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1009.0292
Carlos O. Lousto
Carlos O. Lousto and Yosef Zlochower
Orbital Evolution of Extreme-Mass-Ratio Black-Hole Binaries with Numerical Relativity
4 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. Matching published version
Phys.Rev.Lett.106:041101,2011
10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.041101
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform the first fully nonlinear numerical simulations of black-hole binaries with mass ratios 100:1. Our technique for evolving such extreme mass ratios is based on the moving puncture approach with a new gauge condition and an optimal choice of the mesh refinement (plus large computational resources). We achieve a convergent set of results for simulations starting with a small nonspinning black hole just outside the ISCO that then performs over two orbits before plunging into the 100 times more massive black hole. We compute the gravitational energy and momenta radiated as well as the final remnant parameters and compare these quantities with the corresponding perturbative estimates. The results show a close agreement. We briefly discuss the relevance of this simulations for Advanced LIGO, third-generation ground based detectors, and LISA observations, and self-force computations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Sep 2010 22:04:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 Jul 2011 17:00:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-07-04
[ [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ], [ "Zlochower", "Yosef", "" ] ]
We perform the first fully nonlinear numerical simulations of black-hole binaries with mass ratios 100:1. Our technique for evolving such extreme mass ratios is based on the moving puncture approach with a new gauge condition and an optimal choice of the mesh refinement (plus large computational resources). We achieve a convergent set of results for simulations starting with a small nonspinning black hole just outside the ISCO that then performs over two orbits before plunging into the 100 times more massive black hole. We compute the gravitational energy and momenta radiated as well as the final remnant parameters and compare these quantities with the corresponding perturbative estimates. The results show a close agreement. We briefly discuss the relevance of this simulations for Advanced LIGO, third-generation ground based detectors, and LISA observations, and self-force computations.
2206.02610
Mauro Oi
Davide Brundu, Mariano Cadoni, Mauro Oi, Piero Olla, Andrea Pierfrancesco Sanna
Atmospheric Newtonian noise modeling for third-generation gravitational wave detectors
17 pages, 8 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.064040
null
gr-qc physics.ao-ph physics.flu-dyn
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The sensitivity and the frequency bandwidth of third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are such that the Newtonian noise (NN) signals produced by atmospheric turbulence could become relevant. We build models for atmospheric NN that take into account finite correlation times and inhomogeneity along the vertical direction, and are therefore accurate enough to represent a reliable reference tool for evaluating this kind of noise. We compute the NN spectral density from our models and compare it with the expected sensitivity curve of the Einstein Telescope (ET) with the xylophone design. The noise signal decays exponentially for small values of the frequency and the detector's depth, followed by a power-law for large values of the parameters. We find that, when the detector is built at the earth's surface, the NN contribution in the low-frequency band is above the ET sensitivity curve for strong wind. Building the detector underground is sufficient to push the noise signal under the ET sensitivity curve, but the decrement is close to marginal for strong wind. In light of the slow decay with depth of the NN, building the detector underground could be only partially effective as passive noise mitigation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Jun 2022 13:29:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-10-05
[ [ "Brundu", "Davide", "" ], [ "Cadoni", "Mariano", "" ], [ "Oi", "Mauro", "" ], [ "Olla", "Piero", "" ], [ "Sanna", "Andrea Pierfrancesco", "" ] ]
The sensitivity and the frequency bandwidth of third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are such that the Newtonian noise (NN) signals produced by atmospheric turbulence could become relevant. We build models for atmospheric NN that take into account finite correlation times and inhomogeneity along the vertical direction, and are therefore accurate enough to represent a reliable reference tool for evaluating this kind of noise. We compute the NN spectral density from our models and compare it with the expected sensitivity curve of the Einstein Telescope (ET) with the xylophone design. The noise signal decays exponentially for small values of the frequency and the detector's depth, followed by a power-law for large values of the parameters. We find that, when the detector is built at the earth's surface, the NN contribution in the low-frequency band is above the ET sensitivity curve for strong wind. Building the detector underground is sufficient to push the noise signal under the ET sensitivity curve, but the decrement is close to marginal for strong wind. In light of the slow decay with depth of the NN, building the detector underground could be only partially effective as passive noise mitigation.
2001.08577
Thiago R.P. Caram\^es
Thiago R. P. Caram\^es and J. M. Hoff da Silva
Global monopole as a generator of a bulk-brane structure in Brans-Dicke bulk gravity
10 pages, 1 figure. Improved version with more discussion added to the Introduction, section II and conclusion. A new plot was added as well as new references. Matches version accepted in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08646-9
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We investigate a braneworld model generated by a global monopole in the context of Brans-Dicke gravity. After solving the dynamical equations we found a model capable to alleviate the so-called hierarchy problem. The obtained framework is described by a hybrid compactification scheme endowed with a seven-dimensional spacetime, in which the brane has four non-compact dimensions and two curled extra dimensions. The relevant aspects of the resulting model are studied and the requirements to avoid the well known seesaw-like behavior are discussed. We show that under certain conditions it is possible to circumvent such a pathological behavior that characterizes most of the models that exhibit hybrid compactification. Lastly, we deepen our analysis by considering possible extensions of this model to a setup with multiple branes and orbifold-like extra dimension. For this, we compute the consistency conditions to be obeyed by this more general configuration as predicted by the braneworld sum rules formalism. This study indicates the possibility of exclusively positive brane tensions in the model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Jan 2020 15:05:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Nov 2020 14:23:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-11-18
[ [ "Caramês", "Thiago R. P.", "" ], [ "da Silva", "J. M. Hoff", "" ] ]
We investigate a braneworld model generated by a global monopole in the context of Brans-Dicke gravity. After solving the dynamical equations we found a model capable to alleviate the so-called hierarchy problem. The obtained framework is described by a hybrid compactification scheme endowed with a seven-dimensional spacetime, in which the brane has four non-compact dimensions and two curled extra dimensions. The relevant aspects of the resulting model are studied and the requirements to avoid the well known seesaw-like behavior are discussed. We show that under certain conditions it is possible to circumvent such a pathological behavior that characterizes most of the models that exhibit hybrid compactification. Lastly, we deepen our analysis by considering possible extensions of this model to a setup with multiple branes and orbifold-like extra dimension. For this, we compute the consistency conditions to be obeyed by this more general configuration as predicted by the braneworld sum rules formalism. This study indicates the possibility of exclusively positive brane tensions in the model.
1708.00507
S\'ergio Mittmann dos Santos
S. Mittmann dos Santos, J. M. Hoff da Silva and J. L. Cindra
Straight spinning cosmic strings in Brans-Dicke gravity
13 pages, 1 figure
Mod. Phys. Lett. A 33, 1850051 (2018)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is presented an exact solution of straight spinning cosmic strings in Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation. The possibility of the existence of closed timelike curves around these cosmic strings is analyzed. Furthermore, the stability about the formation of the topological defect discussed here is checked. It is shown the existence of a suitable choice for the integration constants in which closed timelike curves are not allowed. We also verify if it is possible that the obtained spacetime can be the source that describes the observed rotational curves in some galaxies.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Aug 2017 20:50:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 18 Aug 2017 22:17:39 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Nov 2017 16:58:16 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-08-30
[ [ "Santos", "S. Mittmann dos", "" ], [ "da Silva", "J. M. Hoff", "" ], [ "Cindra", "J. L.", "" ] ]
It is presented an exact solution of straight spinning cosmic strings in Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation. The possibility of the existence of closed timelike curves around these cosmic strings is analyzed. Furthermore, the stability about the formation of the topological defect discussed here is checked. It is shown the existence of a suitable choice for the integration constants in which closed timelike curves are not allowed. We also verify if it is possible that the obtained spacetime can be the source that describes the observed rotational curves in some galaxies.
gr-qc/9601029
Anders Hoglund
S. Brian Edgar, A. H\"oglund
The Lanczos potential for the Weyl curvature tensor: existence, wave equation and algorithms
34 pages, plain TeX
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In the last few years renewed interest in the 3-tensor potential $L_{abc} $ proposed by Lanczos for the Weyl curvature tensor has not only clarified and corrected Lanczos's original work, but generalised the concept in a number of ways. In this paper we carefully summarise and extend some aspects of these results, and clarify some misunderstandings in the literature. We also clarify some comments in a recent paper by Dolan and Kim; in addition, we correct some internal inconsistencies in their paper and extend their results. The following new results are also presented. The (computer checked) complicated second order partial differential equation for the 3-potential, in arbitrary gauge, for Weyl candidates satisfying Bianchi-type equations is given -- in those $n $-dimensional spaces (with arbitrary signature) for which the potential exists; this is easily specialised to Lanczos potentials for the Weyl curvature tensor. It is found that it is {\it only} in 4-dimensional spaces (with arbitrary signature and gauge), that the non-linear terms disappear and that the awkward second order derivative terms cancel; for 4-dimensional spacetimes (with Lorentz signature), this remarkably simple form was originally found by Illge, using spinor methods. It is also shown that, for most 4-dimensional vacuum spacetimes, any 3-potential in the Lanczos gauges which satisfies a simple homogeneous wave equation must be a Lanczos potential for the Weyl curvature tensor of the background vacuum spacetime. This result is used to prove that the form of a {\it possible} Lanczos potential proposed by Dolan and Kim for a class of vacuum spacetimes is in fact a genuine Lanczos potential for these spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 1996 13:44:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Edgar", "S. Brian", "" ], [ "Höglund", "A.", "" ] ]
In the last few years renewed interest in the 3-tensor potential $L_{abc} $ proposed by Lanczos for the Weyl curvature tensor has not only clarified and corrected Lanczos's original work, but generalised the concept in a number of ways. In this paper we carefully summarise and extend some aspects of these results, and clarify some misunderstandings in the literature. We also clarify some comments in a recent paper by Dolan and Kim; in addition, we correct some internal inconsistencies in their paper and extend their results. The following new results are also presented. The (computer checked) complicated second order partial differential equation for the 3-potential, in arbitrary gauge, for Weyl candidates satisfying Bianchi-type equations is given -- in those $n $-dimensional spaces (with arbitrary signature) for which the potential exists; this is easily specialised to Lanczos potentials for the Weyl curvature tensor. It is found that it is {\it only} in 4-dimensional spaces (with arbitrary signature and gauge), that the non-linear terms disappear and that the awkward second order derivative terms cancel; for 4-dimensional spacetimes (with Lorentz signature), this remarkably simple form was originally found by Illge, using spinor methods. It is also shown that, for most 4-dimensional vacuum spacetimes, any 3-potential in the Lanczos gauges which satisfies a simple homogeneous wave equation must be a Lanczos potential for the Weyl curvature tensor of the background vacuum spacetime. This result is used to prove that the form of a {\it possible} Lanczos potential proposed by Dolan and Kim for a class of vacuum spacetimes is in fact a genuine Lanczos potential for these spacetimes.
2004.07487
Johannes M\"unch
Johannes M\"unch, J\"urgen Struckmeier, David Vasak
Vanishing torsion coupling of the Maxwell field in canonical gauge theory of gravity
5 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Maxwell field can be viewed as a $U(1)$-gauge theory, therefore, generalizing it to form-invariance in dynamical spacetime backgrounds should take this symmetry into account. This is of essential importance when generalizations of general relativity to theories with non-vanishing torsion are considered. Despite the many statements in literature that a $U(1)$-gauge field cannot couple to torsion, this issue was recently revived. In this letter we contribute to the discussion by demonstrating via a canonical transformation within the framework of the DeDonder-Weyl Hamiltonian formalism that a $U(1)$-gauge field does not couple to torsion.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Apr 2020 07:10:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-04-17
[ [ "Münch", "Johannes", "" ], [ "Struckmeier", "Jürgen", "" ], [ "Vasak", "David", "" ] ]
The Maxwell field can be viewed as a $U(1)$-gauge theory, therefore, generalizing it to form-invariance in dynamical spacetime backgrounds should take this symmetry into account. This is of essential importance when generalizations of general relativity to theories with non-vanishing torsion are considered. Despite the many statements in literature that a $U(1)$-gauge field cannot couple to torsion, this issue was recently revived. In this letter we contribute to the discussion by demonstrating via a canonical transformation within the framework of the DeDonder-Weyl Hamiltonian formalism that a $U(1)$-gauge field does not couple to torsion.
2210.13750
Muhammad Zubair
M. Zubair, Muhammad Ali Raza and Ghulam Abbas
Optical Features of Rotating Black Hole with Nonlinear Electrodynamics
18 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for Publication in European Physical Journal C
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10925-6
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
In this article, we considered the strong field approximation of nonlinear electrodynamics black hole and constructed its rotating counterpart by applying the modified Newman-Janis algorithm. The corresponding metric function in the strong field limit of the static black hole is identified in order to study the radius of photon sphere. However, the metric function for the rotating counterpart in the strong field limit is considered in order to study the horizon radius w.r.t spin parameter. We considered the Hamilton-Jacobi method to derive the geodesic equations for photon and constructed an orthonormal tetrad for deriving the equations for celestial coordinates in the observer's sky. Shadows, distortions and energy emission rates are investigated and the results are compared for different values of nonlinear electrodynamics parameter, charge and spin. It is found that the presence of the nonlinear electrodynamics parameter affects the shape and size of the shadows and thus the distortion in the case of rotation. It is also found that the nonlinearity of electrodynamics diminishes the flatness in the shadow due to the effect of spin and other parameters.
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 Oct 2022 13:50:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-11-23
[ [ "Zubair", "M.", "" ], [ "Raza", "Muhammad Ali", "" ], [ "Abbas", "Ghulam", "" ] ]
In this article, we considered the strong field approximation of nonlinear electrodynamics black hole and constructed its rotating counterpart by applying the modified Newman-Janis algorithm. The corresponding metric function in the strong field limit of the static black hole is identified in order to study the radius of photon sphere. However, the metric function for the rotating counterpart in the strong field limit is considered in order to study the horizon radius w.r.t spin parameter. We considered the Hamilton-Jacobi method to derive the geodesic equations for photon and constructed an orthonormal tetrad for deriving the equations for celestial coordinates in the observer's sky. Shadows, distortions and energy emission rates are investigated and the results are compared for different values of nonlinear electrodynamics parameter, charge and spin. It is found that the presence of the nonlinear electrodynamics parameter affects the shape and size of the shadows and thus the distortion in the case of rotation. It is also found that the nonlinearity of electrodynamics diminishes the flatness in the shadow due to the effect of spin and other parameters.
gr-qc/0703084
Spiros Cotsakis
Spiros Cotsakis
Talking About Singularities
29 pages, latex, rapporteur contribution to the Parallel Session on Cosmological Singularities, MG11, Berlin 2006
null
10.1142/9789812834300_0035
null
gr-qc
null
We discuss some aspects of recent research as well as more general issues about motivation, useful methods and open problems in the field of cosmological singularities. In particular, we review some of the approaches to the general area and include discussions of the method of asymptotic splittings, singularity and completeness theorems and the use of the Bel-Robinson energy to prove completeness theorems and classify cosmological singularities.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Mar 2007 12:11:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-15
[ [ "Cotsakis", "Spiros", "" ] ]
We discuss some aspects of recent research as well as more general issues about motivation, useful methods and open problems in the field of cosmological singularities. In particular, we review some of the approaches to the general area and include discussions of the method of asymptotic splittings, singularity and completeness theorems and the use of the Bel-Robinson energy to prove completeness theorems and classify cosmological singularities.
1203.5032
Guido Cognola
Guido Cognola and Sergio Zerbini
One-loop F(R,P,Q) gravity in de Sitter universe
Latex, 10 pages, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. (special issue in honor of Prof. S. Dowker)
null
10.1088/1751-8113/45/37/374014
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by the dark energy issue, the one-loop quantization approach for a class of relativistic higher order theories is discussed in some detail. A specific F(R,P,Q) gravity model at the one-loop level in a de Sitter universe is investigated, extending the similar program developed for the case of $F(R)$ gravity. The stability conditions under arbitrary perturbations are derived.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Mar 2012 16:25:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-04
[ [ "Cognola", "Guido", "" ], [ "Zerbini", "Sergio", "" ] ]
Motivated by the dark energy issue, the one-loop quantization approach for a class of relativistic higher order theories is discussed in some detail. A specific F(R,P,Q) gravity model at the one-loop level in a de Sitter universe is investigated, extending the similar program developed for the case of $F(R)$ gravity. The stability conditions under arbitrary perturbations are derived.
1502.03935
Yuichiro Takushima
Yuichiro Takushima, Ayumu Terukina, Kazuhiro Yamamoto
Third order solutions of the cosmological density perturbations in the Horndeski's most general scalar-tensor theory with the Vainshtein mechanism
26 pages, 2 figures
Phys. Rev. D 92, 104033 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.104033
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the third order solutions of the cosmological density perturbations in the Horndeski's most general scalar-tensor theory under the condition that the Vainshtein mechanism is at work. In this work, we thoroughly investigate the independence property of the functions describing the nonlinear mode-couplings, which is also useful for models within the general relativity. Then, we find that the solutions of the density contrast and the velocity divergence up to the third order ones are characterized by 6 parameters. Furthermore, the 1-loop order power spectra obtained with the third order solutions are described by 4 parameters. We exemplify the behavior of the 1-loop order power spectra assuming the kinetic gravity braiding model, which demonstrates that the effect of the modified gravity appears more significantly in the power spectrum of the velocity divergence than the density contrast.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Feb 2015 10:36:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-11-25
[ [ "Takushima", "Yuichiro", "" ], [ "Terukina", "Ayumu", "" ], [ "Yamamoto", "Kazuhiro", "" ] ]
We study the third order solutions of the cosmological density perturbations in the Horndeski's most general scalar-tensor theory under the condition that the Vainshtein mechanism is at work. In this work, we thoroughly investigate the independence property of the functions describing the nonlinear mode-couplings, which is also useful for models within the general relativity. Then, we find that the solutions of the density contrast and the velocity divergence up to the third order ones are characterized by 6 parameters. Furthermore, the 1-loop order power spectra obtained with the third order solutions are described by 4 parameters. We exemplify the behavior of the 1-loop order power spectra assuming the kinetic gravity braiding model, which demonstrates that the effect of the modified gravity appears more significantly in the power spectrum of the velocity divergence than the density contrast.
2108.11995
Ulrich Sperhake
Thomas Helfer, Ulrich Sperhake, Robin Croft, Miren Radia, Bo-Xuan Ge, Eugene A. Lim
Malaise and remedy of binary boson-star initial data
28 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Classical Quantum Gravity
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac53b7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Through numerical simulations of boson-star head-on collisions, we explore the quality of binary initial data obtained from the superposition of single-star spacetimes. Our results demonstrate that evolutions starting from a plain superposition of individual boosted boson-star spacetimes are vulnerable to significant unphysical artefacts. These difficulties can be overcome with a simple modification of the initial data suggested in [PRD 99 (2018) 044046] for collisions of oscillatons. While we specifically consider massive complex scalar field boson star models up to a 6th-order-polynomial potential, we argue that this vulnerability is universal and present in other kinds of exotic compact systems and hence needs to be addressed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Aug 2021 18:47:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-04-13
[ [ "Helfer", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Sperhake", "Ulrich", "" ], [ "Croft", "Robin", "" ], [ "Radia", "Miren", "" ], [ "Ge", "Bo-Xuan", "" ], [ "Lim", "Eugene A.", "" ] ]
Through numerical simulations of boson-star head-on collisions, we explore the quality of binary initial data obtained from the superposition of single-star spacetimes. Our results demonstrate that evolutions starting from a plain superposition of individual boosted boson-star spacetimes are vulnerable to significant unphysical artefacts. These difficulties can be overcome with a simple modification of the initial data suggested in [PRD 99 (2018) 044046] for collisions of oscillatons. While we specifically consider massive complex scalar field boson star models up to a 6th-order-polynomial potential, we argue that this vulnerability is universal and present in other kinds of exotic compact systems and hence needs to be addressed.
1106.2852
Sijie Gao
Sijie Gao, Changchun Zhong
Non-extremal Kerr black holes as particle accelerators
11 pages, 5 figures. A few minor changes
Phys.Rev.D84:044006,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.84.044006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been shown that extremal Kerr black holes can be used as particle accelerators and arbitrarily high energy may be obtained near the event horizon. We study particle collisions near the event horizon (outer horizon) and Cauchy horizon (inner horizon) of a non-extremal Kerr black hole. Firstly, we provide a general proof showing that particles cannot collide with arbitrarily high energies at the outter horizon. Secondly, we show that ultraenergetic collisions can occur near the inner horizon of a Kerr black hole with any spin parameter $a$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Jun 2011 01:10:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 3 Aug 2011 14:35:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-08-12
[ [ "Gao", "Sijie", "" ], [ "Zhong", "Changchun", "" ] ]
It has been shown that extremal Kerr black holes can be used as particle accelerators and arbitrarily high energy may be obtained near the event horizon. We study particle collisions near the event horizon (outer horizon) and Cauchy horizon (inner horizon) of a non-extremal Kerr black hole. Firstly, we provide a general proof showing that particles cannot collide with arbitrarily high energies at the outter horizon. Secondly, we show that ultraenergetic collisions can occur near the inner horizon of a Kerr black hole with any spin parameter $a$.
