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using archival near-infrared observations from the keck and lick observatories and the hubble space telescope, we document the evolution of neptune's cloud activity from 1994 to 2022. we calculate the fraction of neptune's disk that contained clouds, as well as the average brightness of both cloud features and cloud-fr... | evolution of neptune at near-infrared wavelengths from 1994 through 2022 |
we present an atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array observation of the submillimeter galaxy id 141 at z = 4.24 in the [n ii] 205 μm line (hereafter [n ii] ) and the underlying continuum at (rest-frame) 197.6 μm. benefiting from lensing magnification by a galaxy pair at z = 0.595, id 141 is one of the brightest $... | alma [{n} {ii}] 205 μm imaging spectroscopy of the lensed submillimeter galaxy id 141 at redshift 4.24 |
m-stars are the most common hosts of planetary systems in the galaxy. protoplanetary disks around m-stars thus offer a prime opportunity to study the chemistry of planet-forming environments. we present an atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array survey of molecular line emission toward a sample of five protoplanet... | an atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array survey of chemistry in disks around m4-m5 stars |
the next generation of space telescopes will enable transformative science to understand the nature and origin of exoplanets. in particular, transit spectroscopy will reveal the chemical composition of the exoplanet atmospheres with unprecedented detail thanks to precise measurements of the visible-to-infrared transit ... | phase-curve pollution of exoplanet transit depths |
a map of surface molecular water was derived from long slit spectroscopy of the south polar region of the moon using the faint object infrared camera for the sofia telescope spectrometer on the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy. mean water abundances detected are about 250 μg/g over that of a mare refere... | regional map of molecular water at high southern latitudes on the moon using 6 μm data from the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy |
the c2h4o2 isomers methyl formate (hcooch3), acetic acid (ch3cooh) and glycoaldehyde (hoch2cho) have been detected in molecular clouds in the interstellar medium, as well as, hot cores, hot corinos and around protostellar objects. however, their abundances are very different, being methyl formate more abundant than the... | destruction of c2h4o2 isomers in ice-phase by x-rays: implication on the abundance of acetic acid and methyl formate in the interstellar medium |
new mmt/mirac (9-11 μm), sofia/forcast (11-37 μm), and herschel/pacs (70 and 160 μm) infrared (ir) imaging and photometry is presented for three famous oh/ir red supergiants (nml cyg, vx sgr, and s per) and two normal red supergiants (rs per and t per). we model the observed spectral energy distributions (seds) using r... | searching for cool dust. ii. infrared imaging of the oh/ir supergiants, nml cyg, vx sgr, s per, and the normal red supergiants rs per and t per |
in 2019 october betelgeuse began a decline in v-band brightness that went beyond the minimum expected from its quasi-periodic ∼420 day cycle, becoming the faintest in recorded photometric history. observations obtained in 2019 december with very large telescope/sphere have shown that the southern half of the star has b... | sofia-exes observations of betelgeuse during the great dimming of 2019/2020 |
the energy balance and climate of planets can be affected by the reflective properties of their land, ocean, and frozen surfaces. here we investigate the effect of host star spectral energy distribution (sed) on the albedo of these surfaces using a one-dimensional energy balance model. incorporating spectra of m-, k-, ... | the effect of land fraction and host star spectral energy distribution on the planetary albedo of terrestrial worlds |
the role of aliphatic side groups in the formation of astronomical unidentified infrared emission (uie) features is investigated by applying the density functional theory to a series of molecules with mixed aliphatic-aromatic structures. the effects of introducing various aliphatic groups to a fixed polycyclic aromatic... | a theoretical study on the vibrational spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules with aliphatic sidegroups |
we present our first results from a high-contrast imaging search for planetary mass companions around stars with gapped debris disks, as inferred from the stars' bright infrared excesses. for the six considered stars, we model the disks' unresolved infrared spectral energy distributions in order to derive the temperatu... | searching for planets in holey debris disks with the apodizing phase plate |
context. statistical parameters are used to draw conclusions in a vast number of fields such as finance, weather, industrial, and science. these parameters are also used to identify variability patterns on photometric data to select non-stochastic variations that are indicative of astrophysical effects. new, more effic... | new insights into time series analysis. ii - non-correlated observations |
