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collision and disruption processes of protoplanetary bodies in the early solar system are key to understanding the genesis of diverse types of main-belt asteroids. mesosiderites are stony-iron meteorites that formed by the mixing of howardite-eucrite-diogenite-like crust and molten core materials and provide unique ins... | mesosiderite formation on asteroid 4 vesta by a hit-and-run collision |
the yarkovsky effect describes a small but significant force that affects the orbital motion of meteoroids and asteroids smaller than 30-40 km in diameter. it is caused by sunlight; when these bodies heat up in the sun, they eventually reradiate the energy away in the thermal waveband, which in turn creates a tiny thru... | the yarkovsky and yorp effects |
the asteroid belt originated from leftover debris from the formation of our solar system, including objects that never grew big enough to become planets. destructive collisions led to the present proliferation of asteroids; groups that were initially part of the same body have related orbits and are known as families. ... | identification of a primordial asteroid family constrains the original planetesimal population |
we studied a sample of 93 asteroid pairs, i.e., pairs of genetically related asteroids that are on highly similar heliocentric orbits. we estimated times elapsed since separation of pair members (i.e., pair age) that are between 7 × 103 yr and a few 106 yr. with photometric observations, we derived the rotation periods... | asteroid pairs: a complex picture |
the current shock classification scheme of meteorites assigns shock levels of s1 (unshocked) to s6 (very strongly shocked) using shock effects in rock-forming minerals such as olivine and plagioclase. the s6 stage (55-90 gpa; 850-1750 °c) relies solely on localized effects in or near melt zones, the recrystallization o... | revising the shock classification of meteorites |
we present the target selection for the breakthrough listen search for extraterrestrial intelligence during the first year of observations at the green bank telescope, parkes telescope, and automated planet finder. on the way to observing 1,000,000 nearby stars in search of technological signals, we present three main ... | the breakthrough listen search for intelligent life: target selection of nearby stars and galaxies |
the pristine sample from the near-earth carbonaceous asteroid (162173) ryugu collected by the hayabusa2 spacecraft enabled us to analyze the pristine extraterrestrial material without uncontrolled exposure to the earth's atmosphere and biosphere. the initial analysis team for the soluble organic matter reported the det... | uracil in the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) ryugu |
the japan aerospace exploration agency launched the asteroid sample return spacecraft "hayabusa2" on december 3, 2014. hayabusa2 will reach the c-type asteroid 162173 ryugu in 2018, and return back to the earth in 2020. sample collections from three sites, four surface rovers deployment and a 4 mj-class kinetic impact ... | hayabusa2-sample return and kinetic impact mission to near-earth asteroid ryugu |
a graph class $\mathscr{c}$ is called monadically stable if one cannot interpret, in first-order logic, arbitrary large linear orders in colored graphs from $\mathscr{c}$. we prove that the model checking problem for first-order logic is fixed-parameter tractable on every monadically stable graph class. this extends th... | first-order model checking on monadically stable graph classes |
1i/2017 u1 (‘oumuamua), a recently discovered asteroid in a hyperbolic orbit, is likely the first macroscopic object of extrasolar origin identified in the solar system. here, we present imaging and spectroscopic observations of ‘oumuamua using the palomar hale telescope as well as a search of meteor activity potential... | 1i/2017 u1 (‘oumuamua) is hot: imaging, spectroscopy, and search of meteor activity |
we study the origin of the interstellar object 1i/2017 u1 `oumuamua by juxtaposing estimates based on the observations with simulations. we speculate that objects like `oumuamua are formed in the debris disc as left over from the star and planet formation process, and subsequently liberated. the liberation process is m... | the origin of interstellar asteroidal objects like 1i/2017 u1 `oumuamua |
the environmental severity of large impacts on earth is influenced by their impact trajectory. impact direction and angle to the target plane affect the volume and depth of origin of vaporized target, as well as the trajectories of ejected material. the asteroid impact that formed the 66 ma chicxulub crater had a profo... | a steeply-inclined trajectory for the chicxulub impact |
we present observations and analysis of the hostless and luminous type ia supernova 2022ilv, illustrating it is part of the 2003fg-like family, often referred to as super-chandrasekhar (ia-sc) explosions. the asteroid terrestrial-impact last alert system light curve shows evidence of a short-lived, pulse-like early exc... | the luminous type ia supernova 2022ilv and its early excess emission |
