source_doi stringlengths 13 57 | source_mag_paper_id int64 490k 157M | source_abstract stringlengths 8 10.7k | target_doi stringlengths 14 27 | target_summary stringlengths 42 889 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa1260 | 29,121,313 | Respiratory hyperoxia stimulates lung tumor regression by promoting T cell infiltration into the tumors and decreasing immunosuppression. | 10.1038/s41568-020-0273-y | This report shows the potential of respiratory hyperoxygenation in mice to suppress adenosine-A2AR signalling in antitumour CD8 + T cells and NK cells, while also weakening T reg cell immunosuppression, leading to enhanced tumour regression and survival |
10.1182/blood-2006-07-035972 | 20,739,066 | Abstract A characteristic feature of tumors is high production of lactic acid due to enhanced glycolysis. Here, we show a positive correlation between lactate serum levels and tumor burden in cancer patients and examine the influence of lactic acid on immune functions in vitro. Lactic acid suppressed the proliferation ... | 10.1038/s41568-020-0273-y | This study demonstrates the suppressive effect of lactic acid on CD8 + T eff cell proliferation, cytokine production and cytotoxicity |
10.1126/science.278.5345.1931 | 122,791,880 | The catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) on a platinum (111) surface was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. The adsorbed oxygen atoms and CO molecules were imaged with atomic resolution, and their reactions to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) were monitored as functions of time. The results allowed the formulation ... | 10.1038/s41570-019-0138-7 | This work uses scanning tunnelling microscopy to measure accurate kinetics of CO oxidation on Pt(111) terraces at low temperature (230–275 K) by directly counting the disappearance of O atoms on a timescale of minutes to hours. Under the conditions used in this work, reactions occur at domain boundaries between the not... |
10.1155/2014/231635 | 84,481,879 | Gossypol is a phenolic compound produced by pigment glands in cotton stems, leaves, seeds, and flower buds ( Gossypium spp.). Cottonseed meal is a by-product of cotton that is used for animal feeding because it is rich in oil and proteins. However, gossypol toxicity limits cottonseed use in animal feed. High concentrat... | 10.1038/s41477-023-01380-6 | This review article summarizes the toxicity of gossypol from cottonseed products. |
10.1002/anie.201507543 | 17,309,258 | Abstract Gossypol is a defense compound in cotton plants for protection against pests and pathogens. Gossypol biosynthesis involves the oxidative coupling of hemigossypol and results in two atropisomers owing to hindered rotation around the central binaphthyl bond. (+)‐Gossypol predominates in vivo, thus suggesting ste... | 10.1038/s41477-023-01380-6 | This paper identified a dirigent protein (GhDIR4) from Gossypium hirsutum that is responsible for (+)-gossypol formation. |
10.1073/pnas.1805085115 | 81,834,209 | Gossypol and related sesquiterpene aldehydes in cotton function as defense compounds but are antinutritional in cottonseed products. By transcriptome comparison and coexpression analyses, we identified 146 candidates linked to gossypol biosynthesis. Analysis of metabolites accumulated in plants subjected to virus-induc... | 10.1038/s41477-023-01380-6 | This paper reports four enzymes in the gossypol biosynthetic pathway. |
10.1146/annurev-arplant-080720-113241 | 123,909,909 | Cotton is not only the world's most important natural fiber crop, but it is also an ideal system in which to study genome evolution, polyploidization, and cell elongation. With the assembly of five different cotton genomes, a cotton-specific whole-genome duplication with an allopolyploidization process that combined th... | 10.1038/s41477-023-01380-6 | This review article summarizes the evolution and specialized metabolism of cotton. |
10.1038/lsa.2015.53 | 80,334,591 | Abstract Nucleic acid amplification and quantification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most sensitive and powerful tools for clinical laboratories, precision medicine, personalized medicine, agricultural science, forensic science and environmental science. Ultrafast multiplex PCR, characterized by low... | 10.1038/s41578-018-0033-8 | Demonstration of ultrafast photonic PCR based on a plasmonic substrate for molecular diagnostics |
10.1366/0003702021954557 | 20,595,813 | Ultrasensitive Raman measurements in single living cells are possible through exploiting the effect of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Colloidal gold particles (60 nm in size) that are deposited inside cells as “SERS-active nanostructures” result in strongly enhanced Raman signals of the native chemical const... | 10.1038/s41578-018-0033-8 | Report on SERS imaging of native chemical constituents within a single living cell using nanoplasmonic optical antennas |
10.1002/pip.2583 | 124,646,157 | Abstract Monolithically integrated Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 mini‐modules were fabricated in order to reduce the width of patterning related dead area. The Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 layers were prepared on soda‐lime glasses using the multistage process at low substrate temperature below 500 °C. A picosecond laser with a wavelength of 532 nm w... | 10.1038/s41560-018-0177-1 | The importance of this paper lies in the optimization of a full laser structuring processing for P1P2P3 modularization to minimize the dead area width, as a means of increasing module efficiency |
10.1002/pip.589 | 103,104,934 | Abstract A study of the electrical losses of thin‐film modules is presented. Using the electrical circuit simulator PSpice, the influence of the distributed series resistance of the top and the bottom contact of the active area and the influence of the monolithic contact area on the module performance was revealed and ... | 10.1038/s41560-018-0177-1 | This paper described the large impact of the distributed series resistance of transparent conducting oxide in monolithic devices and how it plays a crucial impact in final module performance |
10.1063/1.1995957 | 122,391,277 | We report on the effects of titanium doping (0–7at.%) on the optical and electrical properties of In2O3 using combinatorial deposition and analysis techniques. Maximum mobilities are observed at Ti concentrations of 1.5–2.5at.% and are >80cm2∕Vs in sputtered films. The carrier concentration increased with titani... | 10.1038/s41560-018-0177-1 | This paper highlights the potential of titanium-doped indium oxide for future transparent conducting oxides with high carrier mobility and transparency for a wide range of titanium doping level |