1602.08878
Somenath Chakrabarty
Soma Mitra, Sanchari De and Somenath Chakrabarty
Some Theoretical Aspects of Quantum Mechanical Equations in Rindler Space
40 pages LATEX file, 3 .eps figures (included)
European Physical Journal PLUS, 132, 114, (2017)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this article we have investigated some of the theoretical aspects of the solutions of quantum mechanical equations in Rindler space. We have developed the formalism for exact analytical solutions for Schr$\ddot{\rm{o}}$dinger equation and Klein-Gordon equation. Along with the approximate form of solutions for these two quantum mechanical equations. We have discussed the physical significance of our findings. The Hamiltonian operator in Rindler space is found to be non-Hermitian in nature. But the energy eigen values or the energy eigen spectra are observed to be real. We have noticed that the sole reason behind such real behavior is the PT symmetric form of the Hamiltonian operator.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Feb 2016 09:31:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-03-28
[ [ "Mitra", "Soma", "" ], [ "De", "Sanchari", "" ], [ "Chakrabarty", "Somenath", "" ] ]
In this article we have investigated some of the theoretical aspects of the solutions of quantum mechanical equations in Rindler space. We have developed the formalism for exact analytical solutions for Schr$\ddot{\rm{o}}$dinger equation and Klein-Gordon equation. Along with the approximate form of solutions for these two quantum mechanical equations. We have discussed the physical significance of our findings. The Hamiltonian operator in Rindler space is found to be non-Hermitian in nature. But the energy eigen values or the energy eigen spectra are observed to be real. We have noticed that the sole reason behind such real behavior is the PT symmetric form of the Hamiltonian operator.
1706.06826
Cl\'audio Gomes
Orfeu Bertolami, Cl\'audio Gomes and Francisco S.N. Lobo
Gravitational waves in theories with a non-minimal curvature-matter coupling
9 pages. Version published at Eur. Phys. J. C
Eur. Phys. J. C (2018) 78:303
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5781-5
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational waves in the presence of a non-minimal curvature-matter coupling are analysed, both in the Newman-Penrose and perturbation theory formalisms. Considering a cosmological constant as a source, the non-minimally coupled matter-curvature model reduces to $f(R)$ theories. This is in good agreement with the most recent data. Furthermore, a dark energy-like fluid is briefly considered, where the propagation equation for the tensor modes differs from the previous scenario, in that the scalar mode equation has an extra term, which can be interpreted as the longitudinal mode being the result of the mixture of two fundamental excitations $\delta R$ and $\delta \rho$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Jun 2017 11:15:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Jan 2018 23:22:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 May 2018 16:48:31 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-05-03
[ [ "Bertolami", "Orfeu", "" ], [ "Gomes", "Cláudio", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves in the presence of a non-minimal curvature-matter coupling are analysed, both in the Newman-Penrose and perturbation theory formalisms. Considering a cosmological constant as a source, the non-minimally coupled matter-curvature model reduces to $f(R)$ theories. This is in good agreement with the most recent data. Furthermore, a dark energy-like fluid is briefly considered, where the propagation equation for the tensor modes differs from the previous scenario, in that the scalar mode equation has an extra term, which can be interpreted as the longitudinal mode being the result of the mixture of two fundamental excitations $\delta R$ and $\delta \rho$.
gr-qc/9906018
G. Dautcourt
G. Dautcourt
Classical back reaction of low-frequency cosmic gravitational radiation
13 double column pages, no figs, submitted to Phys.Rev.D
Phys.Rev. D60 (1999) 044008
10.1103/PhysRevD.60.044008
null
gr-qc
null
We study in a Brill-Hartle type of approximation the back reaction of a superposition of linear gravitational waves on the mean gravitational field up to second order in the wave amplitudes. The background field is taken as an Einstein-deSitter geometry. In order to follow inflationary scenarios, the wavelengths are allowed to exceed the temporary Hubble distance. As in optical coherence theory, the wave amplitudes are considered as random variables, which form a homogeneous and isotropic stochastic process, sharing the symmetries of the background metric. The effective stress-energy tensor for the random waves is calculated in terms of correlation functions and covers subhorizon as well as superhorizon modes, the latter give in many cases negative contributions to energy density and pressure. We discuss solutions of the second-order equations including pure gravitational radiation universes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Jun 1999 21:43:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Dautcourt", "G.", "" ] ]
We study in a Brill-Hartle type of approximation the back reaction of a superposition of linear gravitational waves on the mean gravitational field up to second order in the wave amplitudes. The background field is taken as an Einstein-deSitter geometry. In order to follow inflationary scenarios, the wavelengths are allowed to exceed the temporary Hubble distance. As in optical coherence theory, the wave amplitudes are considered as random variables, which form a homogeneous and isotropic stochastic process, sharing the symmetries of the background metric. The effective stress-energy tensor for the random waves is calculated in terms of correlation functions and covers subhorizon as well as superhorizon modes, the latter give in many cases negative contributions to energy density and pressure. We discuss solutions of the second-order equations including pure gravitational radiation universes.
1511.05545
Manuel Kraemer
David Brizuela, Claus Kiefer, Manuel Kraemer
Quantum-gravitational effects on gauge-invariant scalar and tensor perturbations during inflation: The de Sitter case
21 pages, 5 figures, clarifications and references added, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 93, 104035 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.104035
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present detailed calculations for quantum-gravitational corrections to the power spectra of gauge-invariant scalar and tensor perturbations during inflation. This is done by performing a semiclassical Born-Oppenheimer type of approximation to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, from which we obtain a Schroedinger equation with quantum-gravitational correction terms. As a first step, we perform our calculation for a de Sitter universe and find that the correction terms lead to an enhancement of power on the largest scales.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Nov 2015 20:51:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 21 Apr 2016 18:57:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-05-19
[ [ "Brizuela", "David", "" ], [ "Kiefer", "Claus", "" ], [ "Kraemer", "Manuel", "" ] ]
We present detailed calculations for quantum-gravitational corrections to the power spectra of gauge-invariant scalar and tensor perturbations during inflation. This is done by performing a semiclassical Born-Oppenheimer type of approximation to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, from which we obtain a Schroedinger equation with quantum-gravitational correction terms. As a first step, we perform our calculation for a de Sitter universe and find that the correction terms lead to an enhancement of power on the largest scales.
gr-qc/9305002
Ng Ka Lok
K. L. Ng
Gravitational form factors of the neutrino
TEX, need PHYZZX.TEX, 16 pages, NTU-TH-03
Phys.Rev. D47 (1993) 5187-5190
10.1103/PhysRevD.47.5187
null
gr-qc
null
The gravitational properties of the neutrino is studied in the weak field approximation. By imposing the hermiticity condition, CPT and CP invariance on the \em tensor matrix element, we shown that the allowed gravitational form factors for Dirac and Majorana neutrinos are very different. In a CPT and CP invariant theory, the \em tensor for a Dirac neutrino of the same specie is characterized by four gravitational form factors. As a result of CPT invariance, the \em tensor for a Majorana neutrino of the same specie has five form factors. In a CP invariant theory, if the initial and final Majorana neutrinos have the same (opposite) CP parity, then only tensor (pseudo-tensor) type transition are allowed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 May 1993 23:24:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Ng", "K. L.", "" ] ]
The gravitational properties of the neutrino is studied in the weak field approximation. By imposing the hermiticity condition, CPT and CP invariance on the \em tensor matrix element, we shown that the allowed gravitational form factors for Dirac and Majorana neutrinos are very different. In a CPT and CP invariant theory, the \em tensor for a Dirac neutrino of the same specie is characterized by four gravitational form factors. As a result of CPT invariance, the \em tensor for a Majorana neutrino of the same specie has five form factors. In a CP invariant theory, if the initial and final Majorana neutrinos have the same (opposite) CP parity, then only tensor (pseudo-tensor) type transition are allowed.
1404.0687
Sam Dolan Dr
Carolina L. Benone, Ednilton S. de Oliveira, Sam R. Dolan and Lu\'is C. B. Crispino
Absorption of a massive scalar field by a charged black hole
12 pages, 12 figures. To match published version
Phys.Rev.D 89, 104053 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.104053
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the absorption cross section of a massive neutral scalar field impinging upon a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. First, we derive key approximations in the high- and low-frequency regimes. Next, we develop a numerical method to compute the cross section at intermediate frequencies, and present a selection of results. Finally, we draw together our complementary approaches to give a quantitative full-spectrum description of absorption.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Apr 2014 20:05:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Jul 2014 08:22:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-16
[ [ "Benone", "Carolina L.", "" ], [ "de Oliveira", "Ednilton S.", "" ], [ "Dolan", "Sam R.", "" ], [ "Crispino", "Luís C. B.", "" ] ]
We calculate the absorption cross section of a massive neutral scalar field impinging upon a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. First, we derive key approximations in the high- and low-frequency regimes. Next, we develop a numerical method to compute the cross section at intermediate frequencies, and present a selection of results. Finally, we draw together our complementary approaches to give a quantitative full-spectrum description of absorption.
1211.6983
S Habib Mazharimousavi
M. Halilsoy and S. Habib Mazharimousavi
Unified Bertotti-Robinson and Melvin Spacetimes
8 pages 3 figures, major revision
Phys. Rev. D 88, 064021 (2013) [8 pages]
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.064021
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a solution for the Einstein-Maxwell (EM) equations which unifies both the magnetic Bertotti-Robinson (BR) and Melvin (ML) solutions as a single metric in the axially symmetric coordinates ${t,\rho,z,\varphi} $. Depending on the strength of magnetic field the spacetime manifold, unlike the cases of separate BR and ML spacetime, develops singularity on the symmetry axis ($\rho =0$). Our analysis shows, beside other things that there are regions inaccessible to all null geodesics.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Nov 2012 10:30:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Aug 2013 08:23:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-09-17
[ [ "Halilsoy", "M.", "" ], [ "Mazharimousavi", "S. Habib", "" ] ]
We present a solution for the Einstein-Maxwell (EM) equations which unifies both the magnetic Bertotti-Robinson (BR) and Melvin (ML) solutions as a single metric in the axially symmetric coordinates ${t,\rho,z,\varphi} $. Depending on the strength of magnetic field the spacetime manifold, unlike the cases of separate BR and ML spacetime, develops singularity on the symmetry axis ($\rho =0$). Our analysis shows, beside other things that there are regions inaccessible to all null geodesics.
2212.13590
Horacio Santana Vieira
H. S. Vieira
Quasibound states of analytic black-hole configurations in three and four dimensions
15 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Matches published version in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 107, 104011 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.104011
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we analyze the sound perturbation of Unruh's acoustic effective geometry in both (2+1) and (3+1) spacetime dimensions and present an exact analytical expression for the quasibound states of these idealized black-hole configurations by using a new approach recently developed, which uses the polynomial conditions of the hypergeometric functions. Our main goal is to discuss the effects of having an event horizon in such effective metrics. We also discuss the stability of the systems and present the radial eigenfunctions related to these quasibound state frequencies. These metrics assume just the form it has for a Schwarzschild black hole near the event horizon, and therefore may, in principle, shed some light into the underlying classical and quantum physics of astrophysical black holes through analog acoustic probes.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Dec 2022 19:26:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 May 2023 14:23:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-23
[ [ "Vieira", "H. S.", "" ] ]
In this work we analyze the sound perturbation of Unruh's acoustic effective geometry in both (2+1) and (3+1) spacetime dimensions and present an exact analytical expression for the quasibound states of these idealized black-hole configurations by using a new approach recently developed, which uses the polynomial conditions of the hypergeometric functions. Our main goal is to discuss the effects of having an event horizon in such effective metrics. We also discuss the stability of the systems and present the radial eigenfunctions related to these quasibound state frequencies. These metrics assume just the form it has for a Schwarzschild black hole near the event horizon, and therefore may, in principle, shed some light into the underlying classical and quantum physics of astrophysical black holes through analog acoustic probes.
0801.3429
Nickolas Fotopoulos
Nickolas V Fotopoulos (for the LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
Searching for stochastic gravitational-wave background with the co-located LIGO interferometers
Proceedings paper from the 7th Edoardo Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, held in Sydney, Australia from 8-14 July 2007. Accepted to J. Phys.: Conf. Ser
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.122:012032,2008
10.1088/1742-6596/122/1/012032
null
gr-qc
null
This paper presents techniques developed by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration to search for the stochastic gravitational-wave background using the co-located pair of LIGO interferometers at Hanford, WA. We use correlations between interferometers and environment monitoring instruments, as well as time-shifts between two interferometers (described here for the first time) to identify correlated noise from non-gravitational sources. We veto particularly noisy frequency bands and assess the level of residual non-gravitational coupling that exists in the surviving data.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Jan 2008 17:55:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-08-13
[ [ "Fotopoulos", "Nickolas V", "", "for the LIGO Scientific Collaboration" ] ]
This paper presents techniques developed by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration to search for the stochastic gravitational-wave background using the co-located pair of LIGO interferometers at Hanford, WA. We use correlations between interferometers and environment monitoring instruments, as well as time-shifts between two interferometers (described here for the first time) to identify correlated noise from non-gravitational sources. We veto particularly noisy frequency bands and assess the level of residual non-gravitational coupling that exists in the surviving data.
1609.04332
Andrei Dubikovsky
K.V. Antipin, A.I. Dubikovsky, P.K. Silaev
Properties of collapse dynamics in relativistic theory of gravitation in the case of smooth initial matter distributions
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use both numerical and analytical approaches to study the dynamics of the gravitational collapse in the framework of the relativistic theory of gravitation (RTG). We use various equations of state for the collapsing matter and relatively realistic initial conditions with smooth matter distribution, which corresponds to static solution for the given equation of state. We also obtain results concerning the influence of the graviton mass on the properties of static solutions. We specify several characteristics of the process of the collapse, in particular, we determine the dependence of the turning point time (when contraction is replaced by inflation) on the graviton mass. We also study the influence of non-zero pressure on the dynamics of the collapse.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Sep 2016 16:18:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-09-15
[ [ "Antipin", "K. V.", "" ], [ "Dubikovsky", "A. I.", "" ], [ "Silaev", "P. K.", "" ] ]
We use both numerical and analytical approaches to study the dynamics of the gravitational collapse in the framework of the relativistic theory of gravitation (RTG). We use various equations of state for the collapsing matter and relatively realistic initial conditions with smooth matter distribution, which corresponds to static solution for the given equation of state. We also obtain results concerning the influence of the graviton mass on the properties of static solutions. We specify several characteristics of the process of the collapse, in particular, we determine the dependence of the turning point time (when contraction is replaced by inflation) on the graviton mass. We also study the influence of non-zero pressure on the dynamics of the collapse.
1801.00133
Yu-Ping Wang
Yu-Ping Wang
A Model of the Collapse and Evaporation of Charged Black Holes
23 pages, 3 figures; fixed typo
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aae256
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, a natural generalization of KMY model is proposed for the evaporation of charged black holes. Within the proposed model, the back reaction of Hawking radiation is considered. More specifically, we consider the equation $G_{\mu\nu} = 8\pi \langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$, in which the matter content $\langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$ is assumed spherically symmetric. With this equation of motion, the asymptotic behavior of the model is analyzed. Two kinds of matter contents are taken into consideration in this paper. In the first case (the thin-shell model), the infalling matter is simulated by a null-like charged sphere collapsing into its center. In the second case, we consider a continuous distribution of spherical symmetric infalling null-like charged matter. It is simulated by taking the continuous limit of many co-centric spheres collapsing into the center. We find that in the thin-shell case, an event horizon forms and the shell passes through the horizon before becoming extremal, provided that it is not initially near-extremal. In the case of continuous matter distribution, we consider explicitly an extremal center covered by neutral infalling matter and find that the event horizon also forms. The black hole itself will become near-extremal eventually, leaving possibly a non-electromagnetic energy residue less than the order of $\ell_{p}^{4}/e_{0}^{3}$. The details of the behavior of these models are explicitly worked out in this paper.
[ { "created": "Sat, 30 Dec 2017 13:32:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Mar 2018 12:47:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-24
[ [ "Wang", "Yu-Ping", "" ] ]
In this paper, a natural generalization of KMY model is proposed for the evaporation of charged black holes. Within the proposed model, the back reaction of Hawking radiation is considered. More specifically, we consider the equation $G_{\mu\nu} = 8\pi \langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$, in which the matter content $\langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$ is assumed spherically symmetric. With this equation of motion, the asymptotic behavior of the model is analyzed. Two kinds of matter contents are taken into consideration in this paper. In the first case (the thin-shell model), the infalling matter is simulated by a null-like charged sphere collapsing into its center. In the second case, we consider a continuous distribution of spherical symmetric infalling null-like charged matter. It is simulated by taking the continuous limit of many co-centric spheres collapsing into the center. We find that in the thin-shell case, an event horizon forms and the shell passes through the horizon before becoming extremal, provided that it is not initially near-extremal. In the case of continuous matter distribution, we consider explicitly an extremal center covered by neutral infalling matter and find that the event horizon also forms. The black hole itself will become near-extremal eventually, leaving possibly a non-electromagnetic energy residue less than the order of $\ell_{p}^{4}/e_{0}^{3}$. The details of the behavior of these models are explicitly worked out in this paper.
1107.5185
Jacek Puchta M.Sc.
Marcin Kisielowski, Jerzy Lewandowski, Jacek Puchta
Feynman diagrammatic approach to spin foams
36 pages, 23 figures
null
10.1088/0264-9381/29/1/015009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
"The Spin Foams for People Without the 3d/4d Imagination" could be an alternative title of our work. We derive spin foams from operator spin network diagrams} we introduce. Our diagrams are the spin network analogy of the Feynman diagrams. Their framework is compatible with the framework of Loop Quantum Gravity. For every operator spin network diagram we construct a corresponding operator spin foam. Admitting all the spin networks of LQG and all possible diagrams leads to a clearly defined large class of operator spin foams. In this way our framework provides a proposal for a class of 2-cell complexes that should be used in the spin foam theories of LQG. Within this class, our diagrams are just equivalent to the spin foams. The advantage, however, in the diagram framework is, that it is self contained, all the amplitudes can be calculated directly from the diagrams without explicit visualization of the corresponding spin foams. The spin network diagram operators and amplitudes are consistently defined on their own. Each diagram encodes all the combinatorial information. We illustrate applications of our diagrams: we introduce a diagram definition of Rovelli's surface amplitudes as well as of the canonical transition amplitudes. Importantly, our operator spin network diagrams are defined in a sufficiently general way to accommodate all the versions of the EPRL or the FK model, as well as other possible models. The diagrams are also compatible with the structure of the LQG Hamiltonian operators, what is an additional advantage. Finally, a scheme for a complete definition of a spin foam theory by declaring a set of interaction vertices emerges from the examples presented at the end of the paper.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Jul 2011 11:59:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-28
[ [ "Kisielowski", "Marcin", "" ], [ "Lewandowski", "Jerzy", "" ], [ "Puchta", "Jacek", "" ] ]
"The Spin Foams for People Without the 3d/4d Imagination" could be an alternative title of our work. We derive spin foams from operator spin network diagrams} we introduce. Our diagrams are the spin network analogy of the Feynman diagrams. Their framework is compatible with the framework of Loop Quantum Gravity. For every operator spin network diagram we construct a corresponding operator spin foam. Admitting all the spin networks of LQG and all possible diagrams leads to a clearly defined large class of operator spin foams. In this way our framework provides a proposal for a class of 2-cell complexes that should be used in the spin foam theories of LQG. Within this class, our diagrams are just equivalent to the spin foams. The advantage, however, in the diagram framework is, that it is self contained, all the amplitudes can be calculated directly from the diagrams without explicit visualization of the corresponding spin foams. The spin network diagram operators and amplitudes are consistently defined on their own. Each diagram encodes all the combinatorial information. We illustrate applications of our diagrams: we introduce a diagram definition of Rovelli's surface amplitudes as well as of the canonical transition amplitudes. Importantly, our operator spin network diagrams are defined in a sufficiently general way to accommodate all the versions of the EPRL or the FK model, as well as other possible models. The diagrams are also compatible with the structure of the LQG Hamiltonian operators, what is an additional advantage. Finally, a scheme for a complete definition of a spin foam theory by declaring a set of interaction vertices emerges from the examples presented at the end of the paper.
gr-qc/0608087
Peter Hogan
C. Barrabes and P. A. Hogan
The Bell-Szekeres Solution and Related Solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell Equations
18 pages, Latex file
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 5265-5278
10.1088/0264-9381/23/17/010
null
gr-qc
null
A novel technique for solving some head-on collisions of plane homogeneous light-like signals in Einstein-Maxwell theory is described. The technique is a by-product of a re-examination of the fundamental Bell-Szekeres solution in this field of study. Extensions of the Bell-Szekeres collision problem to include light-like shells and gravitational waves are described and a family of solutions having geometrical and topological properties in common with the Bell-Szekeres solution is derived.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Aug 2006 08:57:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Barrabes", "C.", "" ], [ "Hogan", "P. A.", "" ] ]
A novel technique for solving some head-on collisions of plane homogeneous light-like signals in Einstein-Maxwell theory is described. The technique is a by-product of a re-examination of the fundamental Bell-Szekeres solution in this field of study. Extensions of the Bell-Szekeres collision problem to include light-like shells and gravitational waves are described and a family of solutions having geometrical and topological properties in common with the Bell-Szekeres solution is derived.
gr-qc/9412065
Justin D. Hayward
J. D. Hayward
Entropy in the RST Model
10 pages, minor revisions, published version in Latex
Phys.Rev. D52 (1995) 2239-2244
10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2239
DAMTP-R94/61
gr-qc hep-th
null
The RST Model is given boundary term and Z-field so that it is well-posed and local. The Euclidean method is described for general theory and used to calculate the RST intrinsic entropy. The evolution of this entropy for the shockwave solutions is found and obeys a second law.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Dec 1994 12:12:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 3 Aug 1995 15:51:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Hayward", "J. D.", "" ] ]
The RST Model is given boundary term and Z-field so that it is well-posed and local. The Euclidean method is described for general theory and used to calculate the RST intrinsic entropy. The evolution of this entropy for the shockwave solutions is found and obeys a second law.
gr-qc/0502096
Pavel Krtous
Pavel Krtous, Jiri Podolsky
Asymptotic directional structure of radiation for fields of algebraic type D
20 pages, 6 figures
Czech.J.Phys. 55 (2005) 119-138
10.1007/BF03031996
null
gr-qc
null
The directional behavior of dominant components of algebraically special spin-s fields near a spacelike, timelike or null conformal infinity is studied. By extending our previous general investigations we concentrate on fields which admit a pair of equivalent algebraically special null directions, such as the Petrov type D gravitational fields or algebraically general electromagnetic fields. We introduce and discuss a canonical choice of the reference tetrad near infinity in all possible situations, and we present the corresponding asymptotic directional structures using the most natural parametrizations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Feb 2005 17:21:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Krtous", "Pavel", "" ], [ "Podolsky", "Jiri", "" ] ]
The directional behavior of dominant components of algebraically special spin-s fields near a spacelike, timelike or null conformal infinity is studied. By extending our previous general investigations we concentrate on fields which admit a pair of equivalent algebraically special null directions, such as the Petrov type D gravitational fields or algebraically general electromagnetic fields. We introduce and discuss a canonical choice of the reference tetrad near infinity in all possible situations, and we present the corresponding asymptotic directional structures using the most natural parametrizations.
