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limb muscle dysfunction has important clinical and prognostic consequences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) .
in fact , reduced mass and weakness of the quadriceps have been associated with reduced survival in this disease.13 muscle strength is the most commonly assessed skeletal muscle function in cop... | backgroundthe purpose of this study was to determine and compare the test - retest reliability of quadriceps isokinetic endurance testing at two knee angular velocities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd).methodsafter one familiarization session , 14 patients with moderate to severe copd ( m... | Introduction
Materials and methods
Subject characteristics
Study design
Physical activity
Anthropometric data and body composition
Pulmonary function testing
Assessment of quadriceps isokinetic endurance
Effort perception
Statistical analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusion | limb muscle dysfunction has important clinical and prognostic consequences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) . muscle endurance is defined as the ability to maintain a given task over a certain period of time , and it is determined by muscle fiber oxidative capacity , and the oxygen supply.4 in copd , m... | [
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1... | in fact , reduced mass and weakness of the quadriceps have been associated with reduced survival in this disease.13 muscle strength is the most commonly assessed skeletal muscle function in copd . muscle endurance is defined as the ability to maintain a given task over a certain period of time , and it is determined by... |
f is the
most clinically relevant positron emitting
radioisotope because of its favorable
nuclear decay properties ( 0.635 mev , 97% abundance ,
half - life 109.8 min ) .
f - labeled peptides have been more
widely used for diagnostic imaging in cancer and other diseases due
to their nonimmunogenic behavior... | n-(2-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1h - pyrrol-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoronicotinamide ( [ 18f]fnem ) ,
a novel prosthetic agent that is thiol - specific , was synthesized using
a one - pot two - step strategy : ( 1 ) 18f incorporation by a
nucleophilic displacement of trimethylammonium substrate under mild
conditions ; ( 2... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions | f is the
most clinically relevant positron emitting
radioisotope because of its favorable
nuclear decay properties ( 0.635 mev , 97% abundance ,
half - life 109.8 min ) . the
ability to easily modify peptides to reduce the number of reactive
sites to one
furthermore , labeling
with [ f]sfb often requires... | [
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0... | f - labeled peptides have been more
widely used for diagnostic imaging in cancer and other diseases due
to their nonimmunogenic behavior , intrinsic pharmacokinetic properties ,
high affinity , and readily available solid - phase chemistry to allow
tuning of these properties . one consideration for the developm... |
i was very honored to deliver the edwin bierman award lecture at the 74th scientific sessions of the american diabetes association in san francisco in 2014 .
bierman was one of the outstanding scientists and mentors at the university of washington , who greatly contributed not only to the fields of diabetes , obesity ,... | the risk of cardiovascular events in humans increases in the presence of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus , in large part due to exacerbated atherosclerosis .
genetically engineered mouse models have begun to elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for diabetes - exacerbated atherosclerosis .
res... | Introduction
Diabetes Promotes Formation of Early Lesions of Atherosclerosis and Progression to Advanced Lesions and Hinders Regression of Atherosclerosis by Stimulating Myeloid Cell Recruitment Into the Artery Wall
Diabetes Is Associated With Increased Myeloid Cell Activation
Interplay Between Glucose and Lipids in Di... | bierman was one of the outstanding scientists and mentors at the university of washington , who greatly contributed not only to the fields of diabetes , obesity , dyslipidemia , and atherosclerosis but also to the exceptional scientific environment at the university and beyond . research in my laboratory has been devot... | [
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0... | bierman was one of the outstanding scientists and mentors at the university of washington , who greatly contributed not only to the fields of diabetes , obesity , dyslipidemia , and atherosclerosis but also to the exceptional scientific environment at the university and beyond . by taking advantage of new genetically e... |
. however , numerous studies reported complications during parenteral nutrition , like parenteral nutrition associated liver disease or detrimental effects of parenteral lipids on survival and inflammatory response during sepsis [ 4 , 5 ] .
this may also be due to lipid - induced decrease of neutrophil function and c... | although fish oil - based and olive oil - based lipid emulsions have been shown to exert anti - inflammatory functions , the immunomodulating properties of lipids are still controversial .
therefore , we investigated the anti - inflammatory effect of three different parenterally administered lipid emulsions in vivo ... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusion | however , numerous studies reported complications during parenteral nutrition , like parenteral nutrition associated liver disease or detrimental effects of parenteral lipids on survival and inflammatory response during sepsis [ 4 , 5 ] . this may also be due to lipid - induced decrease of neutrophil function and cyt... | [
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0... | however , numerous studies reported complications during parenteral nutrition , like parenteral nutrition associated liver disease or detrimental effects of parenteral lipids on survival and inflammatory response during sepsis [ 4 , 5 ] . this may also be due to lipid - induced decrease of neutrophil function and cyt... |
at low levels of central hypovolemia elicited by mild lbnp in humans , msna increases in the absence of alterations in heart rate ( hr ) or blood pressure ( sundlof and wallin , 1978a ; victor and leimbach , 1987 ) .
this initial increase in msna occurs in a similar fashion whether measured from the radial nerve in the... | hemorrhage remains a major cause of mortality following traumatic injury in both military and civilian settings .
lower body negative pressure ( lbnp ) has been used as an experimental model to study the compensatory phase of hemorrhage in conscious humans , as it elicits central hypovolemia like that induced by hem... | MSNA during the Compensatory Phase of Central Hypovolemia
MSNA at Hemodynamic Decompensation
Non-Invasive Surrogate for MSNA for Assessing the Severity of Hemorrhage?
Conclusion
Disclaimer
Conflict of Interest Statement | at low levels of central hypovolemia elicited by mild lbnp in humans , msna increases in the absence of alterations in heart rate ( hr ) or blood pressure ( sundlof and wallin , 1978a ; victor and leimbach , 1987 ) . this initial increase in msna occurs in a similar fashion whether measured from the radial nerve in the... | [
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0... | at low levels of central hypovolemia elicited by mild lbnp in humans , msna increases in the absence of alterations in heart rate ( hr ) or blood pressure ( sundlof and wallin , 1978a ; victor and leimbach , 1987 ) . this initial increase in msna occurs in a similar fashion whether measured from the radial nerve in the... |
it has been shown that reactive oxygen species ( ros ) are involved in the development of lifestyle - related diseases such as atherosclerosis , myocardial infarction , cerebrovascular disease , diabetes mellitus , cancer , and even osteoporosis .
however , the involvement of oxidative stress in various diseases has be... | the involvement of reactive oxygen species in various diseases has been demonstrated almost in vitro or in animal studies and clinical studies supporting the involvement of reactive oxygen species are very few .
bilirubin has been recognized as an important antioxidant and also shown to have an inhibitory effect on ... | Introduction
Gilbert Syndrome and Prevalence of Diabetic Vascular Complications
Serum Bilirubin Level and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged and Elderly Japanese Men and Women
Bilirubin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and glycated hemoglobin
Bilirubin and prevalent diabetes mellitus
Hyperbilirubinemi... | it has been shown that reactive oxygen species ( ros ) are involved in the development of lifestyle - related diseases such as atherosclerosis , myocardial infarction , cerebrovascular disease , diabetes mellitus , cancer , and even osteoporosis . however , the involvement of oxidative stress in various diseases has be... | [
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0... | it has been shown that reactive oxygen species ( ros ) are involved in the development of lifestyle - related diseases such as atherosclerosis , myocardial infarction , cerebrovascular disease , diabetes mellitus , cancer , and even osteoporosis . however , the involvement of oxidative stress in various diseases has be... |
the biological function of these hormones was initially attributed mostly to their extranuclear activities presently referred to as nongenomic ; however , the exact mechanisms of such actions were then not known .
subsequently , the majority of efforts were directed towards the clarification of the transcription - modi... | small - molecule hormones play crucial roles in the development and in the maintenance of an adult mammalian organism . on the molecular level
, they regulate a plethora of biological pathways .
part of their actions depends on their transcription - regulating properties , exerted by highly specific nuclear recept... | 1. Introduction
2. The Genomic Mechanism of Action of Small-Molecule Hormones
3. The Nongenomic Mechanisms of Action of Small-Molecule Hormones
4. Human Pathologies Associated with Receptor Abnormalities
5. Conclusion | the biological function of these hormones was initially attributed mostly to their extranuclear activities presently referred to as nongenomic ; however , the exact mechanisms of such actions were then not known . subsequently , the majority of efforts were directed towards the clarification of the transcription - modi... | [
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1... | subsequently , the majority of efforts were directed towards the clarification of the transcription - modifying function of these hormones bound to their nuclear receptors that are hormone - regulated transcription factors . in this comprehensive paper we present basic information regarding the genomic and nongenomic m... |
obesity , a level of body fatness associated with risk of developing chronic diseases , such as diabetes , dyslipidemias , and arterial hypertension , has become a serious health concern around the world . over the last 30 years
, the rate of children suffering from obesity has increased significantly . in the united s... | the purpose of the research was to explore the associations between the characteristics of schools ' vicinity and the risk of sugar sweetened beverage ( ssb ) consumption in elementary students .
findings exposed an important variation in student 's ssb consumption between schools .
schools with a lower socioecono... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion | obesity , a level of body fatness associated with risk of developing chronic diseases , such as diabetes , dyslipidemias , and arterial hypertension , has become a serious health concern around the world . in the united states ,
12.4% of preschoolers were estimated to be obese , and this prevalence increased to 20.8% b... | [
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0... | obesity , a level of body fatness associated with risk of developing chronic diseases , such as diabetes , dyslipidemias , and arterial hypertension , has become a serious health concern around the world . over the last 30 years
, the rate of children suffering from obesity has increased significantly . in the united s... |
unless
specified , all the reactions were done
in oven - dried or flame - dried glassware in an atmosphere of dry argon
gas using standard schlenk techniques .
the anhydrous solvents were
purchased from acros and aldrich chemical companies and used in the
reactions without further purification . all workup an... | important requirements for exogenous
dyes or contrast agents in
magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) include an effective concentration
of paramagnetic or superparamagnetic ions at the target to be imaged .
we report the concise synthesis and characterization of several new
enantiopure bifunctional derivativ... | Experimental Section
Results
Discussion
Conclusions | the stains used to visualize the thin - layer chromatography
( tlc ) plates ( aluminum backed 200 m silica ) were hanessian s
stain [ ceso4 ( 5 g ) and ( nh4)mo7o24.4h2o ( 25 g ) dissolved in water ( 450 ml ) and concentrated
sulfuric acid ( 50 ml ) ] , and potassium permanganate stain [ kmno4 ( 1.5 g ) and k2co3... | [
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( tlc ) plates ( aluminum backed 200 m silica ) were hanessian s
stain [ ceso4 ( 5 g ) and ( nh4)mo7o24.4h2o ( 25 g ) dissolved in water ( 450 ml ) and concentrated
sulfuric acid ( 50 ml ) ] , and potassium permanganate stain [ kmno4 ( 1.5 g ) and k2co3... |
metabolomics , an emerging technology , investigates the complex cellular and physiological processes through metabolic intermediates , and thus offer a broad assessment of human biochemical activities through detection and quantification of low - weight molecules .
we can see the importance of the metabolomics appro... | backgroundwe performed non - targeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry coupled technique to explore the biological mechanism of coronary artery disease ( cad ) events for improved prediction.material/methodswe studied the association of cad events in 4092 individuals and observed t... | Background
Material and Methods
Ethics statement
Study samples
Metabolomics profiling (UPLC-MS)
Metabolomics analysis
Statistical analysis
Results
Association of metabolic features with CAD: Discovery and validation
Relation of lysophosphatidylcholines ratios with CAD and clinical utility of metabolites
Exploration of ... | we can see the importance of the metabolomics approach in the field of identification of new biomarkers , which could be applied further for early detection and prevention of coronary artery disease ( cad ) and in the investigation of its biological mechanism . on the basis of the above facts , we organized this work o... | [
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0... | we can see the importance of the metabolomics approach in the field of identification of new biomarkers , which could be applied further for early detection and prevention of coronary artery disease ( cad ) and in the investigation of its biological mechanism . the metabolic pathways which play an irreplaceable role in... |
employing elisas as a means of examining archaeological materials for evidence of protozoan parasites has become increasingly more routine among archaeoparasitological researchers [ 115 ] .
much of the existing work has focused on the recovery of protozoan parasite antigens from latrine sediments [ 4,911,13,14 ] .
. ... | in the present study , quids from la cueva de los muertos chiquitos ( cmc ) were subjected to elisa tests for 2 protozoan parasites , toxoplasma gondii ( n=45 ) and trypanosoma cruzi ( n=43 ) .
the people who occupied cmc , the loma san gabriel , lived throughout much of present - day durango and zacatecas in mexico... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION | employing elisas as a means of examining archaeological materials for evidence of protozoan parasites has become increasingly more routine among archaeoparasitological researchers [ 115 ] . much of the existing work has focused on the recovery of protozoan parasite antigens from latrine sediments [ 4,911,13,14 ] . quid... | [
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0... | employing elisas as a means of examining archaeological materials for evidence of protozoan parasites has become increasingly more routine among archaeoparasitological researchers [ 115 ] . much of the existing work has focused on the recovery of protozoan parasite antigens from latrine sediments [ 4,911,13,14 ] . exam... |
by 2050 , there will be approximately 2 billion people aged 60 years or more and the number of older people will outnumber the young .
the most rapid changes will take place in developing countries , and projections indicate that by then four of five older people will live in developing countries .
this demographic cha... | there is a lack of research on the everyday lives of older people in developing countries .
this exploratory study used structured observation and content analysis to examine the presence of older people in public fora and considered the methods ' potential for understanding older people 's social integration and in... | 1. Introduction
2. Method
3. Results
4. Discussion | by 2050 , there will be approximately 2 billion people aged 60 years or more and the number of older people will outnumber the young . our capacity to understand how demographic changes in developing countries will impact on older people 's lives is limited by the relative lack of research on the everyday lives of olde... | [
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0... | this demographic change has implications not only for the delivery of health and social care and for age - related policy issues , such as pensions , but also for the everyday life of citizens both young and old . our capacity to understand how demographic changes in developing countries will impact on older people 's ... |
having a partner with a serious illness has an enormous impact on family life , and relatives are affected both physically and mentally . relatives living with a critically ill patient will often experience that their life is turned upside down , which can be very stressful . a study on relatives to patients with alzhe... |
aims and objective . to investigate the relatives ' satisfaction and involvement on a general surgery ward regarding the critically ill patient . introduction . relatives to critically ill patients are affected both physically and mentally during the hospitalization of a family member .
research has shown that rel... | 1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Strengths and Limitations of the Study
6. Conclusion | having a partner with a serious illness has an enormous impact on family life , and relatives are affected both physically and mentally . relatives living with a critically ill patient will often experience that their life is turned upside down , which can be very stressful . a study on relatives to patients with alzhe... | [
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1... | having a partner with a serious illness has an enormous impact on family life , and relatives are affected both physically and mentally . a study on relatives to patients with alzheimer 's disease showed that relatives were more distressed , showed poorer immune function , and had an increase in respiratory tract infec... |
perinatal hypoxic - ischemic ( hi ) brain injury is one of the most common causes of severe neurological handicap in children .
estimated life - time costs to support children with cerebral palsy , a common outcome of hi brain injury in neonates , reached 11.5 billion dollars in 2003 .
unfortunately , our understanding... | mitochondrial dysfunction is the most fundamental mechanism of cell damage in cerebral hypoxia - ischemia and reperfusion .
mitochondrial respiratory chain ( mrc ) is increasingly recognized as a source for reactive oxygen species ( ros ) in the postischemic tissue .
potentially , ros originating in mrc can contri... | 1. Introduction
2. HI and Resuscitation
3. Potential Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species in HI Injury to the Developing Brain
4. Mitochondrial ROS and HI Reperfusion Oxidative Stress
5. The Pathogenic Mechanisms Targeted by Mitochondrial ROS in HI Reperfusion
6. The Role of Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization in the... | perinatal hypoxic - ischemic ( hi ) brain injury is one of the most common causes of severe neurological handicap in children . unfortunately , our understanding the mechanisms of the hi brain injury is not deep enough for the development of mechanism - targeted therapeutic interventions in this disease
. physiological... | [
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1... | estimated life - time costs to support children with cerebral palsy , a common outcome of hi brain injury in neonates , reached 11.5 billion dollars in 2003 . unfortunately , our understanding the mechanisms of the hi brain injury is not deep enough for the development of mechanism - targeted therapeutic interventions ... |
the main literature search was conducted using medline , through ovid online , and the strategy was as follows : ( maternal age or maternal age ) and ( diabetes mellitus , type 1 or [ diabetes and type 1 ] or iddm ) using the terms in inverted commas as medline subject heading key words .
finally , to identify stud... | objectivethe aim if the study was to investigate whether children born to older mothers have an increased risk of type 1 diabetes by performing a pooled analysis of previous studies using individual patient data to adjust for recognized confounders.research design and methodsrelevant studies published before june 2009... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Literature search.
