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the recent discoveries of telluric exoplanets in the habitable zone of different stars have led to questioning the nature of their atmosphere, which is required to determine their habitability. atmospheric escape is one of the challenging problems to be solved: simply adapting what is currently observed in the solar sy... | atmospheric escape processes and planetary atmospheric evolution: from misconceptions to challenges |
there are nearly 200 known planets around m dwarfs, but only one system around an ultra-cool (>m7) dwarf: trappist-1. ultra-cool dwarfs are arguably the most promising hosts for atmospheric and biosignature detection in transiting planets because of the enhanced feature contrast in transit and eclipse spectroscopy. ... | confirming the first exoplanet around an l dwarf |
editors note:in these last two weeks of 2017, well be looking at a few selections that we havent yet discussed on aas nova from among the most-downloaded paperspublished in aas journals this year. the usual posting schedule will resume in january.detection of the atmosphere of the 1.6 m exoplanet gj 1132 bpublished mar... | selections from 2017: atmosphere around an earth-like planet |
astronomers are becoming more interested in finding an earth-like planet in the liquid water, or habitable, zone of the star it is orbiting. with today's methods for finding exoplanets (transit, radial velocity) being more efficient when observing smaller stars with planets closer to them, the best targets for modern i... | the mini-muscles treasury survey: measurements of the ultraviolet stellar characteristics of low-mass exoplanetary systems |
in this study we explore and identify the minimum eccentricity thresholds for deglaciation of globally ice-covered extrasolar planets with different obliquities. using a one-dimensional energy balance model, we calculate the latitudinal ice thickness and extent on earth-like planets receiving different values of instel... | eccentricity thresholds for planetary deglaciation at varying obliquity |
we discuss the implications on the future evolution of planetary systems orbiting red giant stars, if physical reactions involving the production of axions and the enhanced decay of plasmons into neutrinos, as a consequence of neutrinos having a magnetic dipole moment, are assumed to be happening simultaneously within ... | implications of non-standard physics on the future evolution of exoplanets orbiting red giant stars. |
we present the mirecle (mir exoplanet climate explorer) mission concept, a concept for a moderately sized (2-meter) cryogenic telescope with broad wavelength coverage (4 - 25 um) and ultra-stable detectors capable of conducting in-depth characterization of a statistically significant sample of planets around ultra-cool... | mirecle: exploring the nearest m-earths through ultra-stable mid-ir transit and phase-curve spectroscopy |
locating planets in circumstellar habitable zones is a priority for many exoplanet surveys. space-based and ground-based surveys alike require robust toolsets to aid in target selection and mission planning. we present the catalog of earth-like exoplanet survey targets (celesta), a database of habitable zones around 36... | celesta: a catalog of earth-like exoplanet survey targets |
indirect detections of exoplanets rely heavily on the properties of their host stars. however, stellar features can sometimes masquerade as planetary signals. this issue is especially prominent for m dwarfs. so how do we know for sure if weve found a planet around an m dwarf?starring m dwarfsdespite the observational c... | to separate starspots from planets |
currently, the strongest remotely detectable biosignature in the earth's atmosphere is molecular oxygen (o2) produced during photosynthesis. however, recent studies of geochemical signatures on earth-like exoplanets suggest that for most of them, atmospheric o2 would not be detectable by a remote observer, except durin... | exoplanet habitability: potential o2/o3 biosignatures in the ultraviolet |
terrestrial exoplanets orbiting within or near their host stars' habitable zone are potentially apt for life. it has been proposed that time-series measurements of reflected starlight from such planets will reveal their rotational period, main surface features and some atmospheric information. from imagery obtained wit... | taking the photometric pulse of venus, our nearest terrestrial planet: probing atmospheric super-rotation rather than surface features |
the habitable exoplanet observatory mission (habex) is one of four missions under study for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. its goal is to directly image and spectroscopically characterize planets in the habitable zone around nearby sun-like stars. additionally, habex will perform a broad range of general astroph... | habitable-zone observatory (habex) baseline 4-m telescope design and predicted performance |