1402.0205
Jian-Yang Zhu
Xiao-Min Zhang and Jian-Yang Zhu
Extension of warm inflation to noncanonical scalar fields
7 pages, 0 figures, accepted by Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 90, 123519 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.123519
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend the warm inflationary scenario to the case of the noncanonical scalar fields. The equation of motion and the other basic equations of this new scenario are obtained. The Hubble damped term is enhanced in noncanonical inflation. A linear stability analysis is performed to give the proper slow-roll conditions in warm noncanonical inflation. We study the density fluctuations in the new picture and obtain an approximate analytic expression of the power spectrum. The energy scale at the horizon crossing is depressed by both noncanonical effect and thermal effect, and so is the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Besides the synergy, the noncanonical effect and the thermal effect are competing in the case of the warm noncanonical inflation.
[ { "created": "Sun, 2 Feb 2014 15:35:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 14 Dec 2014 14:34:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-12-24
[ [ "Zhang", "Xiao-Min", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Jian-Yang", "" ] ]
We extend the warm inflationary scenario to the case of the noncanonical scalar fields. The equation of motion and the other basic equations of this new scenario are obtained. The Hubble damped term is enhanced in noncanonical inflation. A linear stability analysis is performed to give the proper slow-roll conditions in warm noncanonical inflation. We study the density fluctuations in the new picture and obtain an approximate analytic expression of the power spectrum. The energy scale at the horizon crossing is depressed by both noncanonical effect and thermal effect, and so is the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Besides the synergy, the noncanonical effect and the thermal effect are competing in the case of the warm noncanonical inflation.
2101.07790
Koray D\"uzta\c{s}
Koray D\"uzta\c{s}
The variational method, backreactions, and the absorption probability in Wald type problems
Accepted to appear in European Physical Journal C
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-08879-2
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We argue that the variational method in Wald type thought experiments, involves order of magnitude problems when one imposes the fact that $\delta M$ is inherently a first order quantity itself. One observes that the contribution of the second order perturbations is actually of the fourth order. Therefore backreactions have to be explicitly calculated. Here, we re-consider the overspinning problem for Kerr-Newman black holes interacting with test fields. We calculate the backreaction effects due to the induced increase in the angular velocity of the event horizon, which brings a partial solution to the overspinning problem. To bring an ultimate solution, we argue that the absorption probability should be taken into account in Wald type problems where black holes interact with test fields. This fundamentally alters the course of the analysis of the thought experiments. Due to the fact that a small fraction of the challenging modes is absorbed by the black holes, overspinning is prevented for both nearly extremal and extremal cases. Some extreme cases are easily fixed by backreaction effects. The arguments do not apply to the generic overspinning by fermionic fields for which the absorption probability is positive definite.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Jan 2021 22:06:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-01-21
[ [ "Düztaş", "Koray", "" ] ]
We argue that the variational method in Wald type thought experiments, involves order of magnitude problems when one imposes the fact that $\delta M$ is inherently a first order quantity itself. One observes that the contribution of the second order perturbations is actually of the fourth order. Therefore backreactions have to be explicitly calculated. Here, we re-consider the overspinning problem for Kerr-Newman black holes interacting with test fields. We calculate the backreaction effects due to the induced increase in the angular velocity of the event horizon, which brings a partial solution to the overspinning problem. To bring an ultimate solution, we argue that the absorption probability should be taken into account in Wald type problems where black holes interact with test fields. This fundamentally alters the course of the analysis of the thought experiments. Due to the fact that a small fraction of the challenging modes is absorbed by the black holes, overspinning is prevented for both nearly extremal and extremal cases. Some extreme cases are easily fixed by backreaction effects. The arguments do not apply to the generic overspinning by fermionic fields for which the absorption probability is positive definite.
2111.14773
Paolo Meda
Paolo Meda
Trace anomaly and evaporation of spherical black holes
14 pages, 3 figure. Contribution to the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG16), July 5-10 (2021). Minor corrections added with respect to the submitted proceeding
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The evaporation of four-dimensional spherically symmetric black holes is presented in the framework of quantum field theory in curved spacetimes and semiclassical gravity. It is discussed how the evaporation process can be sourced by the presence of the trace anomaly of a massless, conformally coupled scalar field outside the apparent horizon of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Nov 2021 18:32:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-30
[ [ "Meda", "Paolo", "" ] ]
The evaporation of four-dimensional spherically symmetric black holes is presented in the framework of quantum field theory in curved spacetimes and semiclassical gravity. It is discussed how the evaporation process can be sourced by the presence of the trace anomaly of a massless, conformally coupled scalar field outside the apparent horizon of the black hole.
1002.0648
Jun Ren
Jun Ren and Cheng-Min Zhang
Neutrino oscillations in Kerr-Newman space-time
20 pages, no figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 27: 065011,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/6/065011
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
The mass neutrino oscillation in Kerr-Newman(K-N) space-time is studied in the plane $\theta=\theta_{0}$, and the general equations of oscillation phases are given. The effect of the rotation and electric charge on the phase is presented. Then, we consider three special cases: (1) The neutrinos travel along the geodesics with the angular momentum $L=aE$ in the equatorial plane. (2) The neutrinos travel along the geodesics with L=0 in the equatorial plane. (3) The neutrinos travel along the radial geodesics at the direction $\theta=0$. At last, we calculate the proper oscillation length in the K-N space time. The effect of the gravitational field on the oscillation length is embodied in the gravitational red shift factor. When the neutrino travels out of the gravitational field, the blue shift of the oscillation length takes place. We discussed the variation of the oscillation length influenced by the gravitational field strength, the rotation $a^{2}$ and charge $Q$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Feb 2010 05:35:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-03-03
[ [ "Ren", "Jun", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Cheng-Min", "" ] ]
The mass neutrino oscillation in Kerr-Newman(K-N) space-time is studied in the plane $\theta=\theta_{0}$, and the general equations of oscillation phases are given. The effect of the rotation and electric charge on the phase is presented. Then, we consider three special cases: (1) The neutrinos travel along the geodesics with the angular momentum $L=aE$ in the equatorial plane. (2) The neutrinos travel along the geodesics with L=0 in the equatorial plane. (3) The neutrinos travel along the radial geodesics at the direction $\theta=0$. At last, we calculate the proper oscillation length in the K-N space time. The effect of the gravitational field on the oscillation length is embodied in the gravitational red shift factor. When the neutrino travels out of the gravitational field, the blue shift of the oscillation length takes place. We discussed the variation of the oscillation length influenced by the gravitational field strength, the rotation $a^{2}$ and charge $Q$.
gr-qc/9812015
Patrice Hello
N. Arnaud, M. Davier, F. Cavalier and P.Hello
Detection of gravitational wave bursts by interferometric detectors
15 pages, 8 figures
Phys.Rev.D59:082002,1999
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.082002
null
gr-qc
null
We study in this paper some filters for the detection of burst-like signals in the data of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. We present first two general (non-linear) filters with no {\it a priori} assumption on the waveforms to detect. A third filter, a peak correlator, is also introduced and permits to estimate the gain, when some prior information is known about the waveforms. We use the catalogue of supernova gravitational-wave signals built by Zwerger and M\"uller in order to have a benchmark of the performance of each filter and to compare to the performance of the optimal filter. The three filters could be a part of an on-line triggering in interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, specialised in the selection of burst events.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Dec 1998 16:21:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-12-30
[ [ "Arnaud", "N.", "" ], [ "Davier", "M.", "" ], [ "Cavalier", "F.", "" ], [ "Hello", "P.", "" ] ]
We study in this paper some filters for the detection of burst-like signals in the data of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. We present first two general (non-linear) filters with no {\it a priori} assumption on the waveforms to detect. A third filter, a peak correlator, is also introduced and permits to estimate the gain, when some prior information is known about the waveforms. We use the catalogue of supernova gravitational-wave signals built by Zwerger and M\"uller in order to have a benchmark of the performance of each filter and to compare to the performance of the optimal filter. The three filters could be a part of an on-line triggering in interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, specialised in the selection of burst events.
gr-qc/9405033
Erik A. Martinez
Erik A. Martinez
Quasilocal Energy for a Kerr black hole
22 pages, Revtex, Alberta-Thy-18-94. (the approximations in Section IV have been improved. To appear in Phys. Rev. D )
Phys.Rev. D50 (1994) 4920-4928
10.1103/PhysRevD.50.4920
null
gr-qc
null
The quasilocal energy associated with a constant stationary time slice of the Kerr spacetime is presented. The calculations are based on a recent proposal \cite{by} in which quasilocal energy is derived from the Hamiltonian of spatially bounded gravitational systems. Three different classes of boundary surfaces for the Kerr slice are considered (constant radius surfaces, round spheres, and the ergosurface). Their embeddings in both the Kerr slice and flat three-dimensional space (required as a normalization of the energy) are analyzed. The energy contained within each surface is explicitly calculated in the slow rotation regime and its properties discussed in detail. The energy is a positive, monotonically decreasing function of the boundary surface radius. It approaches the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass at spatial infinity and reduces to (twice) the irreducible mass at the horizon of the Kerr black hole. The expressions possess the correct static limit and include negative contributions due to gravitational binding. The energy at the ergosurface is compared with the energies at other surfaces. Finally, the difficulties involved in an estimation of the energy in the fast rotation regime are discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 May 1994 14:45:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 16 Sep 1994 19:36:14 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Martinez", "Erik A.", "" ] ]
The quasilocal energy associated with a constant stationary time slice of the Kerr spacetime is presented. The calculations are based on a recent proposal \cite{by} in which quasilocal energy is derived from the Hamiltonian of spatially bounded gravitational systems. Three different classes of boundary surfaces for the Kerr slice are considered (constant radius surfaces, round spheres, and the ergosurface). Their embeddings in both the Kerr slice and flat three-dimensional space (required as a normalization of the energy) are analyzed. The energy contained within each surface is explicitly calculated in the slow rotation regime and its properties discussed in detail. The energy is a positive, monotonically decreasing function of the boundary surface radius. It approaches the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass at spatial infinity and reduces to (twice) the irreducible mass at the horizon of the Kerr black hole. The expressions possess the correct static limit and include negative contributions due to gravitational binding. The energy at the ergosurface is compared with the energies at other surfaces. Finally, the difficulties involved in an estimation of the energy in the fast rotation regime are discussed.
gr-qc/9809079
Jose Acacio de Barros
J. Acacio de Barros, N. Pinto-Neto, I. L. Shapiro
Quantum gravity correction, evolution of scalar field and inflation
11 pages, 3 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 16 (1999) 1773-1782
10.1088/0264-9381/16/6/311
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We take the first nontrivial coefficient of the Schwinger-DeWitt expansion as a leading correction to the action of the second-derivative metric-dilaton gravity. To fix the ambiguities related with an arbitrary choice of the gauge fixing condition and the parametrization for the quantum field, one has to use the classical equations of motion. As a result, the only corrections are the ones to the potential of the scalar field. It turns out that the parameters of the initial classical action may be chosen in such a way that the potential satisfies most of the conditions for successful inflation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Sep 1998 21:24:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "de Barros", "J. Acacio", "" ], [ "Pinto-Neto", "N.", "" ], [ "Shapiro", "I. L.", "" ] ]
We take the first nontrivial coefficient of the Schwinger-DeWitt expansion as a leading correction to the action of the second-derivative metric-dilaton gravity. To fix the ambiguities related with an arbitrary choice of the gauge fixing condition and the parametrization for the quantum field, one has to use the classical equations of motion. As a result, the only corrections are the ones to the potential of the scalar field. It turns out that the parameters of the initial classical action may be chosen in such a way that the potential satisfies most of the conditions for successful inflation.
2209.04584
Miguel Cruz
Miguel Cruz, Samuel Lepe and Germ\'an E. Soto
Phantom cosmologies from QCD ghost dark energy
16 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 106, 103508 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.103508
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We review a dynamical dark energy model scarcely studied in the literature and we introduce two possible generalizations. We discuss separately the behavior of the original model and a minimal extension of it by exploring some early and late times limits, we find that the cosmic components are related by their parameters state. In order to have access to the phantom regime we present two dark energy densities inspired from the holographic approach and from the emergent entropic forces model in the early universe. For the first case we obtain a Type III singularity and in the second proposal we have a transition from decelerated to accelerated cosmic expansion that starts as phantom type. However, the final stage of the universe is a de Sitter state.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Sep 2022 03:36:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2022 12:33:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-11-16
[ [ "Cruz", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Lepe", "Samuel", "" ], [ "Soto", "Germán E.", "" ] ]
We review a dynamical dark energy model scarcely studied in the literature and we introduce two possible generalizations. We discuss separately the behavior of the original model and a minimal extension of it by exploring some early and late times limits, we find that the cosmic components are related by their parameters state. In order to have access to the phantom regime we present two dark energy densities inspired from the holographic approach and from the emergent entropic forces model in the early universe. For the first case we obtain a Type III singularity and in the second proposal we have a transition from decelerated to accelerated cosmic expansion that starts as phantom type. However, the final stage of the universe is a de Sitter state.
gr-qc/9511048
Evan Reidell
R. Jackiw (MIT)
Two lectures on Two-Dimensional Gravity
23 pages in REVTeX. Talk presented at LASSF II, Caracas, Venezuela, October 1995
null
null
MIT-CTP-2486
gr-qc hep-th
null
(from the talk:) I shall here speak on gravity in (1+1)-dimensional space-time --- lineal gravity. The purpose of studying lower dimensional theories, and specifically lower dimensional gravity, is to gain insight into difficult conceptional issues, which are present and even more opaque in the physical (3+1)-dimensional world. Perhaps lessons learned in the lower-dimensional setting can be used to explicate physical problems. Moreover, if we are lucky, the lower-dimensional theories can have a direct physical relevance to modelling phenomena that is actually dynamically confined to the lower dimensionality. This is what happened with (2+1)-dimensional gravity: gravitational physics in the presence of cosmic strings (infinitely long, perpendicular to a plane) is adequately described planar gravity. Indeed the recently discussed causality puzzles raised by ``Gott time machines'' were resolved with the help of the lower-dimensional model...
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Nov 1995 21:47:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Jackiw", "R.", "", "MIT" ] ]
(from the talk:) I shall here speak on gravity in (1+1)-dimensional space-time --- lineal gravity. The purpose of studying lower dimensional theories, and specifically lower dimensional gravity, is to gain insight into difficult conceptional issues, which are present and even more opaque in the physical (3+1)-dimensional world. Perhaps lessons learned in the lower-dimensional setting can be used to explicate physical problems. Moreover, if we are lucky, the lower-dimensional theories can have a direct physical relevance to modelling phenomena that is actually dynamically confined to the lower dimensionality. This is what happened with (2+1)-dimensional gravity: gravitational physics in the presence of cosmic strings (infinitely long, perpendicular to a plane) is adequately described planar gravity. Indeed the recently discussed causality puzzles raised by ``Gott time machines'' were resolved with the help of the lower-dimensional model...
0809.3156
Riccardo Sturani
Hillary Sanctuary and Riccardo Sturani
Effective field theory analysis of the self-interacting chameleon
15 pages, 2 figures. Final version accepted for publication on General Relativity and Gravitation
Gen.Rel.Grav.42:1953-1967,2010
10.1007/s10714-010-0974-8
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyse the phenomenology of a self-interacting scalar field in the context of the chameleon scenario originally proposed by Khoury and Weltman. In the absence of self-interactions, this type of scalar field can mediate long range interactions and simultaneously evade constraints from violation of the weak equivalence principle. By applying to such a scalar field the effective field theory method proposed for Einstein gravity by Goldberger and Rothstein, we give a thorough perturbative evaluation of the importance of non-derivative self-interactions in determining the strength of the chameleon mediated force in the case of orbital motion. The self-interactions are potentially dangerous as they can change the long range behaviour of the field. Nevertheless, we show that they do not lead to any dramatic phenomenological consequence with respect to the linear case and solar system constraints are fulfilled.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Sep 2008 13:27:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Apr 2010 11:19:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-18
[ [ "Sanctuary", "Hillary", "" ], [ "Sturani", "Riccardo", "" ] ]
We analyse the phenomenology of a self-interacting scalar field in the context of the chameleon scenario originally proposed by Khoury and Weltman. In the absence of self-interactions, this type of scalar field can mediate long range interactions and simultaneously evade constraints from violation of the weak equivalence principle. By applying to such a scalar field the effective field theory method proposed for Einstein gravity by Goldberger and Rothstein, we give a thorough perturbative evaluation of the importance of non-derivative self-interactions in determining the strength of the chameleon mediated force in the case of orbital motion. The self-interactions are potentially dangerous as they can change the long range behaviour of the field. Nevertheless, we show that they do not lead to any dramatic phenomenological consequence with respect to the linear case and solar system constraints are fulfilled.
1711.02973
Giulia Gubitosi
Giulia Gubitosi, Joao Magueijo
Squeezing of scalar and tensor primordial perturbations generated by modified dispersion relations
null
Phys. Rev. D 97, 063502 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.063502
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In recent work we analyzed the evolution of primordial perturbations satisfying Planck-scale-modified dispersion relations and showed that there is no cosmological "squeezing" in the critical model that produces perturbations with a scale invariant spectrum. Nevertheless, the perturbations reenter the horizon as standing waves with the correct temporal phase because of the late-time decay of the momentum mode. Here we shed light on the absence of primordial squeezing by re-examining the problem in the dual rainbow frame, where $c$ is set to 1, shifting the varying $c$ effects elsewhere. In this frame gravity switches off at sub-Planckian wavelengths, so that the fluctuations behave as if they were in Minkowski spacetime. This is ultimately why they are not squeezed. However, away from the critical model squeezing does occur if the fluctuations spectrum is red, as is the case for scalar perturbations. Should the primordial gravity waves have a blue spectrum, we predict that they might not reenter the horizon as standing waves, because the momentum mode would be enhanced in the primordial phase.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Nov 2017 14:41:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-03-07
[ [ "Gubitosi", "Giulia", "" ], [ "Magueijo", "Joao", "" ] ]
In recent work we analyzed the evolution of primordial perturbations satisfying Planck-scale-modified dispersion relations and showed that there is no cosmological "squeezing" in the critical model that produces perturbations with a scale invariant spectrum. Nevertheless, the perturbations reenter the horizon as standing waves with the correct temporal phase because of the late-time decay of the momentum mode. Here we shed light on the absence of primordial squeezing by re-examining the problem in the dual rainbow frame, where $c$ is set to 1, shifting the varying $c$ effects elsewhere. In this frame gravity switches off at sub-Planckian wavelengths, so that the fluctuations behave as if they were in Minkowski spacetime. This is ultimately why they are not squeezed. However, away from the critical model squeezing does occur if the fluctuations spectrum is red, as is the case for scalar perturbations. Should the primordial gravity waves have a blue spectrum, we predict that they might not reenter the horizon as standing waves, because the momentum mode would be enhanced in the primordial phase.