Statistical analysis.
RESULTS
Search results.
Overall findings.
Investigation of heterogeneity.
Association by age at diagnosis and by birth order.
Other studies.
DISCUSSION | studies were excluded if they contained fewer than 100 case subjects ( because adjustments for confounders may not perform well in these studies ) or if they were family based ( because the association between maternal age and type 1 diabetes could be distorted through selecting control subjects from uncompleted famili... | [
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0... | the main literature search was conducted using medline , through ovid online , and the strategy was as follows : ( maternal age or maternal age ) and ( diabetes mellitus , type 1 or [ diabetes and type 1 ] or iddm ) using the terms in inverted commas as medline subject heading key words . finally , to identify stud... |
androgen deprivation therapy ( adt ) is often administered to patients with prostate cancer as primary therapy of non - metastatic disease ; however , there still exists a lack of evidence of efficacy and the profile of patients most likely to benefit from intermittent versus continuous therapy .
little is known about ... | backgroundcontinuous androgen deprivation therapy ( cadt ) is commonly used for patients with non - metastatic prostate cancer as primary therapy for high - risk disease , adjuvant therapy together with radiation or for recurrence after initial local therapy .
intermittent adt ( iadt ) , a recently developed alterna... | What is already known about this subject?
What does this study add?
How might this impact on clinical practice?
Introduction
Methods
Development of survey instrument
Study population and eligibility criteria
Statistical analysis
Results
Respondents
Use of ADT for the treatment of non-metastatic patients
Reasons for adm... | androgen deprivation therapy ( adt ) is often administered to patients with prostate cancer as primary therapy of non - metastatic disease ; however , there still exists a lack of evidence of efficacy and the profile of patients most likely to benefit from intermittent versus continuous therapy . little is known about ... | [
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1... | androgen deprivation therapy ( adt ) is often administered to patients with prostate cancer as primary therapy of non - metastatic disease ; however , there still exists a lack of evidence of efficacy and the profile of patients most likely to benefit from intermittent versus continuous therapy . the most common reason... |
over the past 20 years , nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) spectroscopy has emerged as one of the most powerful physical methods to study the structure and dynamics of proteins .
it combines the strengths of such methods as fluorescence and circular dichroism for characterizing proteins in solution with the power of x... | cs23d ( chemical shift to 3d structure ) is a web server for rapidly generating accurate 3d protein structures using only assigned nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) chemical shifts and sequence data as input . unlike conventional nmr methods
, cs23d requires no noe and/or j - coupling data to perform its calculatio... | INTRODUCTION
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
ALGORITHMS, DATABASES AND TESTING
RESULTS AND EVALUATION
CONCLUSIONS | over the past 20 years , nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) spectroscopy has emerged as one of the most powerful physical methods to study the structure and dynamics of proteins . it combines the strengths of such methods as fluorescence and circular dichroism for characterizing proteins in solution with the power of x... | [
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1... | over the past 20 years , nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) spectroscopy has emerged as one of the most powerful physical methods to study the structure and dynamics of proteins . it combines the strengths of such methods as fluorescence and circular dichroism for characterizing proteins in solution with the power of x... |
15%
of the global population and more than 65% of the population in the
third and developing world , yet current drug therapies for protozoan
infections are woefully inadequate . as protozoan infections take their
toll predominantly in the developing world , market forces are insufficient
to promote the devel... | recently , the world health organization approved the
nifurtimox eflornithine
combination therapy for the treatment of human african trypanosomiasis ,
renewing interest in nitroheterocycle therapies for this and associated
diseases . in this study , we have synthesized a series of novel 5-nitro-2-furancarboxy... | Introduction
Results and Discussion
Cross-Resistance Studies
Conclusions
Experimental Section | 15%
of the global population and more than 65% of the population in the
third and developing world , yet current drug therapies for protozoan
infections are woefully inadequate . as protozoan infections take their
toll predominantly in the developing world , market forces are insufficient
to promote the devel... | [
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0... | the related disease in cattle
, cattle trypanosomiasis
or nagana ,
also represents a major health concern due to its devastating economic
( estimated by the who to cause an annual economic loss of us$4
billion ) , social , and nutritional impact on african families . developed
before the 1950s , suramin ( 1 )... |
both types of diabetes mellitus can be a lead cause for blindness , kidney failure , neuropathic diseases , foot ulceration , gas gangrene in lower limbs , foot amputations , and cardiovascular insufficiency such as ischemia , stroke , etc.1 strict control of blood glucose would be the most effective approach to preven... | objectivesthe study aims at applying pharmaceutical nanotechnology and d - optimal fractional factorial design to screen and optimize the high - risk variables affecting the performance of a complex drug delivery system consisting of glimepiride zein nanoparticles and inclusion of the optimized formula with thermores... | Introduction
Materials and methods
Materials
Formulation of glimepiride-loaded Zein nanoparticles
Experimental design
Formulation of glimepiride-loaded PLGAPEGPLGA in situ gel
Characterization of glimepiride-loaded Zein nanoparticles
Characterization of glimepiride-loaded PLGAPEGPLGA in situ gel
Results and discussion
... | glimepiride provides better chance of glycemic control by stimulating insulin release from islets of langerhans of the pancreas and by boosting the sensitivity of peripheral receptors to endogenous insulin.2 it also facilitates glucose transport from the blood into the peripheral tissues for energy consumption.3 glime... | [
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0... | both types of diabetes mellitus can be a lead cause for blindness , kidney failure , neuropathic diseases , foot ulceration , gas gangrene in lower limbs , foot amputations , and cardiovascular insufficiency such as ischemia , stroke , etc.1 strict control of blood glucose would be the most effective approach to preven... |
advances in acute treatment have led to improvements in survival and so establishing effective rehabilitation strategies has become even more important .
this process is likely to be facilitated by establishing a mechanistic understanding of how to use adjunctive therapies to augment standard rehabilitation approaches ... | neurorehabilitation effective delivery for stroke is likely to be improved by establishing a mechanistic understanding of how to enhance adaptive plasticity .
functional electrical stimulation is effective at reducing poststroke foot drop ; in some patients , the effect persists after therapy has finished with an un... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions | this process is likely to be facilitated by establishing a mechanistic understanding of how to use adjunctive therapies to augment standard rehabilitation approaches . functional electrical stimulation ( fes ) is a commonly used adjunctive therapy in the rehabilitation of stroke . it is primarily used for the orthotic ... | [
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0... | this process is likely to be facilitated by establishing a mechanistic understanding of how to use adjunctive therapies to augment standard rehabilitation approaches . it is primarily used for the orthotic correction of foot drop , but a proportion of patients relearn the ability to voluntarily dorsiflex the ankle with... |
the fast li - ion conductor
with the nominal composition li7la3zr2o12 ( llzo ) is receiving much
scientific attention since its discovery in 2007 .
it has a garnet - based structure , and it occurs in at least
two structural modifications . at room temperature ,
llzo is tetragonal ( i41/acd ) while the cubic mo... | we
investigate theoretically the site occupancy of al3 + in
the fast - ion - conducting cubic - garnet li73xal3+xla3zr2o12 ( ia-3d ) using
density functional theory . by comparing calculated
and measured 27al nmr chemical shifts
an analysis shows
that al3 + prefers the tetrahedrally coordinated 24d site an... | Introduction
Computational Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion | the fast li - ion conductor
with the nominal composition li7la3zr2o12 ( llzo ) is receiving much
scientific attention since its discovery in 2007 . at room temperature ,
llzo is tetragonal ( i41/acd ) while the cubic modification ( ia-3d ) is stable above approximately 150 c . argued that the better conducting cu... | [
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0... | argued that the better conducting cubic phase can
be stabilized at room temperature ( rt ) through the incorporation of
small amounts of al . the exact role al plays in cubic al - bearing llzo is
important because llzo shows a high ionic conductivity of about 10 s / cm at rt . this is approximately 2 orders of ma... |
diphtheria toxin ( dt ) is a single , 535amino acid polypeptide secreted by corynebacterium diphtheriae and is responsible for the disease diphtheria .
1 ) : the nh2-terminal catalytic domain ( residues 1185 ) , the cooh - terminal receptor - binding domain ( residues 386535 ) , and the translocation , or t domain , ly... | in the presence of a low ph environment , the channel - forming t domain of diphtheria toxin undergoes a conformational change that allows for both its own insertion into planar lipid bilayers and the translocation of the toxin 's catalytic domain across them .
given that the t domain contributes only three transmem... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Constructs
Ratios for Mixtures
Purification of Monomeric T Domain
Bilayer Experiments
RESULTS
DISCUSSION | 1 ) : the nh2-terminal catalytic domain ( residues 1185 ) , the cooh - terminal receptor - binding domain ( residues 386535 ) , and the translocation , or t domain , lying between them ( residues 202378 ) . while the toxin is on the surface of the cell , a host protease nicks the loop connecting the catalytic domain to... | [
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0... | 1 ) : the nh2-terminal catalytic domain ( residues 1185 ) , the cooh - terminal receptor - binding domain ( residues 386535 ) , and the translocation , or t domain , lying between them ( residues 202378 ) . the catalytic domain is connected to the t domain by a protease - susceptible loop and by an easily reducible dis... |
cerebral palsy ( cp ) describes a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture that are attributed to nonprogressive disturbances in the developing brain and is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation , cognition , communication , perception , behavior , or seizures .
after eradication of polio , it is b... | background : physiotherapy plays a central role in the management of children with cerebral palsy ( cp ) ; however , literature describing the use of physiotherapy service and the factors affecting utilization of physiotherapy service for this group of children in the indian context remain unexplored.aims and objectiv... | I
M
Statistical analysis
R
Physiotherapy service utilization
Factor influencing exposure to physiotherapy
D
C
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest | cerebral palsy ( cp ) describes a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture that are attributed to nonprogressive disturbances in the developing brain and is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation , cognition , communication , perception , behavior , or seizures . the prevention of childhood disabili... | [
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1... | cerebral palsy ( cp ) describes a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture that are attributed to nonprogressive disturbances in the developing brain and is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation , cognition , communication , perception , behavior , or seizures . after eradication of polio , it is b... |
positive - strand rna viruses replicate in large complexes that are associated with host intracellular membranes ( salonen et al .
, 2005 ; sanfacon , 2005 ; miller and krijnse - locker , 2008 ; den boon and ahlquist , 2010 ; laliberte and sanfacon , 2010 ; nagy and pogany , 2012 ) .
some viruses require host membrane ... | formation of plant virus membrane - associated replication factories requires the association of viral replication proteins and viral rna with intracellular membranes , the recruitment of host factors and the modification of membranes to form novel structures that house the replication complex .
many viruses encode ... | CHARACTERIZATION OF COMOVIRUS AND NEPOVIRUS REPLICATION COMPLEXES AND IDENTIFICATION OF PUTATIVE MEMBRANE ANCHORS
MEMBRANE MODIFICATIONS AND SYMPTOMS INDUCED BY THE COMOVIRUS Co-Pro AND NTBVPg
MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY OF THE ToRSV X2 AND NTB: EVIDENCE FOR OLIGOMERIZATION AND VIROPORIN ACTIVITY
INTERACTION OF VIRAL MEMBRANE PR... | positive - strand rna viruses replicate in large complexes that are associated with host intracellular membranes ( salonen et al . some viruses require host membrane proteins to target their replication proteins to the membranes ( yamanaka et al . however , many viruses encode proteins that interact with membranes dire... | [
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0... | these proteins have membrane association domains and contain protein protein and/or protein rna interaction domains that allow them to recruit the viral rna , other viral replication proteins , or host factors to the membranes . well - characterized plant virus membrane proteins include the tombusvirus 3336 kda prote... |
the genes of cancer / testis antigens ( cta ) such as melanoma antigen gene ( mage ) and synovial sarcoma on x chromosome ( ssx ) are thought to be silent in normal adult tissues except testis .
however , these genes are expressed at a high frequency in a large variety of cancer cells .
therefore , the corresponding tr... | objectivesthe melanoma antigen gene ( mage ) and synovial sarcoma on x chromosome ( ssx ) gene families are silent in most normal adult tissues , but are expressed in a variety of malignant lesions
. therefore , detection of mage and ssx transcription may be useful for the diagnosis of head and neck cancers .
the ... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cell culture
Cancer tissue and sputum specimens
MAGE 1-6 assay
Designing common primers for SSX 1-9 assay
SSX 1-9 assay
RESULTS
Primer design and development of SSX 1-9 assay
Detection of the transcripts of SSX 1-9 genes in cancer cell lines
Detection of the transcripts of SSX 1-9 and... | the genes of cancer / testis antigens ( cta ) such as melanoma antigen gene ( mage ) and synovial sarcoma on x chromosome ( ssx ) are thought to be silent in normal adult tissues except testis . however , these genes are expressed at a high frequency in a large variety of cancer cells . however , the use of mage genes ... | [
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1... | the genes of cancer / testis antigens ( cta ) such as melanoma antigen gene ( mage ) and synovial sarcoma on x chromosome ( ssx ) are thought to be silent in normal adult tissues except testis . therefore , the corresponding transcripts represent attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy and cancer diagnosis ( 1 - 4 ... |
serotonin ( 5-ht ) , also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 3-(2-aminoetil)-1h - indol-5-ol , is a monoamine containing two nitrogen molecules : the first nitrogen is basic and embedded within the indol-5-ol ; the second , within 2-aminoethyl , is located at the terminus of the aliphatic chain .
