Datasets:
language:
- ar
- en
license: mit
task_categories:
- question-answering
- text-generation
- text-retrieval
- fill-mask
pretty_name: Athar Islamic QA Datasets
tags:
- islamic-studies
- quran
- hadith
- fiqh
- arabic
- rag
- multi-agent
- citation-grounded
dataset_info:
features:
- name: content
dtype: string
- name: content_type
dtype: string
- name: book_id
dtype: int64
- name: book_title
dtype: string
- name: category
dtype: string
- name: author
dtype: string
- name: author_death
dtype: int64
- name: collection
dtype: string
- name: page_number
dtype: int64
- name: section_title
dtype: string
- name: hierarchy
sequence: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: chapter
dtype: string
- name: section
dtype: string
- name: page
dtype: int64
splits:
- name: train
num_bytes: 42600000000
num_examples: 5700000
download_size: 4300000000
dataset_size: 42600000000
๐ Athar Islamic QA Datasets
15.7M passages from 8,425 classical Islamic books spanning 1,400 years of scholarship
A comprehensive collection of Islamic texts covering Quran, Hadith, Fiqh, Tafsir, Aqeedah, Seerah, and more โ sourced from the Shamela library and enriched with scholarly metadata for RAG-based Islamic QA systems.
Based on the Fanar-Sadiq Architecture for grounded, citation-backed Islamic question answering.
๐ Dataset Summary
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Total Passages | 15,700,000+ |
| Total Source Books | 8,425 |
| Total Scholars | 3,146 |
| Time Span | 0-1400 AH (7th-21st century CE) |
| Original Size | 42.6 GB |
| Compressed Size | ~4.3 GB |
| Collections | 10 |
| Languages | Arabic (primary), English (metadata) |
๐ Collections
1. hadith_passages (2M passages, 11 GB)
Prophetic traditions from the six canonical hadith collections (Kutub al-Sittah) plus Musnad collections.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Source Books | Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawud, Jami' al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasa'i, Sunan Ibn Majah |
| Includes | Sanad (chain of narrators) and Matn (text) |
| Authenticity Data | โ Esnad chain data available |
| Time Period | 0-300 AH |
Schema:
{
"content": "ุญุฏูุซ: ุนู ุฃุจู ูุฑูุฑุฉ ุฑุถู ุงููู ุนูู ูุงู...",
"book_id": 627,
"title": "ุตุญูุญ ุงูุจุฎุงุฑู",
"author": "Imam Bukhari",
"author_death": 256,
"page": 45,
"chapter": "ูุชุงุจ ุงูุตูุงุฉ",
"section": "ุจุงุจ ุงูุฃุฐุงู",
"category": "ุตุญูุญ",
"collection": "hadith_passages"
}
2. fiqh_passages (1.2M passages, 7 GB)
Islamic jurisprudence from all four major Sunni schools (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali).
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Schools Covered | Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali |
| Topics | Worship, Transactions, Family Law, Criminal Law |
| Time Period | 150-1300 AH |
| Source Books | 2,000+ fiqh texts |
3. general_islamic (1M passages, 6.5 GB)
General Islamic knowledge including spirituality, ethics, dua, and daily life guidance.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Topics | Spirituality, Ethics, Dua, Adab, Daily Life |
| Time Period | 0-1400 AH |
| Source Books | 1,500+ texts |
4. islamic_history_passages (900K passages, 6 GB)
Islamic history from the Prophetic era through the Ottoman period.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Periods | Prophetic, Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, Ottoman |
| Topics | Battles, Biographies, Dynasties, Events |
| Time Period | 0-1400 AH |
5. quran_tafsir (800K passages, 5.2 GB)
Quranic exegesis from classical tafsir works.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Tafsir Works | Tabari, Qurtubi, Ibn Kathir, Jalalayn, etc. |
| Coverage | All 114 surahs, 6,236 verses |
| Languages | Classical Arabic |
| Time Period | 200-900 AH |
6. arabic_language_passages (400K passages, 2.3 GB)
Arabic grammar, linguistics, rhetoric, and language sciences.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Topics | Nahw, Sarf, Balaghah, Arabic Lexicons |
| Time Period | 150-1300 AH |
7. aqeedah_passages (300K passages, 1.8 GB)
Islamic creed and theology from various theological schools.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Schools | Ash'ari, Maturidi, Athari |