the irradiation of protoplanetary disks by high-energy radiation from magnetic and accretion activity at low-mass, pre-ms stars likely plays an essential role in regulating exoplanet formation around such stars. to provide the x-ray data necessary to address the problem of the dissipation of protoplanetary disks around... | x-rays from young low-mass stars: inhospitable habitable zones? |
oxygenic photosynthetic organisms (opos) are primary producers on earth and generate surface and atmospheric biosignatures, making them ideal targets to search for life from remote on earth-like exoplanets orbiting stars different from the sun, such as m-dwarfs. these stars emit very low light in the visible and most l... | growth and photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae and plants with different levels of complexity exposed to a simulated m-dwarf starlight |
the habex concept telescope is optimized for direct imaging and spectroscopy of potentially habitable exoplanets, and also enables a wide range of general astrophysics science. the design strategy chose mature technologies and leveraged in-development technologies to minimize risk and possibly reach technology readines... | updated technology roadmap for the habitable-zone exoplanet imaging observatory (habex) concept |
the exoplanet community is eagerly searching data from the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) for m dwarfs hosting small planets in their habitable zones. for my thesis work, i plan to look beyond the habitable zone to find the coldest planets orbiting m dwarf stars to determine their occurrence rate. to iden... | a survey of the coldest planets around low-mass stars |
we began with the sample of planet host stars in the california-kepler survey (cks) sample. the cks sample selection, spectroscopic observations, and spectroscopic analysis are described in detail in petigura et al. (2017aj....154..107p). in brief, the sample was initially constructed by selecting all kepler objects of... | vizier online data catalog: california-kepler survey. vii. planet radius gap (fulton+, 2018) |
future direct imaging missions such as habex and luvoir aim to catalog and characterize earth-mass analogs around nearby stars. the exoplanet yield of these missions will be dependent on the frequency of earth-like planets, and potentially the a priori knowledge of which stars specifically host suitable planetary syste... | simulations for planning next-generation exoplanet radial velocity surveys |
newly-discovered exoplanets from tess provide the opportunity to assessthe relative importance of atmospheric escape mechanisms proposed toexplain the bimodal distribution of super-earths and mini-neptunesdiscovered with kepler. we will measure x-ray spectra and fluxes of thehost stars of a sample of tess planets as in... | testing the origin of the exoplanet radius valley with new systems from tess |
future exoplanet direct imaging missions aim to maximize the number of habitable earth-like exoplanets discoverable in their limited mission time. state of the art exoplanet orbit fitting techniques only incorporate astrometry and require at least three exoplanets detections to determine if the exoplanet is in the habi... | direct imaging orbit fits in two detections |
the discovery of the trappist-1 system, which consists of an ultra cool m-dwarf star orbited by 7 planets, 3 of which are located in the habitable zone, has demonstrated that these types of plane-tary systems around dwarf stars are very common. such systems are well suited for the study of exoplanets. in particular the... | development of an ultra-stable mid-infrared detector array for space-based exoplanet transit spectroscopy |
the discovery of a planetary candidate orbiting the habitable zone of our closest neighbor, proxima centauri (gl 551), shook the planetary community as few other discoveries have done in recent years. it not only showed that the nearest star to the sun could host a planetary system but also that, given the right condit... | a short-period sub-earth orbiting proxima centauri |
in every batch of detections from the kepler spacecraft, some transit signals get relegated to false positive status by an automated vetting pipeline. how do we ensure that real exoplanet detections dont accidentally get discarded by the pipeline?the kepler false positive working group is on the case and they just resc... | rescuing an overlooked planet |
g9-40 was observed by the kepler spacecraft as part of campaign 16 of the k2 mission. it was proposed as a k2 campaign 16 target by the following programs: go16005lc (pi: crossfield), go16009lc (pi: charbonneau), go16052lc (pi: stello), and go16083lc (pi: coughlin). the star was monitored in long cadence mode (30 minut... | vizier online data catalog: flux & rvs of the dwarf g9-40 with k2 & hpf (stefansson+, 2020) |
exoplanet surveys have revealed a number of earth-sized planets orbiting in or near the so-called habitable zones. finding life on these planets is one of the key goals of the ongoing and future exoplanet observations. in this article, we discuss possible schemes to assess the life hypothesis, highlighting the importan... | future atmospheric observations of temperate terrestrial planets in search of inhabited worlds |