5-ht is generated from tr... | serotonin ( 5-ht ) induces concentration - dependent metabolic effects in diverse cell types , including neurons , entherochromaffin cells , adipocytes , pancreatic beta - cells , fibroblasts , smooth muscle cells , epithelial cells , and leukocytes .
three classes of genes regulating 5-ht function are constitutivel... | 1. Introduction
2. A Brief History of 5-HT Discovery
3. Components of the Serotonergic System Are Expressed in Leukocytes
4. The Effects of 5-HT on Leukocytes
5. Changes to the Serotonergic System Affect Immune Responses and Have Clinical Implications
6. Conclusions | serotonin ( 5-ht ) , also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 3-(2-aminoetil)-1h - indol-5-ol , is a monoamine containing two nitrogen molecules : the first nitrogen is basic and embedded within the indol-5-ol ; the second , within 2-aminoethyl , is located at the terminus of the aliphatic chain . 5-ht is generated from tr... | [
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0... | serotonin ( 5-ht ) , also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 3-(2-aminoetil)-1h - indol-5-ol , is a monoamine containing two nitrogen molecules : the first nitrogen is basic and embedded within the indol-5-ol ; the second , within 2-aminoethyl , is located at the terminus of the aliphatic chain . 5-ht is generated from tr... |
obtaining a satisfying long - term survival of thas in patients younger than 40 years remains a challenge .
young patients must function longer with their tha than the typical patient who has a tha , and they also engage in a higher level of activity , which is associated with higher revision rates [ 19 , 27 ] .
there... | although uncemented cup implants frequently are used in young patients , we believe long - term survival rates of cups in these patients are somewhat disappointing , and therefore we have continued to use cemented cups in primary tha , even in young patients .
however , in cases of acetabular bone stock defects , we... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion | young patients must function longer with their tha than the typical patient who has a tha , and they also engage in a higher level of activity , which is associated with higher revision rates [ 19 , 27 ] . despite attempts to improve cup designs and using new materials in tha
one popular option is to implant uncemented... | [
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0... | although stem survival is acceptable in most studies , in general , cup survival is the weakest link in patients younger than 40 years [ 5 , 8 , 9 , 15 , 18 , 20 , 25 ] . the difference in reported survival rates between the cup and stem varies from 1% ( 97% [ stem ] versus 96% [ cup ] ) to 11% ( 98.3% [ stem ] versus... |
the delivery of health care services in the united states is characterized by geographic variations that can not be justified scientifically .
consequently , many assumptions about the quality of us health care and the appropriateness of health care interventions are being challenged .
clinicians and their patients mus... | objectivethe appropriate role for chiropractic in us health care has not been established , but third - party payors and public policy makers must make decisions about the appropriate role for chiropractors in health care systems and for the services that chiropractors provide .
appropriateness studies for chiroprac... | Introduction
Discussion
Assessment of the appropriateness of health care services
Implications of appropriateness studies for chiropractic
Implications of the RAND-UCLA Appropriateness Method
Potential implications of small area analysis
Limitations of appropriateness studies for chiropractic
Conclusion
Funding sources... | consequently , many assumptions about the quality of us health care and the appropriateness of health care interventions are being challenged . clinicians and their patients must decide what kind of care is best , whereas health policy decision makers and third - party payors are faced with the considerable challenge o... | [
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0... | the delivery of health care services in the united states is characterized by geographic variations that can not be justified scientifically . consequently , many assumptions about the quality of us health care and the appropriateness of health care interventions are being challenged . clinicians and their patients mus... |
in order to determine whether the microprocessor is involved in the processing of cellular rnas ( other than mirnas ) that contain hairpin structures , we focused on the identification of endogenous rna targets of dgcr8 .
for this , we used the cross - linking immunoprecipitation protocol coupled to high - throughput s... | the drosha - dgcr8 complex ( microprocessor ) is required for microrna ( mirna ) biogenesis .
dgcr8 recognizes the rna substrate , whereas drosha functions as the endonuclease .
high - throughput sequencing and crosslinking immunoprecipitation ( hits - clip ) was used to identify rna targets of dgcr8 in human cell... | RESULTS
HITS-CLIP identifies novel targets of the Microprocessor
The Microprocessor regulates the abundance of MALAT1
DGCR8 regulates snoRNA stability independently of Drosha
The Microprocessor cleaves the mRNA of protein-coding genes
Modulation of alternative spliced isoforms by the Microprocessor
DISCUSSION
Supplemen... | in order to determine whether the microprocessor is involved in the processing of cellular rnas ( other than mirnas ) that contain hairpin structures , we focused on the identification of endogenous rna targets of dgcr8 . for this , we used the cross - linking immunoprecipitation protocol coupled to high - throughput s... | [
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1... | in order to determine whether the microprocessor is involved in the processing of cellular rnas ( other than mirnas ) that contain hairpin structures , we focused on the identification of endogenous rna targets of dgcr8 . each replicate comprised two independent experiments : one involved immunoprecipitation ( ip ) of ... |
chemoprevention was defined as the administration of agents to prevent induction , to inhibit or to delay the progression of cancer , or as the inhibition or reversal of carcinogenesis at a premalignant stage .
chemoprevention utilizes appropriate pharmacological agents [ 3 , 4 ] or of dietary agents , consumed in dive... | honey has been used since long time both in medical and domestic needs , but only recently the antioxidant property of it came to limelight . the fact that antioxidants have several preventative effects against different diseases , such as cancer , coronary diseases , inflammatory disorders , neurological degeneration... | 1. Introduction
2. Source and Compositional Chemistry of Honey
3. Anticancerous Property of Crude Honey
4. Summary | chemoprevention was defined as the administration of agents to prevent induction , to inhibit or to delay the progression of cancer , or as the inhibition or reversal of carcinogenesis at a premalignant stage . chemoprevention utilizes appropriate pharmacological agents [ 3 , 4 ] or of dietary agents , consumed in dive... | [
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0... | consumption of antioxidants has been related to the several preventative effects against different diseases such as cancer , coronary diseases , inflammatory disorders , neurological degeneration , and aging [ 8 , 9 ] led to search for natural foods rich in antioxidants . terpenes , benzyl alcohol , 3 , 5-dimethoxy-4-h... |
from october 1996 to november 2002 , 30 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinomas underwent transarterial chemoembolization followed by hepatic resection at our institution .
of these patients , we included the patients who met the two following criteria : ( a ) two or more four - phase ( i.e. , hepatic arter... | objectivethe purpose of our study was to assess whether a review of multiphasic helical ct combined with the previous serial ct images could be helpful to depict a viable tumor in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization.materials and methodstwenty - four consecutive patients with 35 hepat... | MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patient Selection
Multiphasic Helical CT
Transarterial Chemoembolization Techniques
Pathologic Analysis
Image Analysis
Statistical Analysis
RESULTS
DISCUSSION | from october 1996 to november 2002 , 30 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinomas underwent transarterial chemoembolization followed by hepatic resection at our institution . , hepatic arterial , portal venous , and delayed phase , and unenhanced image ) helical cts were taken after the first transarterial ch... | [
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0... | , hepatic arterial , portal venous , and delayed phase , and unenhanced image ) helical cts were taken after the first transarterial chemoembolization , and ( b ) hepatic resection was done within one month of the last follow - up ct . all the patents in the study had liver cirrhosis as a result of either hepatitis b (... |
antimicrobial blue light was delivered using a light - emitting diode ( led ) ( vielight , inc . ,
toronto , canada ) with peak emission at 415 nm and full - width half maximum of 20 nm .
the irradiance on the corneal surface was 100 mw / cm throughout the study as measured using a pm100d power / energy meter ( thorlab... | purposeto investigate the effectiveness of antimicrobial blue light ( abl ) as an alternative or adjunctive therapeutic for infectious keratitis.methodswe developed an ex vivo rabbit model and an in vivo mouse model of infectious keratitis .
a bioluminescent strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa was used as the causative... | Methods
Blue Light Source
Bacterial Strain
aBL Therapy for Keratitis in the Ex Vivo Rabbit Model
aBL Therapy for Keratitis in the In Vivo Mouse Model
Bioluminescence Imaging of Infections
Quantitative Correlation of Bacterial Luminescence to Bacterial CFU in the Infected Corneas
Statistics
Results
Bacterial Luminescenc... | ,
pseudomonas aeruginosa american type culture collection ( atcc ) 19660 ( strain 180 ) , an exou expression strain , was used as the representative causative pathogen . this allowed noninvasive and real - time monitoring of bacterial bioluminescence , which is related to the corresponding colony - forming units ( cfu ... | [
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0... | this allowed noninvasive and real - time monitoring of bacterial bioluminescence , which is related to the corresponding colony - forming units ( cfu ) of bacteria , by using bioluminescence imaging . subsequently , a 20-l aliquot of bacterial suspension containing 2 10 cfu p. aeruginosa in phosphate - buffered saline... |
clinical training is considered as an indispensable and very important part of professional nursing education .
clinical education is recognized as an essential and highly significant component of professional education for nursing .
practical clinical skills lie at the heart of nurses professional practice ; therefore... | background : the purpose of this qualitative exploratory study was to explore the views of nursing trainers and students about nursing students clinical evaluation problems and drawbacks in shiraz nursing and midwifery school.materials and methods : a qualitative exploratory approach was used in this study at shiraz n... | I
M
D
Ethical considerations
R
Inappropriate clinical evaluation method
Problems of clinical evaluation process
Problems related to clinical instructors
Unsuitable programming of clinical education
Organizational shortcomings
D
C | clinical practice is one of the ways used to increase the nursing students professional competence . nursing teachers must be in charge of clinical practice because they are the ones ultimately responsible for learning in the clinical practice . thus , it is in the clinical area that students must relate theory to prac... | [
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0... | practical clinical skills lie at the heart of nurses professional practice ; therefore , the mastery of fundamental clinical skills is an important component of courses leading to registration . since nursing is a discipline based on practice , there needs to be a curriculum of education that offers students the opport... |
rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) is a chronic , systemic , inflammatory disease that involves synovial joints and other organs and extra - articular involvements associated with impairment in physical function , higher morbidity , and premature mortality [ 1 , 2 ] .
interstitial lung disease ( ild ) is an infrequent but ext... |
objective . to evaluate whether serum titers of second - generation anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies ( anti - ccp2 ) are associated with the severity and extent of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis ( ra - ild )
. methods . in across - sectional study ,
39 ra - ild patients confirmed by... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion | rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) is a chronic , systemic , inflammatory disease that involves synovial joints and other organs and extra - articular involvements associated with impairment in physical function , higher morbidity , and premature mortality [ 1 , 2 ] . interstitial lung disease ( ild ) is an infrequent but ext... | [
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1... | rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) is a chronic , systemic , inflammatory disease that involves synovial joints and other organs and extra - articular involvements associated with impairment in physical function , higher morbidity , and premature mortality [ 1 , 2 ] . some hypotheses concerning ra pathogenesis suggest that ma... |
we identified beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes defined as follows : at least one inpatient or two outpatient ( separated by 7270 days ) icd-9 diagnoses ( icd-9 250.x0 or 250.x2 ) occurring during the 12 months preceding part d enrollment or during the first 4 months after part d enrollment . among these patients
, we... | objectivein vitro evidence suggests insulin glargine promotes tumors ; observational human studies are conflicting .
we aimed to expand understanding of this potential treatment risk.research design and methodsthis retrospective cohort study of type 2 diabetic patients > 68 years old used medicare inpatient , outpat... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Exposure/treatment group assignment
Cancer measures
Covariates
Analysis
Primary analyses
Secondary analyses
RESULTS
Patients
Primary analyses
Secondary analyses
CONCLUSIONS
Supplementary Material | we identified beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes defined as follows : at least one inpatient or two outpatient ( separated by 7270 days ) icd-9 diagnoses ( icd-9 250.x0 or 250.x2 ) occurring during the 12 months preceding part d enrollment or during the first 4 months after part d enrollment . among these patients
, we... | [
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1... | we identified beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes defined as follows : at least one inpatient or two outpatient ( separated by 7270 days ) icd-9 diagnoses ( icd-9 250.x0 or 250.x2 ) occurring during the 12 months preceding part d enrollment or during the first 4 months after part d enrollment . among these patients
, we... |
it is important to estimate the changes in tooth position before and after orthodontic treatment to determine whether the teeth have been moved according to the anchorage requirements or to the planned tooth movement of the treatment objectives .
traditionally , the evaluation of tooth movement has been possible by sup... | objectivethe purpose of this study was to develop superimposition method on the lower arch using 3-dimensional ( 3d ) cone beam computed tomography ( cbct ) images and orthodontic 3d digital modeling.methodsintegrated 3d cbct images were acquired by substituting the dental portion of 3d cbct images with precise dental... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Superimposition procedure
Step 1. Acquisition of 3D CBCT skeletal data and reconstruction of 3D mandibular bone images
Step 2. Acquisition of 3D digital model data by surface scanning
Step 3. Initial integration of the mandible and mandibular dentition model
Step 4. Superimposition of... | it is important to estimate the changes in tooth position before and after orthodontic treatment to determine whether the teeth have been moved according to the anchorage requirements or to the planned tooth movement of the treatment objectives . recent advances in computer technologies such as 3-dimensional ( 3d ) com... | [
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0... | it is important to estimate the changes in tooth position before and after orthodontic treatment to determine whether the teeth have been moved according to the anchorage requirements or to the planned tooth movement of the treatment objectives . recent advances in computer technologies such as 3-dimensional ( 3d ) com... |
dengue virus , an aedes mosquito - borne viral pathogen belonging to the family flaviviridae , is the cause of dengue fever ( df ) and dengue hemorrhagic fever ( dhf ) . the emergence and reemergence of df / dhf have become a significant public health burden in the tropics and subtropics [ 15 ] . due to the lack of an ... | this study analyzed the association between household - level ecologic and individual - level sociodemographic determinants and dengue transmission in urban areas of chachoengsao province , thailand .
the ecologic and sociodemographic variables were examined by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regressio... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions | dengue virus , an aedes mosquito - borne viral pathogen belonging to the family flaviviridae , is the cause of dengue fever ( df ) and dengue hemorrhagic fever ( dhf ) . regarded as a reemerging infectious disease [ 1 , 4 , 5 ]
such outbreaks reflect the failure of current prevention and control efforts , despite the f... | [
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1... | dengue virus , an aedes mosquito - borne viral pathogen belonging to the family flaviviridae , is the cause of dengue fever ( df ) and dengue hemorrhagic fever ( dhf ) . the emergence and reemergence of df / dhf have become a significant public health burden in the tropics and subtropics [ 15 ] . due to the lack of an ... |
sh2b1 knockout and tgko mice have been described previously ( 29,31 ) and were backcrossed for six generations onto a c57bl/6 genetic background .
mice were housed on a 12-h light / dark cycle in the unit for laboratory animal medicine at the university of michigan and fed either normal rodent diet ( 9% fat ; lab diet ... | objectivesh2b1 is a sh2 domain - containing adaptor protein expressed in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues .
neuronal sh2b1 controls body weight ; however , the functions of peripheral sh2b1 remain unknown . here , we studied peripheral sh2b1 regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabol... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Animal studies.
Cell lines and transfection.
Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting.
Insulin receptor kinase assay.
Dephosphorylation assays.
Statistical analysis.
RESULTS
Loss of peripheral SH2B1 predisposes mice to HFD-induced insulin resistance.
