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the samples returned from near-earth asteroid (162173) ryugu provide a pristine record of the 4.6 billion years since the birth of the solar system. the hayabusa2 initial analysis team has integrated a range of analytical techniques to investigate ryugu's organic chemistry. here, we highlight their latest findings, the... | ryugu asteroid sample return provides a natural laboratory for primordial chemical evolution |
knowledge of the surface thermal inertia of an asteroid can provide insight into its surface structure: porous material has a lower thermal inertia than rock. we develop a means to estimate thermal inertia values of asteroids and use it to show that thermal inertia appears to increase with spin period in the case of ma... | thermal tomography of asteroid surface structure |
the existence of asteroid pairs, two bodies on similar heliocentric orbits, reveals an ongoing process of rotational fission among asteroids. this newly found class of objects has not been studied in detail yet. here we choose asteroids (6070) rheinland and (54827) 2001 nq8, the most suitable pair for an in-depth analy... | detailed analysis of the asteroid pair (6070) rheinland and (54827) 2001 nq8 |
context. in meteor physics, the luminous efficiency τ is used to convert the meteor's magnitude to the corresponding meteoroid's mass. however, a lack of sufficiently accurate verification methods or adequate laboratory tests mean that discussions around this parameter are a subject of controversy.aims: in this work, w... | luminous efficiency based on fripon meteors and limitations of ablation models |
near-earth asteroids are a great threat to the earth, especially potential rendezvous and collision asteroids. to protect the earth from an asteroid collision, it is necessary to investigate the asteroid defence problem. an asteroid terminal defence method based on multisatellite interception was designed in this study... | multisatellite task allocation and orbit planning for asteroid terminal defence |
iron meteorites are thought to be samples of metallic cores and pools that formed in diverse small planetary bodies. their great diversity offers remarkable insights into the formation of asteroids and the early history of the solar system. the chemical compositions of iron meteorites generally match those predicted fr... | iron meteorites: composition, age, and origin |
osiris-rex began observing particle ejection events shortly after entering orbit around near-earth asteroid (101955) bennu in january 2019. for some of these events, the only observations of the ejected particles come from the first two images taken immediately after the event by osiris-rex's navcam 1 imager. without t... | reconstruction of bennu particle events from sparse data |
recent data processing showed the existence of a difference that can reach 25 per cent for the dimensions of asteroid (216) kleopatra between the radar observations and the light curves. we rebuild the shape of (216) kleopatra from these new data applying a correction's factor of the size of 1.15 and estimate certain p... | 3d plausible orbital stability close to asteroid (216) kleopatra |
context. the fields instrument onboard parker solar probe (psp) observes dust impacts on the spacecraft. the derived dust flux rates suggest that the particles originate from the vicinities of the sun and are ejected by radiation pressure. radiation pressure typically ejects particles of several 100 nm and smaller, whi... | dust observations from parker solar probe: dust ejection from the inner solar system |
we analysed 44 fine-grained and scoriaceous micrometeorites. a bulk mid-ir spectrum (8-13 μm) for each grain was collected and the entire micrometeorite population classified into 5 spectral groups, based on the positions of their absorption bands. corresponding carbonaceous raman spectra, textural observations from se... | the thermal decomposition of fine-grained micrometeorites, observations from mid-ir spectroscopy |
the physical processes active during the crystallization of a low-pressure, low-gravity planetesimal core are poorly understood but have implications for asteroidal magnetic fields and large-scale asteroidal structure. we consider a core with only a thin silicate shell, which could be analogous to some m-type asteroids... | core solidification and dynamo evolution in a mantle-stripped planetesimal |
context. radiative heat transfer occurs in a porous medium, such as regolith on planetary bodies. radiation enhances the efficiency of heat transport through the subsurface, effecting a strong temperature dependence of thermal conductivity. however, this effect has been omitted in many studies of comet 67p/churyumov-ge... | effect of radiative heat transfer in porous comet nuclei: case study of 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko |
biopolymer networks contribute mechanical integrity as well as functional organization to living cells. one of their major constituents, the protein actin, is present in a large variety of different network architectures, ranging from extensive networks to densely packed bundles. the shape of the network is directly li... | formation of regularly spaced networks as a general feature of actin bundle condensation by entropic forces |