our current picture of exoplanetary systems is unfinished, and the search for and characterization of habitable planets in these partially explored systems is still ongoing. to address this, we combined the specific yet incomplete information about any given multi-planet system with population-level statistical knowled... | finding missing earths: an integrated analysis of multi-planet systems and assessing likelihood of potentially habitable worlds |
we detail here how the wfirst coronagraph instrument (cgi) will benefit potential future flagship direct imaging missions aimed at the spectroscopic characterization of exoplanets, including small rocky planets in the habitable zone. cgi will demonstrate for the first time in spacemany of the key technologies required:... | the wfirst coronagraph instrument: a major stepping stone in the preparation of future exoplanet direct imaging missions |
a major bottleneck for the exploitation of data from the kepler mission for stellar astrophysics and exoplanet research has been the lack of precise radii and evolutionary states for most of the observed stars. we present revised radii of 180,000 kepler stars derived by combining parallaxes from the gaia data release 2... | precise properties of kepler stars and planets in the gaia era |
stellar variability on short timescales has been largely unexplored until recently, but is relevant in the era of transient surveys like the zwicky transient facility (zft), the large synoptic survey telescope (lsst), and in searches for optical counterparts to gravitational wave events detected by the laser interferom... | the decam minute cadence survey: a search for habitable planets around white dwarfs |
many terrestrial planets in the habitable zones around m-dwarf stars may be water-poor as a result of their host stars' prolonged pre-main-sequence phase. recent work revealed multiple moist climate equilibrium states on such arid and synchronously rotating planets with limited surface water reservoirs that can either ... | multiple moist climate equilibrium states on arid rocky m-dwarf planets: a last-saturation tracer analysis |
i performed the evryflare survey using observations from the evryscope array of small telescopes and the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) to answer two questions: (1) how frequently are superflares emitted from the nearby cool stars, both in the present and in the first 200 myr after formation? (2) what imp... | investigating exoplanet habitability and the stellar magnetism of cool stars across half the southern sky via superflares, starspots, and stellar rotation. |
a critical component of a habitable planet is its ability to stabilize its climate over long timescales. in a new study, scientists explore whether a world covered in water can keep its climate as stable as an earth-like, continental world.the carbon goes round and rounddiagram of the physical and chemical processes (t... | climate stabilization on distant worlds |
the potential solar tides in an ancient venusian ocean is simulated using a dedicated numerical tidal model. a series of simulations with ocean depths varying between 500-4500m and rotational periods ranging from -243 to 64 earth days were used to calculate tidal dissipation rates and the resulting tidal torque. the re... | tides on ancient venus and applications to similar exoplanets |
plato (planetary transits and oscillations of stars) is the m3 mission in the esa's cosmic vision 2015-2025 programme. it aims at finding a large number of exoplanets, at characterizing their bulk density with emphasis on the properties of terrestrial planets in the habitable zone around solar-like stars, and at studyi... | plato: the instrument and the science preparation |
m dwarfs are the most feasible targets for finding planets orbiting in the habitable zone (hz). however, their intense magnetic activity makes it very challenging for these planets to sustain an atmosphere. using mhd, we model the coronae of planet hosting stars and the interaction of the stellar wind with the planets'... | space weather characterization of exoplanets |
the interest in the possibility of life on venus is driven not just by curiosity about life originating in another earth-like environment, but because of the possibility that life may be playing a critical role in the planet"s present, and possibly its past, atmospheric state. the brilliance of venus in the night sky (... | venus, an astrobiology target |
the sun is currently moving through a rich and complex suite of partially ionized, warm, interstellar clouds. an interface, dictated by pressure balance, magnetic fields, and charge exchange, signifies the interaction between a outward moving stellar wind and the inward force of the surrounding local interstellar mediu... | our inhabited heliosphere: the implications of stellar motion through galactic interstellar clouds on planetary atmospheres |