the near-earth object (neo) surveyor mission is a nasa observatory designed to discover and characterize asteroids and comets. the mission's primary objective is to find the majority of objects large enough to cause severe regional impact damage (>140 m in effective spherical diameter) within its 5 yr baseline surve... | the near-earth object surveyor mission |
the planar graph product structure theorem of dujmović, joret, micek, morin, ueckerdt, and wood [j. acm 2020] states that every planar graph is a subgraph of the strong product of a graph with bounded treewidth and a path. this result has been the key tool to resolve important open problems regarding queue layouts, non... | shallow minors, graph products and beyond planar graphs |
the extinction of the dinosaurs and around three-quarters of all living species was almost certainly caused by a large asteroid impact 66 million years ago. seismic data acquired across the impact site in mexico have provided spectacular images of the approximately 200-kilometre-wide chicxulub impact structure. in this... | the chicxulub impact and its environmental consequences |
using the osiris-rex mission and ground-based tracking data for the asteroid bennu, we derive new constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark matter. the bounds we obtain are strongest for mediator masses $m \sim 10^{-18} - 10^{-17}\,{\rm ev}$, where we currently achieve the tightest bounds. our limits can be trans... | constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark matter from osiris-rex target asteroid bennu |
nine metal-polluted white dwarfs are observed with medium-resolution optical spectroscopy, where photospheric abundances are determined and interpreted by comparison with solar system objects. an improved method for making such comparisons is presented, which overcomes potential weaknesses of prior analyses, with numer... | interpretation and diversity of exoplanetary material orbiting white dwarfs |
we obtained high-speed photometry of the disintegrating planetesimals orbiting the white dwarf wd 1145+017, spanning a period of four weeks. the light curves show a dramatic evolution of the system since the first observations obtained about seven months ago. multiple transit events are detected in every light curve, w... | high-speed photometry of the disintegrating planetesimals at wd1145+017: evidence for rapid dynamical evolution |
an astroid-shaped loop of exceptional points (eps), comprising four cusps, is found to spawn from the triple degeneracy point in the brillouin zone (bz) of a lieb lattice with nearest-neighbor hoppings when non-hermiticity is introduced. the occurrence of the ep loop is due to the realness of the discriminant which is ... | exceptional points make an astroid in non-hermitian lieb lattice: evolution and topological protection |
acoustic tunable focusing lens has important applications in acoustic fast imaging and three-dimensional displays. previously developed metasurface lenses suffer from narrow bandwidth and fixed geometric configuration, thereby limiting their further practical applications. here, we design an acoustic coding metasurface... | broadband tunable focusing lenses by acoustic coding metasurfaces |
the discovery1 of 1i/2017 u1 (1i/`oumuamua) has provided the first glimpse of a planetesimal born in another planetary system. this interloper exhibits a variable colour within a range that is broadly consistent with local small bodies, such as the p- and d-type asteroids, jupiter trojans and dynamically excited kuiper... | the tumbling rotational state of 1i/`oumuamua |
the only martian rock samples on earth are meteorites ejected from the surface of mars by asteroid impacts. the locations and geological contexts of the launch sites are currently unknown. determining the impact locations is essential to unravel the relations between the evolution of the martian interior and its surfac... | the tharsis mantle source of depleted shergottites revealed by 90 million impact craters |
the osiris-rex visible and infrared spectrometer (ovirs) is a point spectrometer covering the spectral range of 0.4 to 4.3 microns (25,000-2300 cm-1). its primary purpose is to map the surface composition of the asteroid bennu, the target asteroid of the osiris-rex asteroid sample return mission. the information it ret... | the osiris-rex visible and infrared spectrometer (ovirs): spectral maps of the asteroid bennu |
some asteroids eject dust, producing transient, comet-like comae and tails; these are the active asteroids. the causes of activity in this newly identified population are many and varied. they include impact ejection and disruption, rotational instabilities, electrostatic repulsion, radiation pressure sweeping, dehydra... | the active asteroids |