10.1063/1.110675 | 44,844,945 | An important development in polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin-film photovoltaic solar cells is the attainment of a high voltage device simultaneous with state-of-the-art conversion efficiency. This letter describes a CIGS-based solar cell that demonstrates an open-circuit voltage (Voc) approaching 700 mV and a t... | 10.1038/s41560-018-0177-1 | This paper demonstrates the achievement of a high voltage device thanks to the control of In/Ga depth profile composition through the absorber with a computer controlled physical vapor deposition approach |
10.1126/science.abj7364 | 128,068,324 | Stockpiling and control A triumph that has emerged from the catastrophe of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic has been the rapid development of several potent vaccines. However, 18 months into the pandemic and more than 6 months after vaccine approval, wealthy countries remain the major benefi... | 10.1038/s41591-022-02065-x | A paper that presents a simple two-country model that demonstrates the negative effect of vaccine nationalism. |
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008849 | 82,975,424 | The COVID-19 outbreak has highlighted our vulnerability to novel infections. Faced with this threat and no effective treatment, in line with many other countries, the UK adopted enforced social distancing (lockdown) to reduce transmission—successfully reducing the reproductive number R below one. However, given the lar... | 10.1038/s41591-022-02065-x | A paper presenting early modeling work exploring the vaccine priority ordering within the UK. |
10.1126/science.aaa6090 | 104,392,664 | Multiplexed RNA imaging in single cells The basis of cellular function is where and when proteins are expressed and in what quantities. Single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) experiments quantify the copy number and location of mRNA molecules; however, the numbers of RNA species that can be simulta... | 10.1038/s41592-021-01203-6 | MERFISH is a temporal barcoded smFISH method that measures 100–1,001 genes with high spatial resolution and detection efficiency. Xia et al 76 build on this to enable detection of 10,000 mRNAs in situ, leading to the identification of approximately 1,600 cell cycle-dependent genes |
10.1126/science.aaf2403 | 62,604,497 | Analysis of the pattern of proteins or messengerRNAs (mRNAs) in histological tissue sections is a cornerstone in biomedical research and diagnostics. This typically involves the visualization of a few proteins or expressed genes at a time. We have devised a strategy, which we call “spatial transcriptomics,” that allows... | 10.1038/s41592-021-01203-6 | An oligonucleotide array with positional barcodes to capture mRNA from histological tissue sections, demonstrating that individual experiments can recover thousands of transcript-coupled spatial barcodes at 10-μm resolution. This study paved the way for higher-resolution spatial transcriptomics to single-cell resolutio... |
10.1126/science.1250212 | 41,741,358 | Transcripts Visualized in Situ Despite advances, current methods for single-cell sequencing are unable to resolve transcript location within the cell, so Lee et al. (p. 1360 , published online 27 February) developed a method of fluorescent in situ RNA sequencing (FISSEQ) that works in vivo to show messenger RNA localiz... | 10.1038/s41592-021-01203-6 | A protocol for unbiased gene expression profiling in situ in fixed histological samples. RNA is converted into cross-linked cDNA amplicons and sequenced manually on a confocal microscope |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aan6446 | 41,642,178 | Mutational signatures reveal high burdens of aristolochic acid–related mutations in Asian liver cancers, with Taiwan most intensely affected. | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This study reports that an alarmingly high proportion (78%) of HCCs from patients treated in Taiwan harboured the AA mutational signature, and was among the first to examine the disparities in the occurrence of the AA mutational signature between patients with HCC in different countries |
10.1073/pnas.1119920109 | 62,306,015 | Aristolochic acid, a potent human carcinogen produced by Aristolochia plants, is associated with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UUC). Following metabolic activation, aristolochic acid reacts with DNA to form aristolactam (AL)-DNA adducts. These lesions concentrate in the renal cortex, where they serve... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This breakthrough molecular epidemiology study in East Asia establishes the significant contribution of exposure to AA to the high incidence of UTUC, using the characteristic molecular markers of exposure and its impact |
10.1073/pnas.0701248104 | 29,175,280 | Endemic (Balkan) nephropathy (EN), a devastating renal disease affecting men and women living in rural areas of Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, and Serbia, is characterized by its insidious onset, invariable progression to chronic renal failure and a strong association with transitional cell (urothelial) carcinoma ... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This molecular epidemiology study establishes dietary exposure to AA from environmental sources as a significant risk factor for BEN and associated urothelial carcinomas |
10.1002/ijc.31544 | 82,135,831 | It was suspected that aristolochic acid‐induced mutations may be associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV), playing an important role in liver carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the use of Chinese herbs containing aristolochic acid and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This study reports a significant dose–response relationship between the consumption of AA-containing herbs and the risk of developing HCC among patients infected with HBV |
10.1126/scitranslmed.3006086 | 62,311,257 | Genome-wide mutational signatures of the group 1 carcinogen aristolochic acid are observed in urothelial cancers and liver cancers from Asia. | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This study provides one of the first descriptions of the AA mutational signature on a genome-wide scale in mice and humans |
10.1126/scitranslmed.3006200 | 19,980,842 | The mutational signature of aristolochic acid exemplifies how genome-wide sequencing can be used to identify environmental exposures leading to cancer. | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This study describes the AA mutational signature in UTUC in individuals with documented exposure to AA, illustrating the mutagenicity of AA in humans and providing one of the first descriptions of the AA mutational signature on a genome-wide scale |
10.1038/s41598-019-56394-y | 58,710,073 | Abstract Cancer is a public health problem worldwide. Taiwan has a higher incidence rate of urological cancers than many Asian countries do. Aristolochic acid has been considered a potent carcinogen. In this study, we examined whether the cessation of the sales and preparation of aristolochic acid-containing Chinese he... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x | This study provides the first look into disease trends following the prohibition of AA-containing herbal products in Taiwan, showing a possible reduction in incidence rates of bladder cancer, carcinomas of the renal pelvis and other urinary organs consequent to the implementation of these prohibitions |