1102.2857
Jonathan Thornburg
Jonathan Thornburg
The Capra Research Program for Modelling Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals
29 pages, 4 figures, invited review to appear in GW Notes (http://brownbag.lisascience.org/lisa-gw-notes/)
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Suppose a small compact object (black hole or neutron star) of mass $m$ orbits a large black hole of mass $M \gg m$. This system emits gravitational waves (GWs) that have a radiation-reaction effect on the particle's motion. EMRIs (extreme--mass-ratio inspirals) of this type will be important GW sources for LISA; LISA's data analysis will require highly accurate EMRI GW templates. In this article I outline the "Capra" research program to try to model EMRIs and calculate their GWs \textit{ab initio}, assuming only that $m \ll M$ and that the Einstein equations hold. Here we treat the EMRI spacetime as a perturbation of the large black hole's "background" (Schwarzschild or Kerr) spacetime and use the methods of black-hole perturbation theory, expanding in the small parameter $m/M$. The small body's motion can be described either as the result of a radiation-reaction "self-force" acting in the background spacetime or as geodesic motion in a perturbed spacetime. Several different lines of reasoning lead to the (same) basic $\O(m/M)$ "MiSaTaQuWa" equations of motion for the particle. Surprisingly, for a nonlinear field theory such as general relativity, modelling the small body as a point particle works well. The particle's own field is singular along the particle worldline so it's difficult to formulate a meaningful "perturbation" theory or equations of motion there. I discuss "mode-sum" and "puncture-function" regularization schemes that resolve this difficulty and allow practical self-force calculations, and I outline an important recent calculation of this type. Most Capra research to date has used 1st order perturbation theory. To obtain the very high accuracies needed to fully exploit LISA's observations of the strongest EMRIs, 2nd order perturbation theory will probably be needed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Feb 2011 19:06:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-02-15
[ [ "Thornburg", "Jonathan", "" ] ]
Suppose a small compact object (black hole or neutron star) of mass $m$ orbits a large black hole of mass $M \gg m$. This system emits gravitational waves (GWs) that have a radiation-reaction effect on the particle's motion. EMRIs (extreme--mass-ratio inspirals) of this type will be important GW sources for LISA; LISA's data analysis will require highly accurate EMRI GW templates. In this article I outline the "Capra" research program to try to model EMRIs and calculate their GWs \textit{ab initio}, assuming only that $m \ll M$ and that the Einstein equations hold. Here we treat the EMRI spacetime as a perturbation of the large black hole's "background" (Schwarzschild or Kerr) spacetime and use the methods of black-hole perturbation theory, expanding in the small parameter $m/M$. The small body's motion can be described either as the result of a radiation-reaction "self-force" acting in the background spacetime or as geodesic motion in a perturbed spacetime. Several different lines of reasoning lead to the (same) basic $\O(m/M)$ "MiSaTaQuWa" equations of motion for the particle. Surprisingly, for a nonlinear field theory such as general relativity, modelling the small body as a point particle works well. The particle's own field is singular along the particle worldline so it's difficult to formulate a meaningful "perturbation" theory or equations of motion there. I discuss "mode-sum" and "puncture-function" regularization schemes that resolve this difficulty and allow practical self-force calculations, and I outline an important recent calculation of this type. Most Capra research to date has used 1st order perturbation theory. To obtain the very high accuracies needed to fully exploit LISA's observations of the strongest EMRIs, 2nd order perturbation theory will probably be needed.
2002.02501
Nathaniel Strauss
Nathaniel A. Strauss, Bernard F. Whiting, and Anne T. Franzen
Classical Tools for Antipodal Identification in Reissner-Nordstr\"om Spacetime
35 pages, 17 figures
Class. Quant. Grav. 37 (2020) 18, 185006
10.1088/1361-6382/ab9a9d
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend the discussion of the antipodal identification of black holes to the Reissner-Nordstr\"om (RN) spacetime by developing the classical tools necessary to define the corresponding quantum field theory (QFT). We solve the massless Klein-Gordon equation in the RN background in terms of scattering coefficients and provide a procedure for constructing a solution for an arbitrary analytic extension of RN. The behavior of the maximally extended solution is highly dependent upon the coefficients of scattering between the inner and outer horizons, so we present the low-frequency behavior of, and numerical solutions for, these quantities. We find that, for low enough frequency, field amplitudes of solutions with purely positive or negative frequency at each horizon will acquire only a phase after passing both the inner and outer horizons, while at higher frequencies the amplitudes will tend to grow exponentially either to the future or to the past, and decay exponentially in the other direction. Regardless, we can always construct a basis of globally antipodal symmetric and antisymmetric solutions for any finite analytic extension of RN. We have characterized this basis in terms of positive and negative frequency solutions for future use in constructing the corresponding QFT.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Feb 2020 20:20:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 22 Feb 2020 00:36:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 20 Sep 2020 19:58:33 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-09-22
[ [ "Strauss", "Nathaniel A.", "" ], [ "Whiting", "Bernard F.", "" ], [ "Franzen", "Anne T.", "" ] ]
We extend the discussion of the antipodal identification of black holes to the Reissner-Nordstr\"om (RN) spacetime by developing the classical tools necessary to define the corresponding quantum field theory (QFT). We solve the massless Klein-Gordon equation in the RN background in terms of scattering coefficients and provide a procedure for constructing a solution for an arbitrary analytic extension of RN. The behavior of the maximally extended solution is highly dependent upon the coefficients of scattering between the inner and outer horizons, so we present the low-frequency behavior of, and numerical solutions for, these quantities. We find that, for low enough frequency, field amplitudes of solutions with purely positive or negative frequency at each horizon will acquire only a phase after passing both the inner and outer horizons, while at higher frequencies the amplitudes will tend to grow exponentially either to the future or to the past, and decay exponentially in the other direction. Regardless, we can always construct a basis of globally antipodal symmetric and antisymmetric solutions for any finite analytic extension of RN. We have characterized this basis in terms of positive and negative frequency solutions for future use in constructing the corresponding QFT.
gr-qc/9702060
null
H.Balasin
Distributional energy momentum tensor of the extended Kerr geometry
12 pages, latex2e, amslatex and epsf macros
Class.Quant.Grav. 14 (1997) 3353-3362
10.1088/0264-9381/14/12/018
TUW97-03
gr-qc
null
We generalize previous work on the energy-momentum tensor-distribution of the Kerr geometry by extending the manifold structure into the negative mass region. Since the extension of the flat part of the Kerr-Schild decomposition from one sheet to the double cover develops a singularity at the branch surface we have to take its non-smoothness into account. It is however possible to find a geometry within the generalized Kerr-Schild class that is in the Colombeau-sense associated to the maximally analytic Kerr-metric.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Feb 1997 23:01:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Balasin", "H.", "" ] ]
We generalize previous work on the energy-momentum tensor-distribution of the Kerr geometry by extending the manifold structure into the negative mass region. Since the extension of the flat part of the Kerr-Schild decomposition from one sheet to the double cover develops a singularity at the branch surface we have to take its non-smoothness into account. It is however possible to find a geometry within the generalized Kerr-Schild class that is in the Colombeau-sense associated to the maximally analytic Kerr-metric.
2107.04848
Yu-Xiao Liu
Yu-Peng Zhang, Yan-Bo Zeng, Yong-Qiang Wang, Shao-Wen Wei, and Yu-Xiao Liu
Motion of test particle in rotating boson star
17 pages, 16 figures
Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 044021
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.044021
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Motion of a test particle plays an important role in understanding the properties of a spacetime. As a new type of the strong gravity system, boson stars could mimic black holes located at the center of galaxies. Studying the motion of a test particle in the spacetime of a rotating boson star will provide the astrophysical observable effects if a boson star is located at the center of a galaxy. In this paper, we investigate the timelike geodesic of a test particle in the background of a rotating boson star with angular number $m=(1, 2, 3)$. With the change of angular number and frequency, a rotating boson star will transform from the low rotating state to the highly relativistic rapidly rotating state, the corresponding Lense-Thirring effects will be more and more significant and it should be studied in detail. By solving the four-velocity of a test particle and integrating the geodesics, we investigate the bound orbits with a zero and nonzero angular momentum. We find that a test particle can stay more longer time in the central region of a boson star when the boson star becomes from low rotating state to highly relativistic rotating state. Comparing the periapse values of the orbits obtained in rotating boson stars and the corresponding orbits of the observed stars orbiting Sagittarius $A^*$, we discuss the possible observable effects of the astrophysical boson star in the Galactic center.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Jul 2021 14:34:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Apr 2022 16:13:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-26
[ [ "Zhang", "Yu-Peng", "" ], [ "Zeng", "Yan-Bo", "" ], [ "Wang", "Yong-Qiang", "" ], [ "Wei", "Shao-Wen", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yu-Xiao", "" ] ]
Motion of a test particle plays an important role in understanding the properties of a spacetime. As a new type of the strong gravity system, boson stars could mimic black holes located at the center of galaxies. Studying the motion of a test particle in the spacetime of a rotating boson star will provide the astrophysical observable effects if a boson star is located at the center of a galaxy. In this paper, we investigate the timelike geodesic of a test particle in the background of a rotating boson star with angular number $m=(1, 2, 3)$. With the change of angular number and frequency, a rotating boson star will transform from the low rotating state to the highly relativistic rapidly rotating state, the corresponding Lense-Thirring effects will be more and more significant and it should be studied in detail. By solving the four-velocity of a test particle and integrating the geodesics, we investigate the bound orbits with a zero and nonzero angular momentum. We find that a test particle can stay more longer time in the central region of a boson star when the boson star becomes from low rotating state to highly relativistic rotating state. Comparing the periapse values of the orbits obtained in rotating boson stars and the corresponding orbits of the observed stars orbiting Sagittarius $A^*$, we discuss the possible observable effects of the astrophysical boson star in the Galactic center.
1306.5784
Alcides Garat
Alcides Garat
The Monopole and the Coulomb field as duals within the unifying Reissner-Nordstrom geometry
10 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1306.0602, arXiv:1306.4005, arXiv:1306.2174
Commun.Theor.Phys. 61 (2014) 699-702
10.1088/0253-6102/61/6/07
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We are going to prove that the Monopole and the Coulomb fields are duals within the unifying structure provided by the Reissner-Nordstrom spacetime. This is accomplished when noticing that in order to produce the tetrad that locally and covariantly diagonalizes the stress-energy tensor, both the Monopole and the Coulomb fields are necessary in the construction. Without any of them it would be impossible to express the tetrad vectors that locally and covariantly diagonalize the stress-energy tensor. Then, both electromagnetic fields are an integral part of the same structure, the Reissner-Nordstrom geometry.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Jun 2013 21:07:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-16
[ [ "Garat", "Alcides", "" ] ]
We are going to prove that the Monopole and the Coulomb fields are duals within the unifying structure provided by the Reissner-Nordstrom spacetime. This is accomplished when noticing that in order to produce the tetrad that locally and covariantly diagonalizes the stress-energy tensor, both the Monopole and the Coulomb fields are necessary in the construction. Without any of them it would be impossible to express the tetrad vectors that locally and covariantly diagonalize the stress-energy tensor. Then, both electromagnetic fields are an integral part of the same structure, the Reissner-Nordstrom geometry.
gr-qc/0301073
Piotr Chrusciel
Piotr T. Chrusciel, Erwann Delay
On mapping properties of the general relativistic constraints operator in weighted function spaces, with applications
latex2e, now 87 pages, several style files; various typos corrected, treatment of weighted Hoelder spaces improved, to appear in Memoires de la Societe Mathematique de France
Mem.Soc.Math.France 94 (2003) 1-103
null
null
gr-qc
null
Generalising an analysis of Corvino and Schoen, we study surjectivity properties of the constraint map in general relativity in a large class of weighted Sobolev spaces. As a corollary we prove several perturbation, gluing, and extension results: we show existence of non-trivial, singularity-free, vacuum space-times which are stationary in a neighborhood of $i^0$; for small perturbations of parity-covariant initial data sufficiently close to those for Minkowski space-time this leads to space-times with a smooth global Scri; we prove existence of initial data for many black holes which are exactly Kerr -- or exactly Schwarzschild -- both near infinity and near each of the connected components of the apparent horizon; under appropriate conditions we obtain existence of vacuum extensions of vacuum initial data across compact boundaries; we show that for generic metrics the deformations in the Isenberg-Mazzeo-Pollack gluings can be localised, so that the initial data on the connected sum manifold coincide with the original ones except for a small neighborhood of the gluing region; we prove existence of asymptotically flat solutions which are static or stationary up to $r^{-m}$ terms, for any fixed $m$, and with multipole moments freely prescribable within certain ranges.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Jan 2003 07:44:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Jul 2003 08:26:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Chrusciel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Delay", "Erwann", "" ] ]
Generalising an analysis of Corvino and Schoen, we study surjectivity properties of the constraint map in general relativity in a large class of weighted Sobolev spaces. As a corollary we prove several perturbation, gluing, and extension results: we show existence of non-trivial, singularity-free, vacuum space-times which are stationary in a neighborhood of $i^0$; for small perturbations of parity-covariant initial data sufficiently close to those for Minkowski space-time this leads to space-times with a smooth global Scri; we prove existence of initial data for many black holes which are exactly Kerr -- or exactly Schwarzschild -- both near infinity and near each of the connected components of the apparent horizon; under appropriate conditions we obtain existence of vacuum extensions of vacuum initial data across compact boundaries; we show that for generic metrics the deformations in the Isenberg-Mazzeo-Pollack gluings can be localised, so that the initial data on the connected sum manifold coincide with the original ones except for a small neighborhood of the gluing region; we prove existence of asymptotically flat solutions which are static or stationary up to $r^{-m}$ terms, for any fixed $m$, and with multipole moments freely prescribable within certain ranges.
1301.3918
Niels Warburton
Niels Warburton, Leor Barack, Norichika Sago
Isofrequency pairing of geodesic orbits in Kerr geometry
11 pages, 8 figures. Updated to reflect published version
Phys. Rev. D 87, 084012 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.084012
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Bound geodesic orbits around a Kerr black hole can be parametrized by three constants of the motion: the (specific) orbital energy, angular momentum and Carter constant. Generically, each orbit also has associated with it three frequencies, related to the radial, longitudinal and (mean) azimuthal motions. Here we note the curious fact that these two ways of characterizing bound geodesics are not in a one-to-one correspondence. While the former uniquely specifies an orbit up to initial conditions, the latter does not: there is a (strong-field) region of the parameter space in which pairs of physically distinct orbits can have the same three frequencies. In each such isofrequency pair the two orbits exhibit the same rate of periastron precession and the same rate of Lense-Thirring precession of the orbital plane, and (in a certain sense) they remain "synchronized" in phase.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Jan 2013 21:04:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Apr 2013 18:55:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-05-29
[ [ "Warburton", "Niels", "" ], [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ], [ "Sago", "Norichika", "" ] ]
Bound geodesic orbits around a Kerr black hole can be parametrized by three constants of the motion: the (specific) orbital energy, angular momentum and Carter constant. Generically, each orbit also has associated with it three frequencies, related to the radial, longitudinal and (mean) azimuthal motions. Here we note the curious fact that these two ways of characterizing bound geodesics are not in a one-to-one correspondence. While the former uniquely specifies an orbit up to initial conditions, the latter does not: there is a (strong-field) region of the parameter space in which pairs of physically distinct orbits can have the same three frequencies. In each such isofrequency pair the two orbits exhibit the same rate of periastron precession and the same rate of Lense-Thirring precession of the orbital plane, and (in a certain sense) they remain "synchronized" in phase.
0705.3098
Jiri Podolsky
Jiri Podolsky, David Kofron
Chaotic motion in Kundt spacetimes
15 pages, 9 figures. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav.24:3413-3424,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/13/016
null
gr-qc
null
We demonstrate that geodesics in exact vacuum Kundt gravitational waves may exhibit a highly complicated behaviour. In fact, as in the previously studied case of non-homogeneous pp-waves, for specific choices of the structural function the motion appears to be genuinely chaotic. This fact is demonstrated by the fractal method.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 May 2007 07:04:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Podolsky", "Jiri", "" ], [ "Kofron", "David", "" ] ]
We demonstrate that geodesics in exact vacuum Kundt gravitational waves may exhibit a highly complicated behaviour. In fact, as in the previously studied case of non-homogeneous pp-waves, for specific choices of the structural function the motion appears to be genuinely chaotic. This fact is demonstrated by the fractal method.
gr-qc/0203092
Esposito Giampiero
Giampiero Esposito and Cosimo Stornaiolo
On the Riemann Function and Irregular Singular Points for Axisymmetric Black Hole Collisions at the Speed of Light
13 pages, plain Tex
null
null
DSF preprint 2002/7
gr-qc
null
The news function providing some relevant information about angular distribution of gravitational radiation in axisymmetric black hole collisions at the speed of light had been evaluated in the literature by perturbation methods, after inverting second-order hyperbolic operators with variable coefficients in two independent variables. More recent work has related the appropriate Green function to the Riemann function for such a class of hyperbolic operators in two variables. The present paper obtains an improvement in the evaluation of the coefficients occurring in the second-order equation obeyed by the Riemann function, which might prove useful for numerical purposes. Eventually, we find under which conditions the original Green-function calculation reduces to finding solutions of an inhomogeneous second-order ordinary differential equation with a non-regular singular point.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Mar 2002 13:05:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Esposito", "Giampiero", "" ], [ "Stornaiolo", "Cosimo", "" ] ]
The news function providing some relevant information about angular distribution of gravitational radiation in axisymmetric black hole collisions at the speed of light had been evaluated in the literature by perturbation methods, after inverting second-order hyperbolic operators with variable coefficients in two independent variables. More recent work has related the appropriate Green function to the Riemann function for such a class of hyperbolic operators in two variables. The present paper obtains an improvement in the evaluation of the coefficients occurring in the second-order equation obeyed by the Riemann function, which might prove useful for numerical purposes. Eventually, we find under which conditions the original Green-function calculation reduces to finding solutions of an inhomogeneous second-order ordinary differential equation with a non-regular singular point.
1503.05164
Alexander Grant
Alexander Grant, Eanna E. Flanagan
Non-conservation of Carter in black hole spacetimes
5 pages, 1 figure, (v2) typos corrected, some clarifications and appendix B added
null
10.1088/0264-9381/32/15/157001
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Freely falling point particles in the vicinity of Kerr black holes are subject to a conservation law, that of their Carter constant. We consider the conjecture that this conservation law is a special case of a more general conservation law, valid for arbitrary processes obeying local energy momentum conservation. Under some fairly general assumptions we prove that the conjecture is false: there is no conservation law for conserved stress-energy tensors on the Kerr background that reduces to conservation of Carter for a single point particle.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Mar 2015 18:55:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Jun 2015 19:42:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-08-06
[ [ "Grant", "Alexander", "" ], [ "Flanagan", "Eanna E.", "" ] ]
Freely falling point particles in the vicinity of Kerr black holes are subject to a conservation law, that of their Carter constant. We consider the conjecture that this conservation law is a special case of a more general conservation law, valid for arbitrary processes obeying local energy momentum conservation. Under some fairly general assumptions we prove that the conjecture is false: there is no conservation law for conserved stress-energy tensors on the Kerr background that reduces to conservation of Carter for a single point particle.
gr-qc/0702086
Francisco Navarro-Lerida
Jutta Kunz, Francisco Navarro-Lerida, and Eugen Radu
Higher dimensional rotating black holes in Einstein-Maxwell theory with negative cosmological constant
11 pages, 8 figures
Phys.Lett.B649:463-471,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.04.030
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We present arguments for the existence of charged, rotating black holes with equal-magnitude angular momenta in an odd number of dimensions $D\geq 5$. These solutions posses a regular horizon of spherical topology and approach asymptotically the Anti-de Sitter spacetime background. We analyze their global charges, their gyromagnetic ratio and their horizon properties.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Feb 2007 10:11:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ], [ "Navarro-Lerida", "Francisco", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ] ]
We present arguments for the existence of charged, rotating black holes with equal-magnitude angular momenta in an odd number of dimensions $D\geq 5$. These solutions posses a regular horizon of spherical topology and approach asymptotically the Anti-de Sitter spacetime background. We analyze their global charges, their gyromagnetic ratio and their horizon properties.
0902.0790
Harald P. Pfeiffer
Alessandra Buonanno, Yi Pan, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Mark A. Scheel, Luisa T. Buchman, Lawrence E. Kidder
Effective-one-body waveforms calibrated to numerical relativity simulations: coalescence of non-spinning, equal-mass black holes
19 pages, 19 figures. Two improvements to our analytical model: non-quasi-circular correction based on post-Newtonian theory and hybrid comb matching to attach ring-down modes. No substantial modification to any results. Figures and numbers are slightly changed, accordingly. Corrected a few typos and added a few references
Phys.Rev.D79:124028,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.79.124028
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calibrate the effective-one-body (EOB) model to an accurate numerical simulation of an equal-mass, non-spinning binary black-hole coalescence produced by the Caltech-Cornell collaboration. Aligning the EOB and numerical waveforms at low frequency over a time interval of ~1000M, and taking into account the uncertainties in the numerical simulation, we investigate the significance and degeneracy of the EOB adjustable parameters during inspiral, plunge and merger, and determine the minimum number of EOB adjustable parameters that achieves phase and amplitude agreements on the order of the numerical error. We find that phase and fractional amplitude differences between the numerical and EOB values of the dominant gravitational wave mode h_{22} can be reduced to 0.02 radians and 2%, respectively, until a time 26 M before merger, and to 0.1 radians and 10%, at a time 16M after merger (during ringdown), respectively. Using LIGO, Enhanced LIGO and Advanced LIGO noise curves, we find that the overlap between the EOB and the numerical h_{22}, maximized only over the initial phase and time of arrival, is larger than 0.999 for equal-mass binary black holes with total mass 30-150 Msun. In addition to the leading gravitational mode (2,2), we compare the dominant subleading modes (4,4) and (3,2) and find phase and amplitude differences on the order of the numerical error. We also determine the mass-ratio dependence of one of the EOB adjustable parameters by fitting to numerical {\it inspiral} waveforms for black-hole binaries with mass ratios 2:1 and 3:1. These results improve and extend recent successful attempts aimed at providing gravitational-wave data analysts the best analytical EOB model capable of interpolating accurate numerical simulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Feb 2009 20:51:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 12 May 2009 02:37:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-08-03
[ [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ], [ "Pan", "Yi", "" ], [ "Pfeiffer", "Harald P.", "" ], [ "Scheel", "Mark A.", "" ], [ "Buchman", "Luisa T.", "" ], [ "Kidder", "Lawrence E.", "" ] ]
We calibrate the effective-one-body (EOB) model to an accurate numerical simulation of an equal-mass, non-spinning binary black-hole coalescence produced by the Caltech-Cornell collaboration. Aligning the EOB and numerical waveforms at low frequency over a time interval of ~1000M, and taking into account the uncertainties in the numerical simulation, we investigate the significance and degeneracy of the EOB adjustable parameters during inspiral, plunge and merger, and determine the minimum number of EOB adjustable parameters that achieves phase and amplitude agreements on the order of the numerical error. We find that phase and fractional amplitude differences between the numerical and EOB values of the dominant gravitational wave mode h_{22} can be reduced to 0.02 radians and 2%, respectively, until a time 26 M before merger, and to 0.1 radians and 10%, at a time 16M after merger (during ringdown), respectively. Using LIGO, Enhanced LIGO and Advanced LIGO noise curves, we find that the overlap between the EOB and the numerical h_{22}, maximized only over the initial phase and time of arrival, is larger than 0.999 for equal-mass binary black holes with total mass 30-150 Msun. In addition to the leading gravitational mode (2,2), we compare the dominant subleading modes (4,4) and (3,2) and find phase and amplitude differences on the order of the numerical error. We also determine the mass-ratio dependence of one of the EOB adjustable parameters by fitting to numerical {\it inspiral} waveforms for black-hole binaries with mass ratios 2:1 and 3:1. These results improve and extend recent successful attempts aimed at providing gravitational-wave data analysts the best analytical EOB model capable of interpolating accurate numerical simulations.
0803.0390
Donato Bini
Donato Bini, Christian Cherubini, Carmen Chicone, Bahram Mashhoon
Gravitational induction
Slightly expanded version
Class.Quant.Grav.25:225014,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/22/225014
null
gr-qc astro-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the linear post-Newtonian approximation to general relativity known as gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM); in particular, we examine the similarities and differences between GEM and electrodynamics. Notwithstanding some significant differences between them, we find that a special nonstationary metric in GEM can be employed to show {\it explicitly} that it is possible to introduce gravitational induction within GEM in close analogy with Faraday's law of induction and Lenz's law in electrodynamics. Some of the physical implications of gravitational induction are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Mar 2008 09:00:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Nov 2008 09:09:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Cherubini", "Christian", "" ], [ "Chicone", "Carmen", "" ], [ "Mashhoon", "Bahram", "" ] ]
We study the linear post-Newtonian approximation to general relativity known as gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM); in particular, we examine the similarities and differences between GEM and electrodynamics. Notwithstanding some significant differences between them, we find that a special nonstationary metric in GEM can be employed to show {\it explicitly} that it is possible to introduce gravitational induction within GEM in close analogy with Faraday's law of induction and Lenz's law in electrodynamics. Some of the physical implications of gravitational induction are briefly discussed.
gr-qc/0502053
Eugen Radu
Yves Brihaye and Eugen Radu
Nutty dyons
12 pages, 4 figures, discussion extended, typos corrected
Phys.Lett. B615 (2005) 1-13
10.1016/j.physletb.2005.04.016
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We argue that the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory presents nontrivial solutions with a NUT charge. These solutions approach asymptotically the Taub-NUT spacetime and generalize the known dyon black hole configurations. The main properties of the solutions and the differences with respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. We find that a nonabelian magnetic monopole placed in the field of gravitational dyon necessarily acquires an electric field, while the magnetic charge may take arbitrary values.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Feb 2005 12:11:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Apr 2005 09:09:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Brihaye", "Yves", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ] ]
We argue that the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory presents nontrivial solutions with a NUT charge. These solutions approach asymptotically the Taub-NUT spacetime and generalize the known dyon black hole configurations. The main properties of the solutions and the differences with respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. We find that a nonabelian magnetic monopole placed in the field of gravitational dyon necessarily acquires an electric field, while the magnetic charge may take arbitrary values.
gr-qc/9311004
Hugh Luckock
R. Graham and H. Luckock
The Hartle-Hawking state for the Bianchi IX model in supergravity
9 pages, University of Sydney Mathematics Report 93-50
Phys.Rev.D49:4981-4984,1994
10.1103/PhysRevD.49.R4981
null
gr-qc
null
We solve the quantum constraints for homogeneous N=1 supergravity on 3-geometries with a Bianchi IX metric. Because these geometries admit Killing vectors with the same commutation relations as the angular momentum generators, there are two distinct definitions of homogeneity. The first of these is well-known and has been shown by D'Eath to give the wormhole state. We show that the alternative definition of homogeneity leads to the Hartle-Hawking ``no boundary" state.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Nov 1993 00:23:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Nov 1993 23:17:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-01-06
[ [ "Graham", "R.", "" ], [ "Luckock", "H.", "" ] ]
We solve the quantum constraints for homogeneous N=1 supergravity on 3-geometries with a Bianchi IX metric. Because these geometries admit Killing vectors with the same commutation relations as the angular momentum generators, there are two distinct definitions of homogeneity. The first of these is well-known and has been shown by D'Eath to give the wormhole state. We show that the alternative definition of homogeneity leads to the Hartle-Hawking ``no boundary" state.
2203.11459
Chandrachur Chakraborty
Chandrachur Chakraborty (IISc / MCNS-MAHE), Banibrata Mukhopadhyay (IISc)
Spin precession in the gravity wave analogue black hole spacetime
12 pages including 4 figures; Version published in Universe
Universe 8, 193 (2022)
10.3390/universe8030193
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE cond-mat.other physics.flu-dyn
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It was predicted that the spin precession frequency of a stationary gyroscope shows various anomalies in the strong gravity regime if its orbit shrinks, and eventually its precession frequency becomes arbitrarily high very close to the horizon of a rotating black hole. Considering the gravity waves of a flowing fluid with vortex in a shallow basin, that acts as a rotating analogue black hole, one can observe the predicted strong gravity effect on the spin precession in the laboratory. Attaching a thread with the buoyant particles and anchored it to the bottom of the fluid container with a short length of miniature chain, one can construct a simple local test gyroscope to measure the spin precession frequency in the vicinity of the gravity wave analogue black hole. The thread acts as the axis of the gyroscope. By regulating the orbital frequency of the test gyroscope, one can also be able to measure the strong gravity Lense-Thirring effect and geodetic/de-Sitter effect with this experimental set-up, as the special cases. For example, to measure the Lense-Thirring effect, the length of the miniature chain can be set to zero, so that the gyroscope becomes static. One can also measure the geodetic precession with this system by orbiting the test gyroscope in the so-called Keplerian frequency around the non-rotating analogue black hole that can be constructed by making the rotation of the fluid/vortex negligible compared to its radial velocity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Mar 2022 04:50:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-03-24
[ [ "Chakraborty", "Chandrachur", "", "IISc / MCNS-MAHE" ], [ "Mukhopadhyay", "Banibrata", "", "IISc" ] ]
It was predicted that the spin precession frequency of a stationary gyroscope shows various anomalies in the strong gravity regime if its orbit shrinks, and eventually its precession frequency becomes arbitrarily high very close to the horizon of a rotating black hole. Considering the gravity waves of a flowing fluid with vortex in a shallow basin, that acts as a rotating analogue black hole, one can observe the predicted strong gravity effect on the spin precession in the laboratory. Attaching a thread with the buoyant particles and anchored it to the bottom of the fluid container with a short length of miniature chain, one can construct a simple local test gyroscope to measure the spin precession frequency in the vicinity of the gravity wave analogue black hole. The thread acts as the axis of the gyroscope. By regulating the orbital frequency of the test gyroscope, one can also be able to measure the strong gravity Lense-Thirring effect and geodetic/de-Sitter effect with this experimental set-up, as the special cases. For example, to measure the Lense-Thirring effect, the length of the miniature chain can be set to zero, so that the gyroscope becomes static. One can also measure the geodetic precession with this system by orbiting the test gyroscope in the so-called Keplerian frequency around the non-rotating analogue black hole that can be constructed by making the rotation of the fluid/vortex negligible compared to its radial velocity.
gr-qc/0205047
Patrizia Vitale
F. Canfora, G. Vilasi and P. Vitale
Nonlinear gravitational waves and their polarization
9 pages. LateX. Minor corrections
Phys.Lett. B545 (2002) 373-378
10.1016/S0370-2693(02)02622-9
null
gr-qc
null
Vacuum gravitational fields invariant for a non Abelian Lie algebra generated by two Killing fields whose commutator is light-like are analyzed. It is shown that they represent nonlinear gravitational waves obeying to two nonlinear superposition laws. The energy and the polarization of this family of waves are explicitely evaluated.
[ { "created": "Sun, 12 May 2002 14:33:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 27 May 2002 10:44:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Canfora", "F.", "" ], [ "Vilasi", "G.", "" ], [ "Vitale", "P.", "" ] ]
Vacuum gravitational fields invariant for a non Abelian Lie algebra generated by two Killing fields whose commutator is light-like are analyzed. It is shown that they represent nonlinear gravitational waves obeying to two nonlinear superposition laws. The energy and the polarization of this family of waves are explicitely evaluated.
gr-qc/0411128
Joachim Moortgat
Joachim Moortgat, Jan Kuijpers
Gravitational wave interactions with magnetized plasmas
4 pages. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on the Electromagnetic Spectrum of Neutron Stars, Marmaris, Turkey, June 2004
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Gravitational waves (GWs) propagating through a uniformly magnetized plasma interact directly with the magnetic field and excite magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves with both electromagnetic and matter components. We study this process for arbitrary geometry in the MHD approximation and find that all three fundamental MHD modes -- slow and fast magnetosonic, and Alfven -- are excited depending on both the polarization of the GW and the orientation of the ambient magnetic field. The latter two modes can interact coherently with the GW resulting in damping of the GW and linear growth of the plasma waves.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Nov 2004 22:39:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Moortgat", "Joachim", "" ], [ "Kuijpers", "Jan", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves (GWs) propagating through a uniformly magnetized plasma interact directly with the magnetic field and excite magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves with both electromagnetic and matter components. We study this process for arbitrary geometry in the MHD approximation and find that all three fundamental MHD modes -- slow and fast magnetosonic, and Alfven -- are excited depending on both the polarization of the GW and the orientation of the ambient magnetic field. The latter two modes can interact coherently with the GW resulting in damping of the GW and linear growth of the plasma waves.
1211.2110
Anthony Walters
Anthony Walters and Charles Hellaby
Constructing Realistic Szekeres Models from Initial and Final Data
40 pages; 18 figures; To be published in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2012/12/001
uct-cosmology-2012-11-09-14:10
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Szekeres family of inhomogeneous solutions, which are defined by six arbitrary metric functions, offers a wide range of possibilities for modelling cosmic structure. Here we present a model construction procedure for the quasispherical case using given data at initial and final times. Of the six arbitrary metric functions, the three which are common to both Szekeres and Lema\^itre-Tolman models are determined by the model construction procedure of Krasinski & Hellaby. For the remaining three functions, which are unique to Szekeres models, we derive exact analytic expressions in terms of more physically intuitive quantities - density profiles and dipole orientation angles. Using MATLAB, we implement the model construction procedure and simulate the time evolution.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Nov 2012 12:13:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-12
[ [ "Walters", "Anthony", "" ], [ "Hellaby", "Charles", "" ] ]
The Szekeres family of inhomogeneous solutions, which are defined by six arbitrary metric functions, offers a wide range of possibilities for modelling cosmic structure. Here we present a model construction procedure for the quasispherical case using given data at initial and final times. Of the six arbitrary metric functions, the three which are common to both Szekeres and Lema\^itre-Tolman models are determined by the model construction procedure of Krasinski & Hellaby. For the remaining three functions, which are unique to Szekeres models, we derive exact analytic expressions in terms of more physically intuitive quantities - density profiles and dipole orientation angles. Using MATLAB, we implement the model construction procedure and simulate the time evolution.
gr-qc/9807068
Jonathan Wilson
J. A. Vickers, J. P. Wilson
A nonlinear theory of tensor distributions
16 pages, AMS-TeX
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The coordinate invariant theory of generalised functions of Colombeau and Meril is reviewed and extended to enable the construction of multi-index generalised tensor functions whose transformation laws coincide with their counterparts in classical distribution theory.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Jul 1998 09:42:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Vickers", "J. A.", "" ], [ "Wilson", "J. P.", "" ] ]
The coordinate invariant theory of generalised functions of Colombeau and Meril is reviewed and extended to enable the construction of multi-index generalised tensor functions whose transformation laws coincide with their counterparts in classical distribution theory.
gr-qc/9406001
Haret Rosu
Haret Rosu and Marco Reyes
Shannon-Wehrl entropy for cosmological and black hole squeezing
4 pages, 2 Figures available from the author(s), LaTex, IFUG-11/94 r, contribution to Harmonic Oscillators 2, Cocoyoc, March 23-25/1994, To be published in NASA Conference Series (1994/1995)
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D4 (1995) 327-332
10.1142/S0218271895000247
null
gr-qc
null
We discuss the Shannon-Wehrl entropy within the squeezing vocabulary for the cosmological and black hole particle production.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jun 1994 23:14:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Rosu", "Haret", "" ], [ "Reyes", "Marco", "" ] ]
We discuss the Shannon-Wehrl entropy within the squeezing vocabulary for the cosmological and black hole particle production.
2402.07649
Samad Khakshournia
S. Khakshournia and R. Mansouri
Revisiting effective Einstein equations on a 3-brane in the presence of torsion
12 pages
Gravitation and Cosmology, 2023, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 220-226
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The effective Einstein equations on a 3-brane embedded in a 5-dimensional Riemann-Cartan bulk spacetime are revisited. Addressing the shortcomings in the hitherto published junction conditions on the brane in the presence of torsion, we have elaborated on our general form of the junction conditions recently published. Applying our general junction conditions, we have formulated the effective Einstein equations on a Z2 symmetric brane in a standard form highlighting the difference to those published so far.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Feb 2024 13:46:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-13
[ [ "Khakshournia", "S.", "" ], [ "Mansouri", "R.", "" ] ]
The effective Einstein equations on a 3-brane embedded in a 5-dimensional Riemann-Cartan bulk spacetime are revisited. Addressing the shortcomings in the hitherto published junction conditions on the brane in the presence of torsion, we have elaborated on our general form of the junction conditions recently published. Applying our general junction conditions, we have formulated the effective Einstein equations on a Z2 symmetric brane in a standard form highlighting the difference to those published so far.
gr-qc/0601051
Valerii Dryuma sem
Valerii Dryuma
Four-dimensional Einstein spaces on Six-dimensional Ricci-flat base space
9 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc nlin.SI
null
The examples of ten-dimensional vacuum Einstein spaces composed of four-dimensional Einstein spaces and six-dimensional Ricci-flat base space defined by the solutions of the Korteveg de-Vries equation are constructed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Jan 2006 17:38:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Dryuma", "Valerii", "" ] ]
The examples of ten-dimensional vacuum Einstein spaces composed of four-dimensional Einstein spaces and six-dimensional Ricci-flat base space defined by the solutions of the Korteveg de-Vries equation are constructed.
2112.07600
Celia Escamilla-Rivera
Carlos Ar\'aoz Alvarado and Celia Escamilla-Rivera
Modified Yang-Lee theory for nonlocal gravitational potential and their phase transition
Version accepted in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics (2022) 2250053
10.1142/S0219887822500530
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we describe the extension to study the thermodynamics of the structure formation in the large scale Universe in the nonlocal gravity formalism using standard statistical mechanics. From the derivation of the grand partition function in a modified version of the Yang-Lee theory, we obtained the corresponding thermodynamics properties that can be in consistency with a Bose-Einstein dark matter framework and derive its gravitational phase transition.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Dec 2021 17:51:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-14
[ [ "Alvarado", "Carlos Aráoz", "" ], [ "Escamilla-Rivera", "Celia", "" ] ]
In this paper, we describe the extension to study the thermodynamics of the structure formation in the large scale Universe in the nonlocal gravity formalism using standard statistical mechanics. From the derivation of the grand partition function in a modified version of the Yang-Lee theory, we obtained the corresponding thermodynamics properties that can be in consistency with a Bose-Einstein dark matter framework and derive its gravitational phase transition.
1904.08124
Tekin Dereli
Tekin Dereli, Cem Yeti\c{s}mi\c{s}o\u{g}lu
Weyl Covariant Theories of Gravity in Riemann-Cartan-Weyl Space-times I. Topologically Massive Gravity
null
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss locally Weyl (scale) covariant generalisations of gravitational theories using Riemann-Cartan-Weyl space-times in arbitrary dimensions. We demonstrate the procedure of Weyl gauging on two examples in particular: General relativity, and topologically massive gravity in three dimensions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Apr 2019 08:20:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-04-18
[ [ "Dereli", "Tekin", "" ], [ "Yetişmişoğlu", "Cem", "" ] ]
We discuss locally Weyl (scale) covariant generalisations of gravitational theories using Riemann-Cartan-Weyl space-times in arbitrary dimensions. We demonstrate the procedure of Weyl gauging on two examples in particular: General relativity, and topologically massive gravity in three dimensions.
1908.08247
Katarina Martinovic
Katarina Martinovic, Mairi Sakellariadou
Constraints on Quasi-dilaton Massive Gravity
8 pages
Phys. Rev. D 100, 124016 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.124016
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The last decade has seen great advancements in the field of modified gravity, motivated by the dark energy problem, or by the search for a fundamental quantum gravity theory. With a phenomenologically-driven approach, we consider dRGT theory and its extension, quasi-dilaton massive gravity (QDMG). When looking for ways to constrain the theory, a promising direction appeared to be astrophysical tests. The scalar gravitational degree of freedom and quasi-dilaton degree of freedom alter the evolution of Bardeen potentials, which in turn affects the galaxy rotation curves. We find an upper bound on graviton mass in QDMG to be $m \leq 10^{-31} {\rm eV}$. This result agrees with bounds from LIGO and numerous Solar System tests. However, the extremely small mass of the graviton remains a detection out of reach, with LISA's sensitivity exploring the parameter space up to $m \leq 10^{-25} {\rm eV}$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Aug 2019 08:15:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 16 Jan 2020 16:14:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-01-17
[ [ "Martinovic", "Katarina", "" ], [ "Sakellariadou", "Mairi", "" ] ]
The last decade has seen great advancements in the field of modified gravity, motivated by the dark energy problem, or by the search for a fundamental quantum gravity theory. With a phenomenologically-driven approach, we consider dRGT theory and its extension, quasi-dilaton massive gravity (QDMG). When looking for ways to constrain the theory, a promising direction appeared to be astrophysical tests. The scalar gravitational degree of freedom and quasi-dilaton degree of freedom alter the evolution of Bardeen potentials, which in turn affects the galaxy rotation curves. We find an upper bound on graviton mass in QDMG to be $m \leq 10^{-31} {\rm eV}$. This result agrees with bounds from LIGO and numerous Solar System tests. However, the extremely small mass of the graviton remains a detection out of reach, with LISA's sensitivity exploring the parameter space up to $m \leq 10^{-25} {\rm eV}$.
1611.00667
Andronikos Paliathanasis
G. Papagiannopoulos, John D. Barrow, S. Basilakos, A. Giacomini and A. Paliathanasis
Dynamical symmetries in Brans-Dicke cosmology
15 pages; 2 figures; accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 95, 024021 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.024021
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the context of generalised Brans-Dicke cosmology we use the Killing tensors of the minisuperspace in order to determine the unspecified potential of a scalar-tensor gravity theory. Specifically, based on the existence of contact symmetries of the field equations, we find four types of potentials which provide exactly integrable dynamical systems. We investigate the dynamical properties of these potentials by using a critical point analysis and we find solutions which lead to cosmic acceleration and under specific conditions we can have de-Sitter points as stable late-time attractors.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Nov 2016 16:21:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Dec 2016 18:20:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-01-24
[ [ "Papagiannopoulos", "G.", "" ], [ "Barrow", "John D.", "" ], [ "Basilakos", "S.", "" ], [ "Giacomini", "A.", "" ], [ "Paliathanasis", "A.", "" ] ]
In the context of generalised Brans-Dicke cosmology we use the Killing tensors of the minisuperspace in order to determine the unspecified potential of a scalar-tensor gravity theory. Specifically, based on the existence of contact symmetries of the field equations, we find four types of potentials which provide exactly integrable dynamical systems. We investigate the dynamical properties of these potentials by using a critical point analysis and we find solutions which lead to cosmic acceleration and under specific conditions we can have de-Sitter points as stable late-time attractors.
