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2102.03211
Ion I. Cotaescu
Ion I. Cotaescu
Kinematics in spatially flat FLRW space-time
20 pages
null
10.1088/1674-1137/ac1576
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The kinematics on spatially flat FLRW space-times is presented for the first time in co-moving local charts with physical coordinates, i. e. the cosmic time and Painlev\' e-type Cartesian space coordinates. It is shown that there exists a conserved momentum which determines the form of the covariant four-momentum on geodesics in terms of physical coordinates. Moreover, with the help of the conserved momentum one identifies the peculiar momentum separating the peculiar and recessional motions without ambiguities. It is shown that the energy and peculiar momentum satisfy the mass-shell condition of special relativity while the recessional momentum does not produce energy. In this framework, the measurements of the kinetic quantities along geodesic performed by different observers are analysed pointing out an energy loss of the massive particles similar to that giving the photon redshift. The examples of the kinematics on the de Sitter expanding universe and a new Milne-type space-time are extensively analysed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Feb 2021 14:54:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-10-27
[ [ "Cotaescu", "Ion I.", "" ] ]
The kinematics on spatially flat FLRW space-times is presented for the first time in co-moving local charts with physical coordinates, i. e. the cosmic time and Painlev\' e-type Cartesian space coordinates. It is shown that there exists a conserved momentum which determines the form of the covariant four-momentum on geodesics in terms of physical coordinates. Moreover, with the help of the conserved momentum one identifies the peculiar momentum separating the peculiar and recessional motions without ambiguities. It is shown that the energy and peculiar momentum satisfy the mass-shell condition of special relativity while the recessional momentum does not produce energy. In this framework, the measurements of the kinetic quantities along geodesic performed by different observers are analysed pointing out an energy loss of the massive particles similar to that giving the photon redshift. The examples of the kinematics on the de Sitter expanding universe and a new Milne-type space-time are extensively analysed.
2306.11451
Javier Relancio
F. Mercati, J.J. Relancio
Relative Locality in curved spacetimes and event horizons
20 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the past decade, significant efforts have been devoted to the study of Relative Locality, which aims to generalize the kinematics of relativistic particles to a nonlocal framework by introducing a nontrivial geometry for momentum space. This paper builds upon a recent proposal to extend the theory to curved spacetimes and investigates the behavior of horizons in certain spacetimes with this nonlocality framework. Specifically, we examine whether nonlocality effects weaken or destroy the notion of horizon in these spacetimes. Our analysis indicates that, in the chosen models, the nonlocality effects do not disrupt the notion of horizon and that it remains as robust as it is in General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Jun 2023 11:09:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-06-21
[ [ "Mercati", "F.", "" ], [ "Relancio", "J. J.", "" ] ]
In the past decade, significant efforts have been devoted to the study of Relative Locality, which aims to generalize the kinematics of relativistic particles to a nonlocal framework by introducing a nontrivial geometry for momentum space. This paper builds upon a recent proposal to extend the theory to curved spacetimes and investigates the behavior of horizons in certain spacetimes with this nonlocality framework. Specifically, we examine whether nonlocality effects weaken or destroy the notion of horizon in these spacetimes. Our analysis indicates that, in the chosen models, the nonlocality effects do not disrupt the notion of horizon and that it remains as robust as it is in General Relativity.
2308.00302
Buddhadeb Ghosh
Abhijit Let, Arunoday Sarkar, Chitrak Sarkar and Buddhadeb Ghosh
Non-perturbative stabilization of two K\"ahler moduli in type-IIB/F theory and the inflaton potential
7 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables
2023 EPL 143 39001
10.1209/0295-5075/acec09
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider a combination of perturbative and non-perturbative corrections in K\"ahler moduli stabilizations in the configuration of three magnetised intersecting D7 branes in the type-IIB/F theory, compactified on the 6d T^6/Z_N orbifold of Calabi-Yau three-fold (CY_3). Two of the K\"ahler moduli are stabilized non-perturbatively, out of the three which get perturbative corrections up to one-loop-order multi-graviton scattering amplitudes in the large volume scenario. In this framework, the dS vacua are achieved through all K\"ahler moduli stabilizations by considering the D-term. We obtain inflaton potentials of slow-roll plateau-type, which are expected by recent cosmological observations. Calculations of cosmological parameters with the potentials yield experimentally favoured values.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Aug 2023 05:50:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-11
[ [ "Let", "Abhijit", "" ], [ "Sarkar", "Arunoday", "" ], [ "Sarkar", "Chitrak", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Buddhadeb", "" ] ]
We consider a combination of perturbative and non-perturbative corrections in K\"ahler moduli stabilizations in the configuration of three magnetised intersecting D7 branes in the type-IIB/F theory, compactified on the 6d T^6/Z_N orbifold of Calabi-Yau three-fold (CY_3). Two of the K\"ahler moduli are stabilized non-perturbatively, out of the three which get perturbative corrections up to one-loop-order multi-graviton scattering amplitudes in the large volume scenario. In this framework, the dS vacua are achieved through all K\"ahler moduli stabilizations by considering the D-term. We obtain inflaton potentials of slow-roll plateau-type, which are expected by recent cosmological observations. Calculations of cosmological parameters with the potentials yield experimentally favoured values.
2308.03926
Ali Kaya
Ali Kaya
Big-Bang is a Boundary Condition
v2: 16 pages, Revtex 4-1, to appear in Annals of Physics
null
10.1016/j.aop.2023.169526
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
There is a common expectation that the big-bang singularity must be resolved in quantum gravity but it is not clear how this can be achieved. A major obstacle here is the difficulty of interpreting wave-functions in quantum gravity. The standard quantum mechanical framework requires a notion of time evolution and a proper definition of an invariant inner product having a probability interpretation, both of which are seemingly problematic in quantum gravity. We show that these two issues can actually be solved by introducing the embedding coordinates as dynamical variables \`a la Isham and Kuchar. The extended theory is identical to general relativity but has a larger group of gauge symmetries. The Wheeler-DeWitt equations describe the change of the wave-function from one arbitrary spacelike slice to another, however the constraint algebra makes this evolution purely kinematical and furthermore enforces the wave-function to be constrained in the subspace of zero-energy states. An inner product can also be introduced having all the necessary requirements. In this formalism big-bang appears as a finite field space boundary on which certain boundary conditions must be imposed for mathematical consistency. We explicitly illustrate this point both in the full theory and in the minisuperspace approximation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Aug 2023 22:06:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Nov 2023 17:46:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-11-07
[ [ "Kaya", "Ali", "" ] ]
There is a common expectation that the big-bang singularity must be resolved in quantum gravity but it is not clear how this can be achieved. A major obstacle here is the difficulty of interpreting wave-functions in quantum gravity. The standard quantum mechanical framework requires a notion of time evolution and a proper definition of an invariant inner product having a probability interpretation, both of which are seemingly problematic in quantum gravity. We show that these two issues can actually be solved by introducing the embedding coordinates as dynamical variables \`a la Isham and Kuchar. The extended theory is identical to general relativity but has a larger group of gauge symmetries. The Wheeler-DeWitt equations describe the change of the wave-function from one arbitrary spacelike slice to another, however the constraint algebra makes this evolution purely kinematical and furthermore enforces the wave-function to be constrained in the subspace of zero-energy states. An inner product can also be introduced having all the necessary requirements. In this formalism big-bang appears as a finite field space boundary on which certain boundary conditions must be imposed for mathematical consistency. We explicitly illustrate this point both in the full theory and in the minisuperspace approximation.
0902.1664
David Garfinkle
David Garfinkle
Matters of Gravity, The Newsletter of the Topical Group in Gravitation of the American Physical Society, Volume 33, Winter 2009
13 pages, latex
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
GGR News: o GGR program at the APS meeting in Denver, by David Garfinkle o we hear that ..., by David Garfinkle o 400 years ago, by David Garfinkle Conference reports: o The 24th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, by Scott Hughes o Loop Quantum Cosmology Workshop, by Parampreet Singh
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Feb 2009 16:11:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-02-11
[ [ "Garfinkle", "David", "" ] ]
GGR News: o GGR program at the APS meeting in Denver, by David Garfinkle o we hear that ..., by David Garfinkle o 400 years ago, by David Garfinkle Conference reports: o The 24th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, by Scott Hughes o Loop Quantum Cosmology Workshop, by Parampreet Singh
1511.07935
Xin-Zhou Li
Chao-jun Feng, Fei-fei Ge, Xin-zhou Li, Rui-hui Lin and Xiang-hua Zhai
Towards realistic $f(T)$ models with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling extension
12 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. D 92 (2015) 104038
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.104038
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using the observation data of SNeIa, CMB and BAO, we establish two concrete $f(T)$ models with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling extension. We study in detail the cosmological implication of our models and find they are successful in describing the observation of the Universe, its large scale structure and evolution. In other words, these models do not change the successful aspects of $\Lambda$CDM scenario under the error band of fitting values as describing the evolution history of the Universe including radiation-dominated era, matter-dominated era and the present accelerating expansion. Meanwhile, the significant advantage of these models is that they could avoid the cosmological constant problem of $\Lambda$CDM. A joint analysis is performed by using the data of CMB+BAO+JLA, which leads to $\Omega_{m0}=0.255\pm 0.010, \Omega_{b0}h^2=0.0221\pm 0.0003$ and $H_0=68.54\pm 1.27$ for model I and $\Omega_{m0}=0.306\pm 0.010, \Omega_{b0}h^2=0.0225\pm 0.0003$ and $H_0=60.97\pm 0.44$ for model II at 1$\sigma$ confidence level. The evolution of the decelaration parameter $q(a)$ and the effective equation of state $w_{DE}(a)$ are displayed. Furthermore, The resulted age of the Universe from our models is consistent with the ages of the oldest globular clusters. As for the fate of the Universe, model I results in a de Sitter accelerating phase while model II appears a power-law one, even though $w_{DE0}< -1$ makes model I look like a phantom at present time.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Nov 2015 02:19:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-11-26
[ [ "Feng", "Chao-jun", "" ], [ "Ge", "Fei-fei", "" ], [ "Li", "Xin-zhou", "" ], [ "Lin", "Rui-hui", "" ], [ "Zhai", "Xiang-hua", "" ] ]
Using the observation data of SNeIa, CMB and BAO, we establish two concrete $f(T)$ models with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling extension. We study in detail the cosmological implication of our models and find they are successful in describing the observation of the Universe, its large scale structure and evolution. In other words, these models do not change the successful aspects of $\Lambda$CDM scenario under the error band of fitting values as describing the evolution history of the Universe including radiation-dominated era, matter-dominated era and the present accelerating expansion. Meanwhile, the significant advantage of these models is that they could avoid the cosmological constant problem of $\Lambda$CDM. A joint analysis is performed by using the data of CMB+BAO+JLA, which leads to $\Omega_{m0}=0.255\pm 0.010, \Omega_{b0}h^2=0.0221\pm 0.0003$ and $H_0=68.54\pm 1.27$ for model I and $\Omega_{m0}=0.306\pm 0.010, \Omega_{b0}h^2=0.0225\pm 0.0003$ and $H_0=60.97\pm 0.44$ for model II at 1$\sigma$ confidence level. The evolution of the decelaration parameter $q(a)$ and the effective equation of state $w_{DE}(a)$ are displayed. Furthermore, The resulted age of the Universe from our models is consistent with the ages of the oldest globular clusters. As for the fate of the Universe, model I results in a de Sitter accelerating phase while model II appears a power-law one, even though $w_{DE0}< -1$ makes model I look like a phantom at present time.
1112.5836
Mariam Bouhmadi-Lopez
Moulay-Hicham Belkacemi, Mariam Bouhmadi-Lopez, Ahmed Errahmani, and Taoufiq Ouali
The holographic induced gravity model with a Ricci dark energy: smoothing the little rip and big rip through Gauss-Bonnet effects?
11 pages, 8 figures. RevTex4-1. Comments and references added. Version accepted in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 85, 083503 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.85.083503
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present an holographic brane-world model of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) scenario with and without a Gauss-Bonnet term (GB) in the bulk. We show that an holographic dark energy component with the Ricci scale as the infra-red cutoff can describe the late-time acceleration of the universe. In addition, we show that the dimensionless holographic parameter is very important in characterising the DGP branches, and in determining the behaviour of the Ricci dark energy as well as the asymptotic behaviour of the brane. On the one hand, in the DGP scenario the Ricci dark energy will exhibit a phantom-like behaviour with no big rip if the holographic parameter is strictly larger than 1/2. For smaller values, the brane hits a big rip or a little rip. On the other hand, we have shown that the introduction of the GB term avoids the big rip and little rip singularities on both branches but cannot avoid the appearance of a big freeze singularity for some values of the holographic parameter on the normal branch, however, these values are very unlikely because they lead to a very negative equation of state at the present and therefore we can speak in practice of singularity avoidance. At this regard, the equation of state parameter of the Ricci dark energy plays a crucial role, even more important than the GB parameter, in rejecting the parameter space where future singularities appear.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Dec 2011 10:31:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Mar 2012 14:03:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-04-13
[ [ "Belkacemi", "Moulay-Hicham", "" ], [ "Bouhmadi-Lopez", "Mariam", "" ], [ "Errahmani", "Ahmed", "" ], [ "Ouali", "Taoufiq", "" ] ]
We present an holographic brane-world model of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) scenario with and without a Gauss-Bonnet term (GB) in the bulk. We show that an holographic dark energy component with the Ricci scale as the infra-red cutoff can describe the late-time acceleration of the universe. In addition, we show that the dimensionless holographic parameter is very important in characterising the DGP branches, and in determining the behaviour of the Ricci dark energy as well as the asymptotic behaviour of the brane. On the one hand, in the DGP scenario the Ricci dark energy will exhibit a phantom-like behaviour with no big rip if the holographic parameter is strictly larger than 1/2. For smaller values, the brane hits a big rip or a little rip. On the other hand, we have shown that the introduction of the GB term avoids the big rip and little rip singularities on both branches but cannot avoid the appearance of a big freeze singularity for some values of the holographic parameter on the normal branch, however, these values are very unlikely because they lead to a very negative equation of state at the present and therefore we can speak in practice of singularity avoidance. At this regard, the equation of state parameter of the Ricci dark energy plays a crucial role, even more important than the GB parameter, in rejecting the parameter space where future singularities appear.
2207.14423
Dicong Liang
Dicong Liang, Rui Xu, Xuchen Lu and Lijing Shao
Polarizations of Gravitational Waves in the Bumblebee Gravity Model
16 pages, no figures
Phys. Rev. D 106 (2022) 124019
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.124019
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Lorentz violation modifies the dispersion relation of gravitational waves (GWs), and induces birefringence and anisotropy in propagation. Our study shows that Lorentz violation can also activate multiple polarizations of GWs. We use the gauge invariants to investigate the polarizations of GWs in the bumblebee gravity model, and obtain the following results. (i) For a vector background $b^\mu$ with only a nonzero temporal component $b^t$, there are five independent propagating degrees of freedom (DOFs), which is simlar to the Einstein-aether theory. (ii) The presence of a spatial component in the background defines a preferred spatial direction which breaks rotational symmetry. We denote $\hat{\bf b}$ as the direction of the spatial part of the background and $b_s$ as its length. If GWs propagate along $\hat{\bf b}$, the polarization content is similar to the purely timelike case. (iii) If the propagation direction of GWs is separated by an angle $\beta$ to $\hat{\bf b}$, and $\beta=\arccos(b^t/b_s)$, there are only two tensor polarizations. (iv) If $\beta\neq \arccos(b^t/b_s)$, there are only two independent DOFs, and the vector and scalar modes degenerate with the tensor modes. The tensor perturbations can activate a mixture of all six polarizations simultaneously. Finally, we point out the difference in GWs between the bumblebee gravity model and the minimal Standard-Model Extension framework in the linearized regime. Current observations have placed stringent constraints on the anisotropy induced by the background, while our theoretical study still reveals some novel phenomena and provides more understanding about the interaction between the Lorentz-violating vector field and gravity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Jul 2022 01:01:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Nov 2022 14:07:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-12-20
[ [ "Liang", "Dicong", "" ], [ "Xu", "Rui", "" ], [ "Lu", "Xuchen", "" ], [ "Shao", "Lijing", "" ] ]
Lorentz violation modifies the dispersion relation of gravitational waves (GWs), and induces birefringence and anisotropy in propagation. Our study shows that Lorentz violation can also activate multiple polarizations of GWs. We use the gauge invariants to investigate the polarizations of GWs in the bumblebee gravity model, and obtain the following results. (i) For a vector background $b^\mu$ with only a nonzero temporal component $b^t$, there are five independent propagating degrees of freedom (DOFs), which is simlar to the Einstein-aether theory. (ii) The presence of a spatial component in the background defines a preferred spatial direction which breaks rotational symmetry. We denote $\hat{\bf b}$ as the direction of the spatial part of the background and $b_s$ as its length. If GWs propagate along $\hat{\bf b}$, the polarization content is similar to the purely timelike case. (iii) If the propagation direction of GWs is separated by an angle $\beta$ to $\hat{\bf b}$, and $\beta=\arccos(b^t/b_s)$, there are only two tensor polarizations. (iv) If $\beta\neq \arccos(b^t/b_s)$, there are only two independent DOFs, and the vector and scalar modes degenerate with the tensor modes. The tensor perturbations can activate a mixture of all six polarizations simultaneously. Finally, we point out the difference in GWs between the bumblebee gravity model and the minimal Standard-Model Extension framework in the linearized regime. Current observations have placed stringent constraints on the anisotropy induced by the background, while our theoretical study still reveals some novel phenomena and provides more understanding about the interaction between the Lorentz-violating vector field and gravity.
0901.3827
Belinch\'on Jos\'e Antonio
Jos\'e Antonio Belinch\'on
Bianchi II with time varying constants. Self-similar approach
10 pages. RevTeX4
Astrophys.Space Sci.323:185-195,2009
10.1007/s10509-009-0050-6
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study a perfect fluid Bianchi II models with time varying constants under the self-similarity approach. In the first of the studied model, we consider that only vary $G$ and $\Lambda.$ The obtained solution is more general that the obtained one for the classical solution since it is valid for an equation of state $\omega\in(-1,\infty) $ while in the classical solution $\omega\in(-1/3,1) .$ Taking into account the current observations, we conclude that $G$ must be a growing time function while $\Lambda$ is a positive decreasing function. In the second of the studied models we consider a variable speed of light (VSL). We obtain a similar solution as in the first model arriving to the conclusions that $c$ must be a growing time function if $\Lambda$ is a positive decreasing function.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Jan 2009 11:45:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-08-11
[ [ "Belinchón", "José Antonio", "" ] ]
We study a perfect fluid Bianchi II models with time varying constants under the self-similarity approach. In the first of the studied model, we consider that only vary $G$ and $\Lambda.$ The obtained solution is more general that the obtained one for the classical solution since it is valid for an equation of state $\omega\in(-1,\infty) $ while in the classical solution $\omega\in(-1/3,1) .$ Taking into account the current observations, we conclude that $G$ must be a growing time function while $\Lambda$ is a positive decreasing function. In the second of the studied models we consider a variable speed of light (VSL). We obtain a similar solution as in the first model arriving to the conclusions that $c$ must be a growing time function if $\Lambda$ is a positive decreasing function.
1712.04827
Luigi Pilo
Marco Celoria, Denis Comelli, Luigi Pilo
Self-gravitating $\Lambda$-media
17 pages+ 3 pdf figures. Expanded version published on JCAP
JCAP 1901 (2019) no.01, 057
10.1088/1475-7516/2019/01/057
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We address the question whether a medium featuring $p + \rho = 0$, dubbed $\Lambda$- medium, has to be necessarily a cosmological constant. By using effective field theory, we show that this is not the case for a class of media comprising perfect fluids, solids and special super solids, providing an explicit construction. The low energy excitations are non trivial and lensing, the growth of large scale structures can be used to clearly distinguish $\Lambda$-media from a cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Dec 2017 15:55:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Apr 2019 21:20:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-04-16
[ [ "Celoria", "Marco", "" ], [ "Comelli", "Denis", "" ], [ "Pilo", "Luigi", "" ] ]
We address the question whether a medium featuring $p + \rho = 0$, dubbed $\Lambda$- medium, has to be necessarily a cosmological constant. By using effective field theory, we show that this is not the case for a class of media comprising perfect fluids, solids and special super solids, providing an explicit construction. The low energy excitations are non trivial and lensing, the growth of large scale structures can be used to clearly distinguish $\Lambda$-media from a cosmological constant.
1807.09801
Sourya Ray
David Kastor, Sourya Ray, Jennie Traschen
Black Hole Enthalpy and Scalar Fields
24 pages
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aaf663
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The mass of an AdS black hole represents its enthalpy, which in addition to internal energy, generally includes the energy required to assemble the system in its environment. In this paper, we consider black holes immersed in a more complex environment, generated by a scalar field with an exponential potential. In the analogue of the AdS vacuum, which we call dilaton-AdS, the scalar field has non-trivial behavior, breaking the hyperscaling symmetry of AdS and modifying the asymptotic form of the spacetime. We find that the scalar field falloff at infinity makes novel contributions to the ADM mass and spatial tensions of dilaton-AdS black holes. We derive a first law and Smarr formula for planar dilaton-AdS black holes. We study the analogue of thermodynamic volume in this system and show that the mass of a black hole again represents its enthalpy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Jul 2018 18:03:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-01-09
[ [ "Kastor", "David", "" ], [ "Ray", "Sourya", "" ], [ "Traschen", "Jennie", "" ] ]
The mass of an AdS black hole represents its enthalpy, which in addition to internal energy, generally includes the energy required to assemble the system in its environment. In this paper, we consider black holes immersed in a more complex environment, generated by a scalar field with an exponential potential. In the analogue of the AdS vacuum, which we call dilaton-AdS, the scalar field has non-trivial behavior, breaking the hyperscaling symmetry of AdS and modifying the asymptotic form of the spacetime. We find that the scalar field falloff at infinity makes novel contributions to the ADM mass and spatial tensions of dilaton-AdS black holes. We derive a first law and Smarr formula for planar dilaton-AdS black holes. We study the analogue of thermodynamic volume in this system and show that the mass of a black hole again represents its enthalpy.
1802.00313
Sayani Maity
Sayani Maity and Prabir Rudra
Gravitational Baryogenesis in Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity
null
null
10.1142/S0217732319502031
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we intend to address the matter-antimatter asymmetry via the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the background of a quantum theory of gravity. We investigate this mechanism under the framework of Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity. We will compute the baryon-to-entropy ratio in the chosen framework and investigate its physical viability against the observational bounds. We also conduct the above study for various sources of matter like scalar field and Chaplygin gas as specific examples. We speculate that quantum corrections from the background geometry will lead to interesting results.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jan 2018 11:01:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 Feb 2018 08:03:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-10-02
[ [ "Maity", "Sayani", "" ], [ "Rudra", "Prabir", "" ] ]
In this work we intend to address the matter-antimatter asymmetry via the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the background of a quantum theory of gravity. We investigate this mechanism under the framework of Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity. We will compute the baryon-to-entropy ratio in the chosen framework and investigate its physical viability against the observational bounds. We also conduct the above study for various sources of matter like scalar field and Chaplygin gas as specific examples. We speculate that quantum corrections from the background geometry will lead to interesting results.