10.1101/gad.11.2.156 | 81,812,465 | The X-linked Xist gene encodes a large untranslated RNA that has been implicated in mammalian dosage compensation and in spermatogenesis. To investigate the function of the Xist gene product, we have generated male and female mice that carry a deletion in the structural gene but maintain a functional Xist promoter. Mut... | 10.1038/s41576-021-00427-8 | This study generates the first full-gene ablation mouse model of the lncRNA Xist |
10.1126/science.1228110 | 107,363,959 | Long Noncoding RNAs The past 5 years have uncovered thousands of long (>100 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) outpacing our understanding of their functions and mechanisms in regulating the genome. Lee (p. 1435 ) reviews the known and suspected means by which these intriguing molecules control gene expression lo... | 10.1038/s41576-021-00427-8 | This study uses truncations of the lncRNA Airn to determine that transcription is the mechanism of silencing the overlapping gene Igf2r |
10.5194/gmd-12-4375-2019 | 102,918,733 | Abstract. The amount of additional future temperature change following a complete cessation of CO2 emissions is a measure of the unrealized warming to which we are committed due to CO2 already emitted to the atmosphere. This “zero emissions commitment” (ZEC) is also an important quantity when estimating the remaining c... | 10.1038/s41558-022-01375-9 | A multi-model study of the climate response to a cessation of CO 2 |
10.1029/2019jd032361 | 40,923,180 | Abstract We present a new version of the Met Office Hadley Centre/Climatic Research Unit global surface temperature data set, HadCRUT5. HadCRUT5 presents monthly average near‐surface temperature anomalies, relative to the 1961–1990 period, on a regular 5° latitude by 5° longitude grid from 1850 to 2018. HadCRUT5 is a c... | 10.1038/s41558-022-01375-9 | A research article that presents a combined sea surface and air temperature historical data set since 1850 |
10.1101/2022.04.28.22273177 | 130,302,631 | Abstract Background Considerable concern remains about how occupational SARS-CoV-2 risk has evolved during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to ascertain which occupations had the greatest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and explore how relative differences varied over the pandemic. Methods Analysis of cohort data from the ... | 10.1038/s41591-022-01954-5 | Bulletin reporting the prevalence of long COVID in the UK. |
10.1177/01410768211032850 | 62,150,055 | Globally, there are now over 160 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 3 million deaths. While the majority of infected individuals recover, a significant proportion continue to experience symptoms and complications after their acute illness. Patients with ‘long COVID’ experience a wide range of physical an... | 10.1038/s41591-022-01954-5 | A systematic review of symptoms, complications and management of long COVID. |
10.21203/rs.3.pex-1480/v1 | 59,273,852 | Abstract Background : While most people developing COVID-19 recover quickly and completely, a proportion of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop persistent symptoms, which can be disabling. After establishing the interim nomenclature for Post COVID-19 condition, there is a need to establish a clinical case definition... | 10.1038/s41591-022-01954-5 | A report by the WHO on the clinical case definition for long COVID. |
10.1136/bmj-2022-070230 | 132,639,933 | Abstract Objective To describe the development and validation of a novel patient reported outcome measure for symptom burden from long covid, the symptom burden questionnaire for long covid (SBQ-LC). Design Multiphase, prospective mixed methods study. Setting Remote data collection and social media channels in the Unit... | 10.1038/s41591-022-01954-5 | A mixed-methods study describing the development and validation of a patient-reported outcome measure for long COVID. |
10.1101/gr.136184.111 | 123,168,984 | Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) has become a valuable and widely used approach for mapping the genomic location of transcription-factor binding and histone modifications in living cells. Despite its widespread use, there are considerable differences in how thes... | 10.1038/s41586-020-2449-8 | A consortium-wide effort to standardize performance, quality control and outputs of ChIP–seq experiments, including validation of antibodies, to facilitate experimental reproducibllity and data utility |
10.1126/scitranslmed.3010564 | 103,269,114 | Current anticancer chemotherapy relies on a limited set of in vitro or indirect prognostic markers of tumor response to available drugs. A more accurate analysis of drug sensitivity would involve studying tumor response in vivo. To this end, we have developed an implantable device that can perform drug sensitivity test... | 10.1038/s41587-022-01380-5 | This article provides background on and technical validation of the implantable microdevices used in this study |
10.1038/s41698-021-00165-4 | 38,221,483 | Abstract Molecular heterogeneity in metastatic breast cancer presents multiple clinical challenges in accurately characterizing and treating the disease. Current diagnostic approaches offer limited ability to assess heterogeneity that exists among multiple metastatic lesions throughout the treatment course. We develope... | 10.1038/s41587-022-01380-5 | This article presents the SMMART precision oncology program for transformative anticancer treatments based on the entire cancer ecosystem |
10.1093/toxsci/kfab133 | 132,025,934 | Abstract The association between ambient airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and respiratory diseases has been investigated in epidemiological studies. To explore the potential mechanism of PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis, 60 mice were divided into 3 groups to expose to different levels of PM2.5 for 8 an... | 10.1038/s41576-022-00569-3 | This recent mechanistic study shows that PM 2.5 induces a series of epigenetic and epitranscriptomic changes, highlighting the need to assess multiple interconnecting omic layers to elucidate the mechanisms underlying environmentally induced diseases |
10.1038/s41380-020-00885-2 | 20,428,327 | Abstract We investigate the role of the mitochondrion, an organelle highly sensitive to environmental agents, in the influence of prenatal air pollution exposure on neurodevelopment and behavior in 96 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [45 with neurodevelopmental regression (NDR); 76% Male; mean (SD) age 10 y... | 10.1038/s41576-022-00569-3 | This study shows that long-term changes in mitochondrial function partially mediate the association between prenatal PM 2.5 exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes relevant for autism spectrum disorder |