1603.02233
Hor\'acio Santana Vieira
H. S. Vieira, V. B. Bezerra
Confluent Heun functions and the physics of black holes: resonant frequencies, Hawking radiation and scattering of scalar waves
18 pages. This paper was unified and published with arXiv:1603.02240
Annals of Physics 373 (2016) 28-42
10.1016/j.aop.2016.06.016
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We apply the confluent Heun functions to study the resonant frequencies (quasispectrum), the Hawking radiation and the scattering process of scalar waves, in a class of spacetimes, namely, the ones generated by a Kerr-Newman-Kasuya spacetime (dyon black hole) and a Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole surrounded by a magnetic field (Ernst spacetime). In both spacetimes, the solutions for the angular and radial parts of the corresponding Klein-Gordon equations are obtained exactly, for massive and massless fields, respectively. The special cases of Kerr and Schwarzschild black holes are analyzed and the solutions obtained, as well as in the case of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a magnetic field. In all these special situations, the resonant frequencies, Hawking radiation and scattering are studied.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Mar 2016 20:03:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Jul 2016 01:31:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-07-28
[ [ "Vieira", "H. S.", "" ], [ "Bezerra", "V. B.", "" ] ]
We apply the confluent Heun functions to study the resonant frequencies (quasispectrum), the Hawking radiation and the scattering process of scalar waves, in a class of spacetimes, namely, the ones generated by a Kerr-Newman-Kasuya spacetime (dyon black hole) and a Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole surrounded by a magnetic field (Ernst spacetime). In both spacetimes, the solutions for the angular and radial parts of the corresponding Klein-Gordon equations are obtained exactly, for massive and massless fields, respectively. The special cases of Kerr and Schwarzschild black holes are analyzed and the solutions obtained, as well as in the case of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a magnetic field. In all these special situations, the resonant frequencies, Hawking radiation and scattering are studied.
0706.3757
Yun Soo Myung
Yun Soo Myung
Instability of holographic dark energy models
11 pages, 4 eps figures, to appear in PLB
Phys.Lett.B652:223-227,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.07.033
INJE-TP-07-05
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We investigate the difference between holographic dark energy, Chaplygin gas, and tachyon model with constant potential. For this purpose, we examine their squared speeds of sound which are evaluated to zeroth order in perturbation theory and hence depends only on time. We find that the squared speed for holographic dark energy is always negative when choosing the future event horizon as the IR cutoff, while those for Chaplygin gas and tachyon are non-negative. This means that the perfect fluid for holographic dark energy is classically unstable. Hence the holographic interpretation for Chaplygin gas and tachyon is problematic.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Jun 2007 05:09:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 20 Jul 2007 04:49:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ] ]
We investigate the difference between holographic dark energy, Chaplygin gas, and tachyon model with constant potential. For this purpose, we examine their squared speeds of sound which are evaluated to zeroth order in perturbation theory and hence depends only on time. We find that the squared speed for holographic dark energy is always negative when choosing the future event horizon as the IR cutoff, while those for Chaplygin gas and tachyon are non-negative. This means that the perfect fluid for holographic dark energy is classically unstable. Hence the holographic interpretation for Chaplygin gas and tachyon is problematic.
1811.01093
Tyson Littenberg
Tyson B. Littenberg and Nicolas Yunes
Binary White Dwarfs as Laboratories for Extreme Gravity with LISA
18 pages, 10 figures, submitted to CQG
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ab0a3d
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The observation of low-frequency gravitational waves with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna will allow the study of new sources of gravitational radiation that are not accessible by ground-based instruments. Gravitational wave sources provide invaluable information both about their astrophysics, as well as the nature of the gravitational interaction in their neighborhoods. One low frequency source that has not received much attention regarding the latter are galactic binaries composed of two white dwarves or a white dwarf and a neutron star. We here show that, contrary to the common lore, such gravitational wave sources can indeed be used to constrain an important feature of the gravitational interaction: the absence of pre-Newtonian, dipolar dissipation. We propose a model-independent framework to carry out a null test for the presence of this feature in the data that is very much analogous to tests of General Relativity with radio-observations of binary pulsars. We then go one step further and specialize this test to scalar-tensor theories to derive projected constraints on spontaneous scalarization. We find that these constraints can be comparable to current bounds with binary pulsars, and in some optimistic cases, they can be even stronger.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Nov 2018 21:17:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-22
[ [ "Littenberg", "Tyson B.", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ] ]
The observation of low-frequency gravitational waves with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna will allow the study of new sources of gravitational radiation that are not accessible by ground-based instruments. Gravitational wave sources provide invaluable information both about their astrophysics, as well as the nature of the gravitational interaction in their neighborhoods. One low frequency source that has not received much attention regarding the latter are galactic binaries composed of two white dwarves or a white dwarf and a neutron star. We here show that, contrary to the common lore, such gravitational wave sources can indeed be used to constrain an important feature of the gravitational interaction: the absence of pre-Newtonian, dipolar dissipation. We propose a model-independent framework to carry out a null test for the presence of this feature in the data that is very much analogous to tests of General Relativity with radio-observations of binary pulsars. We then go one step further and specialize this test to scalar-tensor theories to derive projected constraints on spontaneous scalarization. We find that these constraints can be comparable to current bounds with binary pulsars, and in some optimistic cases, they can be even stronger.
gr-qc/0701110
Keisuke Taniguchi
Keisuke Taniguchi, Thomas W. Baumgarte, Joshua A. Faber, and Stuart L. Shapiro
Quasiequilibrium black hole-neutron star binaries in general relativity
17 pages, 15 figures, published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D75:084005,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.084005
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We construct quasiequilibrium sequences of black hole-neutron star binaries in general relativity. We solve Einstein's constraint equations in the conformal thin-sandwich formalism, subject to black hole boundary conditions imposed on the surface of an excised sphere, together with the relativistic equations of hydrostatic equilibrium. In contrast to our previous calculations we adopt a flat spatial background geometry and do not assume extreme mass ratios. We adopt a Gamma=2 polytropic equation of state and focus on irrotational neutron star configurations as well as approximately nonspinning black holes. We present numerical results for ratios of the black hole's irreducible mass to the neutron star's ADM mass in isolation of M_{irr}^{BH}/M_{ADM,0}^{NS} = 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10. We consider neutron stars of baryon rest mass M_B^{NS}/M_B^{max} = 83% and 56%, where M_B^{max} is the maximum allowed rest mass of a spherical star in isolation for our equation of state. For these sequences, we locate the onset of tidal disruption and, in cases with sufficiently large mass ratios and neutron star compactions, the innermost stable circular orbit. We compare with previous results for black hole-neutron star binaries and find excellent agreement with third-order post-Newtonian results, especially for large binary separations. We also use our results to estimate the energy spectrum of the outgoing gravitational radiation emitted during the inspiral phase for these binaries.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2007 21:00:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Oct 2007 19:58:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Taniguchi", "Keisuke", "" ], [ "Baumgarte", "Thomas W.", "" ], [ "Faber", "Joshua A.", "" ], [ "Shapiro", "Stuart L.", "" ] ]
We construct quasiequilibrium sequences of black hole-neutron star binaries in general relativity. We solve Einstein's constraint equations in the conformal thin-sandwich formalism, subject to black hole boundary conditions imposed on the surface of an excised sphere, together with the relativistic equations of hydrostatic equilibrium. In contrast to our previous calculations we adopt a flat spatial background geometry and do not assume extreme mass ratios. We adopt a Gamma=2 polytropic equation of state and focus on irrotational neutron star configurations as well as approximately nonspinning black holes. We present numerical results for ratios of the black hole's irreducible mass to the neutron star's ADM mass in isolation of M_{irr}^{BH}/M_{ADM,0}^{NS} = 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10. We consider neutron stars of baryon rest mass M_B^{NS}/M_B^{max} = 83% and 56%, where M_B^{max} is the maximum allowed rest mass of a spherical star in isolation for our equation of state. For these sequences, we locate the onset of tidal disruption and, in cases with sufficiently large mass ratios and neutron star compactions, the innermost stable circular orbit. We compare with previous results for black hole-neutron star binaries and find excellent agreement with third-order post-Newtonian results, especially for large binary separations. We also use our results to estimate the energy spectrum of the outgoing gravitational radiation emitted during the inspiral phase for these binaries.
1407.0032
Marina Cort\^es
Marina Cort\^es and Lee Smolin
Spin foam models as energetic causal sets
16 pages, 4 figures. v2 typo corrected, references added
Phys. Rev. D 93, 084039 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.084039
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Energetic causal sets are causal sets endowed by a flow of energy-momentum between causally related events. These incorporate a novel mechanism for the emergence of space-time from causal relations. Here we construct a spin foam model which is also an energetic causal set model. This model is closely related to the model introduced in parallel by Wolfgang Wieland in arXiv:1407.0025, and this construction makes use of results used there. What makes a spin foam model also an energetic causal set is Wieland's identification of new momenta, conserved at events (or four-simplices), whose norms are not mass, but the volume of tetrahedra. This realizes the torsion constraints, which are missing in previous spin foam models, and are needed to relate the connection dynamics to those of the metric, as in general relativity. This identification makes it possible to apply the new mechanism for the emergence of space-time to a spin foam model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Jun 2014 20:01:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 28 Jul 2014 20:03:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-04-27
[ [ "Cortês", "Marina", "" ], [ "Smolin", "Lee", "" ] ]
Energetic causal sets are causal sets endowed by a flow of energy-momentum between causally related events. These incorporate a novel mechanism for the emergence of space-time from causal relations. Here we construct a spin foam model which is also an energetic causal set model. This model is closely related to the model introduced in parallel by Wolfgang Wieland in arXiv:1407.0025, and this construction makes use of results used there. What makes a spin foam model also an energetic causal set is Wieland's identification of new momenta, conserved at events (or four-simplices), whose norms are not mass, but the volume of tetrahedra. This realizes the torsion constraints, which are missing in previous spin foam models, and are needed to relate the connection dynamics to those of the metric, as in general relativity. This identification makes it possible to apply the new mechanism for the emergence of space-time to a spin foam model.
gr-qc/9302017
Don N. Page
Valery P. Frolov and Don N. Page
Proof of the Generalized Second Law for Quasistationary Semiclassical Black Holes
12 pages, LaTeX, report Alberta-Thy-10-93 (revision of paper in response to Phys. Rev. Lett. referees' comments, which suffered a series of long delays)
Phys.Rev.Lett.71:3902-3905,1993
10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.3902
null
gr-qc
null
A simple direct explicit proof of the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics is given for a quasistationary semiclassical black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Feb 1993 22:25:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Feb 1993 17:58:54 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Feb 1993 19:03:57 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Aug 1993 23:17:35 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2010-11-01
[ [ "Frolov", "Valery P.", "" ], [ "Page", "Don N.", "" ] ]
A simple direct explicit proof of the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics is given for a quasistationary semiclassical black hole.
1811.05435
Nicol\'as Lorenzo Gonz\'alez Albornoz
N.L. Gonz\'alez Albornoz, Dieter Lust, S. Salgado, Angnis Schmidt-May
4D spin-2 fields from 5D Chern-Simons theory
31 pages, no figures, added references
J. High Energ. Phys. (2018) 2018: 26
10.1007/JHEP12(2018)026
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a 5-dimensional Chern-Simons gauge theory for the isometry group of Anti-de-Sitter spacetime, $\operatorname{AdS}_{4+1}\simeq\operatorname{SO}(4,2)$, and invoke different dimensional reduction schemes in order to relate it to 4-dimensional spin-2 theories. The AdS gauge algebra is isomorphic to a parametrized 4-dimensional conformal algebra, and the gauge fields corresponding to the generators of non-Abelian translations and special conformal transformations reduce to two vierbein fields in $D=4$. Besides these two vierbeine, our reduction schemes leave only the Lorentz spin connection as an additional dynamical field in the 4-dimensional theories. We identify the corresponding actions as particular generalizations of Einstein-Cartan theory, conformal gravity and ghost-free bimetric gravity in first-order form.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Nov 2018 17:54:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 16 Dec 2018 13:32:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-12-18
[ [ "Albornoz", "N. L. González", "" ], [ "Lust", "Dieter", "" ], [ "Salgado", "S.", "" ], [ "Schmidt-May", "Angnis", "" ] ]
We consider a 5-dimensional Chern-Simons gauge theory for the isometry group of Anti-de-Sitter spacetime, $\operatorname{AdS}_{4+1}\simeq\operatorname{SO}(4,2)$, and invoke different dimensional reduction schemes in order to relate it to 4-dimensional spin-2 theories. The AdS gauge algebra is isomorphic to a parametrized 4-dimensional conformal algebra, and the gauge fields corresponding to the generators of non-Abelian translations and special conformal transformations reduce to two vierbein fields in $D=4$. Besides these two vierbeine, our reduction schemes leave only the Lorentz spin connection as an additional dynamical field in the 4-dimensional theories. We identify the corresponding actions as particular generalizations of Einstein-Cartan theory, conformal gravity and ghost-free bimetric gravity in first-order form.
1601.04343
Yorgo Senikoglu
Metin Arik and Yorgo Senikoglu
Cosmological isotropic matter-energy generalizations of Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics
12 pages, accepted version for publication in Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 25, No 10 (2016) 1650088
10.1142/S0218271816500887
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a time dependent isotropic fluid solution around a Schwarzschild black hole. We offer the solutions and discuss the effects on the field equations and the horizon. We derive the energy density, pressure and the equation of state parameter. In the second part, we generalize the rotating black hole solution to an expanding universe. We derive from the proposed metric the special solutions of the field equations for the dust approximation and the dark energy solution. We show that the presence of a rotating black hole does not modify the scale factor $b(t)=t^{2/3}$ law for dust, nor $b(t)=e^{\lambda\hspace{1mm}t}$ and $p=-\rho$ for dark energy.
[ { "created": "Sun, 17 Jan 2016 20:45:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Apr 2016 14:42:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-07-26
[ [ "Arik", "Metin", "" ], [ "Senikoglu", "Yorgo", "" ] ]
We present a time dependent isotropic fluid solution around a Schwarzschild black hole. We offer the solutions and discuss the effects on the field equations and the horizon. We derive the energy density, pressure and the equation of state parameter. In the second part, we generalize the rotating black hole solution to an expanding universe. We derive from the proposed metric the special solutions of the field equations for the dust approximation and the dark energy solution. We show that the presence of a rotating black hole does not modify the scale factor $b(t)=t^{2/3}$ law for dust, nor $b(t)=e^{\lambda\hspace{1mm}t}$ and $p=-\rho$ for dark energy.
2103.04676
Zhan-Feng Mai
Jia-Hui Huang, Mu-Zi Zhang, Tian-Tian Cao, Yi-Feng Zou and Zhan-Feng Mai
Superradiantly stability analysis on dyonic stringly black hole
9 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1809.07345
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The black hole superradiance phenomena state that when a scalar wave perturbation is properly scattering off a charged or rotating black hole, the energy of the reflected scalar wave may be amplified. If this amplification process can occur back and forth through certain confining mechanisms, it will lead to strong instability of the black hole, which is so-called "black hole bomb". In this paper, the superradiant stability is investigated for dyonic black holes in string theory. Although the electric charged black hole in string theory has been proved superrdiantly stable, it is found that the dyonic black hole is more unstable than an RN black hole due to the magnetic charge. Furthermore, by our analysis of the effective potential outside the event horizon, we give the region of the parameter associated with the superradiance stability on dyonic stringly black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Mar 2021 11:34:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-03-09
[ [ "Huang", "Jia-Hui", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Mu-Zi", "" ], [ "Cao", "Tian-Tian", "" ], [ "Zou", "Yi-Feng", "" ], [ "Mai", "Zhan-Feng", "" ] ]
The black hole superradiance phenomena state that when a scalar wave perturbation is properly scattering off a charged or rotating black hole, the energy of the reflected scalar wave may be amplified. If this amplification process can occur back and forth through certain confining mechanisms, it will lead to strong instability of the black hole, which is so-called "black hole bomb". In this paper, the superradiant stability is investigated for dyonic black holes in string theory. Although the electric charged black hole in string theory has been proved superrdiantly stable, it is found that the dyonic black hole is more unstable than an RN black hole due to the magnetic charge. Furthermore, by our analysis of the effective potential outside the event horizon, we give the region of the parameter associated with the superradiance stability on dyonic stringly black hole.
1405.0265
Panagiota Kanti
Athanasios Bakopoulos and Panagiota Kanti
From GEM to Electromagnetism
18 pages, Latex2e file, typos corrected, comments and references added, accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
null
10.1007/s10714-014-1742-y
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the first part of the present work, we focus on the theory of gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM), and we derive the full set of equations and constraints that the GEM scalar and vector potentials ought to satisfy. We discuss important aspects of the theory, such as the presence of additional constraints resulting from the field equations and gauge condition, the requirement of the time-independence of the vector potential and the emergence of additional terms in the expression of the Lorentz force. We also propose an alternative ansatz for the metric perturbations that is found to be compatible only with a vacuum configuration but evades several of the aforementioned obstacles. In the second part of this work, we pose the question of whether a tensorial theory using the formalism of General Relativity could re-produce the theory of Electromagnetism. We demonstrate that the full set of Maxwell's equations can be exactly re-produced for a large class of models, but the framework has several weak points common with those found in GEM.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 May 2014 19:35:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 18 May 2014 16:21:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-19
[ [ "Bakopoulos", "Athanasios", "" ], [ "Kanti", "Panagiota", "" ] ]
In the first part of the present work, we focus on the theory of gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM), and we derive the full set of equations and constraints that the GEM scalar and vector potentials ought to satisfy. We discuss important aspects of the theory, such as the presence of additional constraints resulting from the field equations and gauge condition, the requirement of the time-independence of the vector potential and the emergence of additional terms in the expression of the Lorentz force. We also propose an alternative ansatz for the metric perturbations that is found to be compatible only with a vacuum configuration but evades several of the aforementioned obstacles. In the second part of this work, we pose the question of whether a tensorial theory using the formalism of General Relativity could re-produce the theory of Electromagnetism. We demonstrate that the full set of Maxwell's equations can be exactly re-produced for a large class of models, but the framework has several weak points common with those found in GEM.
gr-qc/0406050
Vladimir Khatsymovsky
V.M. Khatsymovsky
Modification of quantum measure in area tensor Regge calculus and positivity
10 pages, plain LaTeX
Phys.Lett. B601 (2004) 229-235
10.1016/j.physletb.2004.09.039
null
gr-qc
null
A comparative analysis of the versions of quantum measure in the area tensor Regge calculus is performed on the simplest configurations of the system. The quantum measure is constructed in such the way that it reduces to the Feynman path integral describing canonical quantisation if the continuous limit along any of the coordinates is taken. As we have found earlier, it is possible to implement also the correspondence principle (proportionality of the Lorentzian (Euclidean) measure to $e^{iS}$ ($e^{-S}$), $S$ being the action). For that a certain kind of the connection representation of the Regge action should be used, namely, as a sum of independent contributions of selfdual and antiselfdual sectors (that is, effectively 3-dimensional ones). There are two such representations, the (anti)selfdual connections being SU(2) or SO(3) rotation matrices according to the two ways of decomposing full SO(4) group, as SU(2) $\times$ SU(2) or SO(3) $\times$ SO(3). The measure from SU(2) rotations although positive on physical surface violates positivity outside this surface in the general configuration space of arbitrary independent area tensors. The measure based on SO(3) rotations is expected to be positive in this general configuration space on condition that the scale of area tensors considered as parameters is bounded from above by the value of the order of Plank unit.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Jun 2004 15:39:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Khatsymovsky", "V. M.", "" ] ]
A comparative analysis of the versions of quantum measure in the area tensor Regge calculus is performed on the simplest configurations of the system. The quantum measure is constructed in such the way that it reduces to the Feynman path integral describing canonical quantisation if the continuous limit along any of the coordinates is taken. As we have found earlier, it is possible to implement also the correspondence principle (proportionality of the Lorentzian (Euclidean) measure to $e^{iS}$ ($e^{-S}$), $S$ being the action). For that a certain kind of the connection representation of the Regge action should be used, namely, as a sum of independent contributions of selfdual and antiselfdual sectors (that is, effectively 3-dimensional ones). There are two such representations, the (anti)selfdual connections being SU(2) or SO(3) rotation matrices according to the two ways of decomposing full SO(4) group, as SU(2) $\times$ SU(2) or SO(3) $\times$ SO(3). The measure from SU(2) rotations although positive on physical surface violates positivity outside this surface in the general configuration space of arbitrary independent area tensors. The measure based on SO(3) rotations is expected to be positive in this general configuration space on condition that the scale of area tensors considered as parameters is bounded from above by the value of the order of Plank unit.
0803.4309
Takashi Tamaki
Takashi Tamaki
Post-Newtonian parameters in the tensor-vector-scalar theory
8 pages, no figures, to be published in PRD
Phys.Rev.D77:124020,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.124020
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate post-Newtonian parameters in the tensor-vector-scalar (TeVeS) theory in a general setting while previous researches have been restricted to spherically symmetric cases. Based on the assumption that both the physical and Einstein metrics have Minkowski metric at the zeroth order, we show $\gamma =1$ as in the previous researches. We find two remarkable things for other parameters. The first is the value $\beta =1$ while it has been reported that $\beta\neq 1$ for the case when the vector field is not purely timelike. This discrepancy occurs from the above assumption which is natural as a starting point. The second is the result that the Newtonian potential must be static to be consistent with the vector equation. As a result, we cannot determine $\alpha_{1}$ and $\alpha_{2}$. We consider that it is related to the instability against linear perturbation and occurrence of caustic singularities for various initial perturbations which have been reported recently.