the search for transiting habitable exoplanets has broadened to include several types of stars that are smaller than the sun in an attempt to increase the observed transit depth and hence the atmospheric signal of the planet. of all spectral types, white dwarfs (wds) are the most favorable for this type of investigatio... | a search for short-period rocky planets around wds with the cosmic origins spectrograph (cos) |
we present far-infrared (fir) spectroscopy of supernova remnants (snrs) based on the archival data of the infrared space observatory taken with the long wavelength spectrometer (lws). our sample includes previously unpublished profiles of line and continuum spectra for 20 snrs in the galaxy and magellanic clouds. in se... | a spectroscopic study of supernova remnants with the infrared space observatory |
chemical abundance studies of cataclysmic variables have revealed high nitrogen to carbon ratios in a number of cataclysmic variable white dwarfs (based on ultraviolet emission and absorption lines), as well as possible carbon deficiency in many secondaries (based on the absence of infrared co absorption lines). these ... | white dwarf photospheric abundances in cataclysmic variables. i. ss aurigae and tu mensae |
high spectral resolution observations toward the low mass-loss rate c-rich, j-type asymptotic giant branch (agb) star y cvn were carried out at 7.5, 13.1, and 14.0 μm with the echelon-cross-echelle spectrograph mounted on the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy and the texas echelon-cross-echelle spectrogr... | multifrequency high spectral resolution observations of hcn toward the circumstellar envelope of y canum venaticorum |
the uv radiation field is a critical regulator of gas-phase chemistry in surface layers of disks around young stars. in an effort to understand the relationship between photocatalyzing uv radiation fields and gas emission observed at infrared and submillimeter wavelengths, we present an analysis of new and archival hub... | probing uv-sensitive pathways for cn and hcn formation in protoplanetary disks with the hubble space telescope |
we present the first spatially resolved scattered-light images of four debris disks around members of the scorpius-centaurus (sco-cen) ob association with high-contrast imaging and polarimetry using the gemini planet imager (gpi). all four disks are resolved for the first time in polarized light, and one disk is also d... | first resolved scattered-light images of four debris disks in scorpius-centaurus with the gemini planet imager |
cagire is the near infrared camera of the colibrí robotic telescope, designed for the follow-up of svom alerts, mainly gamma ray bursts (grbs), and the quick imaging of sky regions where transient sources are detected by the svom satellite. cagire is based on the astronomical large format array (alfa) 2k x 2k swir sens... | flux reconstruction for the nir camera cagire at the focus of the colibrí telescope |
the 11.3 μm emission feature is a prominent member of the family of unidentified infrared emission (uie) bands and is frequently attributed to out-of-plane bending modes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) molecules. we have performed quantum mechanical calculations of 60 neutral pah molecules and found that it is... | on the origin of the 11.3 micron unidentified infrared emission feature |
the heterodyne receiver for origins (hero) is the first detailed study of a heterodyne focal plane array receiver for space applications. hero gives the origins space telescope the capability to observe at very high spectral resolution (r = 107) over an unprecedentedly large far-infrared (fir) wavelengths range (111 to... | heterodyne receiver for origins |
the study of extended, cold dust envelopes surrounding r coronae borealis (rcb) stars began with their discovery by the infrared astronomical satellite. rcb stars are carbon-rich supergiants characterized by their extreme hydrogen deficiency and their irregular and spectacular declines in brightness (up to 9 mag). we h... | the double dust envelopes of r coronae borealis stars |
context. as the fourth most abundant element in the universe, carbon (c) is widespread in the interstellar medium (ism) in various allotropic forms (e.g. fullerenes have been identified unambiguously in many astronomical environments, the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules in space has been commonly ... | synthesizing carbon nanotubes in space |
superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (snspds) are excellent single-photon detectors from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared. system detection efficiencies of 90% are typical, with jitters on the order of 100 ps and maximum count rates of a few mhz. recently we have begun exploring the use of snspds for th... | towards single-photon spectroscopy in the mid-infrared using superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors |
galaxy mergers are key events in galaxy evolution, often causing massive starbursts and fueling active galactic nuclei (agns). in these highly dynamic systems, it is not yet precisely known how much starbursts and agns, respectively, contribute to the total luminosity, at what interaction stages they occur, and how lon... | the agn luminosity fraction in merging galaxies |