we use the recently determined rotation state, shape, size and thermophysical model of apophis to predict the strength of the yarkovsky effect in its orbit. apophis does not rotate about the shortest principal axis of the inertia tensor, rather its rotational angular momentum vector wobbles at an average angle of ≃37° ... | the yarkovsky effect for 99942 apophis |
we mapped all boulders larger than 105 m on the surface of dwarf planet ceres using images of the dawn framing camera acquired in the low altitude mapping orbit. we find that boulders on ceres are more numerous toward high latitudes and have a maximum lifetime of 150 ± 50 ma, based on crater counts. these characteristi... | the brittle boulders of dwarf planet ceres |
actin filaments (f-actin) are polymerized from monomeric globular actin (g-actin) to form regional networks for various functions through interplays of actin nucleating and cross-linking proteins. cortical actin networks, for instance, are assembled underneath and anchored to the plasma membrane. cortexes of most cell ... | self-construction of actin networks through phase separation-induced ablim1 condensates |
after 3.5 years of cruise, and about 3 months in the vicinity of its target, the mascot lander was deployed successfully on october 3, 2018 by the hayabusa2 spacecraft onto the c-type near-earth asteroid (162173) ryugu. after a free-fall of 5 min 51 s from an altitude of 41 m mascot experienced its first contact with t... | the mascot lander aboard hayabusa2: the in-situ exploration of nea (162173) ryugu |
the aster global digital elevation model version 3 (gdem v3) was evaluated over the conterminous united states in a manner similar to the validation conducted for the original gdem version 1 (v1) in 2009 and gdem version 2 (v2) in 2011. the absolute vertical accuracy of gdem v3 was calculated by comparison with more th... | validation of the aster global digital elevation model version 3 over the conterminous united states |
hazards resulting from asteroid ocean impacts were modelled using hydrocode simulations to examine the near-field effects including the initial formation and subsequent long range propagation of tsunami waves that can transport potentially damaging energy far from the impact site. three-dimensional simulations of obliq... | near and far-field hazards of asteroid impacts in oceans |
we obtain the exact statistical distribution of expected detection rates that may be obtained from the detection of 'oumuamua, which currently belongs to a class of objects that is only observed once in our solar system. the derivation of the distribution of future detection rates starts from the assumption that the de... | statistical implications of the n = 1 observation of 1i/'oumuamua |
the emergence of a shock from a medium with a free surface is an important process in various astrophysical phenomena. it generates the first light associated with explosions such as supernovae and gamma ray bursts. most previous works considered planar or spherical geometries, where the shock front is parallel to the ... | oblique shock breakout from a uniform density medium |
we reanalyze the imaging photopolarimeter data from pioneer 10 to study the zodiacal light in the b and r bands beyond earth orbit, applying an improved method to subtract integrated star light (isl) and diffuse galactic light (dgl). we found that there exists a significant instrumental offset, making it difficult to e... | zodiacal light beyond earth orbit observed with pioneer 10 |
asteroids populations are highly diverse, ranging from coherent monoliths to loosely bound rubble piles, with a broad range of material and compositional properties. these different structures and properties could significantly affect how an asteroid breaks up and deposits energy in the atmosphere, and how much ground ... | atmospheric energy deposition modeling and inference for varied meteoroid structures |
the so far unique role of our solar system in the universe regarding its capacity for life raises fundamental questions about its formation history relative to exoplanetary systems. central in this research is the accretion of asteroids and planets from a gas-rich circumstellar disk and the final distribution of their ... | a unifying model for the accretion of chondrules and matrix |
the purpose of this work is to develop a simple control law to implement stable orbits about a small rotating celestial body to achieve global coverage as well as fixed-body hovering on the equatorial plane. the celestial body is assumed to be rotating about a principal axis, with constant rotational velocity along the... | closed-loop control for global coverage and equatorial hovering about an asteroid |
we have investigated the influence of thin thermally opaque dust layers on the thermal emission of rocks and regolith and determined the thermal response of these dust-covered surfaces to diurnal insolation cycles. results are computed for hayabusa2's target asteroid (162173) ryugu, which was observed by thermal infrar... | effects of dust layers on thermal emission from airless bodies |