10.1126/science.1962206 | 62,201,089 | Efficient synthetic methods required to assemble complex molecular arrays include reactions that are both selective (chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, and enantio-) and economical in atom count (maximum number of atoms of reactants appearing in the products). Methods that involve simply combining two or more building blocks ... | 10.1038/s41570-021-00266-5 | An early perspective that describes the concept of atom-economy in synthetic chemistry |
10.1126/science.aat2117 | 20,831,441 | Alkene aminoarylation with a single, bifunctional reagent is a concise synthetic strategy. We report a catalytic protocol for the addition of arylsulfonylacetamides across electron-rich alkenes with complete anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity and excellent diastereoselectivity to provide 2,2-diarylethylamines. In this p... | 10.1038/s41570-021-00266-5 | This paper describes arylsulfonylacetamides as bifunctional reagents as applied in radical chemistry |
10.1038/s41467-019-12216-3 | 59,955,306 | Abstract The development of intermolecular alkene aminopyridylation has great potential for quickly increasing molecular complexity with two valuable groups. Here we report a strategy for the photocatalytic aminopyridylation of alkenes using a variety of N-aminopyridinium salts as both aminating and pyridylating reagen... | 10.1038/s41570-021-00266-5 | Excellent example of radical chemistry involving N-aminopyridinium salts as bifunctional reagents |
10.1002/anie.201803472 | 18,653,191 | Abstract A strategy for the remote central‐to‐axial chirality conversion by simultaneous planarization of an encoding and a transient stereocenter is presented. Based on a diastereoselective double addition of a chiral 1,5‐bifunctional organomagnesium alkoxide reagent to a broad range of aryl ester substrates, axially ... | 10.1038/s41570-021-00266-5 | A strategy for remote central-to-axial chirality conversion by simultaneous planarization of an encoding and transient stereocentre is presented in this paper |
10.1093/eurheartj/ehx655 | 123,173,337 | Abstract Aims There are scant comparative data quantifying the risk of infective endocarditis (IE) and associated mortality in individuals with predisposing cardiac conditions. Methods and results English hospital admissions for conditions associated with increased IE risk were followed for 5 years to quantify subseque... | 10.1038/s41569-019-0215-0 | This is a recent estimate of the incidence of IE according to underlying heart disease from a nationwide English database |
10.1161/circulationaha.112.000813 | 59,829,269 | Background— The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of neurological complications in patients with infective endocarditis, the risk factors for their development, their influence on the clinical outcome, and the impact of cardiac surgery. Methods and Results— This was a retrospective analysis of prospecti... | 10.1038/s41569-019-0215-0 | This is the largest series on the characteristics and prognostic implications of neurological complications of IE |
10.1126/science.aaf1420 | 83,494,493 | INTRODUCTION Genetic interactions occur when mutations in two or more genes combine to generate an unexpected phenotype. An extreme negative or synthetic lethal genetic interaction occurs when two mutations, neither lethal individually, combine to cause cell death. Conversely, positive genetic interactions occur when t... | 10.1038/s41592-022-01617-w | This paper describes the global yeast genetic interaction network, which served as an input network for BIONIC |
10.1073/pnas.0402268101 | 125,166,555 | The effects of the adaptive immune system on the cognitive performance and abnormal behaviors seen in mental disorders such as schizophrenia have never been documented. Here, we show that mice deprived of mature T cells manifested cognitive deficits and behavioral abnormalities, which were remediable by T cell restorat... | 10.1038/s41582-019-0174-4 | This study shows that a lack of mature T cells causes cognitive and behavioural impairment in mice, underlining the role of adaptive immunity for normal CNS function |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aao2304 | 122,453,450 | Targeting neuronal interleukin-4 signaling is beneficial for clinical progression and axon pathology in different neuroinflammation models. | 10.1038/s41582-019-0174-4 | This study reveals a beneficial effect of intrathecal IL-4 treatment on progression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, thereby highlighting a new pathway of neuroimmune interplay as a potential therapeutic target |
10.1038/s41467-017-01700-3 | 20,858,824 | Abstract The identification of circulating autoantibodies against neuronal receptors in neuropsychiatric disorders has fostered new conceptual and clinical frameworks. However, detection reliability, putative presence in different diseases and in health have raised questions about potential pathogenic mechanism mediate... | 10.1038/s41582-019-0174-4 | This study reveals differential effects of autoantibodies against the glutamate NMDA receptor on synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation in patients with psychosis versus healthy controls, providing a mechanistic framework for different clinical outcomes despite similar autoantibodies |
10.1126/science.aad0314 | 41,707,693 | A T cell cause for autism? The causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex and not entirely clear. Alterations in the mother's immune system during pregnancy, especially during key early periods of fetal neurodevelopment, may play a role. Choi et al. provided infectious or inflammatory stimuli to pregnant mice... | 10.1038/s41582-019-0174-4 | The results of this study indicate that the development of ASD-like phenotypes in offspring in the murine model of maternal immune activation is mediated by T H 17 cells |
10.1038/s41398-018-0214-7 | 122,372,783 | Abstract The identification of brain-targeted autoantibodies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) raises the possibility of autoimmune encephalopathy (AIE). Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is effective for AIE and for some children with ASD. Here, we present the largest case series of children with ASD tre... | 10.1038/s41582-019-0174-4 | This article and that by Melamed et al. (2018) describe pilot studies that provided the first evidence for a beneficial effect of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of children with ASD and signs of inflammation |
10.1177/0969141315575052 | 59,105,096 | Objectives The absolute annual risk of patients with Barrett's oesophagus (BO) developing oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is ≤0.5%. Screening BO patients for malignant progression using endoscopic surveillance is widely practised. To assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this, we developed a protocol for a ran... | 10.1038/s41572-019-0086-z | This article presents a study protocol for a randomized study that will provide data to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of screening patients with BE for the presence of EAC |