Loss of peripheral SH2B1 impairs insulin si... | mice were housed on a 12-h light / dark cycle in the unit for laboratory animal medicine at the university of michigan and fed either normal rodent diet ( 9% fat ; lab diet ) or high - fat diet ( hfd ; 45% fat ; research diets ) ad libitum with free access to water . mice were housed on a 12-h light / dark cycle in the... | [
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0... | glucose tolerance tests ( gtt ) ( 2 g d - glucose / kg of body weight ) and insulin tolerance tests ( itt ) ( 1 iu / kg of body weight ; eli lilly ) were conducted as previously described ( 2931 ) . to analyze insulin signaling , mice ( fasted 16 h ) were anesthetized with averin ( 0.5 g of tribromoethanol and 0.25 g o... |
the market authorization ( ma ) procedure for medicinal products for human use is relying on their demonstrated efficacy , safety , and pharmaceutical quality ( the european parliament and the council of the european union , 2001 ) .
this applies to all medicinal products whether of chemical ( e.g. , blood pressure low... | the market authorization procedure for medicinal products for human use is relying on their demonstrated efficacy , safety , and pharmaceutical quality .
this applies to all medicinal products whether of chemical or biological origin . since october 2009
, the first advanced therapy medicinal product ( atmp ) has ... | Introduction
Objectives
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conflict of Interest Statement
Results from the ITC performed with the CADHT-application | the market authorization ( ma ) procedure for medicinal products for human use is relying on their demonstrated efficacy , safety , and pharmaceutical quality ( the european parliament and the council of the european union , 2001 ) . this applies to all medicinal products whether of chemical ( e.g. , blood pressure low... | [
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0... | the market authorization ( ma ) procedure for medicinal products for human use is relying on their demonstrated efficacy , safety , and pharmaceutical quality ( the european parliament and the council of the european union , 2001 ) . modern biotechnology medicinal products obtain market approval through the centralized... |
attention is known to alter neural processing at multiple levels of both the peripheral and central nervous systems , and both auditory and visual attention have been conceptualized as operating in both
top - down mechanisms reflect goal - based control in order to direct attention to particular targets or to sustain ... | attention is crucial for encoding information into memory , and current dual - process models seek to explain the roles of attention in both recollection memory and incidental - perceptual memory processes .
the present study combined an incidental memory paradigm with event - related functional mri to examine the e... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusion | attention is known to alter neural processing at multiple levels of both the peripheral and central nervous systems , and both auditory and visual attention have been conceptualized as operating in both
top - down mechanisms reflect goal - based control in order to direct attention to particular targets or to sustain ... | [
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1... | attention is known to alter neural processing at multiple levels of both the peripheral and central nervous systems , and both auditory and visual attention have been conceptualized as operating in both
top - down mechanisms reflect goal - based control in order to direct attention to particular targets or to sustain ... |
while atrial fibrillation ( af ) is the most common associated cardiac arrhythmia making up to 12% of strokes among the general population , asymptomatic paroxysmal af ( paf ) is often suspected as the underlying cause of cs .
the progressive nature of af is well established and known to lead to electro - anatomical re... | background and purposeto investigate an association between left atrial ( la ) structural and p wave dispersion ( pwd ) during sinus rhythm , and electrical remodeling in cryptogenic stroke ( cs ) patients.methodsforty cs patients and 40 age- and sex - matched healthy controls were enrolled .
p wave calculations wer... | Introduction
Methods
Patients and data collection
LA structural remodeling analysis using conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography
LA electrical remodeling analysis using P wave dispersion
Statistical analysis
Results
Discussion
Limitations
Conclusions | atrial fibrosis develops from complex interactions among several cellular and neurohumoral mediators , with the resultant fibrotic tissue causing a low a voltage response and other electrophysiological changes in the left atrium ( la ) that act as a substrate for the occurrence of af . while electrical remodeling may s... | [
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1... | while atrial fibrillation ( af ) is the most common associated cardiac arrhythmia making up to 12% of strokes among the general population , asymptomatic paroxysmal af ( paf ) is often suspected as the underlying cause of cs . atrial fibrosis develops from complex interactions among several cellular and neurohumoral me... |
arnt - floxed ( arnt ) ( 9 ) and hif1-floxed ( hif1 ) ( 10 ) mice containing loxp sites flanking exons 6 and 1315 , of the arnt and hif1 genes , respectively , were crossed with mice harboring the cre recombinase under control of the ap2 promoter ( ap2-cre mice ) .
all mice were on the c57bl/6 background , and only mal... | objectiveobesity , insulin resistance , and type 2 diabetes form a tightly correlated cluster of metabolic disorders in which adipose is one of the first affected tissues .
the role of hypoxia and hypoxia - inducible factor 1 ( hif1 ) in the development of high - fat diet ( hfd)induced obesity and insulin resistance... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Metabolic assays.
In vivo insulin stimulation and analysis of insulin signaling.
Body composition, food intake, and metabolic rate.
Biochemical assays.
RNA and protein analysis.
Isolation of adipocytes and macrophage of stromal vascular fraction and microarray analysis.
Histology.
Data analy... | arnt - floxed ( arnt ) ( 9 ) and hif1-floxed ( hif1 ) ( 10 ) mice containing loxp sites flanking exons 6 and 1315 , of the arnt and hif1 genes , respectively , were crossed with mice harboring the cre recombinase under control of the ap2 promoter ( ap2-cre mice ) . in the hfd study , 6-week - old male mice were given a... | [
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0... | arnt - floxed ( arnt ) ( 9 ) and hif1-floxed ( hif1 ) ( 10 ) mice containing loxp sites flanking exons 6 and 1315 , of the arnt and hif1 genes , respectively , were crossed with mice harboring the cre recombinase under control of the ap2 promoter ( ap2-cre mice ) . insulin ( humulin r ) was infused as a bolus of 18 mu ... |
genome sequencing has
revealed that most higher eukaryotes have
a relatively limited set of genes , whose numbers do not correlate
with organismal complexity .
the ability
of a limited number of genes to achieve diverse protein functions
depends on a series of post - translational modifications ( ptms ) , inc... | phosphorylation and oglcnacylation
are dynamic intracellular protein
post - translational modifications that frequently are alternatively
observed on the same serine and threonine residues .
phosphorylation
and oglcnacylation commonly occur in natively disordered regions of
proteins , and often have opposi... | Introduction
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Experimental Section | the ability
of a limited number of genes to achieve diverse protein functions
depends on a series of post - translational modifications ( ptms ) , including
phosphorylation , glycosylation , acylation , methylation , lipidation ,
protein ligation , sulfation , and myriad oxidations , that result in
controllab... | [
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of a limited number of genes to achieve diverse protein functions
depends on a series of post - translational modifications ( ptms ) , including
phosphorylation , glycosylation , acylation , methylation , lipidation ,
protein ligation , sulfation , and myriad oxidations , that result in
controllab... |
vulvar cancer has an incidence of 12 per 100,000 women per year and represents 35 % of all gynecological malignancies [ 13 ] . squamous cell carcinoma ( scc )
is the predominant malignancy at this site , accounting for approximately 8590 % of vulvar cancers [ 4 , 5 ] .
treatment of advanced stage ( figo iii and iv ) ... | objectiveadaptive immune effectors do not influence prognosis in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma ( vscc ) . therefore , we tried to clarify the prognostic role of innate immunity and granzyme b - dependent cytotoxicity as defined by intratumoral infiltrates of natural killer cells ( cd56 + ) and lymphocytes expressing ... | Introduction
Materials and methods
Patients and specimens
Antibodies
Immunohistochemistry
Evaluation and classification of CD56+ and GrB+ cells
Statistical analysis
Results
Immunohistochemistry for GrB+ cells
Immunohistochemistry for CD56+ cells
Correlation of IE CD56+ and IE GrB+ cells with clinicopathological feature... | therefore , the purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic roles of innate immune effectors represented by cd56 + cells and granzyme b - dependent cytolysis . the median age of the patients was 69.5 years ( range 3685 ) , the median duration of follow - up was 51.23 months ( range 6.33135.5 ) , and the media... | [
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the study population consisted of 539 consecutive patients with diabetes who presented to our outpatient clinic or were admitted to our hospital for cardiac evaluation ( exercise electrocardiogram , stress echocardiography , or invasive coronary angiography ) because of suspected cad ( new - onset chest pain , abnormal... | objectiveto assess the prognostic role of multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography ( mdct - ca ) in patients with diabetes with suspected coronary artery disease ( cad ) .
use of mdct - ca is increasing in patients with suspected cad .
however , data supporting its prognostic value in patients with d... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients and study protocol
MDCT-CA scan protocol, image reconstruction, and patient preparation
MDCT-CA data analysis
Follow-up
Statistical analysis
RESULTS
MDCT-CA results
Univariate predictors of events
Multivariate predictors of events
Survival analysis
CONCLUSIONS | the study population consisted of 539 consecutive patients with diabetes who presented to our outpatient clinic or were admitted to our hospital for cardiac evaluation ( exercise electrocardiogram , stress echocardiography , or invasive coronary angiography ) because of suspected cad ( new - onset chest pain , abnormal... | [
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several pyridazine compounds exhibit antimicrobial , potent analgesic , cox inhibitor , antidiabetic , antihypertensive , herbicidal , anticancer , and antifungal activities .
further , various pyridazinones have been used as intermediates for drugs and agrochemicals and blood platelet aggregation inhibitors .
th... | the work described herein employs potassium hydroxide impregnated alumina ( koh - alumina ) as a mild , efficient , and recyclable catalyst for a one - pot solvent - free and environmentally safer synthesis of 3,4,6-triarylpyridazines and some substituted pyridazines from active methylene carbonyl species , 1,2-dicarb... | 1. Introduction
2. Conclusion
3. Experimental Section | several pyridazine compounds exhibit antimicrobial , potent analgesic , cox inhibitor , antidiabetic , antihypertensive , herbicidal , anticancer , and antifungal activities . the synthesis of pyridazine frameworks has been achieved primarily by the addition of hydrazine or its derivative to an appropriate 1,4-diketo... | [
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0... | several pyridazine compounds exhibit antimicrobial , potent analgesic , cox inhibitor , antidiabetic , antihypertensive , herbicidal , anticancer , and antifungal activities . other various pyridazines particularly amino - pyridazines have been prepared from polyfunctionalized nitriles , especially via the jaap - kli... |
n- , and ki - ras ( with ki - ras existing as the predominant ki - ras4b and the alternatively spliced ki - ras4a isoforms ) that play a central role in cell signaling ( barbacid , 1987 ; malumbres and barbacid , 2003 ) .
ras proteins are anchored on the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane , where they mediate signa... | mutation in ras proteins is one of the most common genetic alterations observed in human and experimentally induced rodent cancers . in vivo
, oncogenic mutations have been shown to occur at exons 12 , 13 , and 61 , resulting in any 1 of 19 possible point mutations in a given tumor for a specific ras isoform .
whi... | Introduction
None
None
Differential Expression of Ki-
Emerging Research
Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Conflict of Interest Statement
Abbreviations | n- , and ki - ras ( with ki - ras existing as the predominant ki - ras4b and the alternatively spliced ki - ras4a isoforms ) that play a central role in cell signaling ( barbacid , 1987 ; malumbres and barbacid , 2003 ) . ras proteins are anchored on the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane , where they mediate signa... | [
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0... | n- , and ki - ras ( with ki - ras existing as the predominant ki - ras4b and the alternatively spliced ki - ras4a isoforms ) that play a central role in cell signaling ( barbacid , 1987 ; malumbres and barbacid , 2003 ) . ras proteins are anchored on the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane , where they mediate signa... |
to convert a closed double - stranded dna or rna helix into two open single strands , so that other protein machinery can manipulate the polynucleotides , the cells require helicases .
several dna and rna helicases have been isolated from all kingdoms of life , from virus to man [ 58 ] .
detailed structural information... | many viral pathogens encode the motor proteins named rna helicases which display various functions in genome replication .
general strategies to design specific and selective drugs targeting helicase for the treatment of viral infections could act via one or more of the following mechanisms : inhibition of the ntpas... | 1. Introduction
2. Viral RNA Helicases As Antiviral Drug Targets
3. Flaviviridae
4. Coronaviridae
5. Picornaviridae | several dna and rna helicases have been isolated from all kingdoms of life , from virus to man [ 58 ] . this enzyme is a promising target to develop new therapies and preventative agents , since ssrna viruses belonging to families like flaviviridae , coronaviridae , and picornaviridae cause clinically significant disea... | [
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0... | examples are the bovine viral diarrhea virus ( bvdv ) , a serious welfare problem that significantly damages the farm business , and the hepatitis c virus [ hcv ] , that is now a global public health issue , being a major cause of human hepatitis . no retroviruses or ssrna viruses
have been reported to encode the synth... |
caloric restriction ( cr ; or dietary restriction [ dr ] ) is the only known intervention that extends the life span of organisms as divergent as yeast , worms , flies , fish , and primates [ 1 , 2 ] , an observation which might indicate the existence of a universal , conserved mechanism of aging . despite almost 80 ye... | calorie restriction ( cr ) is an intervention extending the life spans of many organisms .
the mechanisms underlying cr - dependent retardation of aging are still poorly understood . despite mechanisms involving conserved nutrient signaling pathways proposed , few target processes that can account for cr - mediated ... | 1. Introduction
2. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Aging and in Caloric Restriction-Mediated Life Span Extension: Damaging Agents or Signal Transducers?
3. Peroxiredoxins in ROS Defence and in the Retardation of Aging
4. Calorie Restriction, Glucose Signaling, and the Link to the Free Radical Theory of Aging
5. Roles... | caloric restriction ( cr ; or dietary restriction [ dr ] ) is the only known intervention that extends the life span of organisms as divergent as yeast , worms , flies , fish , and primates [ 1 , 2 ] , an observation which might indicate the existence of a universal , conserved mechanism of aging . despite almost 80 ye... | [
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1... | caloric restriction ( cr ; or dietary restriction [ dr ] ) is the only known intervention that extends the life span of organisms as divergent as yeast , worms , flies , fish , and primates [ 1 , 2 ] , an observation which might indicate the existence of a universal , conserved mechanism of aging . despite almost 80 ye... |
constipation is very common in the general population ( belsey et al . , 2010 ) and affects the quality of human life .
colonic and rectal sensory - motor function and biomechanical properties are now strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of constipation [ 3 , 4 ] .
however , the pathophysiological mechanisms under... | previous study demonstrated that chang run tong ( crt ) could partly restore the colon remodeling in streptozotocin- ( stz- ) induced diabetic rats .
here we investigated the mechanisms of such effects of crt .
diabetes was induced by a single injection of 40 mg / kg of stz .
crt was poured into the stomach by ... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion and Perspectives of the Study | however , the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic constipation remain to be explored [ 5 , 6 ] . during the past several years
, the authors have through clinical observation found that the chang run tong ( crt ) produced by china - japan friendship hospital could effectively treat senile constipation . fr... | [
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0... | colonic and rectal sensory - motor function and biomechanical properties are now strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of constipation [ 3 , 4 ] . however , the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic constipation remain to be explored [ 5 , 6 ] . however , from the western medicine point of view , the mecha... |
muscular dystrophies ( mds ) are a group of fatal inherited diseases ( ~30 ) , associated with progressive muscle wasting caused by muscle membrane fragility , abnormal metabolic control , increased oxidative and energetic stress and abnormal proliferation of satellite cells ( campbell , 1995 ; cohn and campbell , 2000... | mammalian musculature is a very robust and dynamic tissue that goes through many rounds of degeneration and regeneration in an individual s lifetime .