we describe test observations made with a customized 640 × 512 pixel indium gallium arsenide (ingaas) prototype astronomical camera on the 2.5 m dupont telescope. this is the first test of ingaas as a cost-effective alternative to hgcdte for research-grade astronomical observations. the camera exhibits a background of ... | background-limited imaging in the near infrared with warm ingaas sensors: applications for time-domain astronomy |
to understand the cosmic accretion history of supermassive black holes, separating the radiation from active galactic nuclei (agns) and star-forming galaxies (sfgs) is critical. however, a reliable solution on photometrically recognizing agns still remains unsolved. in this work, we present a novel agn recognition meth... | an active galactic nucleus recognition model based on deep neural network |
the origins space telescope will trace the history of our origins from the time dust and heavy elements permanently altered the cosmic landscape to present-day life. how did galaxies evolve from the earliest galactic systems to those found in the universe today? how do habitable planets form? how common are life-bearin... | origins space telescope: baseline mission concept |
because the galaxies of the local group have such large angular sizes, much of their diffuse, large-angular-scale emission is filtered out by the herschel data reduction process. in this work, we restore this previously missed dust in herschel observations of the large magellanic cloud, small magellanic cloud, m31, and... | the quest for the missing dust. i. restoring large-scale emission in herschel maps of local group galaxies |
we present the first 850 μm polarization observations in the most active star-forming site of the rosette molecular cloud (d ∼ 1.6 kpc) in the wall of the rosette nebula, imaged with the scuba-2/pol-2 instruments of the james clerk maxwell telescope, as part of the b-fields in star-forming region observations 2 (bistro... | the jcmt bistro-2 survey: the magnetic field in the center of the rosette molecular cloud |
short-duration flares at millimeter wavelengths provide unique insights into the strongest magnetic reconnection events in stellar coronae and combine with longer-term variability to introduce complications to next-generation cosmology surveys. we analyze 5.5 yr of jcmt transient survey 850 μm submillimeter monitoring ... | the jcmt transient survey: single-epoch transients and variability of faint sources |
one of the primary goals of hgcdte linear-mode avalanche photodiode arrays is to provide a 1kx1k pixels format, @15 μm pitch, near-infrared (0.9 to 2.5 μm) detector suitable for ultra-low background astronomical applications and long integration times. such science goals impose very strict detector requirements, namely... | first tests of a 1 megapixel near-infrared avalanche photodiode array for ultra-low background space astronomy |
we present ground-based infrared photometry, jhk spectroscopy, and 5-28 μm sofia forcast spectroscopy documenting the early temporal development of nova delphini 2013 (v339 del). we derive a distance of ∼4.5 kpc using data available from the early expansion of the fireball. this distance gives an outburst luminosity of... | the early infrared temporal development of nova delphini 2013 (v339 del) observed with the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy (sofia) and from the ground |
context. solid carbon dioxide (co2) is one of the most abundant species detected in icy grain mantles in dense molecular clouds. its identification is based on the comparison between astronomical and laboratory spectra. in the past 30 yr the profile of solid co2 infrared absorption bands has been extensively studied ex... | the profile of the bending mode band in solid co2 |
chemistry along the star- and planet-formation sequence regulates how prebiotic building blocks-- carriers of the elements chnops-- are incorporated into nascent planetesimals and planets. spectral line observations across the electromagnetic spectrum are needed to fully characterize interstellar chnops chemistry, yet ... | astrochemistry with the orbiting astronomical satellite for investigating stellar systems (oasis) |
interstellar dust spans a wide range in size distribution, ranging from ultrasmall grains of a few ångströms to micrometer-size grains. while the presence of nanometer-size dust grains in the galactic interstellar medium was speculated six decades ago and was previously suggested based on early infrared observations, s... | the widespread presence of nanometer-size dust grains in the interstellar medium of galaxies |
the recent detection of fullerene (c60) in space and the positive assignment of five diffuse interstellar bands to {{{c}}}60+ reinforce the notion that fullerene-related compounds can be efficiently formed in circumstellar envelopes and be present in significant quantities in the interstellar medium. experimental studi... | search for hydrogenated c60 (fulleranes) in circumstellar envelopes |