[ { "created": "Sun, 30 Mar 2008 09:16:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 18 May 2008 02:48:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Tamaki", "Takashi", "" ] ]
We investigate post-Newtonian parameters in the tensor-vector-scalar (TeVeS) theory in a general setting while previous researches have been restricted to spherically symmetric cases. Based on the assumption that both the physical and Einstein metrics have Minkowski metric at the zeroth order, we show $\gamma =1$ as in the previous researches. We find two remarkable things for other parameters. The first is the value $\beta =1$ while it has been reported that $\beta\neq 1$ for the case when the vector field is not purely timelike. This discrepancy occurs from the above assumption which is natural as a starting point. The second is the result that the Newtonian potential must be static to be consistent with the vector equation. As a result, we cannot determine $\alpha_{1}$ and $\alpha_{2}$. We consider that it is related to the instability against linear perturbation and occurrence of caustic singularities for various initial perturbations which have been reported recently.
gr-qc/0604016
Aristide Baratin
Aristide Baratin, Laurent Freidel
Hidden Quantum Gravity in 3d Feynman diagrams
35 pages, 4 figures, some comments added
Class.Quant.Grav.24:1993-2026,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/8/006
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In this work we show that 3d Feynman amplitudes of standard QFT in flat and homogeneous space can be naturally expressed as expectation values of a specific topological spin foam model. The main interest of the paper is to set up a framework which gives a background independent perspective on usual field theories and can also be applied in higher dimensions. We also show that this Feynman graph spin foam model, which encodes the geometry of flat space-time, can be purely expressed in terms of algebraic data associated with the Poincare group. This spin foam model turns out to be the spin foam quantization of a BF theory based on the Poincare group, and as such is related to a quantization of 3d gravity in the limit where the Newton constant G_N goes to 0. We investigate the 4d case in a companion paper where the strategy proposed here leads to similar results.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Apr 2006 20:48:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Mar 2007 20:24:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Baratin", "Aristide", "" ], [ "Freidel", "Laurent", "" ] ]
In this work we show that 3d Feynman amplitudes of standard QFT in flat and homogeneous space can be naturally expressed as expectation values of a specific topological spin foam model. The main interest of the paper is to set up a framework which gives a background independent perspective on usual field theories and can also be applied in higher dimensions. We also show that this Feynman graph spin foam model, which encodes the geometry of flat space-time, can be purely expressed in terms of algebraic data associated with the Poincare group. This spin foam model turns out to be the spin foam quantization of a BF theory based on the Poincare group, and as such is related to a quantization of 3d gravity in the limit where the Newton constant G_N goes to 0. We investigate the 4d case in a companion paper where the strategy proposed here leads to similar results.
1807.08049
Nicolas Yunes
Alexander Saffer and Nicolas Yunes
Angular Momentum Loss for a Binary System in Einstein-{\AE}ther Theory
9 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRD
Phys. Rev. D 98, 124015 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.124015
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The recent gravitational wave observations provide insight into the extreme gravity regime of coalescing binaries, where gravity is strong, dynamical and non-linear. The interpretation of these observations relies on the comparison of the data to a gravitational wave model, which in turn depends on the orbital evolution of the binary, and in particular on its orbital energy and angular momentum decay. In this paper, we calculate the latter in the inspiral of a non-spinning compact binary system within Einstein-\AE{}ther theory. From the theory's gravitational wave stress energy tensor and a balance law, we compute the angular momentum decay both as a function of the fields in the theory and as a function of the multipole moments of the binary. We then specialize to a Keplerian parameterization of the orbit to express the angular momentum decay as a function of the binary's orbital elements. We conclude by combining this with the orbital energy decay to find expressions for the decay of the semi-major axis and the orbital eccentricity of the binary. We find that these rates of decay are typically faster in Einstein-\AE{}ther theory than in General Relativity due to the presence of dipole radiation. Such modifications will imprint onto the chirp rate of gravitational waves, leaving a signature of Einstein-\AE{}ther theory that if absent in the data could be used to stringently constrain it.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Jul 2018 22:57:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-12-19
[ [ "Saffer", "Alexander", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ] ]
The recent gravitational wave observations provide insight into the extreme gravity regime of coalescing binaries, where gravity is strong, dynamical and non-linear. The interpretation of these observations relies on the comparison of the data to a gravitational wave model, which in turn depends on the orbital evolution of the binary, and in particular on its orbital energy and angular momentum decay. In this paper, we calculate the latter in the inspiral of a non-spinning compact binary system within Einstein-\AE{}ther theory. From the theory's gravitational wave stress energy tensor and a balance law, we compute the angular momentum decay both as a function of the fields in the theory and as a function of the multipole moments of the binary. We then specialize to a Keplerian parameterization of the orbit to express the angular momentum decay as a function of the binary's orbital elements. We conclude by combining this with the orbital energy decay to find expressions for the decay of the semi-major axis and the orbital eccentricity of the binary. We find that these rates of decay are typically faster in Einstein-\AE{}ther theory than in General Relativity due to the presence of dipole radiation. Such modifications will imprint onto the chirp rate of gravitational waves, leaving a signature of Einstein-\AE{}ther theory that if absent in the data could be used to stringently constrain it.
1408.0840
Michael Coughlin
Michael Coughlin, Eric Thrane, Nelson Christensen
Detecting compact binary coalescences with seedless clustering
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.083005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Compact binary coalescences are a promising source of gravitational waves for second-generation interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. Although matched filtering is the optimal search method for well-modeled systems, alternative detection strategies can be used to guard against theoretical errors (e.g., involving new physics and/or assumptions about spin/eccentricity) while providing a measure of redundancy. In previous work, we showed how "seedless clustering" can be used to detect long-lived gravitational-wave transients in both targeted and all-sky searches. In this paper, we apply seedless clustering to the problem of low-mass ($M_\text{total}\leq10M_\odot$) compact binary coalescences for both spinning and eccentric systems. We show that seedless clustering provides a robust and computationally efficient method for detecting low-mass compact binaries.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Aug 2014 00:01:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-22
[ [ "Coughlin", "Michael", "" ], [ "Thrane", "Eric", "" ], [ "Christensen", "Nelson", "" ] ]
Compact binary coalescences are a promising source of gravitational waves for second-generation interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. Although matched filtering is the optimal search method for well-modeled systems, alternative detection strategies can be used to guard against theoretical errors (e.g., involving new physics and/or assumptions about spin/eccentricity) while providing a measure of redundancy. In previous work, we showed how "seedless clustering" can be used to detect long-lived gravitational-wave transients in both targeted and all-sky searches. In this paper, we apply seedless clustering to the problem of low-mass ($M_\text{total}\leq10M_\odot$) compact binary coalescences for both spinning and eccentric systems. We show that seedless clustering provides a robust and computationally efficient method for detecting low-mass compact binaries.
gr-qc/0302097
Friedrich W. Hehl
Alberto A. Garcia, Friedrich W. Hehl, Christian Heinicke, Alfredo Macias
Exact vacuum solution of a (1+2)-dimensional Poincare gauge theory: BTZ solution with torsion
16 pages latex, 1 figure, paper corrected and shortened
Phys.Rev. D67 (2003) 124016
10.1103/PhysRevD.67.124016
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In (1+2)-dimensional Poincar\'e gauge gravity, we start from a Lagrangian depending on torsion and curvature which includes additionally {\em translational} and {\em Lorentzian} Chern-Simons terms. Limiting ourselves to to a specific subcase, the Mielke-Baekler (MB) model, we derive the corresponding field equations (of Einstein-Cartan-Chern-Simons type) and find the general vacuum solution. We determine the properties of this solution, in particular its mass and its angular momentum. For vanishing torsion, we recover the BTZ-solution. We also derive the general conformally flat vacuum solution with torsion. In this framework, we discuss {\em Cartan's} (3-dimensional) {\em spiral staircase} and find that it is not only a special case of our new vacuum solution, but can alternatively be understood as a solution of the 3-dimensional Einstein-Cartan theory with matter of constant pressure and constant torque.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Feb 2003 16:37:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 20 Jun 2003 22:52:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Garcia", "Alberto A.", "" ], [ "Hehl", "Friedrich W.", "" ], [ "Heinicke", "Christian", "" ], [ "Macias", "Alfredo", "" ] ]
In (1+2)-dimensional Poincar\'e gauge gravity, we start from a Lagrangian depending on torsion and curvature which includes additionally {\em translational} and {\em Lorentzian} Chern-Simons terms. Limiting ourselves to to a specific subcase, the Mielke-Baekler (MB) model, we derive the corresponding field equations (of Einstein-Cartan-Chern-Simons type) and find the general vacuum solution. We determine the properties of this solution, in particular its mass and its angular momentum. For vanishing torsion, we recover the BTZ-solution. We also derive the general conformally flat vacuum solution with torsion. In this framework, we discuss {\em Cartan's} (3-dimensional) {\em spiral staircase} and find that it is not only a special case of our new vacuum solution, but can alternatively be understood as a solution of the 3-dimensional Einstein-Cartan theory with matter of constant pressure and constant torque.
2110.01091
Hongguang Liu
Muxin Han, Wojciech Kaminski, Hongguang Liu
Finiteness of spinfoam vertex amplitude with timelike polyhedra, and the full amplitude
29 pages
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.084034
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work focuses on Conrady-Hnybida's 4-dimensional extended spinfoam model with timelike polyhedra, while we restrict all faces to be spacelike. Firstly, we prove the absolute convergence of the vertex amplitude with timelike polyhedra, when SU(1,1) boundary states are coherent states or the canonical basis, or their finite linear combinations. Secondly, based on the finite vertex amplitude and a proper prescription of the SU(1,1) intertwiner space, we construct the extended spinfoam amplitude on arbitrary cellular complex, taking into account the sum over SU(1,1) intertwiners of internal timelike polyhedra. We observe that the sum over SU(1,1) intertwiners is infinite for the internal timelike polyhedron that has at least 2 future-pointing and 2 past-pointing face-normals. In order to regularize the possible divergence from summing over SU(1,1) intertwiners, we develop a quantum cut-off scheme based on the eigenvalue of the ``shadow operator''. The spinfoam amplitude with timelike internal polyhedra (and spacelike faces) is finite, when 2 types of cut-offs are imposed: one is imposed on $j$ the eigenvalue of area operator, the other is imposed on the eigenvalue of shadow operator for every internal timelike polyhedron that has at least 2 future-pointing and 2 past-pointing face-normals.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Oct 2021 20:17:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-04
[ [ "Han", "Muxin", "" ], [ "Kaminski", "Wojciech", "" ], [ "Liu", "Hongguang", "" ] ]
This work focuses on Conrady-Hnybida's 4-dimensional extended spinfoam model with timelike polyhedra, while we restrict all faces to be spacelike. Firstly, we prove the absolute convergence of the vertex amplitude with timelike polyhedra, when SU(1,1) boundary states are coherent states or the canonical basis, or their finite linear combinations. Secondly, based on the finite vertex amplitude and a proper prescription of the SU(1,1) intertwiner space, we construct the extended spinfoam amplitude on arbitrary cellular complex, taking into account the sum over SU(1,1) intertwiners of internal timelike polyhedra. We observe that the sum over SU(1,1) intertwiners is infinite for the internal timelike polyhedron that has at least 2 future-pointing and 2 past-pointing face-normals. In order to regularize the possible divergence from summing over SU(1,1) intertwiners, we develop a quantum cut-off scheme based on the eigenvalue of the ``shadow operator''. The spinfoam amplitude with timelike internal polyhedra (and spacelike faces) is finite, when 2 types of cut-offs are imposed: one is imposed on $j$ the eigenvalue of area operator, the other is imposed on the eigenvalue of shadow operator for every internal timelike polyhedron that has at least 2 future-pointing and 2 past-pointing face-normals.
1610.00244
Antoine Folacci
Andrei Belokogne, Antoine Folacci and Julien Queva
Stueckelberg massive electromagnetism in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes: Two-point functions and renormalized stress-energy tensors
v2:Typos corrected. Minor changes to match the published version
Phys. Rev. D 94, 105028 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.105028
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
By considering Hadamard vacuum states, we first construct the two-point functions associated with Stueckelberg massive electromagnetism in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes. Then, from the general formalism developed in [A. Belokogne and A. Folacci, Phys. Rev. D \textbf{93}, 044063 (2016)], we obtain an exact analytical expression for the vacuum expectation value of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of the massive vector field propagating in these maximally symmetric spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Sun, 2 Oct 2016 08:45:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Nov 2016 15:06:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-12-07
[ [ "Belokogne", "Andrei", "" ], [ "Folacci", "Antoine", "" ], [ "Queva", "Julien", "" ] ]
By considering Hadamard vacuum states, we first construct the two-point functions associated with Stueckelberg massive electromagnetism in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes. Then, from the general formalism developed in [A. Belokogne and A. Folacci, Phys. Rev. D \textbf{93}, 044063 (2016)], we obtain an exact analytical expression for the vacuum expectation value of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of the massive vector field propagating in these maximally symmetric spacetimes.
gr-qc/9607077
Dominik Schwarz
Dominik J. Schwarz (ETH-Zuerich)
Cosmological Perturbations of Ultrarelativistic Plasmas
talk given at Journees Relativistes '96 (Ascona, Switzerland), 4 pages, LaTeX, two Postscript figures
Helv.Phys.Acta 69:194-197,1996
null
ETH-TH/96-24
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Scalar cosmological perturbations of a weakly self-interacting plasma mixed with a perfect radiation fluid are investigated. Effects of this plasma are considered through order $\lambda^{3/2}$ of perturbative thermal-field-theory in the radiation dominated universe. The breakdown of thermal perturbation theory at vastly subhorizon scales is circumvented by a Pad\'e approximant solution. Compared to collisionless plasmas the phase speed and subhorizon damping of the plasma density perturbations are changed. An example for a self-interacting thermal field is provided by the neutrinos with effective 4-fermion interactions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 1996 14:42:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-15
[ [ "Schwarz", "Dominik J.", "", "ETH-Zuerich" ] ]
Scalar cosmological perturbations of a weakly self-interacting plasma mixed with a perfect radiation fluid are investigated. Effects of this plasma are considered through order $\lambda^{3/2}$ of perturbative thermal-field-theory in the radiation dominated universe. The breakdown of thermal perturbation theory at vastly subhorizon scales is circumvented by a Pad\'e approximant solution. Compared to collisionless plasmas the phase speed and subhorizon damping of the plasma density perturbations are changed. An example for a self-interacting thermal field is provided by the neutrinos with effective 4-fermion interactions.
2203.07780
Noa Zilberman
Noa Zilberman, Marc Casals, Amos Ori and Adrian C. Ottewill
Two-point function of a quantum scalar field in the interior region of a Kerr black hole
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.125011
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Quantum field effects on a classical background spacetime may be obtained from the semiclassical equations of General Relativity with the expectation value of the stress-energy tensor of the quantum field as a source. This expectation value can be calculated from Hadamard's elementary two-point function, which in practice is given in terms of sums of products of field modes evaluated at two spacetime points. We derive expressions for the two-point function for a massless scalar field in the Unruh state on a Kerr black hole spacetime. Our main result in this paper is a novel expression valid when the two points lie inside the black hole; we also (re-)derive, using a new method, the known expression valid when the two points lie outside the black hole. We achieve these expressions by finding relationships between Unruh modes, defined in terms of the retarded Kruskal coordinate, and Eddington modes, defined in terms of the Eddington coordinates. While our starting expression for the two-point function is written in terms of the Unruh modes, we give our final expression in terms of the Eddington modes, which have the computational advantage that they decompose into factors that obey ordinary differential equations. In an appendix we also derive expressions for the bare mode contributions to the flux components of the stress-energy tensor for a minimally-coupled massless scalar field inside the black hole. Our results thus lay the groundwork for future calculations of quantum effects inside a Kerr black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Mar 2022 11:01:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-04
[ [ "Zilberman", "Noa", "" ], [ "Casals", "Marc", "" ], [ "Ori", "Amos", "" ], [ "Ottewill", "Adrian C.", "" ] ]
Quantum field effects on a classical background spacetime may be obtained from the semiclassical equations of General Relativity with the expectation value of the stress-energy tensor of the quantum field as a source. This expectation value can be calculated from Hadamard's elementary two-point function, which in practice is given in terms of sums of products of field modes evaluated at two spacetime points. We derive expressions for the two-point function for a massless scalar field in the Unruh state on a Kerr black hole spacetime. Our main result in this paper is a novel expression valid when the two points lie inside the black hole; we also (re-)derive, using a new method, the known expression valid when the two points lie outside the black hole. We achieve these expressions by finding relationships between Unruh modes, defined in terms of the retarded Kruskal coordinate, and Eddington modes, defined in terms of the Eddington coordinates. While our starting expression for the two-point function is written in terms of the Unruh modes, we give our final expression in terms of the Eddington modes, which have the computational advantage that they decompose into factors that obey ordinary differential equations. In an appendix we also derive expressions for the bare mode contributions to the flux components of the stress-energy tensor for a minimally-coupled massless scalar field inside the black hole. Our results thus lay the groundwork for future calculations of quantum effects inside a Kerr black hole.
2102.06824
Alexey Bobrick
Alexey Bobrick, Gianni Martire
Introducing Physical Warp Drives
Accepted in CQG, comments welcome
null
10.1088/1361-6382/abdf6e
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Alcubierre warp drive is an exotic solution in general relativity. It allows for superluminal travel at the cost of enormous amounts of matter with negative mass density. For this reason, the Alcubierre warp drive has been widely considered unphysical. In this study, we develop a model of a general warp drive spacetime in classical relativity that encloses all existing warp drive definitions and allows for new metrics without the most serious issues present in the Alcubierre solution. We present the first general model for subluminal positive-energy, spherically symmetric warp drives; construct superluminal warp-drive solutions which satisfy quantum inequalities; provide optimizations for the Alcubierre metric that decrease the negative energy requirements by two orders of magnitude; and introduce a warp drive spacetime in which space capacity and the rate of time can be chosen in a controlled manner. Conceptually, we demonstrate that any warp drive, including the Alcubierre drive, is a shell of regular or exotic material moving inertially with a certain velocity. Therefore, any warp drive requires propulsion. We show that a class of subluminal, spherically symmetric warp drive spacetimes, at least in principle, can be constructed based on the physical principles known to humanity today.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Feb 2021 23:58:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Feb 2021 13:48:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-02-18
[ [ "Bobrick", "Alexey", "" ], [ "Martire", "Gianni", "" ] ]
The Alcubierre warp drive is an exotic solution in general relativity. It allows for superluminal travel at the cost of enormous amounts of matter with negative mass density. For this reason, the Alcubierre warp drive has been widely considered unphysical. In this study, we develop a model of a general warp drive spacetime in classical relativity that encloses all existing warp drive definitions and allows for new metrics without the most serious issues present in the Alcubierre solution. We present the first general model for subluminal positive-energy, spherically symmetric warp drives; construct superluminal warp-drive solutions which satisfy quantum inequalities; provide optimizations for the Alcubierre metric that decrease the negative energy requirements by two orders of magnitude; and introduce a warp drive spacetime in which space capacity and the rate of time can be chosen in a controlled manner. Conceptually, we demonstrate that any warp drive, including the Alcubierre drive, is a shell of regular or exotic material moving inertially with a certain velocity. Therefore, any warp drive requires propulsion. We show that a class of subluminal, spherically symmetric warp drive spacetimes, at least in principle, can be constructed based on the physical principles known to humanity today.
1802.01543
Ilya Vilensky
Jonathan Engle, Ilya Vilensky
Deriving loop quantum cosmology dynamics from diffeomorphism invariance
34 pages, improved presentation by imposing covariance under non-canonical diffeomorphisms
Phys. Rev. D 98, 023505 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.023505
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use the requirement of diffeomorphism invariance in the Bianchi I context to derive the form of the quantum Hamiltonian constraint. After imposing the correct classical behavior and making a certain minimality assumption, together with a certain restriction to "planar loops", we then obtain a unique expression for the quantum Hamiltonian operator for Bianchi I to both leading and subleading orders in $\hbar$. Specifically, this expression is found to exactly match the form proposed by Ashtekar and Wilson-Ewing in the loop quantum cosmology (LQC) literature. Furthermore, by using the projection map from the quantum states of the Bianchi I model to the states of the isotropic model, we constrain the dynamics also in the homogeneous isotropic case, and obtain, again to both leading and subleading order in $\hbar$, a quantum constraint which exactly matches the standard `improved dynamics' of Ashtekar, Pawlowski and Singh. This result in the isotropic case does not require a restriction to planar loops, but only the minimality assumption. Our results strengthen confidence in LQC dynamics and its observational predictions as consequences of more basic fundamental principles. Of the assumptions made in the isotropic case, the only one not rigidly determined by physical principle is the minimality principle, our work also shows the exact freedom allowed when this assumption is relaxed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Feb 2018 18:10:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 26 May 2018 01:50:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-07-11
[ [ "Engle", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Vilensky", "Ilya", "" ] ]
We use the requirement of diffeomorphism invariance in the Bianchi I context to derive the form of the quantum Hamiltonian constraint. After imposing the correct classical behavior and making a certain minimality assumption, together with a certain restriction to "planar loops", we then obtain a unique expression for the quantum Hamiltonian operator for Bianchi I to both leading and subleading orders in $\hbar$. Specifically, this expression is found to exactly match the form proposed by Ashtekar and Wilson-Ewing in the loop quantum cosmology (LQC) literature. Furthermore, by using the projection map from the quantum states of the Bianchi I model to the states of the isotropic model, we constrain the dynamics also in the homogeneous isotropic case, and obtain, again to both leading and subleading order in $\hbar$, a quantum constraint which exactly matches the standard `improved dynamics' of Ashtekar, Pawlowski and Singh. This result in the isotropic case does not require a restriction to planar loops, but only the minimality assumption. Our results strengthen confidence in LQC dynamics and its observational predictions as consequences of more basic fundamental principles. Of the assumptions made in the isotropic case, the only one not rigidly determined by physical principle is the minimality principle, our work also shows the exact freedom allowed when this assumption is relaxed.
