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1005.3679
Rolando Gaitan Deveras RGD
Rolando Gaitan Deveras
On unitarity of a Yang-Mills type formulation for massless and massive gravity with propagating torsion
28 p
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A perturbative regime based on contorsion as a dynamical variable and metric as a (classical) fixed background, is performed in the context of a pure Yang-Mills formulation based on $GL(3,R)$ gauge group. In the massless case we show that the theory propagates three degrees of freedom and only one is a non-unitary mode. Next, we introduce quadratical terms dependent on torsion, which preserve parity and general covariance. The linearized version reproduces an analogue Hilbert-Einstein-Fierz-Pauli unitary massive theory plus three massless modes, two of them non-unitary ones. Finally we confirm the existence of a family of unitary Yang-Mills-extended theories which are classically consistent with Einstein's solutions coming from non massive and topologically massive gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 May 2010 12:33:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-05-21
[ [ "Deveras", "Rolando Gaitan", "" ] ]
A perturbative regime based on contorsion as a dynamical variable and metric as a (classical) fixed background, is performed in the context of a pure Yang-Mills formulation based on $GL(3,R)$ gauge group. In the massless case we show that the theory propagates three degrees of freedom and only one is a non-unitary mode. Next, we introduce quadratical terms dependent on torsion, which preserve parity and general covariance. The linearized version reproduces an analogue Hilbert-Einstein-Fierz-Pauli unitary massive theory plus three massless modes, two of them non-unitary ones. Finally we confirm the existence of a family of unitary Yang-Mills-extended theories which are classically consistent with Einstein's solutions coming from non massive and topologically massive gravity.
1409.4431
Michael Boyle
Michael Boyle, Lawrence E. Kidder, Serguei Ossokine, and Harald P. Pfeiffer
Gravitational-wave modes from precessing black-hole binaries
Updated a few URLs to point to the code accompanying the paper
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational waves from precessing black-hole binaries exhibit features that are absent in nonprecessing systems. The most prominent of these is a parity-violating asymmetry that beams energy and linear momentum preferentially along or opposite to the orbital angular momentum, leading to recoil of the binary. The asymmetry will appear as amplitude and phase modulations at the orbital frequency. For strongly precessing systems, it accounts for at least 3% amplitude modulation for binaries in the sensitivity band of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, and can exceed 50% for massive systems. Such asymmetric features are also clearly visible when the waves are decomposed into modes of spin-weighted spherical harmonics, and are inherent in the waves themselves---rather than resulting from residual eccentricity in numerical simulations, or from mode-mixing due to precession. In particular, there is generically no instantaneous frame for which the mode decomposition will have any symmetry. We introduce a method to simplify the expressions for waveforms given in analytical relativity, which can be used to combine existing high-order waveforms for nonprecessing systems with expressions for the precessing contributions, leading to improved accuracy and a unified treatment of precessing and nonprecessing binaries. Using this method, it is possible to clarify the nature and the origins of the asymmetries and show the effects of asymmetry on recoils more clearly. We present post-Newtonian (PN) expressions for the waveform modes that include these terms, complete to the relative 2PN level in spin (proportional to $v^4/c^4$ times a certain combination of the spins). Comparing the results of those expressions to numerical results, we find good qualitative agreement. We also demonstrate how these expressions can be used to efficiently calculate waveforms for gravitational-wave astronomy.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Sep 2014 20:03:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Sep 2014 20:46:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-09-24
[ [ "Boyle", "Michael", "" ], [ "Kidder", "Lawrence E.", "" ], [ "Ossokine", "Serguei", "" ], [ "Pfeiffer", "Harald P.", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves from precessing black-hole binaries exhibit features that are absent in nonprecessing systems. The most prominent of these is a parity-violating asymmetry that beams energy and linear momentum preferentially along or opposite to the orbital angular momentum, leading to recoil of the binary. The asymmetry will appear as amplitude and phase modulations at the orbital frequency. For strongly precessing systems, it accounts for at least 3% amplitude modulation for binaries in the sensitivity band of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, and can exceed 50% for massive systems. Such asymmetric features are also clearly visible when the waves are decomposed into modes of spin-weighted spherical harmonics, and are inherent in the waves themselves---rather than resulting from residual eccentricity in numerical simulations, or from mode-mixing due to precession. In particular, there is generically no instantaneous frame for which the mode decomposition will have any symmetry. We introduce a method to simplify the expressions for waveforms given in analytical relativity, which can be used to combine existing high-order waveforms for nonprecessing systems with expressions for the precessing contributions, leading to improved accuracy and a unified treatment of precessing and nonprecessing binaries. Using this method, it is possible to clarify the nature and the origins of the asymmetries and show the effects of asymmetry on recoils more clearly. We present post-Newtonian (PN) expressions for the waveform modes that include these terms, complete to the relative 2PN level in spin (proportional to $v^4/c^4$ times a certain combination of the spins). Comparing the results of those expressions to numerical results, we find good qualitative agreement. We also demonstrate how these expressions can be used to efficiently calculate waveforms for gravitational-wave astronomy.
1207.5241
Shun-Pei Miao
S. P. Miao
Quantum Gravitational Effects on Massive Fermions during Inflation I
81 pages, 3 figures, 42 tables, a modified version with several references added. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0511140
Phys. Rev. D86 (2012) 104051
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.104051
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compute the one loop graviton contribution to the self-energy of a very light fermion on a locally de Sitter background. This result can be used to study the effect that a small mass has on the propagation of fermions through the sea of infrared gravitons generated by inflation. We employ dimensional regularization and obtain a fully renormalized result by absorbing all divergences with BPHZ counterterms. An interesting technical aspect of this computation is the need for two noninvariant counterterms owing to the breaking of de Sitter invariance by our gauge condition.
[ { "created": "Sun, 22 Jul 2012 16:49:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Dec 2012 23:05:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-05
[ [ "Miao", "S. P.", "" ] ]
We compute the one loop graviton contribution to the self-energy of a very light fermion on a locally de Sitter background. This result can be used to study the effect that a small mass has on the propagation of fermions through the sea of infrared gravitons generated by inflation. We employ dimensional regularization and obtain a fully renormalized result by absorbing all divergences with BPHZ counterterms. An interesting technical aspect of this computation is the need for two noninvariant counterterms owing to the breaking of de Sitter invariance by our gauge condition.
gr-qc/9603031
Douglas A. Singleton
Douglas Singleton
Yang-Mills Inspired Solutions for General Relativity
13 pages LaTeX
Phys.Lett. A223 (1996) 12-18
10.1016/S0375-9601(96)00700-1
null
gr-qc
null
Several exact, cylindrically symmetric solutions to Einstein's vacuum equations are given. These solutions were found using the connection between Yang-Mills theory and general relativity. Taking known solutions of the Yang-Mills equations (e.g. the topological BPS monopole solutions) it is possible to construct exact solutions to the general relativistic field equations. Although the general relativistic solutions were found starting from known solutions of Yang-Mills theory they have different physical characteristics.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Mar 1996 02:46:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Singleton", "Douglas", "" ] ]
Several exact, cylindrically symmetric solutions to Einstein's vacuum equations are given. These solutions were found using the connection between Yang-Mills theory and general relativity. Taking known solutions of the Yang-Mills equations (e.g. the topological BPS monopole solutions) it is possible to construct exact solutions to the general relativistic field equations. Although the general relativistic solutions were found starting from known solutions of Yang-Mills theory they have different physical characteristics.
2208.03629
Xue Zheng Zhu
Xue-Zheng Zhu and Yang Yu and Xian Gao
Cosmological perturbations in the spatially covariant gravity with a dynamical lapse function
null
Phys.Lett.B 833 (2022) 137356
10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137356
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the scalar perturbations in a class of spatially covariant gravity theory with a dynamical lapse function. Generally, there are two scalar degrees of freedom due to the presence of the velocity of the lapse function. We treat the scalar perturbations as analogues of those in a two-field inflationary mode, in which one is light mode and the other is the heavy mode. This is justified by the fact that the scalar mode due to the dynamical lapse function becomes infinitely heavy in the limit when the lapse function reduces to be an auxiliary variable. The standard approaches of multiple filed perturbations can be applied to deal with our model. By integrating out the heavy mode and derive the effective theory for the single light field, we find the solution to the single mode in the form of plane waves. Then we calculate the corrections to the power spectrum of the light mode from the heavy mode, by making use of the standard perturbative method of field theory. At last, when the two fields are not weakly coupled, we find a power law mode for the coupled system in large scales.
[ { "created": "Sun, 7 Aug 2022 03:45:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-10
[ [ "Zhu", "Xue-Zheng", "" ], [ "Yu", "Yang", "" ], [ "Gao", "Xian", "" ] ]
We investigate the scalar perturbations in a class of spatially covariant gravity theory with a dynamical lapse function. Generally, there are two scalar degrees of freedom due to the presence of the velocity of the lapse function. We treat the scalar perturbations as analogues of those in a two-field inflationary mode, in which one is light mode and the other is the heavy mode. This is justified by the fact that the scalar mode due to the dynamical lapse function becomes infinitely heavy in the limit when the lapse function reduces to be an auxiliary variable. The standard approaches of multiple filed perturbations can be applied to deal with our model. By integrating out the heavy mode and derive the effective theory for the single light field, we find the solution to the single mode in the form of plane waves. Then we calculate the corrections to the power spectrum of the light mode from the heavy mode, by making use of the standard perturbative method of field theory. At last, when the two fields are not weakly coupled, we find a power law mode for the coupled system in large scales.
2105.06223
David McNutt
D. D. McNutt, A. A. Coley and R. J. van den Hoogen
Teleparallel geometries not characterized by their scalar polynomial torsion invariants
3o pages, 1 figure
Journal of Mathematical Physics, 62, 052501 (2021)
10.1063/5.0051400
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A teleparallel geometry is an n-dimensional manifold equipped with a frame basis and an independent spin connection. For such a geometry, the curvature tensor vanishes and the torsion tensor is non-zero. A straightforward approach to characterizing teleparallel geometries is to compute scalar polynomial invariants constructed from the torsion tensor and its covariant derivatives. An open question has been whether the set of all scalar polynomial torsion invariants, $\mathcal{I}_T$ uniquely characterize a given teleparallel geometry. In this paper we show that the answer is no and construct the most general class of teleparallel geometries in four dimensions which cannot be characterized by $\mathcal{I}_T$. As a corollary we determine all teleparallel geometries which have vanishing scalar polynomial torsion invariants.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 May 2021 12:22:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-05-14
[ [ "McNutt", "D. D.", "" ], [ "Coley", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Hoogen", "R. J. van den", "" ] ]
A teleparallel geometry is an n-dimensional manifold equipped with a frame basis and an independent spin connection. For such a geometry, the curvature tensor vanishes and the torsion tensor is non-zero. A straightforward approach to characterizing teleparallel geometries is to compute scalar polynomial invariants constructed from the torsion tensor and its covariant derivatives. An open question has been whether the set of all scalar polynomial torsion invariants, $\mathcal{I}_T$ uniquely characterize a given teleparallel geometry. In this paper we show that the answer is no and construct the most general class of teleparallel geometries in four dimensions which cannot be characterized by $\mathcal{I}_T$. As a corollary we determine all teleparallel geometries which have vanishing scalar polynomial torsion invariants.
gr-qc/0009069
Tekin Dereli
H. Cebeci, T. Dereli (METU)
Conformal Black Hole Solutions of Axi-Dilaton Gravity in D-dimensions
6 PAGES, Rev-tex file, no figures, to appear in Phys-Rev D
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 047501
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.047501
null
gr-qc
null
Static, spherically symmetric solutions of axi-dilaton gravity in $D$ dimensions is given in the Brans-Dicke frame for arbitrary values of the Brans-Dicke constant $\omega$ and an axion-dilaton coupling parameter $k$. The mass and the dilaton and axion charges are determined and a BPS bound is derived. There exists a one parameter family of black hole solutions in the scale invariant limit.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Sep 2000 15:39:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Sep 2001 19:11:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Cebeci", "H.", "", "METU" ], [ "Dereli", "T.", "", "METU" ] ]
Static, spherically symmetric solutions of axi-dilaton gravity in $D$ dimensions is given in the Brans-Dicke frame for arbitrary values of the Brans-Dicke constant $\omega$ and an axion-dilaton coupling parameter $k$. The mass and the dilaton and axion charges are determined and a BPS bound is derived. There exists a one parameter family of black hole solutions in the scale invariant limit.
gr-qc/0110031
Dumitru Vulcanov
Dumitru N. Vulcanov, Miguel Alcubierre (Max-Planck-Institut fur Gravitationsphysik, Albert-Einstein-Institut, Golm, Germany)
Testing the Cactus code on exact solutions of the Einstein field equations
18 pages, 18 figures, Latex
Int.J.Mod.Phys. C13 (2002) 805-822
10.1142/S0129183102003577
null
gr-qc
null
The article presents a series of numerical simulations of exact solutions of the Einstein equations performed using the Cactus code, a complete 3-dimensional machinery for numerical relativity. We describe an application (``thorn'') for the Cactus code that can be used for evolving a variety of exact solutions, with and without matter, including solutions used in modern cosmology for modeling the early stages of the universe. Our main purpose has been to test the Cactus code on these well-known examples, focusing mainly on the stability and convergence of the code.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Oct 2001 11:19:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Mar 2002 11:00:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Vulcanov", "Dumitru N.", "", "Max-Planck-Institut fur\n Gravitationsphysik, Albert-Einstein-Institut, Golm, Germany" ], [ "Alcubierre", "Miguel", "", "Max-Planck-Institut fur\n Gravitationsphysik, Albert-Einstein-Institut, Golm, Germany" ] ]
The article presents a series of numerical simulations of exact solutions of the Einstein equations performed using the Cactus code, a complete 3-dimensional machinery for numerical relativity. We describe an application (``thorn'') for the Cactus code that can be used for evolving a variety of exact solutions, with and without matter, including solutions used in modern cosmology for modeling the early stages of the universe. Our main purpose has been to test the Cactus code on these well-known examples, focusing mainly on the stability and convergence of the code.
2407.13798
Swarnim Shashank
Swarnim Shashank, Cosimo Bambi, Rittick Roy
Testing the Kerr nature with binary black hole inspirals
7 pages, 1 figure. Prepared for the proceeding of the seventh international workshop on the TianQin science mission
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The theory of general relativity (GR) is the standard framework for the description of gravitation and the geometric structure of spacetime. With the recent advancement of observational instruments, it has become possible to probe the strong field regime to test GR. We present the constraints obtained from the binary black hole inspiral data of the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra (LVK) gravitational wave (GW) observations on the deformations of some popular parametrized non-Kerr metrics.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Jul 2024 07:14:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-22
[ [ "Shashank", "Swarnim", "" ], [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ], [ "Roy", "Rittick", "" ] ]
The theory of general relativity (GR) is the standard framework for the description of gravitation and the geometric structure of spacetime. With the recent advancement of observational instruments, it has become possible to probe the strong field regime to test GR. We present the constraints obtained from the binary black hole inspiral data of the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra (LVK) gravitational wave (GW) observations on the deformations of some popular parametrized non-Kerr metrics.
1311.1402
Santos Jos\'e N\'u\~nez Jare\~no
J.A.R. Cembranos, A.L. Maroto, S.J. N\'u\~nez Jare\~no
Isotropy theorem for arbitrary-spin cosmological fields
4 pages, 0 figures. Published on JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2014/03/042
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that the energy-momentum tensor of homogeneous fields of arbitrary spin in an expanding universe is always isotropic in average provided the fields remain bounded and evolve rapidly compared to the rate of expansion. An analytic expression for the average equation of state is obtained for Lagrangians with generic power-law kinetic and potential terms. As an example we consider the behavior of a spin-two field in the standard Fierz-Pauli theory of massive gravity. The results can be extended to general space-time geometries for locally inertial observers.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Nov 2013 15:03:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 6 Jun 2014 10:00:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-17
[ [ "Cembranos", "J. A. R.", "" ], [ "Maroto", "A. L.", "" ], [ "Jareño", "S. J. Núñez", "" ] ]
We show that the energy-momentum tensor of homogeneous fields of arbitrary spin in an expanding universe is always isotropic in average provided the fields remain bounded and evolve rapidly compared to the rate of expansion. An analytic expression for the average equation of state is obtained for Lagrangians with generic power-law kinetic and potential terms. As an example we consider the behavior of a spin-two field in the standard Fierz-Pauli theory of massive gravity. The results can be extended to general space-time geometries for locally inertial observers.
1802.06808
Carlos A. S. Almeida
C A S Almeida, D F S Veras and D M Dantas
Corrections to Newton's law of gravitation - application to hybrid Bloch brane
7 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of The XXVth International Conference on Integrable Systems and Quantum symmetries (ISQS-25)
IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 965 (2018) 012002
10.1088/1742-6596/965/1/012002
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present in this work, the calculations of corrections in the Newton's law of gravitation due to Kaluza-Klein gravitons in five-dimensional warped thick braneworld scenarios. We consider here a recently proposed model, namely, the hybrid Bloch brane. This model couples two scalar fields to gravity and is engendered from a domain wall-like defect. Also, two other models the so-called asymmetric hybrid brane and compact brane are considered. As a matter of fact, these models are obtained from deformations of the phi4 and sine-Gordon topological defects. Then, we constructed the branes upon such defects, and the corresponding corrections in Newton's law of gravitation are computed. In order to attain the mass spectrum and its corresponding eigenfunctions which are the essential quantities for computing the correction to the Newtonian potential, we develop a suitable numerical technique.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Feb 2018 19:03:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-02-21
[ [ "Almeida", "C A S", "" ], [ "Veras", "D F S", "" ], [ "Dantas", "D M", "" ] ]
We present in this work, the calculations of corrections in the Newton's law of gravitation due to Kaluza-Klein gravitons in five-dimensional warped thick braneworld scenarios. We consider here a recently proposed model, namely, the hybrid Bloch brane. This model couples two scalar fields to gravity and is engendered from a domain wall-like defect. Also, two other models the so-called asymmetric hybrid brane and compact brane are considered. As a matter of fact, these models are obtained from deformations of the phi4 and sine-Gordon topological defects. Then, we constructed the branes upon such defects, and the corresponding corrections in Newton's law of gravitation are computed. In order to attain the mass spectrum and its corresponding eigenfunctions which are the essential quantities for computing the correction to the Newtonian potential, we develop a suitable numerical technique.
2204.00982
Guangzhou Guo
Guangzhou Guo, Peng Wang, Houwen Wu, and Haitang Yang
Echoes from Hairy Black Holes
22 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables and references add
null
10.1007/JHEP06(2022)073
CTP-SCU/2022004
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the waveforms of time signals produced by scalar perturbations in static hairy black holes, in which the perturbations can be governed by a double-peak effective potential. The inner potential peak would give rise to echoes, which provide a powerful tool to test the Kerr hypothesis. The waveforms are constructed in the time and frequency domains, and we find that the late-time waveforms are determined by the long-lived and sub-long-lived quasinormal modes, which are trapped in the potential valley and near the smaller peak, respectively. When the distance between the peaks is significantly larger than the width of the peaks, a train of decaying echo pulses is produced by the superposition of the long-lived and sub-long-lived modes. In certain cases, the echoes can vanish and then reappear. When the peaks are close enough, one detects far fewer echo signals and a following sinusoid tail, which is controlled by the long-lived or sub-long-lived mode and hence decays very slowly.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Apr 2022 04:00:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Apr 2022 15:39:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-06-29
[ [ "Guo", "Guangzhou", "" ], [ "Wang", "Peng", "" ], [ "Wu", "Houwen", "" ], [ "Yang", "Haitang", "" ] ]
We study the waveforms of time signals produced by scalar perturbations in static hairy black holes, in which the perturbations can be governed by a double-peak effective potential. The inner potential peak would give rise to echoes, which provide a powerful tool to test the Kerr hypothesis. The waveforms are constructed in the time and frequency domains, and we find that the late-time waveforms are determined by the long-lived and sub-long-lived quasinormal modes, which are trapped in the potential valley and near the smaller peak, respectively. When the distance between the peaks is significantly larger than the width of the peaks, a train of decaying echo pulses is produced by the superposition of the long-lived and sub-long-lived modes. In certain cases, the echoes can vanish and then reappear. When the peaks are close enough, one detects far fewer echo signals and a following sinusoid tail, which is controlled by the long-lived or sub-long-lived mode and hence decays very slowly.
2001.09687
Andronikos Paliathanasis
Nikolaos Dimakis and Andronikos Paliathanasis
Crossing the phantom divide line as an effect of quantum transitions
23 pages, 7 figures, version accepted for publication by Classical and Quantum Gravity
null
10.1088/1361-6382/abdaf6
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the Chiral cosmological model consisting of two scalar fields minimally coupled to gravity. In the context of a Friedmann--Lema\^{\i}tre--Robertson--Walker (FLRW) space-time, and for massless fields in the presence of a cosmological constant, we present the general solution of the field equations. The minisuperspace configuration that possesses maximal symmetry leads to scenarios which - depending on the admissible value of the parameters - correspond to a quintessence, quintom or phantom case. The canonical quantization of the model retrieves this distinction as different families of quantum states. The crossing of the phantom line is related to the existence of free or bound states for the Casimir operator of the symmetry algebra of the fields. The classical singularity, which is present in the quintessence solution, is also resolved at the quantum level.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Jan 2020 10:54:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Jan 2021 16:25:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-09
[ [ "Dimakis", "Nikolaos", "" ], [ "Paliathanasis", "Andronikos", "" ] ]
We consider the Chiral cosmological model consisting of two scalar fields minimally coupled to gravity. In the context of a Friedmann--Lema\^{\i}tre--Robertson--Walker (FLRW) space-time, and for massless fields in the presence of a cosmological constant, we present the general solution of the field equations. The minisuperspace configuration that possesses maximal symmetry leads to scenarios which - depending on the admissible value of the parameters - correspond to a quintessence, quintom or phantom case. The canonical quantization of the model retrieves this distinction as different families of quantum states. The crossing of the phantom line is related to the existence of free or bound states for the Casimir operator of the symmetry algebra of the fields. The classical singularity, which is present in the quintessence solution, is also resolved at the quantum level.