exoplanet orbital eccentricities encode key information about planetary system formation and evolution. for m dwarf planets in particular, the proximity of the habitable zone to the host star makes eccentricity additionally important for understanding habitability. however, constraints on orbital eccentricity typically... | the orbital eccentricities of the kepler m dwarf planets: a population-level view of planet dynamics around small stars |
there have been discovered many exoplanets and the number of terrestrial exoplanet detection increases rapidly in recent ten years. many terrestrial exoplanets or super-earth are found around low mass stars such as m dwarfs. a red dwarf (m type star) has comparatively narrow habitable zone, which is very close to the h... | plasmasphere formation around terrestrial exoplanets: possible evidence of the exoplanetary intrinsic magnetic field and atmosphere |
silicate weathering is a key component of the carbonate-silicate cycle (carbon cycle) that draws down co2 from the atmosphere for eventual burial and long-term storage in the planetary interior. this process is thought to provide an essential negative feedback to the carbon cycle to maintain temperate climates on earth... | the impact of silicate weathering on exoplanet atmospheres and the habitable zone |
the james webb space telescope (jwst) will offer the first opportunity to characterize terrestrial exoplanets transiting nearby m dwarf stars with sufficient precision to identify high mean molecular weight atmospheres. trappist-1's seven known transiting earth-sized exoplanets are particularly amenable to atmospheric ... | simulating the detectability and characterization of the trappist-1 exoplanet atmospheres with jwst |
since the early 1990s, it has been known that early mars river-forming climates require slightly more greenhouse forcing than can be explained by the greenhouse effect of co2 and h2o vapor. this mis-match is a challenge to our understanding of the circumstellar habitable zone. i will present new evidence that the mis-m... | lessons from early mars for models of surface habitability on exoplanets |
rocky extrasolar planets orbiting m dwarfs are prime targets in the search for habitable surface conditions and biosignatures with near-future telescopes like the james webb space telescope (jwst) and the extremely large telescope (elt). even for the closest known targets the capabilities to characterize earth-like or ... | detectability of biosignatures on lhs 1140 b |
the next phase of exoplanet science will focus on characterizing exoplanet atmospheres, including those of low-mass, terrestrial planets. a comprehensive understanding of possible biosignatures that may be detected with the next generation of ground and space telescopes is warranted. while some biosignature gases, such... | methane: the ideal biosignature for the jwst era? |
on terrestrial planets, the abundances of key trace gases such as methane ch4 are controlled by photochemistry and source fluxes such as the rate of volcanic outgassing, water-rock reactions, or biological production. the interpretation of ch4 as a biosignature is thus ultimately dependent on the production flux inferr... | evaluating methane as a biosignature on habitable anoxic planets orbiting fgkm stars |
exoplanetary systems are seen outside the solar system which may be similar or may vary drastically with the solar system. a comparative study between seventeen selected exoplanetary systems with solar system is carried out taking some physical parameters as probes with the hope that a clue to the habitable system outs... | a comparative study between solar system and exoplanetary systems and generalisation of bode-titius empirical formula |
catalogue of 767 tidally locked rocky exoplanets (rp<=1.23r{earth} with a subset of 14 planets inhabiting the circumstellar habitable zone (chz) of their host stars. for each exoplanet in our sample, parameters for planetary mass, planetary radius, semi-major axis, eccentricity, stellar mass, and stellar age are giv... | vizier online data catalog: catalogue of tidally locked rocky exoplanets (mcintyre, 2022) |
in this communication we present the first experimental results obtained on the crossed-cubes nuller (ccn), that is a new type of achromatic phase shifter (aps) based on a pair of crossed beamsplitter cubes. we review the general principle of the ccn, now restricted to two interferometric outputs for achieving better p... | experimental demonstration of a crossed cubes nuller for coronagraphy and interferometry |
this activity has been developed as a resource for the "eu space awareness" educational programme. as part of the suite "our fragile planet" together with the "climate box" it addresses aspects of weather phenomena, the earth's climate and climate change as well as earth observation efforts like in the european "copern... | the engine of life |
one of the most compelling questions for exoplanets located within the potential habitable zone of their host star is whether they are able to retain an atmosphere. the primary approach that has been taken to answer this question is to determine how much of the atmosphere, with a particular focus on water, can be lost ... | atmospheric loss and photochemistry of exoplanets around m dwarfs |