10.1079/cabicompendium.2953 | 140,383,046 | This datasheet on Acraea acerata covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Dispersal, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Natural Enemies, Impacts, Prevention/Control, Further Information. | 10.1038/s41477-022-01273-0 | This article reports that the threat of SPWs is gradually spreading to high latitudes due to global warming and agricultural migration. |
10.1073/pnas.1714019114 | 19,062,323 | Cytokines critically control immune responses, but how regulatory programs are altered to allow T cells to differentially respond to distinct cytokine stimuli remains poorly understood. Here, we have globally analyzed enhancer elements bound by IL-2–activated STAT5 and IL-21–activated STAT3 in T cells and identified Il... | 10.1038/s41577-018-0046-y | This study identifies a STAT5-based super-enhancer as the key regulatory element mediating IL-2-induced gene regulation of Il2ra and dissects the functional elements of the super-enhancer |
10.1126/science.1122927 | 103,796,046 | Interleukin-2 (IL-2), which is a growth factor for T lymphocytes, can also sometimes be inhibitory. Thus, the proliferation of CD8 + T cells in vivo is increased after the injection of a monoclonal antibody that is specific for IL-2 (IL-2 mAb), perhaps reflecting the removal of IL-2–dependent CD4 + T regulatory cells (... | 10.1038/s41577-018-0046-y | This is an early demonstration of cell-subset-specific effects of antibodies against IL-2 |
10.1126/science.aar3246 | 4,860,145 | Engineering cytokine-receptor pairs Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an important cytokine that helps T cells destroy tumors and virus-infected cells. IL-2 has great therapeutic promise but is limited by toxic side effects and its capacity to both activate and repress immune responses. Sockolosky et al. set out to improve IL-2–... | 10.1038/s41577-018-0046-y | This paper describes a method for engineering tumour-specific T cells that can be selectively expanded in vivo via the interaction of a mutant form of IL-2 with an altered IL-2 receptor |
10.1182/blood-2010-08-303099 | 41,728,068 | Abstract Activation of the adaptive Ire1-XBP1 pathway has been identified in many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we report the identification of STF-083010, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of Ire1. STF-083010 inhibited Ire1 endonuclease activity, without affecting its... | 10.1038/s41589-019-0326-2 | This study reported one of the first selective and in vivo active IRE1α RNase inhibitors and its impact in cancer |
10.1126/science.1101902 | 82,399,249 | Most protein phosphatases have little intrinsic substrate specificity, making selective pharmacological inhibition of specific dephosphorylation reactions a challenging problem. In a screen for small molecules that protect cells from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we identified salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of ... | 10.1038/s41589-019-0326-2 | This study reports the first successful screening to identify small molecules that improve ER proteostasis |
10.1126/science.aaa4484 | 38,440,771 | Giving protein folding a helping hand The reversible phosphorylation of proteins controls virtually all aspects of cell and organismal function. Targeting phosphorylation offers a broad range of therapeutic opportunities, and thus kinases have become important therapeutic targets. As targets, phosphatases should be as ... | 10.1038/s41589-019-0326-2 | Identification of Sephin 1 as a selective inhibitor of the inducible eIF2α phosphatase and its application to treat neurodegenerative diseases |
10.1126/science.aaa6986 | 60,574,374 | Identification of a memory drug target ISRIB is a potent inhibitor of the integrated stress response (ISR), which involves the activation of eIF2α-specific kinases, phosphorylation of eIF2α, and consequent down-regulation of global translation levels. ISRIB is also a candidate drug for treating certain memory disorders... | 10.1038/s41589-019-0326-2 | This study reports co-identification of eIF2B as the target of ISRIB |
10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100617-062710 | 123,109,459 | Endocytosis has long been identified as a key cellular process involved in bringing in nutrients, in clearing cellular debris in tissue, in the regulation of signaling, and in maintaining cell membrane compositional homeostasis. While clathrin-mediated endocytosis has been most extensively studied, a number of clathrin... | 10.1038/s41565-021-00858-8 | A comprehensive topical review of clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytic pathways |
10.1002/wnan.1452 | 62,287,952 | Using nanoparticles to deliver drugs to cells has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many diseases, including HIV , cancer, and diabetes. One of the major challenges facing this field is controlling where the drug is trafficked once the nanoparticle is taken up into the cell. In particular, if drugs remain... | 10.1038/s41565-021-00858-8 | A review of our current understanding of endosomal escape in relation to nanoparticle delivery |
10.1126/science.1200439 | 83,418,170 | Chronic yeast infections in the absence of other infections result from genetic deficiencies in proinflammatory host responses. | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This is the first study showing that impaired IL-17 responses underlie chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in humans |
10.1084/jem.20130877 | 125,140,107 | Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. OPC is frequent in HIV/AIDS, implicating adaptive immunity. Mice are naive to Candida, yet IL-17 is induced within 24 h of infection, and susceptibility is strongly dependent on IL-17R signaling. We sought to identify the s... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This study reveals the crucial contribution of both natural T H 17 cells and γδ T cells in controlling Candida in the oral mucosa |
10.1084/jem.20081463 | 125,140,295 | The commensal fungus Candida albicans causes oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC; thrush) in settings of immunodeficiency. Although disseminated, vaginal, and oral candidiasis are all caused by C. albicans species, host defense against C. albicans varies by anatomical location. T helper 1 (Th1) cells have long been implicat... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This is the first study to show the crucial contribution of type 17 immune responses in mucosal host defence against Candida in mice |
