question
stringlengths
11
28.2k
answer
stringlengths
26
27.7k
tag
stringclasses
130 values
question_id
int64
935
78.4M
score
int64
10
5.49k
We've got an application which will be using RabbitMQ and have several different queues for passing messages between tiers. Initially, I was planning to use multiple direct exchanges, with one for each message type, but it looks like having a single topic exchange with queues using different routing key bindings will a...
Assuming both models are being considered to be implemented using one broker running, there's little difference that I can see. Option 2 seems more common in the real world for solving this kind of routing problem (at least in my anecdotal experience) and it's exactly the challenge that Topic Exchanges exist to solve. ...
RabbitMQ
9,704,590
62
Does anyone know if there's a way to check the number of messages in a RabbitMQ queue from a client application? I'm using the .NET client library.
You can actually retrieve this via the client. When you perform a queue_declare operation, RabbitMQ returns a tuple with three values: (<queue name>, <message count>, <consumer count>). The passive argument to queue_declare allows you to check whether a queue exists without modifying the server state, so you can use qu...
RabbitMQ
1,038,318
62
I'm trying to setup my first RabbitMQ dead letter exchange, here are the steps I'm using through the web admin interface: Create new DIRECT exchange with the name "dead.letter.test" Create new queue "dead.letter.queue" Bind "dead.letter.queue" to "dead.letter.test" Create new queue "test1" with the dead letter exchang...
Gentilissimo Signore was kind enough to answer my question on Twitter. The problem is that if your dead letter exchange is setup as DIRECT you must specify a dead letter routing key. If you just want all your NACKed message to go into a dead letter bucket for later investigation (as I do) then your dead letter exchan...
RabbitMQ
21,742,232
61
RabbitMQ in docker lost data after remove container without volume. My Dockerfile: FROM rabbitmq:3-management ENV RABBITMQ_HIPE_COMPILE 1 ENV RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE "123456" ENV RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_VHOST "123456" My run script: IMAGE_NAME="service-rabbitmq" TAG="${REGISTRY_ADDRESS}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${VERSION}" echo $TAG d...
Rabbitmq uses the hostname as part of the folder name in the mnesia directory. Maybe add a --hostname some-rabbit to your docker run? I had the same issue and I found the answer here.
RabbitMQ
41,330,514
60
I am using django-celery for my django project. Last day I have changed my computer's hostname (I am using Ubuntu 12.04, edited file '/etc/hostname'), and after next restart django-celery was failing with error Consumer: Connection Error: [Errno 111] Connection refused. Trying again in 4 seconds... After some researc...
Remove the old installation of RabbitMQ to fix this problem. Here are steps to reinstall RabbitMQ. These commands are run as the root user: Stop RabbitMQ: rabbitmqctl stop Change /etc/hosts Change /etc/hostname Uninstall old RabbitMQ: dpkg -P rabbitmq-server Remove RabbitMQ’s database: rm -rf /var/lib/rabbitmq Find er...
RabbitMQ
14,659,335
60
I have thousands of unacked messages in my dev environment which I can't restart. Is there a way to remove (purge) all messages even if they are unacknowledged?
Close the channel that the unacked messages reside on, which will nack them back into the queue, then call purge.
RabbitMQ
25,114,230
59
I've created an ASP.NET Core MVC/WebApi site that has a RabbitMQ subscriber based off James Still's blog article Real-World PubSub Messaging with RabbitMQ. In his article he uses a static class to start the queue subscriber and define the event handler for queued events. This static method then instantiates the event ...
You can avoid the static classes and use Dependency Injection all the way through combined with: The use of IApplicationLifetime to start/stop the listener whenever the application starts/stops. The use of IServiceProvider to create instances of the message processors. First thing, let's move the configuration to its...
RabbitMQ
40,611,683
58
Does RabbitMQ have any concept of message priority? I have an issue where some more important messages are being slowed down due to less important messages sitting before them in the queue. I want the high-priority ones to take precedence and move to the front of the queue. I know I can approximate this using two queue...
The answers on this question are out-of-date. As of RabbitMQ 3.5.0, there is now in-core support for AMQP standard per-message priorities. The documentation has all the gory details, but in short: You need to define the queue's priority range at the time the queue is created; Messages without a priority set get a pr...
RabbitMQ
10,745,084
58
What is the benefit of building on top of MassTransit compared to building directly on top of RabbitMQ? I believe one benefit provided by MassTransit is 'type' exchange (publish subscribe by interface / type) so the content of the message is structured, compared to plain RabbitMQ exchanges where the content of the mess...
Things that MT adds on top of just using RabbitMQ: Optimized, asynchronous multithreaded, concurrent consumers Message serialization, with support for interfaces, classes, and records, including guidance on versioning message contracts Automatic exchange bindings, publish conventions Saga state machines, including per...
RabbitMQ
12,296,787
57
I haven't found an existing post asking this but apologize if I missed it. I'm trying to get my head round microservices and have come across articles where RabbitMQ is used. I'm confused why RabbitMQ is needed. Is the intention that the services will use a web api to communicate with the outside world and RabbitMQ to...
In Microservices architecture you have two ways to communicate between the microservices: Synchronous - that is, each service calls directly the other microservice , which results in dependency between the services Asynchronous - you have some central hub (or message queue) where you place all requests between the mic...
RabbitMQ
45,208,766
56
I have installed rabbitmq on ubuntu and trying to start it using rabbitmq-server start, however, I'm getting this error: Activating RabbitMQ plugins ... 0 plugins activated: node with name "rabbit" already running on "mybox" diagnostics: - nodes and their ports on mybox: [{rabbit,38618}, ...
Rabbitmq is set to start automatically after it's installed. I don't think it is configured run with the service command. To see the status of rabbitmq sudo rabbitmqctl status To stop the rabbitmq sudo rabbitmqctl stop (Try the status command again to see that it's stopped). To start it again, the recommended method ...
RabbitMQ
10,347,751
56
As a way to learn RabbitMQ and python I'm working on a project that allows me to distribute h264 encodes between a number of computers. The basics are done, I have a daemon that runs on Linux or Mac that attaches to queue, accepts jobs and encodes them using HandBrakeCLI and acks the message once the encode is complet...
Queue browsing is not supported directly, but if you declare a queue with NO auto acknowledgements and do not ACK the messages that you receive, then you can see everything in it. After you have had a look, send a CANCEL on the channel, or disconnect and reconnect to cause all the messages to be requeued. This does inc...
RabbitMQ
4,700,292
55
I get a string through a rabbitmq message system. Before sending, I use json.Marshal, convert the outcome to string and send through rabbitmq. The structs that I convert and send can be: (changed the names and the size of the structs but it should not matter) type Somthing1 struct{ Thing string `json:"thi...