the census of planets orbiting the center of mass of binary stars is rapidly growing. the question of stability for circumbinary planets has been the focus of much recent research. we review this work and present results of new simulations, from which we find criteria for the long term stability of exoplanets orbiting ... | an investigation of circumbinary planet orbital stability and habitability to identify potential planetary systems with several habitable planets |
oxygen is widely considered to be a reliable biosignature in the search for life elsewhere [1]. however, several mechanisms create abiotic oxygen, or oxygen from non-biogenic sources. these mechanisms must be thoroughly characterized to rule out false positive identifications of life in the future. previous experiments... | the effect of obliquity on abiotic oxygen production in habitable zone planet atmospheres |
the recent detection of earth-sized planets in the habitable zone of proxima centauri, trappist-1, and many other nearby m-type stars (which consist some 75% of the stars) has led to speculations, whether liquid water and life actually exist on these planets. defining the bio-habitable zone, where liquid water and comp... | bio-habitability and life on planets of m-g-type stars |
barnard's star (gj 699) is a dim old red dwarf m4 v star. at 6 ly it is the 2nd nearest star system. until recently barnard star's claim to stardom is having the largest proper motion (mu = 10.4"/yr). adding to its fame, ribas et al. (2018 nature 563, 365) recently found that barnard's star hosts a super-earth exoplane... | x-ray, uv, optical irradiances and age of barnard\'s star\'s new super-earth planet:—"can life find a way" on such cold planet? |
we describe a physically- and statistically-based method to infer the near-sun magnetic field of coronal mass ejections (cmes) and then extrapolate it to the inner heliosphere and beyond. besides a ballpark agreement with in-situ observations of interplanetary cmes (icmes) at l1, we use our estimates to show that earth... | a new spin to exoplanet habitability criteria |
the discovery of an earth-size (~1.3 me) planet, proxima b, orbiting in the habitable zone (hz) of the nearest star (d = 4.25 ly), has provided great impetus for the study of the potential habitability of other nearby hz planets. ribas et al. (2016, a&a in press) have shown, that in spite of the relatively high lev... | beyond proxima b: investigating the next nearest potentially habitable exoplanets: kapteyn b (13 ly) and wolf 1061 c (14 ly) - assessing their suitabilty for life |
the nasa kepler mission has discovered thousands of new planetary candidates, many of which have been confirmed through follow-up observations. a primary goal of the mission is to determine the occurrence rate of terrestrial-size planets within the habitable zone (hz) of their host stars. a major product of the habitab... | potential habitable zone exomoon candidates and radial velocity estimates for giant kepler hz candidates. |
nasa is currently studying concepts for flagship missions (habex and luvoir) with the goal of directly imaging a sample of earth-like planets in the habitable zones of nearby sun-like stars. a critical ingredient to these mission concept studies is the prevalence of such earth-like planets; if earth-like planets are in... | completing kepler's census: using deep neural networks to measure the frequency of earth analogs |
the amount of light an exoplanet reflects and emits towards an observer waxes and wanes as the planet orbits through its phases. the amplitude and profile of reflection phase curves constrain the albedo of planetary surfaces and atmospheres, while the thermal amplitude and profile reveal temperature distributions and h... | it's not just a phase: measuring the properties of short-period exoplanets from full orbital phase curves |
the recent discoveries of telluric exoplanets in the habitable zone of different stars have led to questioning the nature of their atmosphere, which is required to determine their habitability. atmospheric escape is one of the challenging problems to be solved: simply adapting what is currently observed in the solar sy... | atmospheric escape processes and planetary atmospheric evolution: from misconceptions to challenges |
recent kepler and tess observations discovered many rocky exoplanets in habitable zones around active main-sequence stars. the upper atmospheres of exoplanets are subject to two important energy sources derived from their host stars. first, the stellar photon flux in the x-ray and xuv bands ionizes and heats the upper ... | modeling atmospheric escape from magnetized rocky exoplanets with (exo) planetary ionosphere-thermosphere tool for research (exoplanet-ittr) |
habitable planets may be found on sun-like stars. in such systems, an earth analog can be sought that shares earth's albedo spectrum. we propose using an anomalous characteristic of the albedo of earth to identify earth 2.0 candidates. we present a specialized telescope adept at making the requisite observation. in the... | discovering earth analog candidates in the near-uv |