dark matter may be in the form of nonbaryonic structures such as compact subhalos and boson stars. structures weighing between asteroid and solar masses may be discovered via gravitational microlensing, an astronomical probe that has in the past helped constrain the population of primordial black holes and baryonic mas... | gravitational microlensing by dark matter in extended structures |
context. the classification of the minor bodies of the solar system based on observables has been continuously developed and iterated over the past 40 yr. while prior iterations followed either the availability of large observational campaigns or new instrumental capabilities opening new observational dimensions, we se... | asteroid taxonomy from cluster analysis of spectrometry and albedo |
asteroids formed in a dynamically quiescent disk but their orbits became gravitationally stirred enough by jupiter to lead to high-speed collisions. as a result, many dozen large asteroids have been disrupted by impacts over the age of the solar system, producing groups of fragments known as asteroid families. here we ... | identification and dynamical properties of asteroid families |
we analyze the trajectories of 313 particles seen in the near-bennu environment between december 2018 and september 2019. of these, 65% follow suborbital trajectories, 20% undergo more than one orbital revolution around the asteroid, and 15% directly escape on hyperbolic trajectories. the median lifetime of these parti... | trajectory estimation for particles observed in the vicinity of (101955) bennu |
the question why non-avian dinosaurs went extinct 66 million years ago (ma) remains unresolved because of the coarseness of the fossil record. a sudden extinction caused by an asteroid is the most accepted hypothesis but it is debated whether dinosaurs were in decline or not before the impact. we analyse the speciation... | dinosaur biodiversity declined well before the asteroid impact, influenced by ecological and environmental pressures |
the asteroid impact & deflection assessment (aida) mission will be the first space experiment to demonstrate asteroid impact hazard mitigation by using a kinetic impactor to deflect an asteroid. aida is an international cooperation, consisting of two mission elements: the nasa double asteroid redirection test (dart... | asteroid impact & deflection assessment mission: kinetic impactor |
aims: we locate escape routes from the main asteroid belt, particularly into the near-earth-object (neo) region, and estimate the relative fluxes for different escape routes as a function of object size under the influence of the yarkovsky semimajor-axis drift.methods: we integrated the orbits of 78 355 known and 14 09... | escape of asteroids from the main belt |
from the latest cretaceous (late campanian to maastrichtian, ~75-66 ma) to the earliest paleogene, fluctuations in greenhouse climate, inferred primarily from marine sediments, have been linked to volcanism, the chicxulub asteroid impact, and the cretaceous-paleogene (k-pg) mass extinction. in this paper, we summarize ... | terrestrial climate in mid-latitude east asia from the latest cretaceous to the earliest paleogene: a multiproxy record from the songliao basin in northeastern china |
over the past decade there has been a large increase in the number of automated camera networks that monitor the sky for fireballs. one of the goals of these networks is to provide the necessary information for linking meteorites to their pre-impact, heliocentric orbits and ultimately to their source regions in the sol... | identification of meteorite source regions in the solar system |
a rapid accumulation of observations and interpretation has followed in the wake of 1i ‘oumuamua’s passage through the inner solar system. we briefly outline the consequences that this first detection of an interstellar asteroid implies for the planet-forming process, and we assess the near-term prospects for detecting... | the feasibility and benefits of in situ exploration of ‘oumuamua-like objects |
water consists of two most common chemical elements in the universe: hydrogen and oxygen. at the study of the solar and other planetary systems, water was found on planets, their satellites, in cometary nuclei, in asteroids, dwarf planets such as ceres and pluto. water also occurs in the giant molecular clouds at inter... | water in solar system |
'oumuamua, the first bona fide interstellar planetesimal, was discovered passing through our solar system on a hyperbolic orbit. this object was likely dynamically ejected from an extrasolar planetary system after a series of close encounters with gas giant planets. to account for 'oumuamua's detection, simple argument... | implications of the interstellar object 1i/'oumuamua for planetary dynamics and planetesimal formation |
compared with previous space-borne surveys, the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) provides a unique and new approach to observe solar system objects. while its primary mission avoids the vicinity of the ecliptic plane by approximately six degrees, the scale height of the solar system debris disk is large eno... | solar system objects observed with tess—first data release: bright main-belt and trojan asteroids from the southern survey |