2304.02219
Keita Takizawa
Keita Takizawa, Hideki Asada
Gravitational lens on a static optical constant-curvature background: Its application to Weyl gravity model
12 pages, 4 figures, the differences between the present result and the previous literature clarified, title and text improved, accepted for PRD
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This paper extends the de-Sitter/anti-de Sitter (dS/AdS) background method based on the optical metric for gravitational lens [Phys. Rev. D 105, 084022 (2022)] to a static optical constant-curvature (SOCC) background. It is shown that the exact lens equation on the SOCC background can be written in the same form as that for either Minkowski, dS or AdS background in terms of flat, spherical or hyperbolic trigonometry, depending on the Gaussian curvature of the equatorial plane in the SOCC background. To exemplify the SOCC method, we consider the gravitational lens in Mannheim-Kazanas (MK) solution of Weyl gravity, which includes Rindler and de Sitter terms. In the zero mass limit, the deflection angle of light for the MK solution in the literature diverges to infinity. This is because there is a self-contradiction in their perturbative approximations of the MK metric and the orbit equation. The SOCC method incorporates the long-distance curvature effect into the background. Thereby the SOCC expression for the deflection angle of light in the MK solution is finite also in the zero mass limit.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Apr 2023 04:16:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Oct 2023 04:17:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-10-30
[ [ "Takizawa", "Keita", "" ], [ "Asada", "Hideki", "" ] ]
This paper extends the de-Sitter/anti-de Sitter (dS/AdS) background method based on the optical metric for gravitational lens [Phys. Rev. D 105, 084022 (2022)] to a static optical constant-curvature (SOCC) background. It is shown that the exact lens equation on the SOCC background can be written in the same form as that for either Minkowski, dS or AdS background in terms of flat, spherical or hyperbolic trigonometry, depending on the Gaussian curvature of the equatorial plane in the SOCC background. To exemplify the SOCC method, we consider the gravitational lens in Mannheim-Kazanas (MK) solution of Weyl gravity, which includes Rindler and de Sitter terms. In the zero mass limit, the deflection angle of light for the MK solution in the literature diverges to infinity. This is because there is a self-contradiction in their perturbative approximations of the MK metric and the orbit equation. The SOCC method incorporates the long-distance curvature effect into the background. Thereby the SOCC expression for the deflection angle of light in the MK solution is finite also in the zero mass limit.
gr-qc/9610069
Carsten Gundlach
Carsten Gundlach
Echoing and scaling in Einstein-Yang-Mills critical collapse
13 pages, Revtex, one important reference corrected
Phys.Rev. D55 (1997) 6002-6013
10.1103/PhysRevD.55.6002
null
gr-qc
null
We confirm recent numerical results of echoing and mass scaling in the gravitational collapse of a spherical Yang-Mills field by constructing the critical solution and its perturbations as an eigenvalue problem. Because the field equations are not scale-invariant, the Yang-Mills critical solution is asymptotically, rather than exactly, self-similar, but the methods for dealing with discrete self-similarity developed for the real scalar field can be generalized. We find an echoing period Delta = 0.73784 +/- 0.00002 and critical exponent for the black hole mass gamma = 0.1964 +/- 0.0007.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Oct 1996 19:01:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Nov 1996 15:58:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Gundlach", "Carsten", "" ] ]
We confirm recent numerical results of echoing and mass scaling in the gravitational collapse of a spherical Yang-Mills field by constructing the critical solution and its perturbations as an eigenvalue problem. Because the field equations are not scale-invariant, the Yang-Mills critical solution is asymptotically, rather than exactly, self-similar, but the methods for dealing with discrete self-similarity developed for the real scalar field can be generalized. We find an echoing period Delta = 0.73784 +/- 0.00002 and critical exponent for the black hole mass gamma = 0.1964 +/- 0.0007.
1303.2471
Miroslav Shaltev
Miroslav Shaltev and Reinhard Prix
Fully coherent follow-up of continuous gravitational-wave candidates
12 pages, 5 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.084057
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The search for continuous gravitational waves from unknown isolated sources is computationally limited due to the enormous parameter space that needs to be covered and the weakness of the expected signals. Therefore semi-coherent search strategies have been developed and applied in distributed computing environments such as Einstein@Home, in order to narrow down the parameter space and identify interesting candidates. However, in order to optimally confirm or dismiss a candidate as a possible gravitational-wave signal, a fully-coherent follow-up using all the available data is required. We present a general method and implementation of a direct (2-stage) transition to a fully-coherent follow-up on semi-coherent candidates. This method is based on a grid-less Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) algorithm using the F-statistic. We demonstrate the detection power and computing cost of this follow-up procedure using extensive Monte-Carlo simulations on (simulated) semi-coherent candidates from a directed as well as from an all-sky search setup.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Mar 2013 10:11:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-11-26
[ [ "Shaltev", "Miroslav", "" ], [ "Prix", "Reinhard", "" ] ]
The search for continuous gravitational waves from unknown isolated sources is computationally limited due to the enormous parameter space that needs to be covered and the weakness of the expected signals. Therefore semi-coherent search strategies have been developed and applied in distributed computing environments such as Einstein@Home, in order to narrow down the parameter space and identify interesting candidates. However, in order to optimally confirm or dismiss a candidate as a possible gravitational-wave signal, a fully-coherent follow-up using all the available data is required. We present a general method and implementation of a direct (2-stage) transition to a fully-coherent follow-up on semi-coherent candidates. This method is based on a grid-less Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) algorithm using the F-statistic. We demonstrate the detection power and computing cost of this follow-up procedure using extensive Monte-Carlo simulations on (simulated) semi-coherent candidates from a directed as well as from an all-sky search setup.
gr-qc/0404031
Giovanni Imponente
Giovanni Imponente and Giovanni Montani
Inhomogeneous de Sitter Solution with Scalar Field and Perturbations Spectrum
9 pages, no figures, to appear on Mod.Phys.Lett. A
Mod.Phys.Lett. A19 (2004) 1281-1290
10.1142/S0217732304014057
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We provide an inhomogeneous solution concerning the dynamics of a real self interacting scalar field minimally coupled to gravity in a region of the configuration space where it performs a slow rolling on a plateau of its potential. During the inhomogeneous de Sitter phase the scalar field dominant term is a function of the spatial coordinates only. This solution specialized nearby the FLRW model allows a classical origin for the inhomogeneous perturbations spectrum.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Apr 2004 10:52:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Imponente", "Giovanni", "" ], [ "Montani", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
We provide an inhomogeneous solution concerning the dynamics of a real self interacting scalar field minimally coupled to gravity in a region of the configuration space where it performs a slow rolling on a plateau of its potential. During the inhomogeneous de Sitter phase the scalar field dominant term is a function of the spatial coordinates only. This solution specialized nearby the FLRW model allows a classical origin for the inhomogeneous perturbations spectrum.
2408.02235
Tian-Yong Cao
Tian-Yong Cao, Ankit Kumar, and Shu-Xu Yi
Constraining gravitational wave velocities using gravitational and electromagnetic wave observations of white dwarf binaries
10 pages, 10 figures
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2024: stae1755
10.1093/mnras/stae1755
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Although the general theory of relativity (GR) predicts that gravitational waves (GWs) have exactly the same propagation velocity as electromagnetic (EM) waves, many theories of gravity beyond GR expect otherwise. Accurate measurement of the difference in their propagation speed, or a tight constraint on it, could be crucial to validate or put limits on theories beyond GR. The proposed future space-borne GW detectors are poised to detect a substantial number of Galactic white dwarf binaries (GWDBs), which emit the GW as semi-monochromatic signals. Concurrently, these GWDBs can also be identified as optical variable sources. Here we proposed that allocating a GWDB's optical light curve and contemporaneous GW signal can be used to trace the difference between the velocity of GW and EM waves. Simulating GW and EM wave data from 14 verification binaries (VBs), our method constrains propagation-originated phase differences, limiting the discrepancy between the speed of light ($c$) and GW ($c_{GW}$). Through the utilization of LISA's design sensitivity and the current precision in optical observation on GWDB, our study reveals that a four-year observation of the 14 recognized VBs results in a joint constraint that confines $\Delta c/c$ ($\Delta c = c_{\mathrm{GW}} - c$) to the range of $-2.1\times10^{-12}$ and $4.8\times10^{-12}$. Additionally, by incorporating this constraint on $c_{\mathrm{GW}}$, we are able to establish boundaries for the mass of the graviton, limiting it to $m_{\mathrm{g}}\le3\times10^{-23}\,e\mathrm{V}/c^{2}$, and for the parameter associated with local Lorentz violation, $\bar{s}_{00}$, constrained within the range of $-3.4\times10^{-11}\le\bar{s}_{00}\le1.5\times10^{-11}$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Aug 2024 04:56:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-06
[ [ "Cao", "Tian-Yong", "" ], [ "Kumar", "Ankit", "" ], [ "Yi", "Shu-Xu", "" ] ]
Although the general theory of relativity (GR) predicts that gravitational waves (GWs) have exactly the same propagation velocity as electromagnetic (EM) waves, many theories of gravity beyond GR expect otherwise. Accurate measurement of the difference in their propagation speed, or a tight constraint on it, could be crucial to validate or put limits on theories beyond GR. The proposed future space-borne GW detectors are poised to detect a substantial number of Galactic white dwarf binaries (GWDBs), which emit the GW as semi-monochromatic signals. Concurrently, these GWDBs can also be identified as optical variable sources. Here we proposed that allocating a GWDB's optical light curve and contemporaneous GW signal can be used to trace the difference between the velocity of GW and EM waves. Simulating GW and EM wave data from 14 verification binaries (VBs), our method constrains propagation-originated phase differences, limiting the discrepancy between the speed of light ($c$) and GW ($c_{GW}$). Through the utilization of LISA's design sensitivity and the current precision in optical observation on GWDB, our study reveals that a four-year observation of the 14 recognized VBs results in a joint constraint that confines $\Delta c/c$ ($\Delta c = c_{\mathrm{GW}} - c$) to the range of $-2.1\times10^{-12}$ and $4.8\times10^{-12}$. Additionally, by incorporating this constraint on $c_{\mathrm{GW}}$, we are able to establish boundaries for the mass of the graviton, limiting it to $m_{\mathrm{g}}\le3\times10^{-23}\,e\mathrm{V}/c^{2}$, and for the parameter associated with local Lorentz violation, $\bar{s}_{00}$, constrained within the range of $-3.4\times10^{-11}\le\bar{s}_{00}\le1.5\times10^{-11}$.
2311.15585
Zhixiang Ren
Tianyu Zhao, Ruijun Shi, Yue Zhou, Zhoujian Cao, Zhixiang Ren
Dawning of a New Era in Gravitational Wave Data Analysis: Unveiling Cosmic Mysteries via Artificial Intelligence -- A Systematic Review
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI), with its vast capabilities, has become an integral part of our daily interactions, particularly with the rise of sophisticated models like Large Language Models. These advancements have not only transformed human-machine interactions but have also paved the way for significant breakthroughs in various scientific domains. Aim of review: This review is centered on elucidating the profound impact of AI, especially deep learning, in the field of gravitational wave data analysis (GWDA). We aim to highlight the challenges faced by traditional GWDA methodologies and how AI emerges as a beacon of hope, promising enhanced accuracy, real-time processing, and adaptability. Key scientific concepts of review: Gravitational wave (GW) waveform modeling stands as a cornerstone in the realm of GW research, serving as a sophisticated method to simulate and interpret the intricate patterns and signatures of these cosmic phenomena. This modeling provides a deep understanding of the astrophysical events that produce gravitational waves. Next in line is GW signal detection, a refined technique that meticulously combs through extensive datasets, distinguishing genuine gravitational wave signals from the cacophony of background noise. This detection process is pivotal in ensuring the authenticity of observed events. Complementing this is the GW parameter estimation, a method intricately designed to decode the detected signals, extracting crucial parameters that offer insights into the properties and origins of the waves. Lastly, the integration of AI for GW science has emerged as a transformative force. AI methodologies harness vast computational power and advanced algorithms to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability of data analysis in GW research, heralding a new era of innovation and discovery in the field.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Nov 2023 07:21:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-11-28
[ [ "Zhao", "Tianyu", "" ], [ "Shi", "Ruijun", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Yue", "" ], [ "Cao", "Zhoujian", "" ], [ "Ren", "Zhixiang", "" ] ]
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI), with its vast capabilities, has become an integral part of our daily interactions, particularly with the rise of sophisticated models like Large Language Models. These advancements have not only transformed human-machine interactions but have also paved the way for significant breakthroughs in various scientific domains. Aim of review: This review is centered on elucidating the profound impact of AI, especially deep learning, in the field of gravitational wave data analysis (GWDA). We aim to highlight the challenges faced by traditional GWDA methodologies and how AI emerges as a beacon of hope, promising enhanced accuracy, real-time processing, and adaptability. Key scientific concepts of review: Gravitational wave (GW) waveform modeling stands as a cornerstone in the realm of GW research, serving as a sophisticated method to simulate and interpret the intricate patterns and signatures of these cosmic phenomena. This modeling provides a deep understanding of the astrophysical events that produce gravitational waves. Next in line is GW signal detection, a refined technique that meticulously combs through extensive datasets, distinguishing genuine gravitational wave signals from the cacophony of background noise. This detection process is pivotal in ensuring the authenticity of observed events. Complementing this is the GW parameter estimation, a method intricately designed to decode the detected signals, extracting crucial parameters that offer insights into the properties and origins of the waves. Lastly, the integration of AI for GW science has emerged as a transformative force. AI methodologies harness vast computational power and advanced algorithms to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability of data analysis in GW research, heralding a new era of innovation and discovery in the field.
gr-qc/0312121
Sergio M. C. V. Goncalves
Sergio M. C. V. Goncalves
No-horizon theorem for vacuum gravity with spacelike G1 isometry groups
6 pages, revtex4; published in Phys. Rev. D Rapid Comm
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 101502
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.101502
null
gr-qc
null
We show that (3+1) vacuum spacetimes admitting a global, spacelike, one-parameter Lie group of isometries of translational type cannot contain apparent horizons. The only assumption made is that of the existence of a global spacelike Killing vector field with infinite open orbits; the four-dimensional vacuum spacetime metric is otherwise arbitrary. This result may thus be viewed as a hoop conjecture theorem for vacuum gravity with one spacelike translational Killing symmetry.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Dec 2003 19:43:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Goncalves", "Sergio M. C. V.", "" ] ]
We show that (3+1) vacuum spacetimes admitting a global, spacelike, one-parameter Lie group of isometries of translational type cannot contain apparent horizons. The only assumption made is that of the existence of a global spacelike Killing vector field with infinite open orbits; the four-dimensional vacuum spacetime metric is otherwise arbitrary. This result may thus be viewed as a hoop conjecture theorem for vacuum gravity with one spacelike translational Killing symmetry.
0705.2851
Yoshiaki Himemoto
Takeshi Chiba, Yoshiaki Himemoto, Masahide Yamaguchi, Jun'ichi Yokoyama
Effective Search Templates for a Primordial Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
13 pages, 4 figures, final version to be published in PRD
Phys.Rev.D76:043516,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.043516
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
We calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the stochastic gravitational-wave background in an extreme case that its spectrum has a sharp falloff with its amplitude close to the detection threshold. Such a spectral feature is a characteristic imprint of the change in the number of relativistic degrees of freedom on the stochastic background generated during inflation in the early Universe. We find that, although SNR is maximal with the correct template which is proportional to the assumed real spectrum, its sensitivity to the shape of template is fairly weak indicating that a simple power-law template is sufficient to detect the signature.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 May 2007 12:48:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Aug 2007 15:04:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Chiba", "Takeshi", "" ], [ "Himemoto", "Yoshiaki", "" ], [ "Yamaguchi", "Masahide", "" ], [ "Yokoyama", "Jun'ichi", "" ] ]
We calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the stochastic gravitational-wave background in an extreme case that its spectrum has a sharp falloff with its amplitude close to the detection threshold. Such a spectral feature is a characteristic imprint of the change in the number of relativistic degrees of freedom on the stochastic background generated during inflation in the early Universe. We find that, although SNR is maximal with the correct template which is proportional to the assumed real spectrum, its sensitivity to the shape of template is fairly weak indicating that a simple power-law template is sufficient to detect the signature.
gr-qc/0509071
Stephane Fay
Stephane Fay and Thierry Lehner
Bianchi type IX asymptotical behaviours with a massive scalar field: chaos strikes back
31 pages, 7 figures (low resolution)
Gen.Rel.Grav.37:1097-1117,2005
10.1007/s10714-005-0093-0
null
gr-qc
null
We use numerical integrations to study the asymptotical behaviour of a homogeneous but anisotropic Bianchi type IX model in General Relativity with a massive scalar field. As it is well known, for a Brans-Dicke theory, the asymptotical behaviour of the metric functions is ruled only by the Brans-Dicke coupling constant with respect to the value -3/2. In this paper we examine if such a condition still exists with a massive scalar field. We also show that, contrary to what occurs for a massless scalar field, the singularity oscillatory approach may exist in presence of a massive scalar field having a positive energy density.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Sep 2005 17:10:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Fay", "Stephane", "" ], [ "Lehner", "Thierry", "" ] ]
We use numerical integrations to study the asymptotical behaviour of a homogeneous but anisotropic Bianchi type IX model in General Relativity with a massive scalar field. As it is well known, for a Brans-Dicke theory, the asymptotical behaviour of the metric functions is ruled only by the Brans-Dicke coupling constant with respect to the value -3/2. In this paper we examine if such a condition still exists with a massive scalar field. We also show that, contrary to what occurs for a massless scalar field, the singularity oscillatory approach may exist in presence of a massive scalar field having a positive energy density.
1303.0849
Norman Metzner
Paul Tod, Norman Metzner, Lionel Mason
Twistor Construction of Higher-Dimensional Black Holes - Part II: Examples
35 pages, 5 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 30 (2013) 095002
10.1088/0264-9381/30/9/095002
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We apply the twistor construction for higher-dimensional black holes to known examples in five space-time dimensions. First the patching matrices are calculated from the explicit metric for these examples. Then an ansatz is proposed for obtaining the patching matrix instead from the data of rod structure and angular momenta. The ansatz is tested on examples with up to three nuts, and these are shown to give flat space, the Myers-Perry solution and the black ring, as expected. Rules for the transition between different adaptations of the patching matrix and for the elimination of conical singularities are developed and seen to work.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Mar 2013 21:03:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-15
[ [ "Tod", "Paul", "" ], [ "Metzner", "Norman", "" ], [ "Mason", "Lionel", "" ] ]
We apply the twistor construction for higher-dimensional black holes to known examples in five space-time dimensions. First the patching matrices are calculated from the explicit metric for these examples. Then an ansatz is proposed for obtaining the patching matrix instead from the data of rod structure and angular momenta. The ansatz is tested on examples with up to three nuts, and these are shown to give flat space, the Myers-Perry solution and the black ring, as expected. Rules for the transition between different adaptations of the patching matrix and for the elimination of conical singularities are developed and seen to work.
gr-qc/0212044
Kenneth Nordtvedt
Kenneth Nordtvedt
Space-Time Variation of Physical Constants and the Equivalence Principle
5 pages, PCTex32.v3.4
null
10.1142/S0217751X02011655
null
gr-qc
null
Location dependence of physical parameters such as the electromagnetic fine structure constant and Newton's G produce body accelerations which violate universality of free fall rates testable with laboratory and space experiments. Theoretically related cosmological time variation of these same parameters are also constrained by experiments such as lunar laser ranging, and these time variations produce accelerations of bodies relative to a preferred cosmological frame.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Dec 2002 03:01:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Nordtvedt", "Kenneth", "" ] ]
Location dependence of physical parameters such as the electromagnetic fine structure constant and Newton's G produce body accelerations which violate universality of free fall rates testable with laboratory and space experiments. Theoretically related cosmological time variation of these same parameters are also constrained by experiments such as lunar laser ranging, and these time variations produce accelerations of bodies relative to a preferred cosmological frame.
1807.00987
Jonghyun Sim
Jonghyun Sim, Jiwon Park, Tae Hoon Lee
Dynamical analysis of Brans-Dicke Universe with inverse power-law effective potential
20 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MPLA
null
10.1142/S0217732320500947
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study Brans-Dicke cosmology with an inverse power-law effective potential. By using dynamical analyses, we search for fixed points corresponding to the radiation-like matter and dark energy-dominated era of our Universe, and the stability of fixed points is also investigated. We find phase space trajectories which are attracted to the stable point of the dark energy-dominated era from unstable fixed points like matter-dominated era of the Universe. The dark energy comes from effective potentials of the Brans-Dicke field, whose variation (related to the time-variation of the gravitational coupling constant) is shown to be in good agreement with observational data.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Jul 2018 06:09:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 13 Nov 2018 11:53:55 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Feb 2019 12:35:22 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 2 Feb 2020 06:44:50 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2020-02-04
[ [ "Sim", "Jonghyun", "" ], [ "Park", "Jiwon", "" ], [ "Lee", "Tae Hoon", "" ] ]
We study Brans-Dicke cosmology with an inverse power-law effective potential. By using dynamical analyses, we search for fixed points corresponding to the radiation-like matter and dark energy-dominated era of our Universe, and the stability of fixed points is also investigated. We find phase space trajectories which are attracted to the stable point of the dark energy-dominated era from unstable fixed points like matter-dominated era of the Universe. The dark energy comes from effective potentials of the Brans-Dicke field, whose variation (related to the time-variation of the gravitational coupling constant) is shown to be in good agreement with observational data.
gr-qc/9712085
Frans Pretorius
F. Pretorius, D. Vollick and W. Israel
An Operational Approach To Black Hole Entropy
15 pages, LaTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D57 (1998) 6311-6316
10.1103/PhysRevD.57.6311
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper we calculate the entropy of a thin spherical shell that contracts reversibly from infinity down to its event horizon. We find that, for a broad class of equations of state, the entropy of a non-extremal shell is one-quarter of its area in the black hole limit. The considerations in this paper suggest the following operational definition for the entropy of a black hole: $S_{BH}$ is the equilibrium thermodynamic entropy that would be stored in the material which gathers to form the black hole, if all of this material were compressed into a thin layer near its gravitational radius. Since the entropy for a given mass and area is maximized for thermal equilibrium we expect that this is the maximum entropy that could be stored in the material before it crosses the horizon. In the case of an extremal black hole the shell model does not assign an unambiguous value to the entropy.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Dec 1997 09:03:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Pretorius", "F.", "" ], [ "Vollick", "D.", "" ], [ "Israel", "W.", "" ] ]
In this paper we calculate the entropy of a thin spherical shell that contracts reversibly from infinity down to its event horizon. We find that, for a broad class of equations of state, the entropy of a non-extremal shell is one-quarter of its area in the black hole limit. The considerations in this paper suggest the following operational definition for the entropy of a black hole: $S_{BH}$ is the equilibrium thermodynamic entropy that would be stored in the material which gathers to form the black hole, if all of this material were compressed into a thin layer near its gravitational radius. Since the entropy for a given mass and area is maximized for thermal equilibrium we expect that this is the maximum entropy that could be stored in the material before it crosses the horizon. In the case of an extremal black hole the shell model does not assign an unambiguous value to the entropy.