there is a biological program that maintains muscle progenitor cells that , when activated , give rise to intermediate myoblast progeny that consequently differentiat... | Function of the Dystrophin Glycoprotein Complex
Muscle Maintenance and Regeneration
The DysSynnNOS Pathway and miRNA Levels are Reciprocally Regulated
miRNAs Balance the Epigenetic Network of Dystrophic Muscle
miRNAs Regulate Tissue Replacement in Compromised Dystrophic Muscle
New Options for miRNAs in Muscular Dystrop... | muscular dystrophies ( mds ) are a group of fatal inherited diseases ( ~30 ) , associated with progressive muscle wasting caused by muscle membrane fragility , abnormal metabolic control , increased oxidative and energetic stress and abnormal proliferation of satellite cells ( campbell , 1995 ; cohn and campbell , 2000... | [
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1... | muscular dystrophies ( mds ) are a group of fatal inherited diseases ( ~30 ) , associated with progressive muscle wasting caused by muscle membrane fragility , abnormal metabolic control , increased oxidative and energetic stress and abnormal proliferation of satellite cells ( campbell , 1995 ; cohn and campbell , 2000... |
human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ( arpe-19 ) was obtained from atcc ( manassas , va ) .
cells were grown in 1:1 mixture ( vol./vol . ) of dulbecco 's modified eagle 's and ham 's nutrient mixture f-12 medium ( dmem f-12 , gibco , carlsbad , ca ) , 10 mm non - essential amino acids , 0.37% sodium bicarbonate ,... | purpose : to evaluate the effect of bevacizumab on the mitochondrial function of human retinal pigment epithelial ( arpe-19 ) , rat neurosensory retinal ( r28 ) and human microvascular endothelial ( hmvec ) cells in culture.materials and methods : arpe-19 and r28 cells were treated with 0.125 , 0.25 , 0.50 and 1 mg / ... | Materials and Methods
Cell culture
Exposure to bevacizumab
Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity: WST-1 assay
Gross morphology: Phase contrast microscopy
Statistical analysis
Results
ARPE-19 cells
R28 Cells
HMVEC
Discussion | of dulbecco 's modified eagle 's and ham 's nutrient mixture f-12 medium ( dmem f-12 , gibco , carlsbad , ca ) , 10 mm non - essential amino acids , 0.37% sodium bicarbonate , 0.058% l - glutamine , 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics ( 100 u / ml penicillin g , 0.1 mg / ml streptomycin sulfate , 10 g / ml gentamici... | [
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0... | of dulbecco 's modified eagle 's and ham 's nutrient mixture f-12 medium ( dmem f-12 , gibco , carlsbad , ca ) , 10 mm non - essential amino acids , 0.37% sodium bicarbonate , 0.058% l - glutamine , 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics ( 100 u / ml penicillin g , 0.1 mg / ml streptomycin sulfate , 10 g / ml gentamici... |
regenerative medicine has continued to gain clinical significance by research evidence from both animal and human studies , clinical trials , and clinical practice .
the therapeutic rationale for regenerative medicine is that cell - based therapies have the potential to return the patient to health with respect to that... | introductionknee osteoarthritis is associated with persistent joint pain , stiffness , joint deformities , ligament damage , and surrounding muscle atrophy .
the complexity of the disease makes treatment difficult .
there are no therapeutic drugs available to halt the disease progression , leaving patients depende... | Introduction
Case presentations
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
Conclusion | it is now well recognized that damaged mammalian tissues do repair or self - regenerate and that during gestation injured or damaged neonatal tissues can be wholly recreated.1 while this inherent capacity decreases with age and chronic injury conditions , evidence for regenerative or self - repair pathways in adult m... | [
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1... | the therapeutic rationale for regenerative medicine is that cell - based therapies have the potential to return the patient to health with respect to that condition , without further treatment . it is now well recognized that damaged mammalian tissues do repair or self - regenerate and that during gestation injured o... |
male wistar rats ( 150200 g ) were obtained from b&k universal , sollentuna , sweden .
animals were housed under a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle and had free access to water and standard rodent chow and were fasted ( 5 h ) before each experiment .
rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobar... | objectivein skeletal muscle , insulin stimulates glucose transport activity three- to fourfold , and a large part of this stimulation is associated with a net translocation of glut4 from an intracellular compartment to the cell surface .
we examined the extent to which insulin or the amp - activated protein kinase a... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Epitrochlearis muscle isolation.
Open muscle biopsy.
Glucose transport.
Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation.
GP15 photoaffinity tagging of GLUT4.
Steady-state internalization of GLUT4.
Exocytosis of GLUT4.
Curve fitting and analysis of rate constants.
RESULTS
Comparison of i... | male wistar rats ( 150200 g ) were obtained from b&k universal , sollentuna , sweden . six healthy men with no known family history of metabolic disorder ( aged 39 11 years and bmi 25.8 0.8 kg / m ) volunteered for the muscle biopsy procedure . the maximum signal of glut4 , which internalized and escaped the surface ... | [
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0... | six healthy men with no known family history of metabolic disorder ( aged 39 11 years and bmi 25.8 0.8 kg / m ) volunteered for the muscle biopsy procedure . muscles were transferred to fresh khb and incubated with either 120 nmol / l insulin or 1 mmol
muscles were then transferred to fresh khb containing 20 mmol / l... |
neuroinflammation is the mechanism of cns inflammation that occurs in response to trauma , infections , and/or neurodegenerative diseases . in neuroinflammation ,
cellular and molecular immune components such as specialised macrophages ( microglia ) , cytokines , complement , and pattern - recognition receptors are the... | inflammation of central nervous system ( cns ) is usually associated with trauma and infection .
neuroinflammation occurs in close relation to trauma , infection , and neurodegenerative diseases .
low - level neuroinflammation is considered to have beneficial effects whereas chronic neuroinflammation can be harmfu... | 1. Introduction
2. Microglia
3. Astrocytes
4. Toll-Like Receptors (TLR)
5. NOD-Like Receptors
6. Scavenger Receptors
7. Complement
8. Conclusion | neuroinflammation is the mechanism of cns inflammation that occurs in response to trauma , infections , and/or neurodegenerative diseases . in neuroinflammation ,
cellular and molecular immune components such as specialised macrophages ( microglia ) , cytokines , complement , and pattern - recognition receptors are the... | [
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1... | neuroinflammation is the mechanism of cns inflammation that occurs in response to trauma , infections , and/or neurodegenerative diseases . in neuroinflammation ,
cellular and molecular immune components such as specialised macrophages ( microglia ) , cytokines , complement , and pattern - recognition receptors are the... |
the alkali and alkaline - earth ternary
oxides of uranium , neptunium , and plutonium have attracted interest
since the 1960s because of their exciting and intriguing electronic
and magnetic properties . in these systems with
[ rn]6d5f ( uranium and neptunium )
and [ rn]6d5f ( plutonium )
electronic configu... | the
physicochemical properties of the potassium neptunate k2npo4 have been investigated in this work using x - ray diffraction ,
x - ray absorption near edge structure ( xanes ) spectroscopy at the np - l3 edge , and low - temperature heat capacity measurements .
a rietveld
refinement of the crystal structure ... | Introduction
Experimental Methods
Results
and Discussion
Conclusion | this character leads
to a wide range of oxidation states , between + 3 and + 7 , and the occurrence
of magnetic ordering behavior . the theoretical description of these
systems appears extremely challenging , however , as the crystal field
interaction is usually of the same order of magnitude as the spin
the c... | [
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0... | in these systems with
[ rn]6d5f ( uranium and neptunium )
and [ rn]6d5f ( plutonium )
electronic configurations , the 5f valence shell electrons have a large
spatial extension and are close in energy to the 6d electrons , making
them prone to chemical bonding , in contrast with the 4f electrons
of the lanth... |
this study was approved by the institutional review boards of the participating centers , according to the tenets of the declaration of helsinki .
informed consent was obtained from all patients at the initial visit in pakistan at the el shifa trust eye hospital , where two of our clinical collaborators saw the babies ... | purposeto evaluate consanguineous pedigrees from pakistan with a clinical diagnosis of nonsyndromic congenital retinal nonattachment ( ncrna ) and identify genes responsible for the disease as currently only one ncrna gene is known ( atonal basic helix - loop - helix transcription factor 7 : atoh7).methodswe implement... | Methods
DNA Extraction and Primer Design
Step 1: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Microarrays
Step 2: RetNet Known Retinal Disease Gene Panel Screening by Targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
Step 3: Whole Exome Sequencing
Mutation Analysis
Sanger Sequencing
In Silico Mutational Analyses
Results
Clinical Findi... | informed consent was obtained from all patients at the initial visit in pakistan at the el shifa trust eye hospital , where two of our clinical collaborators saw the babies ( ak , ss ) and another oversaw the dna extractions ( rq ) ; the consent form contained a paragraph about genetic analyses of retinal genes , inclu... | [
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1... | informed consent was obtained from all patients at the initial visit in pakistan at the el shifa trust eye hospital , where two of our clinical collaborators saw the babies ( ak , ss ) and another oversaw the dna extractions ( rq ) ; the consent form contained a paragraph about genetic analyses of retinal genes , inclu... |
the steroid hormone estrogen and the estrogen receptor alpha ( er ) are necessary for the physiology of the female reproductive system ( musgrove and sutherland 2009 ) .
these factors play an essential role in the breast , ovaries , and uterus , where they control cell division and differentiation , and the deregulatio... | estrogen receptor ( er ) is a hormone - regulated transcription factor that controls cell division and differentiation in the ovary , breast , and uterus .
the expression of er is a common feature of the majority of breast cancers , which is used as a therapeutic target .
recent genetic studies have shown that er ... | Introduction
Pioneer transcription factors mediate ER binding
Function of ER-cooperating factors in hormone-regulated cancers
ER-cooperating factors influence estrogen-mediated transcription
ER-cooperating transcription factors and anti-estrogen drug response
Cell signaling pathways modulating ER and ER-cooperating fac... | the steroid hormone estrogen and the estrogen receptor alpha ( er ) are necessary for the physiology of the female reproductive system ( musgrove and sutherland 2009 ) . these factors play an essential role in the breast , ovaries , and uterus , where they control cell division and differentiation , and the deregulatio... | [
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1... | these factors play an essential role in the breast , ovaries , and uterus , where they control cell division and differentiation , and the deregulation of er transcriptional activity may result in an increased proliferation and eventually in cancer onset . breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a different subgr... |
wound healing after tooth extraction or dental implantation is an abstruse process involving a series of biological events which consist of repair and remodeling of soft and hard tissues in response to injury .
the focus of research in bone biology and healing is now centered on molecular events that regulate the repai... | background : the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bone resorption inhibitors , doxycycline ( dox ) and erythromycin ( em ) , on osseous wound healing in rat alveolar socket.materials and methods : in this randomized controlled trial , 45 810-week - old male wistar rats had their maxillary right molar e... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Immunohistochemistry
Statistical analysis
RESULTS
Receptor activator of nuclear factor B ligand gene expression
Osteoprotegerin gene expression
Receptor activator of nuclear factor B ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio
Immunohistochemical obse... | identification of cellular and molecular biology and many signaling molecules associated with formation and repair of skeletal tissues , like members of the transforming growth factor- superfamily ( including the bone morphogenetic proteins ) and several additional signaling molecules such as fibroblast growth factors ... | [
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0... | wound healing after tooth extraction or dental implantation is an abstruse process involving a series of biological events which consist of repair and remodeling of soft and hard tissues in response to injury . the focus of research in bone biology and healing is now centered on molecular events that regulate the repai... |
a severe gonadotropin deficiency together with chronic estradiol deficiency leading to amenorrhea characterizes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism ( hh ) .
deficiency in luteinizing hormone ( lh ) and follicle - stimulating hormone ( fsh ) levels may result from either hypothalamic or pituitary causes .
hh is most frequentl... | a severe gonadotropin deficiency together with chronic estradiol deficiency leading to amenorrhea characterizes patients suffering from hypogonadotropic hypogonadism .
administration of both follicle - stimulating hormone ( fsh ) and luteinizing hormone ( lh ) to these patients has been shown to be essential in achi... | Introduction
Role of gonadotropins in follicular growth and ovulation
The two celltwo gonadotropin theory
Clinical and endocrinological features of HH
Follitropin alpha and lutropin alpha
Stimulation of follicular development with rFSH and rLH in women with profound FSH and LH deficiency: clinical results
Iatrogenic se... | a severe gonadotropin deficiency together with chronic estradiol deficiency leading to amenorrhea characterizes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism ( hh ) . deficiency in luteinizing hormone ( lh ) and follicle - stimulating hormone ( fsh ) levels may result from either hypothalamic or pituitary causes . exogenous administra... | [
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0... | exogenous administration of both fsh and lh in women with hh has been shown to be essential in achieving successful stimulation of follicular development , ovulation , and fertility restoration.13 in women with hh and normal pituitary function , pulsatile gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( gnrh ) therapy can be used to... |
the limited capacity of adult mammalian central nervous system axons to regenerate following spinal cord injury ( sci ) leads to substantial functional defects .
one likely cause of this diminished growth ability is that the expression levels of proteins necessary for robust growth is dramatically lower in mature neuro... | in the vast majority of studies utilizing adeno - associated virus ( aav ) in central nervous system applications , including those published with spinal cord injury ( sci ) models , aav has been administered at the level of the cell body of neurons targeted for genetic modification , resulting in transduction of neur... | Introduction
Results
Intraspinal injection of AAV rostral to a SCI site transduces many spinal cord neurons
AAV is retrogradely transported by axons injured by SCI and robustly transduces various supraspinal brain neurons
Discussion
Materials and methods | the limited capacity of adult mammalian central nervous system axons to regenerate following spinal cord injury ( sci ) leads to substantial functional defects . one tool that can modify gene expression in the mature central nervous system , potentially allowing for the overcoming of this significant hurdle , is recomb... | [
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1... | one likely cause of this diminished growth ability is that the expression levels of proteins necessary for robust growth is dramatically lower in mature neurons than in younger , developing neurons . one tool that can modify gene expression in the mature central nervous system , potentially allowing for the overcoming ... |
chronic low - grade inflammation and aberrant regulation of the stress response system are two prominent hallmarks of obesity , a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance , type 2 diabetes , metabolic syndrome , and cardiovascular diseases [ 1 , 2 ] . sedentary lifestyles and excessive food intake ... | rantes and its ccr5 receptor trigger inflammation and its progression to insulin resistance in obese . in the present study , we investigated for the first time the effect of physical exercise on the expression of rantes and ccr5 in obese humans .
fifty - seven adult nondiabetic subjects ( 17 lean and 40 obese ) wer... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion |
chronic low - grade inflammation and aberrant regulation of the stress response system are two prominent hallmarks of obesity , a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance , type 2 diabetes , metabolic syndrome , and cardiovascular diseases [ 1 , 2 ] . studies on mice indicated that obesity also alt... | [
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chronic low - grade inflammation and aberrant regulation of the stress response system are two prominent hallmarks of obesity , a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance , type 2 diabetes , metabolic syndrome , and cardiovascular diseases [ 1 , 2 ] . the white adipose tissue has been identified as... |
perspective taking is a capability that we all learn as infants , at least in principle ( e.g. , baillargeon et al . , 2010 ) , and yet even as adults , we still have our difficulties accomplishing it ( galinsky et al . , 2006 ;
wu and keysar , 2007 ) : in our attempts to find orientation in the outside world , in soci... | to what extent is cognition affected by culture ? and how might cognitive science profit from an intensified collaboration with anthropology in exploring this issue ? in order to answer these questions , we will first give a brief description of different perspectives on cognition , one that prevails in most cognitive... | Introduction
Perspectives on Cognition
Cultural Variance and Challenges for Research
The Gift of Anthropology: Taking Multiple Perspectives
The Case for Collaboration and Cases of Good Practice
Conflict of Interest Statement | perspective taking is a capability that we all learn as infants , at least in principle ( e.g. , 2010 ) , and yet even as adults , we still have our difficulties accomplishing it ( galinsky et al . , 2006 ;
wu and keysar , 2007 ) : in our attempts to find orientation in the outside world , in social relations and inter... | [
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1... | perspective taking is a capability that we all learn as infants , at least in principle ( e.g. , 2010 ) , and yet even as adults , we still have our difficulties accomplishing it ( galinsky et al . , 2006 ;
wu and keysar , 2007 ) : in our attempts to find orientation in the outside world , in social relations and inter... |
the old 1960s tularemia focus was in the srebarna lake nature reserve and its surroundings ( fig . 1 and supplementary file 1 ) .