graph neural networks (gnns) extend basic neural networks (nns) by using graph structures based on the relational inductive bias (homophily assumption). while gnns have been commonly believed to outperform nns in real-world tasks, recent work has identified a non-trivial set of datasets where their performance compared... | revisiting heterophily for graph neural networks |
we overview various efforts within the dart investigation team's ejecta working group to predict the characteristics, quantity, dynamical behavior, and observability of dart impact ejecta. we discuss various methodologies for simulation of the impact/cratering process with their advantages and drawbacks in relation to ... | pre-encounter predictions of dart impact ejecta behavior and observability |
the catastrophic disruption of the l chondrite parent body in the asteroid belt c. 470 ma initiated a prolonged meteorite bombardment of earth that started in the ordovician and continues today. abundant l chondrite meteorites in middle ordovician strata have been interpreted to be the consequence of the asteroid break... | refined ordovician timescale reveals no link between asteroid breakup and biodiversification |
in the scenario in which qcd axion dark matter is produced after inflation, the universe is populated by large inhomogeneities on very small scales. eventually, these fluctuations will collapse gravitationally to form dense axion miniclusters that trap up to ∼75 % of the dark matter within asteroid-mass clumps. axion m... | axion minivoids and implications for direct detection |
the first discovered interstellar object (iso), `oumuamua (1i/2017 u1) shows a dry and rocky surface, an unusually elongated shape, with short-to-long axis ratio c∕a ≲ 1∕6, a low velocity relative to the local standard of rest (~10 km s-1), non-gravitational accelerations and tumbles on a timescale of a few hours1-9. t... | tidal fragmentation as the origin of 1i/2017 u1 (`oumuamua) |
the international rosetta mission was launched in 2004 and consists of the orbiter spacecraft rosetta and the lander philae. the aim of the mission is to map the comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko by remote sensing, and to examine its environment in situ and its evolution in the inner solar system. rosetta was the first s... | the rosetta mission orbiter science overview: the comet phase |
we have obtained extensive photometric observations of the polluted white dwarf wd 1145+017 which has been reported to be transited by at least one, and perhaps several, large asteroids with dust emission. observation sessions on 37 nights spanning 2015 november to 2016 january with small to modest size telescopes have... | drifting asteroid fragments around wd 1145+017 |
meso-cenozoic evidence suggests links between changes in the expression of orbital changes and millennia-scale climatic- and biotic variations, but proof for such shifts in orbital cyclicity farther back in geological time is lacking. here, we report a 469-million-year-old palaeozoic energy transfer from precession to ... | middle ordovician astrochronology decouples asteroid breakup from glacially-induced biotic radiations |
the optical navigation camera telescope (onc-t) is a telescopic framing camera with seven colors onboard the hayabusa2 spacecraft launched on december 3, 2014. the main objectives of this instrument are to optically navigate the spacecraft to asteroid ryugu and to conduct multi-band mapping the asteroid. we conducted p... | preflight calibration test results for optical navigation camera telescope (onc-t) onboard the hayabusa2 spacecraft |
white dwarfs (wds) have atmospheres that are expected to consist nearly entirely of hydrogen and helium, since heavier elements will sink out of sight on short timescales. however, observations have revealed atmospheric pollution by heavier elements in about a quarter to a half of all wds. while most of the pollution c... | throwing icebergs at white dwarfs |
the hot water and acid extracts of two different ryugu samples collected by the hayabusa2 mission were analyzed for the presence of aliphatic amines and amino acids. the abundances and relative distributions of both classes of molecules were determined, as well as the enantiomeric compositions of the chiral amino acids... | extraterrestrial amino acids and amines identified in asteroid ryugu samples returned by the hayabusa2 mission |
samples of the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) ryugu were collected and brought to earth by the hayabusa2 spacecraft. we investigated the macromolecular organic matter in ryugu samples and found that it contains aromatic and aliphatic carbon, ketone, and carboxyl functional groups. the spectroscopic features of the orga... | macromolecular organic matter in samples of the asteroid (162173) ryugu |