2012.11959
Viktor Gakis
Gianbattista-Piero Nicosia, Jackson Levi Said and Viktor Gakis
Generalised Proca Theories in Teleparallel Gravity
19 pages
The European Physical Journal Plus volume 136 (2021)
10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01133-4
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Generalised Proca theories of gravity represent an interesting class of vector-tensor theories where only three propagating degrees of freedom are present. In this work, we propose a new teleparallel gravity analog to Proca theories where the generalised Proca framework is extended due to the lower order nature of torsion based gravity. We develop a new action contribution and explore the example of the Friedmann equations in this regime. We find that teleparallel Proca theories offer the possibility of a much larger class of models in which do have an impact on background cosmology.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Dec 2020 12:24:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Mar 2022 15:38:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-03-25
[ [ "Nicosia", "Gianbattista-Piero", "" ], [ "Said", "Jackson Levi", "" ], [ "Gakis", "Viktor", "" ] ]
Generalised Proca theories of gravity represent an interesting class of vector-tensor theories where only three propagating degrees of freedom are present. In this work, we propose a new teleparallel gravity analog to Proca theories where the generalised Proca framework is extended due to the lower order nature of torsion based gravity. We develop a new action contribution and explore the example of the Friedmann equations in this regime. We find that teleparallel Proca theories offer the possibility of a much larger class of models in which do have an impact on background cosmology.
2306.11926
Israel Quiros
Israel Quiros
Comment on "Dark matter as a Weyl geometric effect"
3 pages without figures. Improved and shortened version, focused exclusively in the demonstration that the solution found by the authors of the PRD paper is wrong
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this note we comment on a recent attempt by P. Burikham, T. Harko, K. Pimsamarn and S. Shahidi [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 107}, 064008 (2023)] to explain the galactic rotation curves as the result of the motion of time-like test particles in the Weyl geometric theory of gravity. We show that the static, spherically symmetric solution found by the authors, which could be the basis of an alternative explanation of the galactic rotation curves, is wrong.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Jun 2023 22:23:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 3 Aug 2023 07:28:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Aug 2023 15:52:36 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-08-16
[ [ "Quiros", "Israel", "" ] ]
In this note we comment on a recent attempt by P. Burikham, T. Harko, K. Pimsamarn and S. Shahidi [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 107}, 064008 (2023)] to explain the galactic rotation curves as the result of the motion of time-like test particles in the Weyl geometric theory of gravity. We show that the static, spherically symmetric solution found by the authors, which could be the basis of an alternative explanation of the galactic rotation curves, is wrong.
gr-qc/0604084
James Vickers
R. A. d'Inverno, P. Lambert, J. A. Vickers
Hamiltonian analysis of the double null 2+2 decomposition of General Relativity expressed in terms of self-dual bivectors
12 pages, LaTeX, uses iopart.cls, submitted to Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 4511-4522
10.1088/0264-9381/23/13/014
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper we obtain a 2+2 double null Hamiltonian description of General Relativity using only the (complex) SO(3) connection and the components of the complex densitised self-dual bivectors. We carry out the general canonical analysis of this system and obtain the first class constraint algebra entirely in terms of the self-dual variables. The first class algebra forms a Lie algebra and all the first class constraints have a simple geometrical interpretation.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Apr 2006 08:33:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "d'Inverno", "R. A.", "" ], [ "Lambert", "P.", "" ], [ "Vickers", "J. A.", "" ] ]
In this paper we obtain a 2+2 double null Hamiltonian description of General Relativity using only the (complex) SO(3) connection and the components of the complex densitised self-dual bivectors. We carry out the general canonical analysis of this system and obtain the first class constraint algebra entirely in terms of the self-dual variables. The first class algebra forms a Lie algebra and all the first class constraints have a simple geometrical interpretation.
1211.6022
Jose M. M. Senovilla
Jos\'e M. M. Senovilla
Remarks on the stability operator for MOTS
4 pages, no figures, contribution to the Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting in Portugal ERE2012, held in Guimar\~aes, 3--7 Septmber 2012
null
null
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Small deformations of marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS) are studied by using the stability operator introduced by Andersson-Mars-Simon. Novel formulae for the principal eigenvalue are presented. A characterization of the many marginally outer trapped tubes (MOTT) passing through a given MOTS is given, and the possibility of selecting a privileged MOTT is discussed. This is related to the concept of `core' of a black hole: a minimal region that one should remove from the spacetime in order to get rid of all possible closed trapped surfaces. In spherical symmetry one can prove that the spherical MOTT is the boundary of a core. I argue how similar results may hold in general spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Nov 2012 16:52:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-11-27
[ [ "Senovilla", "José M. M.", "" ] ]
Small deformations of marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS) are studied by using the stability operator introduced by Andersson-Mars-Simon. Novel formulae for the principal eigenvalue are presented. A characterization of the many marginally outer trapped tubes (MOTT) passing through a given MOTS is given, and the possibility of selecting a privileged MOTT is discussed. This is related to the concept of `core' of a black hole: a minimal region that one should remove from the spacetime in order to get rid of all possible closed trapped surfaces. In spherical symmetry one can prove that the spherical MOTT is the boundary of a core. I argue how similar results may hold in general spacetimes.
1803.01624
Jorma Louko
Robert Benkel, Jishnu Bhattacharyya, Jorma Louko, David Mattingly, Thomas P. Sotiriou
Dynamical obstruction to perpetual motion from Lorentz-violating black holes
10 pages. v2: minor additions to discussion, version accepted in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 98, 024034 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.024034
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Black holes in Lorentz-violating theories have been claimed to violate the second law of thermodynamics by perpetual motion energy extraction. We revisit this question for a Penrose splitting process in a spherically symmetric setting with two species of particles that move on radial geodesics that extend to infinity. We show that energy extraction by this process cannot happen in any theory in which gravity is attractive, in the sense of a geometric inequality that we describe. This inequality is satisfied by all known Einstein-\ae{}ther and Ho\v{r}ava black hole solutions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Mar 2018 12:18:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Jul 2018 17:26:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-07-25
[ [ "Benkel", "Robert", "" ], [ "Bhattacharyya", "Jishnu", "" ], [ "Louko", "Jorma", "" ], [ "Mattingly", "David", "" ], [ "Sotiriou", "Thomas P.", "" ] ]
Black holes in Lorentz-violating theories have been claimed to violate the second law of thermodynamics by perpetual motion energy extraction. We revisit this question for a Penrose splitting process in a spherically symmetric setting with two species of particles that move on radial geodesics that extend to infinity. We show that energy extraction by this process cannot happen in any theory in which gravity is attractive, in the sense of a geometric inequality that we describe. This inequality is satisfied by all known Einstein-\ae{}ther and Ho\v{r}ava black hole solutions.
2404.15408
Rossella Gamba
Rossella Gamba, Danilo Chiaramello and Sayan Neogi
Towards efficient Effective One Body models for generic, non-planar orbits
17 pages, 13 figures; version accepted for publication
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Complete waveform models able to account for arbitrary non-planar orbits represent a holy grail in current gravitational-wave astronomy. Here, we take a step towards this direction and present a simple yet efficient prescription to obtain the evolution of the spin vectors and of the orbital angular momentum along non-circularized orbits, that can be applied to any eccentric aligned-spins waveform model. The scheme employed is motivated by insights gained from the post-Newtonian (PN) regime. We investigate the phenomenology of the Euler angles characterizing the time-dependent rotation that connects the co-precessing frame to the inertial one, gauging the importance of non-circular terms in the evolution of the spins of a precessing binary. We demonstrate that such terms are largely negligible, irrespectively of the details of the orbit. Such insights are confirmed by studying the radiation-frame of a few eccentric, precessing numerical relativity (NR) simulations. Our investigations confirm that the usual "twisting" technique employed for quasi-spherical systems can be safely applied to non-circularized binaries. By then augmenting a state-of-the-art Effective-One-Body (EOB) model for non-circular planar orbits with the prescription discussed, we obtain an inspiral-merger-ringdown (IMR) model for eccentric, precessing binary black holes (BBHs). We validate the model in the quasi-spherical limit via mismatches and present one phasing comparison against a precessing, eccentric simulation from the RIT catalog.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Apr 2024 18:00:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Jun 2024 10:50:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-27
[ [ "Gamba", "Rossella", "" ], [ "Chiaramello", "Danilo", "" ], [ "Neogi", "Sayan", "" ] ]
Complete waveform models able to account for arbitrary non-planar orbits represent a holy grail in current gravitational-wave astronomy. Here, we take a step towards this direction and present a simple yet efficient prescription to obtain the evolution of the spin vectors and of the orbital angular momentum along non-circularized orbits, that can be applied to any eccentric aligned-spins waveform model. The scheme employed is motivated by insights gained from the post-Newtonian (PN) regime. We investigate the phenomenology of the Euler angles characterizing the time-dependent rotation that connects the co-precessing frame to the inertial one, gauging the importance of non-circular terms in the evolution of the spins of a precessing binary. We demonstrate that such terms are largely negligible, irrespectively of the details of the orbit. Such insights are confirmed by studying the radiation-frame of a few eccentric, precessing numerical relativity (NR) simulations. Our investigations confirm that the usual "twisting" technique employed for quasi-spherical systems can be safely applied to non-circularized binaries. By then augmenting a state-of-the-art Effective-One-Body (EOB) model for non-circular planar orbits with the prescription discussed, we obtain an inspiral-merger-ringdown (IMR) model for eccentric, precessing binary black holes (BBHs). We validate the model in the quasi-spherical limit via mismatches and present one phasing comparison against a precessing, eccentric simulation from the RIT catalog.
2206.01389
Erik Jim\'enez-V\'azquez
Erik Jimenez-Vazquez, Miguel Alcubierre
Critical gravitational collapse of a massive complex scalar field
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.044071
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the critical collapse of a massive complex scalar field coupled minimally to gravity. Taking as initial data a simple gaussian pulse with a shape similar to the harmonic ansatz for boson stars, we obtain critical collapse of type type I and II when varying the gaussian width $\sigma$. For $\sigma \leq 0.5$ we find collapse of type II with a critical exponent $\gamma=0.38\pm0.01$ and an echoing period $\Delta=3.4\pm0.1$. These values are very similar to the known results for a real massless scalar field. On the other hand, for $\sigma \geq 2.5$ we obtain collapse of type I. In this case we find that the critical solutions turn out to be an unstable boson stars in the ground state: all the data obtained from our simulations can be contrasted with the characteristic values for unstable boson stars and their corresponding Lyapunov exponents.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Jun 2022 04:26:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Aug 2022 18:34:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-09-07
[ [ "Jimenez-Vazquez", "Erik", "" ], [ "Alcubierre", "Miguel", "" ] ]
We study the critical collapse of a massive complex scalar field coupled minimally to gravity. Taking as initial data a simple gaussian pulse with a shape similar to the harmonic ansatz for boson stars, we obtain critical collapse of type type I and II when varying the gaussian width $\sigma$. For $\sigma \leq 0.5$ we find collapse of type II with a critical exponent $\gamma=0.38\pm0.01$ and an echoing period $\Delta=3.4\pm0.1$. These values are very similar to the known results for a real massless scalar field. On the other hand, for $\sigma \geq 2.5$ we obtain collapse of type I. In this case we find that the critical solutions turn out to be an unstable boson stars in the ground state: all the data obtained from our simulations can be contrasted with the characteristic values for unstable boson stars and their corresponding Lyapunov exponents.
2308.10184
Xiangdong Zhang
Xiangdong Zhang
Loop quantum black hole
A mini review, 15 pages
Universe 2023, 9(7), 313
10.3390/universe9070313
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In the last decades, progress on the quantization of black holes using techniques developed in loop quantum cosmology has received increasing attention. Due to the quantum geometry effect, the resulting quantum corrected black hole is free of singularity. The quantization scheme can be roughly divided into four types, that is 1. $\mu_0$-scheme, 2. $\bar{\mu}$-scheme, 3. generalized $\mu_0$-scheme, 4. quantum collapsing model. This paper provides an introduction of the loop quantum black hole models and a summary of the progress made in this field, as well as the quantum effective dynamics and physical applications of these models.
[ { "created": "Sun, 20 Aug 2023 07:24:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-22
[ [ "Zhang", "Xiangdong", "" ] ]
In the last decades, progress on the quantization of black holes using techniques developed in loop quantum cosmology has received increasing attention. Due to the quantum geometry effect, the resulting quantum corrected black hole is free of singularity. The quantization scheme can be roughly divided into four types, that is 1. $\mu_0$-scheme, 2. $\bar{\mu}$-scheme, 3. generalized $\mu_0$-scheme, 4. quantum collapsing model. This paper provides an introduction of the loop quantum black hole models and a summary of the progress made in this field, as well as the quantum effective dynamics and physical applications of these models.
gr-qc/9404059
Jorge Pullin
Rodolfo Gambini, Alcides Garat and Jorge Pullin
The constraint algebra of quantum gravity in the loop representation
18 pages, Revtex, no figures, CGPG-94/4-3
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D4 (1995) 589-616
10.1142/S0218271895000417
null
gr-qc
null
We study the algebra of constraints of quantum gravity in the loop representation based on Ashtekar's new variables. We show by direct computation that the quantum commutator algebra reproduces the classical Poisson bracket one, in the limit in which regulators are removed. The calculation illustrates the use of several computational techniques for the loop representation.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Apr 1994 16:05:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Gambini", "Rodolfo", "" ], [ "Garat", "Alcides", "" ], [ "Pullin", "Jorge", "" ] ]
We study the algebra of constraints of quantum gravity in the loop representation based on Ashtekar's new variables. We show by direct computation that the quantum commutator algebra reproduces the classical Poisson bracket one, in the limit in which regulators are removed. The calculation illustrates the use of several computational techniques for the loop representation.
gr-qc/0308031
Patricio S. Letelier
Daniel Vogt and Patricio S. Letelier
Exact General Relativistic Perfect Fluid Disks with Halos
22 pages, 25 eps.figs, RevTex. Phys. Rev. D to appear
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 084010
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.084010
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Using the well-known ``displace, cut and reflect'' method used to generate disks from given solutions of Einstein field equations, we construct static disks made of perfect fluid based on vacuum Schwarzschild's solution in isotropic coordinates. The same method is applied to different exactsolutions to the Einstein'sequations that represent static spheres of perfect fluids. We construct several models of disks with axially symmetric perfect fluid halos. All disks have some common features: surface energy density and pressures decrease monotonically and rapidly with radius. As the ``cut'' parameter $a$ decreases, the disks become more relativistic, with surface energy density and pressure more concentrated near the center. Also regions of unstable circular orbits are more likely to appear for high relativistic disks. Parameters can be chosen so that the sound velocity in the fluid and the tangential velocity of test particles in circular motion are less then the velocity of light. This tangential velocity first increases with radius and reaches a maximum.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Aug 2003 14:21:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Vogt", "Daniel", "" ], [ "Letelier", "Patricio S.", "" ] ]
Using the well-known ``displace, cut and reflect'' method used to generate disks from given solutions of Einstein field equations, we construct static disks made of perfect fluid based on vacuum Schwarzschild's solution in isotropic coordinates. The same method is applied to different exactsolutions to the Einstein'sequations that represent static spheres of perfect fluids. We construct several models of disks with axially symmetric perfect fluid halos. All disks have some common features: surface energy density and pressures decrease monotonically and rapidly with radius. As the ``cut'' parameter $a$ decreases, the disks become more relativistic, with surface energy density and pressure more concentrated near the center. Also regions of unstable circular orbits are more likely to appear for high relativistic disks. Parameters can be chosen so that the sound velocity in the fluid and the tangential velocity of test particles in circular motion are less then the velocity of light. This tangential velocity first increases with radius and reaches a maximum.
gr-qc/0609071
Yun-Song Piao
Yun-Song Piao
Seeding of Primordial Perturbations During a Decelerated Expansion
5 pages, 3 figures, more details and clarifications added, refs. added, new version with 6 pages has been splitted into various sections, to be published in PRD, v3, matched to published version
Phys.Rev.D75:063517,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.063517
null
gr-qc
null
A scalar field with a modified dispersion relation may seed, under certain conditions, the primordial perturbations during a decelerated expansion. In this note we examine whether and how these perturbations can be responsible for the structure formation of observable universe. We discuss relevant difficulties and possible solutions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Sep 2006 10:38:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Mar 2007 05:11:46 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 May 2007 06:35:59 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Piao", "Yun-Song", "" ] ]
A scalar field with a modified dispersion relation may seed, under certain conditions, the primordial perturbations during a decelerated expansion. In this note we examine whether and how these perturbations can be responsible for the structure formation of observable universe. We discuss relevant difficulties and possible solutions.
1710.01357
Sk Jahanur Hoque
Sk Jahanur Hoque and Ankit Aggarwal
Quadrupolar power radiation by a binary system in de Sitter Background
Version accepted for publication in IJMPD. Angular momentum loss and evolution of orbital parameters are added. 24 pages, 2 figures
International Journal of Modern Physics D Vol. 28 (2019) 1950025
10.1142/S0218271819500251
IMSc/2017/10/08
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmological observations over past couple of decades favor our universe with a tiny positive cosmological constant. Presence of cosmological constant not only imposes theoretical challenges in gravitational wave physics, it has also observational relevance. Inclusion of cosmological constant in linearized theory of gravitational waves modifies the power radiated quadrupole formula. There are two types of observations which can be impacted by the modified quadrupole formula. One is the orbital decay of an inspiraling binary and other is the modification of the waveform at the detector. Modelling a compact binary system in an elliptic orbit on de Sitter background we obtain energy and angular momentum radiation due to emission of gravitational waves. We also investigate evolution of orbital parameters under back reaction and its impact on orbital decay rate. In the limit to circular orbit our result matches to that obtained in ref. [26].
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Oct 2017 19:33:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Oct 2018 16:52:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-24
[ [ "Hoque", "Sk Jahanur", "" ], [ "Aggarwal", "Ankit", "" ] ]
Cosmological observations over past couple of decades favor our universe with a tiny positive cosmological constant. Presence of cosmological constant not only imposes theoretical challenges in gravitational wave physics, it has also observational relevance. Inclusion of cosmological constant in linearized theory of gravitational waves modifies the power radiated quadrupole formula. There are two types of observations which can be impacted by the modified quadrupole formula. One is the orbital decay of an inspiraling binary and other is the modification of the waveform at the detector. Modelling a compact binary system in an elliptic orbit on de Sitter background we obtain energy and angular momentum radiation due to emission of gravitational waves. We also investigate evolution of orbital parameters under back reaction and its impact on orbital decay rate. In the limit to circular orbit our result matches to that obtained in ref. [26].
gr-qc/9809066
Jerzy Kowalczynski
J.K. Kowalczynski (Instute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences)
An Unexpected Electrovac Solution with the Negative Cosmological Constant
8 pages, LaTeX 2e, no figures. The present (second) version is derived from the first one by adding two references (here Refs. [15,16]) and comments on the Bertotti solution and on its special cases. I made no submission for publication when it appeared that the solution in question is a special case of the Bertotti solution
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
An exact solution of the current-free Einstein-Maxwell equations with the cosmological constant is presented. The solution is of Petrov type D, includes the negative cosmological constant, and could be a ``background addition'' to the present-day models of the universe. It has a surprising property such that its electromagnetic field and cosmological constant are interdependent (this constant is proportional to the energy density of this field), which may suggest a new way of measuring the constant in question. The solution describes a constant electromagnetic background with a preferred direction in the universe, and defines the entire lifetime of the universe as a simple function of the negative cosmological constant. According to our solution the absolute value of this constant should be considerably lower than that recently estimated, when astrophysical data are taken into account. Our solution is a special case of that published by Bertotti in 1959. His solution (in terms of which the cosmological constant and the background electromagnetic field are independent) and its two other special cases, i.e. the conformally flat Robinson solution (1959) and the one which is the counterpart of our solution with the positive cosmological constant, are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Sep 1998 16:08:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Nov 2000 14:30:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kowalczynski", "J. K.", "", "Instute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences" ] ]
An exact solution of the current-free Einstein-Maxwell equations with the cosmological constant is presented. The solution is of Petrov type D, includes the negative cosmological constant, and could be a ``background addition'' to the present-day models of the universe. It has a surprising property such that its electromagnetic field and cosmological constant are interdependent (this constant is proportional to the energy density of this field), which may suggest a new way of measuring the constant in question. The solution describes a constant electromagnetic background with a preferred direction in the universe, and defines the entire lifetime of the universe as a simple function of the negative cosmological constant. According to our solution the absolute value of this constant should be considerably lower than that recently estimated, when astrophysical data are taken into account. Our solution is a special case of that published by Bertotti in 1959. His solution (in terms of which the cosmological constant and the background electromagnetic field are independent) and its two other special cases, i.e. the conformally flat Robinson solution (1959) and the one which is the counterpart of our solution with the positive cosmological constant, are briefly discussed.