1. introductionhydrogen emisssion by degassing magma is likely to have a significant impact on the h2 mixing ratio in early atmospheres of terrestrial planets depending on the surface pressure, volcanic flux and oxygen fugacity of the magma [1]. this process can account for the presence of a few percent of hydrogen in ... | molecular hydrogen in oxidized atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets : implications for water and oxygen formation |
energetic photon and particle radiation resulting from stellar magnetic activity evaporates and erodes planetary atmospheres and controls upper atmospheric chemistry. most rocky exoplanets detected in the "habitable zone" are in close-in orbits around very low-mass stars that are typically very active and expose their ... | stellar high-energy radiation and its effects on exoplanets. |
a threshold was crossed in the late 20th century with the discovery of planets around other stars (e.g., mayor & queloz 1995). at this key point in history, humanity knows that exoplanets are both abundant and diverse — and the possible discovery of life-bearing worlds is within our grasp. this monumental objective... | tools to find living worlds: the habex and luvoir mission concepts |
stellar rotation and its associated activity signals can mimic the radial velocity signatures of orbiting planets. rotation is both mass- and age-dependent; and despite the prevalence of low-mass stars, few have measured rotation periods. the mearth project is a transiting planet survey looking for earths and super ear... | the rotation of nearby m dwarfs and implications for exoplanet discovery |
atmospheric characterization of exoplanets in habitable zones is one of the greatest challenge of astrophysics. in fact, all known potential targets either do not transit, or they transit stars too faint or distant, making them impossible to probe with transit spectroscopy. a recently announced k2 planet candidate foun... | hst confirmation and characterization of a potentially habitable world |
dont plan to knock on a door at alpha centauri asking to borrow a cup of sugar just yet but with a new look at this star system using a powerful telescope, we now know a bit more about our neighbors.secrets among nearby starsthis artists interpretation shows the planet proxima centauri b around its host star. you can s... | getting to know our nearest neighbors with alma |
in this talk we assess how differences in the composition of exoplanet host stars might affect the availability of water in their systems, particularly the role of carbon and oxygen abundances. water, one of the key chemical ingredients for habitability, may be in short supply in carbon-rich, oxygen-poor systems even i... | stellar c/o: effects on habitability of exoplanet systems |
we report on the discovery and validation a transiting planet identified by a search through the four years of data collected by nasa’s kepler mission. this possibly rocky 1.63-re planet orbits its g2 host star every 384.843 days, one of the longest orbital periods for a terrestrial exoplanet to date. the likelihood th... | a 1.6 earth radius planet in the habitable zone of a g2 star |
large scale infrared imaging surveys have facilitated the discovery of sub-stellar objects in the field and as wide companions, with mass down to a few jupiters and teff as low as ~250k. this population may have diverse origins with formation in both circumstellar and interstellar environments, with much work still nee... | sifting planetary mass objects at the limits of the wise survey |
the plato mission, part of esa's cosmic vision program, will launch in 2024 and will revolutionize the field of transiting exoplanets. by observing a large sample of bright stars, plato will discover thousands of terrestrial planets, including hundreds in the habitable zones of their host stars. the brightness of plato... | habitable zone planets: plato, and the search for earth 2.0 |
the kepler mission by nasa is motivated to find more earth-size planets in or near the habitable zone using the transit method. till now, more than 4,100 planet candidates are released, of which about 40 percent planet candidates with the radius less than 4 r⊕orbiting the host stars in the single planet system are loca... | tidal evolution indicating the possible formation of the kepler candidate samples with planetary radius less than 4 earth radii |
the field of exoplanetary science has seen a dramatic improvement in sensitivity to terrestrial planets over recent years. such discoveries have been a key feature of results from the kepler mission which utilizes the transit method to determine the size of the planet. these discoveries have resulted in a corresponding... | the venus zone: seeking the twin of earth's twin |
the kepler mission has shown that small planets are extremely common. it is likely that nearly every star in the sky hosts at least one rocky planet. we just need to look hard enough-but this requires vast amounts of telescope time. minerva (miniature exoplanet radial velocity array) is a dedicated exoplanet observator... | minerva: small planets from small telescopes |