identifying and extracting building boundaries from remote sensing data has been one of the hot topics in photogrammetry for decades. the active contour model (acm) is a robust segmentation method that has been widely used in building boundary extraction, but which often results in biased building boundary extraction d... | extracting building boundaries from high resolution optical images and lidar data by integrating the convolutional neural network and the active contour model |
an analysis of the surface and interior state of asteroid (101955) bennu, the target asteroid of the osiris-rex sample return mission, is given using models based on earth-based observations of this body. these observations have enabled models of its shape, spin state, mass and surface properties to be developed. based... | the geophysical environment of bennu |
on asteroids, fractures develop due to stresses driven by diurnal temperature variations at spatial scales ranging from sub-millimetres to metres. however, the timescales of such rock fracturing by thermal fatigue are poorly constrained by observations. here we analyse images of the asteroid (101955) bennu obtained by ... | alignment of fractures on bennu's boulders indicative of rapid asteroid surface evolution |
the lijiang 2.4-meter telescope (ljt), the largest common-purpose optical telescope in china, has been available to the worldwide astronomical community since 2008. it is located at the gaomeigu site, lijiang observatory (ljo), in the southwest of china. the site has very good observational conditions. during its 10-ye... | lijiang 2.4-meter telescope and its instruments |
we present the first attempt to fit the light curve of the interstellar visitor 'oumuamua using a physical model that includes optional torque. we consider both conventional (lommel-seeliger triaxial ellipsoid) and alternative ('black-and-white ball', 'solar sail') brightness models. with all the brightness models, som... | modelling the light curve of `oumuamua: evidence for torque and disc-like shape |
nasa's new horizons mission performed the first flyby of a small kuiper belt object (kbo), (486958) arrokoth on 1 january 2019. the fast flyby revealed a fascinating, flattened, contact binary replete with a variety of unexpected geologic terrains. however, the irregular shape and constraints imposed by the fast flyby ... | the geophysical environment of (486958) arrokoth—a small kuiper belt object explored by new horizons |
the osiris-rex camera suite (ocams) onboard the osiris-rex spacecraft is used to study the shape and surface of the mission's target, asteroid (101955) bennu, in support of the selection of a sampling site. we present calibration methods and results for the three ocams cameras—mapcam, polycam, and samcam—using data fro... | ground and in-flight calibration of the osiris-rex camera suite |
pebble accretion is an efficient mechanism that is able to build up the core of the giant planets within the lifetime of the protoplanetary disc gas-phase. the core grows via this process until the protoplanet reaches its pebble isolation mass and starts to accrete gas. during the growth, the protoplanet undergoes a ra... | consequences of planetary migration on the minor bodies of the early solar system |
with the advances in sensor technology, big data, and artificial intelligence, unobtrusive in-home health monitoring has been a research focus for decades. following up our research on smart vehicles, within the framework of unobtrusive health monitoring in private spaces, this work attempts to provide a guide to curre... | unobtrusive health monitoring in private spaces: the smart home |
understanding the true nature of extra-terrestrial water and organic matter that were present at the birth of our solar system, and their subsequent evolution, necessitates the study of pristine astromaterials. in this study, we have studied both the water and organic contents from a dust particle recovered from the su... | organic matter and water from asteroid itokawa |
we present the first good evidence for exocomet transits of a host star in continuum light in data from the kepler mission. the kepler star in question, kic 3542116, is of spectral type f2v and is quite bright at kp = 10. the transits have a distinct asymmetric shape with a steeper ingress and slower egress that can be... | likely transiting exocomets detected by kepler |
this review addresses our current understanding of comets that venture close to the sun, and are hence exposed to much more extreme conditions than comets that are typically studied from earth. the extreme solar heating and plasma environments that these objects encounter change many aspects of their behaviour, thus yi... | the science of sungrazers, sunskirters, and other near-sun comets |
we observed the newly discovered hyperbolic minor planet 1i/‘oumuamua (2017 u1) on 2017 october 30 with lowell observatory’s 4.3 m discovery channel telescope. from these observations, we derived a partial lightcurve with a peak-to-trough amplitude of at least 1.2 mag. this lightcurve segment rules out rotation periods... | on the rotation period and shape of the hyperbolic asteroid 1i/‘oumuamua (2017 u1) from its lightcurve |
near-earth objects (neos) are a transient population of small bodies with orbits near or in the terrestrial planet region. they represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the respective source regions-the main belt and trans-neptunian scattered disk-and en... | neomod: a new orbital distribution model for near-earth objects |
the asteroid (162173) ryugu and other rubble-pile asteroids are likely re-accumulated fragments of much larger parent bodies that were disrupted by impacts. however, the collisional and orbital pathways from the original parent bodies to subkilometre rubble-pile asteroids are not yet well understood1-3. here we use hay... | collisional history of ryugu's parent body from bright surface boulders |
the cretaceous-palaeogene mass extinction around 66 million years ago was triggered by the chicxulub asteroid impact on the present-day yucatán peninsula1,2. this event caused the highly selective extinction that eliminated about 76% of species3,4, including all non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, ammonites, rudists and m... | the mesozoic terminated in boreal spring |
context. the near-earth asteroid (3200) phaethon is an intriguing object: its perihelion is at only 0.14 au and is associated with the geminid meteor stream.aims: we aim to use all available disk-integrated optical data to derive a reliable convex shape model of phaethon. by interpreting the available space- and ground... | near-earth asteroid (3200) phaethon: characterization of its orbit, spin state, and thermophysical parameters |
we present new constraints on the merging rates of planetary-mass and asteroid-mass primordial black hole binaries using limits on continuous waves (quasimonochromatic, quasi-infinite duration signals) derived from an all-sky search for isolated compact objects in the first six months of the third observing run (o3a) o... | constraints on planetary and asteroid-mass primordial black holes from continuous gravitational-wave searches |
the fourth installment of the evolutionary system of mineralogy considers two stages of planetesimal mineralogy that occurred early in the history of the solar nebula, commencing by 4.566 ga and lasting for at least 5 million years: (1) primary igneous minerals derived from planetesimal melting and differentiation into... | an evolutionary system of mineralogy, part iv: planetesimal differentiation and impact mineralization (4566 to 4560 ma) |
the cool white dwarf sdss j124231.07+522626.6 exhibits photospheric absorption lines of eight distinct heavy elements in medium resolution optical spectra, notably including oxygen. the teff = 13 000 k atmosphere is helium-dominated, but the convection zone contains significant amounts of hydrogen and oxygen. the four ... | likely detection of water-rich asteroid debris in a metal-polluted white dwarf |
with the multiplication of social media platforms, which offer anonymity, easy access and online community formation, and online debate, the issue of hate speech detection and tracking becomes a growing challenge to society, individual, policy-makers and researchers. despite efforts for leveraging automatic techniques ... | a systematic review of hate speech automatic detection using natural language processing |
the hayabusa2 spacecraft returned to earth from the asteroid 162173 ryugu on 6 december 2020. one day after the recovery, the gas species retained in the sample container were extracted and measured on-site and stored in gas collection bottles. the container gas consists of helium and neon with an extraterrestrial3he/4... | first asteroid gas sample delivered by the hayabusa2 mission: a treasure box from ryugu |
we provide a quantitative understanding of raindrop impacts on sandy surfaces—a ubiquitous phenomenon relevant to many important natural, agricultural, and industrial processes. combining high-speed photography with high-precision laser profilometry, we investigate the dynamics of liquid-drop impacts on granular surfac... | granular impact cratering by liquid drops: understanding raindrop imprints through an analogy to asteroid strikes |
as the target of the proposed asteroid impact & deflection assessment (aida) mission, the near-earth binary asteroid 65803 didymos represents a special class of binary asteroids, those whose primaries are at risk of rotational disruption. to gain a better understanding of these binary systems and to support the aid... | creep stability of the proposed aida mission target 65803 didymos: i. discrete cohesionless granular physics model |
the formation channel of the tens of compact debris discs which orbit white dwarfs (wds) at a distance of 1 r⊙ remains unknown. asteroids that survive the giant branch stellar phases beyond a few au are assumed to be dynamically thrust towards the wd and tidally disrupted within its roche radius, generating extremely e... | formation of planetary debris discs around white dwarfs - ii. shrinking extremely eccentric collisionless rings |
planetary systems such as our own are formed after a long process where matter condenses from diffuse clouds to stars, planets, asteroids, comets and residual dust, undergoing dramatic changes in physical and chemical state in less than a few million years. several studies have shown that the chemical composition durin... | organic chemistry in the first phases of solar-type protostars |
we make use of a new hybrid method to simulate the long-term, multiple-orbit disc formation through tidal disruptions of rocky bodies by white dwarfs, at high-resolution and realistic semimajor axis. we perform the largest yet suite of simulations for dwarf and terrestrial planets, spanning four orders of magnitude in ... | tidal disruption of planetary bodies by white dwarfs - ii. debris disc structure and ejected interstellar asteroids |
we study the one-dimensional active ising model in which aligning particles undergo diffusion biased by the signs of their spins. the phase diagram obtained varying the density of particles, their hopping rate, and the temperature controlling the alignment shows a homogeneous disordered phase but no homogeneous ordered... | flocking in one dimension: asters and reversals |
context. the hayabusa2 spacecraft launched by japan aerospace exploration agency has been conducting observations of the asteroid (162173) ryugu since june 2018. the telescopic optical navigation camera (onc-t) onboard hayabusa2 has obtained thousands of images under a variety of illumination and viewing conditions.aim... | global photometric properties of (162173) ryugu |
asteroid crater retention ages have unknown accuracy because projectile-crater scaling laws are difficult to verify. at the same time, our knowledge of asteroid and crater size-frequency distributions has increased substantially over the past few decades. these advances make it possible to empirically derive asteroid c... | interpreting the cratering histories of bennu, ryugu, and other spacecraft-explored asteroids |
very recently, an extremely bright fast radio burst (frb) 200428 with two submillisecond pulses was discovered coming from the direction of the galactic magnetar sgr 1935+2154, and an x-ray burst (xrb) counterpart was detected simultaneously. these observations favor magnetar-based interior-driven models. in this lette... | a magnetar-asteroid impact model for frb 200428 associated with an x-ray burst from sgr 1935+2154 |
although 25-50 per cent of white dwarfs (wds) display evidence for remnant planetary systems, their orbital architectures and overall sizes remain unknown. vibrant close-in (≃1 r⊙) circumstellar activity is detected at wds spanning many gyr in age, suggestive of planets further away. here we demonstrate how systems wit... | detectable close-in planets around white dwarfs through late unpacking |
we complete the survey for finite-source/point-lens (fspl) giant-source events in 2016--2019 kmtnet microlensing data. the 30 fspl events show a clear gap in einstein radius, $9 \mu{as} < \theta_{e} < 26 \mu{as}$, which is consistent with the gap in einstein timescales near $t_{e} \sim 0.5$ days found by mróz et ... | free-floating planets, the einstein desert, and 'oumuamua |
we use a novel approach to model the entire cratering process resulting from impacts on small, weak asteroids that uses shock physics code calculations directly. we found that small-scale impacts (with a projectile size less than 1/150 of the target size) can significantly deform weak asteroids, causing global resurfac... | global-scale reshaping and resurfacing of asteroids by small-scale impacts, with applications to the dart and hera missions |
exoplanet surveys have confirmed one of humanity's (and all teenagers') worst fears: we are weird. if our solar system were observed with present-day earth technology -- to put our system and exoplanets on the same footing -- jupiter is the only planet that would be detectable. the statistics of exo-jupiters indicate t... | solar system formation in the context of extrasolar planets |
we present results from applying the snad anomaly detection pipeline to the third public data release of the zwicky transient facility (ztf dr3). the pipeline is composed of three stages: feature extraction, search of outliers with machine learning algorithms, and anomaly identification with followup by human experts. ... | anomaly detection in the zwicky transient facility dr3 |
this work investigates the macroscopic thermomechanical behavior of lunar boulders by modeling their response to diurnal thermal forcing. our results reveal a bimodal, spatiotemporally-complex stress response. during sunrise, stresses occur in the boulders' interiors that are associated with large-scale temperature gra... | thermally induced stresses in boulders on airless body surfaces, and implications for rock breakdown |
weakly-supervised temporal action localization aims to localize action instances temporal boundary and identify the corresponding action category with only video-level labels. traditional methods mainly focus on foreground and background frames separation with only a single attention branch and class activation sequenc... | acm-net: action context modeling network for weakly-supervised temporal action localization |
