id
stringlengths
9
13
submitter
stringlengths
1
64
authors
stringlengths
5
22.9k
title
stringlengths
4
245
comments
stringlengths
1
548
journal-ref
stringlengths
4
362
doi
stringlengths
12
82
report-no
stringlengths
2
281
categories
stringclasses
793 values
license
stringclasses
9 values
orig_abstract
stringlengths
24
1.95k
versions
listlengths
1
30
update_date
stringlengths
10
10
authors_parsed
listlengths
1
1.74k
abstract
stringlengths
21
1.95k
2007.05064
Fabio D'Ambrosio
Fabio D'Ambrosio and Lavinia Heisenberg
Classification of Primary Constraints of Quadratic Non-Metricity Theories of Gravity
8 pages, 3 tables, 1 figure
null
10.1007/JHEP02(2021)170
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform the ADM decomposition of a five-parameter family of quadratic non-metricity theories and study their conjugate momenta. After systematically identifying all possible conditions which can be imposed on the parameters such that different sets of primary constraints arise, we find that the five-parametric theory space can be compartmentalized into nine different sectors, based on the presence or absence of primary constraints. This classification allows to dismiss certain classes of theories as unphysical and invites further investigations into the remaining sectors, which may contain phenomenologically interesting modifications of General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Jul 2020 21:03:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Dec 2020 20:18:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-03-17
[ [ "D'Ambrosio", "Fabio", "" ], [ "Heisenberg", "Lavinia", "" ] ]
We perform the ADM decomposition of a five-parameter family of quadratic non-metricity theories and study their conjugate momenta. After systematically identifying all possible conditions which can be imposed on the parameters such that different sets of primary constraints arise, we find that the five-parametric theory space can be compartmentalized into nine different sectors, based on the presence or absence of primary constraints. This classification allows to dismiss certain classes of theories as unphysical and invites further investigations into the remaining sectors, which may contain phenomenologically interesting modifications of General Relativity.
2212.05564
Dmitri Fursaev
D.V. Fursaev and I.G. Pirozhenko
Electrodynamics under Action of Null Cosmic Strings
22 pages, 11 figures, new figure added
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.025018
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A method to study electromagnetic (EM) effects generated by a straight null cosmic string moving in classical EM fields is suggested. The string is shown to induce an additional EM field which can be described as a solution to homogeneous Maxwell equations with initial data set on a null surface, the string event horizon, where the string world-sheet belongs to. The initial data ensure the required holonomy of the string space-time caused by the gravity of the string. This characteristic initial value problem is used to study interaction of plane waves with null strings and perturbations by the strings of the Coulomb fields of electric charges. It is shown that parts of an incoming EM wave crossing the string horizon from different sides of the string are refracted with respect to each other and leave behind the string a wedge-like region of interference. A null string moving near an electric charge results in two effects: it creates a self-force of the charge and induces a pulse of EM radiation traveling away from the charge in the direction close to trajectory of the string.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 Dec 2022 18:11:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 17 Dec 2022 18:30:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-02-15
[ [ "Fursaev", "D. V.", "" ], [ "Pirozhenko", "I. G.", "" ] ]
A method to study electromagnetic (EM) effects generated by a straight null cosmic string moving in classical EM fields is suggested. The string is shown to induce an additional EM field which can be described as a solution to homogeneous Maxwell equations with initial data set on a null surface, the string event horizon, where the string world-sheet belongs to. The initial data ensure the required holonomy of the string space-time caused by the gravity of the string. This characteristic initial value problem is used to study interaction of plane waves with null strings and perturbations by the strings of the Coulomb fields of electric charges. It is shown that parts of an incoming EM wave crossing the string horizon from different sides of the string are refracted with respect to each other and leave behind the string a wedge-like region of interference. A null string moving near an electric charge results in two effects: it creates a self-force of the charge and induces a pulse of EM radiation traveling away from the charge in the direction close to trajectory of the string.
2205.09112
Matteo Breschi
Matteo Breschi, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Kabir Chakravarti, Alessandro Camilletti, Aviral Prakash, Albino Perego
Kilohertz Gravitational Waves From Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Numerical-relativity Informed Postmerger Model
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present ${\tt NRPMw}$, an analytical model of gravitational-waves from neutron star merger remnants informed using 618 numerical relativity (NR) simulations. ${\tt NRPMw}$ is designed in the frequency domain using a combination of complex Gaussian wavelets. The wavelet's parameters are calibrated to equations of state (EOS) insensitive relations from NR data. The NR simulations are computed with 21 EOS (7 of which are finite-temperature microphysical models, and 3 of which contain quark phase transitions or hyperonic degrees of freedom) and span total binary masses $M\in[2.4,3.4]~{\rm M}_\odot$, mass ratios up to $q=2$, and (nonprecessing) dimensionless spins magnitudes up to ${0.2}$. The theoretical uncertainties of the EOS-insensitive relations are incorporated in ${\tt NRPMw}$ using recalibration parameters that enhance the flexibility and accuracy of the model. ${\tt NRPMw}$ is NR-faithful with fitting factors ${\gtrsim}0.9$ computed on an independent validation set of 102 simulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2022 17:59:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-19
[ [ "Breschi", "Matteo", "" ], [ "Bernuzzi", "Sebastiano", "" ], [ "Chakravarti", "Kabir", "" ], [ "Camilletti", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Prakash", "Aviral", "" ], [ "Perego", "Albino", "" ] ]
We present ${\tt NRPMw}$, an analytical model of gravitational-waves from neutron star merger remnants informed using 618 numerical relativity (NR) simulations. ${\tt NRPMw}$ is designed in the frequency domain using a combination of complex Gaussian wavelets. The wavelet's parameters are calibrated to equations of state (EOS) insensitive relations from NR data. The NR simulations are computed with 21 EOS (7 of which are finite-temperature microphysical models, and 3 of which contain quark phase transitions or hyperonic degrees of freedom) and span total binary masses $M\in[2.4,3.4]~{\rm M}_\odot$, mass ratios up to $q=2$, and (nonprecessing) dimensionless spins magnitudes up to ${0.2}$. The theoretical uncertainties of the EOS-insensitive relations are incorporated in ${\tt NRPMw}$ using recalibration parameters that enhance the flexibility and accuracy of the model. ${\tt NRPMw}$ is NR-faithful with fitting factors ${\gtrsim}0.9$ computed on an independent validation set of 102 simulations.
1801.08396
Magd Elias Kahil
Magd E. Kahil
Dark Matter: The Problem of Motion
17 LaTex pages
null
10.1134/S020228931903006X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Equations of non-geodesic and non-geodesic deviations for different particles are obtained, using a specific type of classes of the Bazanski Lagrangian. Such type of paths has been found to describe the problem of variable mass in the presence of Riemannian geometry. This may give rise to detect the effect of dark matter which reveals the mystery of motion of celestial objects that are not responding neither to Newtonian nor Einsteinian gravity. An important link between non-geodesic equations and the dipolar particle or fluids has been introduced to apply the concept of geometization of physics. This concept has been already extended to represent the hydrodynamic equations in a geometric way. Such an approach, demands to seek for an appropriate theory of gravity able to describe different regions, eligible for detecting dark matter. Using different versions of bi-metric theory of gravity, to examine their associate non-geodesic paths. Due to implementing the geometrization concept, the stability problem of non-geodesic equations are essential to be studied for detecting the behavior of those objects in the presence of dark matter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Jan 2018 13:34:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 Feb 2018 00:54:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Apr 2019 08:26:29 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-09-04
[ [ "Kahil", "Magd E.", "" ] ]
Equations of non-geodesic and non-geodesic deviations for different particles are obtained, using a specific type of classes of the Bazanski Lagrangian. Such type of paths has been found to describe the problem of variable mass in the presence of Riemannian geometry. This may give rise to detect the effect of dark matter which reveals the mystery of motion of celestial objects that are not responding neither to Newtonian nor Einsteinian gravity. An important link between non-geodesic equations and the dipolar particle or fluids has been introduced to apply the concept of geometization of physics. This concept has been already extended to represent the hydrodynamic equations in a geometric way. Such an approach, demands to seek for an appropriate theory of gravity able to describe different regions, eligible for detecting dark matter. Using different versions of bi-metric theory of gravity, to examine their associate non-geodesic paths. Due to implementing the geometrization concept, the stability problem of non-geodesic equations are essential to be studied for detecting the behavior of those objects in the presence of dark matter.
2112.06312
Branko Dragovich
Ivan Dimitrijevic, Branko Dragovich, Zoran Rakic and Jelena Stankovic
New Cosmological Solutions of a Nonlocal Gravity Model
18 pages, submitted to the journal Symmetry
Symmetry 2022, 14, 3
10.3390/sym14010003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A nonlocal gravity model (2.1) was introduced and considered recently [49], and two exact cosmological solutions in flat space were presented. The first solution is related to some radiation effects generated by nonlocal dynamics on dark energy background, while the second one is a nonsingular time symmetric bounce. In the present paper we investigate other possible exact cosmological solutions and find some the new ones in nonflat space. Used nonlocal gravity dynamics can change background topology. To solve the corresponding eqations of motion, we first look for a solution of the eigenvalue problem $\Box (R -4\Lambda) = q\ (R - 4\Lambda) .$ We also discuss possible extension of this model with nonlocal operator symmetric under $\Box \longleftrightarrow \Box^{-1}$ and its connection with another interesting nonlocal gravity model.
[ { "created": "Sun, 12 Dec 2021 20:05:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-07
[ [ "Dimitrijevic", "Ivan", "" ], [ "Dragovich", "Branko", "" ], [ "Rakic", "Zoran", "" ], [ "Stankovic", "Jelena", "" ] ]
A nonlocal gravity model (2.1) was introduced and considered recently [49], and two exact cosmological solutions in flat space were presented. The first solution is related to some radiation effects generated by nonlocal dynamics on dark energy background, while the second one is a nonsingular time symmetric bounce. In the present paper we investigate other possible exact cosmological solutions and find some the new ones in nonflat space. Used nonlocal gravity dynamics can change background topology. To solve the corresponding eqations of motion, we first look for a solution of the eigenvalue problem $\Box (R -4\Lambda) = q\ (R - 4\Lambda) .$ We also discuss possible extension of this model with nonlocal operator symmetric under $\Box \longleftrightarrow \Box^{-1}$ and its connection with another interesting nonlocal gravity model.
2212.11437
Xuefeng Zhang
Lu Zheng, Shutao Yang, Xuefeng Zhang
Doppler effect in TianQin time-delay interferometry
10 pages, 11 figures, revised to match the version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 108, 022001 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.022001
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The current design of space-based gravitational wave detectors utilizes heterodyne laser interferometry in inter-satellite science measurements. Frequency variations of the heterodyne beatnotes are predominantly caused by the Doppler effect from relative satellite motion along lines of sight. Generally considered to be outside the measurement band, this Doppler frequency shift appears to have been overlooked in numerical simulations of time-delay interferometry (TDI). However, the potential impact on the implementation of TDI should be assessed. The issue is particularly relevant to TianQin that features geocentric orbits, because of strong gravity disturbances from the Earth-Moon system at frequencies $<1\times 10^{-4}$ Hz. In this proof-of-principle study, based on high-precision orbital data obtained from detailed gravity field modeling, we incorporate the Doppler shift in the generation of TianQin's beatnote phase signals. To remove the large-scale Doppler phase drift at frequencies $<1\times 10^{-4}$ Hz, we develop a high-performance high-pass filter and consider two possible processing sequences, i.e., applying the filter before or after TDI combinations. Our simulation results favor the former and demonstrate successful removal of the low-frequency gravity disturbances for TianQin without degrading the TDI performance, assuming 10 m pseudo-ranging uncertainty. The filtering scheme can be used in developing the initial noise-reduction pipeline for TianQin.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Dec 2022 01:02:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Jul 2023 01:50:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-07-19
[ [ "Zheng", "Lu", "" ], [ "Yang", "Shutao", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xuefeng", "" ] ]
The current design of space-based gravitational wave detectors utilizes heterodyne laser interferometry in inter-satellite science measurements. Frequency variations of the heterodyne beatnotes are predominantly caused by the Doppler effect from relative satellite motion along lines of sight. Generally considered to be outside the measurement band, this Doppler frequency shift appears to have been overlooked in numerical simulations of time-delay interferometry (TDI). However, the potential impact on the implementation of TDI should be assessed. The issue is particularly relevant to TianQin that features geocentric orbits, because of strong gravity disturbances from the Earth-Moon system at frequencies $<1\times 10^{-4}$ Hz. In this proof-of-principle study, based on high-precision orbital data obtained from detailed gravity field modeling, we incorporate the Doppler shift in the generation of TianQin's beatnote phase signals. To remove the large-scale Doppler phase drift at frequencies $<1\times 10^{-4}$ Hz, we develop a high-performance high-pass filter and consider two possible processing sequences, i.e., applying the filter before or after TDI combinations. Our simulation results favor the former and demonstrate successful removal of the low-frequency gravity disturbances for TianQin without degrading the TDI performance, assuming 10 m pseudo-ranging uncertainty. The filtering scheme can be used in developing the initial noise-reduction pipeline for TianQin.
1004.3937
Fabio Dahia
F. Dahia and P. J. Felix da Silva
Static Observers in Curved Spaces and Non-inertial Frames in Minkowski Spacetime
28 pages, 4 figures.
null
10.1007/s10714-010-1086-1
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Static observers in curved spacetimes may interpret their proper acceleration as the opposite of a local gravitational field (in the Newtonian sense). Based on this interpretation and motivated by the equivalence principle, we are led to investigate congruences of timelike curves in Minkowski spacetime whose acceleration field coincides with the acceleration field of static observers of curved spaces. The congruences give rise to non-inertial frames that are examined. Specifically we find, based on the locality principle, the embedding of simultaneity hypersurfaces adapted to the non-inertial frame in an explicit form for arbitrary acceleration fields. We also determine, from the Einstein equations, a covariant field equation that regulates the behavior of the proper acceleration of static observers in curved spacetimes. It corresponds to an exact relativistic version of the Newtonian gravitational field equation. In the specific case in which the level surfaces of the norm of the acceleration field of the static observers are maximally symmetric two-dimensional spaces, the energy-momentum tensor of the source is analyzed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Apr 2010 14:52:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-18
[ [ "Dahia", "F.", "" ], [ "da Silva", "P. J. Felix", "" ] ]
Static observers in curved spacetimes may interpret their proper acceleration as the opposite of a local gravitational field (in the Newtonian sense). Based on this interpretation and motivated by the equivalence principle, we are led to investigate congruences of timelike curves in Minkowski spacetime whose acceleration field coincides with the acceleration field of static observers of curved spaces. The congruences give rise to non-inertial frames that are examined. Specifically we find, based on the locality principle, the embedding of simultaneity hypersurfaces adapted to the non-inertial frame in an explicit form for arbitrary acceleration fields. We also determine, from the Einstein equations, a covariant field equation that regulates the behavior of the proper acceleration of static observers in curved spacetimes. It corresponds to an exact relativistic version of the Newtonian gravitational field equation. In the specific case in which the level surfaces of the norm of the acceleration field of the static observers are maximally symmetric two-dimensional spaces, the energy-momentum tensor of the source is analyzed.
gr-qc/0304061
Grigori Volovik
G.E. Volovik
Phenomenology of effective gravity
LaTeX file, 29 pages, no figures, prepared for proceedings of the COSLAB school in Krakow, 2002; discussion on energy-momentum tensor is extended, references are added
in: Patterns of Symmetry Breaking, H. Arodz et al. (eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers (2003), pp. 381--404
null
null
gr-qc cond-mat hep-ph
null
The cosmological constant is not an absolute constant. The gravitating part of the vacuum energy is adjusted to the energy density of matter and to other types of the perturbations of the vacuum. We discuss how the vacuum energy responds (i) to the curvature of space in the Einstein closed Universe; (ii) to the expansion rate in the de Sitter Universe; and (iii) to the rotation in the Goedel Universe. In all these steady state Universes, the gravitating vacuum energy is zero in the absence of the perturbation, and is proportional to the energy density of perturbation. This is in a full agreement with the thermodynamic Gibbs-Duhem relation applicable to any quantum vacuum. It demonstrates that (i) the cosmological constant is not huge, since according to the Gibbs-Duhem relation the contribution of zero point fluctuations to the vacuum energy is cancelled by the trans-Planckian degrees of freedom; (ii) the cosmological constant is non-zero, since the perturbations of the vacuum state induce the non-zero vacuum energy; and (iii) the gravitating vacuum energy is on the order of the energy density of matter and/or of other perturbations. We also consider the vacuum response to the non-steady-state perturbations. In this case the Einstein equations are modified to include the non-covariant corrections, which are responsible for the relaxation of the cosmological constant. The connection to the quintessence is demonstrated. The problem of the energy-momentum tensor for the gravitational field is discussed in terms of effective gravity. The difference between the momentum and pseudo-momentum of gravitational waves in general relativity is similar to that for sound waves in hydrodynamics.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Apr 2003 13:13:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 Apr 2003 12:11:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 May 2003 13:46:01 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Volovik", "G. E.", "" ] ]
The cosmological constant is not an absolute constant. The gravitating part of the vacuum energy is adjusted to the energy density of matter and to other types of the perturbations of the vacuum. We discuss how the vacuum energy responds (i) to the curvature of space in the Einstein closed Universe; (ii) to the expansion rate in the de Sitter Universe; and (iii) to the rotation in the Goedel Universe. In all these steady state Universes, the gravitating vacuum energy is zero in the absence of the perturbation, and is proportional to the energy density of perturbation. This is in a full agreement with the thermodynamic Gibbs-Duhem relation applicable to any quantum vacuum. It demonstrates that (i) the cosmological constant is not huge, since according to the Gibbs-Duhem relation the contribution of zero point fluctuations to the vacuum energy is cancelled by the trans-Planckian degrees of freedom; (ii) the cosmological constant is non-zero, since the perturbations of the vacuum state induce the non-zero vacuum energy; and (iii) the gravitating vacuum energy is on the order of the energy density of matter and/or of other perturbations. We also consider the vacuum response to the non-steady-state perturbations. In this case the Einstein equations are modified to include the non-covariant corrections, which are responsible for the relaxation of the cosmological constant. The connection to the quintessence is demonstrated. The problem of the energy-momentum tensor for the gravitational field is discussed in terms of effective gravity. The difference between the momentum and pseudo-momentum of gravitational waves in general relativity is similar to that for sound waves in hydrodynamics.
1111.0263
Papantonopoulos Eleftherios
Theodoros Kolyvaris, George Koutsoumbas, Eleftherios Papantonopoulos and George Siopsis
Scalar Hair from a Derivative Coupling of a Scalar Field to the Einstein Tensor
24 pages, 13 figures, title changed, improved discussion of the first order perturbative analysis, reference added, published version
null
10.1088/0264-9381/29/20/205011
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
We consider a gravitating system of vanishing cosmological constant consisting of an electromagnetic field and a scalar field coupled to the Einstein tensor. A Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole undergoes a second-order phase transition to a hairy black hole of generally anisotropic hair at a certain critical temperature which we compute. The no-hair theorem is evaded due to the coupling between the scalar field and the Einstein tensor. Within a first order perturbative approach we calculate explicitly the properties of a hairy black hole configuration near the critical temperature and show that it is energetically favorable over the corresponding Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Nov 2011 18:21:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Aug 2012 18:54:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-03
[ [ "Kolyvaris", "Theodoros", "" ], [ "Koutsoumbas", "George", "" ], [ "Papantonopoulos", "Eleftherios", "" ], [ "Siopsis", "George", "" ] ]
We consider a gravitating system of vanishing cosmological constant consisting of an electromagnetic field and a scalar field coupled to the Einstein tensor. A Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole undergoes a second-order phase transition to a hairy black hole of generally anisotropic hair at a certain critical temperature which we compute. The no-hair theorem is evaded due to the coupling between the scalar field and the Einstein tensor. Within a first order perturbative approach we calculate explicitly the properties of a hairy black hole configuration near the critical temperature and show that it is energetically favorable over the corresponding Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole.
1306.4899
Sante Carloni Dr
C. Garc\'ia-Meca, S. Carloni, C. Barcel\'o, G. Jannes, J. S\'anchez-Dehesa, A. Mart\'inez
Spacetime transformation acoustics
10 pages, 2 figures, published in Wave Motion 51, 785-797 (2014)
null
10.1016/j.wavemoti.2014.01.008
null
gr-qc cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A recently proposed analogue transformation method has allowed the extension of transformation acoustics to general spacetime transformations. We analyze here in detail the differences between this new analogue transformation acoustics (ATA) method and the standard one (STA). We show explicitly that STA is not suitable for transformations that mix space and time. ATA takes as starting point the acoustic equation for the velocity potential, instead of that for the pressure as in STA. This velocity-potential equation by itself already allows for some transformations mixing space and time, but not all of them. We explicitly obtain the entire set of transformations that do not leave its form invariant. It is in these cases that ATA shows its true potential, allowing for building a transformation acoustics method that enables the full range of spacetime transformations. We provide an example of an important transformation which cannot be achieved with STA. Using this transformation, we design and simulate an acoustic frequency converter via the ATA approach. Furthermore, in those cases in which one can apply both the STA and ATA approaches, we study the different transformational properties of the corresponding physical quantities.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Jun 2013 14:55:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Jul 2014 09:59:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-09
[ [ "García-Meca", "C.", "" ], [ "Carloni", "S.", "" ], [ "Barceló", "C.", "" ], [ "Jannes", "G.", "" ], [ "Sánchez-Dehesa", "J.", "" ], [ "Martínez", "A.", "" ] ]
A recently proposed analogue transformation method has allowed the extension of transformation acoustics to general spacetime transformations. We analyze here in detail the differences between this new analogue transformation acoustics (ATA) method and the standard one (STA). We show explicitly that STA is not suitable for transformations that mix space and time. ATA takes as starting point the acoustic equation for the velocity potential, instead of that for the pressure as in STA. This velocity-potential equation by itself already allows for some transformations mixing space and time, but not all of them. We explicitly obtain the entire set of transformations that do not leave its form invariant. It is in these cases that ATA shows its true potential, allowing for building a transformation acoustics method that enables the full range of spacetime transformations. We provide an example of an important transformation which cannot be achieved with STA. Using this transformation, we design and simulate an acoustic frequency converter via the ATA approach. Furthermore, in those cases in which one can apply both the STA and ATA approaches, we study the different transformational properties of the corresponding physical quantities.