the vacuum and thermal environment of airless planetary surfaces, particularly those dominated by a particulate regolith such as the moon and asteroids, produces intense near-surface thermal gradients that can substantially alter their thermal emissivity spectra when compared with spectra collected at ambient terrestri... | radiometric calibration of thermal emission data from the asteroid and lunar environment chamber (alec) |
context. rotation properties (spin-axis direction and rotation period) and coarse shape models of asteroids can be reconstructed from their disk-integrated brightness when measured from various viewing geometries. these physical properties are essential for creating a global picture of structure and dynamical evolution... | inversion of asteroid photometry from gaia dr2 and the lowell observatory photometric database |
centaurs are minor planets orbiting between jupiter and neptune that have or had crossing orbits with one or more giant planets. recent observations and reinterpretation of previous observations have revealed the existence of ring systems around 10199 chariklo and 2060 chiron. however, the origin of the ring systems ar... | formation of centaurs’ rings through their partial tidal disruption during planetary encounters |
rotation periods of 53 small (diameters 2 km < d < 40 km) jupiter trojans (jts) were derived using the high-cadence lightcurves obtained by the fossil phase i survey, a subaru/hyper suprime-cam intensive program. these are the first reported periods measured for jts with d < 10 km. we found a lower limit of th... | fossil. i. the spin rate limit of jupiter trojans |
this study investigates the origin of interplanetary dust particles (idps) through the optical properties, albedo and spectral gradient, of zodiacal light. the optical properties were compared with those of potential parent bodies in the solar system, which include d-type (as analogs of cometary nuclei), c-type, s-type... | origin of interplanetary dust through optical properties of zodiacal light |
nearly all known extreme trans-neptunian objects (etnos) have argument of perihelion close to 0°. an existing observational bias strongly favours the detection of etnos with arguments of perihelion close to 0° and 180° yet no objects have been found at 180°. no plausible explanation has been offered so far to account f... | flipping minor bodies: what comet 96p/machholz 1 can tell us about the orbital evolution of extreme trans-neptunian objects and the production of near-earth objects on retrograde orbits |
the present-day orbit distribution of the neptune trojans is a powerful probe of the dynamical environment of the outer solar system during the late stages of planet migration. in this work, i conservatively debias the inclination, eccentricity, and libration amplitude distributions of the neptune trojans by reducing a... | the intrinsic neptune trojan orbit distribution: implications for the primordial disk and planet migration |
we present atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma) 1.3 mm continuum images of the asteroid 3 juno obtained with an angular resolution of 0\buildrel{\prime\prime}\over{.} 042 (60 km at 1.97 au). the data were obtained over a single 4.4 hr interval, which covers 60% of the 7.2 hr rotation period, approximatel... | the 2014 alma long baseline campaign: observations of asteroid 3 juno at 60 kilometer resolution |
cosmology experiments at millimeter wavelengths can detect planet nine if it is the size of neptune, has an effective temperature of 40 k, and is 700 au from the sun. it would appear as a ∼30 mjy source at 1 mm with an annual parallax of ∼5 arcmin. the challenge is to distinguish it from the approximately 4000 foregrou... | cosmologists in search of planet nine: the case for cmb experiments |
the centaur (2060) chiron exhibits outgassing behaviour and possibly hosts a ring system. on 2011 november 29, chiron occulted a fairly bright star (r ∼ 15 mag) as observed from the 3-m nasa infrared telescope facility (irtf) on mauna kea and the 2-m faulkes telescope north (ftn) at haleakala. data were taken as visibl... | characterization of material around the centaur (2060) chiron from a visible and near-infrared stellar occultation in 2011 |
we describe active asteroid 331p/gibbs (2012 f5) using archival hubble space telescope (hst) data taken between 2015 and 2018. 331p is an outer main belt active asteroid with a long-lived debris trail that formed in 2011. embedded in the debris trail we identify 19 fragments with radii between 0.04 and 0.11 km (albedo ... | fragmenting active asteroid 331p/gibbs |
the goal of this work is to determine if the dynamics of individual taurid complex (tc) objects are consistent with the formation of the complex via fragmentation of a larger body, or if the current orbital affinities between the tc members result from other dynamical processes. to this end, the orbital similarity thro... | a dynamical analysis of the taurid complex: evidence for past orbital convergences |
artificial neural networks (anns) have been successfully used in the last years to identify patterns in astronomical images. the use of ann in the field of asteroid dynamics has been, however, so far somewhat limited. in this work, we used for the first time ann for the purpose of automatically identifying the behaviou... | artificial neural network classification of asteroids in the m1:2 mean-motion resonance with mars |
the relationship between the near-earth objects (3200) phaethon and (155140) 2005 ud is unclear. while both are parents to meteor showers (the geminids and daytime sextantids, respectively) and have similar visible-wavelength reflectance spectra and orbits, dynamical investigations have failed to find any likely method... | investigating the relationship between (3200) phaethon and (155140) 2005 ud through telescopic and laboratory studies |
the investigation of asteroids near the sun is important for understanding the final evolutionary stage of primitive solar system objects. a near-sun asteroid (nsa), (155140) 2005 ud, has orbital elements similar to those of (3200) phaethon (the target asteroid for the jaxa's destiny+ mission). we conducted photometric... | polarimetric properties of the near-sun asteroid (155140) 2005 ud in comparison with other asteroids and meteoritic samples |
this paper summarizes the evidence for the optical effects of space weathering, as well as the properties of the surface that control optical changes, on asteroid (101955) bennu. first, we set the stage by briefly reviewing what was known about space weathering of low-albedo materials from telescopic surveys, laborator... | overview of the search for signs of space weathering on the low-albedo asteroid (101955) bennu |
machine learning has become widely used in astronomy. gaussian process (gp) regression in particular has been employed a number of times to fit or resample supernova (sn) light curves, however by their nature typical gp models are not suited to fit sn photometric data and they will be prone to overfitting. recently gp ... | what can gaussian processes really tell us about supernova light curves? consequences for type ii(b) morphologies and genealogies |
asteroid photometry has three major applications: providing clues about asteroid surface physical properties and compositions, facilitating photometric corrections, and helping design and plan groundbased and spacecraft observations. the most significant advances in asteroid photometry in the past decade were driven by... | asteroid photometry |
asteroid 2016 ho3 is a fast-rotating near-earth asteroid (nea), and a potential target for future exploration. studying the surface of this asteroid and whether it retains any regolith are primary science objectives, which can provide key clues to the formation and evolution of this small body. in order to support such... | the shape and surface environment of 2016 ho3 |
observations of the magnetization state of asteroids indicate diverse properties. values between 1.9 × 10-6 am2/kg (eros) and 10-2 am2/kg (braille) have been reported. a more detailed understanding of asteroidal magnetic properties allows far-reaching conclusions of the magnetization mechanism as well as the strength o... | magnetic properties of asteroid (162173) ryugu |
of the several near-earth and main belt asteroids visited by spacecraft to date, three display a paucity of small craters and an enhanced number of smoothed and degraded craters: 433 eros, which has a deficit of craters ≲ 100 m in diameter; 2867 šteins, which has a deficit of craters ≲ 500 m in diameter; and 25143 itok... | impact-produced seismic shaking and regolith growth on asteroids 433 eros, 2867 šteins, and 25143 itokawa |
we apply three spherical-harmonic-based techniques to deliver external gravitational field models of the asteroid (101955) bennu within its circumscribing sphere. this region is known to be peculiar for external spherical harmonic expansions, because it may lead to a divergent series. the studied approaches are (i) spe... | gravitational field modelling near irregularly shaped bodies using spherical harmonics: a case study for the asteroid (101955) bennu |
an in-depth analysis and systematic comparison of asteroid redirection methods are performed within a resource exploitation framework using different assessment mechanisms. through this framework, mission objectives and constraints are specified for the redirection of an asteroid from a near-earth orbit to a stable orb... | comparative analysis of redirection methods for asteroid resource exploitation |
nasa's double asteroid redirection test (dart) is designed to be the first demonstration of a kinetic impactor for planetary defense against a small-body impact hazard. the target is the smaller component of the binary asteroid 65,803 didymos. we have conducted high-fidelity rigid full two-body simulations of the mutua... | a benchmarking and sensitivity study of the full two-body gravitational dynamics of the dart mission target, binary asteroid 65803 didymos |
we analyze a sample of 58 jupiter family comets (jfcs) in near-earth orbits, defined as those whose perihelion distances at the time of discovery were qdisc < 1.3 au. in our definition jfcs have tisserand parameters 2 < t < 3 and orbital periods p < 20 yr. we integrated the orbits of these objects, plus 50 ... | jupiter family comets in near-earth orbits: are some of them interlopers from the asteroid belt? |
the bombardment of impactors (leftover planetesimals, asteroids and comets) created numerous impact craters on the moon. the giant planets in the outer solar system are believed to have experienced a dynamical instability, in which the migration of giant planets delivers impactors to the inner solar system bodies1,2. t... | change in the earth-moon impactor population at about 3.5 billion years ago |
we consider the impact of electromagnetic induction and ohmic heating on a conducting planetary object that orbits a magnetic star. power dissipated as heat saps orbital energy. if this heat is trapped by an insulating crust or mantle, interior temperatures increase substantially. we provide a quantitative description ... | ohmic heating of asteroids around magnetic stars |
our solar system is filled with meteoric particles, or cosmic dust, which is either interplanetary or interstellar in origin. interstellar dust (isd) enters the heliosphere due to the relative motion of the sun and the interstellar flow. interplanetary dust (ipd) comes primarily from asteroid collisions or comet sublim... | decadal and annual variations in meteoric flux from ulysses, wind, and sofie observations |
context. space weathering (sw) is crucial to improve the understanding of the evolution of optical characteristics on airless bodies. the classical view based on research of the moon suggests that sw decreases albedo (darkening) and steepens spectral slope (reddening) in visible to near-infrared (vis-nir) wavelengths, ... | diverse space weathering effects on asteroid surfaces as inferred via laser irradiation of meteorites |
asteroids were likely a major source of volatiles and water to early earth. quantifying the hydration of asteroids is necessary to constrain models of the formation and evolution of the solar system and the origin of life on earth. the osiris-rex (origins, spectral interpretation, resource identification, and security-... | hydrogen abundance estimation and distribution on (101955) bennu |
the spectral properties of s and q-type asteroids can change over time due to interaction with the solar wind and micrometeorite impacts in a process known as 'space weathering.' space weathering raises the spectral slope and decreases the 1 μm absorption band depth in the spectra of s and q-type asteroids. over time, ... | resurfacing asteroids from yorp spin-up and failure |
proper elements are quasi-invariants of a hamiltonian system, obtained through a normalization procedure. proper elements have been successfully used to identify families of asteroids, sharing the same dynamical properties. we show that proper elements can also be used within space debris dynamics to identify groups of... | proper elements for space debris |
bennu, the target of the osiris-rex mission, is an asteroid with compositions analogous to low petrologic type ci, cm, cr, and/or ungrouped carbonaceous chondrites. asteroids like bennu provide information about the building blocks of the early solar system. analysis of the mid-infrared remote sensing data informs mine... | mapping phyllosilicates on the asteroid bennu using thermal emission spectra and machine learning model applications |
taurids are an extensive stream of particles produced by comet 2p/encke, which can be observed mainly in october and november as a series of meteor showers rich in bright fireballs. several near-earth asteroids have also been linked with the meteoroid complex, and recently the orbits of two carbonaceous meteorites were... | spectra and physical properties of taurid meteoroids |
prior to its close encounter with the kuiper belt object (kbo) (486958) 2014 mu69 on 2019 january 1, nasa’s new horizons spacecraft observed other kbos from distances greater than 0.1 au at solar phase angles far larger than those attainable from earth. the expanded range in phase angle afforded by these distant kbo (d... | phase curves from the kuiper belt: photometric properties of distant kuiper belt objects observed by new horizons |
the surface of a living cell provides a platform for receptor signaling, protein sorting, transport, and endocytosis, whose regulation requires the local control of membrane organization. previous work has revealed a role for dynamic actomyosin in membrane protein and lipid organization, suggesting that the cell surfac... | actomyosin dynamics drive local membrane component organization in an in vitro active composite layer |
ferrous oxide (feo)-rich asteroid achondrites can be defined as asteroid-derived samples that experienced incipient partial melting processes in the early solar system (>4.5 ga) leading to melt-residues and cumulate and melt rocks that have high feo in silicate grains (molar mg/[mg + fe] < 80), implying relativel... | ferrous oxide-rich asteroid achondrites |
in this paper, the global mapping of an irregular asteroid is studied referring to the ground track properties of a frozen orbit (at constant eccentricity and argument of pericentre on average). in fact, when the size of the asteroid is in the order of hundreds of kilometres or more, an appropriate design of the ground... | global mapping of asteroids by frozen orbits: the case of 216 kleopatra |
spectral parameters of ceres measured by the dawn/vir imaging spectrometer are studied as a function of illumination angles, by applying a semi-empirical method based on a statistical analysis of the vir dataset acquired up to september 2016. the study also focuses on the photometry of the occator faculae, i.e. the bri... | photometry of ceres and occator faculae as inferred from vir/dawn data |
we evaluated the planetary radar capabilities at arecibo, the goldstone 70 m dss-14 and 34 m dss-13 antennas, the 70 m dss-43 antenna at canberra, the green bank telescope (gbt), and the parkes radio telescope in terms of their relative sensitivities and the number of known near-earth asteroids (neas) detectable per ye... | capabilities of earth-based radar facilities for near-earth asteroid observations |
the cores of some small planetesimals, such as asteroid (16) psyche, are thought to have been exposed through collisions during the early solar system that removed their mantles. these small bodies likely solidified from the top down representing a fundamentally different solidification regime to that of earth's core. ... | the top-down solidification of iron asteroids driving dynamo evolution |
a wide range of meteors were simulated impacting earth's atmosphere using the ale3d hydrocode. the size, density, strength curve, entry angle, and velocity of the meteors were varied to cover the parameter space of airbursts of interest to planetary defense in general which encompasses the tunguska event in particular.... | hydrocode simulations of asteroid airbursts and constraints for tunguska |
the geology of the outstanding crater occator on ceres has been studied by combining highest resolution color images and other information from the dawn mission. thus, surface and sub-surface layers and geologic processes can be understood and interpreted in a consistent manner. in order to achieve this, morphometry, a... | occator crater in color at highest spatial resolution |
electron- or x-ray-induced characteristic x-ray analysis has been widely used to determine chemical compositions of materials in vast research fields. in recent years, analysis of characteristic x-rays from muonic atoms, in which a muon is captured, has attracted attention because both a muon beam and a muon-induced ch... | non-destructive elemental analysis of a carbonaceous chondrite with direct current muon beam at music |
collisions and attendant shock compaction must have been important for the accretion and lithification of planetesimals, including the parent bodies of chondrites, but the conditions under which these occurred are not well constrained. a simple model for the compaction of chondrites predicts that shock intensity as rec... | relationships among physical properties as indicators of high temperature deformation or post-shock thermal annealing in ordinary chondrites |
images from the optical navigation camera system (onc) onboard the hayabusa2 spacecraft show the mascot lander during its descent to the surface of asteroid (162173) ryugu. we used results from a previous stereo-photogrammetric analysis that provided precise onc image orientation data (camera position and pointing), on... | the descent and bouncing path of the hayabusa2 lander mascot at asteroid (162173) ryugu |
capture in mean motion resonance has been observed in the solar system for small objects with prograde as well as retrograde orbits of moderate inclinations. however, no example of an object with a nearly polar orbit was known to be in resonance with a planet. in this letter, we report that the nearly-polar trans-neptu... | first trans-neptunian object in polar resonance with neptune |
jupiter trojans are a resonant asteroidal population characterised by photometric colours that are compatible with trans-neptunian objects, high inclinations, and an asymmetric distribution of the number of asteroids between the two swarms. different models have been proposed to explain the high inclination of the troj... | on the inclinations of the jupiter trojans |
white dwarfs that exhibit transit signatures of planetary debris and accreted planetary material provide exceptional opportunities to probe the material composition and dynamical structure of planetary systems. although previous theoretical work investigating the role of minor body disruption around white dwarfs has fo... | white dwarf planetary debris dependence on physical structure distributions within asteroid belts |
the oort cloud is usually thought of as a collection of icy comets inhabiting the outer reaches of the solar system, but this picture is incomplete. we use simulations of the formation of the oort cloud to show that ∼4 per cent of the small bodies in the oort cloud should have formed within 2.5 au of the sun, and hence... | eight billion asteroids in the oort cloud |
asteroid surveys are the backbone of asteroid science, and with this in mind we begin with a broad review of the impact of asteroid surveys on our field. we then provide a brief history of asteroid discoveries so as to place contemporary and future surveys in perspective. surveys in the united states (u.s.) have discov... | surveys, astrometric follow-up, and population statistics |
we are conducting a survey for distant solar system objects beyond the kuiper belt edge (∼50 au) with new wide-field cameras on the subaru and ctio telescopes. we are interested in the orbits of objects that are decoupled from the giant planet region to understand the structure of the outer solar system, including whet... | beyond the kuiper belt edge: new high perihelion trans-neptunian objects with moderate semimajor axes and eccentricities |
the planet nine hypothesis has now enough constraints to deserve further attention in the form of detailed numerical experiments. the results of such studies can help us improve our understanding of the dynamical effects of such a hypothetical object on the extreme trans-neptunian objects or etnos and perhaps provide a... | dynamical impact of the planet nine scenario: n-body experiments |
we present here the c-o colors for identified flora, vesta, nysa-polana, themis, and koronis family members within the historic data set (2015-2018) of the asteroid terrestrial-impact last alert system (atlas). the themis and koronis families are known to be relatively pure c- and s-type bus-demeo taxonomic families, r... | investigating taxonomic diversity within asteroid families through atlas dual-band photometry |
the asteroid (16) psyche is of scientific interest because it contains ∼1% of the total mass of the asteroid belt and is thought to be the remnant metallic core of a protoplanet. radar observations have indicated the significant presence of metal on the surface with a small percentage of silicates. prior ground-based o... | detection of rotational spectral variation on the m-type asteroid (16) psyche |
we have conducted a detailed simulation of the ability of the large synoptic survey telescope (lsst) to link near-earth and main belt asteroid detections into orbits. the key elements of the study were a high-fidelity detection model and the presence of false detections in the form of both statistical noise and differe... | near-earth object orbit linking with the large synoptic survey telescope |
satellites of asteroids have been discovered in nearly every known small-body population, and a remarkable aspect of the known satellites is the diversity of their properties. they tell a story of vast differences in formation and evolution mechanisms that act as a function of size, distance from the sun, and the prope... | formation and evolution of binary asteroids |
we study the dynamics of pattern formation in a minimal model for active mixtures made of microtubules and molecular motors. we monitor the evolution of the (conserved) microtubule density and of the (non-conserved) nematic order parameter, focusing on the effects of an "anchoring" term that provides a direct coupling ... | pattern formation in active model c with anchoring: bands, aster networks, and foams |
thermal infrared emission and thermophysical modeling techniques are powerful tools in deciphering the surface properties of asteroids. the near-earth asteroid (3200) phaethon is an active asteroid with a very small perihelion distance and is likely the source of the geminid meteor shower. using a thermophysical model ... | evidence of surface heterogeneity on active asteroid (3200) phaethon |
for studies of the long-term evolution of small solar system objects, it is fundamental to add the yarkovsky and yarkovsky-o'keefe-radzievskii-paddack (yorp) effects in the dynamical model. still, implementations of these effects in publicly available n-body codes is either lacking, or the effects are implemented using... | mercury and orbfit packages for numerical integration of planetary systems: implementation of the yarkovsky and yorp effects |
nutritional symbionts in sap-feeding insects are characterized by highly degenerate genomes. it is poorly understood how hosts evolve to maintain these symbionts, particularly when hosts rely on more than one symbiont that requires distinct support for basic cell functions. we show that the aster leafhopper (macrostele... | evolution of host support for two ancient bacterial symbionts with differentially degraded genomes in a leafhopper host |
electrostatic dust lofting may play an important role in surface evolution of airless bodies as indicated from a number of unexplained observations, including the lunar horizon glow and dust ponding on asteroids, for example. the initial launch velocity of a charged dust particle determines its range of motion, hence i... | laboratory measurements of initial launch velocities of electrostatically lofted dust on airless planetary bodies |