in order to properly assess the potential for habitability and prioritize target selection for the characterization of exoplanets, we need to understand the limits of orbital and rotational dynamics. large satellites may be rare and very difficult to detect. consequently, it is necessary to quantify the likelihood of a... | obliquity evolution of earth-like exoplanets in systems with large inclinations |
we explore the potential of astrometry method in finding habitable planets orbiting nearby solar-like stars. we consider different types of planet systems with an undiscovered habitable earth-like exoplanets in them. we simulate their astrometry signals and use our code to fit the masses and orbits of the habitable pla... | detecting habitable planets via astrometry in current planetary systems |
the "radius valley" is a feature in the short-period, small exoplanet population in kepler and k2 data showing an abundance of super-earths (1-2 re) and mini-neptunes (2-3.5 re), with a relatively scarce population of intermediate-sized planets between the two. by employing updated stellar properties and implementing r... | kepler's small planets and their dependence on stellar mass |
the "radius valley" is a feature in the short-period, small exoplanet population in kepler and k2 data showing an abundance of super-earths and mini-neptunes, with a relatively scarce population of intermediate-sized planets between the two. several studies explore the radius valley's dependence on host star properties... | demographics of small kepler planets and their dependence on stellar mass |
to be habitable by conventional terrestrial definitions, a planet must possess a solid or liquid surface, a source of free energy, sufficient supplies of carbon and other bioessential elements, and liquid water. the habitable zone is defined as the region around a star where a planet can maintain liquid water on its su... | exoplanetary habitability |
the astro2020 decadal survey recommended as the next strategic astrophysics mission a 6 m class space telescope capable of high-contrast direct imaging of earth-size exoplanets in about one hundred habitable zones of nearby sun-like stars. the expected number of imageable exoplanets for such a telescope depends on the ... | an exploration of expected number of exoplanets for a 6m class direct imaging observatory |
we present the catalog of earth-like exoplanet survey targets (celesta), a database of habitable zones around 37000 nearby stars. the first step in creating celesta was assembling the input data. the revised hipparcos catalog (van leeuwen 2007, cat. i/311) is a stellar catalog based on the original hipparcos mission (p... | vizier online data catalog: catalog of earth-like exoplanet survey targets (chandler+, 2016) |
we present the kepler object of interest (koi) catalog of transiting exoplanets based on searching 4yr of kepler time series photometry (data release 25, q1-q17: twicken+, 2016, j/aj/152/158). the catalog contains 8054 kois, of which 4034 are planet candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. of these candidates... | vizier online data catalog: kepler planetary cand. viii. dr25 reliability (thompson+, 2018) |
many earth-sized planets have already been discovered and some seem located in the habitable zone. moreover, several earth-sized planets were recently detected around low temperature stars near the solar system. however, it is difficult to characterize them as earth-like or venus-like, even though they are relatively c... | uvspex onboard wso-uv for characterization of earth-like exoplanets by exosphere observation |
the kepler & k2 missions have revolutionized our understanding of exoplanet demographics. however, for most kepler/k2 discoveries our knowledge of planet radii has been limited by the uncertainties in the radii of the host stars. additionally, radius uncertainties for the full sample of ~500,000+ targets have been ... | what is left to learn about kepler/k2 planet host stars? |
spirou is a near-infrared spectropolarimeter and a high-precision velocimeter optimized for both the detection and characterization of terrestrial planets orbiting nearby low-mass stars, and the study of the impact of magnetic field on the star-planet formation. the spectrograph is designed to record the whole near-inf... | spirou -a near-infrared spectropolarimeter @ cfht |
due to their cosmic abundance and long lifetimes, m-dwarfs are by far the most abundant stars in the universe. planets orbiting in the habitable zone of these stars are tidally locked, most likely in synchronous rotation, with crucial consequences for their climate and habitability. however, there is no analogue in the... | coupled atmospheric-ice sheet model for tidally locked exoplanets |
the science promised by high-contrast imaging missions will result in great leaps in our understanding of exoplanetary and the detection and spectral characterization of earth-like planets in the habitable zone. however, none of these missions can image multi-star systems with current technology except when the leak an... | demonstration of multi-star wavefront control using scexao |
since the first discovery, more than 800 exoplanets have been detected through the radial velocity method, the majority orbiting solar-like stars. although m-stars are the most frequent stars, very few planets have yet been found around m-stars of late spectral type. carmenes, operated since 2016, is a high-resolution ... | rocky planets from the carmenes survey |
the future of exoplanet detection lies in the mid-infrared (mir). the mir region contains the blackbody peak of both hot and habitable zone exoplanets, making the contrast between starlight and planet light less extreme. it is also the region where prominent chemical signatures indicative of life exist, such as ozone a... | photonic mid-infrared nulling for exoplanet detection on a planar chalcogenide platform |
in this talk, i will discuss the recently announced exoplanet kepler-1649 c — an earth-sized planet in the habitable zone of a nearby low-mass star. this discovery was over a decade in the making, involving automated analyses and dozens of dedicated scientists sifting through thousands of complex signals. the same proc... | discovery of the earth-sized habitable-zone planet kepler-1649 c: what other treasures remain to be unearthed in kepler and k2 data? |
we request a short (10ks) chandra-hrc-s observation of a recently discovered exoplanet which resides in the habitable zone around a near-by m dwarf and has a density consistent with a thick water envelope. an x-ray observation would allow us to measure the stellar x-ray flux irradiating the planet, which is the driver ... | evaporation of a habitable-zone exoplanet with a water envelope |
t has been observed, mostly from the findings of the kepler mission, that the vast majority of earth-like exoplanets, and small planets in general, are formed very close to their host stars. this comes into contradiction with the cases of planets in the size of neptune and bigger that most likely form at longer distanc... | on an empirical mathematical approach to the densities of small transiting exoplanets |
stellar flares are stochastic events that occur when a star's magnetic field re-connects, releasing intense radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. rocky planets in the habitable zones of m-dwarfs are often subjected to superflares, events of at least 1033 erg and 10-1000x the energy of the largest solar flares.... | investigating exoplanet habitability and the stellar magnetism of cool stars across half the southern sky via superflares, starspots, and stellar rotation |
nulling interferometry is considered as one of the most promising solutions to spectrally characterize rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone of nearby stars. it provides both high angular resolution and starlight mitigation. it requires however several technologies that need to be demonstrated before a large interfero... | performance study of interferometric small-sats to detect exoplanets: updated exoplanet yield and application to nearby exoplanets |
a balanced ocean/land ratio is thought to be essential for the evolution of an earth-like biosphere. emerged continents provide direct access to solar energy while oceans prevent an all-to-dry climate. assessing the habitability of earth-like planets, one may be tempted to assume similar geological properties. consider... | land/ocean surface diversity on earth-like (exo)planets: implications for habitability |
atmospheric escape is the primary physical process sculpting the population of short-period, irradiated exoplanets, yet the dominant mass loss mechanism remains unclear. several mechanisms likely contribute to the exosphere loss (e.g., photoevaporation, core-powered erosion, stellar wind stripping, giant impact) and th... | an extensive survey of helium outflows from irradiated exoplanets with the hobby-eberly telescope |
the solar system terrestrial planets have high mean molecular weight secondary atmospheres, ranging from 92 bars of carbon dioxide on venus to a tenuous layer around mercury. we do not know if such secondary atmospheres are typical of terrestrial planets or are a phenomenon unique to the solar system. where terrestrial... | a first look at the atmospheres of four terrestrial exoplanets with ground-based optical transmission spectroscopy |
the earth likely underwent several periods of planet-wide ice coverage in the past, in whats known as snowball earth events. a new study explores whether snowball events are also a risk for tidally locked, habitable exoplanets.an icy fatecurrent theory suggests that the earth underwent several snowball events in its pa... | snowball events for tidally locked planets? |
ozone, an important gaseous biosignature, is not only critical for surface uv habitability, but also a proxy for the detection of oxygen, another important gas related to photosynthesis. detecting ozone on exoplanets is important for assessing their habitability. this study focuses on tidally-locked earth-like planets ... | detectability of ozone on tidally-locked earth-like exoplanets |
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