained results for the 20ne + 130te system will be presented and discussed. | a multi-channel study of the 20ne + 130te system within the numen project |
isodar@kamland is a proposed short baseline νe disappearance experiment designed to search for ev-scale sterile neutrinos. in a 5-year run period, isodar will produce more than 1023νe through decay-at-rest of 8 li , produced in a high-power target bombarded by 60 mev protons. paired with a kiloton-scale detector such as kamland, isodar can cover the regions favored by short baseline anomalies with a 5- σ confidence level in 5 years. if a signal is observed, isodar will be able to distinguish between several sterile neutrino models. isodar@kamland is also capable of precision electroweak measurements through νe - e elastic scattering. here we briefly describe the setup, and in detail the physics of the sterile neutrino search that is possible with isodar. we also touch on the electroweak measurements and possibilities for the isodar cyclotron beyond kamland. this material is based on work supported by the national science foundation graduate research fellowship under grant no. 1745302 and by the heising-simons foundation. | isodar@kamland: sterile neutrinos and beyond |
improving modeling of neutrino-nucleus interactions in the gev energy range has critical importance to the success of next generation neutrino oscillation experiments. one key ingredient in the modeling is nucleon axial current form factors, which however have not been satisfactorily understood. in most studies, both form factors have been assumed to be proportional to a dipole form with one single tunable parameter, known as axial mass (or radius). however, such dipole parameterization has not been (un)justified based on any microscopic model. in this talk, i will present our recent study of these form factors based on a light-front quark model with a pion cloud included. the model is constrained by the data on nucleon em form factors. i will also discuss our results' impact on modeling neutrino-nucleus scattering. the work is supported by the u.s. department of energy under grant no. defg02-97er-41014. | nucleon axial current form factors in a light-front quark model with a pion cloud |
microboone is a short baseline neutrino experiment that utilizes 89 ton active volume liquid argon time projection chamber (tpc) situated on the booster neutrino beamline at fermilab. it is the first of three liquid argon tpc detectors planned for the fermilab short baseline neutrino program and will directly probe the source of the anomalous excess of electron-like events in miniboone, while also measuring low-energy neutrino cross sections and providing important r&d for future detectors. in this talk, a study of charged particle multiplicity using neutrino charged-current inclusive events is presented. this analysis can be used to test models of neutrino-argon scattering, and it may be particularly sensitive to nuclear final state interaction effects. kansas state university. | charged particle multiplicity analysis in microboone |
the miniboone collaboration has recently updated their neutrino oscillation results to incorporate the complete dataset for the experiment, corresponding to 18.75 (11.27) × 1020 protons-on-target in neutrino (antineutrino) mode. an excess of electron-like events is observed at a significance of 4.8 σ. the larger sample size allows for a number of new studies to be performed regarding the excess, exploring, for example, outgoing lepton energy-scattering angle correlations, beam timing distributions, and event radial distributions. the timing and radial distributions specifically disfavor excess interpretations that rely on photons either entering or exiting the detector volume. this talk will present these new studies in detail. this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation graduate research fellowship under grant no. 1745302. miniboone analysis is also supported by the national science foundation grant nsf-phy-1801996. | updated miniboone results with the complete dataset |
short-range nucleon-nucleon correlations (nn src) contain important information about nuclear structure and dynamics within the nuclei. it has been extensively studied through two-nucleon knockout reactions, in both pion and electron scattering experiments. a very recent approach is to probe nn src using neutrino scattering, however, with limited results due to the intrinsic uncertainty of the four-momentum transfer. here, we present one of the latest attempts to reconstruct this information. | nucleus probing for short-range correlations using neutrino-nucleon interactions |
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