10.1126/sciimmunol.aba0570 | 17,635,708 | Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC; thrush) is an opportunistic infection caused by the commensal fungus Candida albicans . Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22 are cytokines produced by type 17 lymphocytes. Both cytokines mediate antifungal immunity yet activate quite distinct downstream signaling pathways. While much is now ... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This study defines the mechanistic role of the type 17 cytokine IL-22 in promoting protection during mucosal candidiasis in mice |
10.1126/science.aay5731 | 62,434,231 | Human monogenic disorders have revealed the critical contribution of type 17 responses in mucosal fungal surveillance. We unexpectedly found that in certain settings, enhanced type 1 immunity rather than defective type 17 responses can promote mucosal fungal infection susceptibility. Notably, in mice and humans with AI... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This study uncovers the contribution of exacerbated mucosal type 1 immune responses in promoting mucosal fungal infection by disrupting the integrity of the epithelial barrier |
10.1126/science.1250684 | 20,656,203 | A BLUEPRINT of immune cell development To determine the epigenetic mechanisms that direct blood cells to develop into the many components of our immune system, the BLUEPRINT consortium examined the regulation of DNA and RNA transcription to dissect the molecular traits that govern blood cell differentiation. By inducin... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This study defines the metabolic and epigenetic alterations that underlie the development of protective trained immunity to candidiasis |
10.1126/science.aan0365 | 17,712,862 | Survivin' neutrophil surveillance Humans constantly inhale fungal spores. Why don't we suffer more invasive infections from ubiquitous fungal molds such as Aspergillus fumigatus ? Working in mice, Shlezinger et al. found that neutrophils phagocytosed germinating fungal spores deep in the lungs (see the Perspective by W... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This study shows that neutrophils trigger a programmed cell death pathway with apoptosis-like features in Aspergillus conidia that is opposed by the fungal antiapoptotic protein AfBIR1 |
10.1126/sciimmunol.aan5357 | 40,758,166 | Type III interferons activate neutrophils to promote antifungal immune responses to Aspergillus fumigatus . | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This work uncovers the crucial contribution of type III interferon signalling in promoting neutrophil-dependent protection against pulmonary aspergillosis |
10.1182/blood-2010-05-285080 | 45,538,515 | Abstract Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a considerable problem in the treatment of HIV-infected patients. To identify immunologic correlates of IRIS, we characterized T-cell phenotypic markers and serum cytokine levels in HIV patients with a range of different AIDS-defining illnesses, before and ... | 10.1038/s41577-022-00826-w | This work describes enhanced type 1 immune responses in patients with HIV/AIDS with IRIS |
10.1002/cncr.31943 | 103,842,810 | The range of psychosocial stress factors/processes (eg, chronic stress, distress states, coping, social adversity) were reviewed as they relate to immune variables in cancer along with studies of psychosocial interventions on these stress processes and immune measures in cancer populations. The review includes molecula... | 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5 | This review discusses both preclinical and clinical studies and summarizes the effects of stress and stress management on immune indices in cancer, suggesting potential optimal strategies for stress management in patients with cancer |
10.1038/ncomms10634 | 41,763,956 | Abstract Chronic stress induces signalling from the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and drives cancer progression, although the pathways of tumour cell dissemination are unclear. Here we show that chronic stress restructures lymphatic networks within and around tumours to provide pathways for tumour cell escape. We sh... | 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5 | This preclinical study demonstrates the effects of chronic stress on lymphatic modulation and metastasis, and identifies the underlying adrenergic mechanisms |
10.1126/scitranslmed.abb5817 | 103,679,372 | Tumor recurrence years after seemingly successful treatment of primary tumors is one of the major causes of mortality in patients with cancer. Reactivation of dormant tumor cells is largely responsible for this phenomenon. Using dormancy models of lung and ovarian cancer, we found a specific mechanism, mediated by stre... | 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5 | This preclinical study identifies a distinct mechanism by which tumour-associated neutrophils respond to stress-induced adrenergic activation, and lead to reactivation of dormant tumour cells. This study highlights β-blockade as a potential strategy to prevent stress-induced cancer relapse |
10.1002/cam4.1895 | 103,662,558 | Abstract Background Currently, there are eight meta‐analyses that address the question whether psychosocial intervention can prolong survival with widely disparate conclusions. One reason for inconsistent findings may be the methods by which previous meta‐analyses were conducted. Methods Databases were searched to iden... | 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5 | This meta-analysis assesses the effects of psychosocial stress management on cancer survival, discusses limitations of meta-analytic methods and identifies subpopulations that may better benefit from stress-management approaches |
10.4049/jimmunol.0903301 | 27,987,812 | Abstract Clinical practice does not consider perioperative paracrine and neuroendocrine stress responses as risk factors for cancer recurrence, although recent animal studies provided supportive evidence. Suggested mechanisms include the effects of stress-hormones on tumor cells and on host physiology. In this study, i... | 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5 | This preclinical study demonstrates the synergistic beneficial effects of perioperative blockade of adrenergic and prostaglandin signalling on immunity and postoperative survival in two models of spontaneous metastasis |
10.1002/cncr.32950 | 79,812,083 | Background Preclinical studies have implicated excess release of catecholamines and prostaglandins in the mediation of prometastatic processes during surgical treatment of cancer. In this study, we tested the combined perioperative blockade of these pathways in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods In a random... | 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5 | This clinical trial demonstrates safety, feasibility and efficacy of perioperative combined treatment with propranolol and etodolac to improve cancer biomarkers and, potentially, survival outcomes in patients with CRC |