we review the history and status of the famous classification of extraterrestrial civilizations given by the great russian astrophysicist nikolai semenovich kardashev, roughly half a century after it has been proposed. while kardashev's classification (or kardashev's scale) has often been seen as oversimplified, and mu... | kardashev's classification at 50+: a fine vehicle with room for improvement |
context. atomic data is crucial for astrophysical investigations. to understand the formation and evolution of stars, we need to analyse their observed spectra. analysing a spectrum of a star requires information about the properties of atomic lines, such as wavelengths and oscillator strengths. however, atomic data of... | laboratory oscillator strengths of sc i in the near-infrared region for astrophysical applications |
the presence of debris disks around young main-sequence stars hints at the existence and structure of planetary systems. millimeter-wavelength observations probe large grains that trace the location of planetesimal belts. the formation and evolution of planetary systems spitzer legacy survey of nearby young solar analo... | resolved millimeter-wavelength observations of debris disks around solar-type stars |
jscanam is the default map-maker for herschel/pacs photometer observations. making use of the redundant information from multiple passages on the sky with different scanning directions, jscanam is able to remove the $1/f$ noise that severely affects pacs far-infrared maps, preserving at the same time point sources and ... | the jscanam map-maker method applied to herschel/pacs photometer observations |
using near-infrared observations of neptune from the keck and lick observatories, and the hubble space telescope in combination with amateur datasets, we calculated the drift rates of prominent infrared-bright cloud features on neptune between 2018 and 2021. these features had lifespans of ∼ 1 day to ≥1 month and were ... | drift rates of major neptunian features between 2018 and 2021 |
water is a molecule that is tightly related to many facets of star and planet formation. water's abundance and distribution, especially the location of its snowline has thus been the subject of much study. while water is seen to be abundant in the inner region of protoplanetary disks in infrared spectroscopy, detection... | reimagining the water snowline |
we present the first l-band (2.8-4.1 μm) spectroscopy of κ andromedae b, a ∼20 mjup companion orbiting at 1″ projected separation from its b9-type stellar host. we combine our large binocular telescope (lbt) arizona lenslets for exoplanet spectroscopy (ales) integral field spectrograph data with measurements from other... | high-contrast thermal infrared spectroscopy with ales: the 3-4 μm spectrum of κ andromedae b |
several fluctuation studies on the near-infrared extragalactic background light (ebl) find an excess power at tens of arcminute scales (ℓ ~ 103). emission from the intra-halo light (ihl) has been proposed as a possible explanation for the excess signal. in this work, we investigate the emission from the integrated gala... | near-infrared extragalactic background light fluctuations on nonlinear scales |
magnetic fields are important for stellar photospheres and magnetospheres, influencing photospheric physics and sculpting stellar winds. observations of stellar magnetic fields are typically made in the visible, although infrared observations are becoming common. here we consider the possibility of directly detecting m... | ultraviolet spectropolarimetry: investigating stellar magnetic field diagnostics |
we report on observations of the candidate be/x-ray binary (bexrb) igr j18219-1347 with the swift/x-ray telescope, the nuclear spectroscopic telescope array, and the neutron star interior composition explorer during type-i outbursts in 2020 march and june. our timing analysis revealed the spin period of a neutron star ... | identification of an x-ray pulsar in the bexrb system igr j18219-1347 |
by applying first principles quantum chemical calculations, we present a complete catalog of the theoretically expected mid-infrared signatures of cationic forms of fullerene with the general formula of ${{\rm{c}}}_{60}^{q+}$ (q = 1-26). the structural stability and bonding of these exotic species have been reported by... | a theoretical study of infrared spectra of highly positively charged c60 fullerenes and their relevance to observed uie features |
context. only recently, od, the deuterated isotopolog of hydroxyl, oh, has become accessible in the interstellar medium; spectral lines from both species have been observed in the supra-terahertz and far infrared regime. studying variations of the od/oh abundance amongst different types of sources can deliver key infor... | sofia/great observations of od and oh rotational lines towards high-mass star forming regions |
the aditya-l1 is the first space-based solar observatory of the indian space research organization (isro). the spacecraft will carry seven payloads providing uninterrupted observations of the sun from the first lagrangian point. aditya-l1 comprises four remote sensing instruments, viz. a coronagraph observing in visibl... | the aditya-l1 mission of isro |