2312.16681
Dario Sauro
Riccardo Martini, Gregorio Paci, Dario Sauro
Radiative corrections to the Starobinsky Lagrangian from Torsion fluctuations
26 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the running of the $R^2$ coupling in the Starobinsky Lagrangian that stems from integrating out quantum torsion fluctuations on a maximally symmetric Euclidean background. Our analysis is performed in a manifestly covariant way, exploiting both the recently-introduced spin-parity decomposition of torsion perturbations and the heat kernel technique. The Lagrangian we start with is the most general one involving kinetic terms and couplings to the scalar curvature that is compatible with a gauge-like symmetry for the torsion. The latter removes the twice-longitudinal vector mode from the spectrum, and it yields operators of maximum rank four.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Dec 2023 18:51:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-12-29
[ [ "Martini", "Riccardo", "" ], [ "Paci", "Gregorio", "" ], [ "Sauro", "Dario", "" ] ]
We derive the running of the $R^2$ coupling in the Starobinsky Lagrangian that stems from integrating out quantum torsion fluctuations on a maximally symmetric Euclidean background. Our analysis is performed in a manifestly covariant way, exploiting both the recently-introduced spin-parity decomposition of torsion perturbations and the heat kernel technique. The Lagrangian we start with is the most general one involving kinetic terms and couplings to the scalar curvature that is compatible with a gauge-like symmetry for the torsion. The latter removes the twice-longitudinal vector mode from the spectrum, and it yields operators of maximum rank four.
1207.7250
Tetsuya Shiromizu
Tetsuya Shiromizu, Seiju Ohashi and Ryotaku Suzuki
A no-go on strictly stationary spacetimes in four/higher dimensions
8 pages
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.064041
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that strictly stationary spacetimes cannot have non-trivial configurations of form fields/complex scalar fields and then the spacetime should be exactly Minkowski or anti-deSitter spacetimes depending on the presence of negative cosmological constant. That is, self-gravitating complex scalar fields and form fields cannot exist.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Jul 2012 14:06:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-05
[ [ "Shiromizu", "Tetsuya", "" ], [ "Ohashi", "Seiju", "" ], [ "Suzuki", "Ryotaku", "" ] ]
We show that strictly stationary spacetimes cannot have non-trivial configurations of form fields/complex scalar fields and then the spacetime should be exactly Minkowski or anti-deSitter spacetimes depending on the presence of negative cosmological constant. That is, self-gravitating complex scalar fields and form fields cannot exist.
1110.6095
Thomas L. Wilson
Thomas L. Wilson
A New Interpretation of Einstein's Cosmological Constant
59 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
null
null
NASA-JSC Report Theor-Wil-04-2011
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A new approach to the cosmological constant problem is proposed by modifying Einstein's theory of general relativity, using instead a scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. This theory of gravity crucially incorporates the concept of quantum symmetry breaking. The role of the cosmological constant $\lambda$ as a graviton mass in the weak-field limit is necessarily utilized. Because $\lambda$ takes on two values as a broken symmetry, so does the graviton mass -- one of which cannot be zero. Gravity now exhibits both long- and short-range forces, by introducing hadron bags into strong interaction physics using a nonlinear, self-interacting scalar $\sigma$-field coupled to the gravitational Lagrangian.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Oct 2011 21:24:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-10-28
[ [ "Wilson", "Thomas L.", "" ] ]
A new approach to the cosmological constant problem is proposed by modifying Einstein's theory of general relativity, using instead a scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. This theory of gravity crucially incorporates the concept of quantum symmetry breaking. The role of the cosmological constant $\lambda$ as a graviton mass in the weak-field limit is necessarily utilized. Because $\lambda$ takes on two values as a broken symmetry, so does the graviton mass -- one of which cannot be zero. Gravity now exhibits both long- and short-range forces, by introducing hadron bags into strong interaction physics using a nonlinear, self-interacting scalar $\sigma$-field coupled to the gravitational Lagrangian.
gr-qc/0206077
Claudio Dappiaggi
M. Carfora, C. Dappiaggi, A. Marzuoli
The modular geometry of Random Regge Triangulations
36 pages corrected typos, enhanced introduction
Class.Quant.Grav. 19 (2002) 5195-5220
10.1088/0264-9381/19/20/312
DFNT/T 2002/09
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
null
We show that the introduction of triangulations with variable connectivity and fluctuating egde-lengths (Random Regge Triangulations) allows for a relatively simple and direct analyisis of the modular properties of 2 dimensional simplicial quantum gravity. In particular, we discuss in detail an explicit bijection between the space of possible random Regge triangulations (of given genus g and with N vertices) and a suitable decorated version of the (compactified) moduli space of genus g Riemann surfaces with N punctures. Such an analysis allows us to associate a Weil-Petersson metric with the set of random Regge triangulations and prove that the corresponding volume provides the dynamical triangulation partition function for pure gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Jun 2002 13:48:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Sep 2002 13:39:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Carfora", "M.", "" ], [ "Dappiaggi", "C.", "" ], [ "Marzuoli", "A.", "" ] ]
We show that the introduction of triangulations with variable connectivity and fluctuating egde-lengths (Random Regge Triangulations) allows for a relatively simple and direct analyisis of the modular properties of 2 dimensional simplicial quantum gravity. In particular, we discuss in detail an explicit bijection between the space of possible random Regge triangulations (of given genus g and with N vertices) and a suitable decorated version of the (compactified) moduli space of genus g Riemann surfaces with N punctures. Such an analysis allows us to associate a Weil-Petersson metric with the set of random Regge triangulations and prove that the corresponding volume provides the dynamical triangulation partition function for pure gravity.
gr-qc/0508093
Anthony N. Aguirre
Anthony Aguirre, Matthew C. Johnson
Dynamics and instability of false vacuum bubbles
16 PRD-style pages including 11 embedded figures; accepted by PRD. Revised version includes new solution, discussion of 'thermal activation', added reference, fixed typos
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 103525
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.103525
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
This paper examines the classical dynamics of false vacuum regions embedded in surrounding regions of true vacuum, in the thin-wall limit. The dynamics of all generally relativistically allowed solutions -- most but not all of which have been previously studied -- are derived, enumerated, and interpreted. We comment on the relation of these solutions to possible mechanisms whereby inflating regions may be spawned from non-inflating ones. We then calculate the dynamics of first order deviations from spherical symmetry, finding that many solutions are unstable to such aspherical perturbations. The parameter space in which the perturbations on bound solutions inevitably become nonlinear is mapped. This instability has consequences for the Farhi-Guth-Guven mechanism for baby universe production via quantum tunneling.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Aug 2005 20:25:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 Nov 2005 21:43:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Aguirre", "Anthony", "" ], [ "Johnson", "Matthew C.", "" ] ]
This paper examines the classical dynamics of false vacuum regions embedded in surrounding regions of true vacuum, in the thin-wall limit. The dynamics of all generally relativistically allowed solutions -- most but not all of which have been previously studied -- are derived, enumerated, and interpreted. We comment on the relation of these solutions to possible mechanisms whereby inflating regions may be spawned from non-inflating ones. We then calculate the dynamics of first order deviations from spherical symmetry, finding that many solutions are unstable to such aspherical perturbations. The parameter space in which the perturbations on bound solutions inevitably become nonlinear is mapped. This instability has consequences for the Farhi-Guth-Guven mechanism for baby universe production via quantum tunneling.
1205.5715
Mitsuhiro Matsumoto
Mitsuhiro Matsumoto, Hirotaka Yoshino, Hideo Kodama
Time evolution of a thin black ring via Hawking radiation
28 pages, 6 figures
Phys. Rev. D 89, 044016 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.044016
KEK-TH-1550
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Black objects lose their mass and angular momenta through evaporation by Hawking radiation, and the investigation of their time evolution has a long history. In this paper, we study this problem for a five-dimensional doubly spinning black ring. The black ring is assumed to emit only massless scalar particles. We consider a thin black ring with a small thickness parameter, $\lambda\ll 1$, which can be approximated by a boosted Kerr string locally. We show that a thin black ring evaporates with fixing its thickness parameter $\lambda$. Further, in the case of an Emparan-Reall black ring, we derive analytic formulas for the time evolution, which has one parameter to be evaluated numerically. We find that the lifetime of a thin black ring is shorter by a factor of $O(\lambda^2)$ compared to a five-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole with the same initial mass. We also study detailed properties of the Hawking radiation from the thin black ring, including the energy and angular spectra of emitted particles.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 May 2012 14:52:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Dec 2013 09:16:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-02-19
[ [ "Matsumoto", "Mitsuhiro", "" ], [ "Yoshino", "Hirotaka", "" ], [ "Kodama", "Hideo", "" ] ]
Black objects lose their mass and angular momenta through evaporation by Hawking radiation, and the investigation of their time evolution has a long history. In this paper, we study this problem for a five-dimensional doubly spinning black ring. The black ring is assumed to emit only massless scalar particles. We consider a thin black ring with a small thickness parameter, $\lambda\ll 1$, which can be approximated by a boosted Kerr string locally. We show that a thin black ring evaporates with fixing its thickness parameter $\lambda$. Further, in the case of an Emparan-Reall black ring, we derive analytic formulas for the time evolution, which has one parameter to be evaluated numerically. We find that the lifetime of a thin black ring is shorter by a factor of $O(\lambda^2)$ compared to a five-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole with the same initial mass. We also study detailed properties of the Hawking radiation from the thin black ring, including the energy and angular spectra of emitted particles.
1905.01479
Jian-Yang Zhu
Xi-Bin Li and Jian-Yang Zhu
Thermal effect on primordial black holes in standard Higgs minimum double-well potential
9 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We attempt a new scheme to combine the Higgs field in the minimal standard model and the statistic physics with thermal effect together. By introducing the stochastic differential equation in FRW metric frame which is something like the warm inflation model but not exactly the same. By using the previous researches on Fokker-Planck equation with double-well potential, we find the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) dominate at a special mass and the PBHs with extremely large or extremely small mass could be almost excluded. In addition, two perturbed model within this frame are employed, one is the model with symmetry breaking and another is stochastic resonance. The former may increase the probability to the generation of PBHs, while the latter may both increase and decrease the probability. Finally, we also discuss the possibility on extension this scenario to other models.
[ { "created": "Sat, 4 May 2019 11:52:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-07
[ [ "Li", "Xi-Bin", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Jian-Yang", "" ] ]
We attempt a new scheme to combine the Higgs field in the minimal standard model and the statistic physics with thermal effect together. By introducing the stochastic differential equation in FRW metric frame which is something like the warm inflation model but not exactly the same. By using the previous researches on Fokker-Planck equation with double-well potential, we find the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) dominate at a special mass and the PBHs with extremely large or extremely small mass could be almost excluded. In addition, two perturbed model within this frame are employed, one is the model with symmetry breaking and another is stochastic resonance. The former may increase the probability to the generation of PBHs, while the latter may both increase and decrease the probability. Finally, we also discuss the possibility on extension this scenario to other models.
1612.01823
Breno Giacchini
Breno L. Giacchini
Experimental limits on the free parameters of higher-derivative gravity
4 pages. Contribution to the proceedings of the 14th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rome 12-18 July 2015
The Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting: pp. 1340-1345 (2017)
10.1142/9789813226609_0109
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Fourth-derivative gravity has two free parameters, $\alpha$ and $\beta$, which couple the curvature-squared terms $R^2$ and $R_{\mu\nu}^2$. Relativistic effects and short-range laboratory experiments can be used to provide upper limits to these constants. In this work we briefly review both types of experimental results in the context of higher-derivative gravity. The strictest limit follows from the second kind of test. Interestingly enough, the bound on $\beta$ due to semiclassical light deflection at the solar limb is only one order of magnitude larger.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Dec 2016 14:29:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-12-12
[ [ "Giacchini", "Breno L.", "" ] ]
Fourth-derivative gravity has two free parameters, $\alpha$ and $\beta$, which couple the curvature-squared terms $R^2$ and $R_{\mu\nu}^2$. Relativistic effects and short-range laboratory experiments can be used to provide upper limits to these constants. In this work we briefly review both types of experimental results in the context of higher-derivative gravity. The strictest limit follows from the second kind of test. Interestingly enough, the bound on $\beta$ due to semiclassical light deflection at the solar limb is only one order of magnitude larger.
1804.05744
Gerard Hooft 't
Gerard t Hooft
What happens in a black hole when a particle meets its antipode
15 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The notion of antipodal identification on the black hole horizon is further explained and elaborated. Contrasting with numerous attempts in the literature to make fuzzy, poorly motivated models for black holes, we explain how, with an absolute minimum of assumptions, known laws of local physics suffice to calculate the unitary evolution law for a Schwarzschild black hole. Earlier work by the author, which explains how firewalls can and must be avoided, while also the information paradox disappears, ran into its one remaining problem: how to explain it better to the community. Antipodal identification is a natural way to replace thermally mixed states by pure quantum states, without the need to hide our ignorance in "chaos". We do encounter a strange looking sign switch in the relation of particles to their antipodes near the horizon. This sign switch is necessary to recover complete unitarity without any loss of information anywhere, while restoring locality. Although there are some important remaining problems, we advertise our approach as a healthy alternative to the reliance on AdS/CFT conjectures, which, we claim, do not guarantee to provide reliable answers.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Apr 2018 15:38:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-04-17
[ [ "Hooft", "Gerard t", "" ] ]
The notion of antipodal identification on the black hole horizon is further explained and elaborated. Contrasting with numerous attempts in the literature to make fuzzy, poorly motivated models for black holes, we explain how, with an absolute minimum of assumptions, known laws of local physics suffice to calculate the unitary evolution law for a Schwarzschild black hole. Earlier work by the author, which explains how firewalls can and must be avoided, while also the information paradox disappears, ran into its one remaining problem: how to explain it better to the community. Antipodal identification is a natural way to replace thermally mixed states by pure quantum states, without the need to hide our ignorance in "chaos". We do encounter a strange looking sign switch in the relation of particles to their antipodes near the horizon. This sign switch is necessary to recover complete unitarity without any loss of information anywhere, while restoring locality. Although there are some important remaining problems, we advertise our approach as a healthy alternative to the reliance on AdS/CFT conjectures, which, we claim, do not guarantee to provide reliable answers.
gr-qc/0610022
Shankaranarayanan S
Saurya Das (Lethbridge U), S. Shankaranarayanan (AEI, Golm)
Entanglement as a source of black hole entropy
12 pages, latex, 5 figures. Invited talk by SD at `Recent Developments in Gravity' (NEB XII), Nafplion, Greece, 30 June 2006. To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series; V2: References added, Minor changes to match published version
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.68:012015,2007
10.1088/1742-6596/68/1/012015
AEI-2006-075
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
We review aspects of black hole thermodynamics, and show how entanglement of a quantum field between the inside and outside of a horizon can account for the area-proportionality of black hole entropy, provided the field is in its ground state. We show that the result continues to hold for Coherent States and Squeezed States, while for Excited States, the entropy scales as a power of area less than unity. We also identify location of the degrees of freedom which give rise to the above entropy.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Oct 2006 06:38:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 3 Jun 2007 15:13:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Das", "Saurya", "", "Lethbridge U" ], [ "Shankaranarayanan", "S.", "", "AEI, Golm" ] ]
We review aspects of black hole thermodynamics, and show how entanglement of a quantum field between the inside and outside of a horizon can account for the area-proportionality of black hole entropy, provided the field is in its ground state. We show that the result continues to hold for Coherent States and Squeezed States, while for Excited States, the entropy scales as a power of area less than unity. We also identify location of the degrees of freedom which give rise to the above entropy.
1312.3147
Alexander Kamenshchik
A.O. Barvinsky and A.Yu. Kamenshchik
Selection rules for the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in quantum cosmology
final version, to appear in Physical Review D
Physical Review D 89 (2014) 043526
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.043526
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Selection of physically meaningful solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the wavefunction in quantum cosmology, can be attained by a reduction of the theory to the sector of true physical degrees of freedom and their canonical quantization. The resulting physical wavefunction unitarily evolving in the time variable introduced within this reduction can then be raised to the level of the cosmological wavefunction in superspace of 3-metrics. We apply this technique in several simple minisuperspace models and discuss both at classical and quantum level physical reduction in {\em extrinsic} time -- the time variable determined in terms of extrinsic curvature. Only this extrinsic time gauge can be consistently used in vicinity of turning points and bounces where the scale factor reaches extremum. Since the 3-metric scale factor is canonically dual to extrinsic time variable, the transition from the physical wavefunction to the wavefunction in superspace represents a kind of the generalized Fourier transform. This transformation selects square integrable solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, which guarantee Hermiticity of canonical operators of the Dirac quantization scheme. Semiclassically this means that wavefunctions are represented by oscillating waves in classically allowed domains of superspace and exponentially fall off in classically forbidden (underbarrier) regions. This is explicitly demonstrated in flat FRW model with a scalar field having a constant negative potential and for the case of phantom scalar field with a positive potential. The FRW model of a scalar field with a vanishing potential does not lead to selection rules for solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, but this does not violate Hermiticity properties, because all these solutions are anyway of plane wave type and describe cosmological dynamics without turning points and bounces.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Dec 2013 12:52:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Jan 2014 08:46:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-05-06
[ [ "Barvinsky", "A. O.", "" ], [ "Kamenshchik", "A. Yu.", "" ] ]
Selection of physically meaningful solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the wavefunction in quantum cosmology, can be attained by a reduction of the theory to the sector of true physical degrees of freedom and their canonical quantization. The resulting physical wavefunction unitarily evolving in the time variable introduced within this reduction can then be raised to the level of the cosmological wavefunction in superspace of 3-metrics. We apply this technique in several simple minisuperspace models and discuss both at classical and quantum level physical reduction in {\em extrinsic} time -- the time variable determined in terms of extrinsic curvature. Only this extrinsic time gauge can be consistently used in vicinity of turning points and bounces where the scale factor reaches extremum. Since the 3-metric scale factor is canonically dual to extrinsic time variable, the transition from the physical wavefunction to the wavefunction in superspace represents a kind of the generalized Fourier transform. This transformation selects square integrable solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, which guarantee Hermiticity of canonical operators of the Dirac quantization scheme. Semiclassically this means that wavefunctions are represented by oscillating waves in classically allowed domains of superspace and exponentially fall off in classically forbidden (underbarrier) regions. This is explicitly demonstrated in flat FRW model with a scalar field having a constant negative potential and for the case of phantom scalar field with a positive potential. The FRW model of a scalar field with a vanishing potential does not lead to selection rules for solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, but this does not violate Hermiticity properties, because all these solutions are anyway of plane wave type and describe cosmological dynamics without turning points and bounces.
2308.02375
Polina Dyadina
P.I. Dyadina, N.A. Avdeev
Thin accretion disk signatures in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
21 pages, 14 figures
Eur. Phys. J. C 84, 103 (2024)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12465-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the present work, accretion onto a static spherically symmetric black hole in the hybrid metric-Palatini gravity is considered. The Novikov-Thorne model for a relativistic thin accretion disk is used. The energy flux, temperature distribution, emission spectrum and energy conversion efficiency of accretion disks around such black holes are numerically calculated. A comparison with the results for a Schwarzschild black hole is made and conclusions about the viability of the model are drawn. As a result, it is obtained that the accretion disks around black holes in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity are colder and less luminous than in general relativity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Aug 2023 15:15:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Sep 2023 18:27:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 Feb 2024 10:33:49 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-02-05
[ [ "Dyadina", "P. I.", "" ], [ "Avdeev", "N. A.", "" ] ]
In the present work, accretion onto a static spherically symmetric black hole in the hybrid metric-Palatini gravity is considered. The Novikov-Thorne model for a relativistic thin accretion disk is used. The energy flux, temperature distribution, emission spectrum and energy conversion efficiency of accretion disks around such black holes are numerically calculated. A comparison with the results for a Schwarzschild black hole is made and conclusions about the viability of the model are drawn. As a result, it is obtained that the accretion disks around black holes in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity are colder and less luminous than in general relativity.
gr-qc/0108084
Satoshi Yamaguchi
Satoshi Yamaguchi (Kyoto Univ.)
Enhancon and Resolution of Singularity
10 pages, LaTeX, 8 figures, talk at the Meeting of Frontier of Cosmology and Gravitation, Kyoto, Japan, 25-27 April 2001, v2: minor changes, typos corrected
null
null
KUCP-0194
gr-qc
null
We review the enhancon mechanism proposed by Johnson, Peet and Polchinski. If we consider the D6-brane wrapped on K3, then there appear a naked singularity called ``repulson'' in the supergravity solution. But this singularity is resolved by a shell structure called ``enhancon''. In the interior of the enhancon, the abelian gauge symmetry is enhanced to a nonabelian one, and ordinary supergravity is no more reliable. We also review the interpretation of enhancon as fuzzy sphere. This paper is the contribution to the proceedings of "Frontier of Cosmology and Gravitation", April 25-27 2001, YITP.
[ { "created": "Fri, 31 Aug 2001 08:08:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 10 Sep 2001 08:30:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Yamaguchi", "Satoshi", "", "Kyoto Univ." ] ]
We review the enhancon mechanism proposed by Johnson, Peet and Polchinski. If we consider the D6-brane wrapped on K3, then there appear a naked singularity called ``repulson'' in the supergravity solution. But this singularity is resolved by a shell structure called ``enhancon''. In the interior of the enhancon, the abelian gauge symmetry is enhanced to a nonabelian one, and ordinary supergravity is no more reliable. We also review the interpretation of enhancon as fuzzy sphere. This paper is the contribution to the proceedings of "Frontier of Cosmology and Gravitation", April 25-27 2001, YITP.
1909.07807
Faizuddin Ahmed
Faizuddin Ahmed
Comment on "Ground state of a bosonic massive charged particle in the presence of external fields in a G\"{o}del-type space-time [Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2018) 133 : 530]"
This is a comment on article arXiv:1807.02838 [hep-th]; overall presentation improved, accepted for publication in EPJ Plus
Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2020) 135 (02):174
10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00196-z
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We point out incorrect equations derived in a paper published in this journal Ref. [1] (E. O. Silva, Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2018) 133 : 530) for the Klein-Gordon equation with the Aharonov-Bohm and Coulomb potentials in a G\"{o}del-type space-time. We derive the final form of the radial wave equation of the Klein-Gordon equation in the Som-Raychaudhuri space-time with these potentials and show that the derive equation here jeopardize the equations obtained in Ref. [1] and therefore, the energy eigenvalues presented there is incorrect.