1603.08087
Sang Pyo Kim
Sang Pyo Kim, Won Kim (Kunsan Natl U.)
Will quantum cosmology resurrect chaotic inflation model?
LaTex 10 pages, 1 figure; CosPA 2015 (Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics), IBS, Daejeon, Korea, Oct. 12-16, 2015; to be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys.: Conf. Ser
null
10.1142/S2010194516602052
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The single field chaotic inflation model with a monomial power greater than one seems to be ruled out by the recent Planck and WMAP CMB data while Starobinsky model with a higher curvature term seems to be a viable model. Higher curvature terms being originated from quantum fluctuations, we revisit the quantum cosmology of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the chaotic inflation model. The semiclassical cosmology emerges from quantum cosmology with fluctuations of spacetimes and matter when the wave function is peaked around the semiclassical trajectory with quantum corrections a la the de Broglie-Bohm pilot theory.
[ { "created": "Sat, 26 Mar 2016 08:41:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-03
[ [ "Kim", "Sang Pyo", "", "Kunsan Natl U." ], [ "Kim", "Won", "", "Kunsan Natl U." ] ]
The single field chaotic inflation model with a monomial power greater than one seems to be ruled out by the recent Planck and WMAP CMB data while Starobinsky model with a higher curvature term seems to be a viable model. Higher curvature terms being originated from quantum fluctuations, we revisit the quantum cosmology of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the chaotic inflation model. The semiclassical cosmology emerges from quantum cosmology with fluctuations of spacetimes and matter when the wave function is peaked around the semiclassical trajectory with quantum corrections a la the de Broglie-Bohm pilot theory.
gr-qc/0504106
Alessandra Di Credico
Alessandra Di Credico (for the LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
Gravitational wave burst vetoes in the LIGO S2 and S3 data analyses
9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity for the special issue of the GWDAW9 Proceedings
Class.Quant.Grav. 22 (2005) S1051-S1058
10.1088/0264-9381/22/18/S19
null
gr-qc
null
The LIGO detectors collected about 4 months of data in 2003-2004 during two science runs, S2 and S3. Several environmental and auxiliary channels that monitor the instruments' physical environment and overall interferometric operation were analyzed in order to establish the quality of the data as well as the presence of transients of non-astrophysical origin. This analysis allowed better understanding of the noise character of the instruments and the establishment of correlations between transients in these channels and the one recording the gravitational wave strain. In this way vetoes for spurious burst were identified. We present the methodology we followed in this analysis and the results from the S2 and S3 veto analysis within the context of the search for gravitational wave bursts.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Apr 2005 16:39:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Di Credico", "Alessandra", "", "for the LIGO Scientific Collaboration" ] ]
The LIGO detectors collected about 4 months of data in 2003-2004 during two science runs, S2 and S3. Several environmental and auxiliary channels that monitor the instruments' physical environment and overall interferometric operation were analyzed in order to establish the quality of the data as well as the presence of transients of non-astrophysical origin. This analysis allowed better understanding of the noise character of the instruments and the establishment of correlations between transients in these channels and the one recording the gravitational wave strain. In this way vetoes for spurious burst were identified. We present the methodology we followed in this analysis and the results from the S2 and S3 veto analysis within the context of the search for gravitational wave bursts.
gr-qc/9412008
David Garfinkle
David Garfinkle
Choptuik scaling in null coordinates
latex (revtex), 6 figures included in the file
Phys.Rev.D51:5558-5561,1995
10.1103/PhysRevD.51.5558
null
gr-qc
null
A numerical simulation is performed of the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric scalar field. The algorithm uses the null initial value formulation of the Einstein-scalar equations, but does {\it not} use adaptive mesh refinement. A study is made of the critical phenomena found by Choptuik in this system. In particular it is verified that the critical solution exhibits periodic self-similarity. This work thus provides a simple algorithm that gives verification of the Choptuik results.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Dec 1994 00:36:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-01
[ [ "Garfinkle", "David", "" ] ]
A numerical simulation is performed of the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric scalar field. The algorithm uses the null initial value formulation of the Einstein-scalar equations, but does {\it not} use adaptive mesh refinement. A study is made of the critical phenomena found by Choptuik in this system. In particular it is verified that the critical solution exhibits periodic self-similarity. This work thus provides a simple algorithm that gives verification of the Choptuik results.
gr-qc/0612165
Pankaj S. Joshi
Pankaj S. Joshi
The structure of non-spacelike curves from a spacetime singularity
4 pages, revtex
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate here the causal structure of spacetime in the vicinity of a spacetime singularity. The particle and energy emission from such ultra-dense regions forming in gravitational collapse of a massive matter cloud is governed by the nature of non-spacelike paths near the same. These trajectories are examined to show that if a null geodesic comes out from the singularity, then there exist families of future-directed non-spacelike curves which also necessarily escape from the naked singularity. The existence of such families is crucial to the physical visibility of the singularity. We do not assume any underlying symmetries for the spacetime, and earlier considerations on the nature of causal trajectories emerging from a naked singularity are generalized and clarified.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Dec 2006 06:39:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ] ]
We investigate here the causal structure of spacetime in the vicinity of a spacetime singularity. The particle and energy emission from such ultra-dense regions forming in gravitational collapse of a massive matter cloud is governed by the nature of non-spacelike paths near the same. These trajectories are examined to show that if a null geodesic comes out from the singularity, then there exist families of future-directed non-spacelike curves which also necessarily escape from the naked singularity. The existence of such families is crucial to the physical visibility of the singularity. We do not assume any underlying symmetries for the spacetime, and earlier considerations on the nature of causal trajectories emerging from a naked singularity are generalized and clarified.
1010.5132
Mihalis Dafermos
Mihalis Dafermos and Igor Rodnianski
Decay for solutions of the wave equation on Kerr exterior spacetimes I-II: The cases |a| << M or axisymmetry
57 pages, 4 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc math.AP math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper contains the first two parts (I-II) of a three-part series concerning the scalar wave equation \Box_g{\psi} = 0 on a fixed Kerr background. We here restrict to two cases: (II1) |a| \ll M, general {\psi} or (II2) |a| < M, {\psi} axisymmetric. In either case, we prove a version of 'integrated local energy decay', specifically, that the 4-integral of an energy-type density (degenerating in a neighborhood of the Schwarzschild photon sphere and at infinity), integrated over the domain of dependence of a spacelike hypersurface {\Sigma} connecting the future event horizon with spacelike infinity or a sphere on null infinity, is bounded by a natural (non-degenerate) energy flux of {\psi} through {\Sigma}. (The case (II1) has in fact been treated previously in our Clay Lecture notes: Lectures on black holes and linear waves, arXiv:0811.0354.) In our forthcoming Part III, the restriction to axisymmetry for the general |a| < M case is removed. The complete proof is surveyed in our companion paper The black hole stability problem for linear scalar perturbations, which includes the essential details of our forthcoming Part III. Together with previous work (see our: A new physical-space approach to decay for the wave equation with applications to black hole spacetimes, in XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics, Pavel Exner ed., Prague 2009 pp. 421-433, 2009, arxiv:0910.4957), this result leads, under suitable assumptions on initial data of {\psi}, to polynomial decay bounds for the energy flux of {\psi} through the foliation of the black hole exterior defined by the time translates of a spacelike hypersurface {\Sigma} terminating on null infinity, as well as to pointwise decay estimates, of a definitive form useful for nonlinear applications.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Oct 2010 14:07:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-10-26
[ [ "Dafermos", "Mihalis", "" ], [ "Rodnianski", "Igor", "" ] ]
This paper contains the first two parts (I-II) of a three-part series concerning the scalar wave equation \Box_g{\psi} = 0 on a fixed Kerr background. We here restrict to two cases: (II1) |a| \ll M, general {\psi} or (II2) |a| < M, {\psi} axisymmetric. In either case, we prove a version of 'integrated local energy decay', specifically, that the 4-integral of an energy-type density (degenerating in a neighborhood of the Schwarzschild photon sphere and at infinity), integrated over the domain of dependence of a spacelike hypersurface {\Sigma} connecting the future event horizon with spacelike infinity or a sphere on null infinity, is bounded by a natural (non-degenerate) energy flux of {\psi} through {\Sigma}. (The case (II1) has in fact been treated previously in our Clay Lecture notes: Lectures on black holes and linear waves, arXiv:0811.0354.) In our forthcoming Part III, the restriction to axisymmetry for the general |a| < M case is removed. The complete proof is surveyed in our companion paper The black hole stability problem for linear scalar perturbations, which includes the essential details of our forthcoming Part III. Together with previous work (see our: A new physical-space approach to decay for the wave equation with applications to black hole spacetimes, in XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics, Pavel Exner ed., Prague 2009 pp. 421-433, 2009, arxiv:0910.4957), this result leads, under suitable assumptions on initial data of {\psi}, to polynomial decay bounds for the energy flux of {\psi} through the foliation of the black hole exterior defined by the time translates of a spacelike hypersurface {\Sigma} terminating on null infinity, as well as to pointwise decay estimates, of a definitive form useful for nonlinear applications.
2307.03164
Hassan Firouzjahi
Hassan Firouzjahi, Alireza Talebian
Induced Gravitational Waves from Ultra Slow-Roll Inflation and Pulsar Timing Arrays Observations
V3: References added, discussions improved, 16 pages, 5 figs. JCAP published version
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) detected recently by the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) observations may have cosmological origins. In this work we consider a model of single field inflation containing an intermediate phase of ultra slow-roll. Fixing the amplitude of the peak of curvature perturbations by the PBHs bounds we calculate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced from the curvature perturbations enhanced during USR. The spectrum of the induced GWs depends on the sharpness of the transition from the USR phase to the final attractor phase as well as to the duration of the USR period. While the model can accommodate the current PTAs data but it has non-trivial predictions for the induced GWs on higher frequency ranges which can be tested by future observations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Jul 2023 17:46:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Jul 2023 16:01:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 8 Oct 2023 13:04:41 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-10-10
[ [ "Firouzjahi", "Hassan", "" ], [ "Talebian", "Alireza", "" ] ]
The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) detected recently by the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) observations may have cosmological origins. In this work we consider a model of single field inflation containing an intermediate phase of ultra slow-roll. Fixing the amplitude of the peak of curvature perturbations by the PBHs bounds we calculate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced from the curvature perturbations enhanced during USR. The spectrum of the induced GWs depends on the sharpness of the transition from the USR phase to the final attractor phase as well as to the duration of the USR period. While the model can accommodate the current PTAs data but it has non-trivial predictions for the induced GWs on higher frequency ranges which can be tested by future observations.
gr-qc/0307002
Hirotaka Takahashi
Hirotaka Takahashi, Hideyuki Tagoshi, the TAMA Collaboration and the LISM Collaboration
Coincidence analysis to search for inspiraling compact binaries
14 pages, 3 figures,accepted for publication in Class. Quant. Grav. as Special issue article (Proceedings of GWDAW December 17-19, 2002, Kyoto, Japan)
Class.Quant.Grav. 20 (2003) S741-S751
10.1088/0264-9381/20/17/317
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We discuss a method of coincidence analysis to search for gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries using the data of two laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors. We examine the allowed difference of the wave's parameters estimated by each detector to obtain good detection efficiency. We also discuss a method to set an upper limit to the event rate from the results of the coincidence analysis. For the purpose to test above methods, we performed a coincidence analysis by applying these methods to the real data of TAMA300 and LISM detectors taken during 2001. We show that the fake event rate is reduced significantly by the coincidence analysis without losing real events very much. Results of the test analysis are also given.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Jul 2003 04:16:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Takahashi", "Hirotaka", "" ], [ "Tagoshi", "Hideyuki", "" ], [ "Collaboration", "the TAMA", "" ], [ "Collaboration", "the LISM", "" ] ]
We discuss a method of coincidence analysis to search for gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries using the data of two laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors. We examine the allowed difference of the wave's parameters estimated by each detector to obtain good detection efficiency. We also discuss a method to set an upper limit to the event rate from the results of the coincidence analysis. For the purpose to test above methods, we performed a coincidence analysis by applying these methods to the real data of TAMA300 and LISM detectors taken during 2001. We show that the fake event rate is reduced significantly by the coincidence analysis without losing real events very much. Results of the test analysis are also given.
1312.4641
Sergey Kozyrev
Sergey Kozyrev
From Brans-Dicke theory to Newtonian gravity
4 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/
We present the new interpretation of scalar field for the Brans-Dicke theory. This interpretation is obtained by considering a fixed spacetime structure of manifold.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Dec 2013 05:06:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 22 Dec 2013 05:37:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-12-24
[ [ "Kozyrev", "Sergey", "" ] ]
We present the new interpretation of scalar field for the Brans-Dicke theory. This interpretation is obtained by considering a fixed spacetime structure of manifold.
1602.07992
Sam Dolan Dr
David Dempsey and Sam R Dolan
Waves and null congruences in a draining bathtub
12 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings for III Amazonian Symposium on Physics
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D 25 (2016) 1641004
10.1142/S0218271816410042
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study wave propagation in a draining bathtub: a fluid-mechanical black hole analogue in which perturbations are governed by a Klein-Gordon equation on an effective Lorentzian geometry. Like the Kerr spacetime, the draining bathtub geometry possesses an (effective) horizon, an ergosphere and null circular orbits. We propose that a `pulse' disturbance may be used to map out the light-cone of the effective geometry. First, we apply the eikonal approximation to elucidate the link between wavefronts, null geodesic congruences and the Raychaudhuri equation. Next, we solve the wave equation numerically in the time domain using the method of lines. Starting with Gaussian initial data, we demonstrate that a pulse will propagate along a null congruence and thus trace out the light-cone of the effective geometry. Our numerical results reveal features, such as wavefront intersections, frame-dragging, winding and interference effects, that are closely associated with the presence of null circular orbits and the ergosphere.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Feb 2016 16:47:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-05-11
[ [ "Dempsey", "David", "" ], [ "Dolan", "Sam R", "" ] ]
We study wave propagation in a draining bathtub: a fluid-mechanical black hole analogue in which perturbations are governed by a Klein-Gordon equation on an effective Lorentzian geometry. Like the Kerr spacetime, the draining bathtub geometry possesses an (effective) horizon, an ergosphere and null circular orbits. We propose that a `pulse' disturbance may be used to map out the light-cone of the effective geometry. First, we apply the eikonal approximation to elucidate the link between wavefronts, null geodesic congruences and the Raychaudhuri equation. Next, we solve the wave equation numerically in the time domain using the method of lines. Starting with Gaussian initial data, we demonstrate that a pulse will propagate along a null congruence and thus trace out the light-cone of the effective geometry. Our numerical results reveal features, such as wavefront intersections, frame-dragging, winding and interference effects, that are closely associated with the presence of null circular orbits and the ergosphere.
2011.14633
Olivier Minazzoli
Olivier Minazzoli
De Sitter space-times in Entangled Relativity
9 pages, no figure
Class. Quantum Grav.38(2021) 137003 (7pp)
10.1088/1361-6382/ac0589
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is argued that de Sitter space-times might be solutions of entangled relativity once the quantum trace anomaly from matter fields in curved space-times is taken into account. This hypothesis would be an elegant solution to the acceleration of the expansion of the universe within the rigid framework of entangled relativity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Nov 2020 09:18:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 May 2021 08:05:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-25
[ [ "Minazzoli", "Olivier", "" ] ]
It is argued that de Sitter space-times might be solutions of entangled relativity once the quantum trace anomaly from matter fields in curved space-times is taken into account. This hypothesis would be an elegant solution to the acceleration of the expansion of the universe within the rigid framework of entangled relativity.
1402.4521
Shohei Aoyama
Shohei Aoyama, Rina Tazai, Kiyotomo Ichiki
Upper limit on the amplitude of gravitational waves around 0.1Hz from the Global Positioning System
6 pages, 2figures, Accepted for the publication in Physical Review D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.067101
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The global positioning system (GPS) is composed of thirty one satellites having atomic clocks with $10^{-15}$ accuracy on board and enables one to calibrate the primary standard for frequency on the ground. Using the fact that oscillators on the ground have been successfully stabilized with high accuracy by receiving radio waves emitted from the GPS satellites, we set a constraint on the strain amplitude of the gravitational wave background $h_{\rm c}$. We find that the GPS has already placed a meaningful constraint, and the constraint on the continuous component of gravitational waves is given as $h_{\rm c}<4.8\times 10^{-12}(1/ f)$ at $10^{-2}\lesssim f \lesssim 10^{0}$ Hz, for stabilized oscillators with ${\Delta \nu}/{\nu}\simeq 10^{-12}$. Thanks to the advantage of the Doppler tracking method, seismic oscillations do not affect the current constraint. Constraints on $h_c$ in the same frequency range from the velocity measurements by the lunar explorers in the Apollo mission are also derived.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Feb 2014 22:50:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-18
[ [ "Aoyama", "Shohei", "" ], [ "Tazai", "Rina", "" ], [ "Ichiki", "Kiyotomo", "" ] ]
The global positioning system (GPS) is composed of thirty one satellites having atomic clocks with $10^{-15}$ accuracy on board and enables one to calibrate the primary standard for frequency on the ground. Using the fact that oscillators on the ground have been successfully stabilized with high accuracy by receiving radio waves emitted from the GPS satellites, we set a constraint on the strain amplitude of the gravitational wave background $h_{\rm c}$. We find that the GPS has already placed a meaningful constraint, and the constraint on the continuous component of gravitational waves is given as $h_{\rm c}<4.8\times 10^{-12}(1/ f)$ at $10^{-2}\lesssim f \lesssim 10^{0}$ Hz, for stabilized oscillators with ${\Delta \nu}/{\nu}\simeq 10^{-12}$. Thanks to the advantage of the Doppler tracking method, seismic oscillations do not affect the current constraint. Constraints on $h_c$ in the same frequency range from the velocity measurements by the lunar explorers in the Apollo mission are also derived.
2207.05594
Arun Mangalam
Prerna Rana (1), A. Mangalam (2) ((1) Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, (2) Indian Institute of Astrophysics)
Bound orbit domains in the phase space of the Kerr geometry
7 pages, 2 figures, Conference: Proceedings of the MG15 Meeting on General Relativity
null
10.1142/9789811258251_0116
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the conditions for a non-equatorial eccentric bound orbit to exist around a Kerr black hole in two-parameter spaces: the energy, angular momentum of the test particle, spin of the black hole, and Carter's constant space ($E$, $L$, $a$, $Q$), and eccentricity, inverse-latus rectum space ($e$, $\mu$, $a$, $Q$). These conditions distribute various kinds of bound orbits in different regions of the ($E$, $L$) and ($e$, $\mu$) planes, depending on which pair of roots of the effective potential forms a bound orbit. We provide a prescription to select these parameters for bound orbits, which are useful inputs to study bound trajectory evolution in various astrophysical applications like simulations of gravitational wave emission from extreme-mass ratio inspirals, relativistic precession around black holes, and the study of gyroscope precession as a test of general relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Jul 2022 15:12:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-12-07
[ [ "Rana", "Prerna", "" ], [ "Mangalam", "A.", "" ] ]
We derive the conditions for a non-equatorial eccentric bound orbit to exist around a Kerr black hole in two-parameter spaces: the energy, angular momentum of the test particle, spin of the black hole, and Carter's constant space ($E$, $L$, $a$, $Q$), and eccentricity, inverse-latus rectum space ($e$, $\mu$, $a$, $Q$). These conditions distribute various kinds of bound orbits in different regions of the ($E$, $L$) and ($e$, $\mu$) planes, depending on which pair of roots of the effective potential forms a bound orbit. We provide a prescription to select these parameters for bound orbits, which are useful inputs to study bound trajectory evolution in various astrophysical applications like simulations of gravitational wave emission from extreme-mass ratio inspirals, relativistic precession around black holes, and the study of gyroscope precession as a test of general relativity.
2205.05149
Vitorio A. De Lorenci
V. A. De Lorenci and L. T. de Paula
Analog models for gravity in linear magnetoelectrics
7 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc physics.optics
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Formal analogies between gravitational and optical phenomena have been subject of study for over a century, leading to interesting scenarios for testing kinematic aspects of general relativity in terrestrial laboratories. Here, some aspects about analog models for gravity obtained from the analysis of light propagation in linear magnetoeletric media are examined. In particular, it is shown that this effect produces mixed time-space terms in the effective metric that depend only on the antisymmetric part of the generally non-symmetric magnetoelectric coefficient. Furthermore, it is shown that solutions presenting analog event horizons can be proposed in this scenario, provided that certain consistency conditions are satisfied. A short discussion comparing different ways of constructing analog models is also presented.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 May 2022 20:06:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-12
[ [ "De Lorenci", "V. A.", "" ], [ "de Paula", "L. T.", "" ] ]
Formal analogies between gravitational and optical phenomena have been subject of study for over a century, leading to interesting scenarios for testing kinematic aspects of general relativity in terrestrial laboratories. Here, some aspects about analog models for gravity obtained from the analysis of light propagation in linear magnetoeletric media are examined. In particular, it is shown that this effect produces mixed time-space terms in the effective metric that depend only on the antisymmetric part of the generally non-symmetric magnetoelectric coefficient. Furthermore, it is shown that solutions presenting analog event horizons can be proposed in this scenario, provided that certain consistency conditions are satisfied. A short discussion comparing different ways of constructing analog models is also presented.