1007.4213
Richard O'Shaughnessy
Richard O'Shaughnessy (1,4), Birjoo Vaishnav (2), James Healy (3), Deirdre Shoemaker (3) ((1) Center for Gravitational Wave Physics, Penn State University, (2) Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy, The University of Texas at Brownsville, (3) Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Tech, (4) Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee)
Intrinsic selection biases of ground-based gravitational wave searches for high-mass BH-BH mergers
18 pages, 15 figures, accepted by PRD. v2 is version accepted for publication, including minor changes in response to referee feedback and updated citations
Phys.Rev.D82:104006,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.104006
LIGO DCC P1000069; IGC-10/7-2
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The next generation of ground-based gravitational wave detectors may detect a few mergers of comparable-mass M\simeq 100-1000 Msun ("intermediate-mass'', or IMBH) spinning black holes. Black hole spin is known to have a significant impact on the orbit, merger signal, and post-merger ringdown of any binary with non-negligible spin. In particular, the detection volume for spinning binaries depends significantly on the component black hole spins. We provide a fit to the single-detector and isotropic-network detection volume versus (total) mass and arbitrary spin for equal-mass binaries. Our analysis assumes matched filtering to all significant available waveform power (up to l=6 available for fitting, but only l<= 4 significant) estimated by an array of 64 numerical simulations with component spins as large as S_{1,2}/M^2 <= 0.8. We provide a spin-dependent estimate of our uncertainty, up to S_{1,2}/M^2 <= 1. For the initial (advanced) LIGO detector, our fits are reliable for $M\in[100,500]M_\odot$ ($M\in[100,1600]M_\odot$). In the online version of this article, we also provide fits assuming incomplete information, such as the neglect of higher-order harmonics. We briefly discuss how a strong selection bias towards aligned spins influences the interpretation of future gravitational wave detections of IMBH-IMBH mergers.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Jul 2010 20:45:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Oct 2010 17:02:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-11-11
[ [ "O'Shaughnessy", "Richard", "" ], [ "Vaishnav", "Birjoo", "" ], [ "Healy", "James", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "Deirdre", "" ] ]
The next generation of ground-based gravitational wave detectors may detect a few mergers of comparable-mass M\simeq 100-1000 Msun ("intermediate-mass'', or IMBH) spinning black holes. Black hole spin is known to have a significant impact on the orbit, merger signal, and post-merger ringdown of any binary with non-negligible spin. In particular, the detection volume for spinning binaries depends significantly on the component black hole spins. We provide a fit to the single-detector and isotropic-network detection volume versus (total) mass and arbitrary spin for equal-mass binaries. Our analysis assumes matched filtering to all significant available waveform power (up to l=6 available for fitting, but only l<= 4 significant) estimated by an array of 64 numerical simulations with component spins as large as S_{1,2}/M^2 <= 0.8. We provide a spin-dependent estimate of our uncertainty, up to S_{1,2}/M^2 <= 1. For the initial (advanced) LIGO detector, our fits are reliable for $M\in[100,500]M_\odot$ ($M\in[100,1600]M_\odot$). In the online version of this article, we also provide fits assuming incomplete information, such as the neglect of higher-order harmonics. We briefly discuss how a strong selection bias towards aligned spins influences the interpretation of future gravitational wave detections of IMBH-IMBH mergers.
1809.09820
Ernesto Contreras
Ernesto Contreras and Pedro Bargue\~no
Minimal Geometric Deformation in asymptotically (A-)dS space-times and the isotropic sector for a polytropic black hole
5 pages, typos corrected, references added
Eur. Phys. J. C 79, 985 (2018)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6472-y
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the context of the Minimal Geometric Deformation method, in this paper we implement the inverse problem in a black hole scenario. In order to deal with an anisotropic polytropic black hole solution of the Einstein field equations with cosmological constant, the deformation method is slightly extended. After obtaining the isotropic sector and the decoupler for an anisotropic (A-)dS polytropic black hole solution, we emphasize a possible relation between anisotropization/isotropization and the violation of the energy conditions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Sep 2018 06:15:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Sep 2018 13:40:16 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Dec 2018 13:06:29 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-12-04
[ [ "Contreras", "Ernesto", "" ], [ "Bargueño", "Pedro", "" ] ]
In the context of the Minimal Geometric Deformation method, in this paper we implement the inverse problem in a black hole scenario. In order to deal with an anisotropic polytropic black hole solution of the Einstein field equations with cosmological constant, the deformation method is slightly extended. After obtaining the isotropic sector and the decoupler for an anisotropic (A-)dS polytropic black hole solution, we emphasize a possible relation between anisotropization/isotropization and the violation of the energy conditions.
1004.3559
Andrei V. Frolov
Andrei V. Frolov
Non-linear Dynamics and Primordial Curvature Perturbations from Preheating
15 pages, 10 figures; review for CQG special issue
Class.Quant.Grav.27:124006,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/12/124006
SCG-2010-04
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper I review the theory and numerical simulations of non-linear dynamics of preheating, a stage of dynamical instability at the end of inflation during which homogeneous inflaton explosively decays and deposits its energy into excitation of other matter fields. I focus on preheating in chaotic inflation models, which proceeds via broad parametric resonance. I describe a simple method to evaluate Floquet exponents, calculating stability diagrams of Mathieu and Lame equations describing development of instability in $m^2\phi^2$ and $\lambda\phi^4$ preheating models. I discuss basic numerical methods and issues, and present simulation results highlighting non-equilibrium transitions, topological defect formation, late-time universality, turbulent scaling and approach to thermalization. I explain how preheating can generate large-scale primordial (non-Gaussian) curvature fluctuations manifest in cosmic microwave background anisotropy and large scale structure, and discuss potentially observable signatures of preheating.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Apr 2010 20:21:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 May 2010 19:56:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-14
[ [ "Frolov", "Andrei V.", "" ] ]
In this paper I review the theory and numerical simulations of non-linear dynamics of preheating, a stage of dynamical instability at the end of inflation during which homogeneous inflaton explosively decays and deposits its energy into excitation of other matter fields. I focus on preheating in chaotic inflation models, which proceeds via broad parametric resonance. I describe a simple method to evaluate Floquet exponents, calculating stability diagrams of Mathieu and Lame equations describing development of instability in $m^2\phi^2$ and $\lambda\phi^4$ preheating models. I discuss basic numerical methods and issues, and present simulation results highlighting non-equilibrium transitions, topological defect formation, late-time universality, turbulent scaling and approach to thermalization. I explain how preheating can generate large-scale primordial (non-Gaussian) curvature fluctuations manifest in cosmic microwave background anisotropy and large scale structure, and discuss potentially observable signatures of preheating.
2004.06276
Daichi Tsuna
Naritaka Oshita, Daichi Tsuna, Niayesh Afshordi
Quantum Black Hole Seismology II: Applications to Astrophysical Black Holes
14 pages, 14 figures. NO and DT equally contributed to this work. Accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 102, 024046 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.024046
RESCEU-5/20
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
With the advent of gravitational wave astronomy, searching for gravitational wave echoes from black holes (BHs) is becoming an interesting probe of their quantum nature near their horizons. Newborn BHs may be strong emitters of echoes, as they accompany large perturbations in the surrounding spacetime upon formation. Utilizing the Quantum Black Hole Seismology framework (Oshita et al. 2020), we study the expected echoes upon BH formation resulting from neutron star mergers and failed supernovae. For BH remnants from neutron star mergers, we evaluate the consistency of these models with the recent claim on the existence of echoes following the neutron star merger event GW170817. We find that the claimed echoes in GW170817, if real, suggest that overtones contribute a significant amount of energy in the ringdown of the remnant BH. We finally discuss the detectability of echoes from failed supernovae by second and third-generation gravitational wave detectors, and find that current (future) detectors constrain physical reflectivity models for events occurring within a few Mpc (a few x 10 Mpc). Detecting such echo signals may significantly constrain the maximum mass and equation of state of neutron stars.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Apr 2020 02:42:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Jul 2020 01:28:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-22
[ [ "Oshita", "Naritaka", "" ], [ "Tsuna", "Daichi", "" ], [ "Afshordi", "Niayesh", "" ] ]
With the advent of gravitational wave astronomy, searching for gravitational wave echoes from black holes (BHs) is becoming an interesting probe of their quantum nature near their horizons. Newborn BHs may be strong emitters of echoes, as they accompany large perturbations in the surrounding spacetime upon formation. Utilizing the Quantum Black Hole Seismology framework (Oshita et al. 2020), we study the expected echoes upon BH formation resulting from neutron star mergers and failed supernovae. For BH remnants from neutron star mergers, we evaluate the consistency of these models with the recent claim on the existence of echoes following the neutron star merger event GW170817. We find that the claimed echoes in GW170817, if real, suggest that overtones contribute a significant amount of energy in the ringdown of the remnant BH. We finally discuss the detectability of echoes from failed supernovae by second and third-generation gravitational wave detectors, and find that current (future) detectors constrain physical reflectivity models for events occurring within a few Mpc (a few x 10 Mpc). Detecting such echo signals may significantly constrain the maximum mass and equation of state of neutron stars.
2405.06565
Masroor C. Pookkillath
Masroor C. Pookkillath, Kazuya Koyama
Theory of interacting vector dark energy and fluid
25 pages, 5 figures, revtex
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work, we study interaction between dark energy and dark matter, where dark energy is described by a massive vector field, and dark matter is modelled as a fluid. We present new interaction term, which affects only perturbations and can give interesting phenomenology. Then we present a general Lagrangian for the interacting vector dark energy with dark matter. For the dark energy, we choose Proca theory with $G_{3}$ term to study its phenomenological consequence. For this model, we explore both background and perturbation dynamics. We also present the no-ghost condition for tensor modes and scalar modes. Subsequently, we also study the evolution of the overdensities of both baryon and cold dark matter in the high$-k$ limit. We show that the effective gravitational coupling is modified for cold dark matter and baryon. We also choose a simple concrete model and numerically show a suppression in the growth of cold dark matter overdensity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 May 2024 16:09:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-13
[ [ "Pookkillath", "Masroor C.", "" ], [ "Koyama", "Kazuya", "" ] ]
In this work, we study interaction between dark energy and dark matter, where dark energy is described by a massive vector field, and dark matter is modelled as a fluid. We present new interaction term, which affects only perturbations and can give interesting phenomenology. Then we present a general Lagrangian for the interacting vector dark energy with dark matter. For the dark energy, we choose Proca theory with $G_{3}$ term to study its phenomenological consequence. For this model, we explore both background and perturbation dynamics. We also present the no-ghost condition for tensor modes and scalar modes. Subsequently, we also study the evolution of the overdensities of both baryon and cold dark matter in the high$-k$ limit. We show that the effective gravitational coupling is modified for cold dark matter and baryon. We also choose a simple concrete model and numerically show a suppression in the growth of cold dark matter overdensity.
2112.14273
Puskar Mondal
Puskar Mondal
Local well-posedness of the Einstein-Yang-Mills system in CMCSHGC gauge
32 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study the local well-posedness of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations in constant mean extrinsic curvature spatial harmonic generalized Coulomb gauge (CMCSHGC). In this choice of gauge, the complete Einstein-Yang-Mills equations reduce to a coupled elliptic-hyperbolic system. Utilizing the method developed by Andersson and Moncrief \cite{andersson2003elliptic}, we establish the existence of a unique, local, continuous-in-time solution of this coupled system. This yields an `in time' continuation criteria of the solutions which is to be used in the potential future proof of an improved continuation criteria for this coupled system utilizing Moncrief's light cone estimate technique.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Dec 2021 19:18:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-30
[ [ "Mondal", "Puskar", "" ] ]
We study the local well-posedness of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations in constant mean extrinsic curvature spatial harmonic generalized Coulomb gauge (CMCSHGC). In this choice of gauge, the complete Einstein-Yang-Mills equations reduce to a coupled elliptic-hyperbolic system. Utilizing the method developed by Andersson and Moncrief \cite{andersson2003elliptic}, we establish the existence of a unique, local, continuous-in-time solution of this coupled system. This yields an `in time' continuation criteria of the solutions which is to be used in the potential future proof of an improved continuation criteria for this coupled system utilizing Moncrief's light cone estimate technique.
2405.09468
Dimitrios Pesios
Dimitrios Pesios, Ioannis Koutalios, Dimitris Kugiumtzis, Nikolaos Stergioulas
Predicting Binary Neutron Star Postmerger Spectra Using Artificial Neural Networks
20 pages, 12 figures, to be submitted to PRD
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational waves in the postmerger phase of binary neutron star mergers may become detectable with planned upgrades of existing gravitational-wave detectors or with more sensitive next-generation detectors. The construction of template banks for the postmerger phase can facilitate signal detection and parameter estimation. Here, we investigate the performance of an artificial neural network in predicting simulation-based waveforms in the frequency domain (restricted to the magnitude of the frequency spectrum and to equal-mass models) that depend on three parameters that can be inferred through observations, neutron star mass, tidal deformability, and the gradient of radius versus mass. Compared to a baseline study using multiple linear regression, we find that the artificial neural network can predict waveforms with higher accuracy and more consistent performance in a cross-validation study. We also demonstrate, through a recalibration procedure, that future reduction of uncertainties in empirical relations that are used in our hierarchical scheme will result in more accurate predicted postmerger spectra.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 May 2024 16:03:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-16
[ [ "Pesios", "Dimitrios", "" ], [ "Koutalios", "Ioannis", "" ], [ "Kugiumtzis", "Dimitris", "" ], [ "Stergioulas", "Nikolaos", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves in the postmerger phase of binary neutron star mergers may become detectable with planned upgrades of existing gravitational-wave detectors or with more sensitive next-generation detectors. The construction of template banks for the postmerger phase can facilitate signal detection and parameter estimation. Here, we investigate the performance of an artificial neural network in predicting simulation-based waveforms in the frequency domain (restricted to the magnitude of the frequency spectrum and to equal-mass models) that depend on three parameters that can be inferred through observations, neutron star mass, tidal deformability, and the gradient of radius versus mass. Compared to a baseline study using multiple linear regression, we find that the artificial neural network can predict waveforms with higher accuracy and more consistent performance in a cross-validation study. We also demonstrate, through a recalibration procedure, that future reduction of uncertainties in empirical relations that are used in our hierarchical scheme will result in more accurate predicted postmerger spectra.
1902.01017
Jian-Yang Zhu
Xi-Bin Li, Xiao-Gang Zheng and Jian-Yang Zhu
Spectra and entropy of multi-field warm inflation
12 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev.D99,043528(2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.043528
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the power spectra and entropy of two-field warm inflationary scenario with canonical condition which is described by many-dimensional stochastic differential equations. The field perturbations are analytically calculated via a Volterra integral equation of the second kind, based on which we obtain a spectra with leading order and first order of slow-roll parameters. We also find the evolutions of background are not independent but relying on dissipative coefficients, which is distinguished from that in cold inflation. Then, we calculate the entropy on the basis of statistical physics theory by introducing an entropy matrix. On super-horizon scale, the entropy matrix follows the fluctuation-dissipation relation consistent with the scale-invariance of spectra or the stationarity of field perturbations. The entropy perturbation vanishes at both super-horizon and sub-horizon scale, while narrow peaks generate at a specific scale which could be considered as horizon. In addition, the second law of thermodynamics is followed as well.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Feb 2019 02:53:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-03-12
[ [ "Li", "Xi-Bin", "" ], [ "Zheng", "Xiao-Gang", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Jian-Yang", "" ] ]
We study the power spectra and entropy of two-field warm inflationary scenario with canonical condition which is described by many-dimensional stochastic differential equations. The field perturbations are analytically calculated via a Volterra integral equation of the second kind, based on which we obtain a spectra with leading order and first order of slow-roll parameters. We also find the evolutions of background are not independent but relying on dissipative coefficients, which is distinguished from that in cold inflation. Then, we calculate the entropy on the basis of statistical physics theory by introducing an entropy matrix. On super-horizon scale, the entropy matrix follows the fluctuation-dissipation relation consistent with the scale-invariance of spectra or the stationarity of field perturbations. The entropy perturbation vanishes at both super-horizon and sub-horizon scale, while narrow peaks generate at a specific scale which could be considered as horizon. In addition, the second law of thermodynamics is followed as well.
gr-qc/9909033
Randall Guedes Teixeira
J. T. Lunardi, B. M. Pimentel, R. G. Teixeira (Sao Paulo, IFT)
Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in Riemannian space-times
LaTex, 23 pages, no figures. Minor misprints in version 2 corrected. Final version published
Published in Geometrical Aspects of Quantum Fields, ed. by, A.A. Bytsenko, A.E. Golcalves and B.M. Pimentel, World Scientific, 2001. pp 111. ISBN 9810245025
10.1142/9789812810366_fmatter
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In this work we analyze the generalization of Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation to the case of Riemannian space-times and show that the usual results for Klein-Gordon and Proca equations in Riemannian space-times can be fully recovered when one selects, respectively, the spin 0 and 1 sectors of Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau theory.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 Sep 1999 01:52:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Mar 2000 22:11:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Mar 2001 20:27:35 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-05-19
[ [ "Lunardi", "J. T.", "", "Sao Paulo, IFT" ], [ "Pimentel", "B. M.", "", "Sao Paulo, IFT" ], [ "Teixeira", "R. G.", "", "Sao Paulo, IFT" ] ]
In this work we analyze the generalization of Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation to the case of Riemannian space-times and show that the usual results for Klein-Gordon and Proca equations in Riemannian space-times can be fully recovered when one selects, respectively, the spin 0 and 1 sectors of Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau theory.
gr-qc/0407112
Dr. Anirudh Pradhan
Anirudh Pradhan and Purnima Pandey
Some Bianchi Type I Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models with a Variable Cosmological Constant
16 pages
Astrophys.Space Sci. 301 (2006) 127-134
10.1007/s10509-006-0141-6
null
gr-qc
null
Some Bianchi type I viscous fluid cosmological models with a variable cosmological constant are investigated in which the expansion is considered only in two direction i.e. one of the Hubble parameter $(H_{1} = \frac{A_{4}}{A})$ is zero. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is considered as constant in first case whereas in other case it is taken as proportional to scale of expansion in the model. The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time which is supported by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Jul 2004 10:38:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Pradhan", "Anirudh", "" ], [ "Pandey", "Purnima", "" ] ]
Some Bianchi type I viscous fluid cosmological models with a variable cosmological constant are investigated in which the expansion is considered only in two direction i.e. one of the Hubble parameter $(H_{1} = \frac{A_{4}}{A})$ is zero. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is considered as constant in first case whereas in other case it is taken as proportional to scale of expansion in the model. The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time which is supported by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.
2312.11620
David Radice
Harshraj Bandyopadhyay and David Radice and Aviral Prakash and Arnab Dhani and Domenico Logoteta and Albino Perego and Rahul Kashyap
Do black holes remember what they are made of?
15 pages, 7 figures. Accepted version
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ad56ed
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the ringdown signal of black holes formed in prompt-collapse binary neutron star mergers. We analyze data from $47$ numerical relativity simulations. We show that the $(\ell=2,m=2)$ and $(\ell=2,m=1)$ multipoles of the gravitational wave signal are well fitted by decaying damped exponentials, as predicted by black-hole perturbation theory. We show that the ratio of the amplitude in the two modes depends on the progenitor binary mass ratio $q$ and reduced tidal parameter $\tilde\Lambda$. Unfortunately, the numerical uncertainty in our data is too large to fully quantify this dependency. If confirmed, these results will enable novel tests of general relativity in the presence of matter with next-generation gravitational-wave observatories.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Dec 2023 19:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Jun 2024 16:40:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-13
[ [ "Bandyopadhyay", "Harshraj", "" ], [ "Radice", "David", "" ], [ "Prakash", "Aviral", "" ], [ "Dhani", "Arnab", "" ], [ "Logoteta", "Domenico", "" ], [ "Perego", "Albino", "" ], [ "Kashyap", "Rahul", "" ] ...
We study the ringdown signal of black holes formed in prompt-collapse binary neutron star mergers. We analyze data from $47$ numerical relativity simulations. We show that the $(\ell=2,m=2)$ and $(\ell=2,m=1)$ multipoles of the gravitational wave signal are well fitted by decaying damped exponentials, as predicted by black-hole perturbation theory. We show that the ratio of the amplitude in the two modes depends on the progenitor binary mass ratio $q$ and reduced tidal parameter $\tilde\Lambda$. Unfortunately, the numerical uncertainty in our data is too large to fully quantify this dependency. If confirmed, these results will enable novel tests of general relativity in the presence of matter with next-generation gravitational-wave observatories.
1503.01888
Roberto Casadio
Roberto Casadio, Octavian Micu, Dejan Stojkovic
Inner Horizon of the Quantum Reissner-Nordstr\"om Black Holes
RevTeX4, 7 pages, 4 figures: new section about HWF added for clarity, references updated, results unchanged. Version to appear in JHEP
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the nature of the inner Cauchy horizon of a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole in a quantum context by means of the horizon wave-function obtained from modelling the electrically charged source as a Gaussian wave-function. Our main finding it that there is a significant range of black hole mass (around the Planck scale) and specific charge for which the probability of realizing the inner horizon is negligible. This result suggests that any semiclassical instability one expects near the inner horizon may not be occur in quantum black holes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Mar 2015 09:35:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Apr 2015 10:11:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-04-29
[ [ "Casadio", "Roberto", "" ], [ "Micu", "Octavian", "" ], [ "Stojkovic", "Dejan", "" ] ]
We study the nature of the inner Cauchy horizon of a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole in a quantum context by means of the horizon wave-function obtained from modelling the electrically charged source as a Gaussian wave-function. Our main finding it that there is a significant range of black hole mass (around the Planck scale) and specific charge for which the probability of realizing the inner horizon is negligible. This result suggests that any semiclassical instability one expects near the inner horizon may not be occur in quantum black holes.
2403.01490
Gang Wang
Gang Wang
Time delay interferometry with minimal null frequencies
14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Time delay interferometry (TDI) is a key technique employed in gravitational wave (GW) space missions to mitigate laser frequency noise by combining multiple laser links and establishing an equivalent equal arm interferometry. The null frequencies will be introduced in noise spectra and GW response when the periodical signal/noise is canceled in synthesized laser links. These frequencies are characteristic frequencies (CFs) of a TDI which related to its geometry of combination. In this work, we implement a second-generation TDI configuration referred to as hybrid Relay to perform noise suppressions and data analysis, whose CFs are only one-quarter that of the fiducial second-generation Michelson observables. We examine the performance of TDI configuration in laser noise cancellation and clock noise suppression and justify its essential capabilities. To assess its robustness for signal extraction, we simulate data containing GW signals from massive black hole binaries and perform parameter inferences with comparisons against the fiducial Michelson TDI configuration. The results demonstrate that the alternative TDI solution could be more robust than Michelson in fulfilling data analysis.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Mar 2024 11:57:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Jun 2024 02:57:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-26
[ [ "Wang", "Gang", "" ] ]
Time delay interferometry (TDI) is a key technique employed in gravitational wave (GW) space missions to mitigate laser frequency noise by combining multiple laser links and establishing an equivalent equal arm interferometry. The null frequencies will be introduced in noise spectra and GW response when the periodical signal/noise is canceled in synthesized laser links. These frequencies are characteristic frequencies (CFs) of a TDI which related to its geometry of combination. In this work, we implement a second-generation TDI configuration referred to as hybrid Relay to perform noise suppressions and data analysis, whose CFs are only one-quarter that of the fiducial second-generation Michelson observables. We examine the performance of TDI configuration in laser noise cancellation and clock noise suppression and justify its essential capabilities. To assess its robustness for signal extraction, we simulate data containing GW signals from massive black hole binaries and perform parameter inferences with comparisons against the fiducial Michelson TDI configuration. The results demonstrate that the alternative TDI solution could be more robust than Michelson in fulfilling data analysis.