[ { "created": "Sun, 15 Sep 2019 12:40:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 21 Sep 2019 10:35:41 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 2 Feb 2020 04:22:06 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-02-04
[ [ "Ahmed", "Faizuddin", "" ] ]
We point out incorrect equations derived in a paper published in this journal Ref. [1] (E. O. Silva, Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2018) 133 : 530) for the Klein-Gordon equation with the Aharonov-Bohm and Coulomb potentials in a G\"{o}del-type space-time. We derive the final form of the radial wave equation of the Klein-Gordon equation in the Som-Raychaudhuri space-time with these potentials and show that the derive equation here jeopardize the equations obtained in Ref. [1] and therefore, the energy eigenvalues presented there is incorrect.
2212.06103
Raimon Luna
Raimon Luna, Juan Calder\'on Bustillo, Juan Jos\'e Seoane Mart\'inez, Alejandro Torres-Forn\'e, Jos\'e A. Font
Solving the Teukolsky equation with physics-informed neural networks
12 pages, 7 figures. v2: Matches published version, minor typos corrected
Phys.Rev.D 107 (2023) 6, 064025
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.064025
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE physics.comp-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to compute the first quasi-normal modes of the Kerr geometry via the Teukolsky equation. This technique allows us to extract the complex frequencies and separation constants of the equation without the need for sophisticated numerical techniques, and with an almost immediate implementation under the \texttt{PyTorch} framework. We are able to compute the oscillation frequencies and damping times for arbitrary black hole spins and masses, with accuracy typically below the percentual level as compared to the accepted values in the literature. We find that PINN-computed quasi-normal modes are indistinguishable from those obtained through existing methods at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) larger than 100, making the former reliable for gravitational-wave data analysis in the mid term, before the arrival of third-generation detectors like LISA or the Einstein Telescope, where SNRs of ${\cal O}(1000)$ might be achieved.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Dec 2022 18:23:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Apr 2024 17:17:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-09
[ [ "Luna", "Raimon", "" ], [ "Bustillo", "Juan Calderón", "" ], [ "Martínez", "Juan José Seoane", "" ], [ "Torres-Forné", "Alejandro", "" ], [ "Font", "José A.", "" ] ]
We use physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to compute the first quasi-normal modes of the Kerr geometry via the Teukolsky equation. This technique allows us to extract the complex frequencies and separation constants of the equation without the need for sophisticated numerical techniques, and with an almost immediate implementation under the \texttt{PyTorch} framework. We are able to compute the oscillation frequencies and damping times for arbitrary black hole spins and masses, with accuracy typically below the percentual level as compared to the accepted values in the literature. We find that PINN-computed quasi-normal modes are indistinguishable from those obtained through existing methods at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) larger than 100, making the former reliable for gravitational-wave data analysis in the mid term, before the arrival of third-generation detectors like LISA or the Einstein Telescope, where SNRs of ${\cal O}(1000)$ might be achieved.
2003.12999
Sijie Gao
Chengcheng Liu and Sijie Gao
Overcharging magnetized black holes at linear order and the weak cosmic censorship conjecture
13 pages, 1 figure
Phys. Rev. D 101, 124067 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.124067
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Evidences have been found that the weak cosmic censorship conjecture could be violated if test particles with charge and angular momentum are injected into a black hole. However, second-order corrections and fine-tunings on the particle's parameters are required in previous studies, indicating that self-force and radiative effects must be taken into account. In this paper, we first consider a magnetically charged particle falling into an extremal Bardeen black hole, which is regular (with no singularity) and has a magnetic monopole at the center. We then investigate a general class of magnetic black holes with or without singularities. In all the cases, we show that the test particle with magnetic charge could overcharge the black hole, causing possible violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. In contrast to previous arguments in the literature, second-order corrections are not necessary in our analysis and the results are not sensitive to the particle's parameters. Our work indicates that the self-force effect, which is related to the second-order correction, may not help rescue the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in our examples.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 Mar 2020 10:53:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-07-08
[ [ "Liu", "Chengcheng", "" ], [ "Gao", "Sijie", "" ] ]
Evidences have been found that the weak cosmic censorship conjecture could be violated if test particles with charge and angular momentum are injected into a black hole. However, second-order corrections and fine-tunings on the particle's parameters are required in previous studies, indicating that self-force and radiative effects must be taken into account. In this paper, we first consider a magnetically charged particle falling into an extremal Bardeen black hole, which is regular (with no singularity) and has a magnetic monopole at the center. We then investigate a general class of magnetic black holes with or without singularities. In all the cases, we show that the test particle with magnetic charge could overcharge the black hole, causing possible violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. In contrast to previous arguments in the literature, second-order corrections are not necessary in our analysis and the results are not sensitive to the particle's parameters. Our work indicates that the self-force effect, which is related to the second-order correction, may not help rescue the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in our examples.
1908.07103
Zack Carson
Zack Carson and Kent Yagi
Parameterized and Consistency Tests of Gravity with Gravitational Waves: Current and Future
To appear in the proceedings of the conference 'Recent Progress in Relativistic Astrophysics', Shanghai, China, 6-8 May 2019; Fixed error on Fig. 4 axis label; Updated DECIGO noise curve; Fixed typo in equations
null
10.3390/proceedings2019017005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational wave observations offer unique opportunities to probe gravity in the strong and dynamical regime, which was difficult to access previously. We here review two theory-agnostic ways to carry out tests of general relativity with gravitational waves, namely (i) parameterized waveform tests and (ii) consistency tests between the inspiral and merger-ringdown portions. For each method, we explain the formalism, followed by results from existing events, and finally we discuss future prospects with upgraded detectors, including the possibility of using multi-band gravitational-wave observations with ground-based and space-borne interferometers. We show that such future observations have the potential to improve upon current bounds on theories beyond general relativity by many orders of magnitude. We conclude by listing several open questions that remain to be addressed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Aug 2019 23:20:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 14 Sep 2019 04:00:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Oct 2019 22:35:17 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 26 Oct 2019 02:27:25 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2020-05-19
[ [ "Carson", "Zack", "" ], [ "Yagi", "Kent", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave observations offer unique opportunities to probe gravity in the strong and dynamical regime, which was difficult to access previously. We here review two theory-agnostic ways to carry out tests of general relativity with gravitational waves, namely (i) parameterized waveform tests and (ii) consistency tests between the inspiral and merger-ringdown portions. For each method, we explain the formalism, followed by results from existing events, and finally we discuss future prospects with upgraded detectors, including the possibility of using multi-band gravitational-wave observations with ground-based and space-borne interferometers. We show that such future observations have the potential to improve upon current bounds on theories beyond general relativity by many orders of magnitude. We conclude by listing several open questions that remain to be addressed.
gr-qc/0110101
null
Sergei Kopeikin and Bahram Mashhoon (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia)
Gravitomagnetic Effects in the Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Variable Gravitational Fields of Arbitrary-Moving and Spinning Bodies
36 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D65:064025,2002
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.064025
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Propagation of light in the gravitational field of self-gravitating spinning bodies moving with arbitrary velocities is discussed. The gravitational field is assumed to be "weak" everywhere. Equations of motion of a light ray are solved in the first post-Minkowskian approximation that is linear with respect to the universal gravitational constant $G$. We do not restrict ourselves with the approximation of gravitational lens so that the solution of light geodesics is applicable for arbitrary locations of source of light and observer. This formalism is applied for studying corrections to the Shapiro time delay in binary pulsars caused by the rotation of pulsar and its companion. We also derive the correction to the light deflection angle caused by rotation of gravitating bodies in the solar system (Sun, planets) or a gravitational lens. The gravitational shift of frequency due to the combined translational and rotational motions of light-ray-deflecting bodies is analyzed as well. We give a general derivation of the formula describing the relativistic rotation of the plane of polarization of electromagnetic waves (Skrotskii effect). This formula is valid for arbitrary translational and rotational motion of gravitating bodies and greatly extends the results of previous researchers. Finally, we discuss the Skrotskii effect for gravitational waves emitted by localized sources such as a binary system. The theoretical results of this paper can be applied for studying various relativistic effects in microarcsecond space astrometry and developing corresponding algorithms for data processing in space astrometric missions such as FAME, SIM, and GAIA.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Oct 2001 23:45:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Oct 2001 14:53:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kopeikin", "Sergei", "", "Department of Physics and\n Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia" ], [ "Mashhoon", "Bahram", "", "Department of Physics and\n Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia" ] ]
Propagation of light in the gravitational field of self-gravitating spinning bodies moving with arbitrary velocities is discussed. The gravitational field is assumed to be "weak" everywhere. Equations of motion of a light ray are solved in the first post-Minkowskian approximation that is linear with respect to the universal gravitational constant $G$. We do not restrict ourselves with the approximation of gravitational lens so that the solution of light geodesics is applicable for arbitrary locations of source of light and observer. This formalism is applied for studying corrections to the Shapiro time delay in binary pulsars caused by the rotation of pulsar and its companion. We also derive the correction to the light deflection angle caused by rotation of gravitating bodies in the solar system (Sun, planets) or a gravitational lens. The gravitational shift of frequency due to the combined translational and rotational motions of light-ray-deflecting bodies is analyzed as well. We give a general derivation of the formula describing the relativistic rotation of the plane of polarization of electromagnetic waves (Skrotskii effect). This formula is valid for arbitrary translational and rotational motion of gravitating bodies and greatly extends the results of previous researchers. Finally, we discuss the Skrotskii effect for gravitational waves emitted by localized sources such as a binary system. The theoretical results of this paper can be applied for studying various relativistic effects in microarcsecond space astrometry and developing corresponding algorithms for data processing in space astrometric missions such as FAME, SIM, and GAIA.
2112.12048
Fabrizio Corelli
Fabrizio Corelli
Instability of Schwarzschild Black Holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity: Perturbative Approach and Time-Domain Analysis
81 pages, 13 figures, Master thesis defended at Sapienza University of Rome on 20th October 2020
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the instability of Schwarzschild black holes and the appearance of scalarized solutions in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity performing a time-domain analysis in a perturbative scheme. First we consider a quadratic coupling function and we perform an expansion for a small perturbation of the scalar field around the Schwarzschild solution up to the second order; we do not observe any stable scalarized configuration, in agreement with previous studies. We then consider the cases of quartic and exponential coupling, using an expansion for small values of the Newton's constant, in order to include the nonlinear terms introduced by the coupling in the field equations; in this case we observe the appearance of stable scalarized solutions different from those found in literature. The discrepancy can be an artifact of the perturbative approach.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Dec 2021 17:18:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-23
[ [ "Corelli", "Fabrizio", "" ] ]
We study the instability of Schwarzschild black holes and the appearance of scalarized solutions in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity performing a time-domain analysis in a perturbative scheme. First we consider a quadratic coupling function and we perform an expansion for a small perturbation of the scalar field around the Schwarzschild solution up to the second order; we do not observe any stable scalarized configuration, in agreement with previous studies. We then consider the cases of quartic and exponential coupling, using an expansion for small values of the Newton's constant, in order to include the nonlinear terms introduced by the coupling in the field equations; in this case we observe the appearance of stable scalarized solutions different from those found in literature. The discrepancy can be an artifact of the perturbative approach.
2104.06691
Xiongjun Fang
Wei Yang, Xiongjun Fang, Jiliang Jing
Consistency between dynamical and thermodynamical stabilities for charged self-gravitating perfect fluid
9 pages
General Relativity and Gravitation (2021) 53:81
10.1007/s10714-021-02852-w
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The entropy principle shows that, for self-gravitating perfect fluid, the Einstein field equations can be derived from the extrema of the total entropy, and the thermodynamical stability criterion are equivalent to the dynamical stability criterion. In this paper, we recast the dynamical criterion for the charged self-gravitating perfect fluid in Einstein-Maxwell theory, and further give the criterion of the star with barotropic condition. In order to obtain the thermodynamical stability criterion, first we get the general formula of the second variation of the total entropy for charged perfect fluid case, and then obtain the thermodynamical criterion for radial perturbation. We show that these two stability criterion are the same, which suggest that the inherent connection between gravity and thermodynamic even when the electric field is taken into account.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Apr 2021 08:34:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-08-27
[ [ "Yang", "Wei", "" ], [ "Fang", "Xiongjun", "" ], [ "Jing", "Jiliang", "" ] ]
The entropy principle shows that, for self-gravitating perfect fluid, the Einstein field equations can be derived from the extrema of the total entropy, and the thermodynamical stability criterion are equivalent to the dynamical stability criterion. In this paper, we recast the dynamical criterion for the charged self-gravitating perfect fluid in Einstein-Maxwell theory, and further give the criterion of the star with barotropic condition. In order to obtain the thermodynamical stability criterion, first we get the general formula of the second variation of the total entropy for charged perfect fluid case, and then obtain the thermodynamical criterion for radial perturbation. We show that these two stability criterion are the same, which suggest that the inherent connection between gravity and thermodynamic even when the electric field is taken into account.
1811.11600
Xiaoning Wu
Xiaoning Wu and Xiao Zhang
Energy-momentum in general relativity
21 pages
Published on Memorial Volume for Yi-Shi Duan. Edited by Mo-Lin Ge, Rong-Gen Cai, Yu-Xiao Liu. pp 189-209. World Scientific 2018
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We briefly review of the definitions of the total energy, the total linear momentum and the angular momentum of gravitational field when the cosmological constant is zero. In particular, we show pseudo-tensor's definition of the energy and the momentum given by Prof. Duan in 1963 agree with the ADM total energy-momentum and the Bondi energy-momentum at spatial and null infinity respectively. We also review the relevant energy-momentum inequalities. Finally, we provide a short review of the positive energy theorem and the peeling property of the Newmann-Penrose quantities when the cosmological constant is positive.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Nov 2018 14:49:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-11-29
[ [ "Wu", "Xiaoning", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xiao", "" ] ]
We briefly review of the definitions of the total energy, the total linear momentum and the angular momentum of gravitational field when the cosmological constant is zero. In particular, we show pseudo-tensor's definition of the energy and the momentum given by Prof. Duan in 1963 agree with the ADM total energy-momentum and the Bondi energy-momentum at spatial and null infinity respectively. We also review the relevant energy-momentum inequalities. Finally, we provide a short review of the positive energy theorem and the peeling property of the Newmann-Penrose quantities when the cosmological constant is positive.
2401.12330
Narasimha Reddy Gosala
Narasimha Reddy Gosala, Arundhati Dasgupta
Effect of Gravitational Waves on Yang-Mills condensates
26 pages, 20 figures; Includes a discussion on motivation and implications of YM fields in the context of cosmology in the introduction and conclusion; typos corrected; Additional references included
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this article, we investigate the interactions of a Yang-Mills (YM) wave fluctuation of a classical isotropic, homogeneous YM condensate, which models gluon plasma, with a Gravitational Wave (GW). We re-analyse the study of fluctuations of the gluon plasma using vector decomposition of the gauge field into scalar, longitudinal, and transverse modes. We find that there is an energy transfer between isotropic gluon condensate and plasmon modes, but the effect is delayed, and dependent on the initial conditions. We also studied quarks in the background of YM condensate and GW. We find that the quarks break the isotropy of the condensate and the GW couples quarks of different flavours of the SU(2) group. The GW induces flavour fluctuations, and this has interesting implications for experimental observations and quark-gluon plasma physics.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Jan 2024 19:45:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Feb 2024 17:22:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-23
[ [ "Gosala", "Narasimha Reddy", "" ], [ "Dasgupta", "Arundhati", "" ] ]
In this article, we investigate the interactions of a Yang-Mills (YM) wave fluctuation of a classical isotropic, homogeneous YM condensate, which models gluon plasma, with a Gravitational Wave (GW). We re-analyse the study of fluctuations of the gluon plasma using vector decomposition of the gauge field into scalar, longitudinal, and transverse modes. We find that there is an energy transfer between isotropic gluon condensate and plasmon modes, but the effect is delayed, and dependent on the initial conditions. We also studied quarks in the background of YM condensate and GW. We find that the quarks break the isotropy of the condensate and the GW couples quarks of different flavours of the SU(2) group. The GW induces flavour fluctuations, and this has interesting implications for experimental observations and quark-gluon plasma physics.
1706.06400
Andronikos Paliathanasis
Andronikos Paliathanasis
Analytic Solution of the Starobinsky Model for Inflation
5 pages, references added, to appear in EPJC
Eur. Phys. J. C 77, 438 (2017)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5009-0
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that the field equations of the Starobinsky model for inflation in a Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker constitute an integrable system as the field equations pass the singularity test. The analytical solution in terms of a Painlev\'{e} Series for the Starobinsky model is presented for the case of zero and nonzero spatial curvature. In both cases the leading-order term describes the radiation era provided by the corresponding higher-order theory.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Jun 2017 13:06:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Jun 2017 15:26:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-07-05
[ [ "Paliathanasis", "Andronikos", "" ] ]
We prove that the field equations of the Starobinsky model for inflation in a Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker constitute an integrable system as the field equations pass the singularity test. The analytical solution in terms of a Painlev\'{e} Series for the Starobinsky model is presented for the case of zero and nonzero spatial curvature. In both cases the leading-order term describes the radiation era provided by the corresponding higher-order theory.
2107.08352
Yan-Gang Miao
Xin-Chang Cai, Yan-Gang Miao
Can we know about black hole thermodynamics through shadows?
v1: 31 pages, 11 figures, a new paper regarding shadow and thermodynamics for both spherically symmetric and rotating black holes, substantial new results for rotating black holes, only a small part of discussions on shadow and scalar curvature for spherically symmetric black holes overlapping with arXiv:2101.10780; v4: clarifications added, typos corrected
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the relationship between shadow radius and microstructure for a general static spherically symmetric black hole and confirm their close connection. In this regard, we take the Reissner-Nordstr\"om (AdS) black hole as an example to do the concrete analysis. On the other hand, we study for the Kerr (AdS) black hole the relationship between its shadow and thermodynamics in the aspects of phase transition and microstructure. Our results for the Kerr (AdS) black hole show that the shadow radius $r_{\rm sh}$, the deformation parameters $\delta_s$ and $k_s$, and the circularity deviation $\Delta C$ can reflect the black hole thermodynamics. In addition, we give the constraints to the relaxation time of the M$87^{*}$ black hole by combining its shadow data and the Bekenstein-Hod universal bounds when the M$87^{*}$ is regarded as the Reissner-Nordstr\"om or Kerr black hole. We predict that the minimum relaxation times of M$87^{*}$ black hole and Sgr $A^{*}$ black hole are approximately 3 days and 2.64 minutes, respectively. Finally, we draw the first graph of the minimum relaxation time $\tau_{\rm min}$ with respect to the maximum shadow radius $ r_{\rm sh}^{\rm max}$ at different mass levels.
[ { "created": "Sun, 18 Jul 2021 03:14:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Jul 2021 03:07:42 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 30 Jul 2021 10:01:30 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Nov 2021 07:23:03 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2021-11-15
[ [ "Cai", "Xin-Chang", "" ], [ "Miao", "Yan-Gang", "" ] ]
We investigate the relationship between shadow radius and microstructure for a general static spherically symmetric black hole and confirm their close connection. In this regard, we take the Reissner-Nordstr\"om (AdS) black hole as an example to do the concrete analysis. On the other hand, we study for the Kerr (AdS) black hole the relationship between its shadow and thermodynamics in the aspects of phase transition and microstructure. Our results for the Kerr (AdS) black hole show that the shadow radius $r_{\rm sh}$, the deformation parameters $\delta_s$ and $k_s$, and the circularity deviation $\Delta C$ can reflect the black hole thermodynamics. In addition, we give the constraints to the relaxation time of the M$87^{*}$ black hole by combining its shadow data and the Bekenstein-Hod universal bounds when the M$87^{*}$ is regarded as the Reissner-Nordstr\"om or Kerr black hole. We predict that the minimum relaxation times of M$87^{*}$ black hole and Sgr $A^{*}$ black hole are approximately 3 days and 2.64 minutes, respectively. Finally, we draw the first graph of the minimum relaxation time $\tau_{\rm min}$ with respect to the maximum shadow radius $ r_{\rm sh}^{\rm max}$ at different mass levels.
1905.09850
Yuri Bonder
Y. Bonder and C. Corral
Symmetries in the SME gravity sector: A study in the first-order formalism
Presented at the Eighth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, May 12-16, 2019
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A method to find the symmetries of a theory in the first order formalism of gravity is presented. This method is applied to the minimal gravity sector of the Standard Model Extension. It is argued that no inconsistencies arise when Lorentz violation is explicit and the relation between Lorentz violation and invariance under (active) diffeomorphisms is clearly exposed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 May 2019 18:11:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-27
[ [ "Bonder", "Y.", "" ], [ "Corral", "C.", "" ] ]
A method to find the symmetries of a theory in the first order formalism of gravity is presented. This method is applied to the minimal gravity sector of the Standard Model Extension. It is argued that no inconsistencies arise when Lorentz violation is explicit and the relation between Lorentz violation and invariance under (active) diffeomorphisms is clearly exposed.
1609.08268
Chad Galley
Chad R. Galley and Ira Z. Rothstein
Deriving analytic solutions for compact binary inspirals without recourse to adiabatic approximations
18 pages, 2 figures
Phys. Rev. D 95, 104054 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.104054
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We utilize the dynamical renormalization group formalism to calculate the real space trajectory of a compact binary inspiral for long times via a systematic resummation of secularly growing terms. This method generates closed form solutions without orbit averaging, and the accuracy can be systematically improved. The expansion parameter is $v^5 \nu \Omega(t-t_0)$ where $t_0$ is the initial time, $t$ is the time elapsed, and $\Omega$ and $v$ are the angular orbital frequency and initial speed, respectively, and $\nu$ is the binary's symmetric mass ratio. We demonstrate how to apply the renormalization group method to resum solutions beyond leading order in two ways. First, we calculate the second order corrections of the leading radiation reaction force, which involves highly non-trivial checks of the formalism (i.e. its renormalizability). Second, we show how to systematically include post-Newtonian corrections to the radiation reaction force. By avoiding orbit averaging we gain predictive power and eliminate ambiguities in the initial conditions. Finally, we discuss how this methodology can be used to find analytic solutions to the spin equations of motion that are valid over long times.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Sep 2016 06:03:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-06-07
[ [ "Galley", "Chad R.", "" ], [ "Rothstein", "Ira Z.", "" ] ]
We utilize the dynamical renormalization group formalism to calculate the real space trajectory of a compact binary inspiral for long times via a systematic resummation of secularly growing terms. This method generates closed form solutions without orbit averaging, and the accuracy can be systematically improved. The expansion parameter is $v^5 \nu \Omega(t-t_0)$ where $t_0$ is the initial time, $t$ is the time elapsed, and $\Omega$ and $v$ are the angular orbital frequency and initial speed, respectively, and $\nu$ is the binary's symmetric mass ratio. We demonstrate how to apply the renormalization group method to resum solutions beyond leading order in two ways. First, we calculate the second order corrections of the leading radiation reaction force, which involves highly non-trivial checks of the formalism (i.e. its renormalizability). Second, we show how to systematically include post-Newtonian corrections to the radiation reaction force. By avoiding orbit averaging we gain predictive power and eliminate ambiguities in the initial conditions. Finally, we discuss how this methodology can be used to find analytic solutions to the spin equations of motion that are valid over long times.