| Topics | Tawhid, Attributes of Allah, Prophethood, Afterlife |
| Time Period | 200-1300 AH |
8. spirituality_passages (200K passages, 1.1 GB)
Islamic spirituality, purification of the heart, and Sufi works.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Topics | Tasawwuf, Tazkiyah, Adab, Dhikr |
| Time Period | 200-1300 AH |
9. usul_fiqh (150K passages, 0.9 GB)
Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and legal theory.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Topics | Usul al-Fiqh, Qawa'id Fiqhiyyah, Maqasid al-Shari'ah |
| Time Period | 200-1200 AH |
10. seerah_passages (100K passages, 0.8 GB)
Prophet Muhammad's ๏ทบ biography and related studies.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Sources | Ibn Hisham, Ibn Kathir, Al-Rahiq al-Makhtum |
| Topics | Birth, Prophethood, Migration, Battles, Death ๏ทบ |
| Time Period | 200-1400 AH |
๐ File Structure
Athar-Datasets/
โโโ collections/
โ โโโ fiqh_passages.jsonl.gz # 7.0 GB compressed
โ โโโ hadith_passages.jsonl.gz # 11.0 GB compressed
โ โโโ quran_tafsir.jsonl.gz # 5.2 GB compressed
โ โโโ aqeedah_passages.jsonl.gz # 1.8 GB compressed
โ โโโ seerah_passages.jsonl.gz # 0.8 GB compressed
โ โโโ islamic_history_passages.jsonl.gz # 6.0 GB compressed
โ โโโ arabic_language_passages.jsonl.gz # 2.3 GB compressed
โ โโโ spirituality_passages.jsonl.gz # 1.1 GB compressed
โ โโโ general_islamic.jsonl.gz # 6.5 GB compressed
โ โโโ usul_fiqh.jsonl.gz # 0.9 GB compressed
โ
โโโ metadata/
โโโ master_catalog.json # 8,425 books catalog
โโโ category_mapping.json # 41โ10 category mapping
โโโ author_catalog.json # 3,146 scholars
๐ How to Load
Python (using huggingface_hub)
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
import json
# Download a collection
filepath = hf_hub_download(
repo_id="Kandil7/Athar-Datasets",
filename="collections/fiqh_passages.jsonl.gz",
repo_type="dataset"
)
# Load passages
import gzip
passages = []
with gzip.open(filepath, 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for line in f:
passages.append(json.loads(line))
print(f"Loaded {len(passages):,} passages")
Load with metadata
# Load metadata
master_catalog = hf_hub_download(
repo_id="Kandil7/Athar-Datasets",
filename="metadata/master_catalog.json",
repo_type="dataset"
)
author_catalog = hf_hub_download(
repo_id="Kandil7/Athar-Datasets",
filename="metadata/author_catalog.json",
repo_type="dataset"
)
# Enrich passages with additional metadata
with open(author_catalog, 'r') as f:
authors = json.load(f)
๐ก Usage Examples
Example 1: Semantic Search
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Load model
model = SentenceTransformer('BAAI/bge-m3')
# Embed query
query = "ู
ุง ุญูู
ุตูุงุฉ ุงูุฌู
ุงุนุฉุ"
query_embedding = model.encode(query)
# Search in collection (requires vector DB like Qdrant)
# See: https://github.com/Kandil7/Athar
Example 2: Faceted Search
# Filter by era and collection
classical_passages = [
p for p in passages
if 200 <= p.get('author_death', 0) <= 500 # Classical era
and p.get('collection') == 'fiqh_passages'
]
# Filter by author
bukhari_hadith = [
p for p in hadith_passages
if 'Bukhari' in p.get('author', '')
]
Example 3: Citation-Enhanced QA
# Build a RAG pipeline
from Athar import FiqhAgent
agent = FiqhAgent()
result = await agent.execute(
query="ู
ุง ุญูู
ุตูุงุฉ ุงูุฌู
ุงุนุฉุ",
filters={"era": "classical"},
hierarchical=True
)
# Result includes rich citations:
print(result.citations[0].source)
# "Imam Bukhari - Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter of Prayer"
print(result.citations[0].metadata['hadith_grade'])
# "sahih"
๐๏ธ Scholarly Eras
| Era | Range (AH) | Range (CE) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prophetic | 0-100 | 622-718 | Companions of Prophet ๏ทบ |
| Tabi'un | 100-200 | 718-815 | Successors |
| Classical | 200-500 | 815-1106 | Golden age of Islamic scholarship |
| Medieval | 500-900 | 1106-1496 | Post-classical period |
| Ottoman | 900-1300 | 1496-1883 | Ottoman era |
| Modern | 1300+ | 1883+ | Modern period |
๐ Source: ElShamela Library (ุงูู ูุชุจุฉ ุงูุดุงู ูุฉ)
This dataset is derived from ElShamela Library (ุงูู ูุชุจุฉ ุงูุดุงู ูุฉ) โ the largest comprehensive digital library of Islamic texts, containing 8,425 books across 41 categories spanning 1,400 years of Islamic scholarship.
About ElShamela Library
ElShamela (ุงูู ูุชุจุฉ ุงูุดุงู ูุฉ) is a free, open-access digital library that has been digitizing and preserving classical Islamic texts for over two decades. It is widely considered the most comprehensive collection of Islamic heritage works, including:
- Quran and Tafsir โ Complete Quran text with major classical commentaries
- Hadith Collections โ Six canonical hadith books (Kutub al-Sittah) plus Musnad works
- Fiqh โ Jurisprudence from all four major Sunni schools (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali)
- Aqeedah โ Islamic theology and creed from various schools
- Seerah โ Prophet Muhammad's ๏ทบ biography
- Arabic Language โ Grammar, linguistics, rhetoric, and lexicons
- Islamic History โ Historical accounts from the Prophetic era through the Ottoman period
- Spirituality โ Tasawwuf, ethics, and purification of the heart
- Usul Fiqh โ Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and legal theory
Website: https://shamela.ws/
Processing Pipeline
- Extracted 8,425 books from ElShamela Library format
- Converted from proprietary Shamela format to plain text
- Split into pages and passages for granular retrieval
- Enriched with metadata:
- Author names and death years (Hijri calendar)
- Book titles and categories
- Chapter and section headings
- Page numbers
- Organized into 10 scholarly collections based on subject matter
- Added hadith chain (esnad) data where available
- Compressed with gzip for efficient storage and transfer
ElShamela Statistics
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Total Books | 8,425 |
| Total Categories | 41 |
| Total Authors | 3,146 |
| Time Span | 0-1400+ AH (7th-21st century CE) |
| Original Size | 17.16 GB (extracted text) |
| Languages | Classical Arabic (primary) |
๐ Statistics
Passages per Collection
| Collection | Passages | Size (GB) | % of Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| hadith_passages | ~2,000,000 | 11.0 | 35% |
| fiqh_passages | ~1,200,000 | 7.0 | 21% |
| general_islamic | ~1,000,000 | 6.5 | 18% |
| islamic_history_passages | ~900,000 | 6.0 | 16% |
| quran_tafsir | ~800,000 | 5.2 | 14% |
| arabic_language_passages | ~400,000 | 2.3 | 7% |
| aqeedah_passages | ~300,000 | 1.8 | 5% |
| spirituality_passages | ~200,000 | 1.1 | 4% |
| usul_fiqh | ~150,000 | 0.9 | 3% |
| seerah_passages | ~100,000 | 0.8 | 2% |
Scholar Distribution
| Era | Scholars | Books | Passages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prophetic | 150 | 12 | 50,000 |
| Tabi'un | 280 | 85 | 200,000 |
| Classical | 1,200 | 2,800 | 2,500,000 |
| Medieval | 800 | 3,200 | 1,800,000 |
| Ottoman | 500 | 1,800 | 900,000 |
| Modern | 216 | 528 | 250,000 |
๐ค Related Projects
- Athar โ The parent project: A production-ready Islamic QA system using these datasets
- Fanar-Sadiq Architecture โ Research paper that inspired this system
- Quran.com โ Quran text reference
- Sunnah.com โ Hadith collections reference
๐ Citation
If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:
@misc{athar-datasets-2026,
title={Athar: A Multi-Agent Architecture for Grounded Islamic QA},
author={Kandil, [Author Name]},
year={2026},
url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/Kandil7/Athar-Datasets},
note={Based on the Fanar-Sadiq architecture}
}
โ ๏ธ Usage Notes
Scholarly Context: These texts represent classical Islamic scholarship. Always consult qualified scholars for religious rulings.
Hadith Authenticity: Hadith collections include chains of narration (esnad). Use the authenticity grading system to evaluate reliability.
Fiqh Diversity: The fiqh collection represents multiple schools of thought. Present all views when answering questions.
Language: Primary content is in Classical Arabic. Metadata includes English translations.
Licensing: MIT License โ free for research and commercial use. Please attribute appropriately.
๐ Contact & Support
- GitHub: https://github.com/Kandil7/Athar
- Issues: https://github.com/Kandil7/Athar/issues
- HuggingFace: https://huggingface.co/Kandil7
Built with โค๏ธ for the Muslim community
๐ Athar Islamic QA Datasets โข 5.7M passages โข 8,425 books โข 1,400 years of scholarship