0901.2362
Sean Gryb B
Sean B. Gryb
Implementing Mach's Principle Using Gauge Theory
31 pages, 3 figures. Clarifications added, figures and typos fixed, journal-ref updated
Phys.Rev.D80:024018,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.024018
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We reformulate an approach fist given by Barbour and Bertotti (BB) for implementing Mach's principle for nonrelativistic particles. This reformulation can deal with arbitrary symmetry groups and finite group elements. Applying these techniques to U(1) and SU(N) invariant scalar field theories, we show that BB's proposal is nearly equivalent to defining a covariant derivative using a dynamical connection. We then propose a modified version of the BB method which implements Mach's principle using gauge theory techniques and argue that this modified method is equivalent to the original. Given this connection between the particle models and Yang-Mills theories, we consider the effect of dynamic curvature as a possible generalization of the BB scheme. Since the BB method can be used as a novel way of deriving geometrodynamics, the connection with gauge theory may shed new light on the gauge properties of the gravitational field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Jan 2009 22:26:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 16 Jul 2009 15:30:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-14
[ [ "Gryb", "Sean B.", "" ] ]
We reformulate an approach fist given by Barbour and Bertotti (BB) for implementing Mach's principle for nonrelativistic particles. This reformulation can deal with arbitrary symmetry groups and finite group elements. Applying these techniques to U(1) and SU(N) invariant scalar field theories, we show that BB's proposal is nearly equivalent to defining a covariant derivative using a dynamical connection. We then propose a modified version of the BB method which implements Mach's principle using gauge theory techniques and argue that this modified method is equivalent to the original. Given this connection between the particle models and Yang-Mills theories, we consider the effect of dynamic curvature as a possible generalization of the BB scheme. Since the BB method can be used as a novel way of deriving geometrodynamics, the connection with gauge theory may shed new light on the gauge properties of the gravitational field.
1412.3424
Rafael Ferraro
Rafael Ferraro and Franco Fiorini
Remnant group of local Lorentz transformations in f(T) theories
10 pages. Minor changes. To appear in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 91, 064019 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.064019
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is shown that the extended teleparallel gravitational theories, known as f(T) theories, inherit some on shell local Lorentz invariance associated with the tetrad field defining the spacetime structure. We discuss some enlightening examples, such as Minkowski spacetime and cosmological (Friedmann-Robertson-Walker and Bianchi type I) manifolds. In the first case, we show that the absence of gravity reveals itself as an incapability in the selection of a preferred parallelization at a local level, due to the fact that the infinitesimal local Lorentz subgroup acts as a symmetry group of the frame characterizing Minkowski spacetime. Finite transformations are also discussed in these examples and, contrary to the common lore on the subject, we conclude that the set of tetrads responsible for the parallelization of these manifolds is quite vast and that the remnant group of local Lorentz transformations includes one and two dimensional Abelian subgroups of the Lorentz group.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Dec 2014 19:38:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Dec 2014 19:49:01 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Feb 2015 14:14:21 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-03-18
[ [ "Ferraro", "Rafael", "" ], [ "Fiorini", "Franco", "" ] ]
It is shown that the extended teleparallel gravitational theories, known as f(T) theories, inherit some on shell local Lorentz invariance associated with the tetrad field defining the spacetime structure. We discuss some enlightening examples, such as Minkowski spacetime and cosmological (Friedmann-Robertson-Walker and Bianchi type I) manifolds. In the first case, we show that the absence of gravity reveals itself as an incapability in the selection of a preferred parallelization at a local level, due to the fact that the infinitesimal local Lorentz subgroup acts as a symmetry group of the frame characterizing Minkowski spacetime. Finite transformations are also discussed in these examples and, contrary to the common lore on the subject, we conclude that the set of tetrads responsible for the parallelization of these manifolds is quite vast and that the remnant group of local Lorentz transformations includes one and two dimensional Abelian subgroups of the Lorentz group.
gr-qc/9902039
Ishwaree Prasad Neupane
Ishwaree P.Neupane
Planetary Perturbation with Cosmological Constant
6 pages, RevTex, some corrections on gr-qc/9812096
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A contribution of quantum vacuum to the energy momentum tensor is inevitably experienced in the present universe. One requires the presence of non-zero cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) to make the various observations consistent. A case of $\Lambda$ in the Schwarzschild de Sitter space-time shows that precession of perihelion orbit provides a sensative solar test for non-zero $\Lambda$. Application of the relations involving $\Lambda$ to the planetery perturbation indicates the values near to the present bound on $\Lambda$. Also suggested are some relations in vacuum dominated flat universe with a positive $\Lambda$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Feb 1999 05:52:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Neupane", "Ishwaree P.", "" ] ]
A contribution of quantum vacuum to the energy momentum tensor is inevitably experienced in the present universe. One requires the presence of non-zero cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) to make the various observations consistent. A case of $\Lambda$ in the Schwarzschild de Sitter space-time shows that precession of perihelion orbit provides a sensative solar test for non-zero $\Lambda$. Application of the relations involving $\Lambda$ to the planetery perturbation indicates the values near to the present bound on $\Lambda$. Also suggested are some relations in vacuum dominated flat universe with a positive $\Lambda$.
1007.4820
Neil J. Cornish
Neil J. Cornish
Fast Fisher Matrices and Lazy Likelihoods
4 pages. Simpler Implementation
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Theoretical studies in gravitational wave astronomy often require the calculation of Fisher Information Matrices and Likelihood functions, which in a direct approach entail the costly step of computing gravitational waveforms. Here I describe an alternative technique that sidesteps the need to compute full waveforms, resulting in significant computational savings. I describe how related techniques can be used to speed up Bayesian inference applied to real gravitational wave data.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Jul 2010 20:43:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 11 Aug 2010 19:51:54 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Feb 2013 19:53:45 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2013-02-07
[ [ "Cornish", "Neil J.", "" ] ]
Theoretical studies in gravitational wave astronomy often require the calculation of Fisher Information Matrices and Likelihood functions, which in a direct approach entail the costly step of computing gravitational waveforms. Here I describe an alternative technique that sidesteps the need to compute full waveforms, resulting in significant computational savings. I describe how related techniques can be used to speed up Bayesian inference applied to real gravitational wave data.
2210.08718
Chao Wang
Chao Wang, Bin Wu, Zhen Ming Xu, Wen Li Yang
Thermodynamic geometry of the RN-AdS black hole and non-local observables
13 oages, 7 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we show the relation between the thermodynamic geometry of a four-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom-AdS (RN-AdS) black hole and non-local observables in boundary field theory. Instead of introducing the critical point associating with the black hole charge to nondimensionalize the thermodynamics parameters, we use the cosmological constant to rescale these variables, so that a universal specific equation of state of the black hole is obtained. Further, the correspondence between thermodynamic properties of the black hole and the oscillating behaviors of the non-local observables has been studied numerically. Our results indicate that the study of the dual field theory will reveal to us the thermodynamic geometry of the AdS black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Oct 2022 03:19:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-10-18
[ [ "Wang", "Chao", "" ], [ "Wu", "Bin", "" ], [ "Xu", "Zhen Ming", "" ], [ "Yang", "Wen Li", "" ] ]
In this paper, we show the relation between the thermodynamic geometry of a four-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom-AdS (RN-AdS) black hole and non-local observables in boundary field theory. Instead of introducing the critical point associating with the black hole charge to nondimensionalize the thermodynamics parameters, we use the cosmological constant to rescale these variables, so that a universal specific equation of state of the black hole is obtained. Further, the correspondence between thermodynamic properties of the black hole and the oscillating behaviors of the non-local observables has been studied numerically. Our results indicate that the study of the dual field theory will reveal to us the thermodynamic geometry of the AdS black hole.
gr-qc/0512119
Mihalis Dafermos
Mihalis Dafermos and Igor Rodnianski
The red-shift effect and radiation decay on black hole spacetimes
43 pages, 8 figures
Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 62 (2009), 859-919
null
null
gr-qc math.AP
null
We consider solutions to the linear wave equation on a (maximally extended) Schwarzschild spacetime, assuming only that the solution decays suitably at spatial infinity on a complete Cauchy hypersurface. (In particular, we allow the support of the solution to contain the bifurcate event horizon.) We prove uniform decay bounds for the solution in the exterior regions, including the uniform bound Cv_+^{-1}, where v_+ denotes max{v,1} and v denotes Eddington-Finkelstein advanced time. We also prove uniform decay bounds for the flux of energy through the event horizon and null infinity. The estimates near the event horizon exploit an integral energy identity normalized to local observers. This estimate can be thought to quantify the celebrated red-shift effect. The results in particular give an independent proof of the classical uniform boundedness theorem of Kay and Wald, without recourse to the discrete isometries of spacetime.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Dec 2005 00:02:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-12-30
[ [ "Dafermos", "Mihalis", "" ], [ "Rodnianski", "Igor", "" ] ]
We consider solutions to the linear wave equation on a (maximally extended) Schwarzschild spacetime, assuming only that the solution decays suitably at spatial infinity on a complete Cauchy hypersurface. (In particular, we allow the support of the solution to contain the bifurcate event horizon.) We prove uniform decay bounds for the solution in the exterior regions, including the uniform bound Cv_+^{-1}, where v_+ denotes max{v,1} and v denotes Eddington-Finkelstein advanced time. We also prove uniform decay bounds for the flux of energy through the event horizon and null infinity. The estimates near the event horizon exploit an integral energy identity normalized to local observers. This estimate can be thought to quantify the celebrated red-shift effect. The results in particular give an independent proof of the classical uniform boundedness theorem of Kay and Wald, without recourse to the discrete isometries of spacetime.
1406.5703
Francisco Lobo
Mahdi Kord Zangeneh, Francisco S. N. Lobo, Nematollah Riazi
Higher-dimensional evolving wormholes satisfying the null energy condition
9 pages, 4 figures. V2: References added, minor corrections (including in the Flamm discussion); to appear in PRD
Phys.Rev.D90:024072,2014
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.024072
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we consider the possibility of expanding wormholes in higher-dimensions, which is an important ingredient of modern theories of fundamental physics. An important motivation is that non-trivial topological objects such as microscopic wormholes may have been enlarged to macroscopic sizes in an expanding inflationary cosmological background. Since the Ricci scalar is only a function of time in standard cosmological models, we use this property as a simplifying assumption. More specifically, we consider a particular class of wormhole solutions corresponding to the choice of a spatially homogeneous Ricci scalar. The possibility of obtaining solutions with normal and exotic matter is explored and we find a variety of solutions including those in four dimensions that satisfy the null energy condition (NEC) in specific time intervals. In particular, for five dimensions, we find solutions that satisfy the NEC throughout the respective evolution.
[ { "created": "Sun, 22 Jun 2014 11:12:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 25 Jul 2014 15:07:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-30
[ [ "Zangeneh", "Mahdi Kord", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ], [ "Riazi", "Nematollah", "" ] ]
In this work, we consider the possibility of expanding wormholes in higher-dimensions, which is an important ingredient of modern theories of fundamental physics. An important motivation is that non-trivial topological objects such as microscopic wormholes may have been enlarged to macroscopic sizes in an expanding inflationary cosmological background. Since the Ricci scalar is only a function of time in standard cosmological models, we use this property as a simplifying assumption. More specifically, we consider a particular class of wormhole solutions corresponding to the choice of a spatially homogeneous Ricci scalar. The possibility of obtaining solutions with normal and exotic matter is explored and we find a variety of solutions including those in four dimensions that satisfy the null energy condition (NEC) in specific time intervals. In particular, for five dimensions, we find solutions that satisfy the NEC throughout the respective evolution.
1910.00284
Luis Herrera
L: Herrera
Causal heat conduction contravening the fading memory paradigm
22 pages Latex. Published in the special issue of Entropy: Entropy generation and heat transfer II
Entropy 21, 950, (2019)
null
null
gr-qc physics.class-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a causal heat conduction model based on a heat kernel violating the fading memory paradigm. The resulting transport equation produces an equation for the temperature. The model is applied to the discussion of two important issues such as the thermohaline convection and the nuclear burning (in)stability. In both cases the behaviour of the system appears to be strongly dependent on the transport equation assumed, bringing out the effects of our specific kernel on the final description of these problems. A possible relativistic version of the obtained transport equation is presented.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Oct 2019 10:00:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-10-02
[ [ "L", "", "" ], [ ":", "", "" ], [ "Herrera", "", "" ] ]
We propose a causal heat conduction model based on a heat kernel violating the fading memory paradigm. The resulting transport equation produces an equation for the temperature. The model is applied to the discussion of two important issues such as the thermohaline convection and the nuclear burning (in)stability. In both cases the behaviour of the system appears to be strongly dependent on the transport equation assumed, bringing out the effects of our specific kernel on the final description of these problems. A possible relativistic version of the obtained transport equation is presented.
2111.08407
Jan Henryk Kwapisz
Jan Chojnacki, Jan Henryk Kwapisz
Finite Action Principle and wormholes
Contribution to the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG16), July 5-10, 2021 based on a invited parallel talk(s) in the Horava-Lifshitz Gravity session
null
10.1142/9789811269776_0082
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work, we elaborate on the finite action for wormholes in higher derivative theories. Both non-traversable and traversable wormholes in theories with higher curvature invariants posses finite action.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Nov 2021 12:13:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-27
[ [ "Chojnacki", "Jan", "" ], [ "Kwapisz", "Jan Henryk", "" ] ]
In this work, we elaborate on the finite action for wormholes in higher derivative theories. Both non-traversable and traversable wormholes in theories with higher curvature invariants posses finite action.
2003.00564
Jeferson de Oliveira
B. Cuadros-Melgar, R. D. B. Fontana, Jeferson de Oliveira
Late-time tails, entropy aspects, and stability of black holes with anisotropic fluids
23 pages, 4 figures
The European Physical Journal C volume 80, Article number: 848 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8415-7
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we consider black holes surrounded by anisotropic fluids in four dimensions. We first study the causal structure of these solutions showing some similarities and differences with Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter black holes. In addition, we consider scalar perturbations on this background geometry and compute the corresponding quasinormal modes. Moreover, we discuss the late-time behavior of the perturbations finding an interesting new feature, i.e., the presence of a subdominant power-law tail term. Likewise, we compute the Bekenstein entropy bound and the first semiclassical correction to the black hole entropy using the brick wall method, showing their universality. Finally, we also discuss the thermodynamical stability of the model.
[ { "created": "Sun, 1 Mar 2020 19:23:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-11-20
[ [ "Cuadros-Melgar", "B.", "" ], [ "Fontana", "R. D. B.", "" ], [ "de Oliveira", "Jeferson", "" ] ]
In this work we consider black holes surrounded by anisotropic fluids in four dimensions. We first study the causal structure of these solutions showing some similarities and differences with Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter black holes. In addition, we consider scalar perturbations on this background geometry and compute the corresponding quasinormal modes. Moreover, we discuss the late-time behavior of the perturbations finding an interesting new feature, i.e., the presence of a subdominant power-law tail term. Likewise, we compute the Bekenstein entropy bound and the first semiclassical correction to the black hole entropy using the brick wall method, showing their universality. Finally, we also discuss the thermodynamical stability of the model.
2206.04366
Marica Minucci
Marica Minucci, Rodrigo Panosso Macedo and Juan Antonio Valiente Kroon
The Maxwell-scalar field system near spatial infinity
null
null
10.1063/5.0104602
null
gr-qc math.AP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We make use of Friedrich's representation of spatial infinity to study asymptotic expansions of the Maxwell-scalar field system near spatial infinity. The main objective of this analysis is to understand the effects of the non-linearities of this system on the regularity of solutions and polyhomogeneous expansions at null infinity and, in particular, at the critical sets where null infinity touches spatial infinity. The main outcome from our analysis is that the nonlinear interaction makes both fields more singular at the conformal boundary than what is seen when the fields are non-interacting. In particular, we find a whole new class of logarithmic terms in the asymptotic expansions which depend on the coupling constant between the Maxwell and scalar fields. We analyse the implications of these results on the peeling (or rather lack thereof) of the fields at null infinity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Jun 2022 09:22:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-14
[ [ "Minucci", "Marica", "" ], [ "Macedo", "Rodrigo Panosso", "" ], [ "Kroon", "Juan Antonio Valiente", "" ] ]
We make use of Friedrich's representation of spatial infinity to study asymptotic expansions of the Maxwell-scalar field system near spatial infinity. The main objective of this analysis is to understand the effects of the non-linearities of this system on the regularity of solutions and polyhomogeneous expansions at null infinity and, in particular, at the critical sets where null infinity touches spatial infinity. The main outcome from our analysis is that the nonlinear interaction makes both fields more singular at the conformal boundary than what is seen when the fields are non-interacting. In particular, we find a whole new class of logarithmic terms in the asymptotic expansions which depend on the coupling constant between the Maxwell and scalar fields. We analyse the implications of these results on the peeling (or rather lack thereof) of the fields at null infinity.
gr-qc/9608064
Jorge Pullin
John Baker, Andrew Abrahams, Peter Anninos, Steve Brandt, Richard Price, Jorge Pullin, Edward Seidel
The collision of boosted black holes
8 pages, RevTeX, 3 figures included with epsf
Phys.Rev. D55 (1997) 829-834
10.1103/PhysRevD.55.829
CGQG-96/8-3
gr-qc
null
We study the radiation from a collision of black holes with equal and opposite linear momenta. Results are presented from a full numerical relativity treatment and are compared with the results from a ``close-slow'' approximation. The agreement is remarkable, and suggests several insights about the generation of gravitational radiation in black hole collisions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Aug 1996 01:44:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Baker", "John", "" ], [ "Abrahams", "Andrew", "" ], [ "Anninos", "Peter", "" ], [ "Brandt", "Steve", "" ], [ "Price", "Richard", "" ], [ "Pullin", "Jorge", "" ], [ "Seidel", "Edward", "" ] ]
We study the radiation from a collision of black holes with equal and opposite linear momenta. Results are presented from a full numerical relativity treatment and are compared with the results from a ``close-slow'' approximation. The agreement is remarkable, and suggests several insights about the generation of gravitational radiation in black hole collisions.
2109.06104
Kristina Giesel
Kristina Giesel and Almut Vetter
Coherent states for fractional powers of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian
36 pages
Universe 2021, 7, 442
10.3390/universe7110442
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Inspired by special and general relativistic systems that can have Hamiltonians involving square roots, or more general fractional powers, in this article we address the question how a suitable set of coherent states for such systems can be obtained. This becomes a relevant topic if the semiclassical sector of a given quantum theory wants to be analysed. As a simple setup we consider the toy model of a deparametrised system with one constraint that involves a fractional power of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian operator and we discuss two approaches for finding suitable coherent states for this system. In the first approach we consider Dirac quantisation and group averaging that have been used by Ashtekar et. al. but only for integer powers of operators. Our generalisation to fractional powers yields in the case of the toy model a suitable set of coherent states. The second approach is inspired by coherent states based on a fractional Poisson distribution introduced by Laskin, which however turn out not to satisfy all properties to yield good semiclassical results for the operators considered here and in particular do not satisfy a resolution of identity as claimed. Therefore, we present a generalisation of the standard harmonic oscillator coherent states to states involving fractional labels, which approximate the fractional operators in our toy model semiclassically more accurately and satisfy a resolution of identity. In addition, motivated by the way the proof of the resolution of identity is performed, we consider these kind of coherent states also for the polymerised harmonic oscillator and discuss their semiclassical properties
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Sep 2021 16:25:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-18
[ [ "Giesel", "Kristina", "" ], [ "Vetter", "Almut", "" ] ]
Inspired by special and general relativistic systems that can have Hamiltonians involving square roots, or more general fractional powers, in this article we address the question how a suitable set of coherent states for such systems can be obtained. This becomes a relevant topic if the semiclassical sector of a given quantum theory wants to be analysed. As a simple setup we consider the toy model of a deparametrised system with one constraint that involves a fractional power of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian operator and we discuss two approaches for finding suitable coherent states for this system. In the first approach we consider Dirac quantisation and group averaging that have been used by Ashtekar et. al. but only for integer powers of operators. Our generalisation to fractional powers yields in the case of the toy model a suitable set of coherent states. The second approach is inspired by coherent states based on a fractional Poisson distribution introduced by Laskin, which however turn out not to satisfy all properties to yield good semiclassical results for the operators considered here and in particular do not satisfy a resolution of identity as claimed. Therefore, we present a generalisation of the standard harmonic oscillator coherent states to states involving fractional labels, which approximate the fractional operators in our toy model semiclassically more accurately and satisfy a resolution of identity. In addition, motivated by the way the proof of the resolution of identity is performed, we consider these kind of coherent states also for the polymerised harmonic oscillator and discuss their semiclassical properties
0709.4414
Valerio Faraoni
Nicolas Lanahan-Tremblay and Valerio Faraoni (Bishop's University)
The Cauchy problem of f(R) gravity
16 latex pages, to appear in Class. Quantum Grav; typographical errors corrected, new references added
Class.Quant.Grav.24:5667-5680,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/22/024
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
The initial value problem of metric and Palatini f(R)gravity is studied by using the dynamical equivalence between these theories and Brans-Dicke gravity. The Cauchy problem is well-formulated for metric f(R)gravity in the presence of matter and well-posed in vacuo. For Palatini f(R)gravity, instead, the Cauchy problem is not well-formulated.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Sep 2007 14:56:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 7 Oct 2007 15:01:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Lanahan-Tremblay", "Nicolas", "", "Bishop's University" ], [ "Faraoni", "Valerio", "", "Bishop's University" ] ]
The initial value problem of metric and Palatini f(R)gravity is studied by using the dynamical equivalence between these theories and Brans-Dicke gravity. The Cauchy problem is well-formulated for metric f(R)gravity in the presence of matter and well-posed in vacuo. For Palatini f(R)gravity, instead, the Cauchy problem is not well-formulated.
2311.03556
Akash Kumar Mishra
Akash K Mishra, Gregorio Carullo, Sumanta Chakraborty
Bounds on tidal charges from gravitational-wave ringdown observations
15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Matches published version
Phys. Rev. D 109, 024025 (2024)
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.024025
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Black hole solutions in the braneworld scenario are predicted to possess a tidal charge parameter, leaving imprints in the quasinormal spectrum. We conduct an extensive computation of such spectrum, and use it to construct a waveform model for the ringdown relaxation regime of binary black hole mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo. Applying a Bayesian time-domain analysis formalism, we analyse a selected dataset from the GWTC-3 LIGO-Virgo-Kagra catalog of binary coalescences, bounding the value of the tidal charge. With our analysis we obtain the first robust constraints on such charges, highlighting the importance of accounting for the previously ignored correlations with the other black hole intrinsic parameters.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Nov 2023 21:48:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:14:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-18
[ [ "Mishra", "Akash K", "" ], [ "Carullo", "Gregorio", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Sumanta", "" ] ]
Black hole solutions in the braneworld scenario are predicted to possess a tidal charge parameter, leaving imprints in the quasinormal spectrum. We conduct an extensive computation of such spectrum, and use it to construct a waveform model for the ringdown relaxation regime of binary black hole mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo. Applying a Bayesian time-domain analysis formalism, we analyse a selected dataset from the GWTC-3 LIGO-Virgo-Kagra catalog of binary coalescences, bounding the value of the tidal charge. With our analysis we obtain the first robust constraints on such charges, highlighting the importance of accounting for the previously ignored correlations with the other black hole intrinsic parameters.
1611.08251
Olga Babourova Valer'evna
O.V. Babourova, B.N. Frolov, P.E. Kudlaev
Approximate axially symmetric solution of the Weyl-Dirac theory of gravitation and the spiral galactic rotation problem
6 pages, no figures, typos added,added references for section 3
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
On the basis of the Poincare-Weyl gauge theory of gravitation, a new conformal Weyl-Dirac theory of gravitation is proposed, which is a gravitational theory in Cartan-Weyl spacetime with the Dirac scalar field representing the dark matter model. A static approximate axially symmetric solution of the field equations in vacuum is obtained. On the base of this solution in the Newtonian approximation one considers the problem of rotation velocities in spiral components of galaxies.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Nov 2016 16:54:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Jul 2017 18:13:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-07-17
[ [ "Babourova", "O. V.", "" ], [ "Frolov", "B. N.", "" ], [ "Kudlaev", "P. E.", "" ] ]
On the basis of the Poincare-Weyl gauge theory of gravitation, a new conformal Weyl-Dirac theory of gravitation is proposed, which is a gravitational theory in Cartan-Weyl spacetime with the Dirac scalar field representing the dark matter model. A static approximate axially symmetric solution of the field equations in vacuum is obtained. On the base of this solution in the Newtonian approximation one considers the problem of rotation velocities in spiral components of galaxies.