1404.0862
Qasem Exirifard
Qasem Exirifard
Gauge Vectors-Tensor Gravity
7 pages, dynamical stability of the theory proved
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We review and extend the Gauge Vectors-Tensor gravity: a covariant theory of gravity composed of a metric and gauge fields, leading to simple second order partial differential equations of motion, whose Newtonian and strong limits coincide to those of the Einsten-Hilbert action but the physics of its very weak fields should be identified through observation. We show that GVT is at least as dynamically stable as the Einstein-Hilbert gravity. It accommodates the MOND paradigm. We study its gravitational light deflection. We show that the post Newtonian parameter of $\gamma$ vanishes in the MOND regime of GVT gravity. Since $\Lambda$CDM assumes that $\gamma=1$, this suggests to observationally measure the $\gamma$ parameter in the weak regime of gravity as either a test for $\Lambda$CDM or GVT models
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 Apr 2014 11:25:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 1 Jun 2014 11:04:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-06-03
[ [ "Exirifard", "Qasem", "" ] ]
We review and extend the Gauge Vectors-Tensor gravity: a covariant theory of gravity composed of a metric and gauge fields, leading to simple second order partial differential equations of motion, whose Newtonian and strong limits coincide to those of the Einsten-Hilbert action but the physics of its very weak fields should be identified through observation. We show that GVT is at least as dynamically stable as the Einstein-Hilbert gravity. It accommodates the MOND paradigm. We study its gravitational light deflection. We show that the post Newtonian parameter of $\gamma$ vanishes in the MOND regime of GVT gravity. Since $\Lambda$CDM assumes that $\gamma=1$, this suggests to observationally measure the $\gamma$ parameter in the weak regime of gravity as either a test for $\Lambda$CDM or GVT models
1906.05633
Aurelien Barrau
Flora Moulin, Aur\'elien Barrau
Analytical proof of the isospectrality of quasinormal modes for Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Schwarzschild-Anti de Sitter spacetimes
null
null
10.1007/s10714-020-02737-4
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The deep reason why the equations describing axial and polar perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes have the same spectrum is far from trivial. In this article, we revisit the original proof and try to make it clearer. Still focusing on uncharged and non-rotating black holes, we extend the results to spacetimes including a cosmological constant, which have so far mostly been investigated numerically from this perspective.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Jun 2019 12:31:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 15 Feb 2020 13:55:25 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Sep 2020 17:27:36 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-09-09
[ [ "Moulin", "Flora", "" ], [ "Barrau", "Aurélien", "" ] ]
The deep reason why the equations describing axial and polar perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes have the same spectrum is far from trivial. In this article, we revisit the original proof and try to make it clearer. Still focusing on uncharged and non-rotating black holes, we extend the results to spacetimes including a cosmological constant, which have so far mostly been investigated numerically from this perspective.
1204.0407
Marc Casals
Marc Casals and Brien C. Nolan
A Kirchhoff integral approach to the calculation of Green's functions beyond the normal neighbourhood
32 pages, 5 figures. Minor modifications throughout in version 2
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.024038
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a new method for investigating the global properties of the retarded Green's function $G_R(x',x)$ for fields propagating on an arbitrary globally hyperbolic spacetime. Our method combines the Hadamard form for $G_R$ (this form is only valid within a normal neighbourhood of $x$) together with Kirchhoff's integral representation for the field in order to calculate $G_R$ outside the maximal normal neighbourhood of $x$. As an example, we apply this method to the case of a scalar field on a black hole toy-model spacetime, the Pleba{\'n}ski-Hacyan spacetime, $\mathbb{M}_2\times\mathbb{S}^2$. The method allows us to determine in an exact manner that the singularity structure of the `direct' term in the Hadamard form for $G_R(x',x)$ changes from a form $\delta(\sigma)$ to `$1/\pi\sigma$' after the null geodesic joining $x$ and $x'$ has crossed a caustic point, where $\sigma$ is the world function. Furthermore, there is a change of form from a $\theta(-\sigma)$ to a `$-\ln|\sigma|/\pi$' in the `tail' term, which has not been explicitly noted before in the literature. We complement the results from the Kirchhoff integral method with an analysis for large-$\ell$ of the Green function modes. This analysis allows us to determine the singularity structure after null geodesics have crossed an arbitrary number of caustics, although it raises a causality issue which the Kirchhoff integral method resolves. Because of the similarity in the caustic structure of the spacetimes, we expect our main results for wave propagation to also be valid on Schwarzschild spacetime.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Apr 2012 13:46:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 11 Apr 2012 19:26:14 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-05-30
[ [ "Casals", "Marc", "" ], [ "Nolan", "Brien C.", "" ] ]
We propose a new method for investigating the global properties of the retarded Green's function $G_R(x',x)$ for fields propagating on an arbitrary globally hyperbolic spacetime. Our method combines the Hadamard form for $G_R$ (this form is only valid within a normal neighbourhood of $x$) together with Kirchhoff's integral representation for the field in order to calculate $G_R$ outside the maximal normal neighbourhood of $x$. As an example, we apply this method to the case of a scalar field on a black hole toy-model spacetime, the Pleba{\'n}ski-Hacyan spacetime, $\mathbb{M}_2\times\mathbb{S}^2$. The method allows us to determine in an exact manner that the singularity structure of the `direct' term in the Hadamard form for $G_R(x',x)$ changes from a form $\delta(\sigma)$ to `$1/\pi\sigma$' after the null geodesic joining $x$ and $x'$ has crossed a caustic point, where $\sigma$ is the world function. Furthermore, there is a change of form from a $\theta(-\sigma)$ to a `$-\ln|\sigma|/\pi$' in the `tail' term, which has not been explicitly noted before in the literature. We complement the results from the Kirchhoff integral method with an analysis for large-$\ell$ of the Green function modes. This analysis allows us to determine the singularity structure after null geodesics have crossed an arbitrary number of caustics, although it raises a causality issue which the Kirchhoff integral method resolves. Because of the similarity in the caustic structure of the spacetimes, we expect our main results for wave propagation to also be valid on Schwarzschild spacetime.
gr-qc/9802031
Marcelo Jose Reboucas
A. Bernui, G.I. Gomero, M.J. Reboucas, A.F.F. Teixeira
Radiation Damping in FRW Space-times with Different Topologies
13 pages, RevTeX, 5 figures, To appear in Phys. Rev. D 15, vol. 57 (1998)
Phys.Rev. D57 (1998) 4699-4706
10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4699
CBPF-NF-027/97
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
We study the role played by the compactness and the degree of connectedness in the time evolution of the energy of a radiating system in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) space-times whose $t=const $ spacelike sections are the Euclidean 3-manifold ${\cal R}^3$ and six topologically non-equivalent flat orientable compact multiply connected Riemannian 3-manifolds. An exponential damping of the energy $E(t)$ is present in the ${\cal R}^3$ case, whereas for the six compact flat 3-spaces it is found basically the same pattern for the evolution of the energy, namely relative minima and maxima occurring at different times (depending on the degree of connectedness) followed by a growth of $E(t)$. Likely reasons for this divergent behavior of $E(t)$ in these compact flat 3-manifolds are discussed and further developments are indicated. A misinterpretation of Wolf's results regarding one of the six orientable compact flat 3-manifolds is also indicated and rectified.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Feb 1998 20:37:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Bernui", "A.", "" ], [ "Gomero", "G. I.", "" ], [ "Reboucas", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Teixeira", "A. F. F.", "" ] ]
We study the role played by the compactness and the degree of connectedness in the time evolution of the energy of a radiating system in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) space-times whose $t=const $ spacelike sections are the Euclidean 3-manifold ${\cal R}^3$ and six topologically non-equivalent flat orientable compact multiply connected Riemannian 3-manifolds. An exponential damping of the energy $E(t)$ is present in the ${\cal R}^3$ case, whereas for the six compact flat 3-spaces it is found basically the same pattern for the evolution of the energy, namely relative minima and maxima occurring at different times (depending on the degree of connectedness) followed by a growth of $E(t)$. Likely reasons for this divergent behavior of $E(t)$ in these compact flat 3-manifolds are discussed and further developments are indicated. A misinterpretation of Wolf's results regarding one of the six orientable compact flat 3-manifolds is also indicated and rectified.
2011.08878
Sarah Habib
Sarah Habib, Antoni Ramos-Buades, E. A. Huerta, Sascha Husa, Roland Haas, Zachariah Etienne
Initial Data and Eccentricity Reduction Toolkit for Binary Black Hole Numerical Relativity Waveforms
11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Open source software available at: https://github.com/NCSAGravity/eccred
null
10.1088/1361-6382/abe691
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The production of numerical relativity waveforms that describe quasicircular binary black hole mergers requires high-quality initial data, and an algorithm to iteratively reduce residual eccentricity. To date, these tools remain closed source, or in commercial software that prevents their use in high performance computing platforms. To address these limitations, and to ensure that the broader numerical relativity community has access to these tools, herein we provide all the required elements to produce high-quality numerical relativity simulations in supercomputer platforms, namely: open source parameter files to numerical simulate spinning black hole binaries with asymmetric mass-ratios; open source $\texttt{Python}$ tools to produce high-quality initial data for numerical relativity simulations of spinning black hole binaries on quasi-circular orbits; open source $\texttt{Python}$ tools for eccentricity reduction, both as stand-alone software and deployed in the $\texttt{Einstein Toolkit}$'s software infrastructure. This open source toolkit fills in a critical void in the literature at a time when numerical relativity has an ever increasing role in the study and interpretation of gravitational wave sources. As part of our community building efforts, and to streamline and accelerate the use of these resources, we provide tutorials that describe, step by step, how to obtain and use these open source numerical relativity tools.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Nov 2020 19:10:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-06-09
[ [ "Habib", "Sarah", "" ], [ "Ramos-Buades", "Antoni", "" ], [ "Huerta", "E. A.", "" ], [ "Husa", "Sascha", "" ], [ "Haas", "Roland", "" ], [ "Etienne", "Zachariah", "" ] ]
The production of numerical relativity waveforms that describe quasicircular binary black hole mergers requires high-quality initial data, and an algorithm to iteratively reduce residual eccentricity. To date, these tools remain closed source, or in commercial software that prevents their use in high performance computing platforms. To address these limitations, and to ensure that the broader numerical relativity community has access to these tools, herein we provide all the required elements to produce high-quality numerical relativity simulations in supercomputer platforms, namely: open source parameter files to numerical simulate spinning black hole binaries with asymmetric mass-ratios; open source $\texttt{Python}$ tools to produce high-quality initial data for numerical relativity simulations of spinning black hole binaries on quasi-circular orbits; open source $\texttt{Python}$ tools for eccentricity reduction, both as stand-alone software and deployed in the $\texttt{Einstein Toolkit}$'s software infrastructure. This open source toolkit fills in a critical void in the literature at a time when numerical relativity has an ever increasing role in the study and interpretation of gravitational wave sources. As part of our community building efforts, and to streamline and accelerate the use of these resources, we provide tutorials that describe, step by step, how to obtain and use these open source numerical relativity tools.
1208.5102
Kent Yagi
Kent Yagi, Nicolas Yunes, Takahiro Tanaka
Gravitational Waves from Quasi-Circular Black Hole Binaries in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity
6 pages, 1 figure; errors corrected in Eqs. (8) and (9)
Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 251105 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.251105
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Dynamical Chern-Simons gravity cannot be strongly constrained with current experiments because it reduces to General Relativity in the weak-field limit. This theory, however, introduces modifications in the non-linear, dynamical regime, and thus, it could be greatly constrained with gravitational waves from the late inspiral of black hole binaries. We complete the first self-consistent calculation of such gravitational waves in this theory. For favorable spin-orientations, advanced ground-based detectors may improve existing solar-system constraints by 6 orders of magnitude.
[ { "created": "Sat, 25 Aug 2012 05:26:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Feb 2013 06:02:22 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Apr 2016 15:22:59 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Jan 2020 06:36:50 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2020-01-03
[ [ "Yagi", "Kent", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Tanaka", "Takahiro", "" ] ]
Dynamical Chern-Simons gravity cannot be strongly constrained with current experiments because it reduces to General Relativity in the weak-field limit. This theory, however, introduces modifications in the non-linear, dynamical regime, and thus, it could be greatly constrained with gravitational waves from the late inspiral of black hole binaries. We complete the first self-consistent calculation of such gravitational waves in this theory. For favorable spin-orientations, advanced ground-based detectors may improve existing solar-system constraints by 6 orders of magnitude.
0805.1241
Jorge P\'aramos
O. Bertolami and J. P\'aramos
On the non-minimal gravitational coupling to matter
11 pages
Class.Quant.Grav.25:245017,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/24/245017
DF/IST-2.2008
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The connection between $f(R)$ theories of gravity and scalar-tensor models with a "physical" metric coupled to the scalar field is well known. In this work, we pursue the equivalence between a suitable scalar theory and a model that generalises the $f(R)$ scenario, encompassing both a non-trivial scalar curvature term and a non-minimum coupling of the scalar curvature and matter. This equivalence allows for the calculation of the PPN parameters $\beta$ and $\gamma$ and, eventually, a solution to the debate concerning the weak-field limit of $f(R)$ theories.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 May 2008 20:25:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Aug 2008 19:08:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-01-01
[ [ "Bertolami", "O.", "" ], [ "Páramos", "J.", "" ] ]
The connection between $f(R)$ theories of gravity and scalar-tensor models with a "physical" metric coupled to the scalar field is well known. In this work, we pursue the equivalence between a suitable scalar theory and a model that generalises the $f(R)$ scenario, encompassing both a non-trivial scalar curvature term and a non-minimum coupling of the scalar curvature and matter. This equivalence allows for the calculation of the PPN parameters $\beta$ and $\gamma$ and, eventually, a solution to the debate concerning the weak-field limit of $f(R)$ theories.
1105.4336
Daniele Malafarina
Pankaj S. Joshi and Daniele Malafarina
Instability of black hole formation under small pressure perturbations
7 pages, 1 figure, several modifications to match published version on GRG
null
10.1007/s10714-012-1471-z
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate here the spectrum of gravitational collapse endstates when arbitrarily small perfect fluid pressures are introduced in the classic black hole formation scenario as described by Oppenheimer, Snyder and Datt (OSD) [1]. This extends a previous result on tangential pressures [2] to the more physically realistic scenario of perfect fluid collapse. The existence of classes of pressure perturbations is shown explicitly, which has the property that injecting any smallest pressure changes the final fate of the dynamical collapse from a black hole to a naked singularity. It is therefore seen that any smallest neighborhood of the OSD model, in the space of initial data, contains collapse evolutions that go to a naked singularity outcome. This gives an intriguing insight on the nature of naked singularity formation in gravitational collapse.
[ { "created": "Sun, 22 May 2011 13:13:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Nov 2012 08:34:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-11-15
[ [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ], [ "Malafarina", "Daniele", "" ] ]
We investigate here the spectrum of gravitational collapse endstates when arbitrarily small perfect fluid pressures are introduced in the classic black hole formation scenario as described by Oppenheimer, Snyder and Datt (OSD) [1]. This extends a previous result on tangential pressures [2] to the more physically realistic scenario of perfect fluid collapse. The existence of classes of pressure perturbations is shown explicitly, which has the property that injecting any smallest pressure changes the final fate of the dynamical collapse from a black hole to a naked singularity. It is therefore seen that any smallest neighborhood of the OSD model, in the space of initial data, contains collapse evolutions that go to a naked singularity outcome. This gives an intriguing insight on the nature of naked singularity formation in gravitational collapse.
2010.04006
Hossein Ghaffarnejad
Hossein Ghaffarnejad and Elham Ghasemi Kordkheilee
Thermodynamics phase transition of Anti de Sitter Schwarzschild scalar-tensor-vector-Black Holes
21 pages, 4 figures
Iranian Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023
10.22128/ijaa.2022.592.1124
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Instead of scalar tensor gravity models which is applicable for description of cosmic inflation with unknown dark sector of matter/energy, at presentense there are presented different alternative scalar tensor vector gravities where meaningful dynamical vector fields can support cosmic inflation well without to use dark matter/energy concept. One of these gravity models was presented by Moffat which its modified Schwarzschild black hole solution is used to study thermodynamic phase transition in presence of the AdS space pressure in this article. To do so we obtained an equation of state which asymptotically reaches to equation of state of ideal gas for large black holes but for small scale black holes we obtained a critical point at phase space where the black hole can be exhibit with a phase transition at processes of isotherm and isobaric. By looking at diagrams of the Gibbs free energy and the heat capacity at constant pressure which are plotted versus the temperature and the specific volume one can see an inflection point which means that the phase transition is type of second order. In fact there is small to large phase transition for the black hole which is equivalent to the Van der Waals liquid-gas phase transition in ordinary thermodynamic systems. The phase transition is happened below the critical point in phase space when the gravitational charge of the black hole is equal to its mass.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Oct 2020 17:33:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Dec 2020 23:29:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-01-24
[ [ "Ghaffarnejad", "Hossein", "" ], [ "Kordkheilee", "Elham Ghasemi", "" ] ]
Instead of scalar tensor gravity models which is applicable for description of cosmic inflation with unknown dark sector of matter/energy, at presentense there are presented different alternative scalar tensor vector gravities where meaningful dynamical vector fields can support cosmic inflation well without to use dark matter/energy concept. One of these gravity models was presented by Moffat which its modified Schwarzschild black hole solution is used to study thermodynamic phase transition in presence of the AdS space pressure in this article. To do so we obtained an equation of state which asymptotically reaches to equation of state of ideal gas for large black holes but for small scale black holes we obtained a critical point at phase space where the black hole can be exhibit with a phase transition at processes of isotherm and isobaric. By looking at diagrams of the Gibbs free energy and the heat capacity at constant pressure which are plotted versus the temperature and the specific volume one can see an inflection point which means that the phase transition is type of second order. In fact there is small to large phase transition for the black hole which is equivalent to the Van der Waals liquid-gas phase transition in ordinary thermodynamic systems. The phase transition is happened below the critical point in phase space when the gravitational charge of the black hole is equal to its mass.
2112.11851
Maximilian K\"olsch
Maximilian K\"olsch, Tim Dietrich, Maximiliano Ujevic, Bernd Bruegmann
Investigating the mass-ratio dependence of the prompt-collapse threshold with numerical-relativity simulations
26 pages, 18 figures, 16 tables
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.044026
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The next observing runs of advanced gravitational-wave detectors will lead to a variety of binary neutron star detections and numerous possibilities for multi-messenger observations of binary neutron star systems. In this context a clear understanding of the merger process and the possibility of prompt black hole formation after merger is important, as the amount of ejected material strongly depends on the merger dynamics. These dynamics are primarily affected by the total mass of the binary, however, the mass ratio also influences the postmerger evolution. To determine the effect of the mass ratio, we investigate the parameter space around the prompt-collapse threshold with a new set of fully relativistic simulations. The simulations cover three equations of state and seven mass ratios in the range of $1.0 \leq q \leq 1.75$, with five to seven simulations of binary systems of different total mass in each case. The threshold mass is determined through an empirical relation based on the collapse-time, which allows us to investigate effects of the mass-ratio on the threshold mass and also on the properties of the remnant system. Furthermore, we model effects of mass ratio and equation of state on tidal parameters of threshold configurations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Dec 2021 12:58:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-31
[ [ "Kölsch", "Maximilian", "" ], [ "Dietrich", "Tim", "" ], [ "Ujevic", "Maximiliano", "" ], [ "Bruegmann", "Bernd", "" ] ]
The next observing runs of advanced gravitational-wave detectors will lead to a variety of binary neutron star detections and numerous possibilities for multi-messenger observations of binary neutron star systems. In this context a clear understanding of the merger process and the possibility of prompt black hole formation after merger is important, as the amount of ejected material strongly depends on the merger dynamics. These dynamics are primarily affected by the total mass of the binary, however, the mass ratio also influences the postmerger evolution. To determine the effect of the mass ratio, we investigate the parameter space around the prompt-collapse threshold with a new set of fully relativistic simulations. The simulations cover three equations of state and seven mass ratios in the range of $1.0 \leq q \leq 1.75$, with five to seven simulations of binary systems of different total mass in each case. The threshold mass is determined through an empirical relation based on the collapse-time, which allows us to investigate effects of the mass-ratio on the threshold mass and also on the properties of the remnant system. Furthermore, we model effects of mass ratio and equation of state on tidal parameters of threshold configurations.
1510.00595
Cl\'audio Nassif Cruz
Cl\'audio Nassif
An explanation for the tiny value of the cosmological constant and the low vacuum energy density
26 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1211.3612, arXiv:0805.1201, arXiv:0711.4897, arXiv:1308.5258
General Relativity and Gravitation Vol.47, 9, p.1-34 (2015)
10.1007/s10714-015-1939-8
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The paper aims to provide an explanation for the tiny value of the cosmological constant and the low vacuum energy density to represent the dark energy. To accomplish this, we will search for a fundamental principle of symmetry in space-time by means of the elimination of the classical idea of rest, by including an invariant minimum limit of speed in the subatomic world. Such a minimum speed, unattainable by particles, represents a preferred reference frame associated with a background field that breaks down the Lorentz symmetry. The metric of the flat space-time shall include the presence of a uniform vacuum energy density, which leads to a negative pressure at cosmological length scales. Thus, the equation of state for the cosmological constant [$p$(pressure)$=- \epsilon$ (energy density)] naturally emerges from such a space-time with an energy barrier of a minimum speed. The tiny values of the cosmological constant and the vacuum energy density will be successfully obtained, being in agreement with the observational results of Perlmutter, Schmidt and Riess.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Sep 2015 21:42:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Nov 2016 18:37:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-11-14
[ [ "Nassif", "Cláudio", "" ] ]
The paper aims to provide an explanation for the tiny value of the cosmological constant and the low vacuum energy density to represent the dark energy. To accomplish this, we will search for a fundamental principle of symmetry in space-time by means of the elimination of the classical idea of rest, by including an invariant minimum limit of speed in the subatomic world. Such a minimum speed, unattainable by particles, represents a preferred reference frame associated with a background field that breaks down the Lorentz symmetry. The metric of the flat space-time shall include the presence of a uniform vacuum energy density, which leads to a negative pressure at cosmological length scales. Thus, the equation of state for the cosmological constant [$p$(pressure)$=- \epsilon$ (energy density)] naturally emerges from such a space-time with an energy barrier of a minimum speed. The tiny values of the cosmological constant and the vacuum energy density will be successfully obtained, being in agreement with the observational results of Perlmutter, Schmidt and Riess.
gr-qc/0207001
J. Ponce de Leon
J. Ponce de Leon
Variation of G, $\Lambda_{(4)}$ and Vacuum Energy From Brane-World Models
In version 2 an error noticed by the author is fixed, and the corresponding changes are made. Version 3 is identical to v2, except for a couple of typos corrected. V3 will appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Mod.Phys.Lett. A17 (2002) 2425-2441
10.1142/S0217732302009143
null
gr-qc
null
In brane-world theory in five dimensions, the bulk metric is usually written in gaussian coordinates, where $g_{4\mu} = 0$ and $g_{44} = - 1$. However, the choice $g_{44} = - 1$ is an external condition, not a requirement of the field equations. In this paper we study the consequences of having $g_{44} = \epsilon \Phi^2$, where $\epsilon = \pm 1$ and $\Phi$ is a scalar function varying with time, $\dot{\Phi} \neq 0$. This varying field entails the possibility of variable fundamental physical "constants". These variations are different from those predicted in scalar-tensor and multidimensional theories. We solve the five-dimensional equations for a {\em fixed} brane and use the brane-world paradigm to determine the fundamental parameters in the theory, which are the vacuum energy $\sigma$, the gravitational coupling $G$ and the cosmological term $\Lambda_{(4)}$. We present specific models where these physical quantities are variable functions of time. Different scenarios are possible but we discuss with some detail a model for which $\dot{G}/G \sim H$ and $\Lambda_{(4)} \sim H^2$, which seems to be favored by observations. Our results are not in contradiction to previous ones in the literature. In particular, to those where the brane is described as a domain wall moving in a static $Sch-AdS$ bulk. Indeed these latter models in RS scenarios describe the same spacetime as other solutions (with fixed brane) in gaussian coordinates with $\dot{\Phi} = 0 $. We conclude that the introduction of a time-varying $\Phi$ in brane-world theory yields a number of models that show variation in the fundamental physical "constants" and exhibit reasonable physical properties.