The default types that the json package Unmarshals into are shown in the Unmarshal function documentation bool, for JSON booleans float64, for JSON numbers string, for JSON strings []interface{}, for JSON arrays map[string]interface{}, for JSON objects nil for JSON null Since you're unmarshaling into an interface{}, t...
RabbitMQ
35,583,735
54
For the company I work for we would like to use RabbitMQ as our main message bus. The idea we have is that every single application uses their own vhost for internal communication and that via the shovel or federation plugin we would make it possible to share certain type of the events across multiple vhosts (maybe ev...
Shovels and queue provide different means to be forward messages from one RabbitMQ node to another. Federated Exchange With a federated exchange, queues can be connected to the queue on the upstream(source) node. In addition, an exchange on the downstream(destination) node will receive a copy of messages that are publi...
RabbitMQ
19,357,272
54
I've been evaluating messaging technologies for my company but I've become very confused by the conceptual differences between a few terms: Pub/Sub vs Multicast vs Fan Out I am working with the following definitions: Pub/Sub has publishers delivering a separate copy of each message to each subscriber which means that ...
I'm confused by your choice of three terms to compare. Within RabbitMQ, Fanout and Direct are exchange types. Pub-Sub is a generic messaging pattern but not an exchange type. And you didn't even mention the 3rd and most important Exchange type, namely Topic. In fact, you can implement Fanout behavior on a Topic exchang...
RabbitMQ
8,261,654
54
It seems the longer I keep my rabbitmq server running, the more trouble I have with unacknowledged messages. I would love to requeue them. In fact there seems to be an amqp command to do this, but it only applies to the channel that your connection is using. I built a little pika script to at least try it out, but I am...
Unacknowledged messages are those which have been delivered across the network to a consumer but have not yet been ack'ed or rejected -- but that consumer hasn't yet closed the channel or connection over which it originally received them. Therefore the broker can't figure out if the consumer is just taking a long time ...
RabbitMQ
7,063,224
54
On my team at work, we use the IBM MQ technology a lot for cross-application communication. I've seen lately on Hacker News and other places about other MQ technologies like RabbitMQ. I have a basic understanding of what it is (a commonly checked area to put and get messages), but what I want to know what exactly is it...
All the explanations so far are accurate and to the point - but might be missing something: one of the main benefits of message queueing: resilience. Imagine this: you need to communicate with two or three other systems. A common approach these days will be web services which is fine if you need an answers right away. ...
RabbitMQ
2,868,800
53
What is the easiest way to create a delay (or parking) queue with Python, Pika and RabbitMQ? I have seen an similar questions, but none for Python. I find this an useful idea when designing applications, as it allows us to throttle messages that needs to be re-queued again. There are always the possibility that you wi...
I found this extremely useful when developing my applications. As it gives you an alternative to simply re-queuing your messages. This can easily reduce the complexity of your code, and is one of many powerful hidden features in RabbitMQ. Steps First we need to set up two basic channels, one for the main queue, and one...
RabbitMQ
17,014,584
52
I'm using rabbitMQ, I take every message from queue with basic_get without automatically acking procedure, which means the message remain in queue until I ack or nack the message. Sometimes I've messages that can't be processed because of some exception thrown, which prevented them from being fully processed. Question ...
The basic.nack command is apparently a RabbitMQ extension, which extends the functionality of basic.reject to include a bulk processing mode. Both include a "bit" (i.e. boolean) flag of requeue, so you actually have several choices: nack/reject with requeue=1: the message will be returned to the queue it came from as ...
RabbitMQ
28,794,123
49
How does RabbitMQ compare to Mule, I am going to build an application using message oriented architecture and AMQP (RabbitMQ) provides everything i want, but i am perplexed with so many related technology choice and similar concepts like ESB. I am having a doubt if i am making a choice without considering other alterna...
Mule is an ESB (Enterprise Service Bus). RabbitMQ is a message broker. An ESB provides added layers atop of a message broker such as routing, transformations and business process management. It is a mediator between applications, integrating Web Services, REST endpoints, database connections, email and ftp servers - yo...
RabbitMQ
3,280,576
49
In the RabbitMQ/AMQP Java client, you can create an AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder, and use it to build() an instance of AMQP.BasicProperties. This built properties instance can then be used for all sorts of important things. There are lots of "builder"-style methods available on this builder class: BasicProperties.Build...
Usually I use very simple approach to memorize something. I will provide all details below, but here is a simple picture of BasicProperties field and values. I've also tried to properly highlight queue/server and application context. If you want me to enhance it a bit - just drop a small comment. What I really want i...
RabbitMQ
18,403,623
48
I need to have a python client that can discover queues on a restarted RabbitMQ server exchange, and then start up a clients to resume consuming messages from each queue. How can I discover queues from some RabbitMQ compatible python api/library?
There does not seem to be a direct AMQP-way to manage the server but there is a way you can do it from Python. I would recommend using a subprocess module combined with the rabbitmqctl command to check the status of the queues. I am assuming that you are running this on Linux. From a command line, running: rabbitmqct...
RabbitMQ
4,287,941
48
I'm debugging some Java code that uses Apache POI to pull data out of Microsoft Office documents. Occasionally, it encounter a large document and POI crashes when it runs out of memory. At that point, it tries to publish the error to RabbitMQ, so that other components can know that this step failed and take the appropr...
An AMQP channel is closed on a channel error. Two common things that can cause a channel error: Trying to publish a message to an exchange that doesn't exist Trying to publish a message with the immediate flag set that doesn't have a queue with an active consumer set I would look into setting up a ShutdownListener o...
RabbitMQ
8,839,094
47
I want to know how does RabbitMQ store the messages physically in its RAM and Disk? I know that RabbitMQ tries to keep the messages in memory (But I don't know how the messages are put in the Ram). But the messages can be spilled into disk when the messages are with persistent mode or when the broker has the memory pre...
RabbitMQ uses a custom DB to store the messages, the db is usually located here: /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@hostname/queues Starting form the version 3.5.5 RabbitMQ introduced the new New Credit Flow https://www.rabbitmq.com/blog/2015/10/06/new-credit-flow-settings-on-rabbitmq-3-5-5/ Let’s take a look at how Ra...
RabbitMQ
38,444,425
46
After the consumer gets a message, consumer/worker does some validations and then call web service. In this phase, if any error occurs or validation fails, we want the message put back to the queue it was originally consumed from. I have read RabbitMQ documentation. But I am confused about differences between reject, ...
Short answer: To requeue specific message you can pick both basic.reject or basic.nack with multiple flag set to false. basic.consume calling may also results to messages redelivering if you are using message acknowledge and there are un-acknowledged message on consumer at specific time and consumer exit without ack-in...