we fit various colour-magnitude diagrams (cmds) of the galactic globular clusters ngc 6397 and ngc 6809 (m55) by isochrones from the dartmouth stellar evolution database (dsed) and bag of stellar tracks and isochrones (basti) for α-enhanced [α/fe] = +0.4. for the cmds, we use data sets from hubble space telescope, gaia... | isochrone fitting of galactic globular clusters - v. ngc 6397 and ngc 6809 (m55) |
we study the clustering properties of 1,307,530 agns/quasars in the catwise2020 catalog prepared using the wide-field infrared survey explorer and near-earth object wide-field infrared survey explorer survey data. for angular moments ℓ ⪆ 10 (⪅18°) down to nonlinear scales, the results are in agreement with the standard... | the clustering properties of agns/quasars in catwise2020 catalog |
individual vibrational band spectroscopy presents an opportunity to examine exoplanet atmospheres in detail, by distinguishing where the vibrational state populations of molecules differ from the current assumption of a boltzmann distribution. here, retrieving vibrational bands of oh in exoplanet atmospheres is explore... | a spectroscopic thermometer: individual vibrational band spectroscopy with the example of oh in the atmosphere of wasp-33b |
we present new spitzer infrared array camera (irac) 3.6 and 4.5 μm mosaics of three fields, e-cosmos, deep2-f3, and elais-n1. our mosaics include both new irac observations as well as reprocessed archival data in these fields. these fields are part of the hsc-deep grizy survey and have a wealth of additional ancillary ... | the spitzer coverage of hsc-deep with irac for z studies (shiraz). i. irac mosaics |
we present the characterization and definitive flux calibration of the far-infrared field integral line spectrometer (fifi-ls) instrument on board sofia. the work is based on measurements made in the laboratory with an internal calibrator and on observations of planets, moons, and asteroids as absolute flux calibrators... | characterization and absolute calibration of the far-infrared field integral line spectrometer for sofia |
fullerenes, including c60 and c70, have been detected in various astronomical environments. understanding how their structures evolve over time is essential for gaining insights into their life cycle and making further observations. to address this, we conducted reactive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate th... | evolution of fullerenes in circumstellar envelopes by carbon condensation: insights from reactive molecular dynamics simulations |
a cloud opacity contrast feature that has been called a "long-lived sharp disruption" has been seen in the atmosphere of venus in the near-infrared using akatsuki's ir2 camera, most clearly at equatorial latitudes. this feature was found to have a consistent planet-circling period of 4.9 days, and subsequent searches o... | using virtis on venus express to constrain the properties of the giant dark cloud observed in images of venus by ir2 on akatsuki |
cold ion action spectroscopy is applied to record the gas phase infrared fingerprint spectra of mass-selected c5h5n•+ and c5h5nh+ cations using an infrared free electron laser. the structures of the cations are deduced from the experimental spectra using anharmonic vibrational frequencies from density functional theory... | stable isomeric structures of the pyridine cation (c5h5n•+) and protonated pyridine (c5h5nh+) elucidated by cold ion infrared spectroscopy |
orbiting astronomical satellite for investigating stellar systems (oasis) is a space-based, midex-class mission concept that employs a 17-meter diameter inflatable aperture with cryogenic heterodyne receivers, enabling high sensitivity and high spectral resolution (resolving power >=106) observations at terahertz fr... | orbiting astronomical satellite for investigating stellar systems (oasis): following the water trail from the interstellar medium to oceans |
tetrahedrane, the smallest platonic hydrocarbon, may help to explain the uv extinction bump in the ism and the uirs. the smallest platonic hydrocarbon, tetrahedrane, has been subject to frequent theoretical and experimental study for 50 years, but its infrared spectrum and synthetic pathway remain a mystery. the recent... | polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons: is tetrahedrane present in uir spectra? |
context. the line strength of the near-infrared ca ii triplet (cat) lines are a proxy for measuring metallicity from integrated and individual stellar spectra of bright red giant stars. in the latter case it is a mandatory step to remove the magnitude (proxy for gravity, temperature, and luminosity) dependence from the... | panchromatic calibration of ca ii triplet luminosity dependence |
on a planetary scale, the d/h ratio on mars is a key diagnostic for understanding the past history of water on the planet; locally, it can help to constrain the sources and sinks of water vapor through the monitoring of condensation and sublimation processes. to obtain simultaneous measurements of h2o and hdo lines, we... | a map of d/h on mars in the thermal infrared using exes aboard sofia |
crystals of pyroxene are common in meteorites but few compositions have been recognized in astronomical environments due to the limited chemistries included in laboratory studies. we present quantitative room-temperature spectra of 17 mg-, fe-, and ca-bearing ortho- and clinopyroxenes, and a ca-pyroxenoid in order to d... | infrared spectra of pyroxenes (crystalline chain silicates) at room temperature |