10.1093/neuonc/noab106 | 19,142,649 | Abstract The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, is the sixth version of the international standard for the classification of brain and spinal cord tumors. Building on the 2016 updated fourth edition and the work of the Consortium to Inform Molecular... | 10.1038/s41582-022-00679-w | A comprehensive summary of the new WHO classification of CNS tumours, with an emphasis on new tumour types |
10.1084/jem.20171450 | 125,212,619 | T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are required to develop germinal center (GC) responses and drive immunoglobulin class switch, affinity maturation, and long-term B cell memory. In this study, we characterize a recently developed vaccine platform, nucleoside-modified, purified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (mR... | 10.1038/s41565-022-01174-5 | This study demonstrates how modified mRNA-LNP vaccines induce highly potent and durable neutralizing antibody responses |
10.1038/s41467-020-20751-7 | 123,017,965 | Abstract Single-cell RNA sequencing in principle offers unique opportunities to improve the efficacy of contemporary T-cell based immunotherapy against cancer. The use of high-quality single-cell data will aid our incomplete understanding of molecular programs determining the differentiation and functional heterogeneit... | 10.1038/s41592-022-01456-9 | An example of a scRNA-seq method with UMI count inflation |
10.1186/s13059-020-02078-0 | 122,628,285 | Abstract Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) profiles gene expression of individual cells. Unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) remove duplicates in read counts resulting from polymerase chain reaction, a major source of noise. For scRNA-seq data lacking UMIs, we propose quasi-UMIs: quantile normalization of read counts to ... | 10.1038/s41592-022-01456-9 | This article proposes a quasi-UMI method for normalizing read count data |
10.1111/j.0954-6820.1979.tb13510.x | 103,118,954 | ABSTRACT An abnormal microheterogeneous component of serum transferrin, with a higher isoelectric point than the normal main component, was studied by means of isoelectric focusing and direct immunofixation in 98 alcoholic patients, 22 patients with liver diseases and 100 controls. Its relation to acute and prolonged e... | 10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4 | This publication demonstrates for the first time the relationship between alcohol abuse, clinical phenotype and abnormal glycosylation of transferrin |
10.1038/ncomms11205 | 39,807,211 | Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated IgG antibodies such as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) have diverse glycosylation variants; however, key sugar chains modulating the arthritogenic activity of IgG remain to be clarified. Here, we show that reduced sialylation is a common feature of RA-associat... | 10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4 | This study shows that sialylation of anti-citrullinated protein IgG autoantibodies in RA produced IgG with anti-pathogenic properties |
10.1073/pnas.1513456112 | 62,073,234 | Antibodies have been developed as therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer, infection, and inflammation. In addition to binding activity toward the target, antibodies also exhibit effector-mediated activities through the interaction of the Fc glycan and the Fc receptors on immune cells. To identify the optimal gl... | 10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4 | This study demonstrates that specific glycans of IgG affect binding kinetics to various Fc receptors to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity |
10.1126/science.aab2749 | 122,628,375 | A close up view of retrovirus spreading Viral infections typically begin with a small number of viral particles gaining access to the host at a specific tissue site. But how do viruses that cause systemic infections, such as HIV, spread more widely? Sewald et al. visualized how the retroviruses murine leukemia virus (M... | 10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4 | This study shows that CD169 facilitates retroviral infection in macrophages via gangliosides on the viral surface |
10.1111/xen.12019 | 62,368,668 | Abstract Background Clinical xenotransplantation is not possible because humans possess antibodies that recognize antigens on the surface of pig cells. Galα‐1,3‐ G al ( G al) and N ‐glycolylneuraminic acid ( N eu5 G c) are two known xenoantigens. Methods We report the homozygous disruption of the α1, 3‐galactosyltransf... | 10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4 | This study shows that deletion of xenogeneic antigens in pig embryos reduces immune rejection |
10.1083/jcb.86.2.688 | 124,652,735 | Glomerular basement membranes (GBM's) were subjected to digestion in situ with glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes to assess the effect of removing glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on the permeability of the GBM to native ferritin (NF). Kidneys were digested by perfusion with enzyme solutions followed by perfusion with NF. In ... | 10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4 | This study shows that glycosaminoglycans are necessary to prevent increased permeability in the glomerulus, a common occurrence during kidney injury |
10.26434/chemrxiv.11594067 | 15,098,117 | Developing new small molecules that are bioactive is time-consuming, costly and rarely successful. As a mitigation strategy, we apply, for the first time, generative adversarial networks to de novo design of small molecules using a phenotype-based drug discovery approach. We trained our model on a set of 30,000 compoun... | 10.1038/s41573-020-00117-w | This study proposes an approach to image-based lead optimization: a generative adversarial network is trained on small-molecule structures with and without matching image-based profiles to generate new small-molecule structures that mimic the morphological profiles induced by overexpression of 12 individual genes |
10.1126/science.1100709 | 82,934,637 | We present a method for high-throughput cytological profiling by microscopy. Our system provides quantitative multidimensional measures of individual cell states over wide ranges of perturbations. We profile dose-dependent phenotypic effects of drugs in human cell culture with a titration-invariant similarity score (TI... | 10.1038/s41573-020-00117-w | This article arguably launched the field of image-based profiling, as it presents the high-dimensional analysis of images of cells in the presence of chemical perturbations |
10.1038/s41598-020-69354-8 | 75,940,669 | Abstract Phenomic profiles are high-dimensional sets of readouts that can comprehensively capture the biological impact of chemical and genetic perturbations in cellular assay systems. Phenomic profiling of compound libraries can be used for compound target identification or mechanism of action (MoA) prediction and oth... | 10.1038/s41573-020-00117-w | This study quantifies the improvement in the ability of image-based profiling using Cell Painting to distinguish compound MOAs in 15 cell lines versus the best single cell line (approximately twofold); use of data from all 15 cell lines distinguished only about half of the MOAs |