RabbitMQ
24,107,913
46
How can I check whether a message Queue already exists or not? I have 2 different applications, one creating a queue and the other reading from that queue. So if I run the Client which reads from the queue first, than it crashes. So to avoid that i would like to check first whether the queue exists or not. here is the ...
Don't bother checking. queue.declare is an idempotent operation. So, if you run it once, twice, N times, the result will still be the same. If you want to ensure that the queue exists, just declare it before using it. Make sure you declare it with the same durability, exclusivity, auto-deleted-ness every time, otherw...
RabbitMQ
3,457,305
45
I'm following this guide to learn how to use spring-rabbit with RabbitMQ. However in this guide, the RabbitMQ configuration is as default(localhost server and with credential as guest/guest). What should I do if I want to connect to an remote RabbitMQ with ip address and credential? I don't know where to set these info...
The application for that guide is a Spring Boot Application. Add a file application.properties to src/main/resources. You can then configure rabbitmq properties according to the Spring Boot Documentation - scroll down to the rabbitmq properties... ... spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost # RabbitMQ host. ... spring.rabbitmq....
RabbitMQ
42,200,317
44
I'm trying to send a python dictionary from a python producer to a python consumer using RabbitMQ. The producer first establishes the connection to local RabbitMQ server. Then it creates a queue to which the message will be delivered, and finally sends the message. The consumer first connects to RabbitMQ server and the...
You can't send native Python types as your payload, you have to serialize them first. I recommend using JSON: import json channel.basic_publish(exchange='', routing_key='task_queue', body=json.dumps(message), properties=pika.BasicProperties( ...
RabbitMQ
34,534,178
44
What are the differences between those amqp client libraries? Which one is the most recommended? What are the major differences?
I would recommend amqp.node and bramqp over node-amqp. node-amqp has a lot of bugs and is poorly maintained, and it hides the "channel" concept which introduces a lot of problems for rabbitmq servers (because they are never closed).
RabbitMQ
20,128,124
44
I started to use rabbit.js to connect to RabbitMQ from a node.js application. I'm blocked at: Error: Channel closed by server: 403 (ACCESS-REFUSED) with message "ACCESS_REFUSED -operation not permitted on the default exchange"     at Channel.C.accept (/.../rabbit.js/node_modules/amqplib/lib/channel.js:398:24)     ...
So I never used rabbit.js myself, but after diving into the code, it seems to be using amqplib. The code that parses it can be seen here and it seems it's calling the standard nodejs URL module. So perhaps you can try something like this: amqp://user:pass@host.com/vhost Hope it helps! Cheers.
RabbitMQ
24,945,112
42
Does the RabbitMQ .NET client have any sort of asynchronous support? I'd like to be able to connect and consume messages asynchronously, but haven't found a way to do either so far. (For consuming messages I can use the EventingBasicConsumer, but that's not a complete solution.) Just to give some context, this is an ex...
Rabbit supports dispatching to asynchronous message handlers using the AsyncEventingBasicConsumer class. It works similarly to EventingBasicConsumer, but allows you to register a callback which returns a Task. The callback is dispatched to and the returned Task is awaited by the RabbitMQ client. var factory = new Conne...
RabbitMQ
31,961,261
39
I've been trying to figure out which form of connection i should use when using pika, I've got two alternatives as far as I understand. Either the BlockingConnection or the SelectConnection, however I'm not really sure about the differences between these two (i.e. what is the BlockingConnection blocking? and more) Th...
The SelectConnection is useful if your application architecture can benefit from an asynchronous design, e.g. doing something else while the RabbitMQ IO completes (e.g. switch to some other IO etc) . This type of connection uses callbacks to indicate when functions return. For example you can declare callbacks for on_c...
RabbitMQ
11,987,838
39
Do you have any pointers how to determine when a subscription problem has occurred so I can reconnect? My service uses RabbitMQ.Client.MessagePatterns.Subscription for it's subscription. After some time, my client silently stops receiving messages. I suspect network issues as I our VPN connection is not the most reliab...
EDIT: Since I'm sill getting upvotes on this, I should point out that the .NET RabbitMQ client now has this functionality built in: https://www.rabbitmq.com/dotnet-api-guide.html#connection-recovery Ideally, you should be able to use this and avoid manually implementing reconnection logic. I recently had to implement ...
RabbitMQ
12,499,174
38
I'm ask/answering this question because it hung me up & it's likely someone else will have the same problem. Install of RabbitMQ x64 v2.8.6 on Windows Server 2008 x64. After Erlang install using default install location to C:\Program Files\erl5.9.2, I'm attempting to start the server via running the rabbitmq-service.b...
1- Set environment variable: Variable name : ERLANG_HOME Variable value: C:\Program Files (x86)\erl6.4 note: don't include bin on above step. 2- Add %ERLANG_HOME%\bin to the PATH environmental variable: Variable name : PATH Variable value: %ERLANG_HOME%\bin This works well.
RabbitMQ
12,323,621
38
There is a list of PHP clients on the RabbitMQ site. I'm asking this question in hopes that people who have used any of these can share their experiences here. E.g. Did you have any trouble installing? Is it stable? Were there any performance issues? How is the documentation / support? Even if you've just used one o...
For reference, PECL AMQP Extension and http://php.net/manual/fa/book.amqp.php are the same thing, one is the package, the other the documentation for the package. As a maintainer of the official PHP AMQP extension, I am a little biased. Many people use this extension in high volume low latency production environments s...
RabbitMQ
4,405,992
38
Web Dynos can handle HTTP Requests and while Web Dynos handles them Worker Dynos can handle jobs from it. But I don't know how to make Web Dynos and Worker Dynos to communicate each other. For example, I want to receive a HTTP request by Web Dynos , send it to Worker Dynos , process the job and send back result to Web ...
As the high-level article on background jobs and queuing suggests, your web dynos will need to communicate with your worker dynos via an intermediate mechanism (often a queue). To accomplish what it sounds like you're hoping to do follow this general approach: Web request is received by the web dyno Web dyno adds a jo...
RabbitMQ
11,429,774
37
I am using RabbitMQ with Grails, and a problem cropped up this morning. When I run rabbitmqctl status it tells me: C:\Users\BuildnTest2>rabbitmqctl status Status of node 'rabbit@BUILDNTEST2-PC' ... Error: unable to connect to node 'rabbit@BUILDNTEST2-PC': nodedown diagnostics: - nodes and their ports on BUILDNTEST2-PC...
For what it's worth, in 2018, the docs are WRONG. In windows 10, the default location of the cookie file appears to be: C:\Windows\System32\config\systemprofile and NOT C:\Windows as the docs say. The best thing to do is to look at the log file, which is typically located in your user %AppData%\Roaming\RabbitMQ\log...
RabbitMQ
9,673,172
37
I am trying to start RMQ inside docker container, with precreated queue qwer. Prior to this, I was using simple docker-compose.yml file: rabbit: image: rabbitmq:management-alpine environment: RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER: guest RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS: guest And it worked fine, except that it has no queues ...
You can predefine queues and exchanges without creating own rabbit-mq docker image. Your docker-compose should look like this: rabbit: container_name: rabbitmq-preload-conf image: rabbitmq:3-management volumes: - ./init/rabbitmq.conf:/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf:ro - ./init/definitions.json:/etc/rabbitmq/definitions...
RabbitMQ
58,266,688
36
In our project, we want to use the RabbitMQ in "Task Queues" pattern to pass data. On the producer side, we build a few TCP server(in node.js) to recv high concurrent data and send it to MQ without doing anything. On the consumer side, we use JAVA client to get the task data from MQ, handle it and then ack. So the ques...
For best performance in RabbitMQ, follow the advice of its creators. From the RabbitMQ blog: RabbitMQ's queues are fastest when they're empty. When a queue is empty, and it has consumers ready to receive messages, then as soon as a message is received by the queue, it goes straight out to the consumer. In the c...
RabbitMQ
10,030,227
36
I have an ASP.NET Core application where I would like to consume RabbitMQ messages. I have successfully set up the publishers and consumers in command line applications, but I'm not sure how to set it up properly in a web application. I was thinking of initializing it in Startup.cs, but of course it dies once startup i...
Use the Singleton pattern for a consumer/listener to preserve it while the application is running. Use the IApplicationLifetime interface to start/stop the consumer on the application start/stop. public class Startup { public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddSingleton<R...
RabbitMQ
43,609,345
35
I am at a loss here so I'm reaching out to the collective knowledge in hope of a miracle. I have installed RabbitMQ on a Linux box using the defaults. When I use this code (and the default RabbitMQ installation configuration) everything works nice. var connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory(); connectionFactory.Host...
It seems that I have found a solution to my own problem. The following code works: ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.UserName = "user"; factory.Password = "password"; factory.VirtualHost = "/"; factory.Protocol = Protocols.FromEnvironment(); factory.HostName = "192.168.0.12"; factory.Port = A...
RabbitMQ
4,987,438
34
I want to run RabbitMQ in one container, and a worker process in another. The worker process needs to access RabbitMQ. I'd like these to be managed through docker-compose. This is my docker-compose.yml file so far: version: "3" services: rabbitmq: image: rabbitmq command: rabbitmq-server expose: -...
Aha! I fixed it. @Ijaz was totally correct - the RabbitMQ service takes a while to start, and my worker tries to connect before it's running. I tried using a delay, but this failed when the RabbitMQ took longer than usual. This is also indicative of a larger architectural problem - what happens if the queuing service (...
RabbitMQ
53,031,439
33
Why do we need routing key to route messages from exchange to queue? Can't we simply use the queue name to route the message? Also, in case of publishing to multiple queues, we can use multiple queue names. Can anyone point out the scenario where we actually need routing key and queue name won't be suffice?
There are several types of exchanges. The fanout exchange ignores the routing key and sends messages to all queues. But pretty much all other exchange types use the routing key to determine which queue, if any, will receive a message. The tutorials on the RabbitMQ website describes several usecases where different exch...
RabbitMQ
36,302,341
33
So, this is what I've done: Installed Erlang on my Windows x64 bit machine Installed RabbitMQ Started RabbitMQ service At this step I have no errors. When, however, I try to enabe rabbitmq-management, I get some error messages in the console. The way I try to enable it is this one: C:\...\rabbitmq-server-3.5.6\sbin>r...
I faced the same problem and my investigations led me to https://stackoverflow.com/a/34538688 which helped me solve it. After following the steps in that answer, start the service and the problem should be solved. Basically, the problem is caused by the RabbitMQ installer not registering the service correctly.
RabbitMQ
33,951,516
33
I am using RabbitMQ successfully. However, I have a problem where if I get in the situation where there are lots of messages on the queue then the consumer (a Windows service) tries to get them all and then just holds on to them but never actions or acknowledges them. When the number of messages in the ready state is l...
A consumer, by default will read as many messages as the bandwidth can handle regardless of actual message processing time by the consumer. You need to set prefetch values by modifying the Quality of Service (QoS) of the channel to restrict how many messages it will try to pick up at one time. Check out basic.qos here...
RabbitMQ
19,163,021
33
I am trying to run the following command rabbitmq-plugins.bat enable rabbitmq_management and its giving me an error like this: 11:36:55.464 [error] Failed to create cookie file 'h:/.erlang.cookie': enoent I am using windows 7, Erlang Version R16B01 and RabbitMQ-Server version 3.1.5 I am using my work PC and our C...
Set the home drive to some dir in the dos shell before executing the cli. Create a startup file, e.g start-rabbit.bat, with contents below. set HOMEDRIVE=C:/conf/rabbitmq :: Or your favorite dir rabbitmq-plugins.bat enable rabbitmq_management Use a folder in C drive c:/conf/rabbitmq. The rabbitmq system will write t...
RabbitMQ
18,495,874
33
At the rabbitMQ web interface at the queue tab I see "Overview" panel where I found these: Queued messages : Ready Unacknowledged Total I guess what is the "Total" messages. But what is "Ready" and "Unacknowledged" ? "Ready" - messages that were delivered to the consumer? "Unacknowledged" - ? Message rates: Pub...
Ready Is the number of messages that are available to be delivered. Unacknowledged Is the number of messages for which the server is waiting for acknowledgement(If a client recieved the message but dont send a acknowledge yet). Total Is the sum of Ready and Unacknowledged messages. About your second question: Publish ...
RabbitMQ
18,110,077
33
We have a PHP app that forwards messages from RabbitMQ to connected devices down a WebSocket connection (PHP AMQP pecl extension v1.7.1 & RabbitMQ 3.6.6). Messages are consumed from an array of queues (1 per websocket connection), and are acknowledged by the consumer when we receive confirmation over the websocket that...
"PRECONDITION_FAILED - unknown delivery tag" usually happens because of double ack-ing, ack-ing on wrong channels or ack-ing messages that should not be ack-ed. So in same case you are tying to execute basic.ack two times or basic.ack using another channel
RabbitMQ
42,567,689
32
How to acknowledge the messages manually without using auto acknowledgement. Is there a way to use this along with the @RabbitListener and @EnableRabbit style of configuration. Most of the documentation tells us to use SimpleMessageListenerContainer along with ChannelAwareMessageListener. However using that we lose ...