hd 44179 is a postasymptotic giant branch star with a biconical nebula known as the red rectangle. it shows the 3.3, 3.4, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 μm infrared emission features (commonly known as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) emission bands and the aromatic infrared bands). previous observations of hd 44179 ... | the 3.3 μm infrared emission feature profile in hd 44179 |
context. the [cii] 158 μm far-infrared fine-structure line is one of the dominant cooling lines of the star-forming interstellar medium. hence [cii] emission originates in and thus can be used to trace a range of ism processes. velocity-resolved large-scale mapping of [cii] in star-forming regions provides a unique per... | observation and calibration strategies for large-scale multi-beam velocity-resolved mapping of the [cii] emission in the orion molecular cloud |
the so-called unidentified infrared emission (uie) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 μ {{m}} ubiquitously seen in a wide variety of astrophysical regions are generally attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) molecules. astronomical pahs may have an aliphatic component, as revealed by the detection in... | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with aliphatic sidegroups: intensity scaling for the c-h stretching modes and astrophysical implications |
astronomical observations towards star-forming regions have revealed the presence of molecules with the n-o bond such as no, n2o, and hno. these species are considered potential precursors of prebiotic molecules. thus, understanding nitrogen and oxygen chemistry may help us to better understand the origin and evolution... | ion irradiation of n2o ices and no2:n2o4 ice mixtures: first steps to understand the evolution of molecules with the n-o bond in space |
stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy [c ii] 157 μm, apex 860 μm j = 3-2 co, and archival james clerk maxwell telescope j = 2-1 co and 13co observations of the horsehead nebula are presented. the photon-dominated region (pdr) between the orion b molecular cloud and the adjacent ic 434 h ii region is used to ... | kinematics of the horsehead nebula and ic 434 ionization front in co and c+ |
we present high spectral resolution observations from 12.96 to 13.33 microns toward orion irc2 using the mid-infrared spectrograph, echelon-cross-echelle spectrograph (exes), at stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy (sofia). these observations probe the physical and chemical conditions of the orion hot core,... | high spectral resolution sofia/exes observations of c2h2 toward orion irc2 |
to measure the properties of both components of the rs canum venaticorum binary σ geminorum (σ gem), we directly detect the faint companion, measure the orbit, obtain model-independent masses and evolutionary histories, detect ellipsoidal variations of the primary caused by the gravity of the companion, and measure gra... | detecting the companions and ellipsoidal variations of rs cvn primaries. i. σ geminorum |
the 11.2-μm emission band belongs to the family of the `unidentified' infrared emission bands seen in many astronomical environments. in this work, we present a theoretical interpretation of the band characteristics and profile variation for a number of astrophysical sources in which the carriers are subject to a range... | the 11.2 μm emission of pahs in astrophysical objects |
during the late stages of their evolution, sun-like stars bring the products of nuclear burning to the surface. most of the carbon in the universe is believed to originate from stars with masses up to a few solar masses. although there is a chemical dichotomy between oxygen-rich and carbon-rich evolved stars, the dredg... | witnessing the emergence of a carbon star. |
aims: in order to provide a better basis for the study of mechanisms of nucleosynthesis of the light elements beyond hydrogen and helium in the oldest stars, the abundances of c, o, mg, si, p, s, k, and ca have been derived from uv-hst and visible-eso high resolution spectra in the old, very metal-poor star hd 84937, a... | abundances of the light elements from uv (hst) and red (eso) spectra in the very old star hd 84937 |
in this paper, we present the small bodies: near and far infrared database, an easy-to-use tool intended to facilitate the modelling of thermal emission of small bodies of the solar system. our database collects measurements of thermal emissions for small solar system targets that are otherwise available in scattered s... | small bodies: near and far database for thermal infrared observations of small bodies in the solar system |
we present the first infrared (ir) gas-phase spectrum of a large and astronomically relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) cation (c42h18 +, hbc+) and its dication (c42h18 {}2+, hbc2+). the spectra are recorded via infrared multiphoton dissociation (irmpd) spectroscopy of ions stored in a quadrupole ion trap, u... | infrared spectra of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene cations: hbc+ and hbc2+ |