0812.2843
Joel Weller
Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck, Lisa M. H. Hall and Joel M. Weller
Slow-Roll Inflation in the Presence of a Dark Energy Coupling
15 pages, 7 figures; added references and a more detailed treatment of the perturbation equations (Sec. II.B and fig.1)
Phys.Rev.D79:103508,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.79.103508
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In models of coupled dark energy, in which a dark energy scalar field couples to other matter components, it is natural to expect a coupling to the inflaton as well. We explore the consequences of such a coupling in the context of single field slow-roll inflation. Assuming an exponential potential for the quintessence field we show that the coupling to the inflaton causes the quintessence field to be attracted towards the minimum of the effective potential. If the coupling is large enough, the field is heavy and is located at the minimum. We show how this affects the expansion rate and the slow-roll of the inflaton field, and therefore the primordial perturbations generated during inflation. We further show that the coupling has an important impact on the processes of reheating and preheating.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Dec 2008 16:34:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 May 2009 15:28:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-29
[ [ "Brax", "Philippe", "" ], [ "van de Bruck", "Carsten", "" ], [ "Hall", "Lisa M. H.", "" ], [ "Weller", "Joel M.", "" ] ]
In models of coupled dark energy, in which a dark energy scalar field couples to other matter components, it is natural to expect a coupling to the inflaton as well. We explore the consequences of such a coupling in the context of single field slow-roll inflation. Assuming an exponential potential for the quintessence field we show that the coupling to the inflaton causes the quintessence field to be attracted towards the minimum of the effective potential. If the coupling is large enough, the field is heavy and is located at the minimum. We show how this affects the expansion rate and the slow-roll of the inflaton field, and therefore the primordial perturbations generated during inflation. We further show that the coupling has an important impact on the processes of reheating and preheating.
1003.4246
Claus Gerhardt
Claus Gerhardt
Combining gravity with the forces of the standard model on a cosmological scale
53 pages, v6: some typos corrected
Class.Quant.Grav.27:155008,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/15/155008
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove the existence of a spectral resolution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation when the underlying spacetime is a Friedman universe with flat spatial slices and where the matter fields are comprised of the strong interaction, with $\SU(3)$ replaced by a general $\SU(n)$, $n\ge 2$, and the electro-weak interaction. The wave functions are maps from $\R[4n+10]$ to a subspace of the antisymmetric Fock space, and one noteworthy result is that, whenever the electro-weak interaction is involved, the image of an eigenfunction is in general not one dimensional, i.e., in general it makes no sense specifying a fermion and looking for an eigenfunction the range of which is contained in the one dimensional vector space spanned by the fermion.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:17:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Mar 2010 12:01:15 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Apr 2010 15:45:11 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 May 2010 18:44:24 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "cre...
2010-07-27
[ [ "Gerhardt", "Claus", "" ] ]
We prove the existence of a spectral resolution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation when the underlying spacetime is a Friedman universe with flat spatial slices and where the matter fields are comprised of the strong interaction, with $\SU(3)$ replaced by a general $\SU(n)$, $n\ge 2$, and the electro-weak interaction. The wave functions are maps from $\R[4n+10]$ to a subspace of the antisymmetric Fock space, and one noteworthy result is that, whenever the electro-weak interaction is involved, the image of an eigenfunction is in general not one dimensional, i.e., in general it makes no sense specifying a fermion and looking for an eigenfunction the range of which is contained in the one dimensional vector space spanned by the fermion.
1309.5971
Jose' P. S. Lemos
Jos\'e P. S. Lemos, Paulo Pani
Gravitational fields with sources, regular black holes, quasiblack holes, and analogue black holes
Report of the Parallel Session AT3 at the Marcel Grossmann Meeting 13, Stockholm 2012, Proceedings of the Conference. 9 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.SR hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss recent developments in gravitational fields with sources, regular black holes, quasiblack holes, and analogue black holes, related to the talks presented at the corresponding Parallel Session AT3 of the 13th Marcel Grossmann Meeting.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Sep 2013 20:21:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-09-25
[ [ "Lemos", "José P. S.", "" ], [ "Pani", "Paulo", "" ] ]
We discuss recent developments in gravitational fields with sources, regular black holes, quasiblack holes, and analogue black holes, related to the talks presented at the corresponding Parallel Session AT3 of the 13th Marcel Grossmann Meeting.
gr-qc/9412017
Pietro Menotti
Pietro Menotti
Gravity in 2+1 dimensions
Two lectures given at the XI Italian Relativity Meeting, Trieste 26-30 September 1994 ; 30 pages plain TeX, no figures
null
null
IFUP-TH-70/94
gr-qc hep-th
null
A review is given of some classical and quantum aspects of 2+1 dimensional gravity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Dec 1994 09:36:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Menotti", "Pietro", "" ] ]
A review is given of some classical and quantum aspects of 2+1 dimensional gravity.
1011.2726
Razvan-Gheorghe Gurau
Razvan Gurau
The 1/N expansion of colored tensor models
typos corrected, references updated
Annales Henri Poincare 12:829-847,2011
10.1007/s00023-011-0101-8
PI-QG-201
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we perform the 1/N expansion of the colored three dimensional Boulatov tensor model. As in matrix models, we obtain a systematic topological expansion, with more and more complicated topologies suppressed by higher and higher powers of N. We compute the first orders of the expansion and prove that only graphs corresponding to three spheres S^3 contribute to the leading order in the large N limit.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Nov 2010 18:07:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Nov 2010 15:46:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-05-18
[ [ "Gurau", "Razvan", "" ] ]
In this paper we perform the 1/N expansion of the colored three dimensional Boulatov tensor model. As in matrix models, we obtain a systematic topological expansion, with more and more complicated topologies suppressed by higher and higher powers of N. We compute the first orders of the expansion and prove that only graphs corresponding to three spheres S^3 contribute to the leading order in the large N limit.
gr-qc/9801049
Tomohiro Harada
Tomohiro Harada
Neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories of gravity and catastrophe theory
17 pages, 9 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D57 (1998) 4802-4811
10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4802
KUNS-1476
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We investigate neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories. We examine their secular stability against spherically symmetric perturbations by use of a turning point method. For some choices of the coupling function contained in the theories, the number of the stable equilibrium solutions changes and the realized equilibrium may change discontinuously as the asymptotic value of the scalar field or total baryon number is changed continuously. The behaviour of the stable equilibrium solutions is explained by fold and cusp catastrophes. Whether the cusp catastrophe appears or not depends on the choices of the coupling function. These types of the catastrophes are structurally stable. Recently discovered spontaneous scalarization, which is non-perturbative strong-field phenomenon due to the presence of the gravitational scalar field, is well described in terms of the cusp catastrophe.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Jan 1998 14:10:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Feb 1998 02:04:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Harada", "Tomohiro", "" ] ]
We investigate neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories. We examine their secular stability against spherically symmetric perturbations by use of a turning point method. For some choices of the coupling function contained in the theories, the number of the stable equilibrium solutions changes and the realized equilibrium may change discontinuously as the asymptotic value of the scalar field or total baryon number is changed continuously. The behaviour of the stable equilibrium solutions is explained by fold and cusp catastrophes. Whether the cusp catastrophe appears or not depends on the choices of the coupling function. These types of the catastrophes are structurally stable. Recently discovered spontaneous scalarization, which is non-perturbative strong-field phenomenon due to the presence of the gravitational scalar field, is well described in terms of the cusp catastrophe.
2107.12164
Bibhas Majhi Ranjan
Mousumi Maitra, Debaprasad Maity, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
BMS Goldstone modes near the horizon of a Kerr black hole are thermal
Minor modifications, to appear Phys. Lett. B
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136825
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Near horizon Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) like symmetry is spontaneously broken by the black hole background itself and hence gives rise to Goldstone mode. The associated Goldstone mode for the near horizon BMS like symmetry of a Schwarzschild black hole was found to behave like inverted harmonic oscillators, which has been further shown to lead to thermodynamic temperature in the semi-classical regime. Here we investigate the generalization of this previous findings for the Kerr black hole. The analysis is being performed for two different situations. Firstly, we analyze Goldstone mode dynamics considering {\it slowly rotating} Kerr. In other case the problem is solved in the frame of {\it zero angular momentum observer} (ZAMO) with arbitrary value of rotation. In both analysis the effective semi-classical temperature of Goldstone modes turn out to be proportional to that of Hawking temperature. Due to such similarity and generality we feel that these Goldstone modes may play important role to understand the underlying microscopic description of horizon thermalization.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Jul 2021 12:31:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 Dec 2021 06:31:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-12-15
[ [ "Maitra", "Mousumi", "" ], [ "Maity", "Debaprasad", "" ], [ "Majhi", "Bibhas Ranjan", "" ] ]
Near horizon Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) like symmetry is spontaneously broken by the black hole background itself and hence gives rise to Goldstone mode. The associated Goldstone mode for the near horizon BMS like symmetry of a Schwarzschild black hole was found to behave like inverted harmonic oscillators, which has been further shown to lead to thermodynamic temperature in the semi-classical regime. Here we investigate the generalization of this previous findings for the Kerr black hole. The analysis is being performed for two different situations. Firstly, we analyze Goldstone mode dynamics considering {\it slowly rotating} Kerr. In other case the problem is solved in the frame of {\it zero angular momentum observer} (ZAMO) with arbitrary value of rotation. In both analysis the effective semi-classical temperature of Goldstone modes turn out to be proportional to that of Hawking temperature. Due to such similarity and generality we feel that these Goldstone modes may play important role to understand the underlying microscopic description of horizon thermalization.
1704.04169
Daiske Yoshida
Daiske Yoshida, Jiro Soda
Electromagnetic Memory Effect Induced by Axion Dark Matter
11 pages, 2 figures
Phys. Rev. D 96, 064005 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.064005
KOBE-COSMO-17-06
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Memory effects of gravitational waves from astronomical events or primordial universe might have the information of new physics. It is intriguing to observe that the memory effect exists in electrodynamics as a net momentum kick, while the memory effect in gravity appears as a net relatively displacement. In particular, Winicour has shown that the B-mode memory, which characterizes parity odd global distribution of memory, does not exist. We study the memory effect in axion electrodynamics and find that the B-mode memory effect can exist provided the existence of coherently oscillating axion background field. Moreover, we examine the detectability of the axion dark matter using this effect. We also argue the existence of the B-mode gravitational memory effect in the presence of the axion dark matter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Apr 2017 15:14:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Sep 2017 06:47:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-09-13
[ [ "Yoshida", "Daiske", "" ], [ "Soda", "Jiro", "" ] ]
Memory effects of gravitational waves from astronomical events or primordial universe might have the information of new physics. It is intriguing to observe that the memory effect exists in electrodynamics as a net momentum kick, while the memory effect in gravity appears as a net relatively displacement. In particular, Winicour has shown that the B-mode memory, which characterizes parity odd global distribution of memory, does not exist. We study the memory effect in axion electrodynamics and find that the B-mode memory effect can exist provided the existence of coherently oscillating axion background field. Moreover, we examine the detectability of the axion dark matter using this effect. We also argue the existence of the B-mode gravitational memory effect in the presence of the axion dark matter.
0901.1387
Bijan Saha
Bijan Saha
Spinor model of a perfect fluid
5 pages, some misprints are corrected, some new expressions are added
Central Eur.J.Phys.8 (2010) 920 - 923
10.2478/s11534-010-0019-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Different characteristic of matter influencing the evolution of the Universe has been simulated by means of a nonlinear spinor field. We have considered two cases where the spinor field nonlinearity occurs either as a result of self-action or due to the interaction with a scalar field.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Jan 2009 16:44:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 29 Jan 2009 08:49:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-01
[ [ "Saha", "Bijan", "" ] ]
Different characteristic of matter influencing the evolution of the Universe has been simulated by means of a nonlinear spinor field. We have considered two cases where the spinor field nonlinearity occurs either as a result of self-action or due to the interaction with a scalar field.
2304.04198
Yan Peng
Guohua Liu, Yan Peng
No long hair behaviors of ultra-compact objects
7 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate distributions of matter fields outside spherically symmetric ultra-compact objects in the asymptotically flat background. Based on the dominant energy condition and the non-negative trace condition, we analytically find a no long hair behavior, which states that the effective radius of matter field hairs cannot extend beyond the outermost null circular orbit.
[ { "created": "Sun, 9 Apr 2023 09:07:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-11
[ [ "Liu", "Guohua", "" ], [ "Peng", "Yan", "" ] ]
We investigate distributions of matter fields outside spherically symmetric ultra-compact objects in the asymptotically flat background. Based on the dominant energy condition and the non-negative trace condition, we analytically find a no long hair behavior, which states that the effective radius of matter field hairs cannot extend beyond the outermost null circular orbit.
2302.10155
Miguel Cruz
V\'ictor H. C\'ardenas, Miguel Cruz and Samuel Lepe
Generalized second law of thermodynamics for the matter creation scenario and emergence of phantom regime
7 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in EPJ Plus
Eur. Phys. J. Plus 139, 642 (2024)
10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05447-x
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work is focused on the exploration of the thermodynamics foundations of the matter creation scenario when a generalized form of the second law of thermodynamics for this scheme is implemented. In this scenario we consider an expanding cosmology in which the created matter is trapped by the apparent horizon. The scheme leads to phantom evolution but at first glance it lacks of physical consistency. However, the inclusion of chemical potential into the description solves the thermodynamics issues of the model and determines the behavior of the cosmic fluid, in other words, the cosmic fluid now can behave as phantom dark energy or as quintessence one.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Feb 2023 18:40:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Aug 2023 19:29:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Nov 2023 22:46:32 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 21 Jul 2024 16:46:01 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2024-07-23
[ [ "Cárdenas", "Víctor H.", "" ], [ "Cruz", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Lepe", "Samuel", "" ] ]
This work is focused on the exploration of the thermodynamics foundations of the matter creation scenario when a generalized form of the second law of thermodynamics for this scheme is implemented. In this scenario we consider an expanding cosmology in which the created matter is trapped by the apparent horizon. The scheme leads to phantom evolution but at first glance it lacks of physical consistency. However, the inclusion of chemical potential into the description solves the thermodynamics issues of the model and determines the behavior of the cosmic fluid, in other words, the cosmic fluid now can behave as phantom dark energy or as quintessence one.
0708.2490
Rickard Jonsson
Rickard Jonsson
Gyroscope precession in special and general relativity from basic principles
10 pages, 14 figures. Also includes an addendum, 1 page, 1 figure
Am.J.Phys.75:463-471,2007
10.1119/1.2719202
null
gr-qc
null
In special relativity a gyroscope that is suspended in a torque-free manner will precess as it is moved along a curved path relative to an inertial frame S. We explain this effect, which is known as Thomas precession, by considering a real grid that moves along with the gyroscope, and that by definition is not rotating as observed from its own momentary inertial rest frame. From the basic properties of the Lorentz transformation we deduce how the form and rotation of the grid (and hence the gyroscope) will evolve relative to S. As an intermediate step we consider how the grid would appear if it were not length contracted along the direction of motion. We show that the uncontracted grid obeys a simple law of rotation. This law simplifies the analysis of spin precession compared to more traditional approaches based on Fermi transport. We also consider gyroscope precession relative to an accelerated reference frame and show that there are extra precession effects that can be explained in a way analogous to the Thomas precession. Although fully relativistically correct, the entire analysis is carried out using three-vectors. By using the equivalence principle the formalism can also be applied to static spacetimes in general relativity. As an example, we calculate the precession of a gyroscope orbiting a static black hole. In an addendum the general reasoning is extended to include also rotating reference frames.
[ { "created": "Sat, 18 Aug 2007 15:17:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-11
[ [ "Jonsson", "Rickard", "" ] ]
In special relativity a gyroscope that is suspended in a torque-free manner will precess as it is moved along a curved path relative to an inertial frame S. We explain this effect, which is known as Thomas precession, by considering a real grid that moves along with the gyroscope, and that by definition is not rotating as observed from its own momentary inertial rest frame. From the basic properties of the Lorentz transformation we deduce how the form and rotation of the grid (and hence the gyroscope) will evolve relative to S. As an intermediate step we consider how the grid would appear if it were not length contracted along the direction of motion. We show that the uncontracted grid obeys a simple law of rotation. This law simplifies the analysis of spin precession compared to more traditional approaches based on Fermi transport. We also consider gyroscope precession relative to an accelerated reference frame and show that there are extra precession effects that can be explained in a way analogous to the Thomas precession. Although fully relativistically correct, the entire analysis is carried out using three-vectors. By using the equivalence principle the formalism can also be applied to static spacetimes in general relativity. As an example, we calculate the precession of a gyroscope orbiting a static black hole. In an addendum the general reasoning is extended to include also rotating reference frames.
1508.01102
Hristu Culetu
Hristu Culetu
Screening an extremal black hole with a thin shell of exotic matter
7 pages, no figures, minor changes, published in Physics of the Dark Universe 14 (2016) 1-3
null
10.1016/j.dark.2016.07.004
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the possibility of shielding a regular extremal black hole by means of a matter thin-shell. While the surface energy density $\sigma$ on the static shell is negative, the tangential pressures $p$ are positive, both of them being finite when the shell approaches the black hole horizon. The Darmois-Israel junction conditions are used to find $\sigma$ and $p$ in terms of the radius $a$ of the shell. The surface gravitational energy $E_{S}$ is computed, keeping track of the pressure contribution. The stability conditions are briefly investigated.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Aug 2015 15:17:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 9 Aug 2015 10:29:32 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 Oct 2015 13:44:44 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Aug 2016 15:42:59 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2016-08-15
[ [ "Culetu", "Hristu", "" ] ]
We study the possibility of shielding a regular extremal black hole by means of a matter thin-shell. While the surface energy density $\sigma$ on the static shell is negative, the tangential pressures $p$ are positive, both of them being finite when the shell approaches the black hole horizon. The Darmois-Israel junction conditions are used to find $\sigma$ and $p$ in terms of the radius $a$ of the shell. The surface gravitational energy $E_{S}$ is computed, keeping track of the pressure contribution. The stability conditions are briefly investigated.
0801.2213
Matveev Alexei S.
V.E. Didenko, A.S. Matveev and M.A. Vasiliev
Unfolded Description of $AdS_4$ Kerr Black Hole
18 pages
Phys.Lett.B665:284-293,2008
10.1016/j.physletb.2008.05.067
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
It is shown that $AdS_4$ Kerr black hole is a solution of simple unfolded differential equations that form a deformation of the zero-curvature description of empty $AdS_4$ space-time. Our construction uses the Killing symmetries of the Kerr solution. All known and some new algebraic properties of the Kerr-Schild solution result from the obtained black hole unfolded system in the coordinate-independent way. Kerr Schild type solutions of free equations in $AdS_4$ for massless fields of any spin, associated to the proposed black hole unfolded system, are found.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Jan 2008 05:01:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Jan 2008 00:20:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Didenko", "V. E.", "" ], [ "Matveev", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Vasiliev", "M. A.", "" ] ]
It is shown that $AdS_4$ Kerr black hole is a solution of simple unfolded differential equations that form a deformation of the zero-curvature description of empty $AdS_4$ space-time. Our construction uses the Killing symmetries of the Kerr solution. All known and some new algebraic properties of the Kerr-Schild solution result from the obtained black hole unfolded system in the coordinate-independent way. Kerr Schild type solutions of free equations in $AdS_4$ for massless fields of any spin, associated to the proposed black hole unfolded system, are found.
gr-qc/0009048
Semyon Pol'shin
Simeon Pol'shin
Quantization of massless fields over the static Robertson-Walker space of constant negative curvature
13 pages, LATEX, using ioplppt.sty and iopfts.sty. v.2: discussion with a lot of references is added. To appear in CQG
Class.Quant.Grav. 18 (2001) 2905-2916
10.1088/0264-9381/18/15/306
null
gr-qc
null
Taking the ${\Bbb R}^1 \times H^3$ space as an example, we develop the new method of quantization of fields over symmetric spaces. We construct the quantized massless fields of an arbitrary spin over the ${\Bbb R}^1 \times H^3$ space by the resolution over the systems of "plane waves" which are solutions of the corresponding wave equations. The propagators of these fields are ${\Bbb R}^1 \times SO(3,1)$-invariant and causal. For spin 0 and 1/2 fields the propagators are obtained in the explicit form.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Sep 2000 23:01:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 21 Jun 2001 20:22:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Pol'shin", "Simeon", "" ] ]
Taking the ${\Bbb R}^1 \times H^3$ space as an example, we develop the new method of quantization of fields over symmetric spaces. We construct the quantized massless fields of an arbitrary spin over the ${\Bbb R}^1 \times H^3$ space by the resolution over the systems of "plane waves" which are solutions of the corresponding wave equations. The propagators of these fields are ${\Bbb R}^1 \times SO(3,1)$-invariant and causal. For spin 0 and 1/2 fields the propagators are obtained in the explicit form.
0805.3955
Jarmo M\"akel\"a Dr.
J. Makela
A Simple Quantum-Mechanical Model of Spacetime II: Thermodynamics of Spacetime
37 pages. This is the second part in a series of two papers, where the paper gr-qc/0701128 has been divided in two and largely rewritten. In this version some typos have been corrected, and the paper has been partly re-organized
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this second part of our series of two papers, where spacetime is modelled by a graph, where Planck size quantum black holes lie on the vertices, we consider the thermodynamics of spacetime. We formulate an equation which tells in which way an accelerating, spacelike two-surface of spacetime interacts with the thermal radiation flowing through that surface. In the low temperature limit, where most quantum black holes constituting spacetime are assumed to lie in the ground state, our equation implies, among other things, the Hawking and the Unruh effects, as well as Einstein's field equation with a vanishing cosmological constant for general matter fields. We also consider the high temperature limit, where the microscopic black holes are assumed to lie in highly excited states. In this limit our model implies, among other things, that black hole entropy depends logarithmically on its area, instead of being proportional to the area.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 May 2008 13:19:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 6 Jul 2008 12:45:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Oct 2009 11:07:53 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-10-21
[ [ "Makela", "J.", "" ] ]
In this second part of our series of two papers, where spacetime is modelled by a graph, where Planck size quantum black holes lie on the vertices, we consider the thermodynamics of spacetime. We formulate an equation which tells in which way an accelerating, spacelike two-surface of spacetime interacts with the thermal radiation flowing through that surface. In the low temperature limit, where most quantum black holes constituting spacetime are assumed to lie in the ground state, our equation implies, among other things, the Hawking and the Unruh effects, as well as Einstein's field equation with a vanishing cosmological constant for general matter fields. We also consider the high temperature limit, where the microscopic black holes are assumed to lie in highly excited states. In this limit our model implies, among other things, that black hole entropy depends logarithmically on its area, instead of being proportional to the area.
0811.2615
Yi Ling
Yi Ling and Qingzhang Wu
The Big Bounce in Rainbow Universe
8pages, 5figures. Final version published in PLB.
Phys.Lett.B687:103-109,2010
10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.028
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The usual Einstein's equations is modified as a one parameter family of equations in the framework of rainbow gravity. In this paper we derive the modified Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) equations when the cosmological evolution of radiation particles is taken into account. In particular, given some specific dispersion relations, the big bounce solutions to the modified FRW equations can be derived. Notably, to obtain a well defined rainbow metric at the moment of the big bounce, we find it seems necessary to introduce a cosmological constant which depends on the energy of probes as well, implying that a universe with a positive cosmological constant more likely undergoes a big bounce at least at this phenomenological level.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Nov 2008 02:53:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2010 02:22:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-15
[ [ "Ling", "Yi", "" ], [ "Wu", "Qingzhang", "" ] ]
The usual Einstein's equations is modified as a one parameter family of equations in the framework of rainbow gravity. In this paper we derive the modified Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) equations when the cosmological evolution of radiation particles is taken into account. In particular, given some specific dispersion relations, the big bounce solutions to the modified FRW equations can be derived. Notably, to obtain a well defined rainbow metric at the moment of the big bounce, we find it seems necessary to introduce a cosmological constant which depends on the energy of probes as well, implying that a universe with a positive cosmological constant more likely undergoes a big bounce at least at this phenomenological level.
0905.2424
Yi Xie
Yi Xie (Nanjing University, China; University of Missouri-Columbia, USA), Sergei Kopeikin (University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Reference Frames, Gauge Transformations and Gravitomagnetism in the Post-Newtonian Theory of the Lunar Motion
5 pages, no figure, submitted to Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 261
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
We construct a set of reference frames for description of the orbital and rotational motion of the Moon. We use a scalar-tensor theory of gravity depending on two parameters of the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism and utilize the concepts of the relativistic resolutions on reference frames adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 2000. We assume that the solar system is isolated and space-time is asymptotically flat. The primary reference frame has the origin at the solar-system barycenter (SSB) and spatial axes are going to infinity. The SSB frame is not rotating with respect to distant quasars. The secondary reference frame has the origin at the Earth-Moon barycenter (EMB). The EMB frame is local with its spatial axes spreading out to the orbits of Venus and Mars and not rotating dynamically in the sense that both the Coriolis and centripetal forces acting on a free-falling test particle, moving with respect to the EMB frame, are excluded. Two other local frames, the geocentric (GRF) and the selenocentric (SRF) frames, have the origin at the center of mass of the Earth and Moon respectively. They are both introduced in order to connect the coordinate description of the lunar motion, observer on the Earth, and a retro-reflector on the Moon to the observable quantities which are the proper time and the laser-ranging distance. We solve the gravity field equations and find the metric tensor and the scalar field in all frames. We also derive the post-Newtonian coordinate transformations between the frames and analyze the residual gauge freedom of the solutions of the field equations. We discuss the gravitomagnetic effects in the barycentric equations of the motion of the Moon and argue that they are beyond the current accuracy of lunar laser ranging (LLR) observations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 May 2009 20:46:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Sep 2009 22:25:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Nov 2009 21:51:24 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-23
[ [ "Xie", "Yi", "", "Nanjing University, China; University of Missouri-Columbia,\n USA" ], [ "Kopeikin", "Sergei", "", "University of Missouri-Columbia, USA" ] ]
We construct a set of reference frames for description of the orbital and rotational motion of the Moon. We use a scalar-tensor theory of gravity depending on two parameters of the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism and utilize the concepts of the relativistic resolutions on reference frames adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 2000. We assume that the solar system is isolated and space-time is asymptotically flat. The primary reference frame has the origin at the solar-system barycenter (SSB) and spatial axes are going to infinity. The SSB frame is not rotating with respect to distant quasars. The secondary reference frame has the origin at the Earth-Moon barycenter (EMB). The EMB frame is local with its spatial axes spreading out to the orbits of Venus and Mars and not rotating dynamically in the sense that both the Coriolis and centripetal forces acting on a free-falling test particle, moving with respect to the EMB frame, are excluded. Two other local frames, the geocentric (GRF) and the selenocentric (SRF) frames, have the origin at the center of mass of the Earth and Moon respectively. They are both introduced in order to connect the coordinate description of the lunar motion, observer on the Earth, and a retro-reflector on the Moon to the observable quantities which are the proper time and the laser-ranging distance. We solve the gravity field equations and find the metric tensor and the scalar field in all frames. We also derive the post-Newtonian coordinate transformations between the frames and analyze the residual gauge freedom of the solutions of the field equations. We discuss the gravitomagnetic effects in the barycentric equations of the motion of the Moon and argue that they are beyond the current accuracy of lunar laser ranging (LLR) observations.
1506.01247
Varun Sahni
Varun Sahni, Yuri Shtanov, Aleksey Toporensky
Arrow of time in dissipationless cosmology
19 pages, 6 figures. Matches published version in Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 182001 (Fast Track Communication)
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 182001
10.1088/0264-9381/32/18/182001
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th physics.pop-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is generally believed that a cosmological arrow of time must be associated with entropy production. Indeed, in his seminal work on cyclic cosmology, Tolman introduced a viscous fluid in order to make successive expansion/contraction cycles larger than previous ones, thereby generating an arrow of time. However, as we demonstrate in this letter, the production of entropy is not the only means by which a cosmological arrow of time may emerge. Remarkably, systems which are dissipationless may nevertheless demonstrate a preferred direction of time provided they possess attractors. An example of a system with well defined attractors is scalar-field driven cosmology. In this case, for a wide class of potentials (especially those responsible for inflation), the attractor equation of state during expansion can have the form $p \simeq -\rho$, and during contraction $p \simeq \rho$. If the resulting cosmology is cyclic, then the presence of cosmological hysteresis, $\oint p~dV \neq 0$ during successive cycles, causes an arrow of time to emerge in a system which is formally dissipationless. An important analogy is drawn between the arrow of time in cyclic cosmology and an arrow of time in an $N$-body system of gravitationally interacting particles. We find that, like the $N$-body system, a cyclic universe can evolve from a single past into two futures with oppositely directed arrows of time.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Jun 2015 14:02:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Aug 2015 12:37:42 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Aug 2015 08:50:35 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-10-26
[ [ "Sahni", "Varun", "" ], [ "Shtanov", "Yuri", "" ], [ "Toporensky", "Aleksey", "" ] ]
It is generally believed that a cosmological arrow of time must be associated with entropy production. Indeed, in his seminal work on cyclic cosmology, Tolman introduced a viscous fluid in order to make successive expansion/contraction cycles larger than previous ones, thereby generating an arrow of time. However, as we demonstrate in this letter, the production of entropy is not the only means by which a cosmological arrow of time may emerge. Remarkably, systems which are dissipationless may nevertheless demonstrate a preferred direction of time provided they possess attractors. An example of a system with well defined attractors is scalar-field driven cosmology. In this case, for a wide class of potentials (especially those responsible for inflation), the attractor equation of state during expansion can have the form $p \simeq -\rho$, and during contraction $p \simeq \rho$. If the resulting cosmology is cyclic, then the presence of cosmological hysteresis, $\oint p~dV \neq 0$ during successive cycles, causes an arrow of time to emerge in a system which is formally dissipationless. An important analogy is drawn between the arrow of time in cyclic cosmology and an arrow of time in an $N$-body system of gravitationally interacting particles. We find that, like the $N$-body system, a cyclic universe can evolve from a single past into two futures with oppositely directed arrows of time.
2112.04609
Juan Manuel L\'opez-Vega
Pasquale Bosso and Juan Manuel L\'opez Vega
Minimal Length Phenomenology and the Black Body Radiation
15 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac821c
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) modifies the uncertainty relation between momentum and position giving room for a minimal length, as predicted by candidates theories of quantum gravity. Inspired by GUP, Planck's distribution is derived by considering a new quantization of the electromagnetic field. We elaborate on the thermodynamics of the black body radiation obtaining Wien's law and the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We show that such thermodynamics laws are modified at Planck-scale.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Dec 2021 22:36:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-24
[ [ "Bosso", "Pasquale", "" ], [ "Vega", "Juan Manuel López", "" ] ]
The generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) modifies the uncertainty relation between momentum and position giving room for a minimal length, as predicted by candidates theories of quantum gravity. Inspired by GUP, Planck's distribution is derived by considering a new quantization of the electromagnetic field. We elaborate on the thermodynamics of the black body radiation obtaining Wien's law and the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We show that such thermodynamics laws are modified at Planck-scale.
1405.7846
Hor\'acio Santana Vieira
H. S. Vieira, V. B. Bezerra and Andr\'e A. Costa
Scalar fields in the Lense-Thirring background with a cosmic string and Hawking radiation
6 pages
EPL 109 (2015) 60006
10.1209/0295-5075/109/60006
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the influence of the gravitational field produced by a slowly rotating black hole with a cosmic string along the axis of symmetry on a massive scalar field. Exact solutions of both angular and radial parts of the Klein-Gordon equation in this spacetime are obtained, and are given in terms of the confluent Heun functions. We emphasize the role of the presence of the cosmic string in these solutions. We also investigate the solutions in regions near and far from the event horizon. From the radial solution, we obtain the exact wave solutions near the exterior horizon of the black hole, and discuss the Hawking radiation of massive scalar particles.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 May 2014 13:04:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 11 Apr 2015 11:12:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-04-14
[ [ "Vieira", "H. S.", "" ], [ "Bezerra", "V. B.", "" ], [ "Costa", "André A.", "" ] ]
We analyze the influence of the gravitational field produced by a slowly rotating black hole with a cosmic string along the axis of symmetry on a massive scalar field. Exact solutions of both angular and radial parts of the Klein-Gordon equation in this spacetime are obtained, and are given in terms of the confluent Heun functions. We emphasize the role of the presence of the cosmic string in these solutions. We also investigate the solutions in regions near and far from the event horizon. From the radial solution, we obtain the exact wave solutions near the exterior horizon of the black hole, and discuss the Hawking radiation of massive scalar particles.
0901.3881
Hideo Kodama
Hideo Kodama
Repulsons in the 5D Myers-Perry Family
4 pages, 2 figures. A talk given at JGRG18 (Hiroshima U, Japan, 18-21 Nov. 2008)
null
null
KEK-Cosmo-22
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this talk, we point out that curvature-regular asymptotically flat solitons with negative mass are contained in the Myers-Perry family in five dimensions. These solitons do not have horizon, but instead a conical NUT singularity of quasi-regular nature surrounded by naked CTCs. We show that this quasi-regular singularity can be made regular for a set of discrete values of angular momentum by introducing some periodic identifications, at least in the case in which two angular momentum parameters are equal. Although the spatial infinity of the solitons is diffeomorphic to S^1xS^3/R_n (n>2), the corresponding spacetime is simply connected and asymptotically flat.
[ { "created": "Sun, 25 Jan 2009 08:44:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-01-27
[ [ "Kodama", "Hideo", "" ] ]
In this talk, we point out that curvature-regular asymptotically flat solitons with negative mass are contained in the Myers-Perry family in five dimensions. These solitons do not have horizon, but instead a conical NUT singularity of quasi-regular nature surrounded by naked CTCs. We show that this quasi-regular singularity can be made regular for a set of discrete values of angular momentum by introducing some periodic identifications, at least in the case in which two angular momentum parameters are equal. Although the spatial infinity of the solitons is diffeomorphic to S^1xS^3/R_n (n>2), the corresponding spacetime is simply connected and asymptotically flat.
1805.11009
Z. Yousaf
Wajiha Javed, Z. Yousaf, Zunaira Akhtar
Thermodynamics and Glassy Phase Transition of Regular Black Holes
26 pages, 11 figures
Mod. Phys. Lett. A 33, 1850089 (2018)
10.1142/S021773231850089X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The present paper is aimed to study thermodynamical properties of phase transition for regular charged black holes. In this context, we have considered two different forms of black hole metrics supplemented with exponential and logistic distribution functions and investigated the recent expansion of phase transition through grand canonical ensemble. After exploring the corresponding Ehrenfest's equation, we found the second order background of phase transition at critical points. In order to check the critical behavior of regular black holes, we have evaluated some corresponding explicit relations for the critical temperature, pressure and volume and draw certain graphs with constant values of Smarr's mass. We found that for the BH metric with exponential configuration function, the phase transition curves are divergent near the critical points, while glassy phase transition has been observed for the Ay\'{o}n-Beato-Garc\'{i}a-Bronnikov BH in $n=5$ dimensions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 May 2018 09:03:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 29 May 2018 12:39:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-30
[ [ "Javed", "Wajiha", "" ], [ "Yousaf", "Z.", "" ], [ "Akhtar", "Zunaira", "" ] ]
The present paper is aimed to study thermodynamical properties of phase transition for regular charged black holes. In this context, we have considered two different forms of black hole metrics supplemented with exponential and logistic distribution functions and investigated the recent expansion of phase transition through grand canonical ensemble. After exploring the corresponding Ehrenfest's equation, we found the second order background of phase transition at critical points. In order to check the critical behavior of regular black holes, we have evaluated some corresponding explicit relations for the critical temperature, pressure and volume and draw certain graphs with constant values of Smarr's mass. We found that for the BH metric with exponential configuration function, the phase transition curves are divergent near the critical points, while glassy phase transition has been observed for the Ay\'{o}n-Beato-Garc\'{i}a-Bronnikov BH in $n=5$ dimensions.
2406.02109
Bekir Can L\"utf\"uo\u{g}lu
B. Hamil and B. C. L\"utf\"uo\u{g}lu
Euler-Heisenberg black hole surrounded by quintessence in the background of perfect fluid dark matter: Thermodynamics, Shadows and Quasinormal modes
23 Figures, 8 Tables, and 25 Pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Current observations show that a significant fraction of the Universe is composed of dark energy and dark matter. In this paper, we investigate the simultaneous effects of these dark sectors on the Euler-Heisenberg black hole, using the quintessence matter field and perfect fluid to model them. In particular, we study the black hole's thermodynamics, shadows, and quasinormal modes, and discuss in detail how these properties change with relatively large or small dark sector components.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Jun 2024 08:36:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-05
[ [ "Hamil", "B.", "" ], [ "Lütfüoğlu", "B. C.", "" ] ]
Current observations show that a significant fraction of the Universe is composed of dark energy and dark matter. In this paper, we investigate the simultaneous effects of these dark sectors on the Euler-Heisenberg black hole, using the quintessence matter field and perfect fluid to model them. In particular, we study the black hole's thermodynamics, shadows, and quasinormal modes, and discuss in detail how these properties change with relatively large or small dark sector components.
1512.07152
Saravanan Satish Kumar
S. Satish Kumar
Motion of a spinning particle in curved space-time
6 pages, to be published in the Proceedings of the Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting - MG14 (World Scientific)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The motion of spinning test-masses in curved space-time is described with a covariant hamiltonian formalism. A large class of hamiltonians can be used with the model- independent Poisson-Dirac brackets, to obtain equations of motion. Here we apply it to the minimal hamiltonian and also to a non-minimal hamiltonian, describing the gravi- tational Stern-Gerlach force. And a note on ISCO has been added.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Dec 2015 16:43:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-12-23
[ [ "Kumar", "S. Satish", "" ] ]
The motion of spinning test-masses in curved space-time is described with a covariant hamiltonian formalism. A large class of hamiltonians can be used with the model- independent Poisson-Dirac brackets, to obtain equations of motion. Here we apply it to the minimal hamiltonian and also to a non-minimal hamiltonian, describing the gravi- tational Stern-Gerlach force. And a note on ISCO has been added.
1204.5466
Cenalo Vaz
Cenalo Vaz and Kinjalk Lochan
Tunneling during Quantum Collapse in AdS Spacetime
14 pages. No figures. Title changed to published version
Phys. Rev. D 87, 024045 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.024045
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend previous results on the reflection and transmission of self-gravitating dust shells across the apparent horizon during quantum dust collapse to non-marginally-bound dust collapse in arbitrary dimensions with a negative cosmological constant. We show that the Hawking temperature is independent of the energy function and that the wave functional describing the collapse is well behaved at the Hawking-Page transition point. Thermal radiation from the apparent horizon appears as a generic result of non-marginal collapse in AdS space-time owing to the singular structure of the Hamiltonian constraint at the apparent horizon.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Apr 2012 19:33:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Jan 2013 18:35:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-01-31
[ [ "Vaz", "Cenalo", "" ], [ "Lochan", "Kinjalk", "" ] ]
We extend previous results on the reflection and transmission of self-gravitating dust shells across the apparent horizon during quantum dust collapse to non-marginally-bound dust collapse in arbitrary dimensions with a negative cosmological constant. We show that the Hawking temperature is independent of the energy function and that the wave functional describing the collapse is well behaved at the Hawking-Page transition point. Thermal radiation from the apparent horizon appears as a generic result of non-marginal collapse in AdS space-time owing to the singular structure of the Hamiltonian constraint at the apparent horizon.
1703.02058
Christian Pfeifer
Leonardo Barcaroli, Lukas K. Brunkhorst, Giulia Gubitosi, Niccol\'o Loret, Christian Pfeifer
Curved spacetimes with local $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation
28 pages, updated to accepted journal version, appendix on kappa-Poincare electrodynamics added
Phys. Rev. D 96, 084010 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.084010
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use our previously developed identification of dispersion relations with Hamilton functions on phase space to locally implement the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation in the momentum spaces at each point of a generic curved spacetime. We use this general construction to build the most general Hamiltonian compatible with spherical symmetry and the Plank-scale-deformed one such that in the local frame it reproduces the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation. Specializing to Planck-scale-deformed Schwarzschild geometry, we find that the photon sphere around a black hole becomes a thick shell since photons of different energy will orbit the black hole on circular orbits at different altitudes. We also compute the redshift of a photon between different observers at rest, finding that there is a Planck-scale correction to the usual redshift only if the observers detecting the photon have different masses.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Mar 2017 19:01:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Oct 2017 05:50:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-10-10
[ [ "Barcaroli", "Leonardo", "" ], [ "Brunkhorst", "Lukas K.", "" ], [ "Gubitosi", "Giulia", "" ], [ "Loret", "Niccoló", "" ], [ "Pfeifer", "Christian", "" ] ]
We use our previously developed identification of dispersion relations with Hamilton functions on phase space to locally implement the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation in the momentum spaces at each point of a generic curved spacetime. We use this general construction to build the most general Hamiltonian compatible with spherical symmetry and the Plank-scale-deformed one such that in the local frame it reproduces the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation. Specializing to Planck-scale-deformed Schwarzschild geometry, we find that the photon sphere around a black hole becomes a thick shell since photons of different energy will orbit the black hole on circular orbits at different altitudes. We also compute the redshift of a photon between different observers at rest, finding that there is a Planck-scale correction to the usual redshift only if the observers detecting the photon have different masses.
2405.05011
Xiangyu Wang
Xiangyu Wang, Xiaobao Wang, Hai-Qing Zhang, Minyong Guo
Is a photon ring invariably a closed structure?
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this study, we investigate the image of a rotating compact object (CO) illuminated by a geometrically thin, optically thin disk on the equatorial plane. As the radius of the CO's surface fluctuates, the CO may partially or entirely obscure the photon region. We observe that the perceived photon ring may exhibit discontinuities, deviating from a closed structure, and may even disappear entirely. We find that the disruption and disappearance of the photon ring are dependent on the observational angle$-$a novel phenomenon not previously observed in black hole imaging studies. Our study reveals that while the factors influencing this unique photon ring phenomenon are diverse and the outcomes complex, we can provide a clear and comprehensive explanation of the physical essence and variation trends of this phenomenon. We do this by introducing and analyzing the properties and interrelationships of three characteristic functions, $\tilde{\eta}$, $\eta_o$, and $\eta_s$ related to the photon impact parameters. Additionally, our analysis of the intensity cuts and inner shadows of the images uncovers patterns that differ significantly from the shadow curve.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 May 2024 12:25:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-09
[ [ "Wang", "Xiangyu", "" ], [ "Wang", "Xiaobao", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Hai-Qing", "" ], [ "Guo", "Minyong", "" ] ]
In this study, we investigate the image of a rotating compact object (CO) illuminated by a geometrically thin, optically thin disk on the equatorial plane. As the radius of the CO's surface fluctuates, the CO may partially or entirely obscure the photon region. We observe that the perceived photon ring may exhibit discontinuities, deviating from a closed structure, and may even disappear entirely. We find that the disruption and disappearance of the photon ring are dependent on the observational angle$-$a novel phenomenon not previously observed in black hole imaging studies. Our study reveals that while the factors influencing this unique photon ring phenomenon are diverse and the outcomes complex, we can provide a clear and comprehensive explanation of the physical essence and variation trends of this phenomenon. We do this by introducing and analyzing the properties and interrelationships of three characteristic functions, $\tilde{\eta}$, $\eta_o$, and $\eta_s$ related to the photon impact parameters. Additionally, our analysis of the intensity cuts and inner shadows of the images uncovers patterns that differ significantly from the shadow curve.
1702.07166
Krishnakanta Bhattacharya
Krishnakanta Bhattacharya, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Fresh look at the scalar-tensor theory of gravity in Jordan and Einstein frames from undiscussed standpoints
Typos corrected, published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D95 (2017) 064026
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.064026
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the scalar-tensor theory of gravity profoundly in the action level as well as in the thermodynamic level. Contrary to the usual description in the literature about the equivalence in the two conformally connected frames, this paper addresses several incomplete inferences regarding it and mentions some inequivalences which were not pointed out earlier. In the thermodynamic level, our analysis shows the two frames are equivalent. In that process, we identify the entropy, the energy and the temperature for the thermodynamic description, and we find these quantities are conformally invariant even without any prior assumption. The same conclusion is reached from the gravitational action as well as from the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term, establishing the result in a more convincing manner.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Feb 2017 10:49:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 17 Mar 2017 11:04:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-05-19
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Krishnakanta", "" ], [ "Majhi", "Bibhas Ranjan", "" ] ]
We study the scalar-tensor theory of gravity profoundly in the action level as well as in the thermodynamic level. Contrary to the usual description in the literature about the equivalence in the two conformally connected frames, this paper addresses several incomplete inferences regarding it and mentions some inequivalences which were not pointed out earlier. In the thermodynamic level, our analysis shows the two frames are equivalent. In that process, we identify the entropy, the energy and the temperature for the thermodynamic description, and we find these quantities are conformally invariant even without any prior assumption. The same conclusion is reached from the gravitational action as well as from the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term, establishing the result in a more convincing manner.
2406.05851
C\'edric Jockel
C\'edric Jockel and Leon Menger
The Effect of Torsion on Neutron Star Structure in Einstein-Cartan Gravity
19 pages, 4 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Einstein--Cartan gravity is a close historical sibling of general relativity that allows for spacetime torsion. As a result, angular momentum couples to spacetime geometry in a similar way to energy. While consequences of this are well studied on cosmological scales, their role in neutron star physics is largely under-explored. We study the effects that torsion, sourced by either microphysical spin or macroscopic angular momentum, has on neutron stars. For this, we use a simplified polytropic model to quantify the microphysical coupling to torsion. We also derive expressions to model rotation-induced torsion effects and estimate the consequences for rotating neutron stars with different rotation rates. We find that the presence of torsion in general leads to neutron stars with smaller radii and masses, but higher central densities. Realistic models for microphysical spin lead to torsion effects that have no relevant influence on the neutron star structure. Rotation-induced torsion effects however, can decrease the radius by up to $900\,m$, which is comparable to the increase due to centrifugal forces. Depending on which effect dominates, this leads to a torsion-induced spin-up or spin-down of the neutron star. We conclude that torsion effects due to rotation can not be neglected and are large enough to be tested using current or near-future technology.
[ { "created": "Sun, 9 Jun 2024 16:49:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-11
[ [ "Jockel", "Cédric", "" ], [ "Menger", "Leon", "" ] ]
Einstein--Cartan gravity is a close historical sibling of general relativity that allows for spacetime torsion. As a result, angular momentum couples to spacetime geometry in a similar way to energy. While consequences of this are well studied on cosmological scales, their role in neutron star physics is largely under-explored. We study the effects that torsion, sourced by either microphysical spin or macroscopic angular momentum, has on neutron stars. For this, we use a simplified polytropic model to quantify the microphysical coupling to torsion. We also derive expressions to model rotation-induced torsion effects and estimate the consequences for rotating neutron stars with different rotation rates. We find that the presence of torsion in general leads to neutron stars with smaller radii and masses, but higher central densities. Realistic models for microphysical spin lead to torsion effects that have no relevant influence on the neutron star structure. Rotation-induced torsion effects however, can decrease the radius by up to $900\,m$, which is comparable to the increase due to centrifugal forces. Depending on which effect dominates, this leads to a torsion-induced spin-up or spin-down of the neutron star. We conclude that torsion effects due to rotation can not be neglected and are large enough to be tested using current or near-future technology.
0901.4465
Pac\^ome Delva Dr.
P. Delva and M.-C. Angonin
Extended Fermi coordinates
16 pages, 1 figure
null
10.1007/s10714-011-1272-9
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend the notion of Fermi coordinates to a generalized definition in which the highest orders are described by arbitrary functions. From this definition rises a formalism that naturally gives coordinate transformation formulae. Some examples are developped in which the extended Fermi coordinates simplify the metric components.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Jan 2009 14:11:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Jul 2010 10:53:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Delva", "P.", "" ], [ "Angonin", "M. -C.", "" ] ]
We extend the notion of Fermi coordinates to a generalized definition in which the highest orders are described by arbitrary functions. From this definition rises a formalism that naturally gives coordinate transformation formulae. Some examples are developped in which the extended Fermi coordinates simplify the metric components.
2110.15951
Raghvendra Singh
Raghvendra Singh and Dawood Kothawala
Covariant formulation of Generalised Uncertainty Principle
6 pages, 3 figures, published as a Letter in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 105, L101501 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.L101501
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present a formulation of the generalised uncertainty principle based on commutator $\left[ {\hat x}^i, {\hat p}_j \right]$ between position and momentum operators defined in a covariant manner using normal coordinates. We show how any such commutator can acquire corrections if the momentum space is curved. The correction is completely determined by the extrinsic curvature of the surface $p^2=$ constant in the momentum space, and results in non-commutativity of normal position coordinates $\left[ {\hat x}^i, {\hat x}^j \right] \neq 0$. We then provide a construction for the momentum space geometry as a suitable four dimensional extension of a geometry conformal to the three dimensional relativistic velocity space - the Lobachevsky space - whose curvature is determined by the dispersion relation $F(p^2)=-m^2$, with $F(x)=x$ yielding the standard Heisenberg algebra.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Oct 2021 17:55:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 21 Nov 2021 13:10:09 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2022 15:45:21 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-05-19
[ [ "Singh", "Raghvendra", "" ], [ "Kothawala", "Dawood", "" ] ]
We present a formulation of the generalised uncertainty principle based on commutator $\left[ {\hat x}^i, {\hat p}_j \right]$ between position and momentum operators defined in a covariant manner using normal coordinates. We show how any such commutator can acquire corrections if the momentum space is curved. The correction is completely determined by the extrinsic curvature of the surface $p^2=$ constant in the momentum space, and results in non-commutativity of normal position coordinates $\left[ {\hat x}^i, {\hat x}^j \right] \neq 0$. We then provide a construction for the momentum space geometry as a suitable four dimensional extension of a geometry conformal to the three dimensional relativistic velocity space - the Lobachevsky space - whose curvature is determined by the dispersion relation $F(p^2)=-m^2$, with $F(x)=x$ yielding the standard Heisenberg algebra.
2010.08181
Raul Jimenez
Ali Rida Khalifeh, Raul Jimenez
Spinors and Scalars in curved spacetime: neutrino dark energy (DE$_{\nu}$)
Matches version accepted by the Journal (Physics of the Dark Universe)
Physics of the Dark Universe. 31, 100777, 2021
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the interaction, in general curved spacetime, between a spinor and a scalar field describing dark energy; the so-called DE$_{\nu}$ model in curved space. The dominant term is the dimension 5 operator, which results in different energy shifts for the neutrino states: an Aharonov-Bohm-like effect. We study the phenomenology of this term and make observational predictions to detect dark energy interactions in the laboratory due to its effect on neutrino oscillation experiments, which opens up the possibility of designing underground experiments to detect dark energy. This dimension 5 operator beyond the Standard Model interaction is less suppressed than the widely discussed dimension 6 operator, which corresponds to mass varying neutrinos; the dimension 5 operator does not suffer from gravitational instabilities.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Oct 2020 06:03:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Jan 2021 11:28:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-01-24
[ [ "Khalifeh", "Ali Rida", "" ], [ "Jimenez", "Raul", "" ] ]
We study the interaction, in general curved spacetime, between a spinor and a scalar field describing dark energy; the so-called DE$_{\nu}$ model in curved space. The dominant term is the dimension 5 operator, which results in different energy shifts for the neutrino states: an Aharonov-Bohm-like effect. We study the phenomenology of this term and make observational predictions to detect dark energy interactions in the laboratory due to its effect on neutrino oscillation experiments, which opens up the possibility of designing underground experiments to detect dark energy. This dimension 5 operator beyond the Standard Model interaction is less suppressed than the widely discussed dimension 6 operator, which corresponds to mass varying neutrinos; the dimension 5 operator does not suffer from gravitational instabilities.
1910.05630
Elena Giorgi
Elena Giorgi
The linear stability of Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetime: the full subextremal range
45 pages, 1 figure, version accepted for publication
Commun. Math. Phys. 380, 1313-1360 (2020)
10.1007/s00220-020-03893-z
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove the linear stability of subextremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetimes as solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell equation. We make use of a novel representation of gauge-invariant quantities which satisfy a symmetric system of coupled wave equations. This system is composed of two of the three equations separately derived in previous works, where the estimates required arbitrary smallness of the charge. Here, the estimates are obtained by defining a combined energy-momentum tensor for the system in terms of the symmetric structure of the right hand sides of the equations. We obtain boundedness of the energy, Morawetz estimates and decay for the full subextremal range |Q|<M, completely in physical space. Such decay estimates, together with the estimates for the gauge-dependent quantities of the perturbations previously obtained, settle the problem of linear stability to gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations of Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution in the full subextremal range |Q|< M.
[ { "created": "Sat, 12 Oct 2019 19:09:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Nov 2021 17:04:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-11-29
[ [ "Giorgi", "Elena", "" ] ]
We prove the linear stability of subextremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetimes as solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell equation. We make use of a novel representation of gauge-invariant quantities which satisfy a symmetric system of coupled wave equations. This system is composed of two of the three equations separately derived in previous works, where the estimates required arbitrary smallness of the charge. Here, the estimates are obtained by defining a combined energy-momentum tensor for the system in terms of the symmetric structure of the right hand sides of the equations. We obtain boundedness of the energy, Morawetz estimates and decay for the full subextremal range |Q|<M, completely in physical space. Such decay estimates, together with the estimates for the gauge-dependent quantities of the perturbations previously obtained, settle the problem of linear stability to gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations of Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution in the full subextremal range |Q|< M.
1408.5897
Florian Kuhnel
Florian Kuhnel
Thoughts on the Vacuum Energy in the Quantum N-Portrait
7 pages; revised version to match published version
Mod.Phys.Lett. A30 (2015) 36, 1550197
10.1142/S0217732315501977
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An application of the quantum N-portrait to the Universe is discussed, wherein the space-time geometry is understood as a Bose-Einstein condensate of N soft gravitons. If near or at the critical point of a quantum phase transition, indications are found that the vacuum energy is partly suppressed by 1/N, as being due to quanta not in the condensate state. Time evolution decreases this suppression, which might have implications for cosmic expansion.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Aug 2014 20:00:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 Aug 2015 12:06:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Oct 2015 06:47:02 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-10-22
[ [ "Kuhnel", "Florian", "" ] ]
An application of the quantum N-portrait to the Universe is discussed, wherein the space-time geometry is understood as a Bose-Einstein condensate of N soft gravitons. If near or at the critical point of a quantum phase transition, indications are found that the vacuum energy is partly suppressed by 1/N, as being due to quanta not in the condensate state. Time evolution decreases this suppression, which might have implications for cosmic expansion.
gr-qc/0307083
Martin Bojowald
Martin Bojowald and Ghanashyam Date
Consistency Conditions for Fundamentally Discrete Theories
33 pages
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 121-143
10.1088/0264-9381/21/1/009
IMSc/2003/07/17
gr-qc hep-th
null
The dynamics of physical theories is usually described by differential equations. Difference equations then appear mainly as an approximation which can be used for a numerical analysis. As such, they have to fulfill certain conditions to ensure that the numerical solutions can reliably be used as approximations to solutions of the differential equation. There are, however, also systems where a difference equation is deemed to be fundamental, mainly in the context of quantum gravity. Since difference equations in general are harder to solve analytically than differential equations, it can be helpful to introduce an approximating differential equation as a continuum approximation. In this paper implications of this change in view point are analyzed to derive the conditions that the difference equation should satisfy. The difference equation in such a situation cannot be chosen freely but must be derived from a fundamental theory. Thus, the conditions for a discrete formulation can be translated into conditions for acceptable quantizations. In the main example, loop quantum cosmology, we show that the conditions are restrictive and serve as a selection criterion among possible quantization choices.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Jul 2003 15:43:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Bojowald", "Martin", "" ], [ "Date", "Ghanashyam", "" ] ]
The dynamics of physical theories is usually described by differential equations. Difference equations then appear mainly as an approximation which can be used for a numerical analysis. As such, they have to fulfill certain conditions to ensure that the numerical solutions can reliably be used as approximations to solutions of the differential equation. There are, however, also systems where a difference equation is deemed to be fundamental, mainly in the context of quantum gravity. Since difference equations in general are harder to solve analytically than differential equations, it can be helpful to introduce an approximating differential equation as a continuum approximation. In this paper implications of this change in view point are analyzed to derive the conditions that the difference equation should satisfy. The difference equation in such a situation cannot be chosen freely but must be derived from a fundamental theory. Thus, the conditions for a discrete formulation can be translated into conditions for acceptable quantizations. In the main example, loop quantum cosmology, we show that the conditions are restrictive and serve as a selection criterion among possible quantization choices.
gr-qc/0608118
Gregory J. Galloway
Gregory J. Galloway
Rigidity of marginally trapped surfaces and the topology of black holes
11 pages, latex2e; v4: minor corrections, references updated in preparation for publication; to appear in Commun. Anal. Geom
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
null
In a recent paper (gr-qc/0509107) the author and Rick Schoen obtained a generalization to higher dimensions of a classical result of Hawking concerning the topology of black holes. It was proved that, apart from certain exceptional circumstances, cross sections of the event horizon, in the stationary case, and 'weakly outermost' marginally outer trapped surfaces, in the general case, in black hole spacetimes obeying the dominant energy condition, are of positive Yamabe type. This implies many well-known restrictions on the topology, and is consistent with recent examples of five dimensional stationary black hole spacetimes with horizon topology $S^2 \times S^1$. In the present paper, we rule out for 'outermost' marginally outer trapped surfaces, in particular, for cross sections of the event horizon in stationary black hole spacetimes, the possibility of any such exceptional circumstances (which might have permitted, e.g., toroidal cross sections). This follows from the main result, which is a rigidity result for marginally outer trapped surfaces that are not of positive Yamabe type.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Aug 2006 18:01:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Mar 2007 12:27:55 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 15 Sep 2007 14:20:00 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Jan 2008 16:05:34 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2008-01-14
[ [ "Galloway", "Gregory J.", "" ] ]
In a recent paper (gr-qc/0509107) the author and Rick Schoen obtained a generalization to higher dimensions of a classical result of Hawking concerning the topology of black holes. It was proved that, apart from certain exceptional circumstances, cross sections of the event horizon, in the stationary case, and 'weakly outermost' marginally outer trapped surfaces, in the general case, in black hole spacetimes obeying the dominant energy condition, are of positive Yamabe type. This implies many well-known restrictions on the topology, and is consistent with recent examples of five dimensional stationary black hole spacetimes with horizon topology $S^2 \times S^1$. In the present paper, we rule out for 'outermost' marginally outer trapped surfaces, in particular, for cross sections of the event horizon in stationary black hole spacetimes, the possibility of any such exceptional circumstances (which might have permitted, e.g., toroidal cross sections). This follows from the main result, which is a rigidity result for marginally outer trapped surfaces that are not of positive Yamabe type.
1601.05086
Carlos O. Lousto
Carlos O. Lousto and James Healy
Unstable flip-flopping spinning binary black holes
5 pages, 3 figures
Phys. Rev. D 93, 124074 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.124074
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA astro-ph.SR hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We give a unified description of the flip-flop effect in spinning binary black holes and the anti-alignment instability in terms of real and imaginary flip-flop frequencies. We find that this instability is only effective for mass ratios $0.5<q<1$. We provide analytic expressions that determine the region of parameter space for which the instability occurs in terms of maps of the mass ratio and spin magnitudes $(q,\alpha_1,\alpha_2)$. This restricts the priors of parameter estimation techniques for the observation of gravitational waves from binary black holes and it is relevant for astrophysical modeling and final recoil computations of such binary systems.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Jan 2016 21:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-07-06
[ [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ], [ "Healy", "James", "" ] ]
We give a unified description of the flip-flop effect in spinning binary black holes and the anti-alignment instability in terms of real and imaginary flip-flop frequencies. We find that this instability is only effective for mass ratios $0.5<q<1$. We provide analytic expressions that determine the region of parameter space for which the instability occurs in terms of maps of the mass ratio and spin magnitudes $(q,\alpha_1,\alpha_2)$. This restricts the priors of parameter estimation techniques for the observation of gravitational waves from binary black holes and it is relevant for astrophysical modeling and final recoil computations of such binary systems.
1503.03934
Tomohiro Harada
Tomohiro Harada, Chul-Moon Yoo, Tomohiro Nakama and Yasutaka Koga
Cosmological long-wavelength solutions and primordial black hole formation
33 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 91, 084057 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.084057
RUP-15-5, RESCEU-4/15
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct cosmological long-wavelength solutions without symmetry in general gauge conditions compatible with the long-wavelength scheme. We then specify the relationship among the solutions in different time slicings. Applying this general framework to spherical symmetry, we derive the correspondence relation between long-wavelength solutions in the constant mean curvature slicing with conformally flat spatial coordinates and asymptotic quasihomogeneous solutions in the comoving gauge and compare the numerical results of PBH formation in these two different approaches. To discuss the PBH formation, it is convenient and conventional to use $\tilde{\delta}_{c}$, the value which the averaged density perturbation at threshold in the comoving slicing would take at horizon entry in the lowest-order long-wavelength expansion. We numerically find that within compensated models, the sharper the transition from the overdense region to the FRW universe is, the larger the $\tilde{\delta}_{c}$ becomes. We suggest that, for the equation of state $p=(\Gamma-1)\rho$, we can apply the analytic formulas for the minimum $\tilde{\delta}_{c, {\rm min}}\simeq [3\Gamma/(3\Gamma+2)]\sin^{2}\left[\pi\sqrt{\Gamma-1}/(3\Gamma-2)\right]$ and the maximum $\tilde{\delta}_{c, {\rm max}}\simeq 3\Gamma/(3\Gamma+2)$. As for the threshold peak value of the curvature variable $\psi_{0,c}$, we find that the sharper the transition is, the smaller the $\psi_{0,c}$ becomes. We analytically explain this feature. Using simplified models, we also analytically deduce an environmental effect that $\psi_{0,c}$ can be significantly larger (smaller) if the underlying density perturbation of much longer wavelength is positive (negative).
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Mar 2015 02:22:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 May 2015 12:24:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-01-25
[ [ "Harada", "Tomohiro", "" ], [ "Yoo", "Chul-Moon", "" ], [ "Nakama", "Tomohiro", "" ], [ "Koga", "Yasutaka", "" ] ]
We construct cosmological long-wavelength solutions without symmetry in general gauge conditions compatible with the long-wavelength scheme. We then specify the relationship among the solutions in different time slicings. Applying this general framework to spherical symmetry, we derive the correspondence relation between long-wavelength solutions in the constant mean curvature slicing with conformally flat spatial coordinates and asymptotic quasihomogeneous solutions in the comoving gauge and compare the numerical results of PBH formation in these two different approaches. To discuss the PBH formation, it is convenient and conventional to use $\tilde{\delta}_{c}$, the value which the averaged density perturbation at threshold in the comoving slicing would take at horizon entry in the lowest-order long-wavelength expansion. We numerically find that within compensated models, the sharper the transition from the overdense region to the FRW universe is, the larger the $\tilde{\delta}_{c}$ becomes. We suggest that, for the equation of state $p=(\Gamma-1)\rho$, we can apply the analytic formulas for the minimum $\tilde{\delta}_{c, {\rm min}}\simeq [3\Gamma/(3\Gamma+2)]\sin^{2}\left[\pi\sqrt{\Gamma-1}/(3\Gamma-2)\right]$ and the maximum $\tilde{\delta}_{c, {\rm max}}\simeq 3\Gamma/(3\Gamma+2)$. As for the threshold peak value of the curvature variable $\psi_{0,c}$, we find that the sharper the transition is, the smaller the $\psi_{0,c}$ becomes. We analytically explain this feature. Using simplified models, we also analytically deduce an environmental effect that $\psi_{0,c}$ can be significantly larger (smaller) if the underlying density perturbation of much longer wavelength is positive (negative).
2112.00296
Ujjal Debnath
Ujjal Debnath
Roles of Modified Chaplygin-Jacobi and Chaplygin-Abel Gases in FRW Universe
20 pages, 17 figures, Accepted in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
null
10.1142/S0217751X21502456
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We have considered flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) model of the universe and reviewed the modified Chaplygin gas as the fluid source. Associated with the scalar field model, we have determined the Hubble parameter as a generating function in terms of the scalar field. Instead of hyperbolic function, we have taken Jacobi elliptic function and Abel function in the generating function and obtained modified Chaplygin-Jacobi gas (MCJG) and modified Chaplygin-Abel gas (MCAG) equation of states, respectively. Next, we have assumed that the universe filled in dark matter, radiation, and dark energy. The sources of dark energy candidates are assumed as MCJG and MCAG. We have constrained the model parameters by recent observational data analysis. Using $\chi^{2}$ minimum test (maximum likelihood estimation), we have determined the best fit values of the model parameters by OHD+CMB+BAO+SNIa joint data analysis. To examine the viability of the MCJG and MCAG models, we have determined the values of the deviations of information criteria like $\triangle$AIC, $\triangle$BIC and $\triangle$DIC. The evolutions of cosmological and cosmographical parameters (like equation of state, deceleration, jerk, snap, lerk, statefinder, Om diagnostic) have been studied for our best fit values of model parameters. To check the classical stability of the models, we have examined the values of square speed of sound $v_{s}^{2}$ in the interval $(0,1)$ for expansion of the universe.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Dec 2021 06:12:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-02
[ [ "Debnath", "Ujjal", "" ] ]
We have considered flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) model of the universe and reviewed the modified Chaplygin gas as the fluid source. Associated with the scalar field model, we have determined the Hubble parameter as a generating function in terms of the scalar field. Instead of hyperbolic function, we have taken Jacobi elliptic function and Abel function in the generating function and obtained modified Chaplygin-Jacobi gas (MCJG) and modified Chaplygin-Abel gas (MCAG) equation of states, respectively. Next, we have assumed that the universe filled in dark matter, radiation, and dark energy. The sources of dark energy candidates are assumed as MCJG and MCAG. We have constrained the model parameters by recent observational data analysis. Using $\chi^{2}$ minimum test (maximum likelihood estimation), we have determined the best fit values of the model parameters by OHD+CMB+BAO+SNIa joint data analysis. To examine the viability of the MCJG and MCAG models, we have determined the values of the deviations of information criteria like $\triangle$AIC, $\triangle$BIC and $\triangle$DIC. The evolutions of cosmological and cosmographical parameters (like equation of state, deceleration, jerk, snap, lerk, statefinder, Om diagnostic) have been studied for our best fit values of model parameters. To check the classical stability of the models, we have examined the values of square speed of sound $v_{s}^{2}$ in the interval $(0,1)$ for expansion of the universe.
1004.0091
Roland Triay
Roland Triay (CPT)
Dark Energy: fiction or reality?
9 pages, Invited talk at Tenth International Symposium Frontiers of Fundamental and Computational Physics (FFP10) Perth, Western Australia, November 24-26, 2009
AIP Conf.Proc.1246:105-113,2010
10.1063/1.3460185
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Is Dark Energy justified as an alternative to the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in order to explain the acceleration of the cosmic expansion ? It turns out that a straightforward dimensional analysis of Einstein equation provides us with clear evidences that the geometrical nature of $\Lambda$ is the only viable source to this phenomenon, in addition of the application of Ockham's razor principle. This contribution is primarily a review of the main stream in the interpretation of $\Lambda$ because it is at the origin of such a research program.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2010 09:23:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-20
[ [ "Triay", "Roland", "", "CPT" ] ]
Is Dark Energy justified as an alternative to the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in order to explain the acceleration of the cosmic expansion ? It turns out that a straightforward dimensional analysis of Einstein equation provides us with clear evidences that the geometrical nature of $\Lambda$ is the only viable source to this phenomenon, in addition of the application of Ockham's razor principle. This contribution is primarily a review of the main stream in the interpretation of $\Lambda$ because it is at the origin of such a research program.
1410.3109
Alessandro Fabbri
G. Clement and A. Fabbri
An alternative scenario for critical scalar field collapse in $AdS_3$
6 pages; Invited talk at ICHEP2014, Valencia July 2014, Parallel Session `Formal Theory Developments'
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the context of gravitational collapse and black hole formation, we reconsider the problem to describe analytically the critical collapse of a massless and minimally coupled scalar field in $2+1$ gravity.
[ { "created": "Sun, 12 Oct 2014 16:04:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-10-14
[ [ "Clement", "G.", "" ], [ "Fabbri", "A.", "" ] ]
In the context of gravitational collapse and black hole formation, we reconsider the problem to describe analytically the critical collapse of a massless and minimally coupled scalar field in $2+1$ gravity.
0708.3563
Hrvoje Nikolic
H. Nikolic
Renormalization of vacuum energy in linearized quantum gravity
5 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In linearized quantum gravity, a shift of the average energy-momentum can be compensated by a shift of the average gravitational field. This allows a renormalization scheme that naturally removes the contribution of quantum vacuum fluctuations to the cosmological constant, solving the old cosmological-constant problem for weak gravitational fields.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Aug 2007 09:40:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-08-28
[ [ "Nikolic", "H.", "" ] ]
In linearized quantum gravity, a shift of the average energy-momentum can be compensated by a shift of the average gravitational field. This allows a renormalization scheme that naturally removes the contribution of quantum vacuum fluctuations to the cosmological constant, solving the old cosmological-constant problem for weak gravitational fields.
1903.05982
Matteo Breschi
Matteo Breschi, Richard O'Shaughnessy, Jacob Lange and Ofek Birnholtz
Inspiral-Merger-Ringdown Consistency Tests with Higher Modes on Gravitational Signals from the Second Observing Run of LIGO and Virgo
null
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ab5629
LIGO-P1800365
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Current tests of General Relativity are performed using approximations which neglect a key feature of complete solution of Einstein's theory: higher-order modes. Our analysis will reassess these tests, including these higher-order mode effects. We have chosen to perform inspiral-merger-ringdown consistency tests on the gravitational transients detected by LIGO and Virgo during the observing run O2. We use an approximant which includes all higher modes with $\ell \le 4$ (NRSur7dq2) and then, for the most interesting cases, we repeat the tests involving fits on Numerical Relativity simulations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Mar 2019 13:27:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-01-08
[ [ "Breschi", "Matteo", "" ], [ "O'Shaughnessy", "Richard", "" ], [ "Lange", "Jacob", "" ], [ "Birnholtz", "Ofek", "" ] ]
Current tests of General Relativity are performed using approximations which neglect a key feature of complete solution of Einstein's theory: higher-order modes. Our analysis will reassess these tests, including these higher-order mode effects. We have chosen to perform inspiral-merger-ringdown consistency tests on the gravitational transients detected by LIGO and Virgo during the observing run O2. We use an approximant which includes all higher modes with $\ell \le 4$ (NRSur7dq2) and then, for the most interesting cases, we repeat the tests involving fits on Numerical Relativity simulations.
2007.16186
Tucker Manton
Damien A. Easson, Cynthia Keeler, Tucker Manton
The classical double copy of non-singular black holes
42 pages, 15 figures. References added, matches version accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 102, 086015 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.086015
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We apply the classical double copy procedure to a class of regular, non-singular black hole solutions. We give several examples, paying particular attention to a string-theory-corrected black hole solution emerging from T-duality. Non-perturbative stringy corrections introduce an ultraviolet (UV) zero-point length cutoff which results in non-singular black hole spacetimes. Apart from the UV regulator, the solution is equivalent to the Bardeen black hole spacetime. We extend this solution to include an asymptotic de Sitter background. All Yang-Mills field theory quantities associated with the double copy are well-behaved and finite for all values of parameters. We present a thorough analysis of the black hole horizon structure, additionally uncovering a simple yet new connection between horizons on the gravity side and electric fields on the gauge theory side of the double copy.
[ { "created": "Fri, 31 Jul 2020 17:28:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Sep 2020 16:22:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-10-21
[ [ "Easson", "Damien A.", "" ], [ "Keeler", "Cynthia", "" ], [ "Manton", "Tucker", "" ] ]
We apply the classical double copy procedure to a class of regular, non-singular black hole solutions. We give several examples, paying particular attention to a string-theory-corrected black hole solution emerging from T-duality. Non-perturbative stringy corrections introduce an ultraviolet (UV) zero-point length cutoff which results in non-singular black hole spacetimes. Apart from the UV regulator, the solution is equivalent to the Bardeen black hole spacetime. We extend this solution to include an asymptotic de Sitter background. All Yang-Mills field theory quantities associated with the double copy are well-behaved and finite for all values of parameters. We present a thorough analysis of the black hole horizon structure, additionally uncovering a simple yet new connection between horizons on the gravity side and electric fields on the gauge theory side of the double copy.
2003.13724
Vasilis Oikonomou
S.D. Odintsov, V.K. Oikonomou, F.P. Fronimos
Rectifying Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Inflation in View of GW170817
NPB Accepted
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we introduce a new theoretical framework for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories of gravity, which results to particularly elegant, functionally simple and transparent gravitational equations of motion, slow-roll indices and the corresponding observational indices. The main requirement is that the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory has to be compatible with the GW170817 event, so the gravitational wave speed $c_T^2$ is required to be $c_T^2\simeq 1$ in natural units. This assumption was also made in a previous work of ours, but in this work we express all the related quantities as functions of the scalar field. The constraint $c_T^2\simeq 1$ restricts the functional form of the scalar Gauss-Bonnet coupling function $\xi(\phi)$ and of the scalar potential $V(\phi)$, which must satisfy a differential equation. However, by also assuming that the slow-roll conditions hold true, the resulting equations of motion and the slow-roll indices acquire particularly simple forms, and also the relation that yields the $e$-foldings number is $N=\int_{\phi_i}^{\phi_f}\xi''/\xi'd \phi$, a fact that enables us to perform particularly simple calculations in order to study the inflationary phenomenological implications of several models. As it proves, the models we presented are compatible with the observational data, and also satisfy all the assumptions made during the process of extracting the gravitational equations of motion. More interestingly, we also investigated the phenomenological implications of an additional condition $\xi'/\xi''\ll 1$, which is motivated by the slow-roll conditions that are imposed on the scalar field evolution and on the Hubble rate, in which case the study is easier. Our approach opens a new window in viable Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories of gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Mar 2020 18:20:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 26 Jul 2020 20:12:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-28
[ [ "Odintsov", "S. D.", "" ], [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ], [ "Fronimos", "F. P.", "" ] ]
In this work we introduce a new theoretical framework for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories of gravity, which results to particularly elegant, functionally simple and transparent gravitational equations of motion, slow-roll indices and the corresponding observational indices. The main requirement is that the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory has to be compatible with the GW170817 event, so the gravitational wave speed $c_T^2$ is required to be $c_T^2\simeq 1$ in natural units. This assumption was also made in a previous work of ours, but in this work we express all the related quantities as functions of the scalar field. The constraint $c_T^2\simeq 1$ restricts the functional form of the scalar Gauss-Bonnet coupling function $\xi(\phi)$ and of the scalar potential $V(\phi)$, which must satisfy a differential equation. However, by also assuming that the slow-roll conditions hold true, the resulting equations of motion and the slow-roll indices acquire particularly simple forms, and also the relation that yields the $e$-foldings number is $N=\int_{\phi_i}^{\phi_f}\xi''/\xi'd \phi$, a fact that enables us to perform particularly simple calculations in order to study the inflationary phenomenological implications of several models. As it proves, the models we presented are compatible with the observational data, and also satisfy all the assumptions made during the process of extracting the gravitational equations of motion. More interestingly, we also investigated the phenomenological implications of an additional condition $\xi'/\xi''\ll 1$, which is motivated by the slow-roll conditions that are imposed on the scalar field evolution and on the Hubble rate, in which case the study is easier. Our approach opens a new window in viable Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories of gravity.
2207.10339
Riasat Ali
Riasat Ali, Rimsha Babar, Muhammad Asgher and Xia Tie-Cheng
Tunneling Analysis of Regular Black Holes with Cosmic Strings-Like Solution in Newman-Janis Algorithm
12 pages,7 figures, version accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics A
null
10.1142/S0217751X22501081
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider the regular black holes solution with cosmic strings(RBHCS) in the rotation parameter by assuming the Newman-Janis method. After this, we study thermodynamical property (i.e., Hawking temperature $T_H$) for the RBHCS in the presence of spin parameter. Moreover, we study the graphical interpretation of Hawking temperature with event horizon to check the physical and stable form of RBHCS under the effect of Newman-Janis algorithm. We graphically show that the RBHCS in the context of Newman-Janis algorithm are colder than the Schwarzschild black hole. Furthermore, we investigate the quantum corrected temperature for RBHCS in Newman-Janis method by incorporating generalized uncertainty principle. We have also analyzed the graphical interpretation of corrected temperature $T'_{H}$ versus $r_{+}$ and study the stable condition of RBHCS in Newman-Janis method in the presence of gravity parameter effects. Finally, the corrected entropy for RBHCS with rotation parameter is analyzed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Jul 2022 07:28:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-07-22
[ [ "Ali", "Riasat", "" ], [ "Babar", "Rimsha", "" ], [ "Asgher", "Muhammad", "" ], [ "Tie-Cheng", "Xia", "" ] ]
We consider the regular black holes solution with cosmic strings(RBHCS) in the rotation parameter by assuming the Newman-Janis method. After this, we study thermodynamical property (i.e., Hawking temperature $T_H$) for the RBHCS in the presence of spin parameter. Moreover, we study the graphical interpretation of Hawking temperature with event horizon to check the physical and stable form of RBHCS under the effect of Newman-Janis algorithm. We graphically show that the RBHCS in the context of Newman-Janis algorithm are colder than the Schwarzschild black hole. Furthermore, we investigate the quantum corrected temperature for RBHCS in Newman-Janis method by incorporating generalized uncertainty principle. We have also analyzed the graphical interpretation of corrected temperature $T'_{H}$ versus $r_{+}$ and study the stable condition of RBHCS in Newman-Janis method in the presence of gravity parameter effects. Finally, the corrected entropy for RBHCS with rotation parameter is analyzed.
gr-qc/0201064
Marcelo Salgado
Marcelo Salgado
Dynamics of spherically symmetric spacetimes: hydrodynamics and radiation
submitted to Phys. Rev. D, 46 pages, RevTex file, no figures
Phys.Rev.D66:044013,2002
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.044013
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Using the 3+1 formalism of general relativity we obtain the equations governing the dynamics of spherically symmetric spacetimes with arbitrary sources. We then specialize for the case of perfect fluids accompanied by a flow of interacting massless or massive particles (e.g. neutrinos) which are described in terms of relativistic transport theory. We focus in three types of coordinates: 1) isotropic gauge and maximal slicing, 2) radial gauge and polar slicing, and 3) isotropic gauge and polar slicing.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Jan 2002 22:54:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-05-12
[ [ "Salgado", "Marcelo", "" ] ]
Using the 3+1 formalism of general relativity we obtain the equations governing the dynamics of spherically symmetric spacetimes with arbitrary sources. We then specialize for the case of perfect fluids accompanied by a flow of interacting massless or massive particles (e.g. neutrinos) which are described in terms of relativistic transport theory. We focus in three types of coordinates: 1) isotropic gauge and maximal slicing, 2) radial gauge and polar slicing, and 3) isotropic gauge and polar slicing.
2101.03594
Ozgur Delice
Hatice \"Ozer, \"Ozg\"ur Delice
Gravitational waves in Brans-Dicke Theory with a cosmological constant
V2: 30 pages, Revtex 4-1, References are added, discussion is extended, section III-D is added, Published version
Eur. Phys. J. C (2021) 81: 326
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09123-7
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Weak field gravitational wave solutions are investigated in Brans-Dicke (BD) theory in the presence of a cosmological constant. In this setting the background geometry is not flat but asymptotically de-Sitter. We investigate the linearised field equations, and their gravitational wave solutions in a certain gauge choice. We will show that this theory leads to massless scalar waves as in original BD theory and in contrast to massive BD theory. The effects of these waves on free particles and their polarization properties are studied extensively and effects of the cosmological constant is analyzed in these phenomena in detail. The energy flux of these waves are also discussed in this background. By analyzing this flux, we obtain a critical distance where the waves cannot propagate further, which extends Cosmic no Hair Conjecture (CNC) to BD theory with a cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Sun, 10 Jan 2021 18:25:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Apr 2021 17:57:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-28
[ [ "Özer", "Hatice", "" ], [ "Delice", "Özgür", "" ] ]
Weak field gravitational wave solutions are investigated in Brans-Dicke (BD) theory in the presence of a cosmological constant. In this setting the background geometry is not flat but asymptotically de-Sitter. We investigate the linearised field equations, and their gravitational wave solutions in a certain gauge choice. We will show that this theory leads to massless scalar waves as in original BD theory and in contrast to massive BD theory. The effects of these waves on free particles and their polarization properties are studied extensively and effects of the cosmological constant is analyzed in these phenomena in detail. The energy flux of these waves are also discussed in this background. By analyzing this flux, we obtain a critical distance where the waves cannot propagate further, which extends Cosmic no Hair Conjecture (CNC) to BD theory with a cosmological constant.
1707.04953
Vladimir S. Manko
V. S. Manko, E. Ruiz
Simple metric for a magnetized, spinning, deformed mass
13 pages, 1 figure; minor changes, one reference added
Phys. Rev. D 97, 104016 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.104016
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present and discuss a 4-parameter stationary axisymmetric solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations able to describe the exterior field of a rotating magnetized deformed mass. The solution arises as a system of two overlapping corotating magnetized non-equal black holes or hyperextreme disks and we write it in a concise explicit form very suitable for concrete astrophysical applications. An interesting peculiar feature of this solution is that its first four electric multipole moments are zeros; it also has a non-trivial extreme limit which we elaborate completely in terms of four polynomial factors. We speculate that the formation of the binary configurations of this type, which is accompanied by a drastic change of the system's total angular momentum due to strong dragging effects, might be one of the mechanisms giving birth to relativistic jets in the galactic nuclei.
[ { "created": "Sun, 16 Jul 2017 22:11:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Jul 2017 06:50:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-23
[ [ "Manko", "V. S.", "" ], [ "Ruiz", "E.", "" ] ]
We present and discuss a 4-parameter stationary axisymmetric solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations able to describe the exterior field of a rotating magnetized deformed mass. The solution arises as a system of two overlapping corotating magnetized non-equal black holes or hyperextreme disks and we write it in a concise explicit form very suitable for concrete astrophysical applications. An interesting peculiar feature of this solution is that its first four electric multipole moments are zeros; it also has a non-trivial extreme limit which we elaborate completely in terms of four polynomial factors. We speculate that the formation of the binary configurations of this type, which is accompanied by a drastic change of the system's total angular momentum due to strong dragging effects, might be one of the mechanisms giving birth to relativistic jets in the galactic nuclei.
1503.05405
Michalis Agathos
Michalis Agathos, Jeroen Meidam, Walter Del Pozzo, Tjonnie G. F. Li, Marco Tompitak, John Veitch, Salvatore Vitale, Chris Van Den Broeck
Constraining the neutron star equation of state with gravitational wave signals from coalescing binary neutron stars
18 pages, 12 figures, revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 92, 023012 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.023012
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently exploratory studies were performed on the possibility of constraining the neutron star equation of state (EOS) using signals from coalescing binary neutron stars, or neutron star-black hole systems, as they will be seen in upcoming advanced gravitational wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. In particular, it was estimated to what extent the combined information from multiple detections would enable one to distinguish between different equations of state through hypothesis ranking or parameter estimation. Under the assumption of zero neutron star spins both in signals and in template waveforms and considering tidal effects to 1 post-Newtonian (1PN) order, it was found that O(20) sources would suffice to distinguish between a hard, moderate, and soft equation of state. Here we revisit these results, this time including neutron star tidal effects to the highest order currently known, termination of gravitational waveforms at the contact frequency, neutron star spins, and the resulting quadrupole-monopole interaction. We also take the masses of neutron stars in simulated sources to be distributed according to a relatively strongly peaked Gaussian, as hinted at by observations, but without assuming that the data analyst will necessarily have accurate knowledge of this distribution for use as a mass prior. We find that especially the effect of the latter is dramatic, necessitating many more detections to distinguish between different EOS and causing systematic biases in parameter estimation, on top of biases due to imperfect understanding of the signal model pointed out in earlier work. This would get mitigated if reliable prior information about the mass distribution could be folded into the analyses.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Mar 2015 13:39:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 12 Jul 2015 14:53:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-08-05
[ [ "Agathos", "Michalis", "" ], [ "Meidam", "Jeroen", "" ], [ "Del Pozzo", "Walter", "" ], [ "Li", "Tjonnie G. F.", "" ], [ "Tompitak", "Marco", "" ], [ "Veitch", "John", "" ], [ "Vitale", "Salvatore", "" ],...
Recently exploratory studies were performed on the possibility of constraining the neutron star equation of state (EOS) using signals from coalescing binary neutron stars, or neutron star-black hole systems, as they will be seen in upcoming advanced gravitational wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. In particular, it was estimated to what extent the combined information from multiple detections would enable one to distinguish between different equations of state through hypothesis ranking or parameter estimation. Under the assumption of zero neutron star spins both in signals and in template waveforms and considering tidal effects to 1 post-Newtonian (1PN) order, it was found that O(20) sources would suffice to distinguish between a hard, moderate, and soft equation of state. Here we revisit these results, this time including neutron star tidal effects to the highest order currently known, termination of gravitational waveforms at the contact frequency, neutron star spins, and the resulting quadrupole-monopole interaction. We also take the masses of neutron stars in simulated sources to be distributed according to a relatively strongly peaked Gaussian, as hinted at by observations, but without assuming that the data analyst will necessarily have accurate knowledge of this distribution for use as a mass prior. We find that especially the effect of the latter is dramatic, necessitating many more detections to distinguish between different EOS and causing systematic biases in parameter estimation, on top of biases due to imperfect understanding of the signal model pointed out in earlier work. This would get mitigated if reliable prior information about the mass distribution could be folded into the analyses.
1706.07460
Alexander Zhidenko
K. D. Kokkotas, R. A. Konoplya, A. Zhidenko
An analytical approximation for the Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet black hole metric
8 pages, 3 figures, 1 ancillary Mathematica(R) notebook; the refereed version, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 96, 064004 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.064004
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct an analytical approximation for the numerical black hole metric of P. Kanti, et. al. [PRD54, 5049 (1996)] in the four-dimensional Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet (EdGB) theory. The continued fraction expansion in terms of a compactified radial coordinate, used here, converges slowly when the dilaton coupling approaches its extremal values, but for a black hole far from the extremal state, the analytical formula has a maximal relative error of a fraction of one percent already within the third order of the continued fraction expansion. The suggested analytical representation of the numerical black hole metric is relatively compact and good approximation in the whole space outside the black hole event horizon. Therefore, it can serve in the same way as an exact solution when analyzing particles' motion, perturbations, quasinormal modes, Hawking radiation, accreting disks and many other problems in the vicinity of a black hole. In addition, we construct the approximate analytical expression for the dilaton field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Jun 2017 19:00:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Aug 2017 23:00:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-09-06
[ [ "Kokkotas", "K. D.", "" ], [ "Konoplya", "R. A.", "" ], [ "Zhidenko", "A.", "" ] ]
We construct an analytical approximation for the numerical black hole metric of P. Kanti, et. al. [PRD54, 5049 (1996)] in the four-dimensional Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet (EdGB) theory. The continued fraction expansion in terms of a compactified radial coordinate, used here, converges slowly when the dilaton coupling approaches its extremal values, but for a black hole far from the extremal state, the analytical formula has a maximal relative error of a fraction of one percent already within the third order of the continued fraction expansion. The suggested analytical representation of the numerical black hole metric is relatively compact and good approximation in the whole space outside the black hole event horizon. Therefore, it can serve in the same way as an exact solution when analyzing particles' motion, perturbations, quasinormal modes, Hawking radiation, accreting disks and many other problems in the vicinity of a black hole. In addition, we construct the approximate analytical expression for the dilaton field.
gr-qc/0602031
Sunil Maharaj
A. J. John and S. D. Maharaj
An exact isotropic solution
7 pages, to appear in Il Nuovo Cimento B
Nuovo Cim. B121 (2006) 27-33
10.1393/ncb/i2005-10179-y
null
gr-qc
null
The condition for pressure isotropy is reduced to a recurrence equation with variable, rational coefficients of order three. We prove that this difference equation can be solved in general. Consequently we can find an exact solution to the field equations corresponding to a static spherically symmetric gravitational potential in terms of elementary functions. The metric functions, the energy density and the pressure are continuous and well behaved which implies that this solution could be used to model the interior of a relativistic sphere. The model satisfies a barotropic equation of state in general which approximates a polytrope close to the stellar centre.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Feb 2006 13:42:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "John", "A. J.", "" ], [ "Maharaj", "S. D.", "" ] ]
The condition for pressure isotropy is reduced to a recurrence equation with variable, rational coefficients of order three. We prove that this difference equation can be solved in general. Consequently we can find an exact solution to the field equations corresponding to a static spherically symmetric gravitational potential in terms of elementary functions. The metric functions, the energy density and the pressure are continuous and well behaved which implies that this solution could be used to model the interior of a relativistic sphere. The model satisfies a barotropic equation of state in general which approximates a polytrope close to the stellar centre.
gr-qc/0701089
Chen Songbai
Songbai Chen, Bin Wang, Rukeng Su
Influence of Lorentz violation on Dirac quasinormal modes in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime
10 pages, 4 figure
Class.Quant.Grav.23:7581-7590,2006
10.1088/0264-9381/23/24/026
null
gr-qc
null
Using the third-order WKB approximation and monodromy methods, we investigate the influence of Lorentz violating coefficient $b$ (associated with a special axial-vector $b_{\mu}$ field) on Dirac quasinormal modes in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. At fundamental overtone, the real part decreases linearly as the parameter $b$ increases. But the variation of the imaginary part with $b$ becomes more complex. For the larger multiple moment $k$, the magnitude of imaginary part increases with the increase of $b$, which means that presence of Lorentz violation makes Dirac field damps more rapidly. At high overtones, it is found that the real part of high-damped quasinormal frequency does not tend to zero, which is quite a different from the symptotic Dirac quasinormal modes without Lorentz violation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jan 2007 01:36:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Chen", "Songbai", "" ], [ "Wang", "Bin", "" ], [ "Su", "Rukeng", "" ] ]
Using the third-order WKB approximation and monodromy methods, we investigate the influence of Lorentz violating coefficient $b$ (associated with a special axial-vector $b_{\mu}$ field) on Dirac quasinormal modes in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. At fundamental overtone, the real part decreases linearly as the parameter $b$ increases. But the variation of the imaginary part with $b$ becomes more complex. For the larger multiple moment $k$, the magnitude of imaginary part increases with the increase of $b$, which means that presence of Lorentz violation makes Dirac field damps more rapidly. At high overtones, it is found that the real part of high-damped quasinormal frequency does not tend to zero, which is quite a different from the symptotic Dirac quasinormal modes without Lorentz violation.
1703.07649
Sourav Bhattacharya
Sourav Bhattacharya and Theodore N Tomaras
Cosmic structure sizes in generic dark energy models
v2, 19pp; added references and discussions, improved presentation; accepted in EPJC
Eur. Phys. J. C (2017) 77: 526
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5102-4
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The maximum allowable size of a spherical cosmic structure as a function of its mass is determined by the maximum turn around radius $R_{\rm TA,max}$, the distance from its centre where the attraction on a radial test particle due to the spherical mass is balanced with the repulsion due to the ambient dark energy. In this work, we extend the existing results in several directions. (a) We first show that for $w\neq -1$, the expression for $R_{\rm TA, max}$ found earlier using the cosmological perturbation theory, can be derived using a static geometry as well. (b) In the generic dark energy model with arbitrary time dependent state parameter $w(t)$, taking into account the effect of inhomogeneities upon the dark energy as well, where it is shown that the data constrain $w(t={\rm today})>-2.3$, and (c) in the quintessence and the generalized Chaplygin gas models, both of which are shown to predict structure sizes consistent with observations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Mar 2017 05:47:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Jul 2017 04:17:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-08-14
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Sourav", "" ], [ "Tomaras", "Theodore N", "" ] ]
The maximum allowable size of a spherical cosmic structure as a function of its mass is determined by the maximum turn around radius $R_{\rm TA,max}$, the distance from its centre where the attraction on a radial test particle due to the spherical mass is balanced with the repulsion due to the ambient dark energy. In this work, we extend the existing results in several directions. (a) We first show that for $w\neq -1$, the expression for $R_{\rm TA, max}$ found earlier using the cosmological perturbation theory, can be derived using a static geometry as well. (b) In the generic dark energy model with arbitrary time dependent state parameter $w(t)$, taking into account the effect of inhomogeneities upon the dark energy as well, where it is shown that the data constrain $w(t={\rm today})>-2.3$, and (c) in the quintessence and the generalized Chaplygin gas models, both of which are shown to predict structure sizes consistent with observations.
2009.11107
Raj Patil
Raj Patil
EFT approach to general relativity: correction to EIH Lagrangian due to electromagnetic charge
null
Gen Relativ Gravit 52, 95 (2020)
10.1007/s10714-020-02748-1
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend the Non-Relativistic formulation of General Relativity (NRGR) given in Goldberger et al. (Phys Rev D 73:104029, 2006) to incorporate the effects of electromagnetic charge of the constituents of the binary. We incorporate the photon field in NRGR by giving the field decomposition and power counting rules. Using these, we develop the Feynman rules to describe photon and graviton interactions with point particle worldline. We then find the corrections to the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann Lagrangian (Einstein et al. in Ann Math 39:65-100, 1938) due to the presence of the photon field and electromagnetic charge of the constituents of the binary.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Sep 2020 12:35:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-24
[ [ "Patil", "Raj", "" ] ]
We extend the Non-Relativistic formulation of General Relativity (NRGR) given in Goldberger et al. (Phys Rev D 73:104029, 2006) to incorporate the effects of electromagnetic charge of the constituents of the binary. We incorporate the photon field in NRGR by giving the field decomposition and power counting rules. Using these, we develop the Feynman rules to describe photon and graviton interactions with point particle worldline. We then find the corrections to the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann Lagrangian (Einstein et al. in Ann Math 39:65-100, 1938) due to the presence of the photon field and electromagnetic charge of the constituents of the binary.
2405.17350
Jose Socorro Garcia
J. Socorro, J. Juan Rosales and Leonel Toledo-Sesma
Non commutative classical and Quantum fractionary Cosmology: Anisotropic Bianchi Type I case
28 pages, 23 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
In this work, we will explore the effects of non-commutativity in fractional classical and quantum schemes using the anisotropicc Bianchi Type I cosmological model coupled to a scalar field in the K-essence formalism. We introduce non-commutative variables considering that all minisuperspace variables $q^i_{nc}$ do not commute, so the symplectic structure was modified, resulting in some changes with respect to the traditional formalism. In the quantum regime, the probability density presents a new structure in the scalar field corresponding to the value of the non-commutative parameter.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 May 2024 16:54:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-28
[ [ "Socorro", "J.", "" ], [ "Rosales", "J. Juan", "" ], [ "Toledo-Sesma", "Leonel", "" ] ]
In this work, we will explore the effects of non-commutativity in fractional classical and quantum schemes using the anisotropicc Bianchi Type I cosmological model coupled to a scalar field in the K-essence formalism. We introduce non-commutative variables considering that all minisuperspace variables $q^i_{nc}$ do not commute, so the symplectic structure was modified, resulting in some changes with respect to the traditional formalism. In the quantum regime, the probability density presents a new structure in the scalar field corresponding to the value of the non-commutative parameter.
1910.08544
Diego Blas
Diego Blas, Diana L\'opez Nacir, Sergey Sibiryakov
Secular effects of Ultralight Dark Matter on Binary Pulsars
24 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables; in v2 we introduced new clarifications, updated fig. 3 to include current bounds and agrees with the published version
Phys. Rev. D 101, 063016 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.063016
CERN-TH-2019-165, INR-TH-2019-018, KCL-PH-TH/2019-77
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Dark matter (DM) can consist of very light bosons behaving as a classical scalar field that experiences coherent oscillations. The presence of this DM field would perturb the dynamics of celestial bodies, either because the (oscillating) DM stress tensor modifies the gravitational potentials of the galaxy, or if DM is directly coupled to the constituents of the body. We study secular variations of the orbital parameters of binary systems induced by such perturbations. Two classes of effects are identified. Effects of the first class appear if the frequency of DM oscillations is in resonance with the orbital motion; these exist for general DM couplings including the case of purely gravitational interaction. Effects of the second class arise if DM is coupled quadratically to the masses of the binary system members and do not require any resonant condition. The exquisite precision of binary pulsar timing can be used to constrain these effects. Current observations are not sensitive to oscillations in the galactic gravitational field, though a discovery of pulsars in regions of high DM density may improve the situation. For DM with direct coupling to ordinary matter, the current timing data are already competitive with other existing constraints in the range of DM masses $\sim 10^{-22}-10^{-18}\,{\rm eV}$. Future observations are expected to increase the sensitivity and probe new regions of parameters.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Oct 2019 10:02:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Feb 2020 18:56:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-03-18
[ [ "Blas", "Diego", "" ], [ "Nacir", "Diana López", "" ], [ "Sibiryakov", "Sergey", "" ] ]
Dark matter (DM) can consist of very light bosons behaving as a classical scalar field that experiences coherent oscillations. The presence of this DM field would perturb the dynamics of celestial bodies, either because the (oscillating) DM stress tensor modifies the gravitational potentials of the galaxy, or if DM is directly coupled to the constituents of the body. We study secular variations of the orbital parameters of binary systems induced by such perturbations. Two classes of effects are identified. Effects of the first class appear if the frequency of DM oscillations is in resonance with the orbital motion; these exist for general DM couplings including the case of purely gravitational interaction. Effects of the second class arise if DM is coupled quadratically to the masses of the binary system members and do not require any resonant condition. The exquisite precision of binary pulsar timing can be used to constrain these effects. Current observations are not sensitive to oscillations in the galactic gravitational field, though a discovery of pulsars in regions of high DM density may improve the situation. For DM with direct coupling to ordinary matter, the current timing data are already competitive with other existing constraints in the range of DM masses $\sim 10^{-22}-10^{-18}\,{\rm eV}$. Future observations are expected to increase the sensitivity and probe new regions of parameters.
1711.00605
Marcony Silva Cunha
V. B. Bezerra, H. R. Christiansen, M. S. Cunha, C. R. Muniz, M. O. Tahim
Thermal Casimir effect in Kerr spacetime with quintessence and massive gravitons
15 pages, 4 figures
Eur.Phys.J. C77 (2017) no.11, 787
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5378-4
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Starting from an analytical expression for the Helmholtz free energy we calculate the thermal corrections to the Casimir energy-density and entropy within nearby ideal parallel plates in the vacuum of a massless scalar field. Our framework is the Kerr spacetime in the presence of quintessence and massive gravitons. The high and low temperature regimes are especially analysed in order to distinguish the main contributions. For instance, in the high temperature regime, we show that the force between the plates is repulsive and grows with both the quintessence and the massive gravitons. Regarding the Casimir entropy, our results are in agreement with the Nernst heat theorem and therefore confirm the third law of thermodynamics in the present scenario.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Nov 2017 03:19:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-11-23
[ [ "Bezerra", "V. B.", "" ], [ "Christiansen", "H. R.", "" ], [ "Cunha", "M. S.", "" ], [ "Muniz", "C. R.", "" ], [ "Tahim", "M. O.", "" ] ]
Starting from an analytical expression for the Helmholtz free energy we calculate the thermal corrections to the Casimir energy-density and entropy within nearby ideal parallel plates in the vacuum of a massless scalar field. Our framework is the Kerr spacetime in the presence of quintessence and massive gravitons. The high and low temperature regimes are especially analysed in order to distinguish the main contributions. For instance, in the high temperature regime, we show that the force between the plates is repulsive and grows with both the quintessence and the massive gravitons. Regarding the Casimir entropy, our results are in agreement with the Nernst heat theorem and therefore confirm the third law of thermodynamics in the present scenario.
0711.3575
Kenta Kiuchi
Kenta Kiuchi and Hisa-aki Shinkai
Numerical experiments of adjusted BSSN systems for controlling constraint violations
to be published in PRD
Phys.Rev.D77:044010,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.044010
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We present our numerical comparisons between the BSSN formulation widely used in numerical relativity today and its adjusted versions using constraints. We performed three testbeds: gauge-wave, linear wave, and Gowdy-wave tests, proposed by the Mexico workshop on the formulation problem of the Einstein equations. We tried three kinds of adjustments, which were previously proposed from the analysis of the constraint propagation equations, and investigated how they improve the accuracy and stability of evolutions. We observed that the signature of the proposed Lagrange multipliers are always right and the adjustments improve the convergence and stability of the simulations. When the original BSSN system already shows satisfactory good evolutions (e.g., linear wave test), the adjusted versions also coincide with those evolutions; while in some cases (e.g., gauge-wave or Gowdy-wave tests) the simulations using the adjusted systems last 10 times as long as those using the original BSSN equations. Our demonstrations imply a potential to construct a robust evolution system against constraint violations even in highly dynamical situations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Nov 2007 14:01:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Jan 2008 11:01:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kiuchi", "Kenta", "" ], [ "Shinkai", "Hisa-aki", "" ] ]
We present our numerical comparisons between the BSSN formulation widely used in numerical relativity today and its adjusted versions using constraints. We performed three testbeds: gauge-wave, linear wave, and Gowdy-wave tests, proposed by the Mexico workshop on the formulation problem of the Einstein equations. We tried three kinds of adjustments, which were previously proposed from the analysis of the constraint propagation equations, and investigated how they improve the accuracy and stability of evolutions. We observed that the signature of the proposed Lagrange multipliers are always right and the adjustments improve the convergence and stability of the simulations. When the original BSSN system already shows satisfactory good evolutions (e.g., linear wave test), the adjusted versions also coincide with those evolutions; while in some cases (e.g., gauge-wave or Gowdy-wave tests) the simulations using the adjusted systems last 10 times as long as those using the original BSSN equations. Our demonstrations imply a potential to construct a robust evolution system against constraint violations even in highly dynamical situations.
2201.03381
Yu-Xiao Liu
Si-Jiang Yang, Yu-Peng Zhang, Shao-Wen Wei, Yu-Xiao Liu
Destroying the event horizon of a nonsingular rotating quantum-corrected black hole
19 pages, 1 figure, published version
JHEP 04 (2022) 066
10.1007/JHEP04(2022)066
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The destruction of the event horizon of a nonsingular black hole, which is not prevented by the weak cosmic censorship conjecture, might provide us the possibility to access quantum regime of gravity inside black hole. We investigate the possibility of overspinning a nonsingular rotating quantum-corrected black hole by a test particle and a scalar field in this paper, and analyse the effect of the quantum parameter on the destruction of the event horizon. For the test particle injection, both extremal and near-extremal black holes cannot be overspun due to the existence of the quantum parameter. And the larger the quantum parameter the harder the black hole to be overspun. It seems that the quantum parameter acts as a protector to prevent the black hole to be destroyed. However, for the test scalar field scattering, both extremal and near-extremal black holes can be destroyed. Due to the loop quantum gravity correction, the angular velocity of the extremal black hole shifts from that of the extremal Kerr black hole. This provides a small range of wave modes to destroy the event horizon of the quantum-corrected black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Jan 2022 15:03:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Apr 2022 12:39:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-04-21
[ [ "Yang", "Si-Jiang", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Yu-Peng", "" ], [ "Wei", "Shao-Wen", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yu-Xiao", "" ] ]
The destruction of the event horizon of a nonsingular black hole, which is not prevented by the weak cosmic censorship conjecture, might provide us the possibility to access quantum regime of gravity inside black hole. We investigate the possibility of overspinning a nonsingular rotating quantum-corrected black hole by a test particle and a scalar field in this paper, and analyse the effect of the quantum parameter on the destruction of the event horizon. For the test particle injection, both extremal and near-extremal black holes cannot be overspun due to the existence of the quantum parameter. And the larger the quantum parameter the harder the black hole to be overspun. It seems that the quantum parameter acts as a protector to prevent the black hole to be destroyed. However, for the test scalar field scattering, both extremal and near-extremal black holes can be destroyed. Due to the loop quantum gravity correction, the angular velocity of the extremal black hole shifts from that of the extremal Kerr black hole. This provides a small range of wave modes to destroy the event horizon of the quantum-corrected black hole.
2310.11072
Karim Thebault
Nick Huggett and Karim P. Y. Th\'ebault
Finding Time for Wheeler-DeWitt Cosmology
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We conduct a case study analysis of a proposal for the emergence of time based upon the approximate derivation of three grades of temporal structure within an explicit quantum cosmological model which obeys a Wheeler-DeWitt type equation without an extrinsic time parameter. Our main focus will be issues regarding the consistency of the approximations and derivations in question. Our conclusion is that the model provides a self-consistent account of the emergence of chronordinal, chronometric and chronodirected structure. Residual concerns relate to explanatory rather than consistency considerations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Oct 2023 08:38:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-18
[ [ "Huggett", "Nick", "" ], [ "Thébault", "Karim P. Y.", "" ] ]
We conduct a case study analysis of a proposal for the emergence of time based upon the approximate derivation of three grades of temporal structure within an explicit quantum cosmological model which obeys a Wheeler-DeWitt type equation without an extrinsic time parameter. Our main focus will be issues regarding the consistency of the approximations and derivations in question. Our conclusion is that the model provides a self-consistent account of the emergence of chronordinal, chronometric and chronodirected structure. Residual concerns relate to explanatory rather than consistency considerations.
gr-qc/0610118
Francisco Lobo
Francisco S. N. Lobo
Van der Waals quintessence stars
8 pages, 1 figure, Revtex4. V2: clarifying comments and references added, now 9 pages
Phys.Rev.D75:024023,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.024023
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
The van der Waals quintessence equation of state is an interesting scenario for describing the late universe, and seems to provide a solution to the puzzle of dark energy, without the presence of exotic fluids or modifications of the Friedmann equations. In this work, the construction of inhomogeneous compact spheres supported by a van der Waals equation of state is explored. These relativistic stellar configurations shall be denoted as {\it van der Waals quintessence stars}. Despite of the fact that, in a cosmological context, the van der Waals fluid is considered homogeneous, inhomogeneities may arise through gravitational instabilities. Thus, these solutions may possibly originate from density fluctuations in the cosmological background. Two specific classes of solutions, namely, gravastars and traversable wormholes are analyzed. Exact solutions are found, and their respective characteristics and physical properties are further explored.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Oct 2006 13:28:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2007 19:31:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ] ]
The van der Waals quintessence equation of state is an interesting scenario for describing the late universe, and seems to provide a solution to the puzzle of dark energy, without the presence of exotic fluids or modifications of the Friedmann equations. In this work, the construction of inhomogeneous compact spheres supported by a van der Waals equation of state is explored. These relativistic stellar configurations shall be denoted as {\it van der Waals quintessence stars}. Despite of the fact that, in a cosmological context, the van der Waals fluid is considered homogeneous, inhomogeneities may arise through gravitational instabilities. Thus, these solutions may possibly originate from density fluctuations in the cosmological background. Two specific classes of solutions, namely, gravastars and traversable wormholes are analyzed. Exact solutions are found, and their respective characteristics and physical properties are further explored.
gr-qc/0609097
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
A comment on the paper "On the orbit of the LARES satellite", by I. Ciufolini
LaTex, 7 pages, no figures, 1 table. It refers to gr-qc/0609081 by I. Ciufolini. Quotation from such paper added: in it Ciufolini explicitly claims that his nearly polar LARES would be sufficient, without using LAGEOS and LAGEOS II. Typos corrected. Reference added. Style improved. Clarifications added. To appear in Planetary and Space Science
Planet.SpaceSci.55:1198-1200,2007
10.1016/j.pss.2007.03.005
null
gr-qc astro-ph physics.geo-ph physics.space-ph
null
In this note we comment on a recent paper by I.Ciufolini about the possibility of placing the proposed terrestrial satellite LARES in a low-altitude, nearly polar orbit in order to measure the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect with its node. Ciufolini claims that, for a departure of 4 deg in the satellite's inclination $i$ from the ideal polar configuration (i=90 deg), the impact of the errors in the even zonal harmonics of the geopotential, modelled with EIGEN-GRACE02S, would be nearly zero allowing for a few-percent measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect. Instead, we find that, with the same Earth gravity model and for the same values of the inclination, the upper bound of the systematic error due to the mismodelling in the even zonals amounts to 64% of the relativistic effect investigated.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Sep 2006 23:35:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Nov 2006 19:09:50 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Nov 2006 18:09:09 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Feb 2007 00:35:00 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "c...
2008-11-26
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
In this note we comment on a recent paper by I.Ciufolini about the possibility of placing the proposed terrestrial satellite LARES in a low-altitude, nearly polar orbit in order to measure the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect with its node. Ciufolini claims that, for a departure of 4 deg in the satellite's inclination $i$ from the ideal polar configuration (i=90 deg), the impact of the errors in the even zonal harmonics of the geopotential, modelled with EIGEN-GRACE02S, would be nearly zero allowing for a few-percent measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect. Instead, we find that, with the same Earth gravity model and for the same values of the inclination, the upper bound of the systematic error due to the mismodelling in the even zonals amounts to 64% of the relativistic effect investigated.
2008.05019
Matthew Duez
Matthew D. Duez, Alexander Knight, Francois Foucart, Milad Haddadi, Jerred Jesse, Francois Hebert, Lawrence E. Kidder, Harald P. Pfeiffer, and Mark A. Scheel
A comparison of momentum transport models for numerical relativity
15 pagers, 11 figures
Phys. Rev. D 102, 104050 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.104050
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The main problems of nonvacuum numerical relativity, compact binary mergers and stellar collapse, involve hydromagnetic instabilities and turbulent flows, so that kinetic energy at small scales have mean effects at large scale that drive the secular evolution. Notable among these effects is momentum transport. We investigate two models of this transport effect, a relativistic Navier-Stokes system and a turbulent mean stress model, that are similar to all of the prescriptions that have been attempted to date for treating subgrid effects on binary neutron star mergers and their aftermath. Our investigation involves both stability analysis and numerical experimentation on star and disk systems. We also begin the investigation of the effects of particle and heat transport on post-merger simulations. We find that correct handling of turbulent heating can be important for avoiding unphysical instabilities. Given such appropriate handling, the evolution of a differentially rotating star and the accretion rate of a disk are reassuringly insensitive to the choice of prescription. However, disk outflows can be sensitive to the choice of method, even for the same effective viscous strength. We also consider the effects of eddy diffusion in the evolution of an accretion disk and show that it can interestingly affect the composition of outflows.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Aug 2020 22:23:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Dec 2020 18:56:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-12-15
[ [ "Duez", "Matthew D.", "" ], [ "Knight", "Alexander", "" ], [ "Foucart", "Francois", "" ], [ "Haddadi", "Milad", "" ], [ "Jesse", "Jerred", "" ], [ "Hebert", "Francois", "" ], [ "Kidder", "Lawrence E.", "" ...
The main problems of nonvacuum numerical relativity, compact binary mergers and stellar collapse, involve hydromagnetic instabilities and turbulent flows, so that kinetic energy at small scales have mean effects at large scale that drive the secular evolution. Notable among these effects is momentum transport. We investigate two models of this transport effect, a relativistic Navier-Stokes system and a turbulent mean stress model, that are similar to all of the prescriptions that have been attempted to date for treating subgrid effects on binary neutron star mergers and their aftermath. Our investigation involves both stability analysis and numerical experimentation on star and disk systems. We also begin the investigation of the effects of particle and heat transport on post-merger simulations. We find that correct handling of turbulent heating can be important for avoiding unphysical instabilities. Given such appropriate handling, the evolution of a differentially rotating star and the accretion rate of a disk are reassuringly insensitive to the choice of prescription. However, disk outflows can be sensitive to the choice of method, even for the same effective viscous strength. We also consider the effects of eddy diffusion in the evolution of an accretion disk and show that it can interestingly affect the composition of outflows.
1208.0025
Davood Momeni Dr
Mubasher Jamil, D. Momeni, Ratbay Myrzakulov
Stability of a non-minimally conformally coupled scalar field in F(T) cosmology
12 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Eur. Phys. J. C (2012) 72:2075
10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2075-1
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we introduce a non-minimally conformally coupled scalar field and dark matter in F(T) cosmology and study their dynamics. We investigate the stability and phase space behavior of the parameters of the scalar field by choosing an exponential potential and cosmologically viable form of F(T). We found that the dynamical system of equations admits two unstable critical points; thus no attractor solutions exist in this cosmology. Furthermore, taking into account the scalar field mimicking quintessence and phantom energy, we discuss the corresponding cosmic evolution for both small and large times. We investigate the cosmological implications of the model via the equation of state and deceleration parameters of our model and show that the late-time Universe will be dominated by phantom energy and, moreover, phantom crossing is possible. Our results do not lead to explicit predictions for inflation and the early Universe era.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Jul 2012 03:57:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-08-02
[ [ "Jamil", "Mubasher", "" ], [ "Momeni", "D.", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "Ratbay", "" ] ]
In this paper, we introduce a non-minimally conformally coupled scalar field and dark matter in F(T) cosmology and study their dynamics. We investigate the stability and phase space behavior of the parameters of the scalar field by choosing an exponential potential and cosmologically viable form of F(T). We found that the dynamical system of equations admits two unstable critical points; thus no attractor solutions exist in this cosmology. Furthermore, taking into account the scalar field mimicking quintessence and phantom energy, we discuss the corresponding cosmic evolution for both small and large times. We investigate the cosmological implications of the model via the equation of state and deceleration parameters of our model and show that the late-time Universe will be dominated by phantom energy and, moreover, phantom crossing is possible. Our results do not lead to explicit predictions for inflation and the early Universe era.
2112.13855
Yusuke Manita
Yusuke Manita and Rampei Kimura
Linear growth of structure in projected massive gravity
16 pages, 5 figures. v2: typos corrected
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.084038
KUNS-2911
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In the present paper, we investigate the linear growth of matter fluctuations based on a concrete model of the projected massive gravity, which is free of the Boulware-Deser ghost and preserves the global Lorentz symmetry. We found that at subhorizon scales, the modification to the linear growth is strongly suppressed even without nonlinear screening of an additional force. In addition, we obtain observational constraints from distance and redshift space distortion measurements and find that there is a parameter region that is consistent both observationally and theoretically.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Dec 2021 19:00:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 5 Jun 2022 10:14:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-06-07
[ [ "Manita", "Yusuke", "" ], [ "Kimura", "Rampei", "" ] ]
In the present paper, we investigate the linear growth of matter fluctuations based on a concrete model of the projected massive gravity, which is free of the Boulware-Deser ghost and preserves the global Lorentz symmetry. We found that at subhorizon scales, the modification to the linear growth is strongly suppressed even without nonlinear screening of an additional force. In addition, we obtain observational constraints from distance and redshift space distortion measurements and find that there is a parameter region that is consistent both observationally and theoretically.
1612.05999
Zbigniew Haba
Z. Haba
Thermodynamics of diffusive DM/DE systems
20 pages
Gen.Relativ.Gravit (2017) 49:58
10.1007/s10714-017-2224-9
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the energy density,temperature and entropy of dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) as functions of the scale factor $a$ in an expanding universe. In a model of non-interacting dark components we repeat a derivation from thermodynamics of the well-known relations between the energy density,entropy and temperature. In particular, the entropy is constant as a consequence of the energy conservation. We consider a model of the DM/DE interaction where DM energy density increase is proportional to the particle density. In such a model the dependence of the energy density and the temperature on the scale factor $a$ is substantially modified. We discuss (as a realization of the model) DM which consists of relativistic particles diffusing in an environment of DE. The energy gained by the dark matter comes from a cosmological fluid with a negative pressure. We define the entropy and free energy of such a non-equilibrium system. We show that during the universe evolution the entropy of DM is increasing whereas the entropy of DE is decreasing. The total entropy can increase (in spite of the energy conservation) as DM and DE temperatures are different. We discuss non-equilibrium thermodynamics on the basis of the notion of relative entropy.
[ { "created": "Sun, 18 Dec 2016 21:49:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Mar 2017 13:07:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-03-27
[ [ "Haba", "Z.", "" ] ]
We discuss the energy density,temperature and entropy of dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) as functions of the scale factor $a$ in an expanding universe. In a model of non-interacting dark components we repeat a derivation from thermodynamics of the well-known relations between the energy density,entropy and temperature. In particular, the entropy is constant as a consequence of the energy conservation. We consider a model of the DM/DE interaction where DM energy density increase is proportional to the particle density. In such a model the dependence of the energy density and the temperature on the scale factor $a$ is substantially modified. We discuss (as a realization of the model) DM which consists of relativistic particles diffusing in an environment of DE. The energy gained by the dark matter comes from a cosmological fluid with a negative pressure. We define the entropy and free energy of such a non-equilibrium system. We show that during the universe evolution the entropy of DM is increasing whereas the entropy of DE is decreasing. The total entropy can increase (in spite of the energy conservation) as DM and DE temperatures are different. We discuss non-equilibrium thermodynamics on the basis of the notion of relative entropy.
2111.13883
Zhi-Chao Zhao
Zhi-Chao Zhao and Zhoujian Cao
Stochastic gravitational wave background due to gravitational wave memory
21 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1007/s11433-022-1965-y
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gravitational wave memory is an important prediction of general relativity, which has not been detected yet. Amounts of memory events can form a stochastic gravitational wave memory background. Here we find that memory background can be described as a Brownian motion in the condition that the observation time is longer than the averaged time interval between two successive memory events. We investigate, for the first time, the memory background of binary black hole coalescences. We only consider the spectrum of the memory background for a relatively low frequency range. So we can use the step function to approximate the waveform for each memory event. Then we find that the spectrum is a power law with index -2. And the amplitude of the power law spectrum depends on and only on the merger rate of the binary black holes. Consequently, the memory background not only provides a brand new means to detect gravitational wave memory but also opens a new window to explore the event rate of binary black hole mergers and the gravity theory. Space-based detectors are ideal to detect the gravitational wave memory background which corresponds to supermassive binary black holes. Since gravitational wave memory is only sensitive to the merger stage of binary black hole coalescence, the memory background will be an ideal probe of the famous final parsec problem.
[ { "created": "Sat, 27 Nov 2021 12:41:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 Dec 2021 13:33:37 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Dec 2022 16:28:29 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-12-12
[ [ "Zhao", "Zhi-Chao", "" ], [ "Cao", "Zhoujian", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave memory is an important prediction of general relativity, which has not been detected yet. Amounts of memory events can form a stochastic gravitational wave memory background. Here we find that memory background can be described as a Brownian motion in the condition that the observation time is longer than the averaged time interval between two successive memory events. We investigate, for the first time, the memory background of binary black hole coalescences. We only consider the spectrum of the memory background for a relatively low frequency range. So we can use the step function to approximate the waveform for each memory event. Then we find that the spectrum is a power law with index -2. And the amplitude of the power law spectrum depends on and only on the merger rate of the binary black holes. Consequently, the memory background not only provides a brand new means to detect gravitational wave memory but also opens a new window to explore the event rate of binary black hole mergers and the gravity theory. Space-based detectors are ideal to detect the gravitational wave memory background which corresponds to supermassive binary black holes. Since gravitational wave memory is only sensitive to the merger stage of binary black hole coalescence, the memory background will be an ideal probe of the famous final parsec problem.
1305.5831
Ehoud Pazy
Ehoud Pazy
Considerations for a cosmological extension of modified Newtonian dynamics connections to conformal gravity and Rindler force theories
23 pages, No figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) can be obtained by modifying the entropic formulation of gravity, this is achieved by considering the quantum statistical nature of the degrees of freedom on the holographic screen. Through this frame work, we find some constraints on a cosmological extension for MOND, with no additional auxiliary fields. The connections between MOND to conformal gravity and Rindler force gravity are examined. These two alternative gravity theories are subsequently considered as possible cosmological extensions of MOND.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 May 2013 19:19:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-05-27
[ [ "Pazy", "Ehoud", "" ] ]
Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) can be obtained by modifying the entropic formulation of gravity, this is achieved by considering the quantum statistical nature of the degrees of freedom on the holographic screen. Through this frame work, we find some constraints on a cosmological extension for MOND, with no additional auxiliary fields. The connections between MOND to conformal gravity and Rindler force gravity are examined. These two alternative gravity theories are subsequently considered as possible cosmological extensions of MOND.
2209.11317
Anthony Brady PhD
Anthony J. Brady, Ivan Agullo, Dimitrios Kranas
Symplectic circuits, entanglement, and stimulated Hawking radiation in analog gravity
25 + 10 pages and 21 figures. Comments welcome
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.105021
null
gr-qc cond-mat.stat-mech quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We introduce a convenient set of analytical tools (the Gaussian formalism) and diagrams (symplectic circuits) to analyze multi-mode scattering events in analog gravity, such as pair-creation a l\'a Hawking by black hole and white hole analog event horizons. The diagrams prove to be valuable ansatzes for the scattering dynamics, especially in settings where direct analytic results are not straightforward and one must instead rely on numerical simulations. We use these tools to investigate entanglement generation in single- and multi-horizon scenarios, in particular when the Hawking process is stimulated with classical (e.g., thermal noise) and non-classical (e.g., single-mode squeezed vacuum) input states -- demonstrating, for instance, that initial squeezing can enhance the production of entanglement and overcome the deleterious effects that initial thermal fluctuations have on the output entanglement. To make further contact with practical matters, we examine how attenuation degrades quantum correlations between Hawking pairs. The techniques that we employ are generally applicable to analog gravity setups of (Gaussian) bosonic quantum systems, such as analog horizons produced in optical analogs and in Bose-Einstein condensates, and should be of great utility in these domains. We show the applicability of these techniques by putting them in action for an optical system containing a pair white-black hole analog, extending our previous analysis of [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 091301 (2022)].
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Sep 2022 21:16:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-12-14
[ [ "Brady", "Anthony J.", "" ], [ "Agullo", "Ivan", "" ], [ "Kranas", "Dimitrios", "" ] ]
We introduce a convenient set of analytical tools (the Gaussian formalism) and diagrams (symplectic circuits) to analyze multi-mode scattering events in analog gravity, such as pair-creation a l\'a Hawking by black hole and white hole analog event horizons. The diagrams prove to be valuable ansatzes for the scattering dynamics, especially in settings where direct analytic results are not straightforward and one must instead rely on numerical simulations. We use these tools to investigate entanglement generation in single- and multi-horizon scenarios, in particular when the Hawking process is stimulated with classical (e.g., thermal noise) and non-classical (e.g., single-mode squeezed vacuum) input states -- demonstrating, for instance, that initial squeezing can enhance the production of entanglement and overcome the deleterious effects that initial thermal fluctuations have on the output entanglement. To make further contact with practical matters, we examine how attenuation degrades quantum correlations between Hawking pairs. The techniques that we employ are generally applicable to analog gravity setups of (Gaussian) bosonic quantum systems, such as analog horizons produced in optical analogs and in Bose-Einstein condensates, and should be of great utility in these domains. We show the applicability of these techniques by putting them in action for an optical system containing a pair white-black hole analog, extending our previous analysis of [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 091301 (2022)].
1904.03129
Shao-Wen Wei
Shao-Wen Wei, Jie Yang, Yu-Xiao Liu
Geodesics and periodic orbits in Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes in deformed Ho\u{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity
12 pages, 8 figures, and 2 tables, accepted by PRD
Phys. Rev. D 99, 104016 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.104016
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The motion of a massive test particle around a Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in deformed Ho\u{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity is studied. Employing the effective potential, the marginally bound orbits and the innermost stable circular orbits are analyzed. For the marginally bound orbits, their radius and angular momentum decrease with the parameter $\omega$ of the gravity. For the innermost stable circular orbits, the energy and angular momentum also decrease with $\omega$. Based on these results, we investigate the periodic orbits in the Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes. It is found that the apsidal angle parameter increases with the particle energy, while decreases with the angular momentum. Moreover, compared to the Schwarzschild black hole, the periodic orbits in Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes always have lower energy. These results provide us a possible way to distinguish the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in deformed Ho\u{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity from the Schwarzschild black hole.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Apr 2019 15:47:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 May 2019 03:32:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-30
[ [ "Wei", "Shao-Wen", "" ], [ "Yang", "Jie", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yu-Xiao", "" ] ]
The motion of a massive test particle around a Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in deformed Ho\u{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity is studied. Employing the effective potential, the marginally bound orbits and the innermost stable circular orbits are analyzed. For the marginally bound orbits, their radius and angular momentum decrease with the parameter $\omega$ of the gravity. For the innermost stable circular orbits, the energy and angular momentum also decrease with $\omega$. Based on these results, we investigate the periodic orbits in the Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes. It is found that the apsidal angle parameter increases with the particle energy, while decreases with the angular momentum. Moreover, compared to the Schwarzschild black hole, the periodic orbits in Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes always have lower energy. These results provide us a possible way to distinguish the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in deformed Ho\u{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity from the Schwarzschild black hole.
1111.6821
Cenalo Vaz
Cenalo Vaz and Louis Witten
Canonical Quantization of Spherically Symmetric Dust Collapse
19 pages no figures. Contribution to a festschrift in honor of Joshua N. Goldberg
Gen.Rel.Grav.43:3429,2011
10.1007/s10714-011-1240-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum gravity effects are likely to play a crucial role in determining the outcome of gravitational collapse during its final stages. In this contribution we will outline a canonical quantization of the LeMaitre-Tolman-Bondi models, which describe the collapse of spherical, inhomogeneous, non-rotating dust. Although there are many models of gravitational collapse, this particular class of models stands out for its simplicity and the fact that both black holes and naked singularity end states may be realized on the classical level, depending on the initial conditions. We will obtain the appropriate Wheeler-DeWitt equation and then solve it exactly, after regularization on a spatial lattice. The solutions describe Hawking radiation and provide an elegant microcanonical description of black hole entropy, but they raise other questions, most importantly concerning the nature of gravity's fundamental degrees of freedom.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Nov 2011 14:26:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-12-01
[ [ "Vaz", "Cenalo", "" ], [ "Witten", "Louis", "" ] ]
Quantum gravity effects are likely to play a crucial role in determining the outcome of gravitational collapse during its final stages. In this contribution we will outline a canonical quantization of the LeMaitre-Tolman-Bondi models, which describe the collapse of spherical, inhomogeneous, non-rotating dust. Although there are many models of gravitational collapse, this particular class of models stands out for its simplicity and the fact that both black holes and naked singularity end states may be realized on the classical level, depending on the initial conditions. We will obtain the appropriate Wheeler-DeWitt equation and then solve it exactly, after regularization on a spatial lattice. The solutions describe Hawking radiation and provide an elegant microcanonical description of black hole entropy, but they raise other questions, most importantly concerning the nature of gravity's fundamental degrees of freedom.
gr-qc/9811007
Roland Steinbauer
Michael Kunzinger, Roland Steinbauer
A note on the Penrose junction conditions
9 pages, RevTeX, no figures, final version (typos corrected, references updated)
Class.Quant.Grav. 16 (1999) 1255-1264
10.1088/0264-9381/16/4/013
UWThPh-1998-57
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
null
Impulsive pp-waves are commonly described either by a distributional spacetime metric or, alternatively, by a continuous one. The transformation $T$ relating these forms clearly has to be discontinuous, which causes two basic problems: First, it changes the manifold structure and second, the pullback of the distributional form of the metric under $T$ is not well defined within classical distribution theory. Nevertheless, from a physical point of view both pictures are equivalent. In this work, after calculating $T$ als well as the ''Rosen''-form of the metric in the general case of a pp-wave with arbitrary wave profile we give a precise meaning to the term ``physically equivalent'' by interpreting $T$ as the distributional limit of a suitably regularized sequence of diffeomorphisms. Moreover, it is shown that $T$ provides an example of a generalized coordinate transformation in the sense of Colombeau's generalized functions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Nov 1998 08:59:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Apr 1999 13:12:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Kunzinger", "Michael", "" ], [ "Steinbauer", "Roland", "" ] ]
Impulsive pp-waves are commonly described either by a distributional spacetime metric or, alternatively, by a continuous one. The transformation $T$ relating these forms clearly has to be discontinuous, which causes two basic problems: First, it changes the manifold structure and second, the pullback of the distributional form of the metric under $T$ is not well defined within classical distribution theory. Nevertheless, from a physical point of view both pictures are equivalent. In this work, after calculating $T$ als well as the ''Rosen''-form of the metric in the general case of a pp-wave with arbitrary wave profile we give a precise meaning to the term ``physically equivalent'' by interpreting $T$ as the distributional limit of a suitably regularized sequence of diffeomorphisms. Moreover, it is shown that $T$ provides an example of a generalized coordinate transformation in the sense of Colombeau's generalized functions.