Add the Channel to the @RabbitListener method... @RabbitListener(queues = "${eventqueue}") public void receiveMessage(Order order, Channel channel, @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long tag) throws Exception { ... } and use the tag in the basicAck, basicReject. EDIT @SpringBootApplication @EnableRabbit public...
RabbitMQ
38,728,668
32
I would like to set a timeout after which a dequeued message is automatically NACKed. When I dequeue a message I wait until it is transfered over a socket and the other party confirms its reception. Do I need to keep a list of Timers or can RMQ handle this automatically? private void Run() { _rmqConnection = _queue...
Yes. This is discussed in the official Python tutorial: A timeout (30 minutes by default) is enforced on consumer delivery acknowledgement. This helps detect buggy (stuck) consumers that never acknowledge deliveries. You can find more information available on the RabbitMQ documentation for Delivery Acknowledgement Ti...
RabbitMQ
30,546,977
32
I couldn't find in RabbitMQ documentation the default x-message-ttl value comes with the installation. I know how to set it to a desired value but I am curious to know the default value.
There is no x-message-ttl argument set by default from the broker side, so basically you can interpret default value as infinity. If you publish message without ttl to queue without ttl set (yupp, there are per-message and per-queue ttl arguments, see note below): if message published as persistent and queue declared ...
RabbitMQ
24,946,181
32
I'm new to RabbitMQ and was wondering of a good approach to this problem I'm mulling over. I want to create a service that subscribes to a queue and only pulls messages that meet a specific criteria; for instance, if a specific subject header is in the message. I'm still learning about RabbitMQ, and was looking for ti...
RabbitMQ is perfect for this situation. You have a number of options to do what you want. I suggest reading the documentation to get a better understanding. I would suggest that you use a topic or direct exchange. Topic is more flexible. It goes like this. Producer code connects to the RabbitMQ Broker and creates a...
RabbitMQ
11,142,071
32
I installed rabbitmq service on the server and on my system. I want to use RPC pattern: var factory = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "158.2.14.42", Port = Protocols.DefaultProtocol.DefaultPort, UserName = "Administrator", Password = "@server@", VirtualHost = "/" ContinuationTimeout = new TimeSpa...
As this question mentioned. After I installed RabbitMQ, I enabled management tools on the server and on my local computer with this: rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management Then I restarted RabbitMQ service from services.msc I could see the Rabbitmq management at http://localhost:15672 I logged in to rabbit manage...
RabbitMQ
47,869,390
31
If the column in Postgres' table has the name year, how should look INSERT query to set the value for that column? E.g.: INSERT INTO table (id, name, year) VALUES ( ... ); gives an error near the year word.
Simply enclose year in double quotes to stop it being interpreted as a keyword: INSERT INTO table (id, name, "year") VALUES ( ... ); From the documentation: There is a second kind of identifier: the delimited identifier or quoted identifier. It is formed by enclosing an arbitrary sequence of characters in double-...
PostgreSQL
7,651,417
215
I'm trying to run psql on my Vagrant machine, but I get this error: psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"? Note: Vagrant 1.9.2 Box: ubuntu/trusty64, https://atlas.hashicorp.com/ubu...
I've had this same issue, related to the configuration of my pg_hba.conf file (located in /etc/postgresql/9.6/main). Please note that 9.6 is the postgresql version I am using. The error itself is related to a misconfiguration of postgresql, which causes the server to crash before it starts. I would suggest following th...
PostgreSQL
42,653,690
215
I came across this post (What is the difference between tinyint, smallint, mediumint, bigint and int in MySQL?) and realized that PostgreSQL does not support unsigned integer. Can anyone help to explain why is it so? Most of the time, I use unsigned integer as auto incremented primary key in MySQL. In such design, how ...
It's not in the SQL standard, so the general urge to implement it is lower. Having too many different integer types makes the type resolution system more fragile, so there is some resistance to adding more types into the mix. That said, there is no reason why it couldn't be done. It's just a lot of work.
PostgreSQL
20,810,134
215
I'm converting a db from postgres to mysql. Since i cannot find a tool that does the trick itself, i'm going to convert all postgres sequences to autoincrement ids in mysql with autoincrement value. So, how can i list all sequences in a Postgres DB (8.1 version) with information about the table in which it's used, the...
The following query gives names of all sequences. SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c WHERE c.relkind = 'S' order BY c.relname; Typically a sequence is named as ${table}_id_seq. Simple regex pattern matching will give you the table name. To get last value of a sequence use the following query: SELECT last_value FROM test...
PostgreSQL
1,493,262
214
How can I get a list of column names and datatypes of a table in PostgreSQL using a query?
SELECT column_name, data_type FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'table_name'; with the above query you can retrieve columns and its datatype.
PostgreSQL
20,194,806
211
I've tried the following, but I was unsuccessful: ALTER TABLE person ALTER COLUMN dob POSITION 37;
"Alter column position" in the PostgreSQL Wiki says: PostgreSQL currently defines column order based on the attnum column of the pg_attribute table. The only way to change column order is either by recreating the table, or by adding columns and rotating data until you reach the desired layout. That's pret...
PostgreSQL
285,733
211
I have a table on pgsql with names (having more than 1 mio. rows), but I have also many duplicates. I select 3 fields: id, name, metadata. I want to select them randomly with ORDER BY RANDOM() and LIMIT 1000, so I do this is many steps to save some memory in my PHP script. But how can I do that so it only gives me a li...
To do a distinct on only one (or n) column(s): select distinct on (name) name, col1, col2 from names This will return any of the rows containing the name. If you want to control which of the rows will be returned you need to order: select distinct on (name) name, col1, col2 from names order by name, col1 Will...
PostgreSQL
16,913,969
209
Does anyone know if it's even possible (and how, if yes) to query a database server setting in PostgreSQL (9.1)? I need to check the max_connections (maximum number of open db connections) setting.
You can use SHOW: SHOW max_connections; This returns the currently effective setting. Be aware that it can differ from the setting in postgresql.conf as there are a multiple ways to set run-time parameters in PostgreSQL. To reset the "original" setting from postgresql.conf in your current session: RESET max_connection...
PostgreSQL
8,288,823
209
I am looking at some PostgreSQL table creation and I stumbled upon this: CREATE TABLE ( ... ) WITH ( OIDS = FALSE ); I read the documentation provided by postgres and I know the concept of object identifier from OOP but still I do not grasp, why such identifier would be useful in a database? to make queries shorter...
OIDs basically give you a built-in id for every row, contained in a system column (as opposed to a user-space column). That's handy for tables where you don't have a primary key, have duplicate rows, etc. For example, if you have a table with two identical rows, and you want to delete the oldest of the two, you could...