we present a new fluid plasma solver with adaptive cartesian mesh (acm) based on a full-newton (nonlinear, implicit) scheme for non-equilibrium gas discharge plasma. the electrons and ions are described using drift-diffusion approximation coupled to poisson equation for the electric field. the electron-energy transport... | implicit and coupled fluid plasma solver with adaptive cartesian mesh and its applications to non-equilibrium gas discharges |
this paper is an extension of our previously published acm multimedia 2022 paper, which was ranked 3rd in the macro-expressions (maes) and micro-expressions (mes) spotting task of the fme challenge 2021. in our earlier work, a deep learning framework based on facial action units (aus) was proposed to emphasize both loc... | deep learning pipeline for spotting macro- and micro-expressions in long video sequences based on action units and optical flow |
parent body thermal metamorphism is an important process that alters the structure of organic matter in the parent asteroid of meteorites. increasing and progressing thermal metamorphism results in carbonization and graphitization of carbonaceous matter in the parent body. such modifications in the carbon structures ca... | thermal metamorphic history of antarctic cv3 and co3 chondrites inferred from the first- and second-order raman peaks of polyaromatic organic carbon |
solar wind interactions with the surfaces of asteroids and small moons eject atoms and molecules from the uppermost several nanometers of regolith grains through a process called sputtering. a small fraction of the sputtered species, called secondary ions, leave the surface in an ionized state, and these are diagnostic... | solar wind sputtering rates of small bodies and ion mass spectrometry detection of secondary ions |
in this work, we investigate the bifurcations of relative equilibria in the gravitational potential of asteroids. a theorem concerning a conserved quantity, which is about the eigenvalues and number of relative equilibria, is presented and proved. the conserved quantity can restrict the number of non-degenerate equilib... | collision and annihilation of relative equilibrium points around asteroids with a changing parameter |
the double asteroid redirection test (dart) spacecraft will impact the moon dimorphos of the [65803] didymos binary in order to demonstrate asteroid deflection by a kinetic impactor. dart will measure the deflection by using ground-based telescopic observations of the orbital period change of didymos and will carry the... | model of double asteroid redirection test impact ejecta plume observations |
solar system bodies like comets, asteroids, meteorites and dust particles contain organic matter with different abundances, structures and chemical composition. this chapter compares the similarities and differences of the organic composition in these planetary bodies. furthermore, these links are explored in the conte... | organic matter in the solar system—implications for future on-site and sample return missions |
analysis of organic matter has been one of the major motivations behind solar system exploration missions. it addresses questions related to the organic inventory of our solar system and its implication for the origin of life on earth. sample return missions aim at returning scientifically valuable samples from target ... | concerns of organic contamination for sample return space missions |
context. the jaxa asteroid sample return mission hayabusa2 reached its target (162173) ryugu in june 2018 and released the european (cnes-dlr) lander mascot in october 2018. mascot successfully landed on the surface, and the hayabusa2 optical navigation camera system has been able to image parts of the mascot trajector... | numerical modeling of lander interaction with a low-gravity asteroid regolith surface. ii. interpreting the successful landing of hayabusa2 mascot |
due to the rapid growth in the use of smartphones, the digital traces (e.g., mobile phone data, call detail records) left by the use of these devices have been widely employed to assess and predict human communication behaviors and mobility patterns in various disciplines and domains, such as urban sensing, epidemiolog... | mobile phone data: a survey of techniques, features, and applications |
we present results of a stellar occultation by the jupiter trojan asteroid patroclus and its nearly equal size moon, menoetius. the geocentric mid-time of the event was 2013 october 21 06:43:02 ut. eleven sites out of 36 successfully recorded an occultation. seven chords across patroclus yielded an elliptical limb fit ... | size and shape from stellar occultation observations of the double jupiter trojan patroclus and menoetius |
the mobile asteroid surface scout (mascot), an asteroid lander carried by the hayabusa2 spacecraft, successfully landed on the near-earth asteroid (162173) ryugu on october 03, 2018. thereby accomplishing the first-ever landing of a european spacecraft on the surface of this type of celestial body. mascot was a prototy... | the mascot separation mechanism |
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