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the near-earth object wide-field infrared survey explorer (neowise) reactivation mission has completed its third year of surveying the sky in the thermal infrared for near-earth asteroids and comets. neowise collects simultaneous observations at 3.4 and 4.6 μm of solar system objects passing through its field of regard... | neowise reactivation mission year three: asteroid diameters and albedos |
we use data from five stellar occultations observed between 2013 and 2016 to constrain chariklo’s size and shape, and the ring reflectivity. we consider four possible models for chariklo (sphere, maclaurin spheroid, triaxial ellipsoid, and jacobi ellipsoid), and we use a bayesian approach to estimate the corresponding ... | size and shape of chariklo from multi-epoch stellar occultations |
we were able to accurately predict the shadow path and successfully observe an occultation of a bright star by chiron on december 15, 2022. the kottamia astronomical observatory in egypt did not detect the occultation by the solid body, but we found three extinction features in the light curve that had symmetrical coun... | changing material around (2060) chiron revealed by an occultation on december 15, 2022 |
planet formation begins with collisional growth of small planetesimals accumulating into larger ones. such growth occurs while planetesimals are embedded in a gaseous protoplanetary disc. however, small planetesimals experience collisions and gas drag that lead to their destruction on short time-scales, not allowing, o... | planet seeding through gas-assisted capture of interstellar objects |
context. a large fraction of transneptunian objects are found in binary pairs, ~30% in the cold classical population between ahel ~ 39 and ~48 au. observationally, these binaries generally have components of similar size and colour. previous work has shown that gravitational collapse of a pebble cloud is an efficient m... | investigating gravitational collapse of a pebble cloud to form transneptunian binaries |
we investigate the possible origins of real high-inclination centaurs and trans-neptunian objects using a high-resolution statistical search for stable orbits that simulates their evolution back in time to the epoch when planet formation ended 4.5 billion years in the past. the simulation is a precise orbit determinati... | an interstellar origin for high-inclination centaurs |
we report on our detailed characterization of earth's second known temporary natural satellite, or minimoon, asteroid 2020 cd3. an artificial origin can be ruled out based on its area-to-mass ratio and broadband photometry, which suggest that it is a silicate asteroid belonging to the s or v complex in asteroid taxonom... | establishing earth's minimoon population through characterization of asteroid 2020 cd3 |
in this work, we model the collisional evolution of the jupiter trojans and determine under which conditions the eurybates-queta system survives. we show that the collisional strength of the jupiter trojans and the age of the eurybates family and by extension queta are correlated. the collisional grinding of the jupite... | implications for the collisional strength of jupiter trojans from the eurybates family |
with the successful impact of the nasa double asteroid redirection test (dart) spacecraft in the didymos-dimorphos binary asteroid system, we provide an initial analysis of the post-impact perturbed binary asteroid dynamics. to compare our simulation results with observations, we introduce a set of "observable elements... | the perturbed full two-body problem: application to post-dart didymos |
collected by mars rovers and orbital modules data allowed the researchers to reconstruct the possible stages of development of mars: the first geological era - phyllocian (4,5 - 4,0-3,8)×109 years ago, the second era - theiikian (4,0-3, - 3,5-3,3)×109 years ago, and about (3,5 - 3,3)×109 years ago the third era began -... | is there life on mars and where necessary to search for its traces |
chondrites are fragments of unmelted asteroids that formed due to gravitational instabilities in turbulent regions of the solar protoplanetary disk. hydrated chondrites are common among meteorites, indicating that a substantial fraction of the rocky bodies that formed early in the solar system accreted water ice grains... | thermal evolution of hydrated asteroids inferred from oxygen isotopes |
nasa's double asteroid redirection test (dart) mission is the first full-scale planetary defense mission. the target is the binary asteroid (65803) didymos, in which the smaller component dimorphos (~164 m equivalent diameter) orbits the larger component didymos (~780 m equivalent diameter). the dart spacecraft will im... | double asteroid redirection test (dart): structural and dynamic interactions between asteroidal elements of binary asteroid (65803) didymos |
different discretization and trust-region methods are compared for the low-thrust fuel-optimal trajectory optimization problem using successive convex programming. in particular, the differential and integral formulations of the adaptive pseudospectral legendre-gauss-radau method, an arbitrary-order legendre-gauss-loba... | performance assessment of convex low-thrust trajectory optimization methods |
the five libration points of a sun-planet system are stable or unstable fixed positions at which satellites or asteroids can remain fixed relative to the two orbiting bodies. a moon orbiting around the planet causes a time-dependent perturbation on the system. here, we address the sense in which invariant structure rem... | on the stability of satellites at unstable libration points of sun-planet-moon systems |
worldwide tsunamis driven by atmospheric waves-or planetary meteotsunami waves-are extremely rare events. they mostly occur during supervolcano explosions or asteroid impacts capable to generate atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves including the lamb waves that can circle the globe multiple times. recently, such ocean wa... | destructive potential of planetary meteotsunami waves beyond the hunga tonga-hunga ha`apai volcano eruption |
understanding the origin and evolution of near-earth asteroids (neas) is an issue of scientific interest and practical importance because neas are potentially hazardous to the earth. however, when and how neas formed and their evolutionary history remain enigmas. here, we report the u-pb systematics of itokawa particle... | thermal and impact histories of 25143 itokawa recorded in hayabusa particles |
early stage smoke detection using image and video analysis is an important area of research due to its enormous applications in mitigating fire hazards and ensuring environmental safety. numerous solutions have been proposed for real-time smoke detection using conventional image processing, machine learning, and deep l... | a survey on vision-based outdoor smoke detection techniques for environmental safety |
we report evidence of comet-like activity on asteroid 2009 dq118, a quasi-hilda object near the 3:2 interior mean-motion resonance with jupiter. this discovery was made by volunteers as part of the active asteroids citizen science project, a nasa partner hosted on the zooniverse platform. follow-up archival searches yi... | comet-like activity discovered on quasi-hilda asteroid 2009 dq118 |
acapulcoites-lodranites, ureilites, brachinites, brachinite-like achondrites and winonaites are the main groups of primitive achondrites. they are variably depleted in incompatible lithophile elements (al, na, k and rare earth elements) and siderophile/chalcophile elements relative to chondrites and are interpreted as ... | formation of primitive achondrites by partial melting of alkali-undepleted planetesimals in the inner solar system |
measuring the strengths of asteroidal materials is important for developing mitigation strategies for potential earth impactors and for understanding properties of in situ materials on asteroids during human and robotic exploration. studies of asteroid disruption and fragmentation have typically used the strengths dete... | scale-dependent measurements of meteorite strength: implications for asteroid fragmentation |
alteration of iron sulfides on the lunar surface by space weathering is poorly understood. we examined space weathering features of iron sulfides in lunar mature soil grains using scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). sem observations reveal that iron sulfides have vesicular tex... | space weathering of iron sulfides in the lunar surface environment |
we performed h+ and he+ irradiation experiments on slabs of the murchison cm2 meteorite to simulate solar wind irradiation of carbonaceous asteroids. two separate 6 mm × 6 mm regions were irradiated with 1 kev h+ and 4 kev he+, respectively, to fluences of 8.1 × 1017 ions/cm2 for h+ and 1 × 1018 ions/cm2 for he+. unirr... | characterizing the spectral, microstructural, and chemical effects of solar wind irradiation on the murchison carbonaceous chondrite through coordinated analyses |
micrometeorites (mms) recovered from surface snow near the dome fuji station, antarctica are almost free from terrestrial weathering and contain very primitive materials, and are suitable for investigation of the evolution and interaction of inorganic and organic materials in the early solar system. we carried out a co... | variation of mineralogy and organic material during the early stages of aqueous activity recorded in antarctic micrometeorites |
chondritic meteorites are fragments of asteroids, the building blocks of planets, that retain a record of primordial processes. important in their early evolution was impact-driven lithification, where a porous mixture of millimetre-scale chondrule inclusions and sub-micrometre dust was compacted into rock. in this art... | probing the early stages of shock-induced chondritic meteorite formation at the mesoscale |
this paper presents an improved algorithm for the 2d and 3d fourier forward modeling of gravity fields caused by polyhedral bodies with constant and exponential density distributions. three modifications have been made to the fourier forward algorithm introduced in a previous paper. first, vertex-based fourier-domain e... | improved fourier modeling of gravity fields caused by polyhedral bodies: with applications to asteroid bennu and comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko |
we estimate the capture rate of interstellar objects by means of three-body gravitational interactions. we apply this model to the sun-jupiter system and the alpha centauri a&b binary system, and find that the radius of the largest captured object is a few tens of km and earth-sized, respectively. we explore the im... | implications of captured interstellar objects for panspermia and extraterrestrial life |
in ordinary chondrites (ocs), phosphates and feldspar are secondary minerals known to be the products of parent-body metamorphism. both minerals provide evidence that metasomatic fluids played a role during metamorphism. we studied the petrology and chemistry of phosphates and feldspar in petrologic type 4-6 l chondrit... | phosphate and feldspar mineralogy of equilibrated l chondrites: the record of metasomatism during metamorphism in ordinary chondrite parent bodies |
to understand oxygen isotope ratios and redox conditions of the chondrule formation environments of the outer rigions of the asteroid belt, we analyzed major element concentrations and oxygen isotope ratios of olivine grains in chondrules, isolated forsterite, and isolated olivine from the wis 91600 and met 00432 carbo... | oxygen isotope reservoirs in the outer asteroid belt inferred from oxygen isotope systematics of chondrule olivines and isolated forsterite and olivine grains in tagish lake-type carbonaceous chondrites, wis 91600 and met 00432 |
context. cm-like asteroids (ch and cgh classes) are a major population within the broader c-complex, encompassing about 10% of the mass of the main asteroid belt. their internal structure has been predicted to be homogeneous, based on their compositional similarity as inferred from spectroscopy and numerical modeling o... | homogeneous internal structure of cm-like asteroid (41) daphne |
the asteroid belt is characterized by the radial mixing of bodies with different physical properties, a very low mass compared to minimum mass solar nebula expectations and has an excited orbital distribution, with eccentricities and inclinations covering the entire range of values allowed by the constraints of dynamic... | is the grand tack model compatible with the orbital distribution of main belt asteroids? |
we present a method to identify distant solar system objects in long-term wide-field asteroid survey data, and conduct a search for them in the pan-starrs1 (ps1) image data acquired from 2010 to mid-2015. we demonstrate that our method is able to find multi-opposition orbital links, and we present the resulting orbital... | distant solar system objects identified in the pan-starrs1 survey |
we present a new extensive analysis of the old problem of finding a satisfactory calibration of the relation between the geometric albedo and some measurable polarization properties of the asteroids. to achieve our goals, we use all polarimetric data at our disposal. for the purposes of calibration, we use a limited sa... | on the calibration of the relation between geometric albedo and polarimetric properties for the asteroids |
we present deepstreaks, a convolutional-neural-network, deep-learning system designed to efficiently identify streaking fast-moving near-earth objects that are detected in the data of the zwicky transient facility (ztf), a wide-field, time-domain survey using a dedicated 47 deg2 camera attached to the samuel oschin 48-... | deepstreaks: identifying fast-moving objects in the zwicky transient facility data with deep learning |
asteroid material is detected in white dwarfs (wds) as atmospheric pollution by metals, in the form of gas/dust discs, or in photometric transits. within the current paradigm, minor bodies need to be scattered, most likely by planets, into highly eccentric orbits where the material gets disrupted by tidal forces and th... | dynamical evolution of two-planet systems and its connection with white dwarf atmospheric pollution |
self-replicating probes are spacecraft with the capacity to create copies of themselves. self-replication would potentially allow for an exponential increase in the number of probes and thereby drastically improve the efficiency of space exploration. despite this potential, an integrated assessment of self-replicating ... | near-term self-replicating probes - a concept design |
this paper describes the architecture and demonstrates the capabilities of a newly developed, physically-based imaging simulator environment called sispo, developed for small solar system body fly-by and terrestrial planet surface mission simulations. the image simulator utilises the open-source 3-d visualisation syste... | sispo: space imaging simulator for proximity operations |
recently, the inner main belt asteroid (152830) dinkinesh was identified as an additional fly- by target for the lucy mission. the heliocentric orbit and approximate absolute magnitude of dinkinesh are known, but little additional information was available prior to its selection as a target. in particular, the lack of ... | keck and gemini spectral characterization of lucy mission fly-by target (152830) dinkinesh |
in the framework of the visible neas observations survey (vinos) that uses several telescopes at the canary islands observatories since 2018, we observed two superfast rotator neas, 2021 ny1 and 2022 ab. we obtained photometry and spectrophotometry of both targets and visible spectroscopy of 2022 ab. light curves of 20... | observations of two superfast rotator neas: 2021 ny1 and 2022 ab |
we have carried out a systematic study involving sem, epma, and tem analyses to determine the textures and compositions of sulfides and sulfide-metal assemblages in a suite of minimally to weakly altered cm and cr carbonaceous chondrites. we have attempted to constrain the distribution and origin of primary sulfides th... | primary iron sulfides in cm and cr carbonaceous chondrites: insights into nebular processes |
the moon is an archive of impact cratering in the solar system throughout the past 4.5 billion years. it preserves this record better than larger, more complex planets like the earth, mars and venus, which have largely lost their ancient crusts through geological reprocessing and hydrospheric/atmospheric weathering. id... | the moon: an archive of small body migration in the solar system |
the 26al-26mg short-lived chronometer has been widely used for dating ancient objects in studying the early solar system. here, we use this chronometer to investigate and refine the geological history of the asteroid 4-vesta. ten meteorites widely believed to come from vesta (4 basaltic eucrites, 3 cumulate eucrites an... | differentiation and magmatic activity in vesta evidenced by 26al-26mg dating in eucrites and diogenites |
we report u-pb, 87rb-87sr, 40ar-39ar, and 238u/235u isotopic data for paired ungrouped achondrites nwa 6704 and nwa 6693 that were derived from a highly oxidised parent body with broadly chondritic composition (warren et al., 2013; hibiya et al., 2019). pb-isotopic ages derived from isochrons for multiple acid-leached ... | u-pb, rb-sr and ar-ar systematics of the ungrouped achondrites northwest africa 6704 and northwest africa 6693 |
evaluating the molecular distribution of organic compounds in pristine extraterrestrial materials is cornerstone to understanding the abiotic synthesis of organics and allows us to better understand the molecular diversity available during the formation of our solar system and before the origins of life on earth. in th... | pahs, hydrocarbons, and dimethylsulfides in asteroid ryugu samples a0106 and c0107 and the orgueil (ci1) meteorite |
we used long duration observations from the transient exoplanet survey satellite (tess) to investigate the behavior of comet c/2014 un271 bernardinelli-bernstein at large heliocentric distances. by combining data from sector 03 (976 30 minute exposures from 2018), and sectors 29 and 30 (3585 and 3410 10 minute exposure... | early activity in comet c/2014 un271 bernardinelli-bernstein as observed by tess |
we report a nanosims search for presolar grains in the cm chondrites asuka (a) 12169 and a12236. we found 90 presolar o rich grains and 25 sic grains in a12169, giving matrix normalized abundances of 275 (+55/−50, 1σ) ppm or, excluding an unusually large grain, 236 (+37/−34) ppm for o rich grains and 62 (+15/−12) ppm f... | presolar stardust in highly pristine cm chondrites asuka 12169 and asuka 12236 |
the miniaturised asteroid remote geophysical observer (m-argo) mission is designed to be esa's first stand-alone cubesat to independently travel in deep space with its own electric propulsion and direct-to-earth communication systems in order to rendezvous with a near-earth asteroid. deep-space cubesats are appealing o... | deep-space optical navigation for m-argo mission |
this paper investigates the equatorial cavities found on asteroids 2008 ev5 and 2000 dp107 alpha. as the likelihood of these cavities being impact craters is demonstrated to be low, the paper presents a fission mechanism that explains their existence as a scar of past fission events. the dynamical environment of "top-s... | equatorial cavities on asteroids, an evidence of fission events |
small bodies are among the best tracers of our solar system's history. a large number of space missions to small bodies (past and future) offer a unique opportunity to use these bodies as a natural laboratory to study the different processes, mechanical structures, and responses that drive the origin and evolution of s... | shapes, structures, and evolution of small bodies |
during solar system condensation, the early earth formed through planetesimal accretion, including collision of a mars-sized asteroid. these processes rapidly increased the overall thermal budget and partial fusion of the planet. aided by heat supplied by radioactivity and infall of the fe-ni core, devolatilization and... | earth's thermal evolution, mantle convection, and hadean onset of plate tectonics |
satellite remote sensing has been used as an effective tool to monitor and manage seagrass beds, but this tool is not appropriate to use in highly turbid waters along the coast of korea. in this study, satellite data were used to identify the method for detecting seagrass beds in turbid bay waters and describing tempor... | observation of typhoon-induced seagrass die-off using remote sensing |
primordial black holes formed in an early postinflation matter-dominated epoch during preheating provide a novel pathway for a source of the dark matter that utilizes known physics in combination with plausible speculations about the role of quantum gravity. two cases are considered here: survival of planck-scale relic... | primordial rotating black holes |
in 2022 september, the dart spacecraft (nasa's contribution to the asteroid impact & deflection assessment (aida) collaboration) will impact the asteroid dimorphos, the secondary in the didymos system. the crater formation and material ejection will affect the orbital period. in 2027, hera (esa's contribution to ai... | momentum enhancement during kinetic impacts in the low-intermediate-strength regime: benchmarking and validation of impact shock physics codes |
the trojan asteroids of jupiter and neptune are likely to have been captured from original heliocentric orbits in the dynamically excited (“hot”) population of the kuiper belt. however, it has long been known that the optical color distributions of the jovian trojans and the hot population are not alike. this differenc... | the trojan color conundrum |
the jupiter trojans constitute an important asteroidal population both in number and also in relation to their dynamical and physical properties. they are asteroids located around l4 and l5 lagrangian points on relatively stable orbits, in 1: 1 mean motion resonance with jupiter. however, not all of them lie in orbits ... | the dynamical evolution of escaped jupiter trojan asteroids, link to other minor body populations |
we present an analysis of survey observations targeting the leading l4 jupiter trojan cloud near opposition using the wide-field suprime-cam ccd camera on the 8.2 m subaru telescope. the survey covered about 38 deg2 of sky and imaged 147 fields spread across a wide region of the l4 cloud. each field was imaged in both ... | the color-magnitude distribution of small jupiter trojans |
the am cvn systems are a class of he-rich, post-period minimum, semidetached, ultracompact binaries. their long-term light curves have been poorly understood due to the few systems known and the long (hundreds of days) recurrence times between outbursts. we present combined photometric light curves from the lincoln nea... | long-term photometric behaviour of outbursting am cvn systems |
we present the first self-consistent simulations of the coupled spin-shape evolution of small gravitational aggregates under the influence of the yorp effect. because of yorp’s sensitivity to surface topography, even small centrifugally driven reconfigurations of aggregates can alter the yorp torque dramatically, resul... | coupled spin and shape evolution of small rubble-pile asteroids: self-limitation of the yorp effect |
bennu is an ~500-m-diameter rubble-pile asteroid that is the target of detailed study by the origins, spectral interpretation, resource identification, and security-regolith explorer (osiris-rex) mission. here we use data from the osiris-rex laser altimeter to assess depth-to-diameter ratios (d/d) of 108 impact craters... | the morphometry of impact craters on bennu |
white dwarfs containing orbiting planetesimals or their debris represent crucial benchmarks by which theoretical investigations of post-main-sequence planetary systems may be calibrated. the photometric transit signatures of likely planetary debris in the ztf j0139+5245 white dwarf system have an orbital period of abou... | constraining the origin of the planetary debris surrounding ztf j0139+5245 through rotational fission of a triaxial asteroid |
the only discovery of earth trojan 2010 tk7 and the subsequent launch of osiris-rex have motived us to investigate the stability around the triangular lagrange points of the earth, l4 and l5. in this paper we present detailed dynamical maps on the (a0, i0) plane with the spectral number (sn) indicating the stability. t... | orbital stability of earth trojans |
asteroids are primitive solar system bodies that evolve both collisionally and through disruptions arising from rapid rotation. these processes can lead to the formation of binary asteroids and to the release of dust, both directly and, in some cases, through uncovering frozen volatiles. in a subset of the asteroids ca... | a binary main-belt comet |
the near-earth asteroid (469219) kamo'oalewa (aka 2016 ho3) is an earth coorbital and a potential space mission target. its short-term dynamics are characterized by a periodic switching between quasisatellite and horseshoe configurations. due to its small diameter of only about 36 m, the yarkovsky effect may play a sig... | the role of the yarkovsky effect in the long-term dynamics of asteroid (469219) kamo'oalewa |
vatira-class near-earth objects (neos) have orbits entirely interior to the orbit of venus with aphelia 0.307 < q < 0.718 au. recently discovered asteroid 2020 av2 by the zwicky transient facility on 4 january 2020 is the first known object on a vatira orbit. numerical integrations of 2020 av2's nominal orbit sho... | orbital dynamics of 2020 av2: the first vatira asteroid |
of the 21 known gaseous debris discs around white dwarfs, a large fraction of them display observational features that are well described by an eccentric distribution of gas. in the absence of embedded objects or additional forces, these discs should not remain eccentric for long time-scales, and should instead circula... | formation of eccentric gas discs from sublimating or partially disrupted asteroids orbiting white dwarfs |
context. the esa rosetta spacecraft, currently orbiting around comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko, has already provided in situ measurements of the dust grain properties from several instruments,particularly osiris and giada. we propose adding value to those measurements by combining them with ground-based observations of... | the dust environment of comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko from rosetta osiris and vlt observations in the 4.5 to 2.9 au heliocentric distance range inbound |
the search for signs of life through the detection of exoplanet atmosphere biosignature gases is gaining momentum. yet, only a handful of rocky exoplanet atmospheres are suitable for observation with planned next-generation telescopes. to broaden prospects, we describe the possibilities for an aerial, liquid water clou... | possibilities for an aerial biosphere in temperate sub neptune-sized exoplanet atmospheres |
fumaroles are the surface manifestation of hydrothermal circulation and can be influenced by magmatic, hydrothermal, hydrological and tectonic processes. this study investigates the temporal changes in fumarole temperatures and spatial extent on aluto, a restless volcano in the main ethiopian rift (mer), in order to be... | satellite observations of fumarole activity at aluto volcano, ethiopia: implications for geothermal monitoring and volcanic hazard |
high-resolution 3d information on lunar and planetary surfaces is crucial for planetary exploration missions and science. photogrammetry is a state-of-the-art technology for generating 3d topographic models of surfaces such as digital elevation models (dems). the performance of the photogrammetry and the resulting dems... | an integrated photogrammetric and photoclinometric approach for illumination-invariant pixel-resolution 3d mapping of the lunar surface |
the japanese hayabusa2 mission has revealed in detail the physical characteristics of the c-type asteroid 162173 ryugu, in particular, its spinning top-shaped rubble-pile structure and potentially high organic content. a widely accepted formation scenario for ryugu is catastrophic collision between larger asteroids and... | the asteroid 162173 ryugu: a cometary origin |
building upon the recent development of solar sailing primer vector theory and its successful applications, we propose a new formulation for indirect solar-sail trajectory optimization, which minimizes solar angle (cone angle between the sail normal and sunlight vectors) over a trajectory. the minimum solar-angle objec... | indirect trajectory optimization via solar sailing primer vector theory: minimum solar-angle transfers |
nasa's osiris-rex mission to asteroid (101955) bennu relied on the production of real-time shape models for both spacecraft navigation and scientific analysis. the primary method of constructing shape models during the early phases of the mission was image-based stereophotoclinometry (spc). the spc shape models were us... | validation of stereophotoclinometric shape models of asteroid (101955) bennu during the osiris-rex mission |
the solar system's terrestrial planets are thought to have accreted over millions of years out of a sea of smaller embryos and planetesimals. because it is impossible to know the surface density profile for solids and size frequency distribution in the primordial solar nebula, distinguishing between the various propose... | embryo formation with gpu acceleration: reevaluating the initial conditions for terrestrial accretion |
results from a meteor head echo shower survey using the quasi continuous meteor observations of the high power large aperture radar maarsy, located in northern norway (69.30°n, 16.04°e) are presented. the data set comprises 760 000 head echoes detected during two and half years sensitive to an effective limiting masses... | a meteoroid stream survey using meteor head echo observations from the middle atmosphere alomar radar system (maarsy) |
ion-scale magnetospheres have been observed around comets, weakly magnetized asteroids, and localized regions on the moon and provide a unique environment to study kinetic-scale plasma physics, in particular in the collision-less regime. in this work, we present the results of particle-in-cell simulations that replicat... | laser-driven, ion-scale magnetospheres in laboratory plasmas. ii. particle-in-cell simulations |
returned samples from cb-type asteroid (162173) ryugu exhibit very dark spectra in visible and near-infrared ranges, generally consistent with the hayabusa2 observations. a critical difference is that a structural water absorption of hydrous silicates is around twice as deep in the returned samples compared with those ... | space weathering acts strongly on the uppermost surface of ryugu |
hayabusa2 is an asteroid sample return mission carried out by the japan aerospace exploration agency. the spacecraft was launched in 2014 and arrived at the target asteroid ryugu on june 27, 2018. during the 1.5-year proximity phase, several critical operations (including two landing/sampling operations) were successfu... | image-based autonomous navigation of hayabusa2 using artificial landmarks: the design and brief in-flight results of the first landing on asteroid ryugu |
developing highly efficient, sustainable carbon cathodes is essential for emerging zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (zics). herein, lignin's novel chemical modification (amination) has been developed to produce high quantity pyrrolic-n moieties as active sites. furthermore, chemically modified amine moieties in lignin are... | rational design of pyrrolic-n dominated carbon material derived from aminated lignin for zn-ion supercapacitors |
we provide the spherical harmonic solutions to evaluate the external gravitational field of a general polyhedral body with arbitrary polynomial density contrast, including the gravitational potential and its arbitrary-order derivatives. the linear recursive algorithm for computation of the spherical harmonic coefficien... | spherical harmonic expansions for the gravitational field of a polyhedral body with polynomial density contrast |
using new data and recent models this paper derives a total combined flux model of the mass reaching earth as interplanetary material. for the small sizes the interplanetary flux model by grün et al. (1985) was used which describes the mass flux at 1 au for meteoroids in the mass range 10-21 kg to about 10-1 kg. for th... | mass accumulation of earth from interplanetary dust, meteoroids, asteroids and comets |
nasa's dart spacecraft is planned to reach and impact asteroid dimorphos, the small moon of binary asteroid (65803) didymos, at a velocity of 6 km s-1 in late 2022 september. dart will be the first mission to test the "kinetic impactor" technique, aimed at deflecting the orbital path of a potentially hazardous asteroid... | ejecta formation, early collisional processes, and dynamical evolution after the dart impact on dimorphos |
the jovian trojans are two swarms of objects located around the l4 and l5 lagrange points. the population is thought to have been captured by jupiter during the solar system's youth. within the swarms, six collisional families have been identified in previous work, with four in the l4 swarm, and two in the l5. our aim ... | stability of jovian trojans and their collisional families |
low-albedo, hydrated objects dominate the list of the largest asteroids. these objects have varied spectral shapes in the 3-μm region, where diagnostic absorptions due to volatile species are found. dawn's visit to ceres has extended the view shaped by ground-based observing and shown that world to be a complex one, po... | infrared spectroscopy of large, low-albedo asteroids: are ceres and themis archetypes or outliers? |
the goal of project gauss (genesis of asteroids and evolution of the solar system) is to return samples from the dwarf planet ceres. ceres is the most accessible candidate of ocean worlds and the largest reservoir of water in the inner solar system. it shows active volcanism and hydrothermal activities in recent histor... | gauss - genesis of asteroids and evolution of the solar system |
the double asteroid redirection test (dart) is the first planetary defense mission to demonstrate the kinetic deflection technique. the dart spacecraft will collide with the asteroid dimorphos, the smaller component of the binary asteroid system (65803) didymos. the dart impact will excavate surface/subsurface material... | nasa's double asteroid redirection test (dart): mutual orbital period change due to reshaping in the near-earth binary asteroid system (65803) didymos |
formed from a catastrophic collision of a parent body larger than 150 km in diameter, the flora family is located in the innermost part of the main belt near the {ν }6 secular resonance. objects in this region, when pushed onto planet-crossing orbits, tend to have relatively high probabilities of striking the earth. th... | forming the flora family: implications for the near-earth asteroid population and large terrestrial planet impactors |
the gap between two component debris discs is often taken to be carved by intervening planets scattering away the remnant planetesimals. we employ n-body simulations to determine how the time needed to clear the gap depends on the location of the gap and the mass of the planets. we invert this relation, and provide an ... | the unseen planets of double belt debris disc systems |
we present the discovery of activity originating from quasi-hilda object 2018 cz16, a finding stemming from the citizen science project active asteroids. for 2018 cz16 we identified a broad (~60°) but short (~5″) tail in archival blanco 4 m data from cerro tololo inter-american observatory, chile, (ctio) dark energy ca... | cometary activity on quasi-hilda object 2018 cz16 |
the regolith transport near the surface of an asteroid is inherently sensitive to the local topography. in this paper, conditions of surface mass shedding and the subsequent evolution of the shedding material are studied for the primary of 65803 didymos, serving as a representative for a large group of top-shaped aster... | the dynamical complexity of surface mass shedding from a top-shaped asteroid near the critical spin limit |
entry and breakup models predict that airburst in the earth's atmosphere is likely for non-metallic asteroids with diameters up to approximately 200 meters. (collins, 2005; collins, 2017; wheeler, 2017). objects of this size can deposit over 250 megatons of energy into the atmosphere. fast-running ground damage predict... | simulation-based height of burst map for asteroid airburst damage prediction |
observed planetary debris in white dwarf atmospheres predominately originate from the destruction of small bodies on highly eccentric (>0.99) orbits. despite their importance, these minor planets have coupled physical and orbital evolution, which has remained largely unexplored. here, we present a novel approach for... | chaotic rotation and evolution of asteroids and small planets in high-eccentricity orbits around white dwarfs |
strassen's asymptotic rank conjecture [progr. math. 120 (1994)] claims a strong submultiplicative upper bound on the rank of a three-tensor obtained as an iterated kronecker product of a constant-size base tensor. the conjecture, if true, most notably would put square matrix multiplication in quadratic time. we note he... | the asymptotic rank conjecture and the set cover conjecture are not both true |
in this paper, we demonstrate gap amplification for reconfiguration problems. in particular, we prove an explicit factor of pspace-hardness of approximation for three popular reconfiguration problems only assuming the reconfiguration inapproximability hypothesis (rih) due to ohsaka (stacs 2023). our main result is that... | gap amplification for reconfiguration problems |
debris discs are typically revealed through the presence of excess emission at infrared wavelengths. most discs exhibit excess at mid- and far-infrared wavelengths, analogous to the solar system’s asteroid and edgeworth-kuiper belts. recently, stars with strong (∼1%) excess at near-infrared wavelengths were identified ... | polarization measurements of hot dust stars and the local interstellar medium |
recently, there has been a worldwide proliferation of instruments and networks dedicated to observing meteors, including airborne and future space-based monitoring systems . there has been a corresponding rapid rise in high quality data accumulating annually. in this paper, we present a method embodied in the open-sour... | orbit determination based on meteor observations using numerical integration of equations of motion |
since the release of llm-based tools such as github copilot and chatgpt the media and popular scientific literature, but also journals such as the communications of the acm, have been flooded with opinions how these tools will change programming. the opinions range from ``machines will program themselves'', to ``ai doe... | what skills do you need when developing software using chatgpt? (discussion paper) |
hera represents the european space agency's inaugural planetary defence space mission, and plays a pivotal role in the asteroid impact and deflection assessment international collaboration with nasa dart mission that performed the first asteroid deflection experiment using the kinetic impactor techniques. with the prim... | the hera radio science experiment at didymos |
we introduce the fundamental ideas and challenges of predictable ai, a nascent research area that explores the ways in which we can anticipate key indicators of present and future ai ecosystems. we argue that achieving predictability is crucial for fostering trust, liability, control, alignment and safety of ai ecosyst... | predictable artificial intelligence |
the near-earth object surveyor (neo surveyor) mission has a requirement to find two-thirds of the potentially hazardous asteroids larger than 140 m in size. in order to determine the mission's expected progress toward this goal during design and testing, as well as the actual progress during the survey, a simulation to... | validation of the survey simulator tool for the neo surveyor mission using neowise data |
being the first of its kind, the white dwarf wd 1145+017 exhibits a complex system of disintegrating debris which offers a unique opportunity to study its disruption process in real time. even with plenty of transit observations there are no clear constraints on the masses or eccentricities of such debris. using n-body... | mass and eccentricity constraints on the planetary debris orbiting the white dwarf wd 1145+017 |
exploration of asteroid (101955) bennu by the osiris-rex mission has provided an in-depth look at this rubble-pile near-earth asteroid. in particular, the measured gravity field and the detailed shape model of bennu indicate significant heterogeneities in its interior structure, compatible with a lower density at its c... | internal rubble properties of asteroid (101955) bennu |
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