1605.00820
Soumya Jana
Soumya Jana, Sayan Kar (IIT Kharagpur, India)
Born-Infeld cosmology with scalar Born-Infeld matter
24 pages, 8 figures. Published version
Phys. Rev. D 94, 064016 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.064016
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmology in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity is investigated using a scalar Born-Infeld field (e.g. tachyon condensate) as matter. In this way, both in the gravity and matter sectors we have Born-Infeld-like structures characterized by their actions and via two separate constants, $\kappa$ and $\alpha_T^2$ respectively. With a particular choice of the form of $\dot{\phi}$ (the time derivative of the Born-Infeld scalar), analytical cosmological solutions are found. Thereafter, we explore some of the unique features of the corresponding cosmological spacetimes. For $\kappa>0$, our solution has a de Sitter-like expansion both at early and late times, with an intermediate deceleration sandwiched between the accelerating phases. On the other hand, when $\kappa<0$, the initial de Sitter phase is replaced by a bounce. Our solutions, at late time, fit well with available supernova data-- a fact we demonstrate explicitly. The estimated properties of the Universe obtained from the fitting of the $\kappa>0$ solution, are as good as in $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. However, the $\kappa<0$ solution has to be discarded due to the occurrence of a bounce at an unacceptably low redshift.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 May 2016 10:04:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Sep 2016 07:05:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-27
[ [ "Jana", "Soumya", "", "IIT Kharagpur, India" ], [ "Kar", "Sayan", "", "IIT Kharagpur, India" ] ]
Cosmology in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity is investigated using a scalar Born-Infeld field (e.g. tachyon condensate) as matter. In this way, both in the gravity and matter sectors we have Born-Infeld-like structures characterized by their actions and via two separate constants, $\kappa$ and $\alpha_T^2$ respectively. With a particular choice of the form of $\dot{\phi}$ (the time derivative of the Born-Infeld scalar), analytical cosmological solutions are found. Thereafter, we explore some of the unique features of the corresponding cosmological spacetimes. For $\kappa>0$, our solution has a de Sitter-like expansion both at early and late times, with an intermediate deceleration sandwiched between the accelerating phases. On the other hand, when $\kappa<0$, the initial de Sitter phase is replaced by a bounce. Our solutions, at late time, fit well with available supernova data-- a fact we demonstrate explicitly. The estimated properties of the Universe obtained from the fitting of the $\kappa>0$ solution, are as good as in $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. However, the $\kappa<0$ solution has to be discarded due to the occurrence of a bounce at an unacceptably low redshift.
0711.0686
Saibal Ray
Saibal Ray, Maxim Khlopov, Utpal Mukhopadhyay and Partha Pratim Ghosh
Phenomenology of $\Lambda$-CDM model: a possibility of accelerating Universe with positive pressure
16 Latex pages, 11 figures, Considerable modifications in the text; Accepted in IJTP
Int.J.Theor.Phys.50:939-951,2011
10.1007/s10773-010-0639-0
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Among various phenomenological $\Lambda$ models, a time-dependent model $\dot \Lambda\sim H^3$ is selected here to investigate the $\Lambda$-CDM cosmology. Using this model the expressions for the time-dependent equation of state parameter $\omega$ and other physical parameters are derived. It is shown that in $H^3$ model accelerated expansion of the Universe takes place at negative energy density, but with a positive pressure. It has also been possible to obtain the change of sign of the deceleration parameter $q$ during cosmic evolution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Nov 2007 16:42:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 17 Jul 2010 07:40:08 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Dec 2010 07:00:31 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-01-25
[ [ "Ray", "Saibal", "" ], [ "Khlopov", "Maxim", "" ], [ "Mukhopadhyay", "Utpal", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Partha Pratim", "" ] ]
Among various phenomenological $\Lambda$ models, a time-dependent model $\dot \Lambda\sim H^3$ is selected here to investigate the $\Lambda$-CDM cosmology. Using this model the expressions for the time-dependent equation of state parameter $\omega$ and other physical parameters are derived. It is shown that in $H^3$ model accelerated expansion of the Universe takes place at negative energy density, but with a positive pressure. It has also been possible to obtain the change of sign of the deceleration parameter $q$ during cosmic evolution.
1506.03814
T. Padmanabhan
T. Padmanabhan
Momentum density of spacetime and the gravitational dynamics
six pages; no figures
null
10.1007/s10714-015-1996-z
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I introduce a covariant four-vector $\mathcal{G}^a[v]$, which can be interpreted as the momentum density attributed to the spacetime geometry by an observer with velocity $v^a$, and describe its properties: (a) Demanding that the total momentum of matter plus geometry is conserved for all observers, leads to the gravitational field equations. Thus, how matter curves spacetime is entirely determined by this principle of momentum conservation. (b) The $\mathcal{G}^a[v]$ can be related to the gravitational Lagrangian in a manner similar to the usual definition of Hamiltonian in, say, classical mechanics. (c) Geodesic observers in a spacetime will find that the conserved total momentum vanishes on-shell. (d) The on-shell, conserved, total energy in a region of space, as measured by the comoving observers, will be equal to the total heat energy of the boundary surface. (e) The off-shell gravitational energy in a region will be the sum of the ADM energy in the bulk plus the thermal energy of the boundary. These results suggest that $\mathcal{G}^a[v]$ can be a useful physical quantity to probe the gravitational theories.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Jun 2015 20:00:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-12-09
[ [ "Padmanabhan", "T.", "" ] ]
I introduce a covariant four-vector $\mathcal{G}^a[v]$, which can be interpreted as the momentum density attributed to the spacetime geometry by an observer with velocity $v^a$, and describe its properties: (a) Demanding that the total momentum of matter plus geometry is conserved for all observers, leads to the gravitational field equations. Thus, how matter curves spacetime is entirely determined by this principle of momentum conservation. (b) The $\mathcal{G}^a[v]$ can be related to the gravitational Lagrangian in a manner similar to the usual definition of Hamiltonian in, say, classical mechanics. (c) Geodesic observers in a spacetime will find that the conserved total momentum vanishes on-shell. (d) The on-shell, conserved, total energy in a region of space, as measured by the comoving observers, will be equal to the total heat energy of the boundary surface. (e) The off-shell gravitational energy in a region will be the sum of the ADM energy in the bulk plus the thermal energy of the boundary. These results suggest that $\mathcal{G}^a[v]$ can be a useful physical quantity to probe the gravitational theories.
gr-qc/9406039
Jorge Griego
C. Di Bartolo, R. Gambini and J. Griego
The Extended Loop Representation of Quantum Gravity
27 pages, report IFFC/94-13
Phys.Rev. D51 (1995) 502-516
10.1103/PhysRevD.51.502
null
gr-qc
null
A new representation of Quantum Gravity is developed. This formulation is based on an extension of the group of loops. The enlarged group, that we call the Extended Loop Group, behaves locally as an infinite dimensional Lie group. Quantum Gravity can be realized on the state space of extended loop dependent wavefunctions. The extended representation generalizes the loop representation and contains this representation as a particular case. The resulting diffeomorphism and hamiltonian constraints take a very simple form and allow to apply functional methods and simplify the loop calculus. In particular we show that the constraints are linear in the momenta. The nondegenerate solutions known in the loop representation are also solutions of the constraints in the new representation. The practical calculation advantages allows to find a new solution to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Moreover, the extended representation puts in a precise framework some of the regularization problems of the loop representation. We show that the solutions are generalized knot invariants, smooth in the extended variables, and any framing is unnecessary.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Jun 1994 19:26:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Di Bartolo", "C.", "" ], [ "Gambini", "R.", "" ], [ "Griego", "J.", "" ] ]
A new representation of Quantum Gravity is developed. This formulation is based on an extension of the group of loops. The enlarged group, that we call the Extended Loop Group, behaves locally as an infinite dimensional Lie group. Quantum Gravity can be realized on the state space of extended loop dependent wavefunctions. The extended representation generalizes the loop representation and contains this representation as a particular case. The resulting diffeomorphism and hamiltonian constraints take a very simple form and allow to apply functional methods and simplify the loop calculus. In particular we show that the constraints are linear in the momenta. The nondegenerate solutions known in the loop representation are also solutions of the constraints in the new representation. The practical calculation advantages allows to find a new solution to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Moreover, the extended representation puts in a precise framework some of the regularization problems of the loop representation. We show that the solutions are generalized knot invariants, smooth in the extended variables, and any framing is unnecessary.
1405.1922
Miroslav Shaltev
Miroslav Shaltev, Paola Leaci, Maria Alessandra Papa, Reinhard Prix
Fully coherent follow-up of continuous gravitational-wave candidates: an application to Einstein@Home results
8 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Phys. Rev. D 89, 124030 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.124030
LIGO-P1400057-v2
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We characterize and present the details of the follow-up method used on the most significant outliers of the Hough Einstein@Home all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves arXiv:1207.7176. This follow-up method is based on the two-stage approach introduced in arXiv:1303.2471, consisting of a semicoherent refinement followed by a fully coherent zoom. We quantify the efficiency of the follow-up pipeline using simulated signals in Gaussian noise. This pipeline does not search beyond first-order frequency spindown, and therefore we also evaluate its robustness against second-order spindown. We present the details of the Hough Einstein@Home follow-up (arXiv:1207.7176) on three hardware-injected signals and on the 8 most significant outliers of unknown origin.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 May 2014 13:41:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-07-02
[ [ "Shaltev", "Miroslav", "" ], [ "Leaci", "Paola", "" ], [ "Papa", "Maria Alessandra", "" ], [ "Prix", "Reinhard", "" ] ]
We characterize and present the details of the follow-up method used on the most significant outliers of the Hough Einstein@Home all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves arXiv:1207.7176. This follow-up method is based on the two-stage approach introduced in arXiv:1303.2471, consisting of a semicoherent refinement followed by a fully coherent zoom. We quantify the efficiency of the follow-up pipeline using simulated signals in Gaussian noise. This pipeline does not search beyond first-order frequency spindown, and therefore we also evaluate its robustness against second-order spindown. We present the details of the Hough Einstein@Home follow-up (arXiv:1207.7176) on three hardware-injected signals and on the 8 most significant outliers of unknown origin.
1809.03879
Giorgos Manolakos
D. Jurman, G. Manolakos, P. Manousselis, G. Zoupanos
Gravity as a Gauge Theory on Three-Dimensional Noncommutative spaces
arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1802.07550
null
10.22323/1.318.0162
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We plan to translate the successful description of three-dimensional gravity as a gauge theory in the noncommutative framework, making use of the covariant coordinates. We consider two specific three-dimensional fuzzy spaces based on SU(2) and SU(1,1), which carry appropriate symmetry groups. These are the groups we are going to gauge in order to result with the transformations of the gauge fields (dreibein, spin connection and two extra Maxwell fields due to noncommutativity), their corresponding curvatures and eventually determine the action and the equations of motion. Finally, we verify their connection to three-dimensional gravity.
[ { "created": "Sun, 9 Sep 2018 10:46:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-09-12
[ [ "Jurman", "D.", "" ], [ "Manolakos", "G.", "" ], [ "Manousselis", "P.", "" ], [ "Zoupanos", "G.", "" ] ]
We plan to translate the successful description of three-dimensional gravity as a gauge theory in the noncommutative framework, making use of the covariant coordinates. We consider two specific three-dimensional fuzzy spaces based on SU(2) and SU(1,1), which carry appropriate symmetry groups. These are the groups we are going to gauge in order to result with the transformations of the gauge fields (dreibein, spin connection and two extra Maxwell fields due to noncommutativity), their corresponding curvatures and eventually determine the action and the equations of motion. Finally, we verify their connection to three-dimensional gravity.
gr-qc/0601063
Friedrich W. Hehl
Peter Baekler and Friedrich W. Hehl
Rotating Black Holes in Metric-Affine Gravity
32 pages latex, 3 tables
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D15:635-668,2006
10.1142/S0218271806008589
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Within the framework of metric-affine gravity (MAG, metric and an independent linear connection constitute spacetime), we find, for a specific gravitational Lagrangian and by using {\it prolongation} techniques, a stationary axially symmetric exact solution of the vacuum field equations. This black hole solution embodies a Kerr-deSitter metric and the post-Riemannian structures of torsion and nonmetricity. The solution is characterized by mass, angular momentum, and shear charge, the latter of which is a measure for violating Lorentz invariance.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Jan 2006 21:50:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Baekler", "Peter", "" ], [ "Hehl", "Friedrich W.", "" ] ]
Within the framework of metric-affine gravity (MAG, metric and an independent linear connection constitute spacetime), we find, for a specific gravitational Lagrangian and by using {\it prolongation} techniques, a stationary axially symmetric exact solution of the vacuum field equations. This black hole solution embodies a Kerr-deSitter metric and the post-Riemannian structures of torsion and nonmetricity. The solution is characterized by mass, angular momentum, and shear charge, the latter of which is a measure for violating Lorentz invariance.
0710.2568
Yun Soo Myung
Yun Soo Myung
Phase transition between non-extremal and extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes
12 pages, 6 figures, version to appear in MPLA
Mod.Phys.Lett.A23:667-676,2008
10.1142/S0217732308026741
INJE-TP-07-10
gr-qc
null
We discuss the phase transition between non-extremal and extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes. This transition is considered as the $T \to 0$ limit of the transition between the non-extremal and near-extremal black holes. We show that an evaporating process from non-extremal black hole to extremal one is possible to occur, but its reverse process is not possible to occur because of the presence of the maximum temperature. Furthermore, it is shown that the Hawking-Page phase transition between small and large black holes unlikely occurs in the AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Oct 2007 23:46:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Oct 2007 07:38:13 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Mar 2008 23:47:42 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ] ]
We discuss the phase transition between non-extremal and extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes. This transition is considered as the $T \to 0$ limit of the transition between the non-extremal and near-extremal black holes. We show that an evaporating process from non-extremal black hole to extremal one is possible to occur, but its reverse process is not possible to occur because of the presence of the maximum temperature. Furthermore, it is shown that the Hawking-Page phase transition between small and large black holes unlikely occurs in the AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes.
gr-qc/9409012
null
A. Lukas
The No-Boundary Wave Function and the Duration of the Inflationary Period
11 pages, TUM-HEP-206/94, 2 figures (added as uu-encoded postscript file)
Phys.Lett.B347:13-20,1995
10.1016/0370-2693(94)01693-7
null
gr-qc
null
For the simplest minisuperspace model based on a homogeneous, isotropic metric and a minimally coupled scalar field we derive analytic expressions for the caustic which separates Euklidean and Minkowskian region and its breakdown value $\p_*$. This value represents the prediction of the no-boundary wave function for the scalar field at the beginning of inflation. We use our results to search for inflationary models which can render the no-boundary wave function consistent with the requirement of a sufficiently long inflationary period.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Sep 1994 14:13:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Lukas", "A.", "" ] ]
For the simplest minisuperspace model based on a homogeneous, isotropic metric and a minimally coupled scalar field we derive analytic expressions for the caustic which separates Euklidean and Minkowskian region and its breakdown value $\p_*$. This value represents the prediction of the no-boundary wave function for the scalar field at the beginning of inflation. We use our results to search for inflationary models which can render the no-boundary wave function consistent with the requirement of a sufficiently long inflationary period.
1408.4283
Andrea Geralico
Donato Bini, Fernando de Felice, Andrea Geralico
Strains in General Relativity
25 pages, 7 figures; published version
Class. Quantum Grav. 23, 7603 (2006)
10.1088/0264-9381/23/24/028
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The definition of relative accelerations and strains among a set of comoving particles is studied in connection with the geometric properties of the frame adapted to a "fiducial observer." We find that a relativistically complete and correct definition of strains must take into account the transport law of the chosen spatial triad along the observer's congruence. We use special congruences of (accelerated) test particles in some familiar spacetimes to elucidate such a point. The celebrated idea of Szekeres' compass of inertia, arising when studying geodesic deviation among a set of free-falling particles, is here generalized to the case of accelerated particles. In doing so we have naturally contributed to the theory of relativistic gravity gradiometer. Moreover, our analysis was made in an observer-dependent form, a fact that would be very useful when thinking about general relativistic tests on space stations orbiting compact objects like black holes and also in other interesting gravitational situations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Aug 2014 10:30:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-22
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "de Felice", "Fernando", "" ], [ "Geralico", "Andrea", "" ] ]
The definition of relative accelerations and strains among a set of comoving particles is studied in connection with the geometric properties of the frame adapted to a "fiducial observer." We find that a relativistically complete and correct definition of strains must take into account the transport law of the chosen spatial triad along the observer's congruence. We use special congruences of (accelerated) test particles in some familiar spacetimes to elucidate such a point. The celebrated idea of Szekeres' compass of inertia, arising when studying geodesic deviation among a set of free-falling particles, is here generalized to the case of accelerated particles. In doing so we have naturally contributed to the theory of relativistic gravity gradiometer. Moreover, our analysis was made in an observer-dependent form, a fact that would be very useful when thinking about general relativistic tests on space stations orbiting compact objects like black holes and also in other interesting gravitational situations.
1004.3291
Dejan Stojkovic
De-Chang Dai and Dejan Stojkovic
Analytic solution for a static black hole in RSII model
extended discussion, appendix added, published in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett. B704 (2011) 354-359
10.1016/j.physletb.2011.09.038
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present here a static solution for a large black hole (whose horizon radius is larger than the AdS radius) located on the brane in RSII model. According to some arguments based on the AdS/CFT conjecture, a solution for the black hole located on the brane in RSII model must encode quantum gravitational effects and therefore can not be static. We demonstrated that a static solution can be found if the bulk is not empty. The stress energy tensor of the matter distribution in the bulk for the solution we found is physical (i.e. it is non-singular with the energy density and pressure not violating any energy conditions). However, the solution can not be transformed into the Schwarzschild-like form and does not reduce to the Schwarzschild solution on the brane. We also present two other related static solutions. At the end, we discuss why the numerical methods failed so far in finding static solutions in this context, including the solutions we found analytically here.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Apr 2010 20:02:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Dec 2011 14:47:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-18
[ [ "Dai", "De-Chang", "" ], [ "Stojkovic", "Dejan", "" ] ]
We present here a static solution for a large black hole (whose horizon radius is larger than the AdS radius) located on the brane in RSII model. According to some arguments based on the AdS/CFT conjecture, a solution for the black hole located on the brane in RSII model must encode quantum gravitational effects and therefore can not be static. We demonstrated that a static solution can be found if the bulk is not empty. The stress energy tensor of the matter distribution in the bulk for the solution we found is physical (i.e. it is non-singular with the energy density and pressure not violating any energy conditions). However, the solution can not be transformed into the Schwarzschild-like form and does not reduce to the Schwarzschild solution on the brane. We also present two other related static solutions. At the end, we discuss why the numerical methods failed so far in finding static solutions in this context, including the solutions we found analytically here.
1104.3126
Eric G. Brown
Eric G. Brown, Robert B. Mann, Leonardo Modesto
Mass Inflation in the Loop Black Hole
Latex 20 pages, 7 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.84.104041
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In classical general relativity the Cauchy horizon within a two-horizon black hole is unstable via a phenomenon known as mass inflation, in which the mass parameter (and the spacetime curvature) of the black hole diverges at the Cauchy horizon. Here we study this effect for loop black holes -- quantum gravitationally corrected black holes from loop quantum gravity -- whose construction alleviates the $r=0$ singularity present in their classical counterparts. We use a simplified model of mass inflation, which makes use of the generalized DTR relation, to conclude that the Cauchy horizon of loop black holes indeed results in a curvature singularity similar to that found in classical black holes. The DTR relation is of particular utility in the loop black hole because it does not directly rely upon Einstein's field equations. We elucidate some of the interesting and counterintuitive properties of the loop black hole, and corroborate our results using an alternate model of mass inflation due to Ori.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Apr 2011 19:05:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-05-29
[ [ "Brown", "Eric G.", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert B.", "" ], [ "Modesto", "Leonardo", "" ] ]
In classical general relativity the Cauchy horizon within a two-horizon black hole is unstable via a phenomenon known as mass inflation, in which the mass parameter (and the spacetime curvature) of the black hole diverges at the Cauchy horizon. Here we study this effect for loop black holes -- quantum gravitationally corrected black holes from loop quantum gravity -- whose construction alleviates the $r=0$ singularity present in their classical counterparts. We use a simplified model of mass inflation, which makes use of the generalized DTR relation, to conclude that the Cauchy horizon of loop black holes indeed results in a curvature singularity similar to that found in classical black holes. The DTR relation is of particular utility in the loop black hole because it does not directly rely upon Einstein's field equations. We elucidate some of the interesting and counterintuitive properties of the loop black hole, and corroborate our results using an alternate model of mass inflation due to Ori.
gr-qc/0506103
Ishwaree Neupane
Benedict M.N. Carter and Ishwaree P Neupane
Thermodynamics and Stability of Higher Dimensional Rotating (Kerr) AdS Black Holes
15 pages, 23 eps figures, RevTex4
Phys.Rev.D72:043534,2005
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.043534
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study the thermodynamic and gravitational stability of Kerr anti-de Sitter black holes in five and higher dimensions. We show, in the case of equal rotation parameters, $a_i=a$, that the Kerr-AdS background metrics become stable, both thermodynamically and gravitationally, when the rotation parameters $a_i$ take values comparable to the AdS curvature radius. In turn, a Kerr-AdS black hole can be in thermal equilibrium with the thermal radiation around it only when the rotation parameters become not significantly smaller than the AdS curvature radius. We also find with equal rotation parameters that a Kerr-AdS black hole is thermodynamically favored against the existence of a thermal AdS space, while the opposite behavior is observed in the case of a single non-zero rotation parameter. The five dimensional case is however different and also special in that there is no high temperature thermal AdS phase regardless of the choice of rotation parameters. We also verify that at fixed entropy, the temperature of a rotating black hole is always bounded above by that of a non-rotating black hole, in four and five dimensions, but not in six and more dimensions (especially, when the entropy approaches zero or the minimum of entropy does not correspond to the minimum of temperature). In this last context, the six dimensional case is marginal.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Jun 2005 07:04:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Jul 2005 07:34:44 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Jul 2005 12:04:22 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 Sep 2005 07:14:45 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Carter", "Benedict M. N.", "" ], [ "Neupane", "Ishwaree P", "" ] ]
We study the thermodynamic and gravitational stability of Kerr anti-de Sitter black holes in five and higher dimensions. We show, in the case of equal rotation parameters, $a_i=a$, that the Kerr-AdS background metrics become stable, both thermodynamically and gravitationally, when the rotation parameters $a_i$ take values comparable to the AdS curvature radius. In turn, a Kerr-AdS black hole can be in thermal equilibrium with the thermal radiation around it only when the rotation parameters become not significantly smaller than the AdS curvature radius. We also find with equal rotation parameters that a Kerr-AdS black hole is thermodynamically favored against the existence of a thermal AdS space, while the opposite behavior is observed in the case of a single non-zero rotation parameter. The five dimensional case is however different and also special in that there is no high temperature thermal AdS phase regardless of the choice of rotation parameters. We also verify that at fixed entropy, the temperature of a rotating black hole is always bounded above by that of a non-rotating black hole, in four and five dimensions, but not in six and more dimensions (especially, when the entropy approaches zero or the minimum of entropy does not correspond to the minimum of temperature). In this last context, the six dimensional case is marginal.
gr-qc/0406057
Claudio Benedito Silva Furtado
L.C. Garcia de Andrade, A. M. de M. Carvalho and C. Furtado
Geometric Phase for Fermionic Quasiparticles Scattering by Disgyration in Superfluids
7 pages, to appear in Europhys. Lett
Europhys.Lett.67:538-544,2004
10.1209/epl/i2004-10096-6
null
gr-qc
null
We consider a Volovik's analog model for description of a topological defects in a superfluid and we investigate the scattering of quasiparticles in this background. The analog of the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm in this system is found. An analysis of this problem employing loop variables is considered and corroborates for the existence of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in this system. The results presented here may be used to study the Aharonov-Bohm effect in superconductors.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Jun 2004 17:33:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "de Andrade", "L. C. Garcia", "" ], [ "Carvalho", "A. M. de M.", "" ], [ "Furtado", "C.", "" ] ]
We consider a Volovik's analog model for description of a topological defects in a superfluid and we investigate the scattering of quasiparticles in this background. The analog of the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm in this system is found. An analysis of this problem employing loop variables is considered and corroborates for the existence of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in this system. The results presented here may be used to study the Aharonov-Bohm effect in superconductors.