the focus covered an area of about 7 km where the marsh lake abuts with the danube river .
the new 1990s focus covered an area of 1,0001,500 km situated on 500800 m altitude adjacent to moun... | introductionoutbreaks of the zoonotic disease tularemia occurred in north - east bulgaria in the 1960s . then came 30 years of epidemiological silence until new outbreaks occurred in west bulgaria in the 1990s . to investigate how bacterial strains of francisella tularensis causing tularemia in wildlife and humans in ... | Materials and methods
Tularemia outbreaks
Tularemia outbreak strains
DNA preparation
Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis
Typing and design of four new SNP assays for clades that include Bulgarian isolates
Results and discussion
Genetic diversity and persistence of tularemia in Bulgaria
Assays for Bulgarian spe... | the genetic distance between strains l2 and 81 ( orange dots ) comprised five snps in 33 years . b. the genetic distance between strain 94 from ussr and strain 19c from srebarna ( yellow dots ) comprised two snps in 5 years . c. there was an accumulation of > 20 snps between the srebarna 19 from the old focus and l1 , ... | [
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1... | the new 1990s focus covered an area of 1,0001,500 km situated on 500800 m altitude adjacent to mountains and the capital of sofia ( fig . b. the genetic distance between strain 94 from ussr and strain 19c from srebarna ( yellow dots ) comprised two snps in 5 years . c. there was an accumulation of > 20 snps between the... |
why are some human genetic diseases so common ? we expect natural selection to favour the alleles of genes that confer health and hinder alleles of genes that confer disease .
yet , there are a glut of genetically based human diseases , behavioural syndromes , and birth defects that occur at relatively high frequencies... | many birth defects and genetic diseases are expressed in individuals that do not carry the disease causing alleles . genetic diseases observed in offspring can be caused by gene expression in mothers and by interactions between gene expression in mothers and offspring .
it is not clear whether the underlying pattern... | 1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion | why are some human genetic diseases so common ? we expect natural selection to favour the alleles of genes that confer health and hinder alleles of genes that confer disease . yet , there are a glut of genetically based human diseases , behavioural syndromes , and birth defects that occur at relatively high frequencies... | [
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1... | this can either happen through maternal genetic effects , whereby the genotype of mothers influences trait expression in offspring , or through maternal - zygotic epistasis , whereby the phenotype of an offspring is dependent on the interaction between genes in the maternal genome and genes in the offspring genome [ 7 ... |
rna interference ( rnai ) achieved by double - stranded rna ( dsrna ) mediated sequence - specific breakdown of the mrna ( fire et al , 1998 ; montgomery and fire , 1998 ; elbashir et al , 2001a ) .
it is an evolutionarily conserved phenomenon initially characterized in c. elegans and drosophila , but also occurs in pl... | application of sirna in high - throughput fashion is still in its early phase although the principle has been established for three years . in this review ,
we outline the different vector - based sirna delivery platforms as well as resources that are becoming available for high - throughput applications , and some ... | INTRODUCTION
Methods for generating siRNAs
siRNA production by pol III promoters
siRNA production by other promoters
Construction of siRNA libraries
siRNA libraries with degenerated sequences
Functional screening using different siRNA libraries
CONCLUSIONS | mechanistic studies have indicated that the effector molecules of the rnai process is not the long dsrna itself , but a family of short double - stranded rna fragments ( 19 - 21 base pairs in length ) derived through cleavage of the long dsrna by rnase iii enzyme(s ) ( elbashir et al , 2001b ) . the short double - stra... | [
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1... | mechanistic studies have indicated that the effector molecules of the rnai process is not the long dsrna itself , but a family of short double - stranded rna fragments ( 19 - 21 base pairs in length ) derived through cleavage of the long dsrna by rnase iii enzyme(s ) ( elbashir et al , 2001b ) . the long dsrna can not ... |
epidemic keratoconjunctivitis ( ekc ) is an acute infection of the eye caused by adenovirus , of which several different types have been implicated .
common manifestations of this infection include inflammation of the conjunctivae , edema of the eyelid , pain , photophobia , and blurred vision .
transmission may occur ... | epidemic keratoconjunctivitis ( ekc ) is an acute eye infection caused by adenovirus .
we investigated an outbreak of ekc at an outpatient ophthalmology practice in the context of a suspected community wide increase in ekc activity .
a site visit was made to the facility reporting the outbreak .
a line list was ... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
Investigation of practice A
Survey of outpatient ophthalmology clinics
Results
Investigation of practice A
Survey of outpatient clinics in the community
Discussion | epidemic keratoconjunctivitis ( ekc ) is an acute infection of the eye caused by adenovirus , of which several different types have been implicated . common manifestations of this infection include inflammation of the conjunctivae , edema of the eyelid , pain , photophobia , and blurred vision . the incubation period c... | [
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0... | epidemic keratoconjunctivitis ( ekc ) is an acute infection of the eye caused by adenovirus , of which several different types have been implicated . common manifestations of this infection include inflammation of the conjunctivae , edema of the eyelid , pain , photophobia , and blurred vision . the incubation period c... |
the study was performed between 27 september 2004 and 13 september 2007 at three study sites , in sweden , finland , and the netherlands . in total , 69 patients were randomly assigned using a permutated block randomization scheme stratified by site and screening a1c to receive exenatide or insulin glargine , in additi... | objectivetraditional blood glucose lowering agents do not sustain adequate glycemic control in most type 2 diabetic patients .
preclinical studies with exenatide have suggested sustained improvements in -cell function .
we investigated the effects of 52 weeks of treatment with exenatide or insulin glargine follow... | RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Study end points
Statistical analysis
RESULTS
Patient disposition and baseline clinical characteristics
A1C and fasting plasma glucose
Body weight and insulin sensitivity
Hyperglycemic clampderived measures of -cell function
Adverse effects and tolerability
CONCLUSIONS
Supplementary Material | in total , 69 patients were randomly assigned using a permutated block randomization scheme stratified by site and screening a1c to receive exenatide or insulin glargine , in addition to ongoing metformin treatment ( fig . no other blood glucose lowering agents were allowed within 3 months before screening . patients ... | [
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1... | in total , 69 patients were randomly assigned using a permutated block randomization scheme stratified by site and screening a1c to receive exenatide or insulin glargine , in addition to ongoing metformin treatment ( fig . patients were instructed to increase the daily dose based on their fasting self - monitored blood... |
amongst adult patients with medically intractable epilepsy , focal epilepsy from a temporal lobe focus represents the largest single etiology [ 14 ] .
while only a small percentage ( < 25% ) among patients operated for temporal lobe epilepsy ( tle ) are in the pediatric age group , it is well documented that most adu... | temporal lobe epilepsy represents the largest group of patients with treatment resistant / medically intractable epilepsy undergoing epilepsy surgery .
the underpinnings of common forms of tle in many instances begin in early life with the occurrence of an initial precipitating event .
the first epileptic seizure ... | 1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions and Future Directions | amongst adult patients with medically intractable epilepsy , focal epilepsy from a temporal lobe focus represents the largest single etiology [ 14 ] . while only a small percentage ( < 25% ) among patients operated for temporal lobe epilepsy ( tle ) are in the pediatric age group , it is well documented that most adu... | [
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1... | amongst adult patients with medically intractable epilepsy , focal epilepsy from a temporal lobe focus represents the largest single etiology [ 14 ] . while only a small percentage ( < 25% ) among patients operated for temporal lobe epilepsy ( tle ) are in the pediatric age group , it is well documented that most adu... |
there are several histological types of thyroid cancer , including papillary thyroid carcinoma ( ptc ) , follicular thyroid carcinoma ( ftc ) , medullary thyroid carcinoma ( mtc ) , and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma ( atc ) . determining the type of thyroid cancer is crucial for the assessment of prognosis and treatment... | thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with four major types distinguished on the basis of histopathological features : papillary , follicular , medullary , and anaplastic .
classification of thyroid cancer is the primary step in the assessment of prognosis and selection of the treatment .
however ... | 1. Introduction
2. Dilemmas in Thyroid Cancers Diagnosis
3.
4. Cancer Metabolism
5. Methods of Metabolomics
6. Metabolomics in the Studies on Thyroid Cancer
7. Conclusions | there are several histological types of thyroid cancer , including papillary thyroid carcinoma ( ptc ) , follicular thyroid carcinoma ( ftc ) , medullary thyroid carcinoma ( mtc ) , and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma ( atc ) . determining the type of thyroid cancer is crucial for the assessment of prognosis and treatment... | [
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0... | there are several histological types of thyroid cancer , including papillary thyroid carcinoma ( ptc ) , follicular thyroid carcinoma ( ftc ) , medullary thyroid carcinoma ( mtc ) , and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma ( atc ) . determining the type of thyroid cancer is crucial for the assessment of prognosis and treatment... |
considerable improvements in health care during the course of the last century have led to unprecedented increases in current life expectancies
. however , longevity continues to favor women and as a consequence chinese and australian national health policies recognize the need to address male health in aging .
while i... | interest surrounds the role of sex - hormones in regulating brain function outside of reproductive behaviour . declining androgen production in aging males
has been associated with cognitive impairment , depression and increased risk of developing alzheimer 's disease .
indication for testosterone replacement ther... | INTRODUCTION
ANDROGEN PRODUCTION DURING MALE AGING
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT WITH ADVANCING AGE
ANDROGENS AND HIPPOCAMPAL PLASTICITY AND FUNCTION
ANDROGENS AND THE REGULATION OF ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS
ANDROGEN RECEPTOR-MEDIATED EFFECTS ON ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS
EFFECTS OF TESTOSTERONE THERAPY ON COGNITION IN... | however , longevity continues to favor women and as a consequence chinese and australian national health policies recognize the need to address male health in aging . several areas of male health decline with age with increasing incidence of impaired spatial ability and depression being significant barriers to mental h... | [
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1... | considerable improvements in health care during the course of the last century have led to unprecedented increases in current life expectancies
. however , longevity continues to favor women and as a consequence chinese and australian national health policies recognize the need to address male health in aging . while i... |
pneumonia more frequently afflicts patients aged 65 years , with an incidence that increases proportionally with increasing age .
it was estimated that 1 in 20 persons aged 85 years experiences a new community - acquired pneumonia ( cap ) episode each year .
several factors such as comorbidities , nutritional status ,... | community - acquired pneumonia ( cap ) remains a common cause of morbidity and a potentially life - threatening illness throughout the world mainly in elderly patients .
initial antibacterial treatment , usually empirical , should be as effective as possible in order to assure rapid clinical resolution and reduce hi... | Introduction
CAP in the elderly
Moxifloxacin: a respiratory quinolone
Clinical efficacy of moxifloxacin in CAP
Safety considerations
Conclusion | it was estimated that 1 in 20 persons aged 85 years experiences a new community - acquired pneumonia ( cap ) episode each year . appropriate and timely antibiotic treatment is required for elderly patients in order to enhance the likelihood of a good clinical outcome . patients requiring hospital admission for treatme... | [
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0... | additionally , hospitalization , required in approximately 40% of episodes among elderly persons , is associated with a high risk of readmission within the following year and with high mortality rates ( 40% ) ( janssens 2005 ; schmidt - ioanas and lode 2006 ) . beta - lactam antibiotics have been commonly prescribed ov... |
epigenetic aberrations have been well established in cancer1 , 2 and occur in several other diseases including diabetes3 , lupus4 , asthma5 and a variety of neurological disorders2 , 6 , 7,8 ( table 1 and references within ) . in cancer , there is a global loss of dna methylation ( hypomethylation ) , particularly in g... | epigenetic modifications work with genetic mechanisms to determine transcriptional activity and , while somatically heritable they are also reversible , making them good therapeutic candidates .
epigenetic changes can precede disease pathology and thus are diagnostic indicators for risk , and can act as prognostic i... | Epigenetic Disease Mechanisms
DNA Methylation
Histone Modifications
microRNAs
Combined Epigenetic Therapies
Epigenetic and Cytotoxic Therapies
Conclusions/Perspective | epigenetic aberrations have been well established in cancer1 , 2 and occur in several other diseases including diabetes3 , lupus4 , asthma5 and a variety of neurological disorders2 , 6 , 7,8 ( table 1 and references within ) . in cancer , there is a global loss of dna methylation ( hypomethylation ) , particularly in g... | [
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0... | epigenetic aberrations have been well established in cancer1 , 2 and occur in several other diseases including diabetes3 , lupus4 , asthma5 and a variety of neurological disorders2 , 6 , 7,8 ( table 1 and references within ) . in cancer , there is a global loss of dna methylation ( hypomethylation ) , particularly in g... |
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is the leading cause of blindness in patients over the age of 65 years in industrialized nations .
most affected patients ( approximately 90% ) have dry or nonexudative amd , characterized by drusen and retinal pigment epithelium ( rpe ) mottling , hyperplasia , and atrophy , ... | age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) has become a major public health problem and a leading cause of blindness in industrialized nations .
amd results from the ageing eye s inability to metabolize and dispose completely of photoreceptor outer segments and other waste products . as a result ,
lipids , particu... | Introduction
Pathophysiology of AMD
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Aflibercept biochemistry and pharmacokinetics
Preclinical and clinical studies
Place in therapy
Conclusion | age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is the leading cause of blindness in patients over the age of 65 years in industrialized nations . most affected patients ( approximately 90% ) have dry or nonexudative amd , characterized by drusen and retinal pigment epithelium ( rpe ) mottling , hyperplasia , and atrophy , ... | [
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0... | most affected patients ( approximately 90% ) have dry or nonexudative amd , characterized by drusen and retinal pigment epithelium ( rpe ) mottling , hyperplasia , and atrophy , but most cases of blindness ( approximately 90% ) are due to wet or exudative amd , which is characterized by the growth of choroidal neovascu... |
this paper explores the adaptive comfort model and its relationship to phenotypic ( within a life time ) adaptation .
it goes hand in hand with notions of how to determine and facilitate the attainment of desirable environmental conditions , some of which are yet to be defined ; others that need re - evaluation .
the... | whole person adaptive comfort is discussed with reference to recent findings in molecular scale systems biology .
the observations are upscaled to hypotheses relating to less traditional interpretations of thermal processes , which have new implications for indoor climate management and design .
arguments are pr... | Introduction: adaptive comfort model
Developments in cognate fields
The genome regulator
TRP neural signals
Shock proteins
Acclimatization and transduction
An adaptability model
Conclusion | this paper explores the adaptive comfort model and its relationship to phenotypic ( within a life time ) adaptation . it goes hand in hand with notions of how to determine and facilitate the attainment of desirable environmental conditions , some of which are yet to be defined ; others that need re - evaluation . the... | [
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0... | it goes hand in hand with notions of how to determine and facilitate the attainment of desirable environmental conditions , some of which are yet to be defined ; others that need re - evaluation . the architecturally oriented reader is invited to regard the present paper as an extension of downloadable material by auli... |
a woman 's preconception and pregnancy experience with the two most prevalent diseases of the mouth periodontal disease and dental caries not only influences her own oral health status but also may increase her risk of other diseases such as atherosclerosis [ 14 ] , rheumatoid arthritis , and diabetes , impact pregna... | the mouth is an obvious portal of entry to the body , and oral health reflects and influences general health and well being .
maternal oral health has significant implications for birth outcomes and infant oral health . maternal periodontal disease ,
that is , a chronic infection of the gingiva and supporting toot... | Introduction
Is maternal oral health linked to pregnancy outcome?