small, inorganic hydrides are likely hiding in plain sight, waiting to be detected toward various astronomical objects. alh2oh can form in the gas phase via a downhill pathway, and the present, high-level quantum chemical study shows that this molecule exhibits bright infrared features for anharmonic fundamentals in re... | pathways to detection of strongly-bound inorganic species: the vibrational and rotational spectral data of alh2oh, hmgoh, alh2nh2, & hmgnh2 |
the hohenberg-mermin-wagner (hmw) theorem states that infrared (ir) fluctuations prevent long-range order which breaks continuous symmetries in two dimensions (2d), at finite temperatures. we note that the theorem becomes physically effective for superconductivity (sc) only for astronomical sample sizes, so it does not... | physical limitations of the hohenberg-mermin-wagner theorem |
many x-ray bright active galactic nuclei (agns) are predicted to follow an extended stage of obscured black hole growth. in support of this picture we examine the x-ray undetected agns in the cosmos field and compare their host galaxies with x-ray bright agns. we examine galaxies with m* > 109.5 m⊙ for the presence ... | where do obscured agn fit in a galaxy's timeline? |
over the last two decades, around 300 quasars have been discovered at z ≳ 6, yet only one has been identified as being strongly gravitationally lensed. we explore a new approach-enlarging the permitted spectral parameter space, while introducing a new spatial geometry veto criterion-which is implemented via image-based... | when spectral modeling meets convolutional networks: a method for discovering reionization-era lensed quasars in multiband imaging data |
context. multifilter photometry from large sky surveys is commonly used to assign asteroid taxonomic types and study various problems in planetary science. to maximize the science output of those surveys, it is important to use methods that best link the spectro-photometric measurements to asteroid taxonomy.aims: we ai... | comparison of machine learning algorithms used to classify the asteroids observed by all-sky surveys |
we present our new atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma) observations targeting co(6-5) emission from three luminous lyman-break galaxies (lbgs) at z spec = 6.0293-6.2037 found in the subaru/hyper suprime-cam survey, whose [o iii] 88 μm and [c ii] 158 μm emissions have been detected with alma. we find a m... | alma observations of co emission from luminous lyman-break galaxies at z = 6.0293-6.2037 |
we present an analysis of irtf-texes spectra of jupiter's mid-to-high latitudes in order to test the hypothesis that the ch4 homopause altitude is higher in jupiter's auroral regions compared to elsewhere on the planet. a family of photochemical models, based on moses & poppe (2017), were computed with a range of c... | spatial variations in the altitude of the ch4 homopause at jupiter's mid-to-high latitudes, as constrained from irtf-texes spectra |
the university of rochester infrared detector group is working together with teledyne imaging sensors to develop mercury cadmium telluride (hgcdte) 15 μm cutoff wavelength detector arrays for future space missions. to reach the 15-μm cutoff goal, we took an intermediate step by developing four ∼13-μm cutoff wavelength ... | characterization of a 15-μm cutoff hgcdte detector array for astronomy |
silicon-based blocked impurity band (bib) detectors have become the preferred candidate for the astronomical observation field because of their excellent ability for far-infrared detection, easy integration with the readout circuit, and potential for large-scale preparation. we fabricate si:ga bib far-infrared detector... | high-operating temperature far-infrared si:ga blocked-impurity-band detectors |
observational data for the hourglass-like magnetic field toward the starless dense core fest 1-457 were compared with a flux freezing magnetic field model. fitting of the observed plane-of-sky magnetic field using the flux freezing model gave a residual angle dispersion comparable to the results based on a simple 3d pa... | distortion of magnetic fields in a starless core. vi. application of flux freezing model and core formation of fest 1-457 |
more than 50 years after the dawn of x-ray astronomy, the dynamical parameters of the prototypical x-ray binary sco x-1 are still unknown. we combine a monte carlo analysis, which includes all the previously known orbital parameters of the system, along with the k-correction to set dynamical constraints to the masses o... | mass constraints to sco x-1 from bowen fluorescence and deep near-infrared spectroscopy. |
time-varying phenomena are one of the most substantial sources of astrophysical information, and their study has led to many fundamental discoveries in modern astronomy. we have developed an automated tool to search for and analyze variable sources in the near-infrared ksband using the data from the vista variables in ... | an automated tool to detect variable sources in the vista variables in the vía láctea survey: the vvv variables (v4) catalog of tiles d001 and d002 |
context. the volume of data generated by astronomical surveys is growing rapidly. traditional analysis techniques in spectroscopy either demand intensive human interaction or are computationally expensive. in this scenario, machine learning, and unsupervised clustering algorithms in particular, offer interesting altern... | machine learning in apogee. unsupervised spectral classification with k-means |
the origin of the br γ line in herbig ae/be stars is still an open question. it has been proposed that a fraction of the 2.166-μm br γ emission might emerge from a disc wind, the magnetosphere and other regions. investigations of the br γ line in young stellar objects are important to improve our understanding of the a... | on the brγ line emission of the herbig ae/be star mwc 120 |
the upcoming launch of the james webb space telescope (jwst) will dramatically increase our understanding of exoplanets, particularly through direct imaging. microlensing and radial velocity surveys indicate that some m dwarfs host long-period giant planets. some of these planets will likely be just a few parsecs away ... | the feasibility of directly imaging nearby cold jovian planets with miri/jwst |
context. fs cma stars are low-luminosity objects showing the b[e] phenomenon whose evolutionary state remains a puzzle. these stars are surrounded by compact disks of warm dust of unknown origin. hitherto, membership of fs cma stars to coeval populations has never been confirmed.aims: the discovery of low-luminosity li... | first detections of fs canis majoris stars in clusters. evolutionary state as constrained by coeval massive stars |
long-duration gamma-ray burst (grb) afterglow observations offer cutting-edge opportunities to characterise the star formation history of the universe back to the epoch of reionisation, and to measure the chemical composition of interstellar and intergalactic gas through absorption spectroscopy. the main barrier to pro... | skyhopper mission science case i: identification of high redshift gamma-ray bursts through space-based near-infrared afterglow observations |
a very long-term near-infrared variable star survey towards the large and small magellanic clouds (lmc and smc) was carried out using the 1.4 m infrared survey facility at the south african astronomical observatory. this project was initiated in 2000 december in the lmc, and in 2001 july in the smc. since then an area ... | a near-infrared variable star survey in the magellanic clouds: the small magellanic cloud data |
the outer solar system provides a unique, quiet vantage point from which to observe the universe around us, where measurements could enable several niche astrophysical science cases that are too difficult to perform near earth. nasa’s new horizons mission comprises an instrument package that provides imaging capability... | astrophysics with new horizons: making the most of a generational opportunity |
massive young stellar objects (mysos) are known to undergo an evolutionary phase in which high mass accretion rates drive strong outflows. a class of objects believed to trace this phase accurately is the galactic legacy infrared midplane survey extraordinaire (glimpse) extended green object (ego) sample, so named for ... | sofia forcast photometry of 12 extended green objects in the milky way |
the far-infrared (fir) regime is one of the wavelength ranges where no astronomical data with sub-arcsecond spatial resolution exist. none of the medium-term satellite projects like spica, millimetron, or the origins space telescope will resolve this malady. for many research areas, however, information at high spatial... | bringing high spatial resolution to the far-infrared |
we use the cosmic assembly deep near-infrared extragalactic legacy survey data to study the relationship between quenching and the stellar mass surface density within the central radius of 1 kpc (σ1) of low-mass galaxies (stellar mass m* ≲ 109.5 m⊙) at 0.5 ≤ z < 1.5. our sample is mass complete down to ~109 m⊙ at 0.... | implications of increased central mass surface densities for the quenching of low-mass galaxies |
on ut 29 june 2015, the occultation by pluto of a bright star (r‧ = 11.9) was observed from the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy (sofia) and several ground-based stations in new zealand and australia. pre-event astrometry allowed for an in-flight update to the sofia team with the result that sofia was d... | haze in pluto's atmosphere: results from sofia and ground-based observations of the 2015 june 29 pluto occultation |
hydrodynamic atmospheric escape is considered an important process that shapes the evolution of sub-jovian exoplanets, particularly those with short orbital periods. the metastable he line in the near-infrared at 1.083 μm is a reliable tracer of atmospheric escape in hot exoplanets, with the advantage of being observab... | observing atmospheric escape in sub-jovian worlds with jwst |
we present new northern extended millimeter array (noema) observations of the co(2-1) emission in eight of the brightest palomar-green quasars at z ≲ 0.5 to investigate the role of active galactic nucleus (agn) feedback in luminous quasars detected at low redshifts. we detect co(2-1) emission in three objects, from whi... | lack of correlations between cold molecular gas and agn properties in type 1 agns at z ≲ 0.5 |
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