1210.5870
David Kofro\v{n}
Ji\v{r}\'i Bi\v{c}\'ak and David Kofro\v{n}
Variations on spacetimes with boost-rotation symmetry
4 pages, 3 figures; Contribution to the proceedings of "Relativity and Gravitation - 100 years after Einstein in Prague" (Prague, June 25-29, 2012)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Some new results on the boost-rotation symmetric spacetimes representing pairs of rotating charged objects accelerated in opposite directions are summarized. A particular attention is paid to (a) the Newtonian limit analyzed using the Ehlers frame theory and (b) the special-relativistic limit of the C-metric. Starting from the new, simpler form of the rotating charged C-metric we also show how to remove nodal singularities and obtain a rotating charged black hole freely falling in an external electromagnetic field.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Oct 2012 11:11:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-10-23
[ [ "Bičák", "Jiří", "" ], [ "Kofroň", "David", "" ] ]
Some new results on the boost-rotation symmetric spacetimes representing pairs of rotating charged objects accelerated in opposite directions are summarized. A particular attention is paid to (a) the Newtonian limit analyzed using the Ehlers frame theory and (b) the special-relativistic limit of the C-metric. Starting from the new, simpler form of the rotating charged C-metric we also show how to remove nodal singularities and obtain a rotating charged black hole freely falling in an external electromagnetic field.
1308.5403
Brian Dolan
Brian P. Dolan
The compressibility of rotating black holes in D-dimensions
14 pages, 2 figures; discussion of extensive/intensive thermodynamic variables added, and minor typos corrected, in v2
null
10.1088/0264-9381/31/3/035022
DIAS-STP-13-08
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Treating the cosmological constant as a pressure, in the context of black hole thermodynamics, a thermodynamic volume for the black hole can be defined as being the thermodynamic variable conjugate to the pressure, in the sense of a Legendre transform. The thermodynamic volume is explicitly calculated, as the Legendre transform of the pressure in the enthalpy for a rotating asymptotically anti-de Sitter Myers-Perry black hole in D space-time dimensions. The volume obtained is shown to agree with previous calculations using the Smarr relation. The compressibility is calculated and shown to be non-negative and bounded. Taking the limit of zero cosmological constant, the compressibility of a rotating black hole in asymptotically flat space-times is determined and the corresponding speed of sound computed. The latter is bounded above and has an elegant expression purely in terms of the angular momenta, in the form of quartic and quadratic Casimirs of the rotation group, SO(D-1).
[ { "created": "Sun, 25 Aug 2013 12:54:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Dec 2013 15:16:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-17
[ [ "Dolan", "Brian P.", "" ] ]
Treating the cosmological constant as a pressure, in the context of black hole thermodynamics, a thermodynamic volume for the black hole can be defined as being the thermodynamic variable conjugate to the pressure, in the sense of a Legendre transform. The thermodynamic volume is explicitly calculated, as the Legendre transform of the pressure in the enthalpy for a rotating asymptotically anti-de Sitter Myers-Perry black hole in D space-time dimensions. The volume obtained is shown to agree with previous calculations using the Smarr relation. The compressibility is calculated and shown to be non-negative and bounded. Taking the limit of zero cosmological constant, the compressibility of a rotating black hole in asymptotically flat space-times is determined and the corresponding speed of sound computed. The latter is bounded above and has an elegant expression purely in terms of the angular momenta, in the form of quartic and quadratic Casimirs of the rotation group, SO(D-1).
0910.1181
Nikodem Poplawski
Nikodem J. Poplawski
Nonsingular Dirac particles in spacetime with torsion
8 pages; published version
Phys.Lett.B690:73-77,2010; Erratum-ibid.B727:575,2013
10.1016/j.physletb.2010.04.073 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.11.005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use the Papapetrou method of multipole expansion to show that a Dirac field in the Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama (ECKS) theory of gravity cannot form singular configurations concentrated on one- or two-dimensional surfaces in spacetime. Instead, such a field describes a nonsingular particle whose spatial dimension is at least on the order of its Cartan radius. In particular, torsion modifies Burinskii's model of the Dirac electron as a Kerr-Newman singular ring of the Compton size, by replacing the ring with a toroidal structure with the outer radius of the Compton size and the inner radius of the Cartan size. We conjecture that torsion produced by spin prevents the formation of singularities from matter composed of quarks and leptons. We expect that the Cartan radius of an electron, ~10^{-27} m, introduces an effective ultraviolet cutoff in quantum field theory for fermions in the ECKS spacetime. We also estimate a maximum density of matter to be on the order of the corresponding Cartan density, ~10^{51} kg m^{-3}, which gives a lower limit for black-hole masses ~10^{16} kg. This limit corresponds to energy ~10^{43} GeV which is 39 orders of magnitude larger than the maximum beam energy currently available at the LHC. Thus, if torsion exists and the ECKS theory of gravity is correct, the LHC cannot produce micro black holes.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Oct 2009 08:12:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Oct 2010 14:59:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-12-03
[ [ "Poplawski", "Nikodem J.", "" ] ]
We use the Papapetrou method of multipole expansion to show that a Dirac field in the Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama (ECKS) theory of gravity cannot form singular configurations concentrated on one- or two-dimensional surfaces in spacetime. Instead, such a field describes a nonsingular particle whose spatial dimension is at least on the order of its Cartan radius. In particular, torsion modifies Burinskii's model of the Dirac electron as a Kerr-Newman singular ring of the Compton size, by replacing the ring with a toroidal structure with the outer radius of the Compton size and the inner radius of the Cartan size. We conjecture that torsion produced by spin prevents the formation of singularities from matter composed of quarks and leptons. We expect that the Cartan radius of an electron, ~10^{-27} m, introduces an effective ultraviolet cutoff in quantum field theory for fermions in the ECKS spacetime. We also estimate a maximum density of matter to be on the order of the corresponding Cartan density, ~10^{51} kg m^{-3}, which gives a lower limit for black-hole masses ~10^{16} kg. This limit corresponds to energy ~10^{43} GeV which is 39 orders of magnitude larger than the maximum beam energy currently available at the LHC. Thus, if torsion exists and the ECKS theory of gravity is correct, the LHC cannot produce micro black holes.
2101.00665
Vasilis Oikonomou
V.K. Oikonomou
Non-minimally Coupled Scalar $k$-Inflation Dynamics
Invited publication for the EPJP special issue Modified Gravity Theories and Cosmology
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we shall study $k$-inflation theories with non-minimal coupling of the scalar field to gravity, in the presence of only a higher order kinetic term of the form $\sim \mathrm{const}\times X^{\mu}$, with $X=\frac{1}{2}\partial_{\mu}\phi\partial^{\mu}\phi$. The study will be focused in the cases where a scalar potential is included or is absent, and the evolution of the scalar field will be assumed to satisfy the slow-roll or the constant-roll condition. In the case of the slow-roll models with scalar potential, we shall calculate the slow-roll indices, and the corresponding observational indices of the theory, and we demonstrate that the resulting theory is compatible with the latest Planck data. The same results are obtained in the constant-roll case, at least in the presence of a scalar potential. In the case that models without potential are considered, the results are less appealing since these are strongly model dependent, and at least for a power-law choice of the non-minimal coupling, the theory is non-viable. Finally, due to the fact that the scalar and tensor power spectra are conformal invariant quantities, we argue that the Einstein frame counterpart of the non-minimal $k$-inflation models with scalar potential, can be a viable theory, due to the conformal invariance of the observational indices. The Einstein frame theory is more involved and thus more difficult to work with it analytically, so one implication of our work is that we provide evidence for the viability of another class of $k$-inflation models.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Jan 2021 16:44:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-01-05
[ [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ] ]
In this work we shall study $k$-inflation theories with non-minimal coupling of the scalar field to gravity, in the presence of only a higher order kinetic term of the form $\sim \mathrm{const}\times X^{\mu}$, with $X=\frac{1}{2}\partial_{\mu}\phi\partial^{\mu}\phi$. The study will be focused in the cases where a scalar potential is included or is absent, and the evolution of the scalar field will be assumed to satisfy the slow-roll or the constant-roll condition. In the case of the slow-roll models with scalar potential, we shall calculate the slow-roll indices, and the corresponding observational indices of the theory, and we demonstrate that the resulting theory is compatible with the latest Planck data. The same results are obtained in the constant-roll case, at least in the presence of a scalar potential. In the case that models without potential are considered, the results are less appealing since these are strongly model dependent, and at least for a power-law choice of the non-minimal coupling, the theory is non-viable. Finally, due to the fact that the scalar and tensor power spectra are conformal invariant quantities, we argue that the Einstein frame counterpart of the non-minimal $k$-inflation models with scalar potential, can be a viable theory, due to the conformal invariance of the observational indices. The Einstein frame theory is more involved and thus more difficult to work with it analytically, so one implication of our work is that we provide evidence for the viability of another class of $k$-inflation models.
gr-qc/0701108
Plamen Fiziev
P P Fiziev
Static Fundamental Solutions of Einstein Equations and Superposition Principle in Relativistic Gravityv
Talk, given at the Conference Gravity, Astrophysics and Strings at Black Sea, Kiten, Bulgaria 2005. 40 pages, 6 figures, latex file
Gravity, Astrophysics and Strings'05, St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, pp. 202-241, Sofia, 2006
null
SU-TH0605
gr-qc
null
We show that Einstein equations are compatible with the presence of massive point particle idealization and find the corresponding two parameter family of solutions. They are complete defined by the bare mechanical mass $M>0$ and the Keplerian mass $m>0$ ($m < M$) of the point source of gravity. The global analytical properties of these solutions in the complex plane define a unique preferable radial variable of the one particle problem. These new solutions are fundamental solutions of the quasi-linear Einstein equations. We introduce and discuss a novel nonlinear superposition principle for solutions of Einstein equations and discover the basic role of the relativistic analog of the Newton gravitational potential. For the relativistic potential we introduce a simple quasi-linear superposition principle as a new physical requirement for the initial conditions for Einstein equations, thus justifying the instant gravistatic case for N particle system. This superposition principle allows us to sketch a new theory of the gravitational mass defect. In it a specific Mach-like principle for the Keplerian mass $m$ is valid, i.e. it depends on the mass distribution in the universe, in contrast to the bare mass $M$, which remains a true constant. Several basic examples both of discrete and of continuous mass distributions are considered.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2007 13:11:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Fiziev", "P P", "" ] ]
We show that Einstein equations are compatible with the presence of massive point particle idealization and find the corresponding two parameter family of solutions. They are complete defined by the bare mechanical mass $M>0$ and the Keplerian mass $m>0$ ($m < M$) of the point source of gravity. The global analytical properties of these solutions in the complex plane define a unique preferable radial variable of the one particle problem. These new solutions are fundamental solutions of the quasi-linear Einstein equations. We introduce and discuss a novel nonlinear superposition principle for solutions of Einstein equations and discover the basic role of the relativistic analog of the Newton gravitational potential. For the relativistic potential we introduce a simple quasi-linear superposition principle as a new physical requirement for the initial conditions for Einstein equations, thus justifying the instant gravistatic case for N particle system. This superposition principle allows us to sketch a new theory of the gravitational mass defect. In it a specific Mach-like principle for the Keplerian mass $m$ is valid, i.e. it depends on the mass distribution in the universe, in contrast to the bare mass $M$, which remains a true constant. Several basic examples both of discrete and of continuous mass distributions are considered.
gr-qc/9712071
Marcelo Jose Reboucas
M.J. Reboucas and A.F.F. Teixeira
Riemannian Space-times of G\"odel Type in Five Dimensions
26 pages. LaTeX file. To appear in J. Math. Phys. (1998)
J.Math.Phys. 39 (1998) 2180-2192
10.1063/1.532281
CBPF-NF-048/97
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The five-dimensional (5D) Riemannian G\"odel-type manifolds are examined in light of the equivalence problem techniques, as formulated by Cartan. The necessary and sufficient conditions for local homogeneity of these 5D manifolds are derived. The local equivalence of these homogeneous Riemannian manifolds is studied. It is found that they are characterized by two essential parameters $m^2$ and $\omega $: identical pairs $(m^2, \omega)$ correspond to locally equivalent 5D manifolds. An irreducible set of isometrically nonequivalent 5D locally homogeneous Riemannian G\"odel-type metrics are exhibited. A classification of these manifolds based on the essential parameters is presented, and the Killing vector fields as well as the corresponding Lie algebra of each class are determined. It is shown that apart from the $(m^2= 4 \omega^2, \omega\not=0)$ and $(m^2\not=0, \omega = 0)$ classes the homogeneous Riemannian G\"odel-type manifolds admit a seven-parameter maximal group of isometry ($G_7$). The special class $(m^2= 4 \omega^2, \omega\not=0)$ and the degenerated G\"odel-type class $(m^2\not=0, \omega=0)$ are shown to have a $G_9$ as maximal group of motion. The breakdown of causality in these classes of homogeneous G\"odel-type manifolds are also examined.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Dec 1997 22:31:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Reboucas", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Teixeira", "A. F. F.", "" ] ]
The five-dimensional (5D) Riemannian G\"odel-type manifolds are examined in light of the equivalence problem techniques, as formulated by Cartan. The necessary and sufficient conditions for local homogeneity of these 5D manifolds are derived. The local equivalence of these homogeneous Riemannian manifolds is studied. It is found that they are characterized by two essential parameters $m^2$ and $\omega $: identical pairs $(m^2, \omega)$ correspond to locally equivalent 5D manifolds. An irreducible set of isometrically nonequivalent 5D locally homogeneous Riemannian G\"odel-type metrics are exhibited. A classification of these manifolds based on the essential parameters is presented, and the Killing vector fields as well as the corresponding Lie algebra of each class are determined. It is shown that apart from the $(m^2= 4 \omega^2, \omega\not=0)$ and $(m^2\not=0, \omega = 0)$ classes the homogeneous Riemannian G\"odel-type manifolds admit a seven-parameter maximal group of isometry ($G_7$). The special class $(m^2= 4 \omega^2, \omega\not=0)$ and the degenerated G\"odel-type class $(m^2\not=0, \omega=0)$ are shown to have a $G_9$ as maximal group of motion. The breakdown of causality in these classes of homogeneous G\"odel-type manifolds are also examined.
2312.17724
Jia-Hui Huang
Jing-Peng Ye, Zhi-Qing He, Ai-Xu Zhou, Zi-Yang Huang and Jia-Hui Huang
Shadows and photon rings of a quantum black hole
references added,one figure added
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Recently, a black hole model in loop quantum gravity has been proposed by Lewandowski, Ma, Yang and Zhang (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{130}, 101501 (2023)). The metric tensor of the quantum black hole (QBH) is a suitably modified Schwarzschild one. In this paper, we calculate the radius of light ring and obtain the linear approximation of it with respect to the quantum correction parameter $\alpha$: $r_{l} \simeq 3 M - \frac{\alpha}{9 M}$. We then assume the QBH is backlit by a large, distant plane of uniform, isotropic emission and calculate the radius of the black hole shadow and its linear approximation: $r_{s} = 3 \sqrt{3} M - \frac{\alpha}{6 \left(\sqrt{3} M\right)}$. We also consider the photon ring structures in the shadow when the impact parameter $b$ of the photon approaches to a critical impact parameter $b_{\textrm{c}}$, and obtain a formula for estimating the deflection angle, which is $\varphi_{\textrm{def}} = - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\omega r_{l}^2}\log{\left(b - b_c\right) + \widetilde{C}(b)}$. We also numerically plot the images of shadows and photon rings of the QBH in three different illumination models and compare them with that of a Schwarzschild in each model. It is found that we could distinguish the quantum black hole with a Schwarzschild black hole by the shadow images in certain specific illumination model.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Dec 2023 18:23:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 27 Jan 2024 01:45:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-01-30
[ [ "Ye", "Jing-Peng", "" ], [ "He", "Zhi-Qing", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Ai-Xu", "" ], [ "Huang", "Zi-Yang", "" ], [ "Huang", "Jia-Hui", "" ] ]
Recently, a black hole model in loop quantum gravity has been proposed by Lewandowski, Ma, Yang and Zhang (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{130}, 101501 (2023)). The metric tensor of the quantum black hole (QBH) is a suitably modified Schwarzschild one. In this paper, we calculate the radius of light ring and obtain the linear approximation of it with respect to the quantum correction parameter $\alpha$: $r_{l} \simeq 3 M - \frac{\alpha}{9 M}$. We then assume the QBH is backlit by a large, distant plane of uniform, isotropic emission and calculate the radius of the black hole shadow and its linear approximation: $r_{s} = 3 \sqrt{3} M - \frac{\alpha}{6 \left(\sqrt{3} M\right)}$. We also consider the photon ring structures in the shadow when the impact parameter $b$ of the photon approaches to a critical impact parameter $b_{\textrm{c}}$, and obtain a formula for estimating the deflection angle, which is $\varphi_{\textrm{def}} = - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\omega r_{l}^2}\log{\left(b - b_c\right) + \widetilde{C}(b)}$. We also numerically plot the images of shadows and photon rings of the QBH in three different illumination models and compare them with that of a Schwarzschild in each model. It is found that we could distinguish the quantum black hole with a Schwarzschild black hole by the shadow images in certain specific illumination model.
1008.5006
Emil Mottola
Emil Mottola
New Horizons in Gravity: The Trace Anomaly, Dark Energy and Condensate Stars
Lectures given at the at the XLIX Krakow School. This review article is pedagogical in style, and wide ranging in scope, collecting and presenting a broad spectrum of results on black holes, the trace anomaly, and quantum effects in cosmology. 127 pages, 13 figures. In press
Acta Physica Polonica B (2010) Vol.41, iss.9, p.2031-2162
null
LA-UR 10-04531; CERN-PH-TH 2010-158
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
General Relativity receives quantum corrections relevant at macroscopic distance scales and near event horizons. These arise from the conformal scalar degrees of freedom in the extended effective field theory of gravity generated by the trace anomaly of massless quantum fields in curved space. The origin of these conformal scalar degrees of freedom as massless poles in two-particle intermediate states of anomalous amplitudes in flat space is exposed. At event horizons the conformal anomaly scalar degrees of freedom can have macroscopically large effects on the geometry, potentially removing the classical event horizon of black hole and cosmological spacetimes, replacing them with a quantum boundary layer where the effective value of the gravitational vacuum energy density can change. In the effective theory, the cosmological term becomes a dynamical condensate, whose value depends upon boundary conditions near the horizon. In the conformal phase where the anomaly induced fluctutations dominate, and the condensate dissolves, the effective cosmological "constant" is a running coupling which has an infrared stable fixed point at zero. By taking a positive value in the interior of a fully collapsed star, the effective cosmological term removes any singularity, replacing it with a smooth dark energy interior. The resulting gravitational condensate star configuration resolves all black hole paradoxes, and provides a testable alternative to black holes as the final state of complete gravitational collapse. The observed dark energy of our universe likewise may be a macroscopic finite size effect whose value depends not on microphysics but on the cosmological horizon scale.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Aug 2010 05:23:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-09-25
[ [ "Mottola", "Emil", "" ] ]
General Relativity receives quantum corrections relevant at macroscopic distance scales and near event horizons. These arise from the conformal scalar degrees of freedom in the extended effective field theory of gravity generated by the trace anomaly of massless quantum fields in curved space. The origin of these conformal scalar degrees of freedom as massless poles in two-particle intermediate states of anomalous amplitudes in flat space is exposed. At event horizons the conformal anomaly scalar degrees of freedom can have macroscopically large effects on the geometry, potentially removing the classical event horizon of black hole and cosmological spacetimes, replacing them with a quantum boundary layer where the effective value of the gravitational vacuum energy density can change. In the effective theory, the cosmological term becomes a dynamical condensate, whose value depends upon boundary conditions near the horizon. In the conformal phase where the anomaly induced fluctutations dominate, and the condensate dissolves, the effective cosmological "constant" is a running coupling which has an infrared stable fixed point at zero. By taking a positive value in the interior of a fully collapsed star, the effective cosmological term removes any singularity, replacing it with a smooth dark energy interior. The resulting gravitational condensate star configuration resolves all black hole paradoxes, and provides a testable alternative to black holes as the final state of complete gravitational collapse. The observed dark energy of our universe likewise may be a macroscopic finite size effect whose value depends not on microphysics but on the cosmological horizon scale.
2104.14100
Tuan Do
Tuan Q. Do, W. F. Kao
Anisotropic power-law inflation for a model of two scalar and two vector fields
13 pages, 2 figures. Updated version, in which several typos are corrected and one reference is added. All results are not changed. Matches the published version. Comments are welcome
Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 525 (2021)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09334-y
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Inspired by an interesting counterexample to the cosmic no-hair conjecture found in a supergravity-motivated model recently, we propose a multi-field extension, in which two scalar fields are allowed to non-minimally couple to two vector fields, respectively. This model is shown to admit an exact Bianchi type I power-law solution. Furthermore, stability analysis based on the dynamical system method is performed to show that this anisotropic solution is indeed stable and attractive if both scalar fields are canonical. Nevertheless, if one of the two scalar fields is phantom then the corresponding anisotropic power-law inflation turns unstable as expected.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Apr 2021 04:31:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Jun 2021 15:38:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-22
[ [ "Do", "Tuan Q.", "" ], [ "Kao", "W. F.", "" ] ]
Inspired by an interesting counterexample to the cosmic no-hair conjecture found in a supergravity-motivated model recently, we propose a multi-field extension, in which two scalar fields are allowed to non-minimally couple to two vector fields, respectively. This model is shown to admit an exact Bianchi type I power-law solution. Furthermore, stability analysis based on the dynamical system method is performed to show that this anisotropic solution is indeed stable and attractive if both scalar fields are canonical. Nevertheless, if one of the two scalar fields is phantom then the corresponding anisotropic power-law inflation turns unstable as expected.
2206.10398
Roldao da Rocha
R. Casadio, R. da Rocha, P. Meert, L. Tabarroni, W. Barreto
Configurational entropy of black hole quantum cores
14 pages, 4 figures, improved version
Class. Quantum Grav. 40 (2023) 075014
10.1088/1361-6382/acbe89
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Two types of information entropy are studied for the quantum states of a model for the matter core inside a black hole geometry. A detailed description is first given of the quantum mechanical picture leading to a spectrum of bound states for a collapsing ball of dust in general relativity with a non-trivial ground state. Information entropies are then computed, shedding new light on the stability of the ground state and the spectrum of higher excited states.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Jun 2022 13:43:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2022 14:44:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-15
[ [ "Casadio", "R.", "" ], [ "da Rocha", "R.", "" ], [ "Meert", "P.", "" ], [ "Tabarroni", "L.", "" ], [ "Barreto", "W.", "" ] ]
Two types of information entropy are studied for the quantum states of a model for the matter core inside a black hole geometry. A detailed description is first given of the quantum mechanical picture leading to a spectrum of bound states for a collapsing ball of dust in general relativity with a non-trivial ground state. Information entropies are then computed, shedding new light on the stability of the ground state and the spectrum of higher excited states.