10.1038/s41467-021-27308-2 | 133,522,722 | Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role during metastasis, but the dynamic behavior and induction mechanisms of CSCs are not well understood. Here, we employ high-resolution intravital microscopy using a CSC biosensor to directly observe CSCs in live mice with mammary tumors. CSCs display the slow-migr... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | This work uses high-resolution intravital microscopy of a fluorescent biosensor for CSCs to discover that tumour-associated macrophages induce a stem-like phenotype in migrating breast cancer cells as the tumour cells enter the vasculature |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aan0026 | 41,526,594 | Chemotherapy induces prometastatic changes in breast cancer, reversible by TIE2 or MENA inhibition. | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | Using fixed tissue and IVI, this work looks at the effect of chemotherapy on TMEM doorway-mediated breast cancer cell dissemination and finds that chemotherapy increases dissemination by increasing the density and activity of TMEM doorways and increases MENA expression |
10.1038/s41467-022-28076-3 | 127,193,445 | Abstract Metastases are initiated by disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) that colonize distant organs. Growing evidence suggests that the microenvironment of the primary tumor primes DTCs for dormant or proliferative fates. However, the manner in which this occurs remains poorly understood. Here, using the Window for High-... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | This work uses IVI to look at the fate of individual disseminated breast cancer cells as they arrive at the lung, and finds that, within the primary site, tumour-associated macrophages induce dissemination and dormancy phenotypes within a subset of tumour cells as the tumour cells enter the vasculature |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aal0225 | 103,787,180 | Radiation therapy enhances nanotherapeutic drug delivery in a tumor-associated macrophage–dependent fashion. | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | This article demonstrates how IVI can lead to new therapeutic approaches, by showing how radiotherapy causes tumour-associated macrophages to accumulate adjacent to microvasculature, and that they then ‘prime’ the TME for improved drug responses by eliciting dynamic bursts of extravasation, and subsequently enhance dru... |
10.1038/s41467-020-17772-7 | 103,328,099 | Abstract Programmed cell death or apoptosis is a central biological process that is dysregulated in many diseases, including inflammatory conditions and cancer. The detection and quantification of apoptotic cells in vivo is hampered by the need for fixatives or washing steps for non-fluorogenic reagents, and by the low... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | This article provides an excellent example of the new probes being developed for IVI: a highly stable fluorogenic peptide that selectively stains apoptotic cells in vitro and in vivo and is validated in vivo for quantification and imaging of drug-induced apoptosis |
10.1182/blood-2012-12-475483 | 80,317,010 | Key Points Stromal OPN anchors leukemia cells in prodormancy BM niches. Inhibiting this interaction leads dormant cells to proliferate, sensitizing them to chemotherapy. | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | This work uses IVI to demonstrate that blocking bone marrow niche signals can release leukaemic cells from dormancy, rendering these cells chemosensitive, and subsequently leading to a decrease in minimal residual disease |
10.1111/imcb.12216 | 59,841,552 | Abstract The majority of acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) patients have a poor response to conventional chemotherapy. The survival of chemoresistant cells is thought to depend on leukemia‐bone marrow ( BM ) microenvironment interactions, which are not well understood. The CXCL 12/ CXCR 4 axis has been proposed to support... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | By visualizing motility patterns of leukaemic cells with IVI, this work demonstrates that some leukaemias may respond poorly to chemotherapy owing to differences in bone marrow signals that allow the leukaemic cells to remain within the protective bone marrow niche |
10.1242/jcs.181842 | 41,450,471 | Intravital microscopy provides dynamic understanding of multiple cell biological processes, but its limited resolution has so far precluded structural analysis. Because it is difficult to capture rare and transient events, only few attempts were made to observe specific developmental and pathological processes in anima... | 10.1038/s41568-022-00527-5 | This work develops a microscopy technique capable of correlating IVI videos with electron microscopy by using X-ray computed tomography as an intermediate step to provide clearly identifiable structures in all modalities |
10.1242/jcs.235002 | 102,210,784 | Autophagy is initiated by the formation of phagophore assembly sites (PAS), the precursors of autophagosomes. In mammals, PAS form throughout the cytosol in specialized subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In yeast, the PAS is also generated close to the ER, but always in the vicinity of the vacuole. How the P... | 10.1038/s41580-020-0241-0 | This study describes tethering of the Atg1 complex to the vacuolar membrane by Vac8 |
10.1128/mcb.01327-13 | 103,730,461 | ABSTRACT Recent findings have suggested that the autophagic isolation membrane (IM) might originate from a domain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) called the omegasome. However, the morphological relationships between ER, omegasome, and IM remain unclear. In the present study, we found that hybrid structures composed ... | 10.1038/s41580-020-0241-0 | This work and Axe et al. (2008), Hayashi-Nishino et al. (2009) and Ylä-Anttila et al. (2009) together reveal a direct connection of the isolation membrane to the ER via the omegasome/IMATs |
10.7554/elife.45777 | 83,009,186 | An enigmatic step in de novo formation of the autophagosome membrane compartment is the expansion of the precursor membrane phagophore, which requires the acquisition of lipids to serve as building blocks. Autophagy-related 2 (ATG2), the rod-shaped protein that tethers phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-enriched p... | 10.1038/s41580-020-0241-0 | This work and Chowdhury et al. (2018), Gómez-Sánchez et al. (2018), Kotani et al. (2018), Valverde et al. (2019) and Osawa et al. (2019) together reveal the membrane-tethering and lipid transfer functions of Atg2/ATG2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.