we analyze the dynamics and observational signatures of axion clouds formed via the superradiant instability around primordial black holes, focusing on the mass range 1014 - 1018 kg where the latter may account for all the dark matter. we take into account the leading effects of axion self-interactions, showing that, e... | superradiant axion clouds around asteroid-mass primordial black holes |
the shear and cohesive strengths of a rubble-pile asteroid could influence the critical spin at which the body fails and its subsequent evolution. we present results using a soft-sphere discrete element method to explore the mechanical properties and dynamical behaviors of self-gravitating rubble piles experiencing inc... | rotational failure of rubble-pile bodies: influences of shear and cohesive strengths |
the yarkovsky effect is a thermal process acting upon the orbits of small celestial bodies, which can cause these orbits to slowly expand or contract with time. the effect is subtle ( $\left\langle {da}/{dt}\right\rangle \sim {10}^{-4}$ au my-1 for a 1 km diameter object) and is thus generally difficult to measure. we ... | yarkovsky drift detections for 247 near-earth asteroids |
the chronology of dust formation in the early solar system remains controversial. chondrules are the most abundant high-temperature objects formed during the evolution of the circumsolar disk. considering chondrule formation, absolute lead‑lead (pbsbnd pb) ages and aluminum‑magnesium (26alsbnd 26mg) ages relative to ca... | a unified chronology of dust formation in the early solar system |
we modeled photometric observations of mutual events (eclipses and occultations) between the components of the binary near-earth asteroid (65803) didymos, the target of the double asteroid redirection test (dart) space mission, which were taken from 2003 to 2021. we derived parameters of the modified keplerian mutual o... | preimpact mutual orbit of the dart target binary asteroid (65803) didymos derived from observations of mutual events in 2003-2021 |
using the s-band radar at arecibo observatory, we observed 16 psyche, the largest m-class asteroid in the main belt. we obtained 18 radar imaging and 6 continuous wave runs in november and december 2015, and combined these with 16 continuous wave runs from 2005 and 6 recent adaptive-optics (ao) images (drummond et al.,... | radar observations and shape model of asteroid 16 psyche |
the secular approximation of the hierarchical three body systems has been proven to be very useful in addressing many astrophysical systems, from planets to stars to black holes. in such a system, two objects are on a tight orbit and the tertiary is on a much wider orbit. here, we study the dynamics of a system by taki... | the eccentric kozai-lidov mechanism for outer test particle |
nasa's double asteroid redirection test (dart) spacecraft is planned to impact the natural satellite of (65803) didymos, dimorphos, at around 23:14 utc on 2022 september 26, causing a reduction in its orbital period that will be measurable with ground-based observations. this test of kinetic impactor technology will pr... | predictions for the dynamical states of the didymos system before and after the planned dart impact |
the asteroid impact & deflection assessment (aida) mission is a joint cooperation between european and us space agencies that consists of two separate and independent spacecraft that will be launched to a binary asteroid system, the near-earth asteroid didymos, to test the kinetic impactor technique to deflect an a... | science case for the asteroid impact mission (aim): a component of the asteroid impact & deflection assessment (aida) mission |
the early impact bombardment of mars has been linked to the bombardment history of the inner solar system as a whole. however, the timing and number of basin-forming impacts on mars are poorly constrained. the borealis basin--thought to be the largest and oldest known martian impact basin--forms the crustal dichotomy b... | a post-accretionary lull in large impacts on early mars |
the ablation of cosmic dust injects a range of metals into planetary upper atmospheres. in addition, dust particles which survive atmospheric entry can be an important source of organic material at a planetary surface. in this study the contribution of metals and organics from three cosmic dust sources - jupiter-family... | cosmic dust fluxes in the atmospheres of earth, mars, and venus |
analyses of meteorites and theoretical models indicate that some carbonaceous near-earth asteroids may have been thermally altered due to radiative heating during close approaches to the sun1-3. however, the lack of direct measurements on the subsurface doesn't allow us to distinguish thermal alteration due to radiativ... | thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) ryugu |
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