0708.0170
Volker Perlick
Volker Perlick
On the radar method in general-relativistic spacetimes
Written version of talk given at 359th WE Heraeus Seminar ``Lasers, Clocks, and Drag-Free. New Technologies for Testing Relativistic Gravity in Space.'' Bremen, 2005; to appear in H. Dittus, C. L{\"a}mmerzahl, S. G. Turyshev (eds.): ``Lasers, Clocks, and Drag-Free Control. Exploration of Relativistic Gravity in Space.'' Springer, 2007
null
10.1007/978-3-540-34377-6_5
null
gr-qc
null
If a clock, mathematically modeled by a parametrized timelike curve in a general-relativistic spacetime, is given, the radar method assigns a time and a distance to every event which is sufficiently close to the clock. Several geometric aspects of this method are reviewed and their physical interpretation is discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Aug 2007 14:54:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Perlick", "Volker", "" ] ]
If a clock, mathematically modeled by a parametrized timelike curve in a general-relativistic spacetime, is given, the radar method assigns a time and a distance to every event which is sufficiently close to the clock. Several geometric aspects of this method are reviewed and their physical interpretation is discussed.
gr-qc/9605074
Salman Habib
Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Salman Habib, and Emil Mottola (Los Alamos)
Comment on "Gravitationally Induced Neutrino-Oscillation Phases"
Plain LaTeX, 7 pages, no figures
Phys. Rev. D59 (1999) 067301
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.067301
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph quant-ph
null
We critically examine the recent claim (gr-qc/9603008) of a ``new effect'' of gravitationally induced quantum mechanical phases in neutrino oscillations. A straightforward exercise in the Schwarzschild coordinates appropriate to a spherically symmetric non-rotating star shows that, although there is a general relativistic effect of the star's gravity on neutrino oscillations, it is not of the form claimed, and is too small to be measured.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Jun 1996 05:16:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Tanmoy", "", "Los Alamos" ], [ "Habib", "Salman", "", "Los Alamos" ], [ "Mottola", "Emil", "", "Los Alamos" ] ]
We critically examine the recent claim (gr-qc/9603008) of a ``new effect'' of gravitationally induced quantum mechanical phases in neutrino oscillations. A straightforward exercise in the Schwarzschild coordinates appropriate to a spherically symmetric non-rotating star shows that, although there is a general relativistic effect of the star's gravity on neutrino oscillations, it is not of the form claimed, and is too small to be measured.
gr-qc/9811028
Leor Barack
Leor Barack
Late time dynamics of scalar perturbations outside black holes: II. Schwarzschild geometry
17 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D59 (1999) 044017
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.044017
null
gr-qc
null
We apply a new analytic scheme, developed in a preceding paper, in order to calculate the late time behavior of scalar test fields evolving outside a Schwarzschild black hole. The pattern of the late time decay at future null infinity is found to be the same as in the shell toy-model studied in the preceding paper. A simple late time expansion of the scalar field is then used, relying on the results at null infinity, to construct a complete picture of the late time wave behavior anywhere outside the black hole. This reproduces the well known power-law tails at time-like infinity and along the event horizon. The main motivation for the introduction of the new approach arises from its applicability to rotating black holes, as shall be discussed in a forthcoming paper.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Nov 1998 10:19:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ] ]
We apply a new analytic scheme, developed in a preceding paper, in order to calculate the late time behavior of scalar test fields evolving outside a Schwarzschild black hole. The pattern of the late time decay at future null infinity is found to be the same as in the shell toy-model studied in the preceding paper. A simple late time expansion of the scalar field is then used, relying on the results at null infinity, to construct a complete picture of the late time wave behavior anywhere outside the black hole. This reproduces the well known power-law tails at time-like infinity and along the event horizon. The main motivation for the introduction of the new approach arises from its applicability to rotating black holes, as shall be discussed in a forthcoming paper.
gr-qc/9710139
Robert Mann
H. Burton, R.B. Mann
Palatini Variational Principle for $N$-Dimensional Dilaton Gravity
16 pages, LaTeX
Class.Quant.Grav. 15 (1998) 1375-1385
10.1088/0264-9381/15/5/019
WATPHYS TH-97/16
gr-qc
null
We consider a Palatini variation on a general $N$-Dimensional second order, torsion-free dilaton gravity action and determine the resulting equations of motion. Consistency is checked by considering the restraint imposed due to invariance of the matter action under simple coordinate transformations, and the special case of N=2 is examined. We also examine a sub-class of theories whereby a Palatini variation dynamically coincides with that of the "ordinary" Hilbert variational principle; in particular we examine a generalized Brans-Dicke theory and the associated role of conformal transformations.
[ { "created": "Fri, 31 Oct 1997 21:22:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Burton", "H.", "" ], [ "Mann", "R. B.", "" ] ]
We consider a Palatini variation on a general $N$-Dimensional second order, torsion-free dilaton gravity action and determine the resulting equations of motion. Consistency is checked by considering the restraint imposed due to invariance of the matter action under simple coordinate transformations, and the special case of N=2 is examined. We also examine a sub-class of theories whereby a Palatini variation dynamically coincides with that of the "ordinary" Hilbert variational principle; in particular we examine a generalized Brans-Dicke theory and the associated role of conformal transformations.
gr-qc/0305019
Yee J. Ng
Y. Jack Ng (University of North Carolina)
Selected topics in Planck-scale physics
31 pages, 1 figure; minor changes; to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A as a Brief Review
Mod.Phys.Lett.A18:1073-1098,2003
10.1142/S0217732303010934
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
We review a few topics in Planck-scale physics, with emphasis on possible manifestations in relatively low energy. The selected topics include quantum fluctuations of spacetime, their cumulative effects, uncertainties in energy-momentum measurements, and low energy quantum-gravity phenomenology. The focus is on quantum-gravity-induced uncertainties in some observable quantities. We consider four possible ways to probe Planck-scale physics experimentally: 1. looking for energy-dependent spreads in the arrival time of photons of the same energy from GRBs; 2. examining spacetime fluctuation-induced phase incoherence of light from extragalactic sources; 3. detecting spacetime foam with laser-based interferometry techniques; 4. understanding the threshold anomalies in high energy cosmic ray and gamma ray events. Some other experiments are briefly discussed. We show how some physics behind black holes, simple clocks, simple computers, and the holographic principle is related to Planck-scale physics. We also discuss a formulation of the Dirac equation as a difference equation on a discrete Planck-scale spacetime lattice, and a possible interplay between Planck-scale and Hubble-scale physics encoded in the cosmological constant (dark energy).
[ { "created": "Sun, 4 May 2003 21:22:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 15 May 2003 19:00:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Ng", "Y. Jack", "", "University of North Carolina" ] ]
We review a few topics in Planck-scale physics, with emphasis on possible manifestations in relatively low energy. The selected topics include quantum fluctuations of spacetime, their cumulative effects, uncertainties in energy-momentum measurements, and low energy quantum-gravity phenomenology. The focus is on quantum-gravity-induced uncertainties in some observable quantities. We consider four possible ways to probe Planck-scale physics experimentally: 1. looking for energy-dependent spreads in the arrival time of photons of the same energy from GRBs; 2. examining spacetime fluctuation-induced phase incoherence of light from extragalactic sources; 3. detecting spacetime foam with laser-based interferometry techniques; 4. understanding the threshold anomalies in high energy cosmic ray and gamma ray events. Some other experiments are briefly discussed. We show how some physics behind black holes, simple clocks, simple computers, and the holographic principle is related to Planck-scale physics. We also discuss a formulation of the Dirac equation as a difference equation on a discrete Planck-scale spacetime lattice, and a possible interplay between Planck-scale and Hubble-scale physics encoded in the cosmological constant (dark energy).
1807.06509
Lior M. Burko
Caroline Mallary, Gaurav Khanna, Lior M. Burko
Physical objects approaching the Cauchy horizon of a rapidly rotating Kerr black hole
null
Phys. Rev. D 98, 104024 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.104024
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We solve the 2+1-dimensional Teukolsky equation numerically for the Weyl scalars $\psi_0$ and $\psi_4$ along a time-like geodesic approaching the Cauchy horizon of a rapidly rotating perturbed Kerr black hole. We find that both the amplitude and frequency of the Weyl scalars agree with the results of linear perturbation analysis. We then model a physical object by a simple damped harmonic oscillator, which is driven by an external force that mimics the tidal force experienced by the infalling object. We use this model to find the total deformation of the object at the Cauchy horizon, and the resonant effect when the driving force's frequency matches the internal frequency of the oscillator that models the object.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Jul 2018 15:46:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Dec 2018 19:26:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-12-10
[ [ "Mallary", "Caroline", "" ], [ "Khanna", "Gaurav", "" ], [ "Burko", "Lior M.", "" ] ]
We solve the 2+1-dimensional Teukolsky equation numerically for the Weyl scalars $\psi_0$ and $\psi_4$ along a time-like geodesic approaching the Cauchy horizon of a rapidly rotating perturbed Kerr black hole. We find that both the amplitude and frequency of the Weyl scalars agree with the results of linear perturbation analysis. We then model a physical object by a simple damped harmonic oscillator, which is driven by an external force that mimics the tidal force experienced by the infalling object. We use this model to find the total deformation of the object at the Cauchy horizon, and the resonant effect when the driving force's frequency matches the internal frequency of the oscillator that models the object.
2105.09294
Lorenzo Gavassino
Lorenzo Gavassino
Proving the Lorentz invariance of the entropy and the covariance of thermodynamics
10 pages
Foundations of Physics volume 52, Article number: 11 (2022)
10.1007/s10701-021-00518-w
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE cond-mat.stat-mech hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The standard argument for the Lorentz invariance of the thermodynamic entropy in equilibrium is based on the assumption that it is possible to perform an adiabatic transformation whose only outcome is to accelerate a macroscopic body, keeping its rest mass unchanged. The validity of this assumption constitutes the very foundation of relativistic thermodynamics and needs to be tested in greater detail. We show that, indeed, such a transformation is always possible, at least in principle. The only two assumptions invoked in the proof are that there is at least one inertial reference frame in which the second law of thermodynamics is valid and that the microscopic theory describing the internal dynamics of the body is a field theory, with Lorentz invariant Lagrangian density. The proof makes no reference to the connection between entropy and probabilities and is valid both within classical and quantum physics. To avoid any risk of circular reasoning, we do not postulate that the laws of thermodynamics are the same in every reference frame, but we obtain this fact as a direct consequence of the Lorentz invariance of the entropy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 May 2021 17:55:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Jun 2021 16:15:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-12-15
[ [ "Gavassino", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
The standard argument for the Lorentz invariance of the thermodynamic entropy in equilibrium is based on the assumption that it is possible to perform an adiabatic transformation whose only outcome is to accelerate a macroscopic body, keeping its rest mass unchanged. The validity of this assumption constitutes the very foundation of relativistic thermodynamics and needs to be tested in greater detail. We show that, indeed, such a transformation is always possible, at least in principle. The only two assumptions invoked in the proof are that there is at least one inertial reference frame in which the second law of thermodynamics is valid and that the microscopic theory describing the internal dynamics of the body is a field theory, with Lorentz invariant Lagrangian density. The proof makes no reference to the connection between entropy and probabilities and is valid both within classical and quantum physics. To avoid any risk of circular reasoning, we do not postulate that the laws of thermodynamics are the same in every reference frame, but we obtain this fact as a direct consequence of the Lorentz invariance of the entropy.
2402.13665
Nikolaos Dimakis
Homa Shababi, Theophanes Grammenos, Nikolaos Dimakis, Andronikos Paliathanasis and Theodosios Christodoulakis
A five-dimensional Bianchi type V-like extension
21 pages, 4 figures, Latex2e source file
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We uncover the solution space of a five dimensional geometry which we deem it as the direct counterpart of the Bianchi Type V cosmological model. We kinematically reduce the scale factor matrix and then, with an appropriate scaling and choice of time, we cast the spatial equations into a simple ``Kasner'' like form; thus revealing linear integrals of motion. Their number is enough so that, along with the quadratic constraint, it suffices to scan the entire space of solutions. The latter is revealed to be quite rich, containing cosmological solutions, some of which admit dimensional reduction asymptotically to four dimensions, Kundt spacetimes with vanishing type I (polynomial) curvature scalars and solutions describing periodic universes which behave like cosmological time crystals.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Feb 2024 09:55:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-22
[ [ "Shababi", "Homa", "" ], [ "Grammenos", "Theophanes", "" ], [ "Dimakis", "Nikolaos", "" ], [ "Paliathanasis", "Andronikos", "" ], [ "Christodoulakis", "Theodosios", "" ] ]
We uncover the solution space of a five dimensional geometry which we deem it as the direct counterpart of the Bianchi Type V cosmological model. We kinematically reduce the scale factor matrix and then, with an appropriate scaling and choice of time, we cast the spatial equations into a simple ``Kasner'' like form; thus revealing linear integrals of motion. Their number is enough so that, along with the quadratic constraint, it suffices to scan the entire space of solutions. The latter is revealed to be quite rich, containing cosmological solutions, some of which admit dimensional reduction asymptotically to four dimensions, Kundt spacetimes with vanishing type I (polynomial) curvature scalars and solutions describing periodic universes which behave like cosmological time crystals.
0709.4391
De-Chang Dai
De-Chang Dai, Irit Maor and Glenn Starkman
Modified Gravity: living without Birkhoff I. DGP
5 pages, 3 figures
Phys.Rev.D77:064016,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.064016
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We consider the consequences of the absence of Birkhoff's theorem in theories of modified gravity. As an example, we calculate the gravitational force on a test particle due to a spherical mass shell in the Dvali-Gabadaze-Porrati model (DGP). We show that unlike in General Relativity, the force depends on the mass distribution. In particular, the gravitational force within a spherical mass shell depends on the geometric structure of the bulk, and is likely non-zero.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Sep 2007 13:23:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Dec 2007 17:59:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Dai", "De-Chang", "" ], [ "Maor", "Irit", "" ], [ "Starkman", "Glenn", "" ] ]
We consider the consequences of the absence of Birkhoff's theorem in theories of modified gravity. As an example, we calculate the gravitational force on a test particle due to a spherical mass shell in the Dvali-Gabadaze-Porrati model (DGP). We show that unlike in General Relativity, the force depends on the mass distribution. In particular, the gravitational force within a spherical mass shell depends on the geometric structure of the bulk, and is likely non-zero.
1111.4187
Roberto Chan
R. Chan, M. F. A. da Silva, P. Senna, J. F. Villas da Rocha
Gravastars with Dark Energy Evolving to Naked Singularity
18 pages and 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1012.1233 and arXiv:0812.4924v2
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a gravastar model made of anisotropic dark energy with an infinitely thin spherical shell of a perfect fluid with the equation of state $p = (1-\gamma)\sigma$ with an external de Sitter-Schwarzschild region. It is found that in some cases the models represent the "bounded excursion" stable gravastars, where the thin shell is oscillating between two finite radii, while in other cases they collapse until the formation of black holes or naked singularities. An interesting result is that we can have black hole and stable gravastar formation even with an interior and a shell constituted of dark and repulsive dark energy, as also shown in previous work. Besides, in three cases we have a dynamical evolution to a black hole (for $\Lambda=0$) or to a naked singularity (for $\Lambda > 0$). This is the first time in the literature that a naked singularity emerges from a gravastar model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Nov 2011 19:20:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-19
[ [ "Chan", "R.", "" ], [ "da Silva", "M. F. A.", "" ], [ "Senna", "P.", "" ], [ "da Rocha", "J. F. Villas", "" ] ]
We consider a gravastar model made of anisotropic dark energy with an infinitely thin spherical shell of a perfect fluid with the equation of state $p = (1-\gamma)\sigma$ with an external de Sitter-Schwarzschild region. It is found that in some cases the models represent the "bounded excursion" stable gravastars, where the thin shell is oscillating between two finite radii, while in other cases they collapse until the formation of black holes or naked singularities. An interesting result is that we can have black hole and stable gravastar formation even with an interior and a shell constituted of dark and repulsive dark energy, as also shown in previous work. Besides, in three cases we have a dynamical evolution to a black hole (for $\Lambda=0$) or to a naked singularity (for $\Lambda > 0$). This is the first time in the literature that a naked singularity emerges from a gravastar model.
2010.00151
Tianchi Ma
Tian-Chi Ma and He-Xu Zhang and Peng-Zhang He and Hao-Ran Zhang and Yuan Chen and Jian-Bo Deng
Shadow cast by a rotating and nonlinear magnetic-charged black hole in perfect fluid dark matter
null
null
10.1142/S0217732321501121
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derived an exact solution of the spherically symmetric Hayward black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM). By applying the Newman-Janis algorithm, we generalized it to the corresponding rotating black hole. Then, we studied the shadows of rotating Hayward black hole in PFDM. The apparent shape of the shadow depends upon the black hole spin $a$, the magnetic charge $Q$ and the PFDM intensity parameter $k$ ($k<0$). The shadow is a perfect circle in the non-rotating case ($a=0$) and a deformed one in the rotating case ($a\neq{0}$). For a fixed value of $a$, the size of the shadow increases with the increasing $\vert{k}\vert$, but decreases with the increasing $Q$. We further investigated the black hole emission rate. We found that the emission rate decreases with the increasing $\vert{k}\vert$ (or $Q$) and the peak of the emission shifts to lower frequency. Finally, we discussed the observational prospects corresponding to the supermassive black hole $\mathrm{Sgr\ A^{*}}$ at the center of the Milky Way.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Oct 2020 00:03:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 7 Mar 2021 14:22:42 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 18 Dec 2021 19:00:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-12-21
[ [ "Ma", "Tian-Chi", "" ], [ "Zhang", "He-Xu", "" ], [ "He", "Peng-Zhang", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Hao-Ran", "" ], [ "Chen", "Yuan", "" ], [ "Deng", "Jian-Bo", "" ] ]
We derived an exact solution of the spherically symmetric Hayward black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM). By applying the Newman-Janis algorithm, we generalized it to the corresponding rotating black hole. Then, we studied the shadows of rotating Hayward black hole in PFDM. The apparent shape of the shadow depends upon the black hole spin $a$, the magnetic charge $Q$ and the PFDM intensity parameter $k$ ($k<0$). The shadow is a perfect circle in the non-rotating case ($a=0$) and a deformed one in the rotating case ($a\neq{0}$). For a fixed value of $a$, the size of the shadow increases with the increasing $\vert{k}\vert$, but decreases with the increasing $Q$. We further investigated the black hole emission rate. We found that the emission rate decreases with the increasing $\vert{k}\vert$ (or $Q$) and the peak of the emission shifts to lower frequency. Finally, we discussed the observational prospects corresponding to the supermassive black hole $\mathrm{Sgr\ A^{*}}$ at the center of the Milky Way.
1102.2626
A. Tawfik
A. Tawfik (Egyptian Ctr. Theor. Phys., Cairo)
The Hubble parameter in the early universe with viscous QCD matter and finite cosmological constant
9 pages, 4 eps figures, 5 eps graphs, revtex4-style. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0110119 and arXiv:1001.2814
Ann. Phys. (Berlin) 523, No. 5, 423 - 434 (2011)
10.1002/andp.201100038
ECTP-2011-01
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The evolution of a flat, isotropic and homogeneous universe is studied. The background geometry in the early phases of the universe is conjectured to be filled with causal bulk viscous cosmological fluid and dark energy. The energy density relations obtained from the assumption of covariant conservation of energy-momentum tensor of the background matter in the early universe are used to derive the basic equation for the Hubble parameter $H$. The viscous properties described by ultra-relativistic equations of state and bulk viscosity taken from recent heavy-ion collisions and lattice QCD calculations have been utilized to give an approximate solution of the field equations. The cosmological constant is conjectured to be related to the energy density of the vacuum. In this treatment, there is a clear evidence for singularity at vanishing cosmic time $t$ indicating the dominant contribution from the dark energy. The time evolution of $H$ seems to last for much longer time than the ideal case, where both cosmological constant and viscosity coefficient are entirely vanishing.
[ { "created": "Sun, 13 Feb 2011 19:25:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Apr 2012 20:31:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-04-23
[ [ "Tawfik", "A.", "", "Egyptian Ctr. Theor. Phys., Cairo" ] ]
The evolution of a flat, isotropic and homogeneous universe is studied. The background geometry in the early phases of the universe is conjectured to be filled with causal bulk viscous cosmological fluid and dark energy. The energy density relations obtained from the assumption of covariant conservation of energy-momentum tensor of the background matter in the early universe are used to derive the basic equation for the Hubble parameter $H$. The viscous properties described by ultra-relativistic equations of state and bulk viscosity taken from recent heavy-ion collisions and lattice QCD calculations have been utilized to give an approximate solution of the field equations. The cosmological constant is conjectured to be related to the energy density of the vacuum. In this treatment, there is a clear evidence for singularity at vanishing cosmic time $t$ indicating the dominant contribution from the dark energy. The time evolution of $H$ seems to last for much longer time than the ideal case, where both cosmological constant and viscosity coefficient are entirely vanishing.
gr-qc/9401031
Biplab Bhawal
Biplab Bhawal and Vijay Chickarmane
Squeezing and Dual Recycling in Laser Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detectors
Plain tex, 11 pages, 1 figure available on request from biplab@iucaa.ernet.in
Phys.Lett. A190 (1994) 22; Erratum-ibid. A196 (1995) 377
10.1016/0375-9601(94)90360-3
null
gr-qc
null
We calculate the response of an ideal Michelson interferometer incorporating both dual recycling and squeezed light to gravitational waves. The photon counting noise has contributions from the light which is sent in through the input ports as well as the vacuum modes at sideband frequencies generated by the gravitational waves. The minimum detectable gravity wave amplitude depends on the frequency of the wave as well as the squeezing and recycling parameters. Both squeezing and the broadband operation of dual recycling reduce the photon counting noise and hence the two techniques can be used together to make more accurate phase measurements. The variance of photon number is found to be time-dependent, oscillating at the gravity wave frequency but of much lower order than the constant part.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Jan 1994 15:00:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Bhawal", "Biplab", "" ], [ "Chickarmane", "Vijay", "" ] ]
We calculate the response of an ideal Michelson interferometer incorporating both dual recycling and squeezed light to gravitational waves. The photon counting noise has contributions from the light which is sent in through the input ports as well as the vacuum modes at sideband frequencies generated by the gravitational waves. The minimum detectable gravity wave amplitude depends on the frequency of the wave as well as the squeezing and recycling parameters. Both squeezing and the broadband operation of dual recycling reduce the photon counting noise and hence the two techniques can be used together to make more accurate phase measurements. The variance of photon number is found to be time-dependent, oscillating at the gravity wave frequency but of much lower order than the constant part.
1312.6425
Abhay Ashtekar
Abhay Ashtekar
The Last 50 Years of General Relativity and Gravitation: From GR3 to GR20 Warsaw Conferences
15 pages, one figure. Minor typos corrected. A para on talks at GR3 on asymptotics added in the beginning of Section 2
Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 46, 1706 (2014)
10.1007/s10714-014-1706-2
IGC-13/12-2
gr-qc hep-th physics.hist-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This article has a dual purpose: i) to provide a flavor of the scientific highlights of the landmark conference, GR3, held in July 1962 at Jablonna, near Warsaw; and, ii) to present a bird's eye view of the tremendous advances that have occurred over the half century that separates GR3 and GR20, which was again held in Warsaw in July 2013.