PostgreSQL
5,625,585
209
I want to be able to connect to a PostgreSQL database and find all of the functions for a particular schema. My thought was that I could make some query to pg_catalog or information_schema and get a list of all functions, but I can't figure out where the names and parameters are stored. I'm looking for a query that wil...
\df <schema>.* in psql gives the necessary information. To see the query that's used internally connect to a database with psql and supply an extra "-E" (or "--echo-hidden") option and then execute the above command.
PostgreSQL
1,347,282
209
I want to select sql: SELECT "year-month" from table group by "year-month" AND order by date, where year-month - format for date "1978-01","1923-12". select to_char of couse work, but not "right" order: to_char(timestamp_column, 'YYYY-MM')
to_char(timestamp, 'YYYY-MM') You say that the order is not "right", but I cannot see why it is wrong (at least until year 10000 comes around).
PostgreSQL
4,531,577
208
I would like to "declare" what are effectively multiple TEMP tables using the WITH statement. The query I am trying to execute is along the lines of: WITH table_1 AS ( SELECT GENERATE_SERIES('2012-06-29', '2012-07-03', '1 day'::INTERVAL) AS date ) WITH table_2 AS ( SELECT GENERATE_SERIES('2012-06-30', '2012-07-13', '...
Per the other comments the second Common Table Expression [CTE] is preceded by a comma not a WITH statement so WITH cte1 AS (SELECT...) , cte2 AS (SELECT...) SELECT * FROM cte1 c1 INNER JOIN cte2 c2 ON ........ In terms of your actual query this syntax should work in PostgreSql, Oracle, and sql-server, wel...
PostgreSQL
38,136,854
207
I am attempting to create a DB for my app and one thing I'd like to find the best way of doing is creating a one-to-many relationship between my Users and Items tables. I know I can make a third table, ReviewedItems, and have the columns be a User id and an Item id, but I'd like to know if it's possible to make a colum...
It may soon be possible to do this: https://commitfest.postgresql.org/17/1252/ - Mark Rofail has been doing some excellent work on this patch! The patch will (once complete) allow CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 float8 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIG...
PostgreSQL
41,054,507
206
I'm writing a shell script (will become a cronjob) that will: 1: dump my production database 2: import the dump into my development database Between step 1 and 2, I need to clear the development database (drop all tables?). How is this best accomplished from a shell script? So far, it looks like this: #!/bin/bash time=...
I'd just drop the database and then re-create it. On a UNIX or Linux system, that should do it: $ dropdb development_db_name $ createdb development_db_name That's how I do it, actually.
PostgreSQL
2,056,876
206
I recently installed Postgresql 11, during the installation, there's no step to put password and username for Postgres. Now in pgAdmin 4, I wanted to connect the database to server and it's asking me to input password, and I haven't put any in the first place. Any one knows what's going on?
The default authentication mode for PostgreSQL is set to ident. You can access your pgpass.conf via pgAdmin -> Files -> open pgpass.conf That will give you the path of pgpass.conf at the bottom of the window (official documentation). After knowing the location, you can open this file and edit it to your liking. If tha...
PostgreSQL
55,038,942
205
The suggested query to list ENUM types is great. But, it merely lists of the schema and the typname. How do I list out the actual ENUM values? For example, in the linked answer above, I would want the following result schema type values ------------- -------- ------- communication channels 'text_messa...
select n.nspname as enum_schema, t.typname as enum_name, e.enumlabel as enum_value from pg_type t join pg_enum e on t.oid = e.enumtypid join pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.typnamespace;
PostgreSQL
9,540,681
205
It seems many others have had problems installing the pg gem. None of the solutions posed for others have worked for me. I have tried to install the pg gem and postgres.app. The pg gem won't install. The first error I get is: An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.0), and Bundler cannot continue. Make sure that g...
Same error for me and I didn't experience it until I downloaded OS X 10.9 (Mavericks). Sigh, another OS upgrade headache. Here's how I fixed it (with homebrew): Install another build of Xcode Tools (typing brew update in the terminal will prompt you to update the Xcode build tools) brew update brew install postgresql ...
PostgreSQL
19,262,312
202
I use DBeaver v 5.2.5 on Windows and use it to connect to PostgreSQL databases. To create a connection, I must specify the database and I have no mean to see other databases on the same server. A colleague using DBeaver 5.3 on Mac has an option to see all databases, not just the default one. Is there an equivalent setu...
On the connection, right-click -> Edit connection -> Connection settings -> on the tabbed panel, select PostgreSQL, check the box Show all databases. UPDATE 19.02.2024 Checkbox is moved to Main Tab. So flow is: On the connection, right-click -> Edit connection -> Connection settings -> check the box Show all databases....
PostgreSQL
54,235,029
201
Here is an extract of my table: gid | datepose | pvc ---------+----------------+------------ 1 | 1961 | 01 2 | 1949 | 3 | 1990 | 02 1 | 1981 | 1 | | 03 1 | | I want to fill the PVC column using...
This kind of code perhaps should work for You SELECT *, CASE WHEN (pvc IS NULL OR pvc = '') AND (datepose < 1980) THEN '01' WHEN (pvc IS NULL OR pvc = '') AND (datepose >= 1980) THEN '02' WHEN (pvc IS NULL OR pvc = '') AND (datepose IS NULL OR datepose = 0) THEN '03' ELSE '00' END AS modifiedpvc FROM my_tabl...
PostgreSQL
27,800,119
201
This question may look like a duplicate of: How to uninstall postgresql on my Mac (running Snow Leopard) however, there are two major differences. I'm running Lion and I'm trying to uninstall PostgreSQL 9.0.4. I've looked at the last question and the link that it referenced, but I did not find a file called "uninstall-...
The following is the un-installation for PostgreSQL 9.1 installed using the EnterpriseDB installer. You most probably have to replace folder /9.1/ with your version number. If /Library/Postgresql/ doesn't exist then you probably installed PostgreSQL with a different method like homebrew or Postgres.app. To remove the E...
PostgreSQL
8,037,729
201
I'm not sure if its standard SQL: INSERT INTO tblA (SELECT id, time FROM tblB WHERE time > 1000) What I'm looking for is: what if tblA and tblB are in different DB Servers. Does PostgreSql gives any utility or has any functionality that will help to use INSERT query with PGresult struct I mean SELECT ...
As Henrik wrote you can use dblink to connect remote database and fetch result. For example: psql dbtest CREATE TABLE tblB (id serial, time integer); INSERT INTO tblB (time) VALUES (5000), (2000); psql postgres CREATE TABLE tblA (id serial, time integer); INSERT INTO tblA SELECT id, time FROM dblink('dbname=...
PostgreSQL
6,083,132
201
In MS SQL Server, I create my scripts to use customizable variables: DECLARE @somevariable int SELECT @somevariable = -1 INSERT INTO foo VALUES ( @somevariable ) I'll then change the value of @somevariable at runtime, depending on the value that I want in the particular situation. Since it's at the top of the scrip...
Postgres variables are created through the \set command, for example ... \set myvariable value ... and can then be substituted, for example, as ... SELECT * FROM :myvariable.table1; ... or ... SELECT * FROM table1 WHERE :myvariable IS NULL; edit: As of psql 9.1, variables can be expanded in quotes as in: \set myvar...
PostgreSQL
36,959
199
I have a table: CREATE TABLE tblproducts ( productid integer, product character varying(20) ) With the rows: INSERT INTO tblproducts(productid, product) VALUES (1, 'CANDID POWDER 50 GM'); INSERT INTO tblproducts(productid, product) VALUES (2, 'SINAREST P SYP 100 ML'); INSERT INTO tblproducts(productid, product) VALUES...
With postgres 9.0+ you can write: select string_agg(product,' | ' order by product) from "tblproducts" Details here.
PostgreSQL
24,906,826
198
I'd like to add a constraint which enforces uniqueness on a column only in a portion of a table. ALTER TABLE stop ADD CONSTRAINT myc UNIQUE (col_a) WHERE (col_b is null); The WHERE part above is wishful thinking. Any way of doing this? Or should I go back to the relational drawing board?
PostgreSQL doesn't define a partial (i.e. conditional) UNIQUE constraint - however, you can create a partial unique index. PostgreSQL uses unique indexes to implement unique constraints, so the effect is the same, with an important caveat: you can't perform upserts (ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE) against a unique index like yo...
PostgreSQL
16,236,365
198
I want to remove null=True from a TextField: - footer=models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) + footer=models.TextField(blank=True, default='') I created a schema migration: manage.py schemamigration fooapp --auto Since some footer columns contain NULL I get this error if I run the migration: django.db.utils.I...
Another reason for this maybe because you try to set a column to NOT NULL when it actually already has NULL values.
PostgreSQL
12,838,111
197
I typed psql and I get this: psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"? I used sudo netstat -nlp | grep 5432 to see the status but nothing showed. And I searched online, somebody...
The error states that the psql utility can't find the socket to connect to your database server. Either you don't have the database service running in the background, or the socket is located elsewhere, or perhaps the pg_hba.conf needs to be fixed. Step 1: Verify that the database is running The command may vary depend...
PostgreSQL
31,645,550
195
I recently upgraded to OSX 10.7, at which point my rails installation completely borked when trying to connect to the psql server. When I do it from the command line using psql -U postgres it works totally fine, but when I try to run the rails server or console with the same username and password, I get this error ...
It's a PATH issue. Mac OSX Lion includes Postgresql in the system now. If you do a which psql you'll likely see usr/bin/psql instead of usr/local/bin/psql which is HomeBrew's correct one. If you run brew doctor you should get a message stating that you need to add usr/local/bin to the head of your PATH env variable. Ed...
PostgreSQL
6,770,649
195
I am working on a Ruby on Rails application and installed PostgreSQL using postgresql-9.1.2-1-osx.dmg. I installed the pg gem. Then when I executed rake db:create, I got the following error: dlopen(/Users/sathishvc/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-head@knome-vivacious/gems/pg-0.12.2/lib/pg_ext.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /usr...
If you have upgraded PostgreSQL with Homebrew (brew update && brew upgrade), macOS (e.g., from v10.15 (Catalina) to v11 (Big Sur)) Then simply uninstall the pg gem: gem uninstall pg bundle install And the path will be corrected for you. There isn't any need to uninstall the whole PostgreSQL cluster.
PostgreSQL
9,023,482
194
I have two tables with binding primary keys in the database and I want to find a disjoint set between them. For example, Table1 ID Name 1 John 2 Peter 3 Mary Table2 ID Address 1 address2 2 address2 So how do I create a SQL query so I can fetch the row with ID from table1 that is not in tab...
Try this SELECT ID, Name FROM Table1 WHERE ID NOT IN (SELECT ID FROM Table2)
PostgreSQL
12,048,633
193
I have a postgresql function CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fixMissingFiles() RETURNS VOID AS $$ DECLARE deletedContactId integer; BEGIN SELECT INTO deletedContactId contact_id FROM myContacts WHERE id=206351; -- print the value of deletedContactId variable to the console END; $$ LANGU...
You can raise a notice in Postgres as follows: RAISE NOTICE 'Value: %', deletedContactId; Read here for more details.
PostgreSQL
23,465,429
191
I've been looking for a solution for this and could not find a working solution. I've installed postgres using brew (brew install postgres) in my MacBook and I am currently running it using brew services (brew services list displays postgres as a running service). However, when I try to run psql I get following error...
I had the same error and I fixed it by removing the process pid file: rm -f /usr/local/var/postgres/postmaster.pid or for a specific version: rm -f /usr/local/var/postgresql@16/postmaster.pid [Updated Answer For Arm-based Chips (Apple M1)] When you use brew to install postgresql on Apple M1 computers, the postmaster.p...
PostgreSQL
39,710,384
189
shopkeeper table has following fields: id (bigint),amount (numeric(19,2)),createddate (timestamp) Let's say, I have the above table. I want to get the records for yesterday and generate a report by having the amount printed to cents. One way of doing is to perform calculations in my java application and execute a sim...
It depends on a lot of factors - but most crucially: complexity of calculations (prefer doing complex crunching on an app-server, since that scales out; rather than a db server, which scales up) volume of data (if you need to access/aggregate a lot of data, doing it at the db server will save bandwidth, and disk io if...
PostgreSQL
7,510,092
189
I'm looking for a way to get all rows as INSERT statements from one specific table within a database using pg_dump in PostgreSQL. E.g., I have table A and all rows in table A I need as INSERT statements, it should also dump those statements to a file. Is this possible?
if version < 8.4.0 pg_dump -D -t <table> <database> Add -a before the -t if you only want the INSERTs, without the CREATE TABLE etc to set up the table in the first place. version >= 8.4.0 pg_dump --column-inserts --data-only --table=<table> <database>
PostgreSQL
2,857,989
189
I am trying to connect to a Postgresql database, I am getting the following Error: Error:org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: FATAL: sorry, too many clients already What does the error mean and how do I fix it? My server.properties file is following: serverPortData=9042 serverPortCommand=9078 trackConnectionURL=jdbc:po...
An explanation of the following error: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: FATAL: sorry, too many clients already. Summary: Your code opened up more than the allowed limit of connections to the postgresql database. It ran something like this: Connection conn = myconn.Open(); inside a loop, and forgot to run conn.close...
PostgreSQL
2,757,549
188
John uses CHARACTER VARYING in the places where I use VARCHAR. I am a beginner, while he is an expert. This suggests me that there is something which I do not know. What is the difference between CHARACTER VARYING and VARCHAR in PostgreSQL?
VARCHAR is an alias for CHARACTER VARYING, so no difference, see documentation :) The notations varchar(n) and char(n) are aliases for character varying(n) and character(n), respectively. character without length specifier is equivalent to character(1). If character varying is used without length specifier, the type a...
PostgreSQL
1,199,468
188
I'm creating a lot of migrations that have foreign keys in PostgreSQL 9.4. This is creating a headache because the tables must all be in the exact order expected by the foreign keys when they are migrated. It gets even stickier if I have to run migrations from other packages that my new migrations depend on for a forei...
For migration, it is easier to disable all triggers with: SET session_replication_role = 'replica'; And after migration reenable all with SET session_replication_role = 'origin';
PostgreSQL
38,112,379
187
SELECT Table.date FROM Table WHERE date > current_date - 10; Does this work on PostgreSQL?
Yes this does work in PostgreSQL (assuming the column "date" is of datatype date) Why don't you just try it? The standard ANSI SQL format would be: SELECT Table.date FROM Table WHERE date > current_date - interval '10' day; I prefer that format as it makes things easier to read (but it is the same as current_date -...
PostgreSQL
5,465,484
187
I need to set schema path in Postgres so that I don't every time specify schema dot table e.g. schema2.table. Set schema path: SET SCHEMA PATH a,b,c only seems to work for one query session on mac, after I close query window the path variable sets itself back to default. How can I make it permanent?
(And if you have no admin access to the server) ALTER ROLE <your_login_role> SET search_path TO a,b,c; Two important things to know about: When a schema name is not simple, it needs to be wrapped in double quotes. The order in which you set default schemas a, b, c matters, as it is also the order in which the schemas...
PostgreSQL
2,875,610
187
There is DataFrame.to_sql method, but it works only for mysql, sqlite and oracle databases. I cant pass to this method postgres connection or sqlalchemy engine.
Starting from pandas 0.14 (released end of May 2014), postgresql is supported. The sql module now uses sqlalchemy to support different database flavors. You can pass a sqlalchemy engine for a postgresql database (see docs). E.g.: from sqlalchemy import create_engine engine = create_engine('postgresql://username:passwor...
PostgreSQL
23,103,962
186
I want to know the principle of "Bitmap heap scan", I know this often happens when I execute a query with OR in the condition. Who can explain the principle behind a "Bitmap heap scan"?
The best explanation comes from Tom Lane, which is the algorithm's author unless I'm mistaking. See also the wikipedia article. In short, it's a bit like a seq scan. The difference is that, rather than visiting every disk page, a bitmap index scan ANDs and ORs applicable indexes together, and only visits the disk pages...
PostgreSQL
6,592,626
186
I have a table in PostgreSQL 8.3 with 2 timestamp columns. I would like to get the difference between these timestamps in seconds. Could you please help me how to get this done? TableA ( timestamp_A timestamp, timestamp_B timestamp ) I need to get something like (timestamo_B - timestamp_A) in seconds (not just the...
Try:  SELECT EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM (timestamp_B - timestamp_A)) FROM TableA Details here: EXTRACT.
PostgreSQL
14,020,919
185
I installed PostgreSQL via the graphical install on http://www.postgresql.org/download/macosx/ I see it in my applications and also have the psql terminal in my applications. I need psql to work in the regular terminal for another bash script I'm running for an app. For some reason, when I run psql in the Mac terminal...
You have got the PATH slightly wrong. You need the PATH to "the containing directory", not the actual executable itself. Your PATH should be set like this: export PATH=/Library/PostgreSQL/9.5/bin:$PATH without the extra sql part in it. Also, you must remove the spaces around the equals sign.
PostgreSQL
36,155,219
184
I have a table in a PostgreSQL 8.3.8 database, which has no keys/constraints on it, and has multiple rows with exactly the same values. I would like to remove all duplicates and keep only 1 copy of each row. There is one column in particular (named "key") which may be used to identify duplicates, i.e. there should only...
A faster solution is to: find the first occurence of the duplicate, then remove all rows that are not the first duplicate occurence. This looks like the following: DELETE FROM dups a USING ( SELECT MIN(ctid) as ctid, key FROM dups GROUP BY key HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 ) b WHERE a.key = b.key AND a.ctid <> b....
PostgreSQL
6,583,916
184
I have a database, and I need to know the default encoding for the database. I want to get it from the command line.
From the command line: psql my_database -c 'SHOW SERVER_ENCODING' From within psql, an SQL IDE or an API: SHOW SERVER_ENCODING;
PostgreSQL
6,454,146
184
I'm trying to make restricted DB users for the app I'm working on, and I want to drop the Postgres database user I'm using for experimenting. Is there any way to drop the user without having to revoke all his rights manually first, or revoke all the grants a user has?
How about DROP USER <username> This is actually an alias for DROP ROLE. You have to explicity drop any privileges associated with that user, also to move its ownership to other roles (or drop the object). This is best achieved by REASSIGN OWNED BY <olduser> TO <newuser> and DROP OWNED BY <olduser> The latter will re...
PostgreSQL
3,023,583
184
I have installed postgresql on OSX. When I run psql, I get $ psql psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5433"? However, from /etc/services postgresql 5432/udp # PostgreSQL Database postgr...
/etc/services is only advisory, it's a listing of well-known ports. It doesn't mean that anything is actually running on that port or that the named service will run on that port. In PostgreSQL's case it's typical to use port 5432 if it is available. If it isn't, most installers will choose the next free port, usually ...
PostgreSQL
15,100,368
183
If I use array_agg to collect names, I get my names separated by commas, but in case there is a null value, that null is also taken as a name in the aggregate. For example : SELECT g.id, array_agg(CASE WHEN g.canonical = 'Y' THEN g.users ELSE NULL END) canonical_users, array_agg(CASE WHEN g.canonical = 'N...
With postgresql-9.3 one can do this; SELECT g.id, array_remove(array_agg(CASE WHEN g.canonical = 'Y' THEN g.users ELSE NULL END), NULL) canonical_users, array_remove(array_agg(CASE WHEN g.canonical = 'N' THEN g.users ELSE NULL END), NULL) non_canonical_users FROM groups g GROUP BY g.id; Update: with postgresql-...
PostgreSQL
13,122,912
183