Preterm birth
Other adverse pregnancy outcomes
Is maternal oral health linked to children's experience with tooth decay?
Is preconception preventive oral health care the answer?
Access to oral health care during pregnancy
Conclusions and future direction... | a woman 's preconception and pregnancy experience with the two most prevalent diseases of the mouth periodontal disease and dental caries not only influences her own oral health status but also may increase her risk of other diseases such as atherosclerosis [ 14 ] , rheumatoid arthritis , and diabetes , impact pregna... | [
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1... | a woman 's preconception and pregnancy experience with the two most prevalent diseases of the mouth periodontal disease and dental caries not only influences her own oral health status but also may increase her risk of other diseases such as atherosclerosis [ 14 ] , rheumatoid arthritis , and diabetes , impact pregna... |
a hypertrophic scar is one of the fibrotic diseases , arising from fibroproliferation disorder which occurs after the damage of deep dermis by burns or trauma .
patients with hypertrophic scar often suffer from difficulties in daily life and psycho - social dysfunction .
the main pathological characteristics of the hyp... | background : hypertrophic scar is one of the most common complications and often causes the disfigurement or deformity in burn or trauma patients .
therapeutic methods on hypertrophic scar treatment have limitations due to the poor understanding of mechanisms of hypertrophic scar formation
. to throw light on the ... | I
M
Clinical specimens
Patient groups
Immunohistochemistry study
Western blot analysis
Morphometric analysis of eukaryotic initiation factor 6 in hypertrophic scar and normal skin tissues
Statistical analysis
R
Demography of the hypertrophic scar patients
Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 expression was morphologically ab... | a hypertrophic scar is one of the fibrotic diseases , arising from fibroproliferation disorder which occurs after the damage of deep dermis by burns or trauma . patients with hypertrophic scar often suffer from difficulties in daily life and psycho - social dysfunction . the main pathological characteristics of the hyp... | [
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0... | a hypertrophic scar is one of the fibrotic diseases , arising from fibroproliferation disorder which occurs after the damage of deep dermis by burns or trauma . the main pathological characteristics of the hypertrophic scar are an overproduction of extracellular matrix ( ecm ) and collagens . due to
the severe function... |
soccer is the most popular sport consisting of exercise periods of high intensity
interspersed between exercise periods of low intensity and involves activities that require
numerous eccentric actions1,2,3 .
participation in
the unaccustomed or increased intensity and duration of eccentrically biased exercise oft... | [ purpose ] the present study aimed to determine the changes in physical and balance
performance following exercise - induced muscle damage using a sport - specific protocol .
[ subjects and methods ] fifteen collegiate soccer players were asked to perform a
sport - specific sprint protocol to induce muscle da... | INTRODUCTION
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION | this temporary cellular damage occurring in
the skeletal muscle after unaccustomed exercises is called exercise induced muscle damage
( eimd)7 which is characterized by the
disruption of contractile and non - contractile proteins with the decomposition of
sarcolemma8 , increased concentration of
muscle protei... | [
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1... | participation in
the unaccustomed or increased intensity and duration of eccentrically biased exercise often
results in ultra - structural damage to skeletal muscle in both novel and elite athletes4,5,6 . this temporary cellular damage occurring in
the skeletal muscle after unaccustomed exercises is called exerci... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s13353 - 012 - 0127 - 8 ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
preharvest sprouting ( phs ) is a major factor negatively affecting the quality of crops in years with high precipitation during a period of grain maturation .
consequent... | significant differences in the two - dimensional electrophoresis patterns of proteins from developing rye grain were found to be associated with resistance and susceptibility to preharvest sprouting ( phs ) .
mass spectrometry of individual spots showing different abundance in phs - resistant and phs - susceptible l... | Electronic supplementary material
Introduction
Materials and methods
Results
Discussion
Electronic supplementary material | the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s13353 - 012 - 0127 - 8 ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users . preharvest sprouting ( phs ) is a major factor negatively affecting the quality of crops in years with high precipitation during a period of grain maturation . consequent... | [
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0... | genomic studies carried out in major cereal species lead to the conclusion that phs and dormancy have a complex genetic basis , with numerous quantitative trait loci ( qtl ) distributed across the majority of chromosomes ( gale et al . phs - related genes , even if they are clustered with other loci , may be identified... |
surgeon general 's report on oral health published in may 2000 , dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease .
in addition , most ( 75%80% ) of the caries in children in this country occur in a small segment of the population ( 20%25% ) , and this problem is particularly prevalent in minorities and imm... |
objectives . dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease , with numerous identified risk factors .
risk factor differences could indicate the need to target caregiver / patient education / preventive care intervention strategies based on population and/or individual characteristics .
the purpose o... | 1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
Questionnaire | surgeon general 's report on oral health published in may 2000 , dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease . in addition , most ( 75%80% ) of the caries in children in this country occur in a small segment of the population ( 20%25% ) , and this problem is particularly prevalent in minorities and immig... | [
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1... | in addition , most ( 75%80% ) of the caries in children in this country occur in a small segment of the population ( 20%25% ) , and this problem is particularly prevalent in minorities and immigrants and lower - income children . additionally , the cultural , and behavioral determinants of disease and the barriers to a... |
nigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios ( mmr ) in the world . between 2010 - 2012 , the world health organization ( who ) estimated that the country has an mmr of 630 per 100,000 live births .
this figure indicates that the country only surpassed war torned and or politically unstable countries like s... | objective : in nigeria , wide disparities exist between the different parts of the country , with the states in the north east zone having poor health resources .
the objective of this study is to assess whether women s biological , sociocultural , and economic characteristics are associated with utilization of ante... | Background and Objective
Methodology
Results
Descriptive
Biological characteristics of respondents
Cultural characteristics of respondents
Economic characteristics of respondents
Respondents health system characteristics
Results of bivariate and logistic regression analysis
Predictive model on the utilization of ANC se... | nigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios ( mmr ) in the world . this figure indicates that the country only surpassed war torned and or politically unstable countries like sierra leone ( 890 per 100,000 ) , liberia ( 777 per100 , 000 ) and chad ( 1,100 per 100,000 ) live births respectively
. for exampl... | [
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1... | nigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios ( mmr ) in the world . between 2010 - 2012 , the world health organization ( who ) estimated that the country has an mmr of 630 per 100,000 live births . this national average does not reveal the disparities that exist within and between the six geopolitical zone... |
nanotechnology has the potential to create new materials and devices with wide - ranging applications in medicine,13 agriculture,4 and energy or electronic production.5,6 the size - dependent optical , electrical , and magnetic properties of nanoparticles make nanotechnology a promising candidate for bioapplications su... | the latest development of protein engineering allows the production of proteins having desired properties and large potential markets , but the clinical advances of therapeutical proteins are still limited by their fragility .
nanotechnology could provide optimal vectors able to protect from degradation therapeutica... | Introduction and background
Nanoparticleprotein absorption, bioconjugation, and encapsulation
Absorption of proteins on nanoparticles surface
Bioconjugation of proteins on nanoparticle surfaces
Protein encapsulation
Conclusion | among several medical applications ,
nanoparticles could be largely employed as carriers of therapeutical biomolecules.10 the combination of nanoparticles with biomolecules such as proteins or specific polypeptides offers opportunities for the design of very precise and versatile hybrid systems mostly useful in helping... | [
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0... | nanotechnology has the potential to create new materials and devices with wide - ranging applications in medicine,13 agriculture,4 and energy or electronic production.5,6 the size - dependent optical , electrical , and magnetic properties of nanoparticles make nanotechnology a promising candidate for bioapplications su... |
the study group consisted of 50 children born very preterm ( i.e. , gestational age 30 weeks , established by weeks and days after the mother s last menstrual period ) , and 50 controls .
for the purposes of the current study , our very preterm sample was consecutively and randomly acquired from the total population o... | we examined whether very preterm ( 30 weeks gestation ) children at early school age have impairments in executive function ( ef ) independent of iq and processing speed , and whether demographic and neonatal risk factors were associated with ef impairments . a consecutive sample of 50 children ( 27 boys and 23 girls... | Method
Participants
Measures
Procedure
Statistical Analyses
Results
Discussion | the study group consisted of 50 children born very preterm ( i.e. , gestational age 30 weeks , established by weeks and days after the mother s last menstrual period ) , and 50 controls . our sample did not differ from the total population of very preterm survivors in terms of gender , (1 , 115 ) = 1.15 , p = 0.30... | [
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0... | for the purposes of the current study , our very preterm sample was consecutively and randomly acquired from the total population of very preterm survivors ( n = 276 ) born and admitted between 1998 - 1999 to the neonatal intensive care unit ( nicu ) of the sophia children s hospital rotterdam . our sample did not di... |
injury is a serious public health issue in canada . in addition to being the leading cause of death in the first four decades of life ,
injuries are estimated to cost the canadian healthcare system $ 10.7 billion in direct healthcare costs and the canadian economy $ 9.1 billion in indirect costs resulting from hospital... | backgroundevery year , injuries cost the canadian healthcare system billions of dollars and result in thousands of emergency room visits , hospitalisations and deaths . the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between neighbourhood socioeconomic status ( nses ) and the rates of all - cause , unintenti... | Background
Methods
Study region
Data
Rate of severe injury
Neighbourhood socioeconomic status
Covariates
Descriptive statistics and exploratory spatial data analysis
Modelling the NSES-injury relationship
Results
GWR results
Discussion
Conclusion | in addition to being the leading cause of death in the first four decades of life ,
injuries are estimated to cost the canadian healthcare system $ 10.7 billion in direct healthcare costs and the canadian economy $ 9.1 billion in indirect costs resulting from hospitalisation , disability and premature death.1 every yea... | [
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1... | in addition to being the leading cause of death in the first four decades of life ,
injuries are estimated to cost the canadian healthcare system $ 10.7 billion in direct healthcare costs and the canadian economy $ 9.1 billion in indirect costs resulting from hospitalisation , disability and premature death.1 every yea... |
polychlorinated biphenyls
( pcbs ) are a class of industrial chemicals
and unintentional byproducts of industrial processes banned under
the stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants .
pcbs remain
an environmental and human health concern because of their ongoing ,
inadvertent production , their e... | chiral polychlorinated biphenyls
( pcbs ) display variable atropisomeric
enrichment in wildlife and animal models , especially at higher trophic
levels .
these differences in pcbs chiral signatures are , at
least in part , due to species - dependent oxidation of pcbs to hydroxylated
pcb metabolites ( oh - ... | Introduction
Experimental
Section
Results
Discussion | polychlorinated biphenyls
( pcbs ) are a class of industrial chemicals
and unintentional byproducts of industrial processes banned under
the stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants . pcbs remain
an environmental and human health concern because of their ongoing ,
inadvertent production , their e... | [
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0... | pcbs remain
an environmental and human health concern because of their ongoing ,
inadvertent production , their environmental persistence , and the presence
of pcbs in the environment , diet , and in human serum and tissues . chiral pcb congeners , in particular congeners with a 2,3,6 substitution
pattern in on... |
noninfectious uveitis patients and healthy controls were recruited from the national eye institute ( nei ) clinic and the national institutes of health ( nih ) clinical center blood bank , respectively .
patients with infectious uveitis or systemic disease lacking ocular involvement were excluded from this study .
heal... | purposeto test the association between elevated proportions of cd1c+ myeloid dendritic cells ( mdcs ) and disease activation / reactivation in noninfectious uveitis.methodsnoninfectious uveitis patients ( n = 89 ) and healthy controls ( n = 111 ) were recruited .
the proportion of cd1c+ mdcs in the total dendritic c... | Materials and Methods
Study Design
Clinical Evaluation
CD1c
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) Assay
Statistical Analysis
Results
Study Participant Characteristics
CD1c
Elevated CD1c
Elevated CD1c
Dynamic Proportions of CD1c
Elevated CD1c
Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells With Low CD1c
Discussion | noninfectious uveitis patients and healthy controls were recruited from the national eye institute ( nei ) clinic and the national institutes of health ( nih ) clinical center blood bank , respectively . disease activity was assessed by the treating physicians and reported according to the standardization of uveitis n... | [
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1... | healthy controls were required to be nonpregnant ( if female ) with no history of heart , lung , kidney , or hematologic diseases and no history of intravenous injection drug use , high - risk activity , or experimental drug use in order to donate blood to the blood bank . for the purpose of this study we categorized a... |
the snf2 protein was originally identified as a result of genetic screens for genes involved in regulating mating type switching ( swi ) and sucrose fermentation ( sucrose non - fermenting ) .
it was subsequently found to be the catalytic subunit of the multi - subunit swi / snf complex that acts to alter chromatin str... | proteins with sequence similarity to the yeast snf2 protein form a large family of atpases that act to alter the structure of a diverse range of dna protein structures including chromatin .
snf2 family enzymes are related in sequence to dexx box helicases , yet they do not possess helicase activity .
recent bioch... | PRIMARY SEQUENCE PROPERTIES OF THE SNF2 FAMILY
BIOCHEMICAL ACTIVITIES OF SNF2 PROTEINS
REVIEW OF HELICASE STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM
THE STRUCTURE OF THE SNF2 ATPASE DOMAIN
UNIFIED MECHANISM FOR SNF2 ENZYMES AND DEXX BOX HELICASES
HOW DO REMODELLING MACHINES WORK?
CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK
Figures and Tables | the snf2 protein was originally identified as a result of genetic screens for genes involved in regulating mating type switching ( swi ) and sucrose fermentation ( sucrose non - fermenting ) . it was subsequently found to be the catalytic subunit of the multi - subunit swi / snf complex that acts to alter chromatin str... | [
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1... | the snf2 protein was originally identified as a result of genetic screens for genes involved in regulating mating type switching ( swi ) and sucrose fermentation ( sucrose non - fermenting ) . the common feature of all such snf2 family proteins is a region of sequence similarity that includes seven helicase - related s... |
the
purity of new tested compounds was determined
to be 95% by analytical hplc .
hplc analyses were carried out
on a waters 2695 alliance module equipped with a waters 2996 photodiode
array detector ( 210350 nm ) .
the chromatographic system consisted
of a hichrom guard column for hplc and a phenomenex synerg... | adenosine
5-diphosphoribose ( adpr ) activates trpm2 , a ca2 + , na+ , and k+ permeable cation channel .
activation is induced by adpr binding to the cytosolic c - terminal
nudt9-homology domain . to generate the first structure
activity
relationship , systematically modified adpr analogues were designed ... | Experimental Section
Synthesis of 8-Modified ADPR Analogues
Synthesis of Purine Modified ADPR Analogues
Synthesis
of Adenosine Ribose Modified ADPR Analogues
Synthesis of Pyrophosphate Modified ADPR
Analogues
Synthesis of Squarate Analogues:
Adenosine Squaryl (
Synthesis of
Click Analogue: 8-Phenyladenosine-1,4-Triazol... | cesium carbonate
( 0.24 mmol , 2.9 equiv ) was added in one portion to a stirred solution
of the corresponding boronic acid ( 0.103 mmol , 1.2 equiv ) , palladium
acetate ( 0.004 mmol , 0.05 equiv ) , tppts ( 0.02 mmol , 0.24 equiv ) , and
8-br - adpr ( tea salt , 0.0823 mmol ) in degassed mecn h2o ( 1:2 v / v... | [
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0... | cesium carbonate
( 0.24 mmol , 2.9 equiv ) was added in one portion to a stirred solution
of the corresponding boronic acid ( 0.103 mmol , 1.2 equiv ) , palladium
acetate ( 0.004 mmol , 0.05 equiv ) , tppts ( 0.02 mmol , 0.24 equiv ) , and
8-br - adpr ( tea salt , 0.0823 mmol ) in degassed mecn h2o ( 1:2 v / v... |
one
of the most important challenges many societies are currently
facing is the supply of fuel for their increasing energy needs .
the extensive use of fossil fuels during the past century is reaching
its limits , mostly because of the deleterious effects their combustion
is causing to the environment . in this... | the
reduction of protons into dihydrogen is important because of
its potential use in a wide range of energy applications .
the preparation
of efficient and cheap catalysts for this reaction is one of the issues
that need to be tackled to allow the widespread use of hydrogen as
an energy carrier . in this ... | Introduction
Experimental Section
Results
Discussion
Conclusion | among various solutions ,
solar light is very important , because of its accessibility in most
parts of the globe and the power it delivers on the surface of the
earth . in particular ,
some of us have reported on the preparation of electrodeposited amorphous
mosx thin films that are catalytically
active fo... | [
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1... | among various solutions ,
solar light is very important , because of its accessibility in most
parts of the globe and the power it delivers on the surface of the
earth . a class of compounds that meets both the technical and economical
requirements of large - scale hydrogen production is molybdenum sulfides
(... |
atherothrombosis subsequent to plaque rupture or erosion with prominent features of inflammation constitutes the underlying pathophysiology in patients with acute coronary syndromes ( acs ) .
however , its triggers remain poorly understood and not all rupture - prone plaques culminate in atherothrombosis .
we have prev... | aimsregulatory t cells ( treg ) exert anti - inflammatory and atheroprotective effects in experimental atherosclerosis .
treg can be induced against specific antigens using immunization strategies associated with clonal restriction .
no data exist on treg in combination with clonal restriction of t cells in patien... | Introduction
Methods
Characteristics of patients and healthy subjects
Analyses of blood and coronary thrombi
Analysis of T cell receptor diversity
Flow cytometry
Statistical analysis
Results
Clinical characteristics of patients with acute coronary syndromes and healthy subjects
Increased Treg counts in coronary thrombi... | among t cell subsets , regulatory t cells ( treg )
exert atheroprotective effects and constitute an inherent anti - inflammatory component of adaptive immunity . the great variety of antigen specificities in the t cell receptor ( tcr ) repertoire is generated in the thymus by random recombination of separate inherited ... | [
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0... | we have previously identified monocytes / macrophages as the most abundant inflammatory cell type of innate immunity in coronary atherothrombosis , co - expressing toll - like receptor ( tlr)-4 . although less abundant in number , t cells orchestrate the antigen - specific ( adaptive ) immune response in atherogenesis ... |
amphotericin b is commonly the treatment of choice in invasive fungal infections ( ifis ) .
clinicians may choose among amphotericin b deoxycholate ( conventional amphotericin b [ cab ] ) or a number of lipid - based formulations ( lf - amb ) , such as liposomal amphotericin b and amphotericin b lipid complex .
many fa... | backgroundlipid - based formulations of amphotericin b ( lf - amb ) are indicated for treatment of invasive fungal infections in patients intolerant to conventional amphotericin b ( cab ) or with refractory infections .
physicians still may choose to administer cab to such patients .
we described the use of cab an... | Introduction and objectives
Methods
Study design and data source
Population selection
Study group definitions and other measures
Predicting initial exposure
Outcomes analysis
Nested variable analysis of mortality
Results
Patient and clinical characteristics
Predictors of LF-AMB initiation
Outcomes
Nested model analysis... | amphotericin b is commonly the treatment of choice in invasive fungal infections ( ifis ) . clinicians may choose among amphotericin b deoxycholate ( conventional amphotericin b [ cab ] ) or a number of lipid - based formulations ( lf - amb ) , such as liposomal amphotericin b and amphotericin b lipid complex . the ind... | [
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1... | clinicians may choose among amphotericin b deoxycholate ( conventional amphotericin b [ cab ] ) or a number of lipid - based formulations ( lf - amb ) , such as liposomal amphotericin b and amphotericin b lipid complex . many factors influence the treatment decision , including the patient s current clinical condition ... |
this study included a total of 77 patients with vd who were recruited at the department of vascular surgery , oslo university hospital , aker , oslo , norway .
they were scheduled for vascular surgery , including abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and carotid or femoral arterial endarterectomy .
clinical oral examination... | backgroundseveral studies have reported an association between chronic periodontitis ( cp ) and cardiovascular diseases .
detection of periodontopathogens , including red complex bacteria ( rcb ) , in vascular lesions has suggested these bacteria to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and abdominal ao... | Material and methods
Participants
Inclusion criteria
Sample collection and DNA extraction
PCR amplification of bacterial DNA
Cloning and sequencing
Data analysis of the sequences
Checkerboard DNADNA hybridization
Scanning electron microscopy
Statistical analyses
Results
Discussion
Conflict of interest and funding | vascular tissue biopsies and subgingival plaque samples were collected for extraction of genomic dna and checkerboard dna dna hybridization analysis , respectively . the vascular biopsies were collected under surgical treatment from the walls of aneurysms and during excision of intravascular plaques in carotid or comm... | [
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0... | the first group ( vd with cp , n=30 ) were patients undergoing treatment for vd and who were diagnosed with cp . the second group ( vd without cp , n=47 ) were patients undergoing treatment for vd and who were assessed without periodontitis . the patients in both groups were diagnosed and treated according to standard ... |
although many nongenetic factors , including age , concomitant therapy , drug interactions , and the nature of the disease , may influence the outcomes of medications , there are many inter - individual differences in drug response owing to the sequence variants of genes that encode drug - metabolizing enzymes , drug t... | purposedose - limiting toxicities of docetaxel are widely considered to be neutropenia , anemia , skin toxicity , and nausea .
one of the factors that limit the use of docetaxel is its unpredictability of inter - individual variation in toxicity.materials and methodsin order to identify the genetic factors that affe... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
1. Study subjects
2. Analysis of the
3. Statistical analysis
Results
1. Study subjects clinical characteristics
2. Association between polymorphisms of
3. Risks of toxicity between
4. Associations between genetic polymorphisms and tumor response in the 92 cancer patients
5. Multiva... | although many nongenetic factors , including age , concomitant therapy , drug interactions , and the nature of the disease , may influence the outcomes of medications , there are many inter - individual differences in drug response owing to the sequence variants of genes that encode drug - metabolizing enzymes , drug t... | [
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0... | although many nongenetic factors , including age , concomitant therapy , drug interactions , and the nature of the disease , may influence the outcomes of medications , there are many inter - individual differences in drug response owing to the sequence variants of genes that encode drug - metabolizing enzymes , drug t... |
thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ( t - opll ) causes severe myelopathy and may lead to permanent confinement to a wheelchair .
surgery is required in most cases and while many surgical procedures have been reported,1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 all carry a high risk of postoper... |
study design prospective clinical study .
objective posterior decompression and fusion surgery for beak - type thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ( t - opll ) generally has a favorable outcome .
however , some patients require additional surgery for postoperative severe paralysis , ... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
Patients and Outcomes
Surgical Indications and Procedures
Results
Discussion | thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ( t - opll ) causes severe myelopathy and may lead to permanent confinement to a wheelchair . decompression and instrumented fusion surgery for t - opll have recently been shown to have a favorable outcome.9
12
13 we have performed posterior decompression... | [
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0... | surgery is required in most cases and while many surgical procedures have been reported,1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 all carry a high risk of postoperative paralysis . decompression and instrumented fusion surgery for t - opll have recently been shown to have a favorable outcome.9
12
13 we have perfo... |
the association of childhood excess weight or childhood obesity with dyslipidemia was well documented ( 1 ) .
it is suggested that some metabolic disorders start early in life and can be further agrevated by other factors in the external environment .
researchers believe that genetic factors are important determinants ... | objective(s):this study aims to investigate joint association between cholesterol ester transfer protein ( cetp ) polymorphisms and body mass index ( bmi ) or birth weight with the risk of dyslipidemia in iranian children and adolescents.materials and methods : this study was conducted as a sub - study of the school ... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
None
Study population
Physical examination and biochemical measurements
Assessment of physical activity, diet and socioeconomic status
DNA extraction
Statistical analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusion | researchers believe that genetic factors are important determinants of plasma lipid levels in adults ; although , it is less clear in children and adolescents . one of the main proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism is cholesterol ester transfer protein ( cetp ) . two common polymorphisms of cetp gene are taq1b ( ... | [
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1... | thus , plasma cetp acts as an important protein in the lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and its polymorphisms may affect dyslipidemia and cvd ( 2 ) . a373p polymorphism is a guanine to cytosine mutation at codon 373 in exon 12 of cetp gene that is one of the most common snps , found in 15 % of asians and europeans . ho... |
recent advances in next - generation sequencing technologies facilitated genome - wide discoveries such as variant analysis , expression quantification , and copy number alteration ( cna ) analysis .
cnas are variations in the genome that result in either gain or loss of one or more copies of the dna segment .
the cnas... | the genome - wide discoveries such as detection of copy number alterations ( cna ) from high - throughput whole - genome sequencing data enabled new developments in personalized medicine .
the cnas have been reported to be associated with various diseases and cancers including acute myeloid leukemia .
however , th... | Introduction
Methods
Genome mappability
Whole-genome sequencing data
Detection of CNAs
Results
Discussion | recent advances in next - generation sequencing technologies facilitated genome - wide discoveries such as variant analysis , expression quantification , and copy number alteration ( cna ) analysis . cnas are variations in the genome that result in either gain or loss of one or more copies of the dna segment . the cnas... | [
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1... | recent advances in next - generation sequencing technologies facilitated genome - wide discoveries such as variant analysis , expression quantification , and copy number alteration ( cna ) analysis . cnas are variations in the genome that result in either gain or loss of one or more copies of the dna segment . the cnas... |
stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the developed world.1 , 2 in ischemic stroke , a blood clot ( thrombus ) leads to an area of brain experiencing a significant drop in cerebral blood flow , which can ultimately result in death of this hypoperfused tissue .
collateral blood flow gives rise to the ischem... | the cornerstone of acute ischemic stroke treatment relies on rapid clearance of an offending thrombus in the cerebrovascular system .
there are various drugs and different methods of assessment to select patients more likely to respond to treatment .
current clinical guidelines recommend the administration of intr... | Introduction
Thrombus formation and fibrinolysis
Thrombolytic drugs
Enhancing thrombolysis delivery | stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the developed world.1 , 2 in ischemic stroke , a blood clot ( thrombus ) leads to an area of brain experiencing a significant drop in cerebral blood flow , which can ultimately result in death of this hypoperfused tissue . collateral blood flow gives rise to the ischem... | [
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1... | stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the developed world.1 , 2 in ischemic stroke , a blood clot ( thrombus ) leads to an area of brain experiencing a significant drop in cerebral blood flow , which can ultimately result in death of this hypoperfused tissue . collateral blood flow gives rise to the ischem... |
it is required to tolerate intubation and other icu related procedures , to lie down in the same position for a long time , to prevent ventilator dysynchrony , for optimization of oxygenation and for patients safety .
attaining an optimal level of sedation is a challenging act for the icu clinician . both inadequate se... | background and objectives : patients on mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit ( icu ) are often uncomfortable because of anxiety , pain , and endotracheal intubation ; therefore , require sedation .
alpha-2 agonists are known to produce sedation . we compared clonidine and dexmedetomidine as sole agents for ... | Introduction
Materials and Methods
None
Patients
Study drugs
Monitoring
Protocol for sedation and analgesia
Statistical analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusion | attaining an optimal level of sedation is a challenging act for the icu clinician . the discovery that clonidine has an opioid sparing property and attenuated withdrawal symptoms , sparked further interest in the use of alpha - 2 ( 2 ) agonists as intravenous ( iv ) sedatives . a resurgence in the research of 2 agonist... | [
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1... | it is required to tolerate intubation and other icu related procedures , to lie down in the same position for a long time , to prevent ventilator dysynchrony , for optimization of oxygenation and for patients safety . many of the currently used agents have specific drawbacks that limit their practical utility along the... |
kawasaki disease ( kd ) is an acute systemic vasculitis occurring predominantly in children aged < 5 years.1 the main complication of this disease is the development of coronary artery aneurysm ( caa ) .
caa develops in 15% to 25% of untreated patients.2
kd is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in develope... | backgroundkawasaki disease ( kd ) is a pediatric vasculitis with coronary artery aneurysm ( caa ) as a major complication .
controversy exists about cardiovascular risk later in life .
the aim of our study was to evaluate whether kd patients are at increased risk , as assessed by carotid intimamedia thickness ( ci... | Introduction
Methods
Participants
Study Protocol
Measurements of cIMT
Statistics
Results
Carotid IntimaMedia Thickness
Additional and Post Hoc Analyses
Discussion
Study Limitations
Conclusion
Appendix: Dutch Kawasaki Study Group
Sources of Funding
Disclosures | kawasaki disease ( kd ) is an acute systemic vasculitis occurring predominantly in children aged < 5 years.1 the main complication of this disease is the development of coronary artery aneurysm ( caa ) . although controversial , this hypothesis was supported by abnormal myocardial perfusion , as shown by nuclear scint... | [
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0... | caa develops in 15% to 25% of untreated patients.2
kd is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries.3 standard treatment consists of a single administration of highdose intravenous immunoglobulins ( ivig ) and oral aspirin for 6 to 8 weeks . although controversial , this hypothesis was suppo... |
cone - beam computed tomography ( cbct ) has rapidly become a huge success in the dental radiographic world .
the first cbct was installed in sweden in 2002 , and in 2007 the first device was installed in norway . a multinational research project , sedentexct , supported by the seventh framework programme of the europe... | abstractobjectivescone - beam computed tomography in dentistry can be used in some countries by other dentists than specialists in radiology .
the frequency of buying cone - beam computed tomography to examine patients is rapidly growing , thus knowledge of how to use it is very important . the aim was to compare th... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIAL AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND DISCLOSURE STATEMENTS | cone - beam computed tomography ( cbct ) has rapidly become a huge success in the dental radiographic world . the first cbct was installed in sweden in 2002 , and in 2007 the first device was installed in norway . a multinational research project , sedentexct , supported by the seventh framework programme of the europe... | [
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1... | the first cbct was installed in sweden in 2002 , and in 2007 the first device was installed in norway . a multinational research project , sedentexct , supported by the seventh framework programme of the european atomic energy community ( euratom ) published guidelines for the use of cbct in 2012 . as a result , in cou... |
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