[ { "created": "Sun, 22 Dec 2013 21:17:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Jan 2014 17:48:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-04-17
[ [ "Ashtekar", "Abhay", "" ] ]
This article has a dual purpose: i) to provide a flavor of the scientific highlights of the landmark conference, GR3, held in July 1962 at Jablonna, near Warsaw; and, ii) to present a bird's eye view of the tremendous advances that have occurred over the half century that separates GR3 and GR20, which was again held in Warsaw in July 2013.
gr-qc/9709016
Joan Masso
Carles Bona, Joan Masso, Ed Seidel and Joan Stela
First order hyperbolic formalism for Numerical Relativity
To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D56:3405-3415,1997
10.1103/PhysRevD.56.3405
null
gr-qc
null
The causal structure of Einstein's evolution equations is considered. We show that in general they can be written as a first order system of balance laws for any choice of slicing or shift. We also show how certain terms in the evolution equations, that can lead to numerical inaccuracies, can be eliminated by using the Hamiltonian constraint. Furthermore, we show that the entire system is hyperbolic when the time coordinate is chosen in an invariant algebraic way, and for any fixed choice of the shift. This is achieved by using the momentum constraints in such as way that no additional space or time derivatives of the equations need to be computed. The slicings that allow hyperbolicity in this formulation belong to a large class, including harmonic, maximal, and many others that have been commonly used in numerical relativity. We provide details of some of the advanced numerical methods that this formulation of the equations allows, and we also discuss certain advantages that a hyperbolic formulation provides when treating boundary conditions.
[ { "created": "Sun, 7 Sep 1997 16:10:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-21
[ [ "Bona", "Carles", "" ], [ "Masso", "Joan", "" ], [ "Seidel", "Ed", "" ], [ "Stela", "Joan", "" ] ]
The causal structure of Einstein's evolution equations is considered. We show that in general they can be written as a first order system of balance laws for any choice of slicing or shift. We also show how certain terms in the evolution equations, that can lead to numerical inaccuracies, can be eliminated by using the Hamiltonian constraint. Furthermore, we show that the entire system is hyperbolic when the time coordinate is chosen in an invariant algebraic way, and for any fixed choice of the shift. This is achieved by using the momentum constraints in such as way that no additional space or time derivatives of the equations need to be computed. The slicings that allow hyperbolicity in this formulation belong to a large class, including harmonic, maximal, and many others that have been commonly used in numerical relativity. We provide details of some of the advanced numerical methods that this formulation of the equations allows, and we also discuss certain advantages that a hyperbolic formulation provides when treating boundary conditions.
1704.05639
Edgar Gasperin
Alfonso Garc\'ia-Parrado G\'omez-Lobo, Edgar Gasperin, Juan A. Valiente Kroon
Conformal geodesics in spherically symmetric vacuum spacetimes with Cosmological constant
51 pages, 12 figures. Minor changes. File updated. To appear in CQG
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aa9f59
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An analysis of conformal geodesics in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter families of spacetimes is given. For both families of spacetimes we show that initial data on a spacelike hypersurface can be given such that the congruence of conformal geodesics arising from this data cover the whole maximal extension of canonical conformal representations of the spacetimes without forming caustic points. For the Schwarzschild-de Sitter family, the resulting congruence can be used to obtain global conformal Gaussian systems of coordinates of the conformal representation. In the case of the Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter family, the natural parameter of the curves only covers a restricted time span so that these global conformal Gaussian systems do not exist.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 Apr 2017 07:49:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Dec 2017 21:02:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-02-14
[ [ "Gómez-Lobo", "Alfonso García-Parrado", "" ], [ "Gasperin", "Edgar", "" ], [ "Kroon", "Juan A. Valiente", "" ] ]
An analysis of conformal geodesics in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter families of spacetimes is given. For both families of spacetimes we show that initial data on a spacelike hypersurface can be given such that the congruence of conformal geodesics arising from this data cover the whole maximal extension of canonical conformal representations of the spacetimes without forming caustic points. For the Schwarzschild-de Sitter family, the resulting congruence can be used to obtain global conformal Gaussian systems of coordinates of the conformal representation. In the case of the Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter family, the natural parameter of the curves only covers a restricted time span so that these global conformal Gaussian systems do not exist.
1711.09430
Lavinia Heisenberg
Lavinia Heisenberg and Shinji Tsujikawa
Dark energy survivals in massive gravity after GW170817: SO(3) invariant
26 pages, 2 figues
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2018/01/044
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The recent detection of the gravitational wave signal GW170817 together with an electromagnetic counterpart GRB 170817A from the merger of two neutron stars puts a stringent bound on the tensor propagation speed. This constraint can be automatically satisfied in the framework of massive gravity. In this work we consider a general $SO(3)$-invariant massive gravity with five propagating degrees of freedom and derive the conditions for the absence of ghosts and Laplacian instabilities in the presence of a matter perfect fluid on the flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological background. The graviton potential containing the dependence of three-dimensional metrics and a fiducial metric coupled to a temporal scalar field gives rise to a scenario of the late-time cosmic acceleration in which the dark energy equation of state $w_{\rm DE}$ is equivalent to $-1$ or varies in time. We find that the deviation from the value $w_{\rm DE}=-1$ provides important contributions to the quantities associated with the stability conditions of tensor, vector, and scalar perturbations. In concrete models, we study the dynamics of dark energy arising from the graviton potential and show that there exist viable parameter spaces in which neither ghosts nor Laplacian instabilities are present for both $w_{\rm DE}>-1$ and $w_{\rm DE}<-1$. We also generally obtain the effective gravitational coupling $G_{\rm eff}$ with non-relativistic matter as well as the gravitational slip parameter $\eta_s$ associated with the observations of large-scale structures and weak lensing. We show that, apart from a specific case, the two quantities $G_{\rm eff}$ and $\eta_s$ are similar to those in general relativity for scalar perturbations deep inside the sound horizon.
[ { "created": "Sun, 26 Nov 2017 17:36:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-03
[ [ "Heisenberg", "Lavinia", "" ], [ "Tsujikawa", "Shinji", "" ] ]
The recent detection of the gravitational wave signal GW170817 together with an electromagnetic counterpart GRB 170817A from the merger of two neutron stars puts a stringent bound on the tensor propagation speed. This constraint can be automatically satisfied in the framework of massive gravity. In this work we consider a general $SO(3)$-invariant massive gravity with five propagating degrees of freedom and derive the conditions for the absence of ghosts and Laplacian instabilities in the presence of a matter perfect fluid on the flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological background. The graviton potential containing the dependence of three-dimensional metrics and a fiducial metric coupled to a temporal scalar field gives rise to a scenario of the late-time cosmic acceleration in which the dark energy equation of state $w_{\rm DE}$ is equivalent to $-1$ or varies in time. We find that the deviation from the value $w_{\rm DE}=-1$ provides important contributions to the quantities associated with the stability conditions of tensor, vector, and scalar perturbations. In concrete models, we study the dynamics of dark energy arising from the graviton potential and show that there exist viable parameter spaces in which neither ghosts nor Laplacian instabilities are present for both $w_{\rm DE}>-1$ and $w_{\rm DE}<-1$. We also generally obtain the effective gravitational coupling $G_{\rm eff}$ with non-relativistic matter as well as the gravitational slip parameter $\eta_s$ associated with the observations of large-scale structures and weak lensing. We show that, apart from a specific case, the two quantities $G_{\rm eff}$ and $\eta_s$ are similar to those in general relativity for scalar perturbations deep inside the sound horizon.
2306.11588
Andrea Pierfrancesco Sanna
M. Cadoni, A. P. Sanna, M. Pitzalis, B. Banerjee, R. Murgia, N. Hazra, M. Branchesi
Cosmological coupling of nonsingular black holes
12 pages, 2 figures, discussions/references added, matches the version published in JCAP
JCAP 11 (2023), 007
10.1088/1475-7516/2023/11/007
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We show that -- in the framework of general relativity (GR) -- if black holes (BHs) are singularity-free objects, they couple to the large-scale cosmological dynamics. We find that the leading contribution to the resulting growth of the BH mass ($M_{\rm BH}$) as a function of the scale factor $a$ stems from the curvature term, yielding $M_{\rm BH} \propto a^k$, with $k=1$. We demonstrate that such a linear scaling is universal for spherically-symmetric objects, and it is the only contribution in the case of regular BHs. For nonsingular horizonless compact objects we instead obtain an additional subleading model-dependent term. We conclude that GR nonsingular BHs/horizonless compact objects, although cosmologically coupled, are unlikely to be the source of dark energy. We test our prediction with astrophysical data by analysing the redshift dependence of the mass growth of supermassive BHs in a sample of elliptical galaxies at redshift $z=0.8 -0.9$. We also compare our theoretical prediction with higher redshift BH mass measurements obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We find that, while $k=1$ is compatible within $1 \sigma$ with JWST results, the data from elliptical galaxies at $z=0.8 -0.9$ favour values of $k>1$. New samples of BHs covering larger mass and redshift ranges and more precise BH mass measurements are required to settle the issue.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Jun 2023 15:05:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 Dec 2023 10:00:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-04
[ [ "Cadoni", "M.", "" ], [ "Sanna", "A. P.", "" ], [ "Pitzalis", "M.", "" ], [ "Banerjee", "B.", "" ], [ "Murgia", "R.", "" ], [ "Hazra", "N.", "" ], [ "Branchesi", "M.", "" ] ]
We show that -- in the framework of general relativity (GR) -- if black holes (BHs) are singularity-free objects, they couple to the large-scale cosmological dynamics. We find that the leading contribution to the resulting growth of the BH mass ($M_{\rm BH}$) as a function of the scale factor $a$ stems from the curvature term, yielding $M_{\rm BH} \propto a^k$, with $k=1$. We demonstrate that such a linear scaling is universal for spherically-symmetric objects, and it is the only contribution in the case of regular BHs. For nonsingular horizonless compact objects we instead obtain an additional subleading model-dependent term. We conclude that GR nonsingular BHs/horizonless compact objects, although cosmologically coupled, are unlikely to be the source of dark energy. We test our prediction with astrophysical data by analysing the redshift dependence of the mass growth of supermassive BHs in a sample of elliptical galaxies at redshift $z=0.8 -0.9$. We also compare our theoretical prediction with higher redshift BH mass measurements obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We find that, while $k=1$ is compatible within $1 \sigma$ with JWST results, the data from elliptical galaxies at $z=0.8 -0.9$ favour values of $k>1$. New samples of BHs covering larger mass and redshift ranges and more precise BH mass measurements are required to settle the issue.
0812.4217
Ran Li
Ran Li, Ji-Rong Ren and Dun-Fu Shi
Fermions Tunneling from Apparent Horizon of FRW Universe
8 pages, no figures
Phys.Lett.B670:446-448,2009
10.1016/j.physletb.2008.11.029
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the paper [arXiv:0809.1554], the scalar particles' Hawking radiation from the apparent horizon of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker(FRW) universe was investigated by using the tunneling formalism. They obtained the Hawking temperature associated with the apparent horizon, which was extensively applied in investigating the relationship between the first law of thermodynamics and Friedmann equations. In this paper, we calculate Fermions' Hawking radiation from the apparent horizon of FRW universe via tunneling formalism. Applying WKB approximation to the general covariant Dirac equation in FRW spacetime background, the radiation spectrum and Hawking temperature of apparent horizon are correctly recovered, which supports the arguments presented in the paper [arXiv:0809.1554].
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Dec 2008 15:25:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-18
[ [ "Li", "Ran", "" ], [ "Ren", "Ji-Rong", "" ], [ "Shi", "Dun-Fu", "" ] ]
In the paper [arXiv:0809.1554], the scalar particles' Hawking radiation from the apparent horizon of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker(FRW) universe was investigated by using the tunneling formalism. They obtained the Hawking temperature associated with the apparent horizon, which was extensively applied in investigating the relationship between the first law of thermodynamics and Friedmann equations. In this paper, we calculate Fermions' Hawking radiation from the apparent horizon of FRW universe via tunneling formalism. Applying WKB approximation to the general covariant Dirac equation in FRW spacetime background, the radiation spectrum and Hawking temperature of apparent horizon are correctly recovered, which supports the arguments presented in the paper [arXiv:0809.1554].
gr-qc/9212010
null
A. Casher and F. Englert
Black Hole Tunneling Entropy and the Spectrum of Gravity
26 pages + 3 figures, phyzzx macropackage, figures available from Authors
Class.Quant.Grav.10:2479-2494,1993
10.1088/0264-9381/10/12/007
ULB-TH 8/92 and TAUP 2017-92
gr-qc hep-th
null
The tunneling approach for entropy generation in quantum gravity is applied to black holes. The area entropy is recovered and shown to count only a tiny fraction of the black hole degeneracy. The latter stems from the extension of the wave function outside the barrier. In fact the semi-classical analysis leads to infinite degeneracy. Evaporating black holes leave then infinitely degenerate "planckons" remnants which can neither decay into, nor be formed from, ordinary matter in a finite time. Quantum gravity opens up at the Planck scale into an infinite Hilbert space which is expected to provide the ultraviolet cutoff required to render the theory finite in the sector of large scale physics.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Dec 1992 13:51:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Casher", "A.", "" ], [ "Englert", "F.", "" ] ]
The tunneling approach for entropy generation in quantum gravity is applied to black holes. The area entropy is recovered and shown to count only a tiny fraction of the black hole degeneracy. The latter stems from the extension of the wave function outside the barrier. In fact the semi-classical analysis leads to infinite degeneracy. Evaporating black holes leave then infinitely degenerate "planckons" remnants which can neither decay into, nor be formed from, ordinary matter in a finite time. Quantum gravity opens up at the Planck scale into an infinite Hilbert space which is expected to provide the ultraviolet cutoff required to render the theory finite in the sector of large scale physics.
2106.14188
Mattia Villani Dr
Mattia Villani
Including topology change in Loop Quantum Gravity with topspin network formalism with application to homogeneous and isotropic cosmology
Accepted for the pubblication on Class. Quantum Grav
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac0e1a
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We apply topspin network formalism to Loop Quantum Gravity in order to include in the theory the possibility of changes in the topology of spacetime. We apply this formalism to three toy models: with the first, we find that the topology can actually change due to the action of the Hamiltonian constraint and with the second we find that the final state might be a superposition of states with different topologies. In the third and last application, we consider an homogeneous and isotropic Universe, calculating the difference equation that describes the evolution of the system and which are the final topological states after the action of the Hamiltonian constraint. For this last case, we also calculate the transition amplitudes and probabilities from the initial to the final states.
[ { "created": "Sun, 27 Jun 2021 10:28:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-06-29
[ [ "Villani", "Mattia", "" ] ]
We apply topspin network formalism to Loop Quantum Gravity in order to include in the theory the possibility of changes in the topology of spacetime. We apply this formalism to three toy models: with the first, we find that the topology can actually change due to the action of the Hamiltonian constraint and with the second we find that the final state might be a superposition of states with different topologies. In the third and last application, we consider an homogeneous and isotropic Universe, calculating the difference equation that describes the evolution of the system and which are the final topological states after the action of the Hamiltonian constraint. For this last case, we also calculate the transition amplitudes and probabilities from the initial to the final states.
gr-qc/0505067
Djordje Sijacki
Djordje Sijacki
Affine Particles and Fields
null
Int.J.Geom.Meth.Mod.Phys. 2 (2005) 189-201
null
null
gr-qc
null
The covering of the affine symmetry group, a semidirect product of translations and special linear transformations, in $D \geq 3$ dimensional spacetime is considered. Infinite dimensional spinorial representations on states and fields are presented. A Dirac-like affine equation, with infinite matrices generalizing the $\gamma$ matrices, is constructed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 May 2005 12:01:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Sijacki", "Djordje", "" ] ]
The covering of the affine symmetry group, a semidirect product of translations and special linear transformations, in $D \geq 3$ dimensional spacetime is considered. Infinite dimensional spinorial representations on states and fields are presented. A Dirac-like affine equation, with infinite matrices generalizing the $\gamma$ matrices, is constructed.
1803.11044
Burkhard Kleihaus
Christian Hoffmann (Massachusetts U., Amherst & Oldenburg U.), Theodora Ioannidou (Aristotle U., Thessaloniki), Sarah Kahlen, Burkhard Kleihaus, and Jutta Kunz (Oldenburg U.)
Symmetric and Asymmetric Wormholes Immersed In Rotating Matter
24 pages, 11 figures
Phys. Rev. D 97, 124019 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.124019
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider four-dimensional wormholes immersed in bosonic matter. While their existence is based on the presence of a phantom field, many of their interesting physical properties are bestowed upon them by an ordinary complex scalar field, which carries only a mass term, but no self-interactions. For instance, the rotation of the scalar field induces a rotation of the throat as well. Moreover, the bosonic matter need not be symmetrically distributed in both asymptotically flat regions, leading to symmetric and asymmetric rotating wormhole spacetimes. The presence of the rotating matter also allows for wormholes with a double throat.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Mar 2018 13:10:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-06-20
[ [ "Hoffmann", "Christian", "", "Massachusetts U., Amherst & Oldenburg U." ], [ "Ioannidou", "Theodora", "", "Aristotle U., Thessaloniki" ], [ "Kahlen", "Sarah", "", "Oldenburg U." ], [ "Kleihaus", "Burkhard", "", "Oldenburg U." ], [ ...
We consider four-dimensional wormholes immersed in bosonic matter. While their existence is based on the presence of a phantom field, many of their interesting physical properties are bestowed upon them by an ordinary complex scalar field, which carries only a mass term, but no self-interactions. For instance, the rotation of the scalar field induces a rotation of the throat as well. Moreover, the bosonic matter need not be symmetrically distributed in both asymptotically flat regions, leading to symmetric and asymmetric rotating wormhole spacetimes. The presence of the rotating matter also allows for wormholes with a double throat.
1409.2877
Carlos A. R. Herdeiro
Carlos Herdeiro, Eugen Radu, Helgi Runarsson
Non-linear Q-clouds around Kerr black holes
11 pages, 4 figures
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2014.11.005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Q-balls are regular extended `objects' that exist for some non-gravitating, self-interacting, scalar field theories with a global, continuous, internal symmetry, on Minkowski spacetime. Here, analogous objects are also shown to exist around rotating (Kerr) black holes, as non-linear bound states of a test scalar field. We dub such configurations Q-clouds. We focus on a complex massive scalar field with quartic plus hexic self-interactions. Without the self-interactions, linear clouds have been shown to exist, in synchronous rotation with the black hole horizon, along 1-dimensional subspaces - existence lines - of the Kerr 2-dimensional parameter space. They are zero modes of the superradiant instability. Non-linear Q-clouds, on the other hand, are also in synchronous rotation with the black hole horizon; but they exist on a 2-dimensional subspace, delimited by a minimal horizon angular velocity and by an appropriate existence line, wherein the non-linear terms become irrelevant and the Q-cloud reduces to a linear cloud. Thus, Q-clouds provide an example of scalar bound states around Kerr black holes which, generically, are not zero modes of the superradiant instability. We describe some physical properties of Q-clouds, whose backreaction leads to a new family of hairy black holes, continuously connected to the Kerr family.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Sep 2014 20:00:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-22
[ [ "Herdeiro", "Carlos", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ], [ "Runarsson", "Helgi", "" ] ]
Q-balls are regular extended `objects' that exist for some non-gravitating, self-interacting, scalar field theories with a global, continuous, internal symmetry, on Minkowski spacetime. Here, analogous objects are also shown to exist around rotating (Kerr) black holes, as non-linear bound states of a test scalar field. We dub such configurations Q-clouds. We focus on a complex massive scalar field with quartic plus hexic self-interactions. Without the self-interactions, linear clouds have been shown to exist, in synchronous rotation with the black hole horizon, along 1-dimensional subspaces - existence lines - of the Kerr 2-dimensional parameter space. They are zero modes of the superradiant instability. Non-linear Q-clouds, on the other hand, are also in synchronous rotation with the black hole horizon; but they exist on a 2-dimensional subspace, delimited by a minimal horizon angular velocity and by an appropriate existence line, wherein the non-linear terms become irrelevant and the Q-cloud reduces to a linear cloud. Thus, Q-clouds provide an example of scalar bound states around Kerr black holes which, generically, are not zero modes of the superradiant instability. We describe some physical properties of Q-clouds, whose backreaction leads to a new family of hairy black holes, continuously connected to the Kerr family.
gr-qc/0410052
Kamal Nandi
K.K. Nandi and D.H. Xu
Unruh model for the Einstein-Rosen charge: Squealing Wormholes?
10 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We present two kinds of acoustic models for the massless electric charge conceived by Einstein and Rosen in the form of a bridge (wormhole throat). It is found that the first kind of modelling requires a thin layer of exotic matter at the bridge. We also derive an acoustic equation that exclusively characterizes the model. Using a second kind of model, it is demonstrated that the Einstein-Rosen charge has a sonic Hawking-Unruh temperature proportional to +-1/$beta$, where $beta$ is the size of the charge. This suggests that (squealing!) wormholes can also be formally accommodated into Unruh's fluid model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Oct 2004 14:04:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 13 Oct 2004 09:07:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Nandi", "K. K.", "" ], [ "Xu", "D. H.", "" ] ]
We present two kinds of acoustic models for the massless electric charge conceived by Einstein and Rosen in the form of a bridge (wormhole throat). It is found that the first kind of modelling requires a thin layer of exotic matter at the bridge. We also derive an acoustic equation that exclusively characterizes the model. Using a second kind of model, it is demonstrated that the Einstein-Rosen charge has a sonic Hawking-Unruh temperature proportional to +-1/$beta$, where $beta$ is the size of the charge. This suggests that (squealing!) wormholes can also be formally accommodated into Unruh's fluid model.
2205.14635
Handhika Ramadhan
A S. Habibina and H. S. Ramadhan
Bound orbits around charged black strings
29 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in Annals of Physics
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study the geodesics of $5d$ Reissner-Nordstrom and nonsingular black strings, and establish a rational bound orbit taxonomy for both massive as well as null test particles. For the timelike case, test particles with high energy (that would have made them plunge into or scatter off a black hole) could still form bound orbits around the black strings. We calculate the accumulated angles of the corresponding radial periods and show that they are higher than their $4d$ counterparts. For the null case, we found the existence of stable null orbits outside their respective horizons, which do not exist in the four dimensions except at their extremal limit.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 May 2022 11:56:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Jun 2022 10:01:19 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Jun 2022 09:00:56 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 16 Jun 2022 11:37:24 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "c...
2022-11-22
[ [ "Habibina", "A S.", "" ], [ "Ramadhan", "H. S.", "" ] ]
We study the geodesics of $5d$ Reissner-Nordstrom and nonsingular black strings, and establish a rational bound orbit taxonomy for both massive as well as null test particles. For the timelike case, test particles with high energy (that would have made them plunge into or scatter off a black hole) could still form bound orbits around the black strings. We calculate the accumulated angles of the corresponding radial periods and show that they are higher than their $4d$ counterparts. For the null case, we found the existence of stable null orbits outside their respective horizons, which do not exist in the four dimensions except at their extremal limit.