[ { "created": "Sat, 29 Jun 2002 07:25:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 17 Nov 2002 22:57:05 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Nov 2002 22:20:27 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "de Leon", "J. Ponce", "" ] ]
In brane-world theory in five dimensions, the bulk metric is usually written in gaussian coordinates, where $g_{4\mu} = 0$ and $g_{44} = - 1$. However, the choice $g_{44} = - 1$ is an external condition, not a requirement of the field equations. In this paper we study the consequences of having $g_{44} = \epsilon \Phi^2$, where $\epsilon = \pm 1$ and $\Phi$ is a scalar function varying with time, $\dot{\Phi} \neq 0$. This varying field entails the possibility of variable fundamental physical "constants". These variations are different from those predicted in scalar-tensor and multidimensional theories. We solve the five-dimensional equations for a {\em fixed} brane and use the brane-world paradigm to determine the fundamental parameters in the theory, which are the vacuum energy $\sigma$, the gravitational coupling $G$ and the cosmological term $\Lambda_{(4)}$. We present specific models where these physical quantities are variable functions of time. Different scenarios are possible but we discuss with some detail a model for which $\dot{G}/G \sim H$ and $\Lambda_{(4)} \sim H^2$, which seems to be favored by observations. Our results are not in contradiction to previous ones in the literature. In particular, to those where the brane is described as a domain wall moving in a static $Sch-AdS$ bulk. Indeed these latter models in RS scenarios describe the same spacetime as other solutions (with fixed brane) in gaussian coordinates with $\dot{\Phi} = 0 $. We conclude that the introduction of a time-varying $\Phi$ in brane-world theory yields a number of models that show variation in the fundamental physical "constants" and exhibit reasonable physical properties.
gr-qc/9607012
Alessando Fabbri
R. Balbinot and A. Fabbri
Two-dimensional black holes in accelerated frames: quantum aspects
18 pages, harvmac, 2 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 14 (1997) 463-476
10.1088/0264-9381/14/2/019
SISSA-ISAS/100/96/EP
gr-qc
null
By considering charged black hole solutions of a one parameter family of two dimensional dilaton gravity theories, one finds the existence of quantum mechanically stable gravitational kinks with a simple mass to charge relation. Unlike their Einsteinian counterpart (i.e. extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"om), these have nonvanishing horizon surface gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Jul 1996 17:10:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Balbinot", "R.", "" ], [ "Fabbri", "A.", "" ] ]
By considering charged black hole solutions of a one parameter family of two dimensional dilaton gravity theories, one finds the existence of quantum mechanically stable gravitational kinks with a simple mass to charge relation. Unlike their Einsteinian counterpart (i.e. extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"om), these have nonvanishing horizon surface gravity.
2104.00804
Alex Pandya
Alex Pandya, Frans Pretorius
A numerical exploration of first-order relativistic hydrodynamics
24 pages, 11 figures; updated to match accepted version (PRD)
Phys. Rev. D 104, 023015 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.023015
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the first numerical solutions of the causal, stable relativistic Navier-Stokes equations as formulated by Bemfica, Disconzi, Noronha, and Kovtun (BDNK). For this initial investigation we restrict to plane-symmetric configurations of a conformal fluid in Minkowski spacetime. We consider evolution of three classes of initial data: a smooth (initially) stationary concentration of energy, a standard shock tube setup, and a smooth shockwave setup. We compare these solutions to those obtained with the Muller-Israel-Stewart (MIS) formalism, variants of which are the common tools used to model relativistic, viscous fluids. We find that for the two smooth initial data cases, simple finite difference methods are adequate to obtain stable, convergent solutions to the BDNK equations. For low viscosity, the MIS and BDNK evolutions show good agreement. At high viscosity the solutions begin to differ in regions with large gradients, and there the BDNK solutions can (as expected) exhibit violation of the weak energy condition. This behavior is transient, and the solutions evolve toward a hydrodynamic regime in a way reminiscent of an approach to a universal attractor. For the shockwave problem, we give evidence that if a hydrodynamic frame is chosen so that the maximum characteristic speed of the BDNK system is the speed of light (or larger), arbitrarily strong shockwaves are smoothly resolved. Regarding the shock tube problem, it is unclear whether discontinuous initial data is mathematically well-posed for the BDNK system, even in a weak sense. Nevertheless we attempt numerical solution, and then need to treat the perfect fluid terms using high-resolution shock-capturing methods. When such methods can successfully evolve the solution beyond the initial time, subsequent evolution agrees with corresponding MIS solutions, as well as the perfect fluid solution in the limit of zero viscosity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2021 23:36:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Jun 2021 15:48:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-07-21
[ [ "Pandya", "Alex", "" ], [ "Pretorius", "Frans", "" ] ]
We present the first numerical solutions of the causal, stable relativistic Navier-Stokes equations as formulated by Bemfica, Disconzi, Noronha, and Kovtun (BDNK). For this initial investigation we restrict to plane-symmetric configurations of a conformal fluid in Minkowski spacetime. We consider evolution of three classes of initial data: a smooth (initially) stationary concentration of energy, a standard shock tube setup, and a smooth shockwave setup. We compare these solutions to those obtained with the Muller-Israel-Stewart (MIS) formalism, variants of which are the common tools used to model relativistic, viscous fluids. We find that for the two smooth initial data cases, simple finite difference methods are adequate to obtain stable, convergent solutions to the BDNK equations. For low viscosity, the MIS and BDNK evolutions show good agreement. At high viscosity the solutions begin to differ in regions with large gradients, and there the BDNK solutions can (as expected) exhibit violation of the weak energy condition. This behavior is transient, and the solutions evolve toward a hydrodynamic regime in a way reminiscent of an approach to a universal attractor. For the shockwave problem, we give evidence that if a hydrodynamic frame is chosen so that the maximum characteristic speed of the BDNK system is the speed of light (or larger), arbitrarily strong shockwaves are smoothly resolved. Regarding the shock tube problem, it is unclear whether discontinuous initial data is mathematically well-posed for the BDNK system, even in a weak sense. Nevertheless we attempt numerical solution, and then need to treat the perfect fluid terms using high-resolution shock-capturing methods. When such methods can successfully evolve the solution beyond the initial time, subsequent evolution agrees with corresponding MIS solutions, as well as the perfect fluid solution in the limit of zero viscosity.
0804.4348
Sergei Rubin
S. G. Rubin
Cascade Birth of Universes in Multidimensional Spaces
10 p., minor corrections
Sov.Phys.JETP.106:715,2008; J.Exp.Theor.Phys.106:714-722,2008
10.1134/S1063776108040109
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The formation mechanism of universes with distinctly different properties is considered within the framework of pure gravity in a space of D > 4 dimensions. The emergence of the Planck scale and its relationship to the inflaton mass are discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Apr 2008 14:38:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Rubin", "S. G.", "" ] ]
The formation mechanism of universes with distinctly different properties is considered within the framework of pure gravity in a space of D > 4 dimensions. The emergence of the Planck scale and its relationship to the inflaton mass are discussed.
1812.11557
Salvatore Capozziello
Salvatore Capozziello, Maurizio Capriolo, Loredana Caso
Weak field limit and gravitational waves in higher-order gravity
21 pages, to appear in Int.J.Geom.Meth.Mod.Phys
Int.J.Geom.Meth.Mod.Phys. (2019)
10.1142/S0219887819500476
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the weak field limit for a gravitational Lagrangian density $L_{g}=(R+a_{0}R^{2}+\sum_{k=1}^{p} a_{k}R\Box^{k}R)\sqrt{-g}$ where higher-order derivative terms in the Ricci scalar $R$ are taken into account. The interest for this kind of effective theories comes out from the consideration of the infrared and ultraviolet behaviors of gravitational field and, in general, from the formulation of quantum field theory in curved spacetimes. Here, we obtain solutions in weak field regime both in vacuum and in the presence of matter and derive gravitational waves considering the contribution of $R\Box^{k}R$ terms. By using a suitable set of coefficients $a_{k}$, it is possible to find up to $(p+2)$ normal modes of oscillation with six polarization states with helicity 0 or 2. Here $p$ is the higher order term in the $\Box$ operator appearing in the gravitational Lagrangian. More specifically: the mode $\omega_{1}$, with $k^{2}=0$, has transverse polarizations $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(+\right)}$ and $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(\times\right)}$ with helicity 2; the $(p+1)$ modes $\omega_{m}$, with $k^{2}\neq0$, have transverse polarizations $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(1\right)}$ and non-transverse ones $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(\text{TT}\right)}$, $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(\text{TS}\right)}$, $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(L\right)}$ with helicity 0.
[ { "created": "Sun, 30 Dec 2018 15:31:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 12 Jan 2019 15:32:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-02-11
[ [ "Capozziello", "Salvatore", "" ], [ "Capriolo", "Maurizio", "" ], [ "Caso", "Loredana", "" ] ]
We derive the weak field limit for a gravitational Lagrangian density $L_{g}=(R+a_{0}R^{2}+\sum_{k=1}^{p} a_{k}R\Box^{k}R)\sqrt{-g}$ where higher-order derivative terms in the Ricci scalar $R$ are taken into account. The interest for this kind of effective theories comes out from the consideration of the infrared and ultraviolet behaviors of gravitational field and, in general, from the formulation of quantum field theory in curved spacetimes. Here, we obtain solutions in weak field regime both in vacuum and in the presence of matter and derive gravitational waves considering the contribution of $R\Box^{k}R$ terms. By using a suitable set of coefficients $a_{k}$, it is possible to find up to $(p+2)$ normal modes of oscillation with six polarization states with helicity 0 or 2. Here $p$ is the higher order term in the $\Box$ operator appearing in the gravitational Lagrangian. More specifically: the mode $\omega_{1}$, with $k^{2}=0$, has transverse polarizations $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(+\right)}$ and $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(\times\right)}$ with helicity 2; the $(p+1)$ modes $\omega_{m}$, with $k^{2}\neq0$, have transverse polarizations $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(1\right)}$ and non-transverse ones $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(\text{TT}\right)}$, $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(\text{TS}\right)}$, $\epsilon_{\mu\nu}^{\left(L\right)}$ with helicity 0.
2109.03113
Hai-Tian Wang
Hai-Tian Wang, Yi-Ming Hu, Peng-Cheng Li, and Yi-Zhong Fan
Probing chromatic onsets of gravitational wave overtones
6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted by PRD
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.043012
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The ringdown data of both GW150914 and GW190521\_074359 (GW190521r) show evidence supporting the presence of overtone. Previous studies all adopt a fundamental assumption, which were motivated more by convenience than by first principles, that the first overtone and the fundamental mode share a same onset. In this work, for the first time we relax such assumption, and we aim to probe the possible chromatic onsets of these two components within the GW150914 and GW190521r ringdown data. For both events, we bound the onset lags to be $\Delta t_0\geq 5M_f$ at probabilities of $\geq 94.7\%$, where $M_f$ is the mass of the remnant black hole formed in the merger. This result moderately favours the non-simultaneous excitation between the fundamental mode and the first overtone in the ringdown.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Sep 2021 14:21:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Jan 2022 09:29:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-02-22
[ [ "Wang", "Hai-Tian", "" ], [ "Hu", "Yi-Ming", "" ], [ "Li", "Peng-Cheng", "" ], [ "Fan", "Yi-Zhong", "" ] ]
The ringdown data of both GW150914 and GW190521\_074359 (GW190521r) show evidence supporting the presence of overtone. Previous studies all adopt a fundamental assumption, which were motivated more by convenience than by first principles, that the first overtone and the fundamental mode share a same onset. In this work, for the first time we relax such assumption, and we aim to probe the possible chromatic onsets of these two components within the GW150914 and GW190521r ringdown data. For both events, we bound the onset lags to be $\Delta t_0\geq 5M_f$ at probabilities of $\geq 94.7\%$, where $M_f$ is the mass of the remnant black hole formed in the merger. This result moderately favours the non-simultaneous excitation between the fundamental mode and the first overtone in the ringdown.
1707.09505
Yuri Pavlov
A. A. Grib, Yu. V. Pavlov
Back reaction of the gravitational radiation on the metric of spacetime
9 pages, no figures. New version matches the published version, includes adding references and corrections mainly in section 4
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27 (2018) 1850071
10.1142/S0218271818500712
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The problem of back reaction of the gravitational radiation of the two merging black holes on the metric of the spacetime is investigated. It is shown for some models that large energy density of the gravitational waves close to the merger can lead to the disappearance of the visible accretion disc of the merged pair of black holes.
[ { "created": "Sat, 29 Jul 2017 12:40:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Mar 2018 11:13:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-03-07
[ [ "Grib", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Pavlov", "Yu. V.", "" ] ]
The problem of back reaction of the gravitational radiation of the two merging black holes on the metric of the spacetime is investigated. It is shown for some models that large energy density of the gravitational waves close to the merger can lead to the disappearance of the visible accretion disc of the merged pair of black holes.
1612.04124
Nelson Videla Dr.
Nelson Videla
Hamilton-Jacobi approach for quasi-exponential inflation: predictions and constraints after Planck 2015 results
21 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected, version accepted for publication in EPJC. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.04888
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4711-2
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the present work we study the consequences of considering an inflationary universe model in which the Hubble rate has a quasi-exponential dependence in the inflaton field, given by $H(\phi)=H_{inf}\exp \left[\frac{\frac{\phi}{m_p}}{p\left(1+\frac{\phi}{m_p}\right)}\right]$. We analyze the inflation dynamics under the Hamilton-Jacobi approach, which allows us to consider $H(\phi)$, rather than $V(\phi)$, as the fundamental quantity to be specified. By comparing the theoretical predictions of the model together with the allowed contour plots in the $n_s-r$ plane and the amplitude of primordial scalar perturbations from the latest Planck data, the parameters charactering this model are constrained. The model predicts values for the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and for the running of the scalar spectral index $dn_s/ d\ln k$ consistent with the current bounds imposed by Planck, and we conclude that the model is viable.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Dec 2016 12:25:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Feb 2017 17:52:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Feb 2017 13:19:14 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-04-05
[ [ "Videla", "Nelson", "" ] ]
In the present work we study the consequences of considering an inflationary universe model in which the Hubble rate has a quasi-exponential dependence in the inflaton field, given by $H(\phi)=H_{inf}\exp \left[\frac{\frac{\phi}{m_p}}{p\left(1+\frac{\phi}{m_p}\right)}\right]$. We analyze the inflation dynamics under the Hamilton-Jacobi approach, which allows us to consider $H(\phi)$, rather than $V(\phi)$, as the fundamental quantity to be specified. By comparing the theoretical predictions of the model together with the allowed contour plots in the $n_s-r$ plane and the amplitude of primordial scalar perturbations from the latest Planck data, the parameters charactering this model are constrained. The model predicts values for the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and for the running of the scalar spectral index $dn_s/ d\ln k$ consistent with the current bounds imposed by Planck, and we conclude that the model is viable.
2305.07060
Carlos M. Reyes
Carlos M. Reyes and Marco Schreck
The boundary of the gravitational Standard-Model Extension
17 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A modification of General Relativity that is based on the gravitational Standard-Model Extension and incorporates nondynamical background fields has recently been studied via the ADM formalism. Our objective in this paper is to develop a better understanding of the additional contributions that arise on the spacetime boundary $\partial M$. An extension of the previously introduced boundary terms, which are relevant in the context of asymptotically flat spacetimes, follows from the decomposition of $\partial M$ into timelike and spacelike hypersurfaces. Furthermore, we present an alternative method of deriving the field equations satisfied by the induced metric on the purely spacelike hypersurfaces of the foliated spacetime. This leads to the dynamical part of the Einstein equations modified by the background fields. Our results have the potential to be applicable in various contexts such as modified black holes and cosmology.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 May 2023 18:00:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-05-15
[ [ "Reyes", "Carlos M.", "" ], [ "Schreck", "Marco", "" ] ]
A modification of General Relativity that is based on the gravitational Standard-Model Extension and incorporates nondynamical background fields has recently been studied via the ADM formalism. Our objective in this paper is to develop a better understanding of the additional contributions that arise on the spacetime boundary $\partial M$. An extension of the previously introduced boundary terms, which are relevant in the context of asymptotically flat spacetimes, follows from the decomposition of $\partial M$ into timelike and spacelike hypersurfaces. Furthermore, we present an alternative method of deriving the field equations satisfied by the induced metric on the purely spacelike hypersurfaces of the foliated spacetime. This leads to the dynamical part of the Einstein equations modified by the background fields. Our results have the potential to be applicable in various contexts such as modified black holes and cosmology.
1105.3704
Norbert Bodendorfer
Norbert Bodendorfer, Thomas Thiemann, Andreas Thurn
New Variables for Classical and Quantum Gravity in all Dimensions II. Lagrangian Analysis
42 pages. v2: Journal version. Some nonessential sign errors in section 2 corrected. Minor clarifications
Class. Quantum Grav. 30 (2013) 045002
10.1088/0264-9381/30/4/045002
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We rederive the results of our companion paper, for matching spacetime and internal signature, by applying in detail the Dirac algorithm to the Palatini action. While the constraint set of the Palatini action contains second class constraints, by an appeal to the method of gauge unfixing, we map the second class system to an equivalent first class system which turns out to be identical to the first class constraint system obtained via the extension of the ADM phase space performed in our companion paper. Central to our analysis is again the appropriate treatment of the simplicity constraint. Remarkably, the simplicity constraint invariant extension of the Hamiltonian constraint, that is a necessary step in the gauge unfixing procedure, involves a correction term which is precisely the one found in the companion paper and which makes sure that the Hamiltonian constraint derived from the Palatini Lagrangian coincides with the ADM Hamiltonian constraint when Gauss and simplicity constraints are satisfied. We therefore have rederived our new connection formulation of General Relativity from an independent starting point, thus confirming the consistency of this framework.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2011 18:24:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 12 Feb 2013 18:40:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-02-13
[ [ "Bodendorfer", "Norbert", "" ], [ "Thiemann", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Thurn", "Andreas", "" ] ]
We rederive the results of our companion paper, for matching spacetime and internal signature, by applying in detail the Dirac algorithm to the Palatini action. While the constraint set of the Palatini action contains second class constraints, by an appeal to the method of gauge unfixing, we map the second class system to an equivalent first class system which turns out to be identical to the first class constraint system obtained via the extension of the ADM phase space performed in our companion paper. Central to our analysis is again the appropriate treatment of the simplicity constraint. Remarkably, the simplicity constraint invariant extension of the Hamiltonian constraint, that is a necessary step in the gauge unfixing procedure, involves a correction term which is precisely the one found in the companion paper and which makes sure that the Hamiltonian constraint derived from the Palatini Lagrangian coincides with the ADM Hamiltonian constraint when Gauss and simplicity constraints are satisfied. We therefore have rederived our new connection formulation of General Relativity from an independent starting point, thus confirming the consistency of this framework.
gr-qc/0702138
Hideaki Kudoh
Yu-ichi Takamizu, Hideaki Kudoh, Kei-ichi Maeda
Dynamics of colliding branes and black brane production
5 pages, 5 figures references added
Phys.Rev.D75:061304,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.061304
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
We study the dynamics of colliding domain walls including self-gravity. The initial data is set up by applying a BPS domain wall in five-dimensional supergravity, and we evolve the system determining the final outcome of collisions. After a collision, a spacelike curvature singularity covered by a horizon is formed in the bulk, resulting in a black brane with trapped domain walls. This is a generic consequence of collisions, except for non-relativistic weak field cases, in which the walls pass through one another or multiple bounces take place without singularity formation. These results show that incorporating the self-gravity drastically changes a naive picture of colliding branes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Feb 2007 21:28:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 2 Apr 2007 10:00:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Takamizu", "Yu-ichi", "" ], [ "Kudoh", "Hideaki", "" ], [ "Maeda", "Kei-ichi", "" ] ]
We study the dynamics of colliding domain walls including self-gravity. The initial data is set up by applying a BPS domain wall in five-dimensional supergravity, and we evolve the system determining the final outcome of collisions. After a collision, a spacelike curvature singularity covered by a horizon is formed in the bulk, resulting in a black brane with trapped domain walls. This is a generic consequence of collisions, except for non-relativistic weak field cases, in which the walls pass through one another or multiple bounces take place without singularity formation. These results show that incorporating the self-gravity drastically changes a naive picture of colliding branes.
gr-qc/9812051
WU Zhong Chao
Wu Zhong Chao (Beijing Normal University)
Entropy of Constrained Gravitational Instanton
8 pages
Gen.Rel.Grav. 31 (1999) 1097-1103
null
Beijing preprint 98-110
gr-qc
null
The seeds for quantum creations of universes are constrained gravitational instantons. For all compact constrained instantons with U(1) isometry, the period $\beta$ of the group parameter $\tau$ is identified as the reciprocal of the temperature. If $\beta$ remains a free parameter under the constraints, then the Euclidean action becomes the negative of the "entropy". As examples, we perform the calculations for the Taub-NUT and Taub-bolt-type models and study the quantum creation of the Taub-NUT universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Dec 1998 17:12:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Dec 1998 19:03:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Chao", "Wu Zhong", "", "Beijing Normal University" ] ]
The seeds for quantum creations of universes are constrained gravitational instantons. For all compact constrained instantons with U(1) isometry, the period $\beta$ of the group parameter $\tau$ is identified as the reciprocal of the temperature. If $\beta$ remains a free parameter under the constraints, then the Euclidean action becomes the negative of the "entropy". As examples, we perform the calculations for the Taub-NUT and Taub-bolt-type models and study the quantum creation of the Taub-NUT universe.
0710.0819
Jannie Leach
Naureen Goheer, Jannie A. Leach and Peter K.S. Dunsby
Compactifying the state space for alternative theories of gravity
18 pages, revised to match published version
Class.Quant.Grav.25:035013,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/3/035013
null
gr-qc astro-ph math.DS
null
In this paper we address important issues surrounding the choice of variables when performing a dynamical systems analysis of alternative theories of gravity. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of compactifying the state space, and illustrate this using two examples. We first show how to define a compact state space for the class of LRS Bianchi type I models in $R^n$-gravity and compare to a non--compact expansion--normalised approach. In the second example we consider the flat Friedmann matter subspace of the previous example, and compare the compact analysis to studies where non-compact non--expansion--normalised variables were used. In both examples we comment on the existence of bouncing or recollapsing orbits as well as the existence of static models.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Oct 2007 17:38:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 Jan 2008 14:49:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Goheer", "Naureen", "" ], [ "Leach", "Jannie A.", "" ], [ "Dunsby", "Peter K. S.", "" ] ]
In this paper we address important issues surrounding the choice of variables when performing a dynamical systems analysis of alternative theories of gravity. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of compactifying the state space, and illustrate this using two examples. We first show how to define a compact state space for the class of LRS Bianchi type I models in $R^n$-gravity and compare to a non--compact expansion--normalised approach. In the second example we consider the flat Friedmann matter subspace of the previous example, and compare the compact analysis to studies where non-compact non--expansion--normalised variables were used. In both examples we comment on the existence of bouncing or recollapsing orbits as well as the existence of static models.
1612.08187
Manuel Hohmann
Manuel Hohmann, Christian Pfeifer
Geodesics and the magnitude-redshift relation on cosmologically symmetric Finsler spacetimes
34 pages, no figures; journal version
Phys. Rev. D 95, 104021 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.104021
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the geodesic motion of both massive test particles, following timelike geodesics, and light, following null geodesics, on Finsler spacetimes with cosmological symmetry. Using adapted coordinates on the tangent bundle of the spacetime manifold, we derive the general form of the geodesic equation. Further, we derive a complete set of constants of motion. As an application of these findings, we derive the magnitude-redshift relation for light propagating on a cosmologically symmetric Finsler background, both for a general Finsler spacetime and for particular examples, such as spacetimes equipped with Bogoslovsky and Randers length measures. Our results allow a confrontation of these geometries with observations of the magnitude and redshift of supernovae.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Dec 2016 14:42:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Jan 2017 18:24:46 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 28 May 2017 05:55:16 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-05-30
[ [ "Hohmann", "Manuel", "" ], [ "Pfeifer", "Christian", "" ] ]
We discuss the geodesic motion of both massive test particles, following timelike geodesics, and light, following null geodesics, on Finsler spacetimes with cosmological symmetry. Using adapted coordinates on the tangent bundle of the spacetime manifold, we derive the general form of the geodesic equation. Further, we derive a complete set of constants of motion. As an application of these findings, we derive the magnitude-redshift relation for light propagating on a cosmologically symmetric Finsler background, both for a general Finsler spacetime and for particular examples, such as spacetimes equipped with Bogoslovsky and Randers length measures. Our results allow a confrontation of these geometries with observations of the magnitude and redshift of supernovae.
2211.10876
Omar Mustafa
Omar Mustafa
On the Klein-Gordon G\"{u}rses-oscillators and pseudo-G\"{u}rses-oscillators: vorticity-energy correlations and spacetime associated degeneracies
8 pages, 2 figures
Mod. Phys. Lett. A 39 (2024) 2350204
10.1142/S0217732323502048
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We discuss KG-oscillators in the (1+2)-dimensional G\"{u}rses spacetime and under position-dependent mass (PDM) settings. We observe that the KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators are introduced as a byproduct of the very nature of the G\"{u}rses spacetime structure. We report that the energy levels of such KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators admit vorticity-energy correlations as well as spacetime associated degeneracies (STAD). We discuss KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators' results reported by Ahmed \cite{Ahmed1 2019} and pinpoint his improper treatment of this model so that his results should be redirected to those reported in this study. Moreover, we introduce a new set of KG pseudo-G\"{u}rses oscillators that admits isospectrality and invariance with the KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators and inherits the same vorticity-energy correlations as well as STADs.
[ { "created": "Sun, 20 Nov 2022 05:40:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-04-24
[ [ "Mustafa", "Omar", "" ] ]
We discuss KG-oscillators in the (1+2)-dimensional G\"{u}rses spacetime and under position-dependent mass (PDM) settings. We observe that the KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators are introduced as a byproduct of the very nature of the G\"{u}rses spacetime structure. We report that the energy levels of such KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators admit vorticity-energy correlations as well as spacetime associated degeneracies (STAD). We discuss KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators' results reported by Ahmed \cite{Ahmed1 2019} and pinpoint his improper treatment of this model so that his results should be redirected to those reported in this study. Moreover, we introduce a new set of KG pseudo-G\"{u}rses oscillators that admits isospectrality and invariance with the KG-G\"{u}rses oscillators and inherits the same vorticity-energy correlations as well as STADs.
gr-qc/9906122
Julio Cesar Fabris
C.P. Constantinidis(1), J.C. Fabris(1), R.G. Furtado(1) and M. Picco(1,2) ((1) DF-UFES, Brazil, (2) LPTHE, UPMC, France)
Regular Bouncing Cosmological Solutions in Effective Actions in Four Dimensions
Latex file, 10 pages, no figure
Phys.Rev. D61 (2000) 043503
10.1103/PhysRevD.61.043503
null
gr-qc
null
We study cosmological scenarios resulting from effective actions in four dimensions which are, under some assumptions, connected with multidimensional, supergravity and string theories. These effective actions are labeled by the parameters $\omega$, the dilaton coupling constant, and $n$ which establishes the coupling between the dilaton and a scalar field originated from the gauge field existing in the original theories. There is a large class of bouncing as well as Friedmann-like solutions. We investigate under which conditions bouncing regular solutions can be obtained. In the case of the string effective action, regularity is obtained through the inclusion of contributions from the Ramond-Ramond sector of superstring.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Jun 1999 14:14:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Constantinidis", "C. P.", "", "DF-UFES, Brazil" ], [ "Fabris", "J. C.", "", "DF-UFES, Brazil" ], [ "Furtado", "R. G.", "", "DF-UFES, Brazil" ], [ "Picco", "M.", "", "DF-UFES, Brazil", "LPTHE, UPMC, France" ] ]
We study cosmological scenarios resulting from effective actions in four dimensions which are, under some assumptions, connected with multidimensional, supergravity and string theories. These effective actions are labeled by the parameters $\omega$, the dilaton coupling constant, and $n$ which establishes the coupling between the dilaton and a scalar field originated from the gauge field existing in the original theories. There is a large class of bouncing as well as Friedmann-like solutions. We investigate under which conditions bouncing regular solutions can be obtained. In the case of the string effective action, regularity is obtained through the inclusion of contributions from the Ramond-Ramond sector of superstring.
1501.03148
Alexander Shatskiy Doctor
Alexander Shatskiy, I.D. Novikov and Alexandr Malinovsky
Spectrum for the electric dipole which nonradially falling into a black hole
15 pages, 3 figures. To appear in IJMPD, 2015
null
10.1142/S0218271815500753
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The electromagnetic bremsstrahlung spectrum for the dipole which falling by a spiral orbit into the Schwarzschild black hole was found. The characteristic features in this electromagnetic spectrum can be used for determine of the black hole mass by the new way. This new way (if implemented) provides higher accuracy in determining of the black hole mass. Also these features in the spectrum can be used for determine of the certain characteristics in the black hole magnetosphere or in the accretion disk characteristics around the black hole. It is also shown that the asymptotic behavior of this spectrum (at high frequencies) is practically independent from the impact parameter of the falling dipole.
[ { "created": "Sun, 28 Dec 2014 17:02:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 May 2015 14:00:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-08-26
[ [ "Shatskiy", "Alexander", "" ], [ "Novikov", "I. D.", "" ], [ "Malinovsky", "Alexandr", "" ] ]
The electromagnetic bremsstrahlung spectrum for the dipole which falling by a spiral orbit into the Schwarzschild black hole was found. The characteristic features in this electromagnetic spectrum can be used for determine of the black hole mass by the new way. This new way (if implemented) provides higher accuracy in determining of the black hole mass. Also these features in the spectrum can be used for determine of the certain characteristics in the black hole magnetosphere or in the accretion disk characteristics around the black hole. It is also shown that the asymptotic behavior of this spectrum (at high frequencies) is practically independent from the impact parameter of the falling dipole.
0707.1816
{\L}ukasz Szulc
Lukasz Szulc
Open FRW model in Loop Quantum Cosmology
12 pages, no figures, latex
Class.Quant.Grav.24:6191-6200,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/24/003
null
gr-qc
null
Open FRW model in Loop Quantum Cosmology is under consideration. The left and right invariant vector fields and holonomies along them are studied. It is shown that in the hyperbolic geometry of $k=-1$ it is possible to construct a suitable loop which provides us with quantum scalar constraint originally introduced by Vandersloot. The quantum scalar constraint operator with negative cosmological constant is proved to be essentially self-adjoint.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Jul 2007 15:51:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Jul 2007 08:44:09 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Oct 2007 13:05:18 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 29 Jan 2008 16:57:08 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Szulc", "Lukasz", "" ] ]
Open FRW model in Loop Quantum Cosmology is under consideration. The left and right invariant vector fields and holonomies along them are studied. It is shown that in the hyperbolic geometry of $k=-1$ it is possible to construct a suitable loop which provides us with quantum scalar constraint originally introduced by Vandersloot. The quantum scalar constraint operator with negative cosmological constant is proved to be essentially self-adjoint.
1301.5558
Steinar Johannesen
Oyvind Gron and Steinar Johannesen
Different representations of the Levi-Civita Bertotti Robinson solution
58 pages, 9 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Levi-Civita Bertotti Robinson (LBR) spacetime is investigated in various coordinate systems. By means of a general formalism for constructing coordinates in conformally flat spacetimes, coordinate transformations between the different coordinate systems are deduced. We discuss the motion of the reference frames in which the different coordinate systems are comoving. Furthermore we characterize the motion of the different reference frames by their normalized timelike Killing vector fields, i.e. by the four velocity fields of the reference particles. We also deduce the formulae in the different coordinate systems for the embedding of the LBR spacetime in a flat 6-dimensional manifold. In particular we discuss a scenario with a spherical domain wall having LBR spacetime outside the wall and flat spacetime inside. We also discuss the internal flat spacetime using the same coordinate systems as in the external LBR spacetime with continuous metric at the wall. Among the different cases one represents a Milne-LBR universe model with a part of the Milne universe inside the wall and an infinitely extended LBR universe outside it. In an appendix we define combinations of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions that we call k-functions and present a new k-function calculus.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jan 2013 16:42:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Jan 2013 18:30:26 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Mar 2013 15:31:11 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2013-03-07
[ [ "Gron", "Oyvind", "" ], [ "Johannesen", "Steinar", "" ] ]
The Levi-Civita Bertotti Robinson (LBR) spacetime is investigated in various coordinate systems. By means of a general formalism for constructing coordinates in conformally flat spacetimes, coordinate transformations between the different coordinate systems are deduced. We discuss the motion of the reference frames in which the different coordinate systems are comoving. Furthermore we characterize the motion of the different reference frames by their normalized timelike Killing vector fields, i.e. by the four velocity fields of the reference particles. We also deduce the formulae in the different coordinate systems for the embedding of the LBR spacetime in a flat 6-dimensional manifold. In particular we discuss a scenario with a spherical domain wall having LBR spacetime outside the wall and flat spacetime inside. We also discuss the internal flat spacetime using the same coordinate systems as in the external LBR spacetime with continuous metric at the wall. Among the different cases one represents a Milne-LBR universe model with a part of the Milne universe inside the wall and an infinitely extended LBR universe outside it. In an appendix we define combinations of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions that we call k-functions and present a new k-function calculus.
1501.04990
Bivudutta Mishra Dr.
S. K. Tripathy, B. Mishra, G. K. Pandey, A. K. Singh, T. Kumar, S.S.Xulu
Energy and momentum of Bianchi Type VI_h Universes
null
Advances in High Energy Physics, 2015, 705262(2015)
10.1155/2015/705262
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We obtain the energy and momentum of the Bianchi type VI_h universes using different prescriptions for the energy-momentum complexes in the framework of general relativity. The energy and momentum of the Bianchi VI_h universe are found to be zero for the parameter h = -1 of the metric. The vanishing of these results support the conjecture of Tryon that Universe must have a zero net value for all conserved quantities.This also supports the work of Nathan Rosen with the Robertson-Walker metric. Moreover, it raises an interesting question: "Why h=-1 case is so special?"
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Jan 2015 10:14:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-05-10
[ [ "Tripathy", "S. K.", "" ], [ "Mishra", "B.", "" ], [ "Pandey", "G. K.", "" ], [ "Singh", "A. K.", "" ], [ "Kumar", "T.", "" ], [ "Xulu", "S. S.", "" ] ]
We obtain the energy and momentum of the Bianchi type VI_h universes using different prescriptions for the energy-momentum complexes in the framework of general relativity. The energy and momentum of the Bianchi VI_h universe are found to be zero for the parameter h = -1 of the metric. The vanishing of these results support the conjecture of Tryon that Universe must have a zero net value for all conserved quantities.This also supports the work of Nathan Rosen with the Robertson-Walker metric. Moreover, it raises an interesting question: "Why h=-1 case is so special?"
gr-qc/0609045
David Garfinkle
David Garfinkle
Matters of Gravity, The Newsletter of the Topical Group in Gravitation of the American Physical Society, Volume 28, Fall 2006
20 pages. David Garfinkle (Editor)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
Research Briefs: Singularity Avoidance in Canonical Quantum Gravity, by Viqar Husain What's New in LIGO, by David Shoemaker Conference reports: Scanning New Horizons: GR Beyond 4 dimensions, by Donald Marolf Quantum Gravity in the Americas III, by Jorge Pullin New Frontiers in Numerical Relativity, by Luciano Rezzolla Teaching General Relativity to Undergraduates, by Greg Comer Ninth Capra Meeting on Radiation Reaction, by Lior Burko
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Sep 2006 16:13:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Garfinkle", "David", "" ] ]
Research Briefs: Singularity Avoidance in Canonical Quantum Gravity, by Viqar Husain What's New in LIGO, by David Shoemaker Conference reports: Scanning New Horizons: GR Beyond 4 dimensions, by Donald Marolf Quantum Gravity in the Americas III, by Jorge Pullin New Frontiers in Numerical Relativity, by Luciano Rezzolla Teaching General Relativity to Undergraduates, by Greg Comer Ninth Capra Meeting on Radiation Reaction, by Lior Burko
2105.12766
Miguel Cruz
Azucena Bola\~nos, Miguel Cruz, Samuel Lepe and David Rogelio M\'arquez-Castillo
Holographic dark energy in curved spacetime for interacting fluids
26 pages, 7 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we explore the scope of two holographic dark energy models within the interacting scenario for the dark sector and spatial curvature. For one holographic model we consider the usual formula for the dark energy density with the Hubble scale and the second model is given in terms of a function instead of a constant parameter as in the usual holographic formula. In this description both holographic models admit a future singularity. The use of recent cosmological data is considered only to support the physical results of our proposal. The interaction term for each holographic model, $Q$, keeps positive along the cosmic evolution and are not given a priori, they are reconstructed from the dynamics of the model. The temperatures for the components of the dark sector are computed and exhibit a growing behavior in both scenarios. The cosmic evolution in this context it is not adiabatic and the second law it is fulfilled only under certain well-established conditions for the temperatures of the cosmic components and positive $Q$-terms.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 May 2021 18:06:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Jun 2021 01:17:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 27 Nov 2021 00:49:40 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Feb 2022 02:45:28 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "c...
2023-05-10
[ [ "Bolaños", "Azucena", "" ], [ "Cruz", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Lepe", "Samuel", "" ], [ "Márquez-Castillo", "David Rogelio", "" ] ]
In this work we explore the scope of two holographic dark energy models within the interacting scenario for the dark sector and spatial curvature. For one holographic model we consider the usual formula for the dark energy density with the Hubble scale and the second model is given in terms of a function instead of a constant parameter as in the usual holographic formula. In this description both holographic models admit a future singularity. The use of recent cosmological data is considered only to support the physical results of our proposal. The interaction term for each holographic model, $Q$, keeps positive along the cosmic evolution and are not given a priori, they are reconstructed from the dynamics of the model. The temperatures for the components of the dark sector are computed and exhibit a growing behavior in both scenarios. The cosmic evolution in this context it is not adiabatic and the second law it is fulfilled only under certain well-established conditions for the temperatures of the cosmic components and positive $Q$-terms.
1311.5325
Jian-Yang Zhu
Kui Xiao, Xiao-Kai He and Jian-Yang Zhu
Note on the super inflation in loop quantum cosmology
9 pages, 4 figures. Physics Letters B, online publication complete: 13-NOV-2013
Physics Letters B 727, 349-356 (2013)
10.1016/j.physletb.2013.10.071
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Phenomenological effect of the super-inflation in loop quantum cosmology (LQC) is discussed. We investigate the case that the Universe is filled with the interacting field between massive scalar field and radiation. Considering the damping coefficient $\Gamma$ as a constant, the changes of the scale factor during super-inflation with four different initial conditions are discussed, and we find that the changes of the scale factor depends on the initial values of energy density of the scalar field and radiation at the bounce point. But no matter which initial condition is chosen, the radiation always dominated at the late time. Moreover, we investigate whether the super-inflation can provide enough e-folding number. For the super-inflation starts from the quantum bounce point, the initial value of Hubble parameter $H(t_i)\sim0$, then it is possible to solve the flatness problem and horizon problem. As an example, following the method of \cite{Amoros-prd} to calculate particle horizon on the condition that the radiation dominated at bounce point, and we find that the Universe has had enough time to be homogeneous and isotopic.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Nov 2013 07:57:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-11-28
[ [ "Xiao", "Kui", "" ], [ "He", "Xiao-Kai", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Jian-Yang", "" ] ]
Phenomenological effect of the super-inflation in loop quantum cosmology (LQC) is discussed. We investigate the case that the Universe is filled with the interacting field between massive scalar field and radiation. Considering the damping coefficient $\Gamma$ as a constant, the changes of the scale factor during super-inflation with four different initial conditions are discussed, and we find that the changes of the scale factor depends on the initial values of energy density of the scalar field and radiation at the bounce point. But no matter which initial condition is chosen, the radiation always dominated at the late time. Moreover, we investigate whether the super-inflation can provide enough e-folding number. For the super-inflation starts from the quantum bounce point, the initial value of Hubble parameter $H(t_i)\sim0$, then it is possible to solve the flatness problem and horizon problem. As an example, following the method of \cite{Amoros-prd} to calculate particle horizon on the condition that the radiation dominated at bounce point, and we find that the Universe has had enough time to be homogeneous and isotopic.
gr-qc/0209049
Zhongchao Wu
Zhong Chao Wu (Zhejiang U. of Technology)
Dispelling the Anthropic Principle from the Dimensionality Arguments
7 pages, Essay
Chin.Phys.Lett. 19 (2002) 1749
10.1088/0256-307X/19/12/303
ZUT-02-1
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
It is shown that in d=11 supergravity, under a very reasonable ansatz, the nearly flat spacetime in which we are living must be 4-dimensional without appealing to the Anthropic Principle. Can we dispel the Anthropic Principle completely from cosmology?
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Sep 2002 16:55:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Wu", "Zhong Chao", "", "Zhejiang U. of Technology" ] ]
It is shown that in d=11 supergravity, under a very reasonable ansatz, the nearly flat spacetime in which we are living must be 4-dimensional without appealing to the Anthropic Principle. Can we dispel the Anthropic Principle completely from cosmology?
1709.02276
Fay\c{c}al Hammad
Fay\c{c}al Hammad
Density perturbations in $f(R,\phi)$-gravity with an application to the (varying power)-law model
12 pp. Matches the published version
Phys. Rev. D 96, 064006 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.064006
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Density perturbations in the cosmic microwave background within general $f(R,\phi)$ models of gravity are investigated. The general dynamical equations for the tensor and scalar modes in any $f(R,\phi)$ gravity model are derived. An application of the equations to the (varying power)-law modified gravity toy-model is then made. Formulas and numerical values for the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the scalar tilt and the tensor tilt are all obtained within this specific model. While the model cannot provide a theoretical reason for the value of the energy scale at which inflation should occur, it is found, based on the latest observations of the density perturbations in the sky, that the model requires inflation to occur at an energy scale less than the GUT-scale; namely, $\sim10^{14}\,{\rm GeV}$. The different energy intervals examined here show that the density perturbations recently obtained from observations are recovered naturally, with very high precision, and without fine tuning the model's parameters.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Sep 2017 17:20:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-10-11
[ [ "Hammad", "Fayçal", "" ] ]
Density perturbations in the cosmic microwave background within general $f(R,\phi)$ models of gravity are investigated. The general dynamical equations for the tensor and scalar modes in any $f(R,\phi)$ gravity model are derived. An application of the equations to the (varying power)-law modified gravity toy-model is then made. Formulas and numerical values for the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the scalar tilt and the tensor tilt are all obtained within this specific model. While the model cannot provide a theoretical reason for the value of the energy scale at which inflation should occur, it is found, based on the latest observations of the density perturbations in the sky, that the model requires inflation to occur at an energy scale less than the GUT-scale; namely, $\sim10^{14}\,{\rm GeV}$. The different energy intervals examined here show that the density perturbations recently obtained from observations are recovered naturally, with very high precision, and without fine tuning the model's parameters.
1503.05102
Patryk Mach
Patryk Mach
Homoclinic accretion solutions in the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter spacetime
6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Physical Review D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.084016
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The aim of this paper is to clarify the distinction between homoclinic and standard (global) Bondi-type accretion solutions in the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter spacetime. The homoclinic solutions have recently been discovered numerically for polytropic equations of state. Here I show that they exist also for certain isothermal (linear) equations of state, and an analytic solution of this type is obtained. It is argued that the existence of such solutions is generic, although for sufficiently relativistic matter models (photon gas, ultra-hard equation of state) there exist global solutions that can be continued to infinity, similarly to standard Michel's solutions in the Schwarzschild spacetime. In contrast to that global solutions should not exist for matter models with a non-vanishing rest-mass component, and this is demonstrated for polytropes. For homoclinic isothermal solutions I derive an upper bound on the mass of the black hole for which stationary transonic accretion is allowed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Mar 2015 15:52:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-24
[ [ "Mach", "Patryk", "" ] ]
The aim of this paper is to clarify the distinction between homoclinic and standard (global) Bondi-type accretion solutions in the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter spacetime. The homoclinic solutions have recently been discovered numerically for polytropic equations of state. Here I show that they exist also for certain isothermal (linear) equations of state, and an analytic solution of this type is obtained. It is argued that the existence of such solutions is generic, although for sufficiently relativistic matter models (photon gas, ultra-hard equation of state) there exist global solutions that can be continued to infinity, similarly to standard Michel's solutions in the Schwarzschild spacetime. In contrast to that global solutions should not exist for matter models with a non-vanishing rest-mass component, and this is demonstrated for polytropes. For homoclinic isothermal solutions I derive an upper bound on the mass of the black hole for which stationary transonic accretion is allowed.
2307.00063
David Brizuela
Martin Bojowald, David Brizuela, Paula Calizaya Cabrera, Sara F. Uria
The chaotic behavior of the Bianchi IX model under the influence of quantum effects
22 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication
Phys.Rev.D 109 (2024) 4, 044038
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A quantum analysis of the vacuum Bianchi IX model is performed, focusing in particular on the chaotic nature of the system. The framework constructed here is general enough for the results to apply in the context of any theory of quantum gravity, since it includes only minimal approximations that make it possible to encode the information of all quantum degrees of freedom in the fluctuations of the usual anisotropy parameters. These fluctuations are described as canonical variables that extend the classical phase space. In this way, standard methods for dynamical systems can be applied to study the chaos of the model. Two specific methods are applied that are suitable for time-reparameterization invariant systems. First, a generalized version of the Misner-Chitre variables is constructed, which provides an isomorphism between the quantum Bianchi IX dynamics and the geodesic flow on a suitable Riemannian manifold, extending, in this way, the usual billiard picture. Secondly, the fractal dimension of the boundary between points with different outcomes in the space of initial data is numerically analyzed. While the quantum system remains chaotic, the main conclusion is that its strength is considerably diminished by quantum effects as compared to its classical counterpart.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Jun 2023 18:06:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Apr 2024 10:10:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-17
[ [ "Bojowald", "Martin", "" ], [ "Brizuela", "David", "" ], [ "Cabrera", "Paula Calizaya", "" ], [ "Uria", "Sara F.", "" ] ]
A quantum analysis of the vacuum Bianchi IX model is performed, focusing in particular on the chaotic nature of the system. The framework constructed here is general enough for the results to apply in the context of any theory of quantum gravity, since it includes only minimal approximations that make it possible to encode the information of all quantum degrees of freedom in the fluctuations of the usual anisotropy parameters. These fluctuations are described as canonical variables that extend the classical phase space. In this way, standard methods for dynamical systems can be applied to study the chaos of the model. Two specific methods are applied that are suitable for time-reparameterization invariant systems. First, a generalized version of the Misner-Chitre variables is constructed, which provides an isomorphism between the quantum Bianchi IX dynamics and the geodesic flow on a suitable Riemannian manifold, extending, in this way, the usual billiard picture. Secondly, the fractal dimension of the boundary between points with different outcomes in the space of initial data is numerically analyzed. While the quantum system remains chaotic, the main conclusion is that its strength is considerably diminished by quantum effects as compared to its classical counterpart.
2407.04975
Gideon Koekoek
Richard Kerner, Gideon Koekoek, Julia Schuring, Jan-Willem van Holten
Polar magnetic fields in black-hole space-times
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
To model magnetic fields of compact objects we solve the Maxwell equations in the background of the exterior static Schwarzschild and slowly rotating Kerr space-times. We impose the boundary condition that the electromagnetic fields are to vanish at infinity. A full set of solutions is obtained, describing axially symmetric magnetic fields, supplemented by axial electric fields in the case of non-vanishing rotation of the gravitational background. We study the motion of charged test particles in these combined gravitational and electromagnetic fields, in particular considering the conditions for circular equatorial orbits. Such orbits always exist in odd-multipole magnetic fields, and they can exist for particular radii in a combination of two or more even-multipole magnetic fields. Combinations of several odd-multipole fields can give rise to radial variation in the field orientation and the direction of motion of charged particles. Deviations from circularity are described using a perturbative approach. This also allows to study the stability of the parent circular orbits.
[ { "created": "Sat, 6 Jul 2024 06:55:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-09
[ [ "Kerner", "Richard", "" ], [ "Koekoek", "Gideon", "" ], [ "Schuring", "Julia", "" ], [ "van Holten", "Jan-Willem", "" ] ]
To model magnetic fields of compact objects we solve the Maxwell equations in the background of the exterior static Schwarzschild and slowly rotating Kerr space-times. We impose the boundary condition that the electromagnetic fields are to vanish at infinity. A full set of solutions is obtained, describing axially symmetric magnetic fields, supplemented by axial electric fields in the case of non-vanishing rotation of the gravitational background. We study the motion of charged test particles in these combined gravitational and electromagnetic fields, in particular considering the conditions for circular equatorial orbits. Such orbits always exist in odd-multipole magnetic fields, and they can exist for particular radii in a combination of two or more even-multipole magnetic fields. Combinations of several odd-multipole fields can give rise to radial variation in the field orientation and the direction of motion of charged particles. Deviations from circularity are described using a perturbative approach. This also allows to study the stability of the parent circular orbits.
0708.0723
Salvatore Capozziello
S. Capozziello, A. Stabile, A. Troisi
The Newtonian Limit of F(R) gravity
16 pages
Phys.Rev.D76:104019,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.104019
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
A general analytic procedure is developed to deal with the Newtonian limit of $f(R)$ gravity. A discussion comparing the Newtonian and the post-Newtonian limit of these models is proposed in order to point out the differences between the two approaches. We calculate the post-Newtonian parameters of such theories without any redefinition of the degrees of freedom, in particular, without adopting some scalar fields and without any change from Jordan to Einstein frame. Considering the Taylor expansion of a generic $f(R)$ theory, it is possible to obtain general solutions in term of the metric coefficients up to the third order of approximation. In particular, the solution relative to the $g_{tt}$ component gives a gravitational potential always corrected with respect to the Newtonian one of the linear theory $f(R)=R$. Furthermore, we show that the Birkhoff theorem is not a general result for $f(R)$-gravity since time-dependent evolution for spherically symmetric solutions can be achieved depending on the order of perturbations. Finally, we discuss the post-Minkowskian limit and the emergence of massive gravitational wave solutions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Aug 2007 08:46:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Aug 2007 08:22:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Capozziello", "S.", "" ], [ "Stabile", "A.", "" ], [ "Troisi", "A.", "" ] ]
A general analytic procedure is developed to deal with the Newtonian limit of $f(R)$ gravity. A discussion comparing the Newtonian and the post-Newtonian limit of these models is proposed in order to point out the differences between the two approaches. We calculate the post-Newtonian parameters of such theories without any redefinition of the degrees of freedom, in particular, without adopting some scalar fields and without any change from Jordan to Einstein frame. Considering the Taylor expansion of a generic $f(R)$ theory, it is possible to obtain general solutions in term of the metric coefficients up to the third order of approximation. In particular, the solution relative to the $g_{tt}$ component gives a gravitational potential always corrected with respect to the Newtonian one of the linear theory $f(R)=R$. Furthermore, we show that the Birkhoff theorem is not a general result for $f(R)$-gravity since time-dependent evolution for spherically symmetric solutions can be achieved depending on the order of perturbations. Finally, we discuss the post-Minkowskian limit and the emergence of massive gravitational wave solutions.
1912.06891
Olivier Minazzoli
Olivier Minazzoli
Strong lensing in multimessenger astronomy as a test of the equivalence principle
3 pages. Few improvements of the text in this new version
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Standard Shapiro delay-based test of the equivalence principle, which are grounded on the measurement of two arrival times from a unique source but from messengers with different properties, cannot produce a reliable quantitative test of the Einstein equivalence principle. Essentially because they are based on the estimation for different messengers of the one-way propagation time between the emission and the observation that is not an observable per se. As a consequence, such tests are extremely model dependent, at best. In what follows, I argue that the differential arrival times for strongly lensed multimessengers can be used to define a new test of the Einstein equivalence principle that is both well-defined from a relativistic point of view and model independent---because it is entirely based on actual observables.
[ { "created": "Sat, 14 Dec 2019 17:42:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:56:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-02-14
[ [ "Minazzoli", "Olivier", "" ] ]
Standard Shapiro delay-based test of the equivalence principle, which are grounded on the measurement of two arrival times from a unique source but from messengers with different properties, cannot produce a reliable quantitative test of the Einstein equivalence principle. Essentially because they are based on the estimation for different messengers of the one-way propagation time between the emission and the observation that is not an observable per se. As a consequence, such tests are extremely model dependent, at best. In what follows, I argue that the differential arrival times for strongly lensed multimessengers can be used to define a new test of the Einstein equivalence principle that is both well-defined from a relativistic point of view and model independent---because it is entirely based on actual observables.
1712.06072
Sai Wang
Sai Wang
Exploring the CPT violation and birefringence of gravitational waves with ground- and space-based gravitational-wave interferometers
Preprint, 16 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, 2 appendices. All comments are welcome
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7812-2
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the gravitational sector, we study the CPT violation and birefringence of gravitational waves. In presence of the CPT violation, a relative dephasing is generated between two circular polarization states of gravitational waves. This effect induces the birefringence of gravitational waves. We predict the gravitational waveform corrected by it and estimate the expected constraints on it from Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, Einstein Telescope and Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
[ { "created": "Sun, 17 Dec 2017 08:42:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Dec 2017 03:42:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 Dec 2017 12:11:06 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 Nov 2019 10:38:38 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2020-03-13
[ [ "Wang", "Sai", "" ] ]
In the gravitational sector, we study the CPT violation and birefringence of gravitational waves. In presence of the CPT violation, a relative dephasing is generated between two circular polarization states of gravitational waves. This effect induces the birefringence of gravitational waves. We predict the gravitational waveform corrected by it and estimate the expected constraints on it from Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, Einstein Telescope and Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
gr-qc/0211082
Roy Maartens
George Ellis, Roy Maartens
The Emergent Universe: inflationary cosmology with no singularity
minor changes; version to appear in Class Q Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.21:223-232,2004
10.1088/0264-9381/21/1/015
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Observations indicate that the universe is effectively flat, but they do not rule out a closed universe. The role of positive curvature is negligible at late times, but can be crucial in the early universe. In particular, positive curvature allows for cosmologies that originate as Einstein static universes, and then inflate and later reheat to a hot big bang era. These cosmologies have no singularity, no "beginning of time", and no horizon problem. If the initial radius is chosen to be above the Planck scale, then they also have no quantum gravity era, and are described by classical general relativity throughout their history.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Nov 2002 14:53:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 12 Jun 2003 12:12:08 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Aug 2003 14:17:19 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 25 Oct 2003 10:15:41 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Ellis", "George", "" ], [ "Maartens", "Roy", "" ] ]
Observations indicate that the universe is effectively flat, but they do not rule out a closed universe. The role of positive curvature is negligible at late times, but can be crucial in the early universe. In particular, positive curvature allows for cosmologies that originate as Einstein static universes, and then inflate and later reheat to a hot big bang era. These cosmologies have no singularity, no "beginning of time", and no horizon problem. If the initial radius is chosen to be above the Planck scale, then they also have no quantum gravity era, and are described by classical general relativity throughout their history.
2009.03625
Marko Sossich
Petar Pavlovi\'c and Marko Sossich
Dynamic properties of cyclic cosmologies
45 pages, 6 figures
Phys. Rev. D 103, 023529 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.023529
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Our first goal in this work is to study general and model-independent properties of cyclic cosmologies. The large number of studies of bouncing cosmologies and different cyclic scenarios published recently calls for a proper understanding of the universal properties of cyclic models. We thus first review and further elaborate the common physical and geometrical properties of various classes of cyclic models and then discuss how cyclic Universe can be treated as a dynamic system. We then discuss how two theorems from dynamic systems analysis can be used to ensure the existence of cyclic cosmological solutions under certain conditions on the field equations. After this we proceed towards our second goal which is the application of the obtained results to different frameworks of modified gravity theories: $f(R)$ gravity, dynamic dark energy and $f(T)$ gravity. We discuss the general requirements for the existence of cyclic solutions in these theories and also obtain various examples of cyclic cosmologies, while discussing their basic properties.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Sep 2020 10:05:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 Sep 2020 09:01:49 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Oct 2021 12:32:54 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-10-11
[ [ "Pavlović", "Petar", "" ], [ "Sossich", "Marko", "" ] ]
Our first goal in this work is to study general and model-independent properties of cyclic cosmologies. The large number of studies of bouncing cosmologies and different cyclic scenarios published recently calls for a proper understanding of the universal properties of cyclic models. We thus first review and further elaborate the common physical and geometrical properties of various classes of cyclic models and then discuss how cyclic Universe can be treated as a dynamic system. We then discuss how two theorems from dynamic systems analysis can be used to ensure the existence of cyclic cosmological solutions under certain conditions on the field equations. After this we proceed towards our second goal which is the application of the obtained results to different frameworks of modified gravity theories: $f(R)$ gravity, dynamic dark energy and $f(T)$ gravity. We discuss the general requirements for the existence of cyclic solutions in these theories and also obtain various examples of cyclic cosmologies, while discussing their basic properties.
1712.09977
Stefanos Aretakis
Yannis Angelopoulos, Stefanos Aretakis, Dejan Gajic
Logarithmic corrections in the asymptotic expansion for the radiation field along null infinity
32 pages, 4 figures
Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations, 16 (01), 1-34 (2019)
null
null
gr-qc math.AP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We obtain the second-order asymptotics for the radiation field of spherically symmetric solutions to the wave equation on spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat backgrounds including the Schwarzschild and sub-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom families of black holes. These terms appear as logarithmic corrections to the leading-order asymptotic terms which were rigorously derived in our previous work. Such corrections were heuristically and numerically derived in the physics literature in the case of a non-vanishing Newman-Penrose constant. In this case, our results provide a rigorous confirmation of the existence of these corrections. On the other hand, the precise logarithmic corrections for compactly supported initial data (and hence with a vanishing Newman-Penrose constant) explicitly obtained here appear to be new.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Dec 2017 18:38:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Mar 2021 22:18:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-03-03
[ [ "Angelopoulos", "Yannis", "" ], [ "Aretakis", "Stefanos", "" ], [ "Gajic", "Dejan", "" ] ]
We obtain the second-order asymptotics for the radiation field of spherically symmetric solutions to the wave equation on spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat backgrounds including the Schwarzschild and sub-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom families of black holes. These terms appear as logarithmic corrections to the leading-order asymptotic terms which were rigorously derived in our previous work. Such corrections were heuristically and numerically derived in the physics literature in the case of a non-vanishing Newman-Penrose constant. In this case, our results provide a rigorous confirmation of the existence of these corrections. On the other hand, the precise logarithmic corrections for compactly supported initial data (and hence with a vanishing Newman-Penrose constant) explicitly obtained here appear to be new.
2406.15843
Antoine Rignon-Bret
Antoine Rignon-Bret
Black hole thermodynamic potentials for asymptotic observers
25 pages + references, 6 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The generalized second law states the total entropy of any closed system as the universe cannot decrease if we include black hole entropy. From the point of view of an asymptotic observer, a black hole can be described at late time as an open system at fixed temperature which can radiate energy and entropy to infinity. I argue that for massless free quantum fields propagating on a black hole background, we can define a black hole dynamical free energy using observables defined at future null infinity which decreases on successive cross sections. The proof of this spontaneous evolution law is similar to Wall's derivation of the generalized second law and relies on the monotonicity properties of the relative entropy. I discuss first the simpler case of the Schwarzschild background in which the grey body factor are neglected and show that in this case the free energy only depends on the Bondi mass, the Hawking temperature and the von Neumann entropy of the propagating quantum fields. Then I argue that taking into account the grey body factors adds a new term to the thermodynamic potential involving the number of particles detected at future null infinity conjugated to a chemical potential. Finally, I discuss the case of the Kerr black hole for which an angular momentum piece needs to be added to the free energy.
[ { "created": "Sat, 22 Jun 2024 13:14:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-25
[ [ "Rignon-Bret", "Antoine", "" ] ]
The generalized second law states the total entropy of any closed system as the universe cannot decrease if we include black hole entropy. From the point of view of an asymptotic observer, a black hole can be described at late time as an open system at fixed temperature which can radiate energy and entropy to infinity. I argue that for massless free quantum fields propagating on a black hole background, we can define a black hole dynamical free energy using observables defined at future null infinity which decreases on successive cross sections. The proof of this spontaneous evolution law is similar to Wall's derivation of the generalized second law and relies on the monotonicity properties of the relative entropy. I discuss first the simpler case of the Schwarzschild background in which the grey body factor are neglected and show that in this case the free energy only depends on the Bondi mass, the Hawking temperature and the von Neumann entropy of the propagating quantum fields. Then I argue that taking into account the grey body factors adds a new term to the thermodynamic potential involving the number of particles detected at future null infinity conjugated to a chemical potential. Finally, I discuss the case of the Kerr black hole for which an angular momentum piece needs to be added to the free energy.
2011.09266
Anil Yadav dr
Anil Kumar Yadav, A. M. Alshehri, Nafis Ahmad, G. K. Goswami, Mukesh Kumar
Transitioning Universe with hybrid scalar field in Bianchi I space-time
11 pages, 9 figures
Physics of the Dark Universe 31 (2021) 100738
10.1016/j.dark.2020.100738
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we investigate a Bianchi type I transitioning Universe in Brans-Dicke theory. To get an explicit solution of the field equations, we assume scalar field as $\phi = \phi_{0}\left[t^{\alpha}exp(\beta t)\right]^{\delta}$ with $\phi_{0}$, $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\delta$ as constants. The values of $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are obtained by probing the proposed model with recent observational Hubble data (OHD) points. The interacting and non-interacting scenarios between dark matter and dark energy of the derived Universe within the framework of Brans-Dicke gravity are investigated. The $om(z)$ analysis of the Universe in derived model shows that the Universe is filled with dynamical dark energy with its equation of state parameter $\omega_{de} > -1$. Hence the Universe behaves like a quintessence model at present epoch. Some physical properties of the Universe are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Nov 2020 15:08:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-11-19
[ [ "Yadav", "Anil Kumar", "" ], [ "Alshehri", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Ahmad", "Nafis", "" ], [ "Goswami", "G. K.", "" ], [ "Kumar", "Mukesh", "" ] ]
In this paper we investigate a Bianchi type I transitioning Universe in Brans-Dicke theory. To get an explicit solution of the field equations, we assume scalar field as $\phi = \phi_{0}\left[t^{\alpha}exp(\beta t)\right]^{\delta}$ with $\phi_{0}$, $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\delta$ as constants. The values of $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are obtained by probing the proposed model with recent observational Hubble data (OHD) points. The interacting and non-interacting scenarios between dark matter and dark energy of the derived Universe within the framework of Brans-Dicke gravity are investigated. The $om(z)$ analysis of the Universe in derived model shows that the Universe is filled with dynamical dark energy with its equation of state parameter $\omega_{de} > -1$. Hence the Universe behaves like a quintessence model at present epoch. Some physical properties of the Universe are also discussed.
gr-qc/9602057
Jacob D. Bekenstein
Avraham E. Mayo and Jacob D. Bekenstein
No hair for spherical black holes: charged and nonminimally coupled scalar field with self--interaction
30 pages, RevTeX. Sec.IV corrected, simplified and shortened. Corrections to Sec.IIA between Eqs. 2.7 and Eq.2.1. First two paragraphs of Sec. VC new. To appear Phys. Rev. D, Oct. 15, 1996
Phys.Rev. D54 (1996) 5059-5069
10.1103/PhysRevD.54.5059
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We prove three theorems in general relativity which rule out classical scalar hair of static, spherically symmetric, possibly electrically charged black holes. We first generalize Bekenstein's no--hair theorem for a multiplet of minimally coupled real scalar fields with not necessarily quadratic action to the case of a charged black hole. We then use a conformal map of the geometry to convert the problem of a charged (or neutral) black hole with hair in the form of a neutral self--interacting scalar field nonminimally coupled to gravity to the preceding problem, thus establishing a no--hair theorem for the cases with nonminimal coupling parameter $\xi<0$ or $\xi\geq {1\over 2}$. The proof also makes use of a causality requirement on the field configuration. Finally, from the required behavior of the fields at the horizon and infinity we exclude hair of a charged black hole in the form of a charged self--interacting scalar field nonminimally coupled to gravity for any $\xi$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Feb 1996 08:12:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Aug 1996 09:37:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Mayo", "Avraham E.", "" ], [ "Bekenstein", "Jacob D.", "" ] ]
We prove three theorems in general relativity which rule out classical scalar hair of static, spherically symmetric, possibly electrically charged black holes. We first generalize Bekenstein's no--hair theorem for a multiplet of minimally coupled real scalar fields with not necessarily quadratic action to the case of a charged black hole. We then use a conformal map of the geometry to convert the problem of a charged (or neutral) black hole with hair in the form of a neutral self--interacting scalar field nonminimally coupled to gravity to the preceding problem, thus establishing a no--hair theorem for the cases with nonminimal coupling parameter $\xi<0$ or $\xi\geq {1\over 2}$. The proof also makes use of a causality requirement on the field configuration. Finally, from the required behavior of the fields at the horizon and infinity we exclude hair of a charged black hole in the form of a charged self--interacting scalar field nonminimally coupled to gravity for any $\xi$.
1706.08889
Alexey Toporensky
D.M. Chirkov, A.V. Toporensky
On stable exponential cosmological solutions in the EGB model with a $\Lambda$-term in dimensions D = 5,6,7,8
11 pages, no figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1612.08451 by other authors
Gravitation and Cosmology 23, 4, 359 (2017)
10.1134/S0202289317040077
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A $D$-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) flat cosmological model with a cosmological term $\Lambda$ is considered. We focus on solutions with exponential dependence of scale factor on time. Using previously developed general analysis of stability of such solutions done by V.D.Ivashchuk (2016) we apply the criterion from that paper to all known exponential solutions up to dimensionality 7+1. We show that this criterion which guarantees stability of solution under consideration is fulfilled for all combination of coupling constant of the theory except for some discrete set.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Jun 2017 16:07:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-07-16
[ [ "Chirkov", "D. M.", "" ], [ "Toporensky", "A. V.", "" ] ]
A $D$-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) flat cosmological model with a cosmological term $\Lambda$ is considered. We focus on solutions with exponential dependence of scale factor on time. Using previously developed general analysis of stability of such solutions done by V.D.Ivashchuk (2016) we apply the criterion from that paper to all known exponential solutions up to dimensionality 7+1. We show that this criterion which guarantees stability of solution under consideration is fulfilled for all combination of coupling constant of the theory except for some discrete set.