1501.05481
Shahram Panahiyan
S. H. Hendi and S. Panahiyan
Thermodynamic instability of topological black holes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity with a generalized electrodynamics
16 pages, 6 figures
Phys. Rev. D 90, 124008 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.124008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by the string corrections on the gravity and electrodynamics sides, we consider a quadratic Maxwell invariant term as a correction of the Maxwell Lagrangian to obtain exact solutions of higher dimensional topological black holes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We first investigate the asymptotically flat solutions and obtain conserved and thermodynamic quantities which satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. We also analyze thermodynamic stability of the solutions by calculating the heat capacity and the Hessian matrix. Then, we focus on horizon-flat solutions with adS asymptote and produce a rotating spacetime with a suitable transformation. In addition, we calculate the conserved and thermodynamic quantities for asymptotically adS black branes which satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. Finally, we perform thermodynamic instability criterion to investigate the effects of nonlinear electrodynamics in canonical and grand canonical ensembles.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Jan 2015 12:52:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Hendi", "S. H.", "" ], [ "Panahiyan", "S.", "" ] ]
Motivated by the string corrections on the gravity and electrodynamics sides, we consider a quadratic Maxwell invariant term as a correction of the Maxwell Lagrangian to obtain exact solutions of higher dimensional topological black holes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We first investigate the asymptotically flat solutions and obtain conserved and thermodynamic quantities which satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. We also analyze thermodynamic stability of the solutions by calculating the heat capacity and the Hessian matrix. Then, we focus on horizon-flat solutions with adS asymptote and produce a rotating spacetime with a suitable transformation. In addition, we calculate the conserved and thermodynamic quantities for asymptotically adS black branes which satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. Finally, we perform thermodynamic instability criterion to investigate the effects of nonlinear electrodynamics in canonical and grand canonical ensembles.
2309.16734
Hassan Mehmood
Hassan Mehmood
Quantum Gravity as a Theory of Connections
Bachelor's thesis, Lahore University of Management Sciences, 158 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Consider the interior of a black hole or the very early universe: matter is so densely localized that neither the effects of gravity nor those of quantum theory can be ignored. But this entails that neither general relativity nor quantum theory on its own can fully describe such a situation, for some of the most fundamental principles inhering in these two theories are haunted by the specter of incompatibility. Quantum gravity is the name for the bewildering penumbra of theories that seek to exorcise this demon. But it turns out that the metrical variables of general relativity constitute a lamp too narrow to bottle the phantom, and loop quantum gravity is a fascinating enterprise that seeks the Aladdin who does possess the required lamp. This is achieved by recasting general relativity as a theory of connections, rather than that of metrics. This shift of emphasis allows one to use a number of mathematical tools that make it possible to arrive at a fully consistent, almost background-independent theory of quantum gravity. This thesis endeavours to probe these ideas in detail.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Sep 2023 20:02:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-02
[ [ "Mehmood", "Hassan", "" ] ]
Consider the interior of a black hole or the very early universe: matter is so densely localized that neither the effects of gravity nor those of quantum theory can be ignored. But this entails that neither general relativity nor quantum theory on its own can fully describe such a situation, for some of the most fundamental principles inhering in these two theories are haunted by the specter of incompatibility. Quantum gravity is the name for the bewildering penumbra of theories that seek to exorcise this demon. But it turns out that the metrical variables of general relativity constitute a lamp too narrow to bottle the phantom, and loop quantum gravity is a fascinating enterprise that seeks the Aladdin who does possess the required lamp. This is achieved by recasting general relativity as a theory of connections, rather than that of metrics. This shift of emphasis allows one to use a number of mathematical tools that make it possible to arrive at a fully consistent, almost background-independent theory of quantum gravity. This thesis endeavours to probe these ideas in detail.
2110.11289
Valerio Faraoni
Valerio Faraoni, Sonia Jose, and Alexandre Leblanc
The curious case of the Buchdahl-Land-Sultana-Wyman-Iba\~nez-Sanz spacetime
11 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.024030
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We revisit Wyman's "other" scalar field solution of the Einstein equations and its Sultana generalization to positive cosmological constant, which has a finite 3-space and corresponds to a special case of a stiff fluid solution proposed by Buchdahl and Land and, later, by Iba\~nez and Sanz to model relativistic stars. However, there is a hidden cosmological constant and the peculiar geometry prevents the use of this spacetime to model relativistic stars.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Oct 2021 17:17:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-26
[ [ "Faraoni", "Valerio", "" ], [ "Jose", "Sonia", "" ], [ "Leblanc", "Alexandre", "" ] ]
We revisit Wyman's "other" scalar field solution of the Einstein equations and its Sultana generalization to positive cosmological constant, which has a finite 3-space and corresponds to a special case of a stiff fluid solution proposed by Buchdahl and Land and, later, by Iba\~nez and Sanz to model relativistic stars. However, there is a hidden cosmological constant and the peculiar geometry prevents the use of this spacetime to model relativistic stars.
1707.07674
Abdul Jawad
Abdul Jawad and M. Umair Shahzad
Accreting Fluids onto Regular Black Holes Via Hamiltonian Approach
25 pages; 10 Figures
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5075-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the accretion of test fluids onto regular black holes such as Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole and a regular black hole with Dagum Distribution Function. We analyze the accretion process when different test fluids are falling onto these regular black holes. The accreting fluid is being classified through equation of state according to features of regular black holes. The behavior of fluid flow and the existence of sonic points is being checked for these regular black holes. It is noted that three velocity depends on critical points and equation of state parameter on phase space.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Jul 2017 08:59:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-09-13
[ [ "Jawad", "Abdul", "" ], [ "Shahzad", "M. Umair", "" ] ]
We investigate the accretion of test fluids onto regular black holes such as Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole and a regular black hole with Dagum Distribution Function. We analyze the accretion process when different test fluids are falling onto these regular black holes. The accreting fluid is being classified through equation of state according to features of regular black holes. The behavior of fluid flow and the existence of sonic points is being checked for these regular black holes. It is noted that three velocity depends on critical points and equation of state parameter on phase space.
2112.13869
Mostafizur Rahman
Mostafizur Rahman and Arpan Bhattacharyya
Prospects for determining the nature of the secondaries of extreme mass-ratio inspirals using the spin-induced quadrupole deformation
24 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Typos corrected. Accepted for publication in PRD
Phys.Rev.D 107 (2023) 02
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.024006
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The measurement of multipole moments of astrophysical objects through gravitational wave (GW) observations provides a novel way to distinguish black holes from other astrophysical objects. This paper studies the gravitational wave radiation from an extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) system consisting of a supermassive Kerr black hole (the primary object) and a spinning stellar-mass compact object (the secondary object). The quadrupolar deformation induced by the spin of the secondary is different for different astrophysical objects. We compute the effect of the quadrupolar deformation on the GW phase and provide an order of magnitude estimate of whether LISA can distinguish different astrophysical objects through GW phase measurement. We find that although LISA can not distinguish between a black hole and a neutron star, it can distinguish black holes from a large variety of highly spinning astrophysical objects like superspinars and highly deformable exotic compact objects like boson stars for EMRI systems with relatively large mass ratio ($q\sim 10^{-4}$). Furthermore, we show that the effect of spin-induced quadrupolar deformation on the GW phase for white dwarf and brown dwarf-EMRI systems can be quite significant even for small values of mass ratio ($q\lesssim 10^{-6}$).
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Dec 2021 19:07:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Jul 2022 18:10:05 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Dec 2022 10:53:23 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-01-10
[ [ "Rahman", "Mostafizur", "" ], [ "Bhattacharyya", "Arpan", "" ] ]
The measurement of multipole moments of astrophysical objects through gravitational wave (GW) observations provides a novel way to distinguish black holes from other astrophysical objects. This paper studies the gravitational wave radiation from an extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) system consisting of a supermassive Kerr black hole (the primary object) and a spinning stellar-mass compact object (the secondary object). The quadrupolar deformation induced by the spin of the secondary is different for different astrophysical objects. We compute the effect of the quadrupolar deformation on the GW phase and provide an order of magnitude estimate of whether LISA can distinguish different astrophysical objects through GW phase measurement. We find that although LISA can not distinguish between a black hole and a neutron star, it can distinguish black holes from a large variety of highly spinning astrophysical objects like superspinars and highly deformable exotic compact objects like boson stars for EMRI systems with relatively large mass ratio ($q\sim 10^{-4}$). Furthermore, we show that the effect of spin-induced quadrupolar deformation on the GW phase for white dwarf and brown dwarf-EMRI systems can be quite significant even for small values of mass ratio ($q\lesssim 10^{-6}$).
gr-qc/9511081
Thomas Kloesch
T. Kloesch and T. Strobl
Classical and Quantum Gravity in 1+1 Dimensions, Part II: The Universal Coverings
29 pages, 14 Postscript figures; one figure, some paragraphs, and references added; to appear in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.13:2395-2422,1996
10.1088/0264-9381/13/9/007
TUW-95-23, PITHA-95/24
gr-qc hep-th
null
A set of simple rules for constructing the maximal (e.g. analytic) extensions for any metric with a Killing field in an (effectively) two-dimensional spacetime is formulated. The application of these rules is extremely straightforward, as is demonstrated at various examples and illustrated with numerous figures. Despite the resulting simplicity we also comment on some subtleties concerning the concept of Penrose diagrams. Most noteworthy among these, maybe, is that (smooth) spacetimes which have both degenerate and non-degenerate (Killing) horizons do not allow for globally smooth Penrose diagrams. Physically speaking this obstruction corresponds to an infinite relative red/blueshift between observers moving across the two horizons. -- The present work provides a further step in the classification of all global solutions of the general class of two-dimensional gravity-Yang-Mills systems introduced in Part I, comprising, e.g., all generalized (linear and nonlinear) dilaton theories. In Part I we constructed the local solutions, which were found to always have a Killing field; in this paper we provide all universal covering solutions (the simply connected maximally extended spacetimes). A subsequent Part III will treat the diffeomorphism inequivalent solutions for all other spacetime topologies. -- Part II is kept entirely self-contained; a prior reading of Part I is not necessary.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Nov 1995 13:26:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Apr 1996 09:25:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Apr 1996 09:02:02 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Kloesch", "T.", "" ], [ "Strobl", "T.", "" ] ]
A set of simple rules for constructing the maximal (e.g. analytic) extensions for any metric with a Killing field in an (effectively) two-dimensional spacetime is formulated. The application of these rules is extremely straightforward, as is demonstrated at various examples and illustrated with numerous figures. Despite the resulting simplicity we also comment on some subtleties concerning the concept of Penrose diagrams. Most noteworthy among these, maybe, is that (smooth) spacetimes which have both degenerate and non-degenerate (Killing) horizons do not allow for globally smooth Penrose diagrams. Physically speaking this obstruction corresponds to an infinite relative red/blueshift between observers moving across the two horizons. -- The present work provides a further step in the classification of all global solutions of the general class of two-dimensional gravity-Yang-Mills systems introduced in Part I, comprising, e.g., all generalized (linear and nonlinear) dilaton theories. In Part I we constructed the local solutions, which were found to always have a Killing field; in this paper we provide all universal covering solutions (the simply connected maximally extended spacetimes). A subsequent Part III will treat the diffeomorphism inequivalent solutions for all other spacetime topologies. -- Part II is kept entirely self-contained; a prior reading of Part I is not necessary.
2109.12086
Joan Sola
Joan Sola Peracaula
Running vacuum interacting with dark matter or with running gravitational coupling. Phenomenological implications
21 pages, slightly extended discussion. References added and others updated. Invited talk in the 16th Marcel-Grossmann virtual Conference (MG16), parallel session DM1: Interacting Dark Matter
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The cosmological term, $\Lambda$, in Einstein's equations is an essential ingredient of the `concordance' $\Lambda$CDM model of cosmology. In this mini-review presentation, we assess the possibility that $\Lambda$ can be a dynamical quantity, more specifically a `running quantity' in quantum field theory in curved spacetime. A great deal of phenomenological works have shown in the last few years that this option (sometimes accompanied with a running gravitational coupling) may cure some of the tensions afflicting the $\Lambda$CDM. The `running vacuum models' (RVM's) are characterized by the vacuum energy density, $\rho_{\rm vac}$, being a series of (even) powers of the Hubble rate and its time derivatives. Here we describe the technical quantum field theoretical origin of the RVM structure in FLRW spacetime, which goes well-beyond the original semi-qualitative renormalization group arguments. In particular, we compute the renormalized energy-momentum tensor using the adiabatic regularization procedure and show that it leads to the RVM form. In other words, we find that the renormalized vacuum energy density, $\rho_{vac}(H)$ evolves as a (constant) additive term plus a leading dynamical components ${\cal O}(H^2)$. There are also ${\cal O}(H^4)$ contributions, which can be relevant for the early universe. Remarkably enough, the renormalized $\rho_{\rm vac}(H)$ does not exhibit dangerous terms proportional to the quartic power of the masses ($\sim m^4$) of the fields. It is well-known that these terms have been the main source of trouble since they are responsible for the extreme fine tuning and ultimately for the cosmological constant problem. In this context, the current $\rho_{vac}(H)$ is dominated by a constant term, as it should be, but it acquires a mild dynamical component $\sim \nu H^2$ ($|\nu|\ll1$) which makes the RVM to mimic quintessence.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Sep 2021 17:25:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 5 Dec 2021 10:34:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-07-19
[ [ "Peracaula", "Joan Sola", "" ] ]
The cosmological term, $\Lambda$, in Einstein's equations is an essential ingredient of the `concordance' $\Lambda$CDM model of cosmology. In this mini-review presentation, we assess the possibility that $\Lambda$ can be a dynamical quantity, more specifically a `running quantity' in quantum field theory in curved spacetime. A great deal of phenomenological works have shown in the last few years that this option (sometimes accompanied with a running gravitational coupling) may cure some of the tensions afflicting the $\Lambda$CDM. The `running vacuum models' (RVM's) are characterized by the vacuum energy density, $\rho_{\rm vac}$, being a series of (even) powers of the Hubble rate and its time derivatives. Here we describe the technical quantum field theoretical origin of the RVM structure in FLRW spacetime, which goes well-beyond the original semi-qualitative renormalization group arguments. In particular, we compute the renormalized energy-momentum tensor using the adiabatic regularization procedure and show that it leads to the RVM form. In other words, we find that the renormalized vacuum energy density, $\rho_{vac}(H)$ evolves as a (constant) additive term plus a leading dynamical components ${\cal O}(H^2)$. There are also ${\cal O}(H^4)$ contributions, which can be relevant for the early universe. Remarkably enough, the renormalized $\rho_{\rm vac}(H)$ does not exhibit dangerous terms proportional to the quartic power of the masses ($\sim m^4$) of the fields. It is well-known that these terms have been the main source of trouble since they are responsible for the extreme fine tuning and ultimately for the cosmological constant problem. In this context, the current $\rho_{vac}(H)$ is dominated by a constant term, as it should be, but it acquires a mild dynamical component $\sim \nu H^2$ ($|\nu|\ll1$) which makes the RVM to mimic quintessence.
1301.1480
Javad Taghizadeh firouzjaee
Rahim Moradi, Javad T. Firouzjaee and Reza Mansouri
The spherical perfect fluid collapse with pressure in the cosmological background
null
null
10.1142/9789813226609_0593
Proceedings of the MG14 Meeting on General Relativity, C15-07-12
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
We have constructed a spherically symmetric structure model in a cosmological background filled with perfect fluid with non-vanishing pressure and studied its quasi-local characteristics. This is done by using the Lema\^{i}tre solution of the Einstein equations and suggesting an algorithm to integrate it numerically. The result shows intriguing effects of the pressure inside the structure. The evolution of the central black hole within the FRW universe, its decoupling from the expanding parts of the model, the structure of its space-like apparent horizon, the limiting case of the dynamical horizon tending to a slowly evolving horizon, and the decreasing mass in-fall to the black hole is also studied. The quasi-local features of this cosmological black hole may not be inferred from the weak field approximation although the gravity outside the structure is very weak.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Jan 2013 10:41:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Aug 2013 14:12:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-12-11
[ [ "Moradi", "Rahim", "" ], [ "Firouzjaee", "Javad T.", "" ], [ "Mansouri", "Reza", "" ] ]
We have constructed a spherically symmetric structure model in a cosmological background filled with perfect fluid with non-vanishing pressure and studied its quasi-local characteristics. This is done by using the Lema\^{i}tre solution of the Einstein equations and suggesting an algorithm to integrate it numerically. The result shows intriguing effects of the pressure inside the structure. The evolution of the central black hole within the FRW universe, its decoupling from the expanding parts of the model, the structure of its space-like apparent horizon, the limiting case of the dynamical horizon tending to a slowly evolving horizon, and the decreasing mass in-fall to the black hole is also studied. The quasi-local features of this cosmological black hole may not be inferred from the weak field approximation although the gravity outside the structure is very weak.
0810.5038
Margus Saal
Piret Kuusk, Laur Jarv, Margus Saal
Scalar-tensor cosmologies: general relativity as a fixed point of the Jordan frame scalar field
9 pages, talk at Seventh Alexander Friedmann International Seminar on Gravitation and Cosmology
Int.J.Mod.Phys.A24:1631-1638,2009
10.1142/S0217751X09045133
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the evolution of homogeneous and isotropic, flat cosmological models within the general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with arbitrary coupling function and potential and scrutinize its limit to general relativity. Using the methods of dynamical systems for the decoupled equation of the Jordan frame scalar field we find the fixed points of flows in two cases: potential domination and matter domination. We present the conditions on the mathematical form of the coupling function and potential which determine the nature of the fixed points (attractor or other). There are two types of fixed points, both are characterized by cosmological evolution mimicking general relativity, but only one of the types is compatible with the Solar System PPN constraints.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Oct 2008 14:31:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-04-24
[ [ "Kuusk", "Piret", "" ], [ "Jarv", "Laur", "" ], [ "Saal", "Margus", "" ] ]
We study the evolution of homogeneous and isotropic, flat cosmological models within the general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with arbitrary coupling function and potential and scrutinize its limit to general relativity. Using the methods of dynamical systems for the decoupled equation of the Jordan frame scalar field we find the fixed points of flows in two cases: potential domination and matter domination. We present the conditions on the mathematical form of the coupling function and potential which determine the nature of the fixed points (attractor or other). There are two types of fixed points, both are characterized by cosmological evolution mimicking general relativity, but only one of the types is compatible with the Solar System PPN constraints.
1809.04408
Zacharias Roupas
Zacharias Roupas
Gravitational instability caused by the weight of heat
Typos corrected in last update
Symmetry 2019, 11(12), 1435
10.3390/sym11121435
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE cond-mat.stat-mech hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Thermal energy points toward a disordered, completely uniform state acting counter to gravity's tendency to generate order and structure through gravitational collapse. It is, therefore, expected to contribute to the stabilization of a self-gravitating, classical ideal gas over collapse. However, I identified an instability that always occurs at sufficiently high energies: the high-energy or relativistic gravothermal instability. I argue here that this instability presents an analogous core--halo structure as its Newtonian counterpart, the Antonov instability. The main difference is that in the former case the core is dominated by the gravitation of thermal energy and not rest mass energy. A relativistic generalization of Antonov's instability---the low-energy gravothermal instability---also occurs. The two turning points, which make themselves evident as a double spiral of the caloric curve, approach each other as relativistic effects become more intense and eventually merge in a single point. Thus, the high and low-energy cases may be realized as two aspects of a single phenomenon---the gravothermal instability---which involves a core--halo separation and an intrinsic heat flow. Finally, I argue that the core formed during a core-collapse supernova is subject to the relativistic gravothermal instability if it becomes sufficiently hot and compactified at the time of the bounce. In this case, it will continue to collapse towards the formation of a black hole.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Sep 2018 13:19:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Oct 2019 12:22:09 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Nov 2019 10:31:41 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Nov 2019 06:37:51 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "cr...
2019-12-03
[ [ "Roupas", "Zacharias", "" ] ]
Thermal energy points toward a disordered, completely uniform state acting counter to gravity's tendency to generate order and structure through gravitational collapse. It is, therefore, expected to contribute to the stabilization of a self-gravitating, classical ideal gas over collapse. However, I identified an instability that always occurs at sufficiently high energies: the high-energy or relativistic gravothermal instability. I argue here that this instability presents an analogous core--halo structure as its Newtonian counterpart, the Antonov instability. The main difference is that in the former case the core is dominated by the gravitation of thermal energy and not rest mass energy. A relativistic generalization of Antonov's instability---the low-energy gravothermal instability---also occurs. The two turning points, which make themselves evident as a double spiral of the caloric curve, approach each other as relativistic effects become more intense and eventually merge in a single point. Thus, the high and low-energy cases may be realized as two aspects of a single phenomenon---the gravothermal instability---which involves a core--halo separation and an intrinsic heat flow. Finally, I argue that the core formed during a core-collapse supernova is subject to the relativistic gravothermal instability if it becomes sufficiently hot and compactified at the time of the bounce. In this case, it will continue to collapse towards the formation of a black hole.
2203.13830
Alex Davey
Alex Davey, Oscar J.C. Dias, Paul Rodgers, Jorge E. Santos
Strong Cosmic Censorship and Eigenvalue Repulsions for rotating de Sitter black holes in higher-dimensions
43 pages, 13 figures
null
10.1007/JHEP07(2022)086
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been established that Christodoulou's formulation of Strong Cosmic Censorship (SCC) is violated by Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter black holes, but holds in four-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter black holes. We show that SCC is also respected by equal angular momenta (cohomogeneity-1) Myers-Perry-de Sitter (MP-dS) in odd $d \ge 5$ spacetime dimensions. This suggests that the preservation of SCC in rotating backgrounds might be a universal property of Einstein gravity and not limited to the d = 4 Kerr-dS background. As required to discuss SCC in de Sitter spacetimes, we also study important aspects of the scalar field quasinormal mode (QNM) spectra of MP-dS. In particular, we find eigenvalue repulsions similar to those recently observed in the QNM spectra of asymptotically flat Kerr-Newman black holes. For axisymmetric modes (i.e. with azimuthal quantum number m = 0) there are three distinct families of QNM (de Sitter, photon sphere and near-horizon). However, typically, for non-axisymmetric ($m \ne 0$) QNMs, we find that the entire spectra can be described by just two families of QNM (since several overtone sections of the photon sphere and near-horizon families merge). For completeness, we also study the full scalar field QNM spectra of higher-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Mar 2022 18:00:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-10
[ [ "Davey", "Alex", "" ], [ "Dias", "Oscar J. C.", "" ], [ "Rodgers", "Paul", "" ], [ "Santos", "Jorge E.", "" ] ]
It has been established that Christodoulou's formulation of Strong Cosmic Censorship (SCC) is violated by Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter black holes, but holds in four-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter black holes. We show that SCC is also respected by equal angular momenta (cohomogeneity-1) Myers-Perry-de Sitter (MP-dS) in odd $d \ge 5$ spacetime dimensions. This suggests that the preservation of SCC in rotating backgrounds might be a universal property of Einstein gravity and not limited to the d = 4 Kerr-dS background. As required to discuss SCC in de Sitter spacetimes, we also study important aspects of the scalar field quasinormal mode (QNM) spectra of MP-dS. In particular, we find eigenvalue repulsions similar to those recently observed in the QNM spectra of asymptotically flat Kerr-Newman black holes. For axisymmetric modes (i.e. with azimuthal quantum number m = 0) there are three distinct families of QNM (de Sitter, photon sphere and near-horizon). However, typically, for non-axisymmetric ($m \ne 0$) QNMs, we find that the entire spectra can be described by just two families of QNM (since several overtone sections of the photon sphere and near-horizon families merge). For completeness, we also study the full scalar field QNM spectra of higher-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes.