id
stringlengths
9
13
submitter
stringlengths
1
64
authors
stringlengths
5
22.9k
title
stringlengths
4
245
comments
stringlengths
1
548
journal-ref
stringlengths
4
362
doi
stringlengths
12
82
report-no
stringlengths
2
281
categories
stringclasses
793 values
license
stringclasses
9 values
orig_abstract
stringlengths
24
1.95k
versions
listlengths
1
30
update_date
stringlengths
10
10
authors_parsed
listlengths
1
1.74k
abstract
stringlengths
21
1.95k
gr-qc/0608108
Piotr T. Chru\'sciel
Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, Piotr T. Chrusciel, Julien Loizelet
Global solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations in higher dimensions
minor corrections
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 7383-7394
10.1088/0264-9381/23/24/011
AEI-2006-065
gr-qc
null
We consider the Einstein-Maxwell equations in space-dimension $n$. We point out that the Lindblad-Rodnianski stability proof applies to those equations whatever the space-dimension $n\ge 3$. In even space-time dimension $n+1\ge 6$ we use the standard conformal method on a Minkowski background to give a simple proof that the maximal globally hyperbolic development of initial data sets which are sufficiently close to the data for Minkowski space-time and which are Schwarzschildian outside of a compact set lead to geodesically complete space-times, with a complete Scri, with smooth conformal structure, and with the gravitational field approaching the Minkowski metric along null directions at least as fast as $r^{-(n-1)/2}$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Aug 2006 08:15:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 1 Nov 2006 07:25:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Choquet-Bruhat", "Yvonne", "" ], [ "Chrusciel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Loizelet", "Julien", "" ] ]
We consider the Einstein-Maxwell equations in space-dimension $n$. We point out that the Lindblad-Rodnianski stability proof applies to those equations whatever the space-dimension $n\ge 3$. In even space-time dimension $n+1\ge 6$ we use the standard conformal method on a Minkowski background to give a simple proof that the maximal globally hyperbolic development of initial data sets which are sufficiently close to the data for Minkowski space-time and which are Schwarzschildian outside of a compact set lead to geodesically complete space-times, with a complete Scri, with smooth conformal structure, and with the gravitational field approaching the Minkowski metric along null directions at least as fast as $r^{-(n-1)/2}$.
1307.1145
Helvi Witek
Helvi Witek
Black hole dynamics in generic spacetimes
PhD thesis, 191pp
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The dynamics of black hole spacetimes play a crucial role in astrophysics, high energy physics and fundamental physics. In this thesis I have investigated the dynamics of black holes in generic spacetimes by extending established numerical relativity methods to higher dimensional or non-asymptotically flat spacetimes. Additionally, I have explored BH spacetimes perturbed my massive scalar fields. By developing and further improving NR techniques I have been able to push our knowledge to new grounds.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Jul 2013 20:16:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-07-05
[ [ "Witek", "Helvi", "" ] ]
The dynamics of black hole spacetimes play a crucial role in astrophysics, high energy physics and fundamental physics. In this thesis I have investigated the dynamics of black holes in generic spacetimes by extending established numerical relativity methods to higher dimensional or non-asymptotically flat spacetimes. Additionally, I have explored BH spacetimes perturbed my massive scalar fields. By developing and further improving NR techniques I have been able to push our knowledge to new grounds.
gr-qc/0504076
Achim Kempf
S. Bachmann, A. Kempf
The Transplanckian Question and the Casimir Effect
26 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
It is known that, through inflation, Planck scale phenomena should have left an imprint in the cosmic microwave background. The magnitude of this imprint is expected to be suppressed by a factor $\sigma^n$ where $\sigma\approx 10^{-5}$ is the ratio of the Planck length to the Hubble length during inflation. While there is no consensus about the value of $n$, it is generally thought that $n$ will determine whether the imprint is observable. Here, we suggest that the magnitude of the imprint may not be suppressed by any power of $\sigma$ and that, instead, $\sigma$ may merely quantify the amount of fine tuning required to achieve an imprint of order one. To this end, we show that the UV/IR scale separation, $\sigma$, in the analogous case of the Casimir effect plays exactly this role.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Apr 2005 08:34:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Bachmann", "S.", "" ], [ "Kempf", "A.", "" ] ]
It is known that, through inflation, Planck scale phenomena should have left an imprint in the cosmic microwave background. The magnitude of this imprint is expected to be suppressed by a factor $\sigma^n$ where $\sigma\approx 10^{-5}$ is the ratio of the Planck length to the Hubble length during inflation. While there is no consensus about the value of $n$, it is generally thought that $n$ will determine whether the imprint is observable. Here, we suggest that the magnitude of the imprint may not be suppressed by any power of $\sigma$ and that, instead, $\sigma$ may merely quantify the amount of fine tuning required to achieve an imprint of order one. To this end, we show that the UV/IR scale separation, $\sigma$, in the analogous case of the Casimir effect plays exactly this role.
gr-qc/9909043
Marsha Weaver
Marsha Weaver
Dynamics of magnetic Bianchi VI_0 cosmologies
14 pages, 1 figure. Final version
Class.Quant.Grav. 17 (2000) 421-434
10.1088/0264-9381/17/2/311
AEI-1999-57
gr-qc
null
Methods of dynamical systems analysis are used to show rigorously that the presence of a magnetic field orthogonal to the two commuting Killing vector fields in any spatially homogeneous Bianchi type VI_0 vacuum solution to Einstein's equation changes the evolution toward the singularity from convergent to oscillatory. In particular, it is shown that the alpha-limit set (for time direction that puts the singularity in the past) of any of these magnetic solutions contains at least two sequential Kasner points of the BKL sequence and the orbit of the transition solution between them. One of the Kasner points in the alpha-limit set is non-flat, which leads to the result that each of these magnetic solutions has a curvature singularity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Sep 1999 18:01:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 Nov 1999 23:01:11 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Nov 1999 00:05:55 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Dec 1999 17:41:55 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Weaver", "Marsha", "" ] ]
Methods of dynamical systems analysis are used to show rigorously that the presence of a magnetic field orthogonal to the two commuting Killing vector fields in any spatially homogeneous Bianchi type VI_0 vacuum solution to Einstein's equation changes the evolution toward the singularity from convergent to oscillatory. In particular, it is shown that the alpha-limit set (for time direction that puts the singularity in the past) of any of these magnetic solutions contains at least two sequential Kasner points of the BKL sequence and the orbit of the transition solution between them. One of the Kasner points in the alpha-limit set is non-flat, which leads to the result that each of these magnetic solutions has a curvature singularity.
2304.08141
Pedro Bessa MSc.
Pedro Bessa
Strong Gravitational Lensing in Horndeski theory
10 pages, accepted for publication in PRD. Includes small corrections to the accepted that do not alter the content of the text
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.024062
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
In this paper we build the general formalism of gravitational lensing in luminal Horndeski theories, deriving the Jacobi matrix equation and the general angular diameter distance in these theories through the screen space formalism. We generalize the focusing and multiple lensing theorems to include Scalar Tensor theories belonging to the class and derive constraints they must satisfy to exhibit the same gravitional lensing behavior predicted by General Relativity. This provides a way to test theories through Strong Lensing effects, as well as a full theoretical framework for testing lensing in these theories. We find that for some subclasses, like metric $f(R)$ and unified $k$-essence, the conditions are satisified in general physical cases, while for others like Galileon Condensate models, the conditions impose constraints on the parameter space of the theory.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Apr 2023 10:46:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 Jul 2023 08:56:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-08-07
[ [ "Bessa", "Pedro", "" ] ]
In this paper we build the general formalism of gravitational lensing in luminal Horndeski theories, deriving the Jacobi matrix equation and the general angular diameter distance in these theories through the screen space formalism. We generalize the focusing and multiple lensing theorems to include Scalar Tensor theories belonging to the class and derive constraints they must satisfy to exhibit the same gravitional lensing behavior predicted by General Relativity. This provides a way to test theories through Strong Lensing effects, as well as a full theoretical framework for testing lensing in these theories. We find that for some subclasses, like metric $f(R)$ and unified $k$-essence, the conditions are satisified in general physical cases, while for others like Galileon Condensate models, the conditions impose constraints on the parameter space of the theory.
1805.11581
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration: B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, T. Adams, P. Addesso, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, B. Agarwal, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, B. Allen, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Ar`ene, N. Arnaud, K. G. Arun, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, M. Ast, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, D. V. Atallah, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, C. Aulbert, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, J. C. Batch, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. B'ecsy, C. Beer, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, M. Bensch, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. Bernuzzi, J. J. Bero, C. P. L. Berry, D. Bersanetti, A. Bertolini, J. Betzwieser, R. Bhandare, I. A. Bilenko, S. A. Bilgili, G. Billingsley, C. R. Billman, J. Birch, R. Birney, O. Birnholtz, S. Biscans, S. Biscoveanu, A. Bisht, M. Bitossi, M. A. Bizouard, J. K. Blackburn, J. Blackman, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Blair, S. Bloemen, O. Bock, N. Bode, M. Boer, Y. Boetzel, G. Bogaert, A. Bohe, F. Bondu, E. Bonilla, R. Bonnand, P. Booker, B. A. Boom, C. D. Booth, R. Bork, V. Boschi, S. Bose, K. Bossie, V. Bossilkov, J. Bosveld, Y. Bouffanais, A. Bozzi, C. Bradaschia, P. R. Brady, A. Bramley, M. Branchesi, J. E. Brau, T. Briant, F. Brighenti, A. Brillet, M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, P. Brockill, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, S. Brunett, C. C. Buchanan, A. Buikema, T. Bulik, H. J. Bulten, A. Buonanno, D. Buskulic, C. Buy, R. L. Byer, M. Cabero, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, C. Cahillane, J. Calder'on Bustillo, T. A. Callister, E. Calloni, J. B. Camp, M. Canepa, P. Canizares, K. C. Cannon, H. Cao, J. Cao, C. D. Capano, E. Capocasa, F. Carbognani, S. Caride, M. F. Carney, G. Carullo, J. Casanueva Diaz, C. Casentini, S. Caudill, M. Cavagli`a, F. Cavalier, R. Cavalieri, G. Cella, C. B. Cepeda, P. Cerd'a-Dur'an, G. Cerretani, E. Cesarini, O. Chaibi, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Chan, S. Chao, P. Charlton, E. Chase, E. Chassande-Mottin, D. Chatterjee, K. Chatziioannou, B. D. Cheeseboro, H. Y. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, H.-P. Cheng, H. Y. Chia, A. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, T. Chmiel, H. S. Cho, M. Cho, J. H. Chow, N. Christensen, Q. Chu, A. J. K. Chua, S. Chua, K. W. Chung, S. Chung, G. Ciani, A. A. Ciobanu, R. Ciolfi, F. Cipriano, C. E. Cirelli, A. Cirone, F. Clara, J. A. Clark, P. Clearwater, F. Cleva, C. Cocchieri, E. Coccia, P.-F. Cohadon, D. Cohen, A. Colla, C. G. Collette, C. Collins, L. R. Cominsky, M. Constancio Jr., L. Conti, S. J. Cooper, P. Corban, T. R. Corbitt, I. Cordero-Carri'on, K. R. Corley, N. Cornish, A. Corsi, S. Cortese, C. A. Costa, R. Cotesta, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coughlin, J.-P. Coulon, S. T. Countryman, P. Couvares, P. B. Covas, E. E. Cowan, D. M. Coward, M. J. Cowart, D. C. Coyne, R. Coyne, J. D. E. Creighton, T. D. Creighton, J. Cripe, S. G. Crowder, T. J. Cullen, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, E. Cuoco, T. Dal Canton, G. D'alya, S. L. Danilishin, S. D'Antonio, K. Danzmann, A. Dasgupta, C. F. Da Silva Costa, V. Dattilo, I. Dave, M. Davier, D. Davis, E. J. Daw, B. Day, D. DeBra, M. Deenadayalan, J. Degallaix, M. De Laurentis, S. Del'eglise, W. Del Pozzo, N. Demos, T. Denker, T. Dent, R. De Pietri, J. Derby, V. Dergachev, R. De Rosa, C. De Rossi, R. DeSalvo, O. de Varona, S. Dhurandhar, M. C. D'iaz, T. Dietrich, L. Di Fiore, M. Di Giovanni, T. Di Girolamo, A. Di Lieto, B. Ding, S. Di Pace, I. Di Palma, F. Di Renzo, A. Dmitriev, Z. Doctor, V. Dolique, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, S. Doravari, I. Dorrington, M. Dovale 'Alvarez, T. P. Downes, M. Drago, C. Dreissigacker, J. C. Driggers, Z. Du, P. Dupej, S. E. Dwyer, P. J. Easter, T. B. Edo, M. C. Edwards, A. Effler, H.-B. Eggenstein, P. Ehrens, J. Eichholz, S. S. Eikenberry, M. Eisenmann, R. A. Eisenstein, R. C. Essick, H. Estelles, D. Estevez, Z. B. Etienne, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, V. Fafone, H. Fair, S. Fairhurst, X. Fan, S. Farinon, B. Farr, W. M. Farr, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Favata, M. Fays, C. Fee, H. Fehrmann, J. Feicht, M. M. Fejer, F. Feng, A. Fernandez-Galiana, I. Ferrante, E. C. Ferreira, F. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, I. Fiori, D. Fiorucci, M. Fishbach, R. P. Fisher, J. M. Fishner, M. Fitz-Axen, R. Flaminio, M. Fletcher, H. Fong, J. A. Font, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. S. Forsyth, J.-D. Fournier, S. Frasca, F. Frasconi, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, V. Frey, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, H. A. Gabbard, B. U. Gadre, S. M. Gaebel, J. R. Gair, L. Gammaitoni, M. R. Ganija, S. G. Gaonkar, A. Garcia, C. Garc'ia-Quir'os, F. Garufi, B. Gateley, S. Gaudio, G. Gaur, V. Gayathri, G. Gemme, E. Genin, A. Gennai, D. George, J. George, L. Gergely, V. Germain, S. Ghonge, Abhirup Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S. Ghosh, B. Giacomazzo, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, A. Giazotto, K. Gill, G. Giordano, L. Glover, E. Goetz, R. Goetz, B. Goncharov, G. Gonz'alez, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, A. Gopakumar, M. L. Gorodetsky, S. E. Gossan, M. Gosselin, R. Gouaty, A. Grado, C. Graef, M. Granata, A. Grant, S. Gras, C. Gray, G. Greco, A. C. Green, R. Green, E. M. Gretarsson, P. Groot, H. Grote, S. Grunewald, P. Gruning, G. M. Guidi, H. K. Gulati, X. Guo, A. Gupta, M. K. Gupta, K. E. Gushwa, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, O. Halim, B. R. Hall, E. D. Hall, E. Z. Hamilton, H. F. Hamilton, G. Hammond, M. Haney, M. M. Hanke, J. Hanks, C. Hanna, M. D. Hannam, O. A. Hannuksela, J. Hanson, T. Hardwick, J. Harms, G. M. Harry, I. W. Harry, M. J. Hart, C.-J. Haster, K. Haughian, J. Healy, A. Heidmann, M. C. Heintze, H. Heitmann, P. Hello, G. Hemming, M. Hendry, I. S. Heng, J. Hennig, A. W. Heptonstall, F. J. Hernandez, M. Heurs, S. Hild, T. Hinderer, W. C. G. Ho, D. Hoak, S. Hochheim, D. Hofman, N. A. Holland, K. Holt, D. E. Holz, P. Hopkins, C. Horst, J. Hough, E. A. Houston, E. J. Howell, A. Hreibi, E. A. Huerta, D. Huet, B. Hughey, M. Hulko, S. Husa, S. H. Huttner, T. Huynh-Dinh, A. Iess, N. Indik, C. Ingram, R. Inta, G. Intini, B. S. Irwin, H. N. Isa, J.-M. Isac, M. Isi, B. R. Iyer, K. Izumi, T. Jacqmin, K. Jani, P. Jaranowski, D. S. Johnson, W. W. Johnson, D. I. Jones, R. Jones, R. J. G. Jonker, L. Ju, J. Junker, C. V. Kalaghatgi, V. Kalogera, B. Kamai, S. Kandhasamy, G. Kang, J. B. Kanner, S. J. Kapadia, S. Karki, K. S. Karvinen, M. Kasprzack, M. Katolik, S. Katsanevas, E. Katsavounidis, W. Katzman, S. Kaufer, K. Kawabe, N. V. Keerthana, F. K'ef'elian, D. Keitel, A. J. Kemball, R. Kennedy, J. S. Key, F. Y. Khalili, B. Khamesra, H. Khan, I. Khan, S. Khan, Z. Khan, E. A. Khazanov, N. Kijbunchoo, Chunglee Kim, J. C. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, W. S. Kim, Y.-M. Kim, E. J. King, P. J. King, M. Kinley-Hanlon, R. Kirchhoff, J. S. Kissel, L. Kleybolte, S. Klimenko, T. D. Knowles, P. Koch, S. M. Koehlenbeck, S. Koley, V. Kondrashov, A. Kontos, M. Korobko, W. Z. Korth, I. Kowalska, D. B. Kozak, C. Kr''amer, V. Kringel, B. Krishnan, A. Kr'olak, G. Kuehn, P. Kumar, R. Kumar, S. Kumar, L. Kuo, A. Kutynia, S. Kwang, B. D. Lackey, K. H. Lai, M. Landry, P. Landry, R. N. Lang, J. Lange, B. Lantz, R. K. Lanza, A. Lartaux-Vollard, P. D. Lasky, M. Laxen, A. Lazzarini, C. Lazzaro, P. Leaci, S. Leavey, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, H. W. Lee, K. Lee, J. Lehmann, A. Lenon, M. Leonardi, N. Leroy, N. Letendre, Y. Levin, J. Li, T. G. F. Li, X. Li, S. D. Linker, T. B. Littenberg, J. Liu, X. Liu, R. K. L. Lo, N. A. Lockerbie, L. T. London, A. Longo, M. Lorenzini, V. Loriette, M. Lormand, G. Losurdo, J. D. Lough, C. O. Lousto, G. Lovelace, H. L''uck, D. Lumaca, A. P. Lundgren, R. Lynch, Y. Ma, R. Macas, S. Macfoy, B. Machenschalk, M. MacInnis, D. M. Macleod, I. Maga\~na Hernandez, F. Maga\~na-Sandoval, L. Maga\~na Zertuche, R. M. Magee, E. Majorana, I. Maksimovic, N. Man, V. Mandic, V. Mangano, G. L. Mansell, M. Manske, M. Mantovani, F. Marchesoni, F. Marion, S. M'arka, Z. M'arka, C. Markakis, A. S. Markosyan, A. Markowitz, E. Maros, A. Marquina, F. Martelli, L. Martellini, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martin, D. V. Martynov, K. Mason, E. Massera, A. Masserot, T. J. Massinger, M. Masso-Reid, S. Mastrogiovanni, A. Matas, F. Matichard, L. Matone, N. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, J. J. McCann, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. McCormick, L. McCuller, S. C. McGuire, J. McIver, D. J. McManus, T. McRae, S. T. McWilliams, D. Meacher, G. D. Meadors, M. Mehmet, J. Meidam, E. Mejuto-Villa, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, D. Mendoza-Gandara, R. A. Mercer, L. Mereni, E. L. Merilh, M. Merzougui, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, C. Messick, R. Metzdorff, P. M. Meyers, H. Miao, C. Michel, H. Middleton, E. E. Mikhailov, L. Milano, A. L. Miller, A. Miller, B. B. Miller, J. Miller, M. Millhouse, J. Mills, M. C. Milovich-Goff, O. Minazzoli, Y. Minenkov, J. Ming, C. Mishra, S. Mitra, V. P. Mitrofanov, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, D. Moffa, K. Mogushi, M. Mohan, S. R. P. Mohapatra, M. Montani, C. J. Moore, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, S. Morisaki, B. Mours, C. M. Mow-Lowry, G. Mueller, A. W. Muir, Arunava Mukherjee, D. Mukherjee, S. Mukherjee, N. Mukund, A. Mullavey, J. Munch, E. A. Mu\~niz, M. Muratore, P. G. Murray, A. Nagar, K. Napier, I. Nardecchia, L. Naticchioni, R. K. Nayak, J. Neilson, G. Nelemans, T. J. N. Nelson, M. Nery, A. Neunzert, L. Nevin, J. M. Newport, K. Y. Ng, S. Ng, P. Nguyen, T. T. Nguyen, D. Nichols, A. B. Nielsen, S. Nissanke, A. Nitz, F. Nocera, D. Nolting, C. North, L. K. Nuttall, M. Obergaulinger, J. Oberling, B. D. O'Brien, G. D. O'Dea, G. H. Ogin, J. J. Oh, S. H. Oh, F. Ohme, H. Ohta, M. A. Okada, M. Oliver, P. Oppermann, Richard J. Oram, B. O'Reilly, R. Ormiston, L. F. Ortega, R. O'Shaughnessy, S. Ossokine, D. J. Ottaway, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, A. E. Pace, G. Pagano, J. Page, M. A. Page, A. Pai, S. A. Pai, J. R. Palamos, O. Palashov, C. Palomba, A. Pal-Singh, Howard Pan, Huang-Wei Pan, B. Pang, P. T. H. Pang, C. Pankow, F. Pannarale, B. C. Pant, F. Paoletti, A. Paoli, M. A. Papa, A. Parida, W. Parker, D. Pascucci, A. Pasqualetti, R. Passaquieti, D. Passuello, M. Patil, B. Patricelli, B. L. Pearlstone, C. Pedersen, M. Pedraza, R. Pedurand, L. Pekowsky, A. Pele, S. Penn, A. Perego, C. J. Perez, A. Perreca, L. M. Perri, H. P. Pfeiffer, M. Phelps, K. S. Phukon, O. J. Piccinni, M. Pichot, F. Piergiovanni, V. Pierro, G. Pillant, L. Pinard, I. M. Pinto, M. Pirello, M. Pitkin, R. Poggiani, P. Popolizio, E. K. Porter, L. Possenti, A. Post, J. Powell, J. Prasad, J. W. W. Pratt, G. Pratten, V. Predoi, T. Prestegard, M. Principe, S. Privitera, G. A. Prodi, L. G. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, M. Punturo, P. Puppo, M. P''urrer, H. Qi, V. Quetschke, E. A. Quintero, R. Quitzow-James, F. J. Raab, D. S. Rabeling, H. Radkins, P. Raffai, S. Raja, C. Rajan, B. Rajbhandari, M. Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, A. Ramos-Buades, Javed Rana, P. Rapagnani, V. Raymond, M. Razzano, J. Read, T. Regimbau, L. Rei, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, W. Ren, F. Ricci, P. M. Ricker, G. M. Riemenschneider, K. Riles, M. Rizzo, N. A. Robertson, R. Robie, F. Robinet, T. Robson, A. Rocchi, L. Rolland, J. G. Rollins, V. J. Roma, R. Romano, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, D. Rosi'nska, M. P. Ross, S. Rowan, A. R''udiger, P. Ruggi, G. Rutins, K. Ryan, S. Sachdev, T. Sadecki, M. Sakellariadou, L. Salconi, M. Saleem, F. Salemi, A. Samajdar, L. Sammut, L. M. Sampson, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, N. Sanchis-Gual, V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders, N. Sarin, B. Sassolas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, P. R. Saulson, O. Sauter, R. L. Savage, A. Sawadsky, P. Schale, M. Scheel, J. Scheuer, P. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, A. Sch''onbeck, E. Schreiber, D. Schuette, B. W. Schulte, B. F. Schutz, S. G. Schwalbe, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, E. Seidel, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, D. Sentenac, V. Sequino, A. Sergeev, Y. Setyawati, D. A. Shaddock, T. J. Shaffer, A. A. Shah, M. S. Shahriar, M. B. Shaner, L. Shao, B. Shapiro, P. Shawhan, H. Shen, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Shoemaker, K. Siellez, X. Siemens, M. Sieniawska, D. Sigg, A. D. Silva, L. P. Singer, A. Singh, A. Singhal, A. M. Sintes, B. J. J. Slagmolen, T. J. Slaven-Blair, B. Smith, J. R. Smith, R. J. E. Smith, S. Somala, E. J. Son, B. Sorazu, F. Sorrentino, T. Souradeep, A. P. Spencer, A. K. Srivastava, K. Staats, M. Steinke, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, D. Steinmeyer, B. Steltner, S. P. Stevenson, D. Stocks, R. Stone, D. J. Stops, K. A. Strain, G. Stratta, S. E. Strigin, A. Strunk, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, T. Z. Summerscales, L. Sun, S. Sunil, J. Suresh, P. J. Sutton, B. L. Swinkels, M. J. Szczepa'nczyk, M. Tacca, S. C. Tait, C. Talbot, D. Talukder, D. B. Tanner, M. T'apai, A. Taracchini, J. D. Tasson, J. A. Taylor, R. Taylor, S. V. Tewari, T. Theeg, F. Thies, E. G. Thomas, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, E. Thrane, S. Tiwari, V. Tiwari, K. V. Tokmakov, K. Toland, M. Tonelli, Z. Tornasi, A. Torres-Forn'e, C. I. Torrie, D. T''oyr''a, F. Travasso, G. Traylor, J. Trinastic, M. C. Tringali, A. Trovato, L. Trozzo, K. W. Tsang, M. Tse, R. Tso, D. Tsuna, L. Tsukada, D. Tuyenbayev, K. Ueno, D. Ugolini, A. L. Urban, S. A. Usman, H. Vahlbruch, G. Vajente, G. Valdes, N. van Bakel, M. van Beuzekom, J. F. J. van den Brand, C. Van Den Broeck, D. C. Vander-Hyde, L. van der Schaaf, J. V. van Heijningen, A. A. van Veggel, M. Vardaro, V. Varma, S. Vass, M. Vas'uth, A. Vecchio, G. Vedovato, J. Veitch, P. J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, G. Venugopalan, D. Verkindt, F. Vetrano, A. Vicer'e, A. D. Viets, S. Vinciguerra, D. J. Vine, J.-Y. Vinet, S. Vitale, T. Vo, H. Vocca, C. Vorvick, S. P. Vyatchanin, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Wade, R. Walet, M. Walker, L. Wallace, S. Walsh, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. Z. Wang, W. H. Wang, Y. F. Wang, R. L. Ward, J. Warner, M. Was, J. Watchi, B. Weaver, L.-W. Wei, M. Weinert, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, F. Wellmann, L. Wen, E. K. Wessel, P. Wessels, J. Westerweck, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, B. F. Whiting, C. Whittle, D. Wilken, D. Williams, R. D. Williams, A. R. Williamson, J. L. Willis, B. Willke, M. H. Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, J. Woehler, J. K. Wofford, W. K. Wong, J. Worden, J. L. Wright, D. S. Wu, D. M. Wysocki, S. Xiao, W. Yam, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, M. Yvert, A. Zadro.zny, M. Zanolin, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, M. Zhang, T. Zhang, Y.-H. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, S. J. Zhu, X. J. Zhu, A. B. Zimmerman, Y. Zlochower, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig
GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State
10 pages, 3 figures; v2 matches published version; data associated with the figures can be found at https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-P1800115/public
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 161101 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.161101
LIGO-P1800115
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii. Here, we expand upon previous analyses by working under the hypothesis that both bodies were neutron stars that are described by the same equation of state and have spins within the range observed in Galactic binary neutron stars. Our analysis employs two methods: the use of equation-of-state-insensitive relations between various macroscopic properties of the neutron stars and the use of an efficient parametrization of the defining function $p(\rho)$ of the equation of state itself. From the LIGO and Virgo data alone and the first method, we measure the two neutron star radii as $R_1=10.8^{+2.0}_{-1.7}$ km for the heavier star and $R_2= 10.7^{+2.1}_{-1.5}$ km for the lighter star at the 90% credible level. If we additionally require that the equation of state supports neutron stars with masses larger than $1.97 \,M_\odot$ as required from electromagnetic observations and employ the equation-of-state parametrization, we further constrain $R_1= 11.9^{+1.4}_{-1.4}$ km and $R_2= 11.9^{+1.4}_{-1.4}$ km at the 90% credible level. Finally, we obtain constraints on $p(\rho)$ at supranuclear densities, with pressure at twice nuclear saturation density measured at $3.5^{+2.7}_{-1.7}\times 10^{34} \,\mathrm{dyn}/\mathrm{cm}^{2}$ at the 90% level.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 May 2018 16:56:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Oct 2018 17:59:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-16
[ [ "The LIGO Scientific Collaboration", "", "" ], [ "the Virgo Collaboration", "", "" ], [ "Abbott", "B. P.", "" ], [ "Abbott", "R.", "" ], [ "Abbott", "T. D.", "" ], [ "Acernese", "F.", "" ], [ "Ackley", "K.", "" ], [ "Adams", "C.", "" ], [ "Adams", "T.", "" ], [ "Addesso", "P.", "" ], [ "Adhikari", "R. X.", "" ], [ "Adya", "V. B.", "" ], [ "Affeldt", "C.", "" ], [ "Agarwal", "B.", "" ], [ "Agathos", "M.", "" ], [ "Agatsuma", "K.", "" ], [ "Aggarwal", "N.", "" ], [ "Aguiar", "O. D.", "" ], [ "Aiello", "L.", "" ], [ "Ain", "A.", "" ], [ "Ajith", "P.", "" ], [ "Allen", "B.", "" ], [ "Allen", "G.", "" ], [ "Allocca", "A.", "" ], [ "Aloy", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Altin", "P. A.", "" ], [ "Amato", "A.", "" ], [ "Ananyeva", "A.", "" ], [ "Anderson", "S. B.", "" ], [ "Anderson", "W. G.", "" ], [ "Angelova", "S. V.", "" ], [ "Antier", "S.", "" ], [ "Appert", "S.", "" ], [ "Arai", "K.", "" ], [ "Araya", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Areeda", "J. S.", "" ], [ "Ar`ene", "M.", "" ], [ "Arnaud", "N.", "" ], [ "Arun", "K. G.", "" ], [ "Ascenzi", "S.", "" ], [ "Ashton", "G.", "" ], [ "Ast", "M.", "" ], [ "Aston", "S. M.", "" ], [ "Astone", "P.", "" ], [ "Atallah", "D. V.", "" ], [ "Aubin", "F.", "" ], [ "Aufmuth", "P.", "" ], [ "Aulbert", "C.", "" ], [ "AultONeal", "K.", "" ], [ "Austin", "C.", "" ], [ "Avila-Alvarez", "A.", "" ], [ "Babak", "S.", "" ], [ "Bacon", "P.", "" ], [ "Badaracco", "F.", "" ], [ "Bader", "M. K. M.", "" ], [ "Bae", "S.", "" ], [ "Baker", "P. T.", "" ], [ "Baldaccini", "F.", "" ], [ "Ballardin", "G.", "" ], [ "Ballmer", "S. W.", "" ], [ "Banagiri", "S.", "" ], [ "Barayoga", "J. C.", "" ], [ "Barclay", "S. E.", "" ], [ "Barish", "B. C.", "" ], [ "Barker", "D.", "" ], [ "Barkett", "K.", "" ], [ "Barnum", "S.", "" ], [ "Barone", "F.", "" ], [ "Barr", "B.", "" ], [ "Barsotti", "L.", "" ], [ "Barsuglia", "M.", "" ], [ "Barta", "D.", "" ], [ "Bartlett", "J.", "" ], [ "Bartos", "I.", "" ], [ "Bassiri", "R.", "" ], [ "Basti", "A.", "" ], [ "Batch", "J. C.", "" ], [ "Bawaj", "M.", "" ], [ "Bayley", "J. C.", "" ], [ "Bazzan", "M.", "" ], [ "B'ecsy", "B.", "" ], [ "Beer", "C.", "" ], [ "Bejger", "M.", "" ], [ "Belahcene", "I.", "" ], [ "Bell", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Beniwal", "D.", "" ], [ "Bensch", "M.", "" ], [ "Berger", "B. K.", "" ], [ "Bergmann", "G.", "" ], [ "Bernuzzi", "S.", "" ], [ "Bero", "J. J.", "" ], [ "Berry", "C. P. L.", "" ], [ "Bersanetti", "D.", "" ], [ "Bertolini", "A.", "" ], [ "Betzwieser", "J.", "" ], [ "Bhandare", "R.", "" ], [ "Bilenko", "I. A.", "" ], [ "Bilgili", "S. A.", "" ], [ "Billingsley", "G.", "" ], [ "Billman", "C. R.", "" ], [ "Birch", "J.", "" ], [ "Birney", "R.", "" ], [ "Birnholtz", "O.", "" ], [ "Biscans", "S.", "" ], [ "Biscoveanu", "S.", "" ], [ "Bisht", "A.", "" ], [ "Bitossi", "M.", "" ], [ "Bizouard", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Blackburn", "J. K.", "" ], [ "Blackman", "J.", "" ], [ "Blair", "C. D.", "" ], [ "Blair", "D. G.", "" ], [ "Blair", "R. M.", "" ], [ "Bloemen", "S.", "" ], [ "Bock", "O.", "" ], [ "Bode", "N.", "" ], [ "Boer", "M.", "" ], [ "Boetzel", "Y.", "" ], [ "Bogaert", "G.", "" ], [ "Bohe", "A.", "" ], [ "Bondu", "F.", "" ], [ "Bonilla", "E.", "" ], [ "Bonnand", "R.", "" ], [ "Booker", "P.", "" ], [ "Boom", "B. A.", "" ], [ "Booth", "C. D.", "" ], [ "Bork", "R.", "" ], [ "Boschi", "V.", "" ], [ "Bose", "S.", "" ], [ "Bossie", "K.", "" ], [ "Bossilkov", "V.", "" ], [ "Bosveld", "J.", "" ], [ "Bouffanais", "Y.", "" ], [ "Bozzi", "A.", "" ], [ "Bradaschia", "C.", "" ], [ "Brady", "P. R.", "" ], [ "Bramley", "A.", "" ], [ "Branchesi", "M.", "" ], [ "Brau", "J. E.", "" ], [ "Briant", "T.", "" ], [ "Brighenti", "F.", "" ], [ "Brillet", "A.", "" ], [ "Brinkmann", "M.", "" ], [ "Brisson", "V.", "" ], [ "Brockill", "P.", "" ], [ "Brooks", "A. F.", "" ], [ "Brown", "D. D.", "" ], [ "Brunett", "S.", "" ], [ "Buchanan", "C. C.", "" ], [ "Buikema", "A.", "" ], [ "Bulik", "T.", "" ], [ "Bulten", "H. J.", "" ], [ "Buonanno", "A.", "" ], [ "Buskulic", "D.", "" ], [ "Buy", "C.", "" ], [ "Byer", "R. L.", "" ], [ "Cabero", "M.", "" ], [ "Cadonati", "L.", "" ], [ "Cagnoli", "G.", "" ], [ "Cahillane", "C.", "" ], [ "Bustillo", "J. Calder'on", "" ], [ "Callister", "T. A.", "" ], [ "Calloni", "E.", "" ], [ "Camp", "J. B.", "" ], [ "Canepa", "M.", "" ], [ "Canizares", "P.", "" ], [ "Cannon", "K. C.", "" ], [ "Cao", "H.", "" ], [ "Cao", "J.", "" ], [ "Capano", "C. D.", "" ], [ "Capocasa", "E.", "" ], [ "Carbognani", "F.", "" ], [ "Caride", "S.", "" ], [ "Carney", "M. F.", "" ], [ "Carullo", "G.", "" ], [ "Diaz", "J. Casanueva", "" ], [ "Casentini", "C.", "" ], [ "Caudill", "S.", "" ], [ "Cavagli`a", "M.", "" ], [ "Cavalier", "F.", "" ], [ "Cavalieri", "R.", "" ], [ "Cella", "G.", "" ], [ "Cepeda", "C. B.", "" ], [ "Cerd'a-Dur'an", "P.", "" ], [ "Cerretani", "G.", "" ], [ "Cesarini", "E.", "" ], [ "Chaibi", "O.", "" ], [ "Chamberlin", "S. J.", "" ], [ "Chan", "M.", "" ], [ "Chao", "S.", "" ], [ "Charlton", "P.", "" ], [ "Chase", "E.", "" ], [ "Chassande-Mottin", "E.", "" ], [ "Chatterjee", "D.", "" ], [ "Chatziioannou", "K.", "" ], [ "Cheeseboro", "B. D.", "" ], [ "Chen", "H. Y.", "" ], [ "Chen", "X.", "" ], [ "Chen", "Y.", "" ], [ "Cheng", "H. -P.", "" ], [ "Chia", "H. Y.", "" ], [ "Chincarini", "A.", "" ], [ "Chiummo", "A.", "" ], [ "Chmiel", "T.", "" ], [ "Cho", "H. S.", "" ], [ "Cho", "M.", "" ], [ "Chow", "J. H.", "" ], [ "Christensen", "N.", "" ], [ "Chu", "Q.", "" ], [ "Chua", "A. J. K.", "" ], [ "Chua", "S.", "" ], [ "Chung", "K. W.", "" ], [ "Chung", "S.", "" ], [ "Ciani", "G.", "" ], [ "Ciobanu", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Ciolfi", "R.", "" ], [ "Cipriano", "F.", "" ], [ "Cirelli", "C. E.", "" ], [ "Cirone", "A.", "" ], [ "Clara", "F.", "" ], [ "Clark", "J. A.", "" ], [ "Clearwater", "P.", "" ], [ "Cleva", "F.", "" ], [ "Cocchieri", "C.", "" ], [ "Coccia", "E.", "" ], [ "Cohadon", "P. -F.", "" ], [ "Cohen", "D.", "" ], [ "Colla", "A.", "" ], [ "Collette", "C. G.", "" ], [ "Collins", "C.", "" ], [ "Cominsky", "L. R.", "" ], [ "Constancio", "M.", "Jr." ], [ "Conti", "L.", "" ], [ "Cooper", "S. J.", "" ], [ "Corban", "P.", "" ], [ "Corbitt", "T. R.", "" ], [ "Cordero-Carri'on", "I.", "" ], [ "Corley", "K. R.", "" ], [ "Cornish", "N.", "" ], [ "Corsi", "A.", "" ], [ "Cortese", "S.", "" ], [ "Costa", "C. A.", "" ], [ "Cotesta", "R.", "" ], [ "Coughlin", "M. W.", "" ], [ "Coughlin", "S. B.", "" ], [ "Coulon", "J. -P.", "" ], [ "Countryman", "S. T.", "" ], [ "Couvares", "P.", "" ], [ "Covas", "P. B.", "" ], [ "Cowan", "E. E.", "" ], [ "Coward", "D. M.", "" ], [ "Cowart", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Coyne", "D. C.", "" ], [ "Coyne", "R.", "" ], [ "Creighton", "J. D. E.", "" ], [ "Creighton", "T. D.", "" ], [ "Cripe", "J.", "" ], [ "Crowder", "S. G.", "" ], [ "Cullen", "T. J.", "" ], [ "Cumming", "A.", "" ], [ "Cunningham", "L.", "" ], [ "Cuoco", "E.", "" ], [ "Canton", "T. Dal", "" ], [ "D'alya", "G.", "" ], [ "Danilishin", "S. L.", "" ], [ "D'Antonio", "S.", "" ], [ "Danzmann", "K.", "" ], [ "Dasgupta", "A.", "" ], [ "Costa", "C. F. Da Silva", "" ], [ "Dattilo", "V.", "" ], [ "Dave", "I.", "" ], [ "Davier", "M.", "" ], [ "Davis", "D.", "" ], [ "Daw", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Day", "B.", "" ], [ "DeBra", "D.", "" ], [ "Deenadayalan", "M.", "" ], [ "Degallaix", "J.", "" ], [ "De Laurentis", "M.", "" ], [ "Del'eglise", "S.", "" ], [ "Del Pozzo", "W.", "" ], [ "Demos", "N.", "" ], [ "Denker", "T.", "" ], [ "Dent", "T.", "" ], [ "De Pietri", "R.", "" ], [ "Derby", "J.", "" ], [ "Dergachev", "V.", "" ], [ "De Rosa", "R.", "" ], [ "De Rossi", "C.", "" ], [ "DeSalvo", "R.", "" ], [ "de Varona", "O.", "" ], [ "Dhurandhar", "S.", "" ], [ "D'iaz", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Dietrich", "T.", "" ], [ "Di Fiore", "L.", "" ], [ "Di Giovanni", "M.", "" ], [ "Di Girolamo", "T.", "" ], [ "Di Lieto", "A.", "" ], [ "Ding", "B.", "" ], [ "Di Pace", "S.", "" ], [ "Di Palma", "I.", "" ], [ "Di Renzo", "F.", "" ], [ "Dmitriev", "A.", "" ], [ "Doctor", "Z.", "" ], [ "Dolique", "V.", "" ], [ "Donovan", "F.", "" ], [ "Dooley", "K. L.", "" ], [ "Doravari", "S.", "" ], [ "Dorrington", "I.", "" ], [ "'Alvarez", "M. Dovale", "" ], [ "Downes", "T. P.", "" ], [ "Drago", "M.", "" ], [ "Dreissigacker", "C.", "" ], [ "Driggers", "J. C.", "" ], [ "Du", "Z.", "" ], [ "Dupej", "P.", "" ], [ "Dwyer", "S. E.", "" ], [ "Easter", "P. J.", "" ], [ "Edo", "T. B.", "" ], [ "Edwards", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Effler", "A.", "" ], [ "Eggenstein", "H. -B.", "" ], [ "Ehrens", "P.", "" ], [ "Eichholz", "J.", "" ], [ "Eikenberry", "S. S.", "" ], [ "Eisenmann", "M.", "" ], [ "Eisenstein", "R. A.", "" ], [ "Essick", "R. C.", "" ], [ "Estelles", "H.", "" ], [ "Estevez", "D.", "" ], [ "Etienne", "Z. B.", "" ], [ "Etzel", "T.", "" ], [ "Evans", "M.", "" ], [ "Evans", "T. M.", "" ], [ "Fafone", "V.", "" ], [ "Fair", "H.", "" ], [ "Fairhurst", "S.", "" ], [ "Fan", "X.", "" ], [ "Farinon", "S.", "" ], [ "Farr", "B.", "" ], [ "Farr", "W. M.", "" ], [ "Fauchon-Jones", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Favata", "M.", "" ], [ "Fays", "M.", "" ], [ "Fee", "C.", "" ], [ "Fehrmann", "H.", "" ], [ "Feicht", "J.", "" ], [ "Fejer", "M. M.", "" ], [ "Feng", "F.", "" ], [ "Fernandez-Galiana", "A.", "" ], [ "Ferrante", "I.", "" ], [ "Ferreira", "E. C.", "" ], [ "Ferrini", "F.", "" ], [ "Fidecaro", "F.", "" ], [ "Fiori", "I.", "" ], [ "Fiorucci", "D.", "" ], [ "Fishbach", "M.", "" ], [ "Fisher", "R. P.", "" ], [ "Fishner", "J. M.", "" ], [ "Fitz-Axen", "M.", "" ], [ "Flaminio", "R.", "" ], [ "Fletcher", "M.", "" ], [ "Fong", "H.", "" ], [ "Font", "J. A.", "" ], [ "Forsyth", "P. W. F.", "" ], [ "Forsyth", "S. S.", "" ], [ "Fournier", "J. -D.", "" ], [ "Frasca", "S.", "" ], [ "Frasconi", "F.", "" ], [ "Frei", "Z.", "" ], [ "Freise", "A.", "" ], [ "Frey", "R.", "" ], [ "Frey", "V.", "" ], [ "Fritschel", "P.", "" ], [ "Frolov", "V. V.", "" ], [ "Fulda", "P.", "" ], [ "Fyffe", "M.", "" ], [ "Gabbard", "H. A.", "" ], [ "Gadre", "B. U.", "" ], [ "Gaebel", "S. M.", "" ], [ "Gair", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Gammaitoni", "L.", "" ], [ "Ganija", "M. R.", "" ], [ "Gaonkar", "S. G.", "" ], [ "Garcia", "A.", "" ], [ "Garc'ia-Quir'os", "C.", "" ], [ "Garufi", "F.", "" ], [ "Gateley", "B.", "" ], [ "Gaudio", "S.", "" ], [ "Gaur", "G.", "" ], [ "Gayathri", "V.", "" ], [ "Gemme", "G.", "" ], [ "Genin", "E.", "" ], [ "Gennai", "A.", "" ], [ "George", "D.", "" ], [ "George", "J.", "" ], [ "Gergely", "L.", "" ], [ "Germain", "V.", "" ], [ "Ghonge", "S.", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Abhirup", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Archisman", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "S.", "" ], [ "Giacomazzo", "B.", "" ], [ "Giaime", "J. A.", "" ], [ "Giardina", "K. D.", "" ], [ "Giazotto", "A.", "" ], [ "Gill", "K.", "" ], [ "Giordano", "G.", "" ], [ "Glover", "L.", "" ], [ "Goetz", "E.", "" ], [ "Goetz", "R.", "" ], [ "Goncharov", "B.", "" ], [ "Gonz'alez", "G.", "" ], [ "Castro", "J. M. Gonzalez", "" ], [ "Gopakumar", "A.", "" ], [ "Gorodetsky", "M. L.", "" ], [ "Gossan", "S. E.", "" ], [ "Gosselin", "M.", "" ], [ "Gouaty", "R.", "" ], [ "Grado", "A.", "" ], [ "Graef", "C.", "" ], [ "Granata", "M.", "" ], [ "Grant", "A.", "" ], [ "Gras", "S.", "" ], [ "Gray", "C.", "" ], [ "Greco", "G.", "" ], [ "Green", "A. C.", "" ], [ "Green", "R.", "" ], [ "Gretarsson", "E. M.", "" ], [ "Groot", "P.", "" ], [ "Grote", "H.", "" ], [ "Grunewald", "S.", "" ], [ "Gruning", "P.", "" ], [ "Guidi", "G. M.", "" ], [ "Gulati", "H. K.", "" ], [ "Guo", "X.", "" ], [ "Gupta", "A.", "" ], [ "Gupta", "M. K.", "" ], [ "Gushwa", "K. E.", "" ], [ "Gustafson", "E. K.", "" ], [ "Gustafson", "R.", "" ], [ "Halim", "O.", "" ], [ "Hall", "B. R.", "" ], [ "Hall", "E. D.", "" ], [ "Hamilton", "E. Z.", "" ], [ "Hamilton", "H. F.", "" ], [ "Hammond", "G.", "" ], [ "Haney", "M.", "" ], [ "Hanke", "M. M.", "" ], [ "Hanks", "J.", "" ], [ "Hanna", "C.", "" ], [ "Hannam", "M. D.", "" ], [ "Hannuksela", "O. A.", "" ], [ "Hanson", "J.", "" ], [ "Hardwick", "T.", "" ], [ "Harms", "J.", "" ], [ "Harry", "G. M.", "" ], [ "Harry", "I. W.", "" ], [ "Hart", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Haster", "C. -J.", "" ], [ "Haughian", "K.", "" ], [ "Healy", "J.", "" ], [ "Heidmann", "A.", "" ], [ "Heintze", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Heitmann", "H.", "" ], [ "Hello", "P.", "" ], [ "Hemming", "G.", "" ], [ "Hendry", "M.", "" ], [ "Heng", "I. S.", "" ], [ "Hennig", "J.", "" ], [ "Heptonstall", "A. W.", "" ], [ "Hernandez", "F. J.", "" ], [ "Heurs", "M.", "" ], [ "Hild", "S.", "" ], [ "Hinderer", "T.", "" ], [ "Ho", "W. C. G.", "" ], [ "Hoak", "D.", "" ], [ "Hochheim", "S.", "" ], [ "Hofman", "D.", "" ], [ "Holland", "N. A.", "" ], [ "Holt", "K.", "" ], [ "Holz", "D. E.", "" ], [ "Hopkins", "P.", "" ], [ "Horst", "C.", "" ], [ "Hough", "J.", "" ], [ "Houston", "E. A.", "" ], [ "Howell", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Hreibi", "A.", "" ], [ "Huerta", "E. A.", "" ], [ "Huet", "D.", "" ], [ "Hughey", "B.", "" ], [ "Hulko", "M.", "" ], [ "Husa", "S.", "" ], [ "Huttner", "S. H.", "" ], [ "Huynh-Dinh", "T.", "" ], [ "Iess", "A.", "" ], [ "Indik", "N.", "" ], [ "Ingram", "C.", "" ], [ "Inta", "R.", "" ], [ "Intini", "G.", "" ], [ "Irwin", "B. S.", "" ], [ "Isa", "H. N.", "" ], [ "Isac", "J. -M.", "" ], [ "Isi", "M.", "" ], [ "Iyer", "B. R.", "" ], [ "Izumi", "K.", "" ], [ "Jacqmin", "T.", "" ], [ "Jani", "K.", "" ], [ "Jaranowski", "P.", "" ], [ "Johnson", "D. S.", "" ], [ "Johnson", "W. W.", "" ], [ "Jones", "D. I.", "" ], [ "Jones", "R.", "" ], [ "Jonker", "R. J. G.", "" ], [ "Ju", "L.", "" ], [ "Junker", "J.", "" ], [ "Kalaghatgi", "C. V.", "" ], [ "Kalogera", "V.", "" ], [ "Kamai", "B.", "" ], [ "Kandhasamy", "S.", "" ], [ "Kang", "G.", "" ], [ "Kanner", "J. B.", "" ], [ "Kapadia", "S. J.", "" ], [ "Karki", "S.", "" ], [ "Karvinen", "K. S.", "" ], [ "Kasprzack", "M.", "" ], [ "Katolik", "M.", "" ], [ "Katsanevas", "S.", "" ], [ "Katsavounidis", "E.", "" ], [ "Katzman", "W.", "" ], [ "Kaufer", "S.", "" ], [ "Kawabe", "K.", "" ], [ "Keerthana", "N. V.", "" ], [ "K'ef'elian", "F.", "" ], [ "Keitel", "D.", "" ], [ "Kemball", "A. J.", "" ], [ "Kennedy", "R.", "" ], [ "Key", "J. S.", "" ], [ "Khalili", "F. Y.", "" ], [ "Khamesra", "B.", "" ], [ "Khan", "H.", "" ], [ "Khan", "I.", "" ], [ "Khan", "S.", "" ], [ "Khan", "Z.", "" ], [ "Khazanov", "E. A.", "" ], [ "Kijbunchoo", "N.", "" ], [ "Kim", "Chunglee", "" ], [ "Kim", "J. C.", "" ], [ "Kim", "K.", "" ], [ "Kim", "W.", "" ], [ "Kim", "W. S.", "" ], [ "Kim", "Y. -M.", "" ], [ "King", "E. J.", "" ], [ "King", "P. J.", "" ], [ "Kinley-Hanlon", "M.", "" ], [ "Kirchhoff", "R.", "" ], [ "Kissel", "J. S.", "" ], [ "Kleybolte", "L.", "" ], [ "Klimenko", "S.", "" ], [ "Knowles", "T. D.", "" ], [ "Koch", "P.", "" ], [ "Koehlenbeck", "S. M.", "" ], [ "Koley", "S.", "" ], [ "Kondrashov", "V.", "" ], [ "Kontos", "A.", "" ], [ "Korobko", "M.", "" ], [ "Korth", "W. Z.", "" ], [ "Kowalska", "I.", "" ], [ "Kozak", "D. B.", "" ], [ "Kr''amer", "C.", "" ], [ "Kringel", "V.", "" ], [ "Krishnan", "B.", "" ], [ "Kr'olak", "A.", "" ], [ "Kuehn", "G.", "" ], [ "Kumar", "P.", "" ], [ "Kumar", "R.", "" ], [ "Kumar", "S.", "" ], [ "Kuo", "L.", "" ], [ "Kutynia", "A.", "" ], [ "Kwang", "S.", "" ], [ "Lackey", "B. D.", "" ], [ "Lai", "K. H.", "" ], [ "Landry", "M.", "" ], [ "Landry", "P.", "" ], [ "Lang", "R. N.", "" ], [ "Lange", "J.", "" ], [ "Lantz", "B.", "" ], [ "Lanza", "R. K.", "" ], [ "Lartaux-Vollard", "A.", "" ], [ "Lasky", "P. D.", "" ], [ "Laxen", "M.", "" ], [ "Lazzarini", "A.", "" ], [ "Lazzaro", "C.", "" ], [ "Leaci", "P.", "" ], [ "Leavey", "S.", "" ], [ "Lee", "C. H.", "" ], [ "Lee", "H. K.", "" ], [ "Lee", "H. M.", "" ], [ "Lee", "H. W.", "" ], [ "Lee", "K.", "" ], [ "Lehmann", "J.", "" ], [ "Lenon", "A.", "" ], [ "Leonardi", "M.", "" ], [ "Leroy", "N.", "" ], [ "Letendre", "N.", "" ], [ "Levin", "Y.", "" ], [ "Li", "J.", "" ], [ "Li", "T. G. F.", "" ], [ "Li", "X.", "" ], [ "Linker", "S. D.", "" ], [ "Littenberg", "T. B.", "" ], [ "Liu", "J.", "" ], [ "Liu", "X.", "" ], [ "Lo", "R. K. L.", "" ], [ "Lockerbie", "N. A.", "" ], [ "London", "L. T.", "" ], [ "Longo", "A.", "" ], [ "Lorenzini", "M.", "" ], [ "Loriette", "V.", "" ], [ "Lormand", "M.", "" ], [ "Losurdo", "G.", "" ], [ "Lough", "J. D.", "" ], [ "Lousto", "C. O.", "" ], [ "Lovelace", "G.", "" ], [ "L''uck", "H.", "" ], [ "Lumaca", "D.", "" ], [ "Lundgren", "A. P.", "" ], [ "Lynch", "R.", "" ], [ "Ma", "Y.", "" ], [ "Macas", "R.", "" ], [ "Macfoy", "S.", "" ], [ "Machenschalk", "B.", "" ], [ "MacInnis", "M.", "" ], [ "Macleod", "D. M.", "" ], [ "Hernandez", "I. Magaña", "" ], [ "Magaña-Sandoval", "F.", "" ], [ "Zertuche", "L. Magaña", "" ], [ "Magee", "R. M.", "" ], [ "Majorana", "E.", "" ], [ "Maksimovic", "I.", "" ], [ "Man", "N.", "" ], [ "Mandic", "V.", "" ], [ "Mangano", "V.", "" ], [ "Mansell", "G. L.", "" ], [ "Manske", "M.", "" ], [ "Mantovani", "M.", "" ], [ "Marchesoni", "F.", "" ], [ "Marion", "F.", "" ], [ "M'arka", "S.", "" ], [ "M'arka", "Z.", "" ], [ "Markakis", "C.", "" ], [ "Markosyan", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Markowitz", "A.", "" ], [ "Maros", "E.", "" ], [ "Marquina", "A.", "" ], [ "Martelli", "F.", "" ], [ "Martellini", "L.", "" ], [ "Martin", "I. W.", "" ], [ "Martin", "R. M.", "" ], [ "Martynov", "D. V.", "" ], [ "Mason", "K.", "" ], [ "Massera", "E.", "" ], [ "Masserot", "A.", "" ], [ "Massinger", "T. J.", "" ], [ "Masso-Reid", "M.", "" ], [ "Mastrogiovanni", "S.", "" ], [ "Matas", "A.", "" ], [ "Matichard", "F.", "" ], [ "Matone", "L.", "" ], [ "Mavalvala", "N.", "" ], [ "Mazumder", "N.", "" ], [ "McCann", "J. J.", "" ], [ "McCarthy", "R.", "" ], [ "McClelland", "D. E.", "" ], [ "McCormick", "S.", "" ], [ "McCuller", "L.", "" ], [ "McGuire", "S. C.", "" ], [ "McIver", "J.", "" ], [ "McManus", "D. J.", "" ], [ "McRae", "T.", "" ], [ "McWilliams", "S. T.", "" ], [ "Meacher", "D.", "" ], [ "Meadors", "G. D.", "" ], [ "Mehmet", "M.", "" ], [ "Meidam", "J.", "" ], [ "Mejuto-Villa", "E.", "" ], [ "Melatos", "A.", "" ], [ "Mendell", "G.", "" ], [ "Mendoza-Gandara", "D.", "" ], [ "Mercer", "R. A.", "" ], [ "Mereni", "L.", "" ], [ "Merilh", "E. L.", "" ], [ "Merzougui", "M.", "" ], [ "Meshkov", "S.", "" ], [ "Messenger", "C.", "" ], [ "Messick", "C.", "" ], [ "Metzdorff", "R.", "" ], [ "Meyers", "P. M.", "" ], [ "Miao", "H.", "" ], [ "Michel", "C.", "" ], [ "Middleton", "H.", "" ], [ "Mikhailov", "E. E.", "" ], [ "Milano", "L.", "" ], [ "Miller", "A. L.", "" ], [ "Miller", "A.", "" ], [ "Miller", "B. B.", "" ], [ "Miller", "J.", "" ], [ "Millhouse", "M.", "" ], [ "Mills", "J.", "" ], [ "Milovich-Goff", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Minazzoli", "O.", "" ], [ "Minenkov", "Y.", "" ], [ "Ming", "J.", "" ], [ "Mishra", "C.", "" ], [ "Mitra", "S.", "" ], [ "Mitrofanov", "V. P.", "" ], [ "Mitselmakher", "G.", "" ], [ "Mittleman", "R.", "" ], [ "Moffa", "D.", "" ], [ "Mogushi", "K.", "" ], [ "Mohan", "M.", "" ], [ "Mohapatra", "S. R. P.", "" ], [ "Montani", "M.", "" ], [ "Moore", "C. J.", "" ], [ "Moraru", "D.", "" ], [ "Moreno", "G.", "" ], [ "Morisaki", "S.", "" ], [ "Mours", "B.", "" ], [ "Mow-Lowry", "C. M.", "" ], [ "Mueller", "G.", "" ], [ "Muir", "A. W.", "" ], [ "Mukherjee", "Arunava", "" ], [ "Mukherjee", "D.", "" ], [ "Mukherjee", "S.", "" ], [ "Mukund", "N.", "" ], [ "Mullavey", "A.", "" ], [ "Munch", "J.", "" ], [ "Muñiz", "E. A.", "" ], [ "Muratore", "M.", "" ], [ "Murray", "P. G.", "" ], [ "Nagar", "A.", "" ], [ "Napier", "K.", "" ], [ "Nardecchia", "I.", "" ], [ "Naticchioni", "L.", "" ], [ "Nayak", "R. K.", "" ], [ "Neilson", "J.", "" ], [ "Nelemans", "G.", "" ], [ "Nelson", "T. J. N.", "" ], [ "Nery", "M.", "" ], [ "Neunzert", "A.", "" ], [ "Nevin", "L.", "" ], [ "Newport", "J. M.", "" ], [ "Ng", "K. Y.", "" ], [ "Ng", "S.", "" ], [ "Nguyen", "P.", "" ], [ "Nguyen", "T. T.", "" ], [ "Nichols", "D.", "" ], [ "Nielsen", "A. B.", "" ], [ "Nissanke", "S.", "" ], [ "Nitz", "A.", "" ], [ "Nocera", "F.", "" ], [ "Nolting", "D.", "" ], [ "North", "C.", "" ], [ "Nuttall", "L. K.", "" ], [ "Obergaulinger", "M.", "" ], [ "Oberling", "J.", "" ], [ "O'Brien", "B. D.", "" ], [ "O'Dea", "G. D.", "" ], [ "Ogin", "G. H.", "" ], [ "Oh", "J. J.", "" ], [ "Oh", "S. H.", "" ], [ "Ohme", "F.", "" ], [ "Ohta", "H.", "" ], [ "Okada", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Oliver", "M.", "" ], [ "Oppermann", "P.", "" ], [ "Oram", "Richard J.", "" ], [ "O'Reilly", "B.", "" ], [ "Ormiston", "R.", "" ], [ "Ortega", "L. F.", "" ], [ "O'Shaughnessy", "R.", "" ], [ "Ossokine", "S.", "" ], [ "Ottaway", "D. J.", "" ], [ "Overmier", "H.", "" ], [ "Owen", "B. J.", "" ], [ "Pace", "A. E.", "" ], [ "Pagano", "G.", "" ], [ "Page", "J.", "" ], [ "Page", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Pai", "A.", "" ], [ "Pai", "S. A.", "" ], [ "Palamos", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Palashov", "O.", "" ], [ "Palomba", "C.", "" ], [ "Pal-Singh", "A.", "" ], [ "Pan", "Howard", "" ], [ "Pan", "Huang-Wei", "" ], [ "Pang", "B.", "" ], [ "Pang", "P. T. H.", "" ], [ "Pankow", "C.", "" ], [ "Pannarale", "F.", "" ], [ "Pant", "B. C.", "" ], [ "Paoletti", "F.", "" ], [ "Paoli", "A.", "" ], [ "Papa", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Parida", "A.", "" ], [ "Parker", "W.", "" ], [ "Pascucci", "D.", "" ], [ "Pasqualetti", "A.", "" ], [ "Passaquieti", "R.", "" ], [ "Passuello", "D.", "" ], [ "Patil", "M.", "" ], [ "Patricelli", "B.", "" ], [ "Pearlstone", "B. L.", "" ], [ "Pedersen", "C.", "" ], [ "Pedraza", "M.", "" ], [ "Pedurand", "R.", "" ], [ "Pekowsky", "L.", "" ], [ "Pele", "A.", "" ], [ "Penn", "S.", "" ], [ "Perego", "A.", "" ], [ "Perez", "C. J.", "" ], [ "Perreca", "A.", "" ], [ "Perri", "L. M.", "" ], [ "Pfeiffer", "H. P.", "" ], [ "Phelps", "M.", "" ], [ "Phukon", "K. S.", "" ], [ "Piccinni", "O. J.", "" ], [ "Pichot", "M.", "" ], [ "Piergiovanni", "F.", "" ], [ "Pierro", "V.", "" ], [ "Pillant", "G.", "" ], [ "Pinard", "L.", "" ], [ "Pinto", "I. M.", "" ], [ "Pirello", "M.", "" ], [ "Pitkin", "M.", "" ], [ "Poggiani", "R.", "" ], [ "Popolizio", "P.", "" ], [ "Porter", "E. K.", "" ], [ "Possenti", "L.", "" ], [ "Post", "A.", "" ], [ "Powell", "J.", "" ], [ "Prasad", "J.", "" ], [ "Pratt", "J. W. W.", "" ], [ "Pratten", "G.", "" ], [ "Predoi", "V.", "" ], [ "Prestegard", "T.", "" ], [ "Principe", "M.", "" ], [ "Privitera", "S.", "" ], [ "Prodi", "G. A.", "" ], [ "Prokhorov", "L. G.", "" ], [ "Puncken", "O.", "" ], [ "Punturo", "M.", "" ], [ "Puppo", "P.", "" ], [ "P''urrer", "M.", "" ], [ "Qi", "H.", "" ], [ "Quetschke", "V.", "" ], [ "Quintero", "E. A.", "" ], [ "Quitzow-James", "R.", "" ], [ "Raab", "F. J.", "" ], [ "Rabeling", "D. S.", "" ], [ "Radkins", "H.", "" ], [ "Raffai", "P.", "" ], [ "Raja", "S.", "" ], [ "Rajan", "C.", "" ], [ "Rajbhandari", "B.", "" ], [ "Rakhmanov", "M.", "" ], [ "Ramirez", "K. E.", "" ], [ "Ramos-Buades", "A.", "" ], [ "Rana", "Javed", "" ], [ "Rapagnani", "P.", "" ], [ "Raymond", "V.", "" ], [ "Razzano", "M.", "" ], [ "Read", "J.", "" ], [ "Regimbau", "T.", "" ], [ "Rei", "L.", "" ], [ "Reid", "S.", "" ], [ "Reitze", "D. H.", "" ], [ "Ren", "W.", "" ], [ "Ricci", "F.", "" ], [ "Ricker", "P. M.", "" ], [ "Riemenschneider", "G. M.", "" ], [ "Riles", "K.", "" ], [ "Rizzo", "M.", "" ], [ "Robertson", "N. A.", "" ], [ "Robie", "R.", "" ], [ "Robinet", "F.", "" ], [ "Robson", "T.", "" ], [ "Rocchi", "A.", "" ], [ "Rolland", "L.", "" ], [ "Rollins", "J. G.", "" ], [ "Roma", "V. J.", "" ], [ "Romano", "R.", "" ], [ "Romel", "C. L.", "" ], [ "Romie", "J. H.", "" ], [ "Rosi'nska", "D.", "" ], [ "Ross", "M. P.", "" ], [ "Rowan", "S.", "" ], [ "R''udiger", "A.", "" ], [ "Ruggi", "P.", "" ], [ "Rutins", "G.", "" ], [ "Ryan", "K.", "" ], [ "Sachdev", "S.", "" ], [ "Sadecki", "T.", "" ], [ "Sakellariadou", "M.", "" ], [ "Salconi", "L.", "" ], [ "Saleem", "M.", "" ], [ "Salemi", "F.", "" ], [ "Samajdar", "A.", "" ], [ "Sammut", "L.", "" ], [ "Sampson", "L. M.", "" ], [ "Sanchez", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Sanchez", "L. E.", "" ], [ "Sanchis-Gual", "N.", "" ], [ "Sandberg", "V.", "" ], [ "Sanders", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Sarin", "N.", "" ], [ "Sassolas", "B.", "" ], [ "Sathyaprakash", "B. S.", "" ], [ "Saulson", "P. R.", "" ], [ "Sauter", "O.", "" ], [ "Savage", "R. L.", "" ], [ "Sawadsky", "A.", "" ], [ "Schale", "P.", "" ], [ "Scheel", "M.", "" ], [ "Scheuer", "J.", "" ], [ "Schmidt", "P.", "" ], [ "Schnabel", "R.", "" ], [ "Schofield", "R. M. S.", "" ], [ "Sch''onbeck", "A.", "" ], [ "Schreiber", "E.", "" ], [ "Schuette", "D.", "" ], [ "Schulte", "B. W.", "" ], [ "Schutz", "B. F.", "" ], [ "Schwalbe", "S. G.", "" ], [ "Scott", "J.", "" ], [ "Scott", "S. M.", "" ], [ "Seidel", "E.", "" ], [ "Sellers", "D.", "" ], [ "Sengupta", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Sentenac", "D.", "" ], [ "Sequino", "V.", "" ], [ "Sergeev", "A.", "" ], [ "Setyawati", "Y.", "" ], [ "Shaddock", "D. A.", "" ], [ "Shaffer", "T. J.", "" ], [ "Shah", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Shahriar", "M. S.", "" ], [ "Shaner", "M. B.", "" ], [ "Shao", "L.", "" ], [ "Shapiro", "B.", "" ], [ "Shawhan", "P.", "" ], [ "Shen", "H.", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "D. H.", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "D. M.", "" ], [ "Siellez", "K.", "" ], [ "Siemens", "X.", "" ], [ "Sieniawska", "M.", "" ], [ "Sigg", "D.", "" ], [ "Silva", "A. D.", "" ], [ "Singer", "L. P.", "" ], [ "Singh", "A.", "" ], [ "Singhal", "A.", "" ], [ "Sintes", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Slagmolen", "B. J. J.", "" ], [ "Slaven-Blair", "T. J.", "" ], [ "Smith", "B.", "" ], [ "Smith", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Smith", "R. J. E.", "" ], [ "Somala", "S.", "" ], [ "Son", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Sorazu", "B.", "" ], [ "Sorrentino", "F.", "" ], [ "Souradeep", "T.", "" ], [ "Spencer", "A. P.", "" ], [ "Srivastava", "A. K.", "" ], [ "Staats", "K.", "" ], [ "Steinke", "M.", "" ], [ "Steinlechner", "J.", "" ], [ "Steinlechner", "S.", "" ], [ "Steinmeyer", "D.", "" ], [ "Steltner", "B.", "" ], [ "Stevenson", "S. P.", "" ], [ "Stocks", "D.", "" ], [ "Stone", "R.", "" ], [ "Stops", "D. J.", "" ], [ "Strain", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Stratta", "G.", "" ], [ "Strigin", "S. E.", "" ], [ "Strunk", "A.", "" ], [ "Sturani", "R.", "" ], [ "Stuver", "A. L.", "" ], [ "Summerscales", "T. Z.", "" ], [ "Sun", "L.", "" ], [ "Sunil", "S.", "" ], [ "Suresh", "J.", "" ], [ "Sutton", "P. J.", "" ], [ "Swinkels", "B. L.", "" ], [ "Szczepa'nczyk", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Tacca", "M.", "" ], [ "Tait", "S. C.", "" ], [ "Talbot", "C.", "" ], [ "Talukder", "D.", "" ], [ "Tanner", "D. B.", "" ], [ "T'apai", "M.", "" ], [ "Taracchini", "A.", "" ], [ "Tasson", "J. D.", "" ], [ "Taylor", "J. A.", "" ], [ "Taylor", "R.", "" ], [ "Tewari", "S. V.", "" ], [ "Theeg", "T.", "" ], [ "Thies", "F.", "" ], [ "Thomas", "E. G.", "" ], [ "Thomas", "M.", "" ], [ "Thomas", "P.", "" ], [ "Thorne", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Thrane", "E.", "" ], [ "Tiwari", "S.", "" ], [ "Tiwari", "V.", "" ], [ "Tokmakov", "K. V.", "" ], [ "Toland", "K.", "" ], [ "Tonelli", "M.", "" ], [ "Tornasi", "Z.", "" ], [ "Torres-Forn'e", "A.", "" ], [ "Torrie", "C. I.", "" ], [ "T''oyr''a", "D.", "" ], [ "Travasso", "F.", "" ], [ "Traylor", "G.", "" ], [ "Trinastic", "J.", "" ], [ "Tringali", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Trovato", "A.", "" ], [ "Trozzo", "L.", "" ], [ "Tsang", "K. W.", "" ], [ "Tse", "M.", "" ], [ "Tso", "R.", "" ], [ "Tsuna", "D.", "" ], [ "Tsukada", "L.", "" ], [ "Tuyenbayev", "D.", "" ], [ "Ueno", "K.", "" ], [ "Ugolini", "D.", "" ], [ "Urban", "A. L.", "" ], [ "Usman", "S. A.", "" ], [ "Vahlbruch", "H.", "" ], [ "Vajente", "G.", "" ], [ "Valdes", "G.", "" ], [ "van Bakel", "N.", "" ], [ "van Beuzekom", "M.", "" ], [ "Brand", "J. F. J. van den", "" ], [ "Broeck", "C. Van Den", "" ], [ "Vander-Hyde", "D. C.", "" ], [ "van der Schaaf", "L.", "" ], [ "van Heijningen", "J. V.", "" ], [ "van Veggel", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Vardaro", "M.", "" ], [ "Varma", "V.", "" ], [ "Vass", "S.", "" ], [ "Vas'uth", "M.", "" ], [ "Vecchio", "A.", "" ], [ "Vedovato", "G.", "" ], [ "Veitch", "J.", "" ], [ "Veitch", "P. J.", "" ], [ "Venkateswara", "K.", "" ], [ "Venugopalan", "G.", "" ], [ "Verkindt", "D.", "" ], [ "Vetrano", "F.", "" ], [ "Vicer'e", "A.", "" ], [ "Viets", "A. D.", "" ], [ "Vinciguerra", "S.", "" ], [ "Vine", "D. J.", "" ], [ "Vinet", "J. -Y.", "" ], [ "Vitale", "S.", "" ], [ "Vo", "T.", "" ], [ "Vocca", "H.", "" ], [ "Vorvick", "C.", "" ], [ "Vyatchanin", "S. P.", "" ], [ "Wade", "A. R.", "" ], [ "Wade", "L. E.", "" ], [ "Wade", "M.", "" ], [ "Walet", "R.", "" ], [ "Walker", "M.", "" ], [ "Wallace", "L.", "" ], [ "Walsh", "S.", "" ], [ "Wang", "G.", "" ], [ "Wang", "H.", "" ], [ "Wang", "J. Z.", "" ], [ "Wang", "W. H.", "" ], [ "Wang", "Y. F.", "" ], [ "Ward", "R. L.", "" ], [ "Warner", "J.", "" ], [ "Was", "M.", "" ], [ "Watchi", "J.", "" ], [ "Weaver", "B.", "" ], [ "Wei", "L. -W.", "" ], [ "Weinert", "M.", "" ], [ "Weinstein", "A. J.", "" ], [ "Weiss", "R.", "" ], [ "Wellmann", "F.", "" ], [ "Wen", "L.", "" ], [ "Wessel", "E. K.", "" ], [ "Wessels", "P.", "" ], [ "Westerweck", "J.", "" ], [ "Wette", "K.", "" ], [ "Whelan", "J. T.", "" ], [ "Whiting", "B. F.", "" ], [ "Whittle", "C.", "" ], [ "Wilken", "D.", "" ], [ "Williams", "D.", "" ], [ "Williams", "R. D.", "" ], [ "Williamson", "A. R.", "" ], [ "Willis", "J. L.", "" ], [ "Willke", "B.", "" ], [ "Wimmer", "M. H.", "" ], [ "Winkler", "W.", "" ], [ "Wipf", "C. C.", "" ], [ "Wittel", "H.", "" ], [ "Woan", "G.", "" ], [ "Woehler", "J.", "" ], [ "Wofford", "J. K.", "" ], [ "Wong", "W. K.", "" ], [ "Worden", "J.", "" ], [ "Wright", "J. L.", "" ], [ "Wu", "D. S.", "" ], [ "Wysocki", "D. M.", "" ], [ "Xiao", "S.", "" ], [ "Yam", "W.", "" ], [ "Yamamoto", "H.", "" ], [ "Yancey", "C. C.", "" ], [ "Yang", "L.", "" ], [ "Yap", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Yazback", "M.", "" ], [ "Yu", "Hang", "" ], [ "Yu", "Haocun", "" ], [ "Yvert", "M.", "" ], [ "zny", "A. Zadro.", "" ], [ "Zanolin", "M.", "" ], [ "Zelenova", "T.", "" ], [ "Zendri", "J. -P.", "" ], [ "Zevin", "M.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "J.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "L.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "M.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "T.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Y. -H.", "" ], [ "Zhao", "C.", "" ], [ "Zhou", "M.", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Z.", "" ], [ "Zhu", "S. J.", "" ], [ "Zhu", "X. J.", "" ], [ "Zimmerman", "A. B.", "" ], [ "Zlochower", "Y.", "" ], [ "Zucker", "M. E.", "" ], [ "Zweizig", "J.", "" ] ]
On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii. Here, we expand upon previous analyses by working under the hypothesis that both bodies were neutron stars that are described by the same equation of state and have spins within the range observed in Galactic binary neutron stars. Our analysis employs two methods: the use of equation-of-state-insensitive relations between various macroscopic properties of the neutron stars and the use of an efficient parametrization of the defining function $p(\rho)$ of the equation of state itself. From the LIGO and Virgo data alone and the first method, we measure the two neutron star radii as $R_1=10.8^{+2.0}_{-1.7}$ km for the heavier star and $R_2= 10.7^{+2.1}_{-1.5}$ km for the lighter star at the 90% credible level. If we additionally require that the equation of state supports neutron stars with masses larger than $1.97 \,M_\odot$ as required from electromagnetic observations and employ the equation-of-state parametrization, we further constrain $R_1= 11.9^{+1.4}_{-1.4}$ km and $R_2= 11.9^{+1.4}_{-1.4}$ km at the 90% credible level. Finally, we obtain constraints on $p(\rho)$ at supranuclear densities, with pressure at twice nuclear saturation density measured at $3.5^{+2.7}_{-1.7}\times 10^{34} \,\mathrm{dyn}/\mathrm{cm}^{2}$ at the 90% level.
1010.5955
Gao Changjun
Changjun Gao and Anzhong Wang
Ghosts and Stability of Asymptotical Safe Gravity in the Minkowski Background
6 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the problems of ghosts and stability in the framework of asymptotical safe theory of gravity in the Minkowski background. Within one loop corrections, we obtain explicitly the constraints on the coupling parameters. Applying them to the coupling constant recently-obtained at the fixed point, we find that the corresponding theory is both ghost-free and stable. Our results can be easily generalized to high order corrections.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Oct 2010 13:10:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 3 Dec 2010 00:57:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-12-06
[ [ "Gao", "Changjun", "" ], [ "Wang", "Anzhong", "" ] ]
We investigate the problems of ghosts and stability in the framework of asymptotical safe theory of gravity in the Minkowski background. Within one loop corrections, we obtain explicitly the constraints on the coupling parameters. Applying them to the coupling constant recently-obtained at the fixed point, we find that the corresponding theory is both ghost-free and stable. Our results can be easily generalized to high order corrections.
1308.5007
Fabiola Arevalo
F. Arevalo, P. Cifuentes, S. Lepe and F. Pe\~na
Interacting Ricci-like holographic dark energy
16 pages, 6 figures, references and comments added, to appear in Astrophys. Space Sci
null
10.1007/s10509-014-1946-3
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background, a scheme of dark matter-dark energy interaction is studied considering a holographic Ricci-like model for the dark energy. Without giving a priori some specific model for the interaction function, we show that this function can experience a change of sign during the cosmic evolution. The parameters involved in the holographic model are adjusted with Supernova data and we obtained results compatible with the observable universe.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Aug 2013 22:06:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Dec 2013 03:56:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Jul 2014 20:09:32 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-07-04
[ [ "Arevalo", "F.", "" ], [ "Cifuentes", "P.", "" ], [ "Lepe", "S.", "" ], [ "Peña", "F.", "" ] ]
In a flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background, a scheme of dark matter-dark energy interaction is studied considering a holographic Ricci-like model for the dark energy. Without giving a priori some specific model for the interaction function, we show that this function can experience a change of sign during the cosmic evolution. The parameters involved in the holographic model are adjusted with Supernova data and we obtained results compatible with the observable universe.
gr-qc/0010052
Peter Huebner
Peter Huebner
Numerical Calculation of Conformally Smooth Hyperboloidal Data
22 pages, 8 figures, revtex4
Class.Quant.Grav. 18 (2001) 1421-1440
10.1088/0264-9381/18/8/302
AEI-2000-066
gr-qc
null
This is the third paper in a series describing a numerical implementation of the conformal Einstein equation. This paper describes a scheme to calculate (three) dimensional data for the conformal field equations from a set of free functions. The actual implementation depends on the topology of the spacetime. We discuss the implementation and exemplary calculations for data leading to spacetimes with one spherical null infinity (asymptotically Minkowski) and for data leading to spacetimes with two toroidal null infinities (asymptotically A3). We also outline the (technical) modifications of the implementation needed to calculate data for spacetimes with two and more spherical null infinities (asymptotically Schwarzschild and asymptotically multiple black holes).
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Oct 2000 13:45:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Huebner", "Peter", "" ] ]
This is the third paper in a series describing a numerical implementation of the conformal Einstein equation. This paper describes a scheme to calculate (three) dimensional data for the conformal field equations from a set of free functions. The actual implementation depends on the topology of the spacetime. We discuss the implementation and exemplary calculations for data leading to spacetimes with one spherical null infinity (asymptotically Minkowski) and for data leading to spacetimes with two toroidal null infinities (asymptotically A3). We also outline the (technical) modifications of the implementation needed to calculate data for spacetimes with two and more spherical null infinities (asymptotically Schwarzschild and asymptotically multiple black holes).
gr-qc/0302031
Santiago Esteban Perez Bergliaffa
Santiago E. Perez Bergliaffa
Propagation of perturbations in non-linear spin-2 theories
8 pages, RevTex4, contribution to the Festschrift in honor of Professor Mario Novello's 60th birthday
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In this communication I analyze the problem of complete exceptionality of wave propagation in a class of spin 2 field theories. I show that, under the imposition of the good weak-field limit, only two Lagrangians are completely exceptional. These are the linear Fierz Lagrangian, and a Born-Infeld-like Lagrangian. As a byproduct, I reobtain the result that in a nonlinear theory, spin 2 particles follow an effective metric that depends on the nonlinearities of the Lagrangian.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Feb 2003 13:06:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Bergliaffa", "Santiago E. Perez", "" ] ]
In this communication I analyze the problem of complete exceptionality of wave propagation in a class of spin 2 field theories. I show that, under the imposition of the good weak-field limit, only two Lagrangians are completely exceptional. These are the linear Fierz Lagrangian, and a Born-Infeld-like Lagrangian. As a byproduct, I reobtain the result that in a nonlinear theory, spin 2 particles follow an effective metric that depends on the nonlinearities of the Lagrangian.
gr-qc/9703003
Masayuki Tanimoto
Masayuki Tanimoto
On the null surface formalism -- Formulation in three dimensions and gauge freedom
6 pages, LaTeX. To appear in Proceedings of the sixth workshop on General Relativity and Gravitation
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The null surface formalism of GR in three dimensions is presented, and the gauge freedom thereof, which is not just diffeomorphism, is discussed briefly.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Feb 1997 18:54:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Tanimoto", "Masayuki", "" ] ]
The null surface formalism of GR in three dimensions is presented, and the gauge freedom thereof, which is not just diffeomorphism, is discussed briefly.
gr-qc/0609016
Ozgur Delice
Ozgur Delice
Local cosmic strings in Brans-Dicke theory with a cosmological constant
5 pages, Revtex
Phys.Rev.D74:067703,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.067703
null
gr-qc
null
It is known that Vilenkin's phenomenological equation of state for static straight cosmic strings is inconsistent with Brans-Dicke theory. We will prove that, in the presence of a cosmological constant, this equation of state is consistent with Brans-Dicke theory. The general solution of the full nonlinear field equations, representing the interior of a cosmic string with a cosmological constant is also presented.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Sep 2006 21:29:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Sep 2006 00:52:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Delice", "Ozgur", "" ] ]
It is known that Vilenkin's phenomenological equation of state for static straight cosmic strings is inconsistent with Brans-Dicke theory. We will prove that, in the presence of a cosmological constant, this equation of state is consistent with Brans-Dicke theory. The general solution of the full nonlinear field equations, representing the interior of a cosmic string with a cosmological constant is also presented.
gr-qc/0103011
Roberto Gomez
Roberto Gomez (University of Pittsburgh)
Gravitational waveforms with controlled accuracy
Revised version, published in Phys. Rev. D, RevTeX, 16 pages, 4 figures
Phys.Rev. D64 (2001) 024007
10.1103/PhysRevD.64.024007
null
gr-qc
null
A partially first-order form of the characteristic formulation is introduced to control the accuracy in the computation of gravitational waveforms produced by highly distorted single black hole spacetimes. Our approach is to reduce the system of equations to first-order differential form on the angular derivatives, while retaining the proven radial and time integration schemes of the standard characteristic formulation. This results in significantly improved accuracy over the standard mixed-order approach in the extremely nonlinear post-merger regime of binary black hole collisions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Mar 2001 14:22:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Jun 2001 17:26:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Gomez", "Roberto", "", "University of Pittsburgh" ] ]
A partially first-order form of the characteristic formulation is introduced to control the accuracy in the computation of gravitational waveforms produced by highly distorted single black hole spacetimes. Our approach is to reduce the system of equations to first-order differential form on the angular derivatives, while retaining the proven radial and time integration schemes of the standard characteristic formulation. This results in significantly improved accuracy over the standard mixed-order approach in the extremely nonlinear post-merger regime of binary black hole collisions.
1012.4614
Yury Eroshenko
V.I. Dokuchaev, Yu.N. Eroshenko
Cosmological Horizons as They Are Looked from a Moving Frame
3 pages, 2 figures, preprint submitted to Theoretical Physics
Theoretical Physics 1, 18 (2016)
10.22606/tp.2016.11005
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the cosmological horizons in the expanding universe from the point of view of observer moving with respect to CMB frame. The deformation (non-sphericity) of cosmological horizons is demonstrated. Some principle consequences are discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Dec 2010 11:33:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Jan 2017 21:14:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-01-20
[ [ "Dokuchaev", "V. I.", "" ], [ "Eroshenko", "Yu. N.", "" ] ]
We consider the cosmological horizons in the expanding universe from the point of view of observer moving with respect to CMB frame. The deformation (non-sphericity) of cosmological horizons is demonstrated. Some principle consequences are discussed.
1801.04833
Natascha Riahi
Natascha Riahi
Wavepacket evolution in unimodular quantum cosmology
14 pages, 2 figures; contribution to "Cosmology and the Quantum Vacuum"(Segovia 2017)
Galaxies 2018, 6(1),8
10.3390/galaxies6010008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The unimodular theory of gravity admits a canonical quantization of minisuperspace models without the problem of time. We derive instead a kind of Schr\"odinger equation. We have found unitarily evolving wave packet solutions for the special case of a massless scalar field and a spatially flat Friedmann universe. We show that the longterm behaviour of the expectation values of the canonical quantities corresponds to the evolution of the classical variables. The solutions provided in an explicit example can be continued beyond the singularity at t=0, passing a finite minimal extension of the universe.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Jan 2018 15:00:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-01-17
[ [ "Riahi", "Natascha", "" ] ]
The unimodular theory of gravity admits a canonical quantization of minisuperspace models without the problem of time. We derive instead a kind of Schr\"odinger equation. We have found unitarily evolving wave packet solutions for the special case of a massless scalar field and a spatially flat Friedmann universe. We show that the longterm behaviour of the expectation values of the canonical quantities corresponds to the evolution of the classical variables. The solutions provided in an explicit example can be continued beyond the singularity at t=0, passing a finite minimal extension of the universe.
2212.13183
Arnab Dhani
Arnab Dhani, Ssohrab Borhanian, Anuradha Gupta, Bangalore Sathyaprakash
Cosmography with bright and Love sirens
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Precision cosmology is crucial to understand the different energy components in the Universe and their evolution through cosmic time. Gravitational wave sources are standard sirens that can accurately map out distances in the Universe. Together with the source redshift information, we can then probe the expansion history of the Universe. We explore the capabilities of various gravitational-wave detector networks to constrain different cosmological models while employing separate waveform models for inspiral and post-merger part of the gravitational wave signal from equal mass binary neutron stars. We consider two different avenues to measure the redshift of a gravitational-wave source: first, we examine an electromagnetic measurement of the redshift via either a kilonova or a gamma ray burst detection following a binary neutron star merger (the electromagnetic counterpart method); second, we estimate the redshift from the gravitational-wave signal itself from the adiabatic tides between the component stars characterized by the tidal Love number, to provide a second mass-scale and break the mass-redshift degeneracy (the counterpart-less method). We find that the electromagnetic counterpart method is better suited to measure the Hubble constant while the counterpart-less method places more stringent bounds on other cosmological parameters. In the era of next-generation gravitational-wave detector networks, both methods achieve sub-percent measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ after one year of observations. The dark matter energy density parameter $\Omega_{\rm M}$ in the $\Lambda$CDM model can be measured at percent-level precision using the counterpart method, whereas the counterpart-less method achieves sub-percent precision. We, however, do not find the postmerger signal to contribute significantly to these precision measurements.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Dec 2022 15:10:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-12-27
[ [ "Dhani", "Arnab", "" ], [ "Borhanian", "Ssohrab", "" ], [ "Gupta", "Anuradha", "" ], [ "Sathyaprakash", "Bangalore", "" ] ]
Precision cosmology is crucial to understand the different energy components in the Universe and their evolution through cosmic time. Gravitational wave sources are standard sirens that can accurately map out distances in the Universe. Together with the source redshift information, we can then probe the expansion history of the Universe. We explore the capabilities of various gravitational-wave detector networks to constrain different cosmological models while employing separate waveform models for inspiral and post-merger part of the gravitational wave signal from equal mass binary neutron stars. We consider two different avenues to measure the redshift of a gravitational-wave source: first, we examine an electromagnetic measurement of the redshift via either a kilonova or a gamma ray burst detection following a binary neutron star merger (the electromagnetic counterpart method); second, we estimate the redshift from the gravitational-wave signal itself from the adiabatic tides between the component stars characterized by the tidal Love number, to provide a second mass-scale and break the mass-redshift degeneracy (the counterpart-less method). We find that the electromagnetic counterpart method is better suited to measure the Hubble constant while the counterpart-less method places more stringent bounds on other cosmological parameters. In the era of next-generation gravitational-wave detector networks, both methods achieve sub-percent measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ after one year of observations. The dark matter energy density parameter $\Omega_{\rm M}$ in the $\Lambda$CDM model can be measured at percent-level precision using the counterpart method, whereas the counterpart-less method achieves sub-percent precision. We, however, do not find the postmerger signal to contribute significantly to these precision measurements.
1512.04755
Pedro Moraes
D. Momeni, P.H.R.S. Moraes, R. Myrzakulov
Generalized second law of thermodynamics in f(R,T) theory of gravity
6 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in Astrophys. Space Sci
Astrophys.Space Sci. 361 (2016) no.7, 228
10.1007/s10509-016-2784-2
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a study of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the scope of the f(R,T) theory of gravity, with R and T representing the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. From the energy-momentum tensor equation for the f(R,T) = R + f(T) case, we calculate the form of the geometric entropy in such a theory. Then, the generalized second law of thermodynamics is quantified and some relations for its obedience in f(R,T) gravity are presented. Those relations depend on some cosmological quantities, as the Hubble and deceleration parameters, and on the form of f(T).
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Dec 2015 12:21:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2016 12:32:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-09
[ [ "Momeni", "D.", "" ], [ "Moraes", "P. H. R. S.", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "R.", "" ] ]
We present a study of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the scope of the f(R,T) theory of gravity, with R and T representing the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. From the energy-momentum tensor equation for the f(R,T) = R + f(T) case, we calculate the form of the geometric entropy in such a theory. Then, the generalized second law of thermodynamics is quantified and some relations for its obedience in f(R,T) gravity are presented. Those relations depend on some cosmological quantities, as the Hubble and deceleration parameters, and on the form of f(T).
0712.1727
Sergey Sushkov
Sergey V. Sushkov and Yuan-Zhong Zhang
Scalar wormholes in cosmological setting and their instability
REVTeX4, 11 pages, submitted to PRD
Phys.Rev.D77:024042,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.024042
null
gr-qc
null
We construct exact nonstatic nonhomogeneous spherically symmetric solutions in the theory of gravity with a scalar field possessing the exponential potential. The solution of particular interest corresponds to the scalar field with negative kinetic energy, i.e. a ghost, and represents two asymptotically homogeneous spatially flat universes connected by a throat. We interpret this solution as a wormhole in cosmological setting. Both the universes and the wormhole throat are simultaneously expanding with acceleration. The character of expansion qualitatively depends on the wormhole's mass $m$. For $m=0$ the expansion goes exponentially, so that the corresponding spacetime configuration represents two de Sitter universes joining by the throat. For $m>0$ the expansion has the power character, so that one has the inflating wormhole connecting two homogeneous spatially flat universes expanding according to the power law into the final singularity. The stability analysis of the non-static wormholes reveals their instability against linear spherically symmetric perturbations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Dec 2007 15:09:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Sushkov", "Sergey V.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Yuan-Zhong", "" ] ]
We construct exact nonstatic nonhomogeneous spherically symmetric solutions in the theory of gravity with a scalar field possessing the exponential potential. The solution of particular interest corresponds to the scalar field with negative kinetic energy, i.e. a ghost, and represents two asymptotically homogeneous spatially flat universes connected by a throat. We interpret this solution as a wormhole in cosmological setting. Both the universes and the wormhole throat are simultaneously expanding with acceleration. The character of expansion qualitatively depends on the wormhole's mass $m$. For $m=0$ the expansion goes exponentially, so that the corresponding spacetime configuration represents two de Sitter universes joining by the throat. For $m>0$ the expansion has the power character, so that one has the inflating wormhole connecting two homogeneous spatially flat universes expanding according to the power law into the final singularity. The stability analysis of the non-static wormholes reveals their instability against linear spherically symmetric perturbations.
gr-qc/0308086
Wung-Hong Huang
Wung-Hong Huang
Particle Creation in Kaluza-Klein Cosmology
Latex 11 pages
Phys.Lett.A140:280-284,1989
10.1016/0375-9601(89)90619-1
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We exactly calculate the particle number $N$ of scalar fields which are created from an initial vacuum in certain higher-dimensional cosmological models. The spacetimes in these models are the four-dimensional Chitre-Hartle or radiation-dominated universe with extra spaces which are static or power-law contracting. Except for some models in which no particles could be produced, the distribution of created particles shows a thermal behavior, at least in the limit of high three-dimensional "momentum" $k$. In some models, $N$ does not depend on the magnitude of the extra-dimensional "momentum" $k_c$ if $k_c$ is nonvanishing. A cutoff momentum $k_c$ may emerge in some models, and particles with $k\le k_c$ could not be produced. We also discuss these results.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Aug 2003 14:21:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Huang", "Wung-Hong", "" ] ]
We exactly calculate the particle number $N$ of scalar fields which are created from an initial vacuum in certain higher-dimensional cosmological models. The spacetimes in these models are the four-dimensional Chitre-Hartle or radiation-dominated universe with extra spaces which are static or power-law contracting. Except for some models in which no particles could be produced, the distribution of created particles shows a thermal behavior, at least in the limit of high three-dimensional "momentum" $k$. In some models, $N$ does not depend on the magnitude of the extra-dimensional "momentum" $k_c$ if $k_c$ is nonvanishing. A cutoff momentum $k_c$ may emerge in some models, and particles with $k\le k_c$ could not be produced. We also discuss these results.
2310.17647
Rajesh Kumar
Annu Jaiswal, Rajesh Kumar, Sudhir Kumar Srivastava, Megandhren Govender and Shibesh Kumar Jas Pacif
Black hole formation in gravitational collapse and their astrophysical implications
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we have investigated a novel aspect of black hole (BH) formation during the collapse of a self-gravitating configuration. The exact solution of the Einstein field equations is obtained in a model-independent way by considering a parametrization of the expansion scalar ($\Theta$) in the background of spherically symmetric space-time geometry governed by the FLRW metric. Smooth matching of the interior solution with the Schwarzschild exterior metric across the boundary hypersurface of the star, together with the condition that the mass function $m(t,r)$ is equal to Schwarzschild mass $M$, is used to obtain all the physical and geometrical parameters in terms of the stellar mass. The four known massive stars namely $R136a3$, $Melnick$, $R136c$, and $R136b$ with their known astrophysical data (mass, radius, and present age) are used to study the physics of the model both numerically and graphically. We demonstrate that the formation of the apparent horizon occurs earlier than the singular state that is, the model of massive stars would inevitably lead to the formation of a BH as their end state. We have conducted an analysis indicating that the lifespans of massive stars are closely related to their respective masses. Our findings demonstrate that more massive stars exhibit considerably shorter lifespans in comparison to their lighter counterparts. Thus, the presented model corresponds to the evolutionary stages of astrophysical stellar objects and theoretically predicts their possible lifespan. We have also shown that our model satisfies the energy conditions and stability requirements via Herrera's cracking method.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Oct 2023 17:58:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-27
[ [ "Jaiswal", "Annu", "" ], [ "Kumar", "Rajesh", "" ], [ "Srivastava", "Sudhir Kumar", "" ], [ "Govender", "Megandhren", "" ], [ "Pacif", "Shibesh Kumar Jas", "" ] ]
In this work, we have investigated a novel aspect of black hole (BH) formation during the collapse of a self-gravitating configuration. The exact solution of the Einstein field equations is obtained in a model-independent way by considering a parametrization of the expansion scalar ($\Theta$) in the background of spherically symmetric space-time geometry governed by the FLRW metric. Smooth matching of the interior solution with the Schwarzschild exterior metric across the boundary hypersurface of the star, together with the condition that the mass function $m(t,r)$ is equal to Schwarzschild mass $M$, is used to obtain all the physical and geometrical parameters in terms of the stellar mass. The four known massive stars namely $R136a3$, $Melnick$, $R136c$, and $R136b$ with their known astrophysical data (mass, radius, and present age) are used to study the physics of the model both numerically and graphically. We demonstrate that the formation of the apparent horizon occurs earlier than the singular state that is, the model of massive stars would inevitably lead to the formation of a BH as their end state. We have conducted an analysis indicating that the lifespans of massive stars are closely related to their respective masses. Our findings demonstrate that more massive stars exhibit considerably shorter lifespans in comparison to their lighter counterparts. Thus, the presented model corresponds to the evolutionary stages of astrophysical stellar objects and theoretically predicts their possible lifespan. We have also shown that our model satisfies the energy conditions and stability requirements via Herrera's cracking method.
2206.11685
Ho Seong Hwang
Youngsub Yoon, Jong-Chul Park, Ho Seong Hwang
Understanding Galaxy Rotation Curves with Verlinde's Emergent Gravity
11 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
null
10.1088/1361-6382/acaae6
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the results from the analysis of galaxy rotation curves with Verlinde's emergent gravity. We use the data in the SPARC (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves) database, which contains a sample of 175 nearby disk galaxies with 3.6 $\mu$m surface photometry and rotation curves. We compute the gravitational acceleration at different galactocentric radii expected from the baryon distribution of the galaxies with the emergent gravity, and compare it with the observed gravitational acceleration derived from galactic rotation curves. The predicted and observed accelerations agree well with a mean offset $\mu{\rm [log(g_{obs})-log(g_{Ver})]}=-0.060\pm0.004$ and a scatter $\sigma{\rm [log(g_{obs})-log(g_{Ver})]}=0.137\pm0.004$ by assuming a de Sitter universe. These offset and scatter become smaller when we assume a more realistic universe, quasi de Sitter universe, as $\mu=-0.027\pm0.003$ and $\sigma=0.129\pm0.003$. Our results suggest that Verlinde's emergent gravity could be a good solution to the missing mass problem without introducing dark matter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Jun 2022 13:24:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Jul 2022 11:56:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 16 Dec 2022 04:01:58 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-12-28
[ [ "Yoon", "Youngsub", "" ], [ "Park", "Jong-Chul", "" ], [ "Hwang", "Ho Seong", "" ] ]
We present the results from the analysis of galaxy rotation curves with Verlinde's emergent gravity. We use the data in the SPARC (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves) database, which contains a sample of 175 nearby disk galaxies with 3.6 $\mu$m surface photometry and rotation curves. We compute the gravitational acceleration at different galactocentric radii expected from the baryon distribution of the galaxies with the emergent gravity, and compare it with the observed gravitational acceleration derived from galactic rotation curves. The predicted and observed accelerations agree well with a mean offset $\mu{\rm [log(g_{obs})-log(g_{Ver})]}=-0.060\pm0.004$ and a scatter $\sigma{\rm [log(g_{obs})-log(g_{Ver})]}=0.137\pm0.004$ by assuming a de Sitter universe. These offset and scatter become smaller when we assume a more realistic universe, quasi de Sitter universe, as $\mu=-0.027\pm0.003$ and $\sigma=0.129\pm0.003$. Our results suggest that Verlinde's emergent gravity could be a good solution to the missing mass problem without introducing dark matter.
1612.03065
Marco Letizia
Marco Letizia and Stefano Liberati
Deformed relativity symmetries and the local structure of spacetime
20 pages
Phys. Rev. D 95, 046007 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.046007
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A spacetime interpretation of deformed relativity symmetry groups was recently proposed by resorting to Finslerian geometries, seen as the outcome of a continuous limit endowed with first order corrections from the quantum gravity regime. In this work we further investigate such connection between deformed algebras and Finslerian geometries by showing that the Finsler geometries associated to the generalisation of the Poincar\'{e} group (the so called $\kappa$-Poincar\'{e} Hopf algebra) are maximally symmetric spacetimes which are also of the Berwald type: Finslerian spacetimes for which the connections are substantially Riemannian, belonging to the unique class for which the weak equivalence principle still holds. We also extend this analysis by considering a generalization of the de Sitter group (the so called $q$-de Sitter group) and showing that its associated Finslerian geometry reproduces locally the one from the $\kappa$-Poincar\'{e} group and that itself can be recast in a Berwald form in an appropriate limit.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Dec 2016 15:49:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-02-22
[ [ "Letizia", "Marco", "" ], [ "Liberati", "Stefano", "" ] ]
A spacetime interpretation of deformed relativity symmetry groups was recently proposed by resorting to Finslerian geometries, seen as the outcome of a continuous limit endowed with first order corrections from the quantum gravity regime. In this work we further investigate such connection between deformed algebras and Finslerian geometries by showing that the Finsler geometries associated to the generalisation of the Poincar\'{e} group (the so called $\kappa$-Poincar\'{e} Hopf algebra) are maximally symmetric spacetimes which are also of the Berwald type: Finslerian spacetimes for which the connections are substantially Riemannian, belonging to the unique class for which the weak equivalence principle still holds. We also extend this analysis by considering a generalization of the de Sitter group (the so called $q$-de Sitter group) and showing that its associated Finslerian geometry reproduces locally the one from the $\kappa$-Poincar\'{e} group and that itself can be recast in a Berwald form in an appropriate limit.
1511.08263
Carlos Alex Souza da Silva Dr
M.B. Cruz, C.A.S. Silva and F.A. Brito
Gravitational axial perturbations and quasinormal modes of loop quantum black holes
Accepted for publication in EPJC
Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) 79: 157
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6565-2
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is a theory that proposes a way to model the behavior of the spacetime in situations where its atomic characteristic arises. Among these situations, the spacetime behavior near the Big Bang or black hole's singularity. The detection of gravitational waves, on the other hand, has opened the way to new perspectives in the investigation of the spacetime structure. In this work, by the use of a WKB method introduced by Schutz and Will \cite{Schutz:1985zz}, and after improved by Iyer and Will \cite{s.iyer-prd35}, we study the gravitational wave spectrum emitted by loop quantum black holes, which correspond to a quantized version of the Schwarzschild spacetime by LQG techniques. From the results obtained, loop quantum black holes have been shown stable under axial gravitational perturbations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Nov 2015 01:10:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Aug 2017 14:56:48 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Mar 2019 02:34:34 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-03-08
[ [ "Cruz", "M. B.", "" ], [ "Silva", "C. A. S.", "" ], [ "Brito", "F. A.", "" ] ]
Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is a theory that proposes a way to model the behavior of the spacetime in situations where its atomic characteristic arises. Among these situations, the spacetime behavior near the Big Bang or black hole's singularity. The detection of gravitational waves, on the other hand, has opened the way to new perspectives in the investigation of the spacetime structure. In this work, by the use of a WKB method introduced by Schutz and Will \cite{Schutz:1985zz}, and after improved by Iyer and Will \cite{s.iyer-prd35}, we study the gravitational wave spectrum emitted by loop quantum black holes, which correspond to a quantized version of the Schwarzschild spacetime by LQG techniques. From the results obtained, loop quantum black holes have been shown stable under axial gravitational perturbations.
2308.00976
Wei Zeng
Wei Zeng, Yi Ling, Qing-Quan Jiang, Guo-Ping Li
Accretion Disk for regular black holes with sub-Planckian curvature
26 pages,9 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the accretion disk for a sort of regular black holes which are characterized by sub-Planckian curvature and Minkowskian core. We derive null geodesics outside the horizon of such regular black holes and analyze the feature of the light rays from the accretion disk which can be classified into direct emission, lensed rings, and photon rings. We find that the observed brightness under different emission models is mainly determined by direct emission, while the contribution from the flux of the lensed and photon rings is limited. By comparing with Bardeen black hole with a dS core, it is found that the black hole with a Minkowskian core exhibits distinct astronomical optical features when surrounded by accretion disk, which potentially provides a way to distinguish these two sorts of black holes by astronomical observation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Aug 2023 07:15:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-03
[ [ "Zeng", "Wei", "" ], [ "Ling", "Yi", "" ], [ "Jiang", "Qing-Quan", "" ], [ "Li", "Guo-Ping", "" ] ]
We investigate the accretion disk for a sort of regular black holes which are characterized by sub-Planckian curvature and Minkowskian core. We derive null geodesics outside the horizon of such regular black holes and analyze the feature of the light rays from the accretion disk which can be classified into direct emission, lensed rings, and photon rings. We find that the observed brightness under different emission models is mainly determined by direct emission, while the contribution from the flux of the lensed and photon rings is limited. By comparing with Bardeen black hole with a dS core, it is found that the black hole with a Minkowskian core exhibits distinct astronomical optical features when surrounded by accretion disk, which potentially provides a way to distinguish these two sorts of black holes by astronomical observation.
1410.0792
Bert Schroer
Bert Schroer
A Hilbert Space setting for higher spin interactions which replaces Gauge Theory
26 pages, additional results, special emphasis on results from Hilbert space positivity which go beyond indefinite metric gauge theory
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The recently discovered Hilbert space description of renormalizable interactions of higher spin (equal or bigger than 1) fields requires to replace the pointlocal s=1 vectorpotentials of indefinite metric (Krein space) BRST gauge theory by their stringlike counterpart in Hilbert space. It is shown that the Hilbert space positivity leads to new properties outside the conceptual range of the gauge theoretic description: topological aspects of Wilson loops, induced normalization terms (in particular Mexican hat type potentials for massive vectormesons coupled to Hermitian scalar field) and a possible role of string-localization in confinerment.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Oct 2014 09:36:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Oct 2014 17:12:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Oct 2014 14:18:42 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Nov 2014 09:27:50 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2014-11-13
[ [ "Schroer", "Bert", "" ] ]
The recently discovered Hilbert space description of renormalizable interactions of higher spin (equal or bigger than 1) fields requires to replace the pointlocal s=1 vectorpotentials of indefinite metric (Krein space) BRST gauge theory by their stringlike counterpart in Hilbert space. It is shown that the Hilbert space positivity leads to new properties outside the conceptual range of the gauge theoretic description: topological aspects of Wilson loops, induced normalization terms (in particular Mexican hat type potentials for massive vectormesons coupled to Hermitian scalar field) and a possible role of string-localization in confinerment.
gr-qc/0409040
C\'edric Leygnac
C\'edric Leygnac
Non-asymptotically flat black holes/branes
Ph. D. thesis, in french, 132 pages, 16 eps figures
null
null
LAPTH-these-1060/04
gr-qc hep-th
null
In the framework of string-inspired dilatonic gravity theories (from 4 to $D$ space-time dimensions), we construct new non-asymptotically flat black hole or black brane solutions. For particular values of the dilatonic coupling constant, we generalize static solutions to rotating ones, using the target space isometry group. We compute their masses and their angular momentum using the modern approach to the computation of energy in General Relativity, the quasilocal formalism, and we check the agreement of these solutions with the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Finally, we study a new black hole family in the 2+1 dimensional theory of Topologically Massive Gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Sep 2004 09:00:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Leygnac", "Cédric", "" ] ]
In the framework of string-inspired dilatonic gravity theories (from 4 to $D$ space-time dimensions), we construct new non-asymptotically flat black hole or black brane solutions. For particular values of the dilatonic coupling constant, we generalize static solutions to rotating ones, using the target space isometry group. We compute their masses and their angular momentum using the modern approach to the computation of energy in General Relativity, the quasilocal formalism, and we check the agreement of these solutions with the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Finally, we study a new black hole family in the 2+1 dimensional theory of Topologically Massive Gravity.
2103.14725
Brandon Mattingly
Brandon Mattingly
Curvature Invariants for Wormholes and Warped Spacetimes
137 pages, 45 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Carminati and McLenaghan (CM) curvature invariants are powerful tools for probing spacetimes. Henry et al. formulated a method of plotting the CM curvature invariants to study black holes. The CM curvature invariants are scalar functions of the underlying spacetime. Consequently, they are independent of the chosen coordinates and characterize the spacetime. For Class B1 spacetimes, there are four independent CM curvature invariants: R, r1, r2, and w2. Lorentzian traversable wormholes and warp drives are two theoretical solutions to Einstein's field equations, which allow faster-than-light (FTL) transport. The CM curvature invariants are plotted and analyzed for these specific FTL spacetimes: (i) the Thin-Shell Flat-Face wormhole, (ii) the Morris-Thorne wormhole, (iii) the Thin-Shell Schwarzschild wormhole, (iv) the exponential metric, (v) the Alcubierre metric at constant velocity, (vi) the Nat\'ario metric at constant velocity, and (vii) the Nat\'ario metric at an accelerating velocity. Plots of the wormhole CM invariants confirm their traversability and show how to distinguish the wormholes. The warp drive CM invariants reveal key features such as a flat harbor in the center of each warp bubble, a dynamic wake for each warp bubble, and rich internal structure(s) of each warp bubble.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Mar 2021 20:38:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-03-30
[ [ "Mattingly", "Brandon", "" ] ]
The Carminati and McLenaghan (CM) curvature invariants are powerful tools for probing spacetimes. Henry et al. formulated a method of plotting the CM curvature invariants to study black holes. The CM curvature invariants are scalar functions of the underlying spacetime. Consequently, they are independent of the chosen coordinates and characterize the spacetime. For Class B1 spacetimes, there are four independent CM curvature invariants: R, r1, r2, and w2. Lorentzian traversable wormholes and warp drives are two theoretical solutions to Einstein's field equations, which allow faster-than-light (FTL) transport. The CM curvature invariants are plotted and analyzed for these specific FTL spacetimes: (i) the Thin-Shell Flat-Face wormhole, (ii) the Morris-Thorne wormhole, (iii) the Thin-Shell Schwarzschild wormhole, (iv) the exponential metric, (v) the Alcubierre metric at constant velocity, (vi) the Nat\'ario metric at constant velocity, and (vii) the Nat\'ario metric at an accelerating velocity. Plots of the wormhole CM invariants confirm their traversability and show how to distinguish the wormholes. The warp drive CM invariants reveal key features such as a flat harbor in the center of each warp bubble, a dynamic wake for each warp bubble, and rich internal structure(s) of each warp bubble.
2101.03865
Parth Bambhaniya
Parth Bambhaniya, Dipanjan Dey, Ashok B. Joshi, Pankaj S. Joshi, Divyesh N. Solanki, Aadarsh Mehta
Shadows and negative precession in non-Kerr spacetime
13 pages, 20 figures
Phys. Rev. D 103, 084005 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.084005
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
It is now known that the shadow is not only the property of a black hole, it can also be cast by other compact objects like naked singularities. However, there exist some novel features of the shadow of the naked singularities which are elaborately discussed in some recent articles. In the earlier literature, it is also shown that a naked singularity may admit negative precession of bound timelike orbits which cannot be seen in Schwarzschild and Kerr black hole spacetimes. This distinguishable behavior of timelike bound orbit in the presence of the naked singularity along with the novel features of the shadow may be useful to distinguish between a black hole and a naked singularity observationally. However, in this paper, it is shown that deformed Kerr spacetime can allow negative precession of bound timelike orbits when the central singularity of that spacetime is naked. We also show that negative precession and shadow both can exist simultaneously in deformed Kerr naked singularity spacetime. Therefore, any observational evidence of negative precession of bound orbits, along with the central shadow may indicate the presence of a deformed Kerr naked singularity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Jan 2021 13:26:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-04-14
[ [ "Bambhaniya", "Parth", "" ], [ "Dey", "Dipanjan", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Ashok B.", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ], [ "Solanki", "Divyesh N.", "" ], [ "Mehta", "Aadarsh", "" ] ]
It is now known that the shadow is not only the property of a black hole, it can also be cast by other compact objects like naked singularities. However, there exist some novel features of the shadow of the naked singularities which are elaborately discussed in some recent articles. In the earlier literature, it is also shown that a naked singularity may admit negative precession of bound timelike orbits which cannot be seen in Schwarzschild and Kerr black hole spacetimes. This distinguishable behavior of timelike bound orbit in the presence of the naked singularity along with the novel features of the shadow may be useful to distinguish between a black hole and a naked singularity observationally. However, in this paper, it is shown that deformed Kerr spacetime can allow negative precession of bound timelike orbits when the central singularity of that spacetime is naked. We also show that negative precession and shadow both can exist simultaneously in deformed Kerr naked singularity spacetime. Therefore, any observational evidence of negative precession of bound orbits, along with the central shadow may indicate the presence of a deformed Kerr naked singularity.
gr-qc/0404092
Bela Szilagyi
Maria Babiuc, Bela Szilagyi, Jeffrey Winicour
Some mathematical problems in numerical relativity
17 pages, 12 graphs (eps format)
Lect.Notes Phys.692:251-274,2006
10.1007/11550259_12
null
gr-qc
null
The main goal of numerical relativity is the long time simulation of highly nonlinear spacetimes that cannot be treated by perturbation theory. This involves analytic, computational and physical issues. At present, the major impasses to achieving global simulations of physical usefulness are of an analytic/computational nature. We present here some examples of how analytic insight can lend useful guidance for the improvement of numerical approaches.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Apr 2004 19:56:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-21
[ [ "Babiuc", "Maria", "" ], [ "Szilagyi", "Bela", "" ], [ "Winicour", "Jeffrey", "" ] ]
The main goal of numerical relativity is the long time simulation of highly nonlinear spacetimes that cannot be treated by perturbation theory. This involves analytic, computational and physical issues. At present, the major impasses to achieving global simulations of physical usefulness are of an analytic/computational nature. We present here some examples of how analytic insight can lend useful guidance for the improvement of numerical approaches.
1401.3054
Jing-Bo Wang
Jingbo Wang
The Entropy of BTZ Black Hole from Loop Quantum Gravity
12 page
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we calculated the entropy of the BTZ black hole in the framework of loop quantum gravity. We got the result that the horizon degrees of freedom can be described by the 2D SO(1,1) punctured BF theory. Finally we got the area law for the entropy of BTZ black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Jan 2014 02:40:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-15
[ [ "Wang", "Jingbo", "" ] ]
In this paper, we calculated the entropy of the BTZ black hole in the framework of loop quantum gravity. We got the result that the horizon degrees of freedom can be described by the 2D SO(1,1) punctured BF theory. Finally we got the area law for the entropy of BTZ black hole.
1104.4662
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Peter K. F. Kuhfittig
On the feasibility of charged wormholes
6 pages, 1 figure
Cent. Eur. J. Phys., vol. 9, 1144 (2011)
10.2478/s11534-011-0043-2
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
While wormhole spacetimes are predictions of the general theory of relativity, specific solutions may not be compatible with quantum field theory. This paper modifies the charged wormhole model of Kim and Lee with the aim of satisfying an extended version of a quantum inequality due to Ford and Roman. The modified metric may be viewed as a solution of the Einstein field equations representing a charged wormhole that is compatible with quantum field theory.
[ { "created": "Sun, 24 Apr 2011 22:19:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Jun 2011 14:44:06 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Dec 2011 00:33:41 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-05-28
[ [ "Kuhfittig", "Peter K. F.", "" ] ]
While wormhole spacetimes are predictions of the general theory of relativity, specific solutions may not be compatible with quantum field theory. This paper modifies the charged wormhole model of Kim and Lee with the aim of satisfying an extended version of a quantum inequality due to Ford and Roman. The modified metric may be viewed as a solution of the Einstein field equations representing a charged wormhole that is compatible with quantum field theory.
gr-qc/0009082
Tekin Dereli
T. Dereli, O. Sarioglu (METU, Ankara)
Topologically massive gravity and black holes in three dimensions
4 pages REVTEX file, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We obtain a general class of exact solutions to topologically massive gravity with or without a negative cosmological constant. In the first case, we show that the solution is supersymmetric and asymptotically approaches the extremal BTZ black hole solution, while in the latter case it goes to flat space-time.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Sep 2000 11:30:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Dereli", "T.", "", "METU, Ankara" ], [ "Sarioglu", "O.", "", "METU, Ankara" ] ]
We obtain a general class of exact solutions to topologically massive gravity with or without a negative cosmological constant. In the first case, we show that the solution is supersymmetric and asymptotically approaches the extremal BTZ black hole solution, while in the latter case it goes to flat space-time.
1110.0079
Manuel Rodrigues
Glauber Tadaiesky Marques, Manuel E. Rodrigues
Equivalence of the Hawking temperature in conformal frames
21 pages
Eur. Phys. J. C 72: 1891 (2012)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-1891-7
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The conformal invariance of the Hawking temperature, conjectured for the asymptotically flat and stationary black holes by Jacobson and Kang, is semiclassically evaluated for a simple particular case of symmetrical spherically and non asymptotically flat black hole. By using the Bogoliubov coefficients, the metric euclideanization, the reflection coefficient and the gravitational anomaly, as methods of calculating the Hawking temperature, we find that it is invariant under a specific conformal transformation of the metric. We discuss briefly the results for each method.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Oct 2011 06:30:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Oct 2011 19:22:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-13
[ [ "Marques", "Glauber Tadaiesky", "" ], [ "Rodrigues", "Manuel E.", "" ] ]
The conformal invariance of the Hawking temperature, conjectured for the asymptotically flat and stationary black holes by Jacobson and Kang, is semiclassically evaluated for a simple particular case of symmetrical spherically and non asymptotically flat black hole. By using the Bogoliubov coefficients, the metric euclideanization, the reflection coefficient and the gravitational anomaly, as methods of calculating the Hawking temperature, we find that it is invariant under a specific conformal transformation of the metric. We discuss briefly the results for each method.
0804.3322
Jonathan R. Gair
Jonathan R. Gair, Edward K. Porter, Stanislav Babak, Leor Barack
A Constrained Metropolis-Hastings Search for EMRIs in the Mock LISA Data Challenge 1B
13 pages, 3 figures, to be published in proceedings of the 12th Gravitational Wave Data Analysis Workshop; v2 has minor changes for consistency with accepted version
Class.Quant.Grav.25:184030,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/18/184030
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We describe a search for the extreme-mass-ratio inspiral sources in the Round 1B Mock LISA Data Challenge data sets. The search algorithm is a Monte-Carlo search based on the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, but also incorporates simulated, thermostated and time annealing, plus a harmonic identification stage designed to reduce the chance of the chain locking onto secondary maxima. In this paper, we focus on describing the algorithm that we have been developing. We give the results of the search of the Round 1B data, although parameter recovery has improved since that deadline. Finally, we describe several modifications to the search pipeline that we are currently investigating for incorporation in future searches.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Apr 2008 14:30:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Jul 2008 14:40:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Gair", "Jonathan R.", "" ], [ "Porter", "Edward K.", "" ], [ "Babak", "Stanislav", "" ], [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ] ]
We describe a search for the extreme-mass-ratio inspiral sources in the Round 1B Mock LISA Data Challenge data sets. The search algorithm is a Monte-Carlo search based on the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, but also incorporates simulated, thermostated and time annealing, plus a harmonic identification stage designed to reduce the chance of the chain locking onto secondary maxima. In this paper, we focus on describing the algorithm that we have been developing. We give the results of the search of the Round 1B data, although parameter recovery has improved since that deadline. Finally, we describe several modifications to the search pipeline that we are currently investigating for incorporation in future searches.
gr-qc/0101080
Luca Bombelli
Luca Bombelli
Statistical geometry of random weave states
10 pages, LaTeX, submitted to the Proceedings of the IX Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rome, July 2-8, 2000
null
10.1142/9789812777386_0217
null
gr-qc
null
I describe the first steps in the construction of semiclassical states for non-perturbative canonical quantum gravity using ideas from classical, Riemannian statistical geometry and results from quantum geometry of spin network states. In particular, I concentrate on how those techniques are applied to the construction of random spin networks, and the calculation of their contribution to areas and volumes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2001 05:10:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-08-23
[ [ "Bombelli", "Luca", "" ] ]
I describe the first steps in the construction of semiclassical states for non-perturbative canonical quantum gravity using ideas from classical, Riemannian statistical geometry and results from quantum geometry of spin network states. In particular, I concentrate on how those techniques are applied to the construction of random spin networks, and the calculation of their contribution to areas and volumes.
1512.07659
Francisco Lobo
Francisco S. N. Lobo, Prado Mart\'in-Moruno, Nadiezhda Montelongo-Garc\'ia, Matt Visser
Novel stability approach of thin-shell gravastars
6 pages; contribution to the proceedings of the "The Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity", University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, July 12-18, 2015, based on an invited talk delivered at the BS1-"Black Hole foils, Boson stars" parallel session
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop an extremely general and robust framework that can be adapted to wide classes of generic spherically symmetric thin-shell gravastars. The thin shell (transition layer) will be permitted to move freely in the bulk spacetimes, permitting a fully dynamic analysis. This will then allow us to perform a general stability analysis, where it is explicitly shown that stability of the gravastar is related to the properties of the matter residing in the thin-shell transition layer.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Dec 2015 23:08:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-12-25
[ [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ], [ "Martín-Moruno", "Prado", "" ], [ "Montelongo-García", "Nadiezhda", "" ], [ "Visser", "Matt", "" ] ]
We develop an extremely general and robust framework that can be adapted to wide classes of generic spherically symmetric thin-shell gravastars. The thin shell (transition layer) will be permitted to move freely in the bulk spacetimes, permitting a fully dynamic analysis. This will then allow us to perform a general stability analysis, where it is explicitly shown that stability of the gravastar is related to the properties of the matter residing in the thin-shell transition layer.
2111.03066
V H Satheeshkumar
V. H. Satheeshkumar
Nature of Singularities in Vector-Tensor Theories of Gravity
9 pages, Invited parallel session talk at MG16, to appear in the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting
The Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, pp. 1095-1103 (2023)
10.1142/9789811269776_0086
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Vector-Tensor (VT) theories of gravity are a class of alternative theories to General Relativity (GR) that are characterized by the presence of a dynamical vector field besides the metric. They are studied in attempts to understand spontaneous Lorentz violation, to generate massive gravitons, and as models of dark matter and dark energy. In this article, I outline how the nature of singularities and horizons in VT theories differ greatly from GR even under the same ordinary conditions. This is illustrated with Einsteinaether theory where vacuum black hole solutions have naked singularities and vacuum cosmological solutions have new singularities that are otherwise absent in GR. It would be interesting to explore these deviations using gravitational waves
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Nov 2021 16:41:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-31
[ [ "Satheeshkumar", "V. H.", "" ] ]
The Vector-Tensor (VT) theories of gravity are a class of alternative theories to General Relativity (GR) that are characterized by the presence of a dynamical vector field besides the metric. They are studied in attempts to understand spontaneous Lorentz violation, to generate massive gravitons, and as models of dark matter and dark energy. In this article, I outline how the nature of singularities and horizons in VT theories differ greatly from GR even under the same ordinary conditions. This is illustrated with Einsteinaether theory where vacuum black hole solutions have naked singularities and vacuum cosmological solutions have new singularities that are otherwise absent in GR. It would be interesting to explore these deviations using gravitational waves
2211.10394
Michael Hobson
Michael Hobson
New form of the Kerr-Newman solution
4 pages, no figures, accepted as a Letter by PRD. Contains minor updates to match accepted version
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.L021501
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A new form of the Kerr-Newman solution is presented. The solution involves a time coordinate which represents the local proper time for a charged massive particle released from rest at spatial infinity. The chosen coordinates ensure that the solution is well-behaved at horizons and enable an intuitive description of many physical phenomena. If the charge of the particle $e = 0$, the coordinates reduce to Doran coordinates for the Kerr solution with the replacement $M \to M - Q^2/(2r)$, where $M$ and $Q$ are the mass and charge of the black hole, respectively. Such coordinates are valid only for $r \ge Q^2/(2M)$, however, which corresponds to the region that a neutral particle released from rest at infinity can penetrate. By contrast, for $e \neq 0$ and of opposite sign to $Q$, the new coordinates have a progressively extended range of validity as $|e|$ increases and tend to advanced Eddington-Finkelstein (EF) null coordinates as $|e| \to \infty$, hence becoming global in this limit. The Kerr solution (i.e.\ with $Q=0$) may also be written in terms of the new coordinates by setting $eQ = -\alpha$, where $\alpha$ is a real parameter unrelated to charge; in this case the coordinate system is global for all non-negative values of $\alpha$ and the limits $\alpha = 0$ and $\alpha \to \infty$ correspond to Doran coordinates and advanced EF null coordinates, respectively, without any need to transform between them.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Nov 2022 17:52:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 21 Jan 2023 13:54:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-02-15
[ [ "Hobson", "Michael", "" ] ]
A new form of the Kerr-Newman solution is presented. The solution involves a time coordinate which represents the local proper time for a charged massive particle released from rest at spatial infinity. The chosen coordinates ensure that the solution is well-behaved at horizons and enable an intuitive description of many physical phenomena. If the charge of the particle $e = 0$, the coordinates reduce to Doran coordinates for the Kerr solution with the replacement $M \to M - Q^2/(2r)$, where $M$ and $Q$ are the mass and charge of the black hole, respectively. Such coordinates are valid only for $r \ge Q^2/(2M)$, however, which corresponds to the region that a neutral particle released from rest at infinity can penetrate. By contrast, for $e \neq 0$ and of opposite sign to $Q$, the new coordinates have a progressively extended range of validity as $|e|$ increases and tend to advanced Eddington-Finkelstein (EF) null coordinates as $|e| \to \infty$, hence becoming global in this limit. The Kerr solution (i.e.\ with $Q=0$) may also be written in terms of the new coordinates by setting $eQ = -\alpha$, where $\alpha$ is a real parameter unrelated to charge; in this case the coordinate system is global for all non-negative values of $\alpha$ and the limits $\alpha = 0$ and $\alpha \to \infty$ correspond to Doran coordinates and advanced EF null coordinates, respectively, without any need to transform between them.
2206.13744
Yehui Hou
Yehui Hou, Zhenyu Zhang, Haopeng Yan, Minyong Guo, Bin Chen
Image of Kerr-Melvin black hole with thin accretion disk
24 pages, 10 figures
Phys.Rev.D 106,064058 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.064058
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
In this present work, we study the observational appearance of Kerr-Melvin black hole (KMBH) illuminated by an accretion disk. The accretion disk is assumed to be located on the equatorial plane and be thin both geometrically and optically. Considering the fact that outside the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) the accretion flow moves in prograde or retrograde circular orbit and falls towards the horizon along plunging orbit inside the ISCO, we develop the numerical backward ray-tracing method and obtain the images of KMBH accompanying with the accretion disk for various black hole spins, strengths of magnetic fields and inclination angles of observers. We present the intensity distribution horizontally and longitudinally and show the profiles of the red-shift for the direct and lensed images. Our study suggests that the inner shadow and critical curves can be used to estimate the magnetic field around a black hole without degeneration.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Jun 2022 04:03:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 30 Sep 2022 15:56:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Oct 2022 10:31:24 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-10-05
[ [ "Hou", "Yehui", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Zhenyu", "" ], [ "Yan", "Haopeng", "" ], [ "Guo", "Minyong", "" ], [ "Chen", "Bin", "" ] ]
In this present work, we study the observational appearance of Kerr-Melvin black hole (KMBH) illuminated by an accretion disk. The accretion disk is assumed to be located on the equatorial plane and be thin both geometrically and optically. Considering the fact that outside the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) the accretion flow moves in prograde or retrograde circular orbit and falls towards the horizon along plunging orbit inside the ISCO, we develop the numerical backward ray-tracing method and obtain the images of KMBH accompanying with the accretion disk for various black hole spins, strengths of magnetic fields and inclination angles of observers. We present the intensity distribution horizontally and longitudinally and show the profiles of the red-shift for the direct and lensed images. Our study suggests that the inner shadow and critical curves can be used to estimate the magnetic field around a black hole without degeneration.
gr-qc/0611149
Daniel Barraco
A.J.Bustelo and D.E.Barraco
Equilibrium hydrostatic equation and Newtonian limit of the singular f(R) gravity
Revised version, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity.
Class.Quant.Grav.24:2333-2342,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/9/011
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We derive the equilibrium hydrostatic equation of a spherical star for any gravitational Lagrangian density of the form $L=\sqrt{-g}f(R)$. The Palatini variational principle for the Helmholtz Lagrangian in the Einstein gauge is used to obtain the field equations in this gauge. The equilibrium hydrostatic equation is obtained and is used to study the Newtonian limit for $f(R)=R-\frac{a^{2}}{3R}$. The same procedure is carried out for the more generally case $f(R)=R-\frac{1}{n+2}\frac{a^{n+1}}{R^{n}}$ giving a good Newtonian limit.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Nov 2006 21:26:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Apr 2007 16:39:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Bustelo", "A. J.", "" ], [ "Barraco", "D. E.", "" ] ]
We derive the equilibrium hydrostatic equation of a spherical star for any gravitational Lagrangian density of the form $L=\sqrt{-g}f(R)$. The Palatini variational principle for the Helmholtz Lagrangian in the Einstein gauge is used to obtain the field equations in this gauge. The equilibrium hydrostatic equation is obtained and is used to study the Newtonian limit for $f(R)=R-\frac{a^{2}}{3R}$. The same procedure is carried out for the more generally case $f(R)=R-\frac{1}{n+2}\frac{a^{n+1}}{R^{n}}$ giving a good Newtonian limit.
0812.0420
Ertan G\"okl\"u
H.-P. Breuer, E. G\"okl\"u and C. L\"ammerzahl
Metric fluctuations and decoherence
7 pages
null
10.1088/0264-9381/26/10/105012
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently a model of metric fluctuations has been proposed which yields an effective Schr\"odinger equation for a quantum particle with a modified inertial mass, leading to a violation of the weak equivalence principle. The renormalization of the inertial mass tensor results from a local space average over the fluctuations of the metric over a fixed background metric. Here, we demonstrate that the metric fluctuations of this model lead to a further physical effect, namely to an effective decoherence of the quantum particle. We derive a quantum master equation for the particle's density matrix, discuss in detail its dissipation and decoherence properties, and estimate the corresponding decoherence time scales. By contrast to other models discussed in the literature, in the present approach the metric fluctuations give rise to a decay of the coherences in the energy representation, i. e., to a localization in energy space.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Dec 2008 03:20:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-26
[ [ "Breuer", "H. -P.", "" ], [ "Göklü", "E.", "" ], [ "Lämmerzahl", "C.", "" ] ]
Recently a model of metric fluctuations has been proposed which yields an effective Schr\"odinger equation for a quantum particle with a modified inertial mass, leading to a violation of the weak equivalence principle. The renormalization of the inertial mass tensor results from a local space average over the fluctuations of the metric over a fixed background metric. Here, we demonstrate that the metric fluctuations of this model lead to a further physical effect, namely to an effective decoherence of the quantum particle. We derive a quantum master equation for the particle's density matrix, discuss in detail its dissipation and decoherence properties, and estimate the corresponding decoherence time scales. By contrast to other models discussed in the literature, in the present approach the metric fluctuations give rise to a decay of the coherences in the energy representation, i. e., to a localization in energy space.
2009.01051
Paolo Aschieri
Paolo Aschieri, Andrzej Borowiec, Anna Pacho{\l}
Dispersion Relations in $\kappa$-Noncommutative Cosmology
20 pages. New version: 23 pages, added 4-dim. dispersion relations and numerical estimates
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/04/025
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study noncommutative deformations of the wave equation in curved backgrounds and discuss the modification of the dispersion relations due to noncommutativity combined with curvature of spacetime. Our noncommutative differential geometry approach is based on Drinfeld twist deformation, and can be implemented for any twist and any curved background. We discuss in detail the Jordanian twist $-$giving $\kappa$-Minkowski spacetime in flat space$-$ in the presence of a Friedman-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological background. We obtain a new expression for the variation of the speed of light, depending linearly on the ratio $E_{ph}/E_{LV}$ (photon energy / Lorentz violation scale), but also linearly on the cosmological time, the Hubble parameter and inversely proportional to the scale factor.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Sep 2020 13:25:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Feb 2021 11:48:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-14
[ [ "Aschieri", "Paolo", "" ], [ "Borowiec", "Andrzej", "" ], [ "Pachoł", "Anna", "" ] ]
We study noncommutative deformations of the wave equation in curved backgrounds and discuss the modification of the dispersion relations due to noncommutativity combined with curvature of spacetime. Our noncommutative differential geometry approach is based on Drinfeld twist deformation, and can be implemented for any twist and any curved background. We discuss in detail the Jordanian twist $-$giving $\kappa$-Minkowski spacetime in flat space$-$ in the presence of a Friedman-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological background. We obtain a new expression for the variation of the speed of light, depending linearly on the ratio $E_{ph}/E_{LV}$ (photon energy / Lorentz violation scale), but also linearly on the cosmological time, the Hubble parameter and inversely proportional to the scale factor.
1710.07597
Paul Klinger
Piotr T. Chru\'sciel, Erwann Delay, Paul Klinger
On non-degeneracy of Riemannian Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter metrics
40 pages, 2 figures, v2: minor updates and corrections
null
null
UWThPh-2017-30
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that the $TT$-gauge-fixed linearised Einstein operator is non-degenerate for Riemannian Kottler ("Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter") metrics with dimension- and topology-dependent ranges of mass parameter. We provide evidence that this remains true for all such metrics except the spherical ones with a critical mass.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Oct 2017 16:22:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Jun 2019 10:44:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-06-27
[ [ "Chruściel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Delay", "Erwann", "" ], [ "Klinger", "Paul", "" ] ]
We prove that the $TT$-gauge-fixed linearised Einstein operator is non-degenerate for Riemannian Kottler ("Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter") metrics with dimension- and topology-dependent ranges of mass parameter. We provide evidence that this remains true for all such metrics except the spherical ones with a critical mass.
1007.4995
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif and Wajiha Javed
Quantum Corrections for a Bardeen Regular Black Hole
14 pages, accepted for publication in J. Korean Phys. Soc
J. Korean Phys. Soc.57:217-222, 2010
10.3938/jkps.57.217
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study the quantum corrections to the thermodynamical quantities (temperature and entropy) for a Bardeen charged regular black hole by using a quantum tunneling approach over semiclassical approximations. Taking into account the quantum effects, the semiclassical Bekenstein-Hawking temperature and the area law are obtained, which are then used in the first law of thermodynamics to evaluate corrections to these quantities. It is interesting to mention here that these corrections reduce to the corresponding corrections for the Schwarzschild black hole when the charge $e=0$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Jul 2010 04:04:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-19
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Javed", "Wajiha", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the quantum corrections to the thermodynamical quantities (temperature and entropy) for a Bardeen charged regular black hole by using a quantum tunneling approach over semiclassical approximations. Taking into account the quantum effects, the semiclassical Bekenstein-Hawking temperature and the area law are obtained, which are then used in the first law of thermodynamics to evaluate corrections to these quantities. It is interesting to mention here that these corrections reduce to the corresponding corrections for the Schwarzschild black hole when the charge $e=0$.
gr-qc/9706028
Sergei Chervon
S.V.Chervon
Gravitational Field of the Early Universe: I.Non-linear Scalar Field as the Source
6 pages, Latex, submitted to: Grav. and Cosmol
Grav.Cosmol. 3 (1997) 145-150
null
RGS-USU-97/01
gr-qc
null
In this review article we consider three most important sources of the gravitational field of the Early Universe: self-interacting scalar field, chiral field and gauge field. The correspondence between all of them are pointed out. More attention is payed to nonlinear scalar field source of gravity. The progress in finding the exact solutions in inflationary universe is reviewed. The basic idea of `fine turning of the potential' method is discussed and computational background is presented in details. A set of new exact solutions for standard inflationary model and conformally-flat space-times are obtained. Special attention payed to relations between `fine turning of the potential' and Barrow's approaches. As the example of a synthesis of both methods new exact solution is obtained.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Jun 1997 20:50:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Chervon", "S. V.", "" ] ]
In this review article we consider three most important sources of the gravitational field of the Early Universe: self-interacting scalar field, chiral field and gauge field. The correspondence between all of them are pointed out. More attention is payed to nonlinear scalar field source of gravity. The progress in finding the exact solutions in inflationary universe is reviewed. The basic idea of `fine turning of the potential' method is discussed and computational background is presented in details. A set of new exact solutions for standard inflationary model and conformally-flat space-times are obtained. Special attention payed to relations between `fine turning of the potential' and Barrow's approaches. As the example of a synthesis of both methods new exact solution is obtained.
2106.16123
Hao-Jui Kuan
Hao-Jui Kuan, Arthur G. Suvorov, Kostas D. Kokkotas
General-relativistic treatment of tidal $g$-mode resonances in coalescing binaries of neutron stars. I. Theoretical framework and crust breaking
15 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Matches published version in MNRAS
null
10.1093/mnras/stab1898
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
During the final stages of a neutron-star binary coalescence, stellar quasi-normal modes can become resonantly excited by tidal fields. If the strain exerted by the excited modes exceeds the extent to which the crust can respond linearly, localised crustal failures may occur. In this work, we re-examine resonant $g$-mode excitations of relativistic neutron stars in the last $\sim$ 10 seconds of an inspiral. We adopt realistic equations of state that pass constraints from GW170817, include 3rd order post-Newtonian terms for the conservation orbital motion, and employ a 2.5 post-Newtonian scheme for gravitational back-reaction. Frequency modulations of the modes due to tidal fields, Lorentz forces, and (slow) rotation are also considered to investigate the maximal strain achievable by resonantly-excited $g$-modes. Depending on the equation of state, degree of stratification, and stellar magnetic field, we find that certain $g$-modes excitations may be able to break the crust some seconds prior to coalescence.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Jun 2021 15:20:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-07-14
[ [ "Kuan", "Hao-Jui", "" ], [ "Suvorov", "Arthur G.", "" ], [ "Kokkotas", "Kostas D.", "" ] ]
During the final stages of a neutron-star binary coalescence, stellar quasi-normal modes can become resonantly excited by tidal fields. If the strain exerted by the excited modes exceeds the extent to which the crust can respond linearly, localised crustal failures may occur. In this work, we re-examine resonant $g$-mode excitations of relativistic neutron stars in the last $\sim$ 10 seconds of an inspiral. We adopt realistic equations of state that pass constraints from GW170817, include 3rd order post-Newtonian terms for the conservation orbital motion, and employ a 2.5 post-Newtonian scheme for gravitational back-reaction. Frequency modulations of the modes due to tidal fields, Lorentz forces, and (slow) rotation are also considered to investigate the maximal strain achievable by resonantly-excited $g$-modes. Depending on the equation of state, degree of stratification, and stellar magnetic field, we find that certain $g$-modes excitations may be able to break the crust some seconds prior to coalescence.
1805.02565
Mauricio Bellini Prof.
Juan Ignacio Musmarra, Mariano Anabitarte, Mauricio Bellini (IFIMAR - CONICET & UNMdP)
Inflationary expansion of the universe with variable timescale
Version accepted in Eur. Phys. J. C
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6526-1
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore a cosmological model in which the time scale is variable with the expansion of the universe and the effective spacetime is driven by the inflaton field. An example is considered and their predictions are contrasted between Planck 2018 data. We calculate the spectrum indices and the slow-rolling parameters of the effective potential. The results are in very good agreement with observations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 May 2018 15:17:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Jul 2018 15:49:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 10 Sep 2018 20:41:48 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Sep 2018 15:22:12 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Dec 2018 00:47:14 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2019-01-30
[ [ "Musmarra", "Juan Ignacio", "", "IFIMAR -\n CONICET & UNMdP" ], [ "Anabitarte", "Mariano", "", "IFIMAR -\n CONICET & UNMdP" ], [ "Bellini", "Mauricio", "", "IFIMAR -\n CONICET & UNMdP" ] ]
We explore a cosmological model in which the time scale is variable with the expansion of the universe and the effective spacetime is driven by the inflaton field. An example is considered and their predictions are contrasted between Planck 2018 data. We calculate the spectrum indices and the slow-rolling parameters of the effective potential. The results are in very good agreement with observations.
gr-qc/0306025
Dr Mayeul Arminjon
Mayeul Arminjon
Point-particle limit in a scalar theory of gravitation and the weak equivalence principle
LaTeX, 6 pages. Text of a talk given at the Rencontres de Moriond: Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity, Les Arcs, France (March 22-29, 2003). Submitted to the Proceedings (J. Dumarchez, ed.)
Gravitational waves and experimental gravity, Proc. of the 38th Rencontres de Moriond (J. Dumarchez & J. Tran Thanh Van, eds.), The Gioi, Hanoi (2004), pp. 377-382
null
null
gr-qc
null
A scalar theory with a preferred reference frame is summarized. To test that theory in celestial mechanics, an "asymptotic" post-Newtonian (PN) scheme has been developed. This associates a conceptual family of self-gravitating systems with the given system, in order to have a true small parameter available. The resulting equations for a weakly-self-gravitating system of extended bodies include internal-structure effects. The internal-structure influence subsists at the point-particle limit--a violation of the weak equivalence principle. If one could develop an "asymptotic" approximation scheme in general relativity also, this could plausibly be found there also, in a gauge where the PN space metric would not be "conformally Euclidean".
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Jun 2003 13:11:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-11-19
[ [ "Arminjon", "Mayeul", "" ] ]
A scalar theory with a preferred reference frame is summarized. To test that theory in celestial mechanics, an "asymptotic" post-Newtonian (PN) scheme has been developed. This associates a conceptual family of self-gravitating systems with the given system, in order to have a true small parameter available. The resulting equations for a weakly-self-gravitating system of extended bodies include internal-structure effects. The internal-structure influence subsists at the point-particle limit--a violation of the weak equivalence principle. If one could develop an "asymptotic" approximation scheme in general relativity also, this could plausibly be found there also, in a gauge where the PN space metric would not be "conformally Euclidean".
1712.09703
Vladimir Ivashchuk
V. D. Ivashchuk and A.A. Kobtsev
Stable exponential cosmological solutions with two factor spaces in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet model with a $\Lambda$-term
37 pages, Latex, 8 figures, 42 references. One typo in eq. (3.77) is eliminated, one phrase in Introduction and the last reference are omitted. To be published in GERG
null
10.1007/s10714-018-2447-4
IGC-RUDN-18-06/02a-cor
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study $D$-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravitational model including the Gauss-Bonnet term and the cosmological term $\Lambda$. We find a class of solutions with exponential time dependence of two scale factors, governed by two Hubble-like parameters $H >0$ and $h$, corresponding to factor spaces of dimensions $m >2$ and $l > 2$, respectively. These solutions contain a fine-tuned $\Lambda = \Lambda (x, m, l, \alpha)$, which depends upon the ratio $h/H = x$, dimensions of factor spaces $m$ and $l$, and the ratio $\alpha = \alpha_2/\alpha_1$ of two constants ($\alpha_2$ and $\alpha_1$) of the model. The master equation $\Lambda(x, m, l,\alpha) = \Lambda$ is equivalent to a polynomial equation of either fourth or third order and may be solved in radicals. The explicit solution for $m = l$ is presented in Appendix. Imposing certain restrictions on $x$, we prove the stability of the solutions in a class of cosmological solutions with diagonal metrics. We also consider a subclass of solutions with small enough variation of the effective gravitational constant $G$ and show the stability of all solutions from this subclass.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Dec 2017 23:01:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Apr 2018 15:32:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Jun 2018 21:13:57 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Sep 2018 17:14:55 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2018-09-05
[ [ "Ivashchuk", "V. D.", "" ], [ "Kobtsev", "A. A.", "" ] ]
We study $D$-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravitational model including the Gauss-Bonnet term and the cosmological term $\Lambda$. We find a class of solutions with exponential time dependence of two scale factors, governed by two Hubble-like parameters $H >0$ and $h$, corresponding to factor spaces of dimensions $m >2$ and $l > 2$, respectively. These solutions contain a fine-tuned $\Lambda = \Lambda (x, m, l, \alpha)$, which depends upon the ratio $h/H = x$, dimensions of factor spaces $m$ and $l$, and the ratio $\alpha = \alpha_2/\alpha_1$ of two constants ($\alpha_2$ and $\alpha_1$) of the model. The master equation $\Lambda(x, m, l,\alpha) = \Lambda$ is equivalent to a polynomial equation of either fourth or third order and may be solved in radicals. The explicit solution for $m = l$ is presented in Appendix. Imposing certain restrictions on $x$, we prove the stability of the solutions in a class of cosmological solutions with diagonal metrics. We also consider a subclass of solutions with small enough variation of the effective gravitational constant $G$ and show the stability of all solutions from this subclass.
2011.08859
T. Padmanabhan
T. Padmanabhan
Gravitational effective action at mesoscopic scales from the quantum microstructure of spacetime
ver 2: minor edits; no figures; 9 pages
Phys. Letts., B 814 136109 (2021)
10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136109
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
At mesoscopic scales, the quantum corrected field equations of gravity should arise from extremizing, $\Omega$, the number of microscopic configurations of pre-geometric variables consistent with a given geometry. This $\Omega$, in turn, is the product over all events P of the density, $\rho(P)$, of microscopic configurations associated with each event P. One would have expected $\rho\propto\sqrt{g}$ so that $\rho d^4x$ scales as the proper volume of a region. On the other hand, at leading order, we would expect the extremum principle to be based on the Hilbert action, suggesting $\ln\rho\propto R$. I show how these two apparently contradictory requirements can be reconciled by using the functional dependence of $\sqrt{g}$ on curvature, in the Riemann normal coordinates (RNC), and coarse-graining over Planck scales. This leads to the density of microscopic configurations to be $\rho = \Delta^{-1} = \sqrt{g}_{RNC}$ where $\Delta$ is the coarse grained Van-Vleck determinant. The approach also provides: (a) systematic way of computing QG corrections to field equations and (b) a direct link between the effective action for gravity and the kinetic theory of the spacetime fluid.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Nov 2020 19:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Feb 2021 14:46:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-02-08
[ [ "Padmanabhan", "T.", "" ] ]
At mesoscopic scales, the quantum corrected field equations of gravity should arise from extremizing, $\Omega$, the number of microscopic configurations of pre-geometric variables consistent with a given geometry. This $\Omega$, in turn, is the product over all events P of the density, $\rho(P)$, of microscopic configurations associated with each event P. One would have expected $\rho\propto\sqrt{g}$ so that $\rho d^4x$ scales as the proper volume of a region. On the other hand, at leading order, we would expect the extremum principle to be based on the Hilbert action, suggesting $\ln\rho\propto R$. I show how these two apparently contradictory requirements can be reconciled by using the functional dependence of $\sqrt{g}$ on curvature, in the Riemann normal coordinates (RNC), and coarse-graining over Planck scales. This leads to the density of microscopic configurations to be $\rho = \Delta^{-1} = \sqrt{g}_{RNC}$ where $\Delta$ is the coarse grained Van-Vleck determinant. The approach also provides: (a) systematic way of computing QG corrections to field equations and (b) a direct link between the effective action for gravity and the kinetic theory of the spacetime fluid.
gr-qc/0301062
Ulises Nucamendi
Ulises Nucamendi and Marcelo Salgado
Scalar hairy black holes and solitons in asymptotically flat spacetimes
7 pages, 10 postscript figures, file tex, new postscript figs. and references added, stability analysis revisited
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 044026
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.044026
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
A numerical analysis shows that a class of scalar-tensor theories of gravity with a scalar field minimally and nonminimally coupled to the curvature allows static and spherically symmetric black hole solutions with scalar-field hair in asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the limit when the horizon radius of the black hole tends to zero, regular scalar solitons are found. The asymptotically flat solutions are obtained provided that the scalar potential $V(\phi)$ of the theory is not positive semidefinite and such that its local minimum is also a zero of the potential, the scalar field settling asymptotically at that minimum. The configurations for the minimal coupling case, although unstable under spherically symmetric linear perturbations, are regular and thus can serve as counterexamples to the no-scalar-hair conjecture. For the nonminimal coupling case, the stability will be analyzed in a forthcoming paper.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Jan 2003 04:12:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Mar 2003 00:47:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Nucamendi", "Ulises", "" ], [ "Salgado", "Marcelo", "" ] ]
A numerical analysis shows that a class of scalar-tensor theories of gravity with a scalar field minimally and nonminimally coupled to the curvature allows static and spherically symmetric black hole solutions with scalar-field hair in asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the limit when the horizon radius of the black hole tends to zero, regular scalar solitons are found. The asymptotically flat solutions are obtained provided that the scalar potential $V(\phi)$ of the theory is not positive semidefinite and such that its local minimum is also a zero of the potential, the scalar field settling asymptotically at that minimum. The configurations for the minimal coupling case, although unstable under spherically symmetric linear perturbations, are regular and thus can serve as counterexamples to the no-scalar-hair conjecture. For the nonminimal coupling case, the stability will be analyzed in a forthcoming paper.
1408.4531
Hamed Pejhan
Hamed Pejhan and Surena Rahbardehghan
Examining a covariant and renormalizable quantum field theory in de Sitter space by studying "black hole radiation"
8 pages, published version
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 31, 1650052 (2016)
10.1142/S0217751X16500524
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Respecting that any consistent quantum field theory in curved space-time must include black hole radiation, in this paper, we examine the Krein-Gupta-Bleuler (KGB) formalism as an inevitable quantization scheme in order to follow the guideline of the covariance of minimally coupled massless scalar field and linear gravity on de Sitter (dS) background in the sense of Wightman-G\"{a}rding approach, by investigating thermodynamical aspects of black holes. The formalism is interestingly free of pathological large distance behavior. In this construction, also, no infinite term appears in the calculation of expectation values of the energy-momentum tensor (we have an automatic and covariant renormalization) which results in the vacuum energy of the free field vanishes. However, the existence of an effective potential barrier, intrinsically created by black holes gravitational field, gives a Casimir-type contribution to the vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor. On this basis, by evaluating the Casimir energy-momentum tensor for a conformally coupled massless scalar field in the vicinity of a non-rotating black hole event horizon through the KGB quantization, in this work, we explicitly prove that the hole produces black-body radiation which its temperature exactly coincides with the result obtained by Hawking for black hole radiation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Aug 2014 06:06:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 Aug 2014 10:56:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Jan 2015 13:55:22 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 Jan 2015 09:29:50 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Jul 2015 12:25:54 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Mon, 2 Nov 2015 14:38:23 GMT", "version": "v6" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Mar 2016 12:24:50 GMT", "version": "v7" } ]
2018-08-14
[ [ "Pejhan", "Hamed", "" ], [ "Rahbardehghan", "Surena", "" ] ]
Respecting that any consistent quantum field theory in curved space-time must include black hole radiation, in this paper, we examine the Krein-Gupta-Bleuler (KGB) formalism as an inevitable quantization scheme in order to follow the guideline of the covariance of minimally coupled massless scalar field and linear gravity on de Sitter (dS) background in the sense of Wightman-G\"{a}rding approach, by investigating thermodynamical aspects of black holes. The formalism is interestingly free of pathological large distance behavior. In this construction, also, no infinite term appears in the calculation of expectation values of the energy-momentum tensor (we have an automatic and covariant renormalization) which results in the vacuum energy of the free field vanishes. However, the existence of an effective potential barrier, intrinsically created by black holes gravitational field, gives a Casimir-type contribution to the vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor. On this basis, by evaluating the Casimir energy-momentum tensor for a conformally coupled massless scalar field in the vicinity of a non-rotating black hole event horizon through the KGB quantization, in this work, we explicitly prove that the hole produces black-body radiation which its temperature exactly coincides with the result obtained by Hawking for black hole radiation.
2209.06938
Eduardo Velasco-Aja
Eduardo Velasco-Aja and Jesus Anero
Quantum corrections to Einstein's equations
39 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this master thesis, the Frobenius power series method is used to find spherically symmetric and static vacuum solutions to quadratic and cubic gravitational actions, representing quantum corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert action. After a motivation to the topic and an introduction, the power series solutions are presented. After recovering the results for the quadratic action of Stelle and collaborators, we found that when the Weyl cubic operator is present, the (2,2) family of solutions is still present while the Schwarzschid-de Sitter-like (1,-1) is not.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Sep 2022 21:20:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-16
[ [ "Velasco-Aja", "Eduardo", "" ], [ "Anero", "Jesus", "" ] ]
In this master thesis, the Frobenius power series method is used to find spherically symmetric and static vacuum solutions to quadratic and cubic gravitational actions, representing quantum corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert action. After a motivation to the topic and an introduction, the power series solutions are presented. After recovering the results for the quadratic action of Stelle and collaborators, we found that when the Weyl cubic operator is present, the (2,2) family of solutions is still present while the Schwarzschid-de Sitter-like (1,-1) is not.
2309.06002
Ioannis Soranidis
Sebastian Murk and Ioannis Soranidis
Kinematic and energy properties of dynamical regular black holes
13 pages, 6 figures. Published version. Comments welcome!
Phys. Rev. D 108, 124007 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.124007
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Nonsingular black holes have received much attention in recent years as they provide an opportunity to avoid the singularities inherent to the mathematical black holes predicted by general relativity. Based on the assumption that semiclassical physics remains valid in the vicinity of their horizons, we derive kinematic properties of dynamically evolving spherically symmetric regular black holes. We review the Hawking--Ellis classification of their associated energy-momentum tensors and examine the status of the null energy condition in the vicinity of their horizons as well as their interior. In addition, we analyze the trajectory of a moving observer, find that the horizons can be crossed on an ingoing geodesic, and thus entering and exiting the supposedly trapped spacetime region is possible. We outline the ramifications of this result for the information loss problem and black hole thermodynamics. Throughout the article, we illustrate relevant features based on the dynamical generalization of the regular black hole model proposed in J. High Energy Phys. 09, 118 (2022) and elucidate connections to the only self-consistent dynamical physical black hole solutions in spherical symmetry.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Sep 2023 06:58:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Dec 2023 05:17:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-07
[ [ "Murk", "Sebastian", "" ], [ "Soranidis", "Ioannis", "" ] ]
Nonsingular black holes have received much attention in recent years as they provide an opportunity to avoid the singularities inherent to the mathematical black holes predicted by general relativity. Based on the assumption that semiclassical physics remains valid in the vicinity of their horizons, we derive kinematic properties of dynamically evolving spherically symmetric regular black holes. We review the Hawking--Ellis classification of their associated energy-momentum tensors and examine the status of the null energy condition in the vicinity of their horizons as well as their interior. In addition, we analyze the trajectory of a moving observer, find that the horizons can be crossed on an ingoing geodesic, and thus entering and exiting the supposedly trapped spacetime region is possible. We outline the ramifications of this result for the information loss problem and black hole thermodynamics. Throughout the article, we illustrate relevant features based on the dynamical generalization of the regular black hole model proposed in J. High Energy Phys. 09, 118 (2022) and elucidate connections to the only self-consistent dynamical physical black hole solutions in spherical symmetry.
1610.08357
Athanasios Bakopoulos
Athanasios Bakopoulos
Gravitoelectromagnetism: Basic principles, novel approaches and their application to Electromagnetism
67 pages, Master Thesis
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work is focused on the theory of Gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM). In the first part of this work we present a brief review of gravitoelectromagnetism, we locate and discuss all the problems which appear in this approach. We also try to avoid these problems by proposing new approaches in which we use the additional degrees of freedom of the gravitational field. In the second part of this work, we review our previous work regarding the construction of a tensorial theory, using the formalism of General Relativity, which aims to describe the true electromagnetism. We also extend this theory in order to make it more realistic. Finally in the third part of this work, we investigate the existence of gravitational invariants similar to the electromagnetic ones.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Oct 2016 15:46:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-10-27
[ [ "Bakopoulos", "Athanasios", "" ] ]
This work is focused on the theory of Gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM). In the first part of this work we present a brief review of gravitoelectromagnetism, we locate and discuss all the problems which appear in this approach. We also try to avoid these problems by proposing new approaches in which we use the additional degrees of freedom of the gravitational field. In the second part of this work, we review our previous work regarding the construction of a tensorial theory, using the formalism of General Relativity, which aims to describe the true electromagnetism. We also extend this theory in order to make it more realistic. Finally in the third part of this work, we investigate the existence of gravitational invariants similar to the electromagnetic ones.
gr-qc/0605155
Scott Pollack
Scott E Pollack and Robin Tuck Stebbins
A Demonstration of LISA Laser Communication
minor corrections found in the CQG version
Class.Quant.Grav.23:4201-4213,2006
10.1088/0264-9381/23/12/015
null
gr-qc
null
Over the past few years questions have been raised concerning the use of laser communications links between sciencecraft to transmit phase information crucial to the reduction of laser frequency noise in the LISA science measurement. The concern is that applying medium frequency phase modulations to the laser carrier could compromise the phase stability of the LISA fringe signal. We have modified the table-top interferometer presented in a previous article by applying phase modulations to the laser beams in order to evaluate the effects of such modulations on the LISA science fringe signal. We have demonstrated that the phase resolution of the science signal is not degraded by the presence of medium frequency phase modulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 May 2006 19:38:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-05
[ [ "Pollack", "Scott E", "" ], [ "Stebbins", "Robin Tuck", "" ] ]
Over the past few years questions have been raised concerning the use of laser communications links between sciencecraft to transmit phase information crucial to the reduction of laser frequency noise in the LISA science measurement. The concern is that applying medium frequency phase modulations to the laser carrier could compromise the phase stability of the LISA fringe signal. We have modified the table-top interferometer presented in a previous article by applying phase modulations to the laser beams in order to evaluate the effects of such modulations on the LISA science fringe signal. We have demonstrated that the phase resolution of the science signal is not degraded by the presence of medium frequency phase modulations.
gr-qc/0104101
Will Loinaz
J. B. Hertzberg, S. R. Bickman, M. T. Hummon, D. Krause, S. K. Peck and L. R. Hunter (Amherst College)
Measurement of the Relativistic Potential Difference Across a Rotating Dielectric Cylinder
22 pages, 5 figures; to be published in the American Journal of Physics
Am.J.Phys. 69 (2001) 648-654
10.1119/1.1362695
null
gr-qc hep-ex
null
According to the Special Theory of Relativity, a rotating magnetic dielectric cylinder in an axial magnetic field should exhibit a contribution to the radial electric potential that is associated with the motion of the material's magnetic dipoles. In 1913 Wilson and Wilson reported a measurement of the potential difference across a magnetic dielectric constructed from wax and steel balls. Their measurement has long been regarded as a verification of this prediction. In 1995 Pelligrini and Swift questioned the theoretical basis of experiment. In particular, they pointed out that it is not obvious that a rotating medium may be treated as if each point in the medium is locally inertial. They calculated the effect in the rotating frame and predicted a potential different from both Wilson's theory and experiment. Subsequent analysis of the experiment suggests that Wilson's experiment does not distinguish between the two predictions due to the fact that their composite steel-wax cylinder is conductive in the regions of magnetization. We report measurements of the radial voltage difference across various rotating dielectric cylinders, including a homogeneous magnetic material (YIG), to unambiguously test the competing calculations. Our results are compatible with the traditional treatment of the effect using a co-moving locally inertial reference frame, and are incompatible with the predictions based on the model of Pelligrini and Swift.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Apr 2001 18:03:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Hertzberg", "J. B.", "", "Amherst College" ], [ "Bickman", "S. R.", "", "Amherst College" ], [ "Hummon", "M. T.", "", "Amherst College" ], [ "Krause", "D.", "", "Amherst College" ], [ "Peck", "S. K.", "", "Amherst College" ], [ "Hunter", "L. R.", "", "Amherst College" ] ]
According to the Special Theory of Relativity, a rotating magnetic dielectric cylinder in an axial magnetic field should exhibit a contribution to the radial electric potential that is associated with the motion of the material's magnetic dipoles. In 1913 Wilson and Wilson reported a measurement of the potential difference across a magnetic dielectric constructed from wax and steel balls. Their measurement has long been regarded as a verification of this prediction. In 1995 Pelligrini and Swift questioned the theoretical basis of experiment. In particular, they pointed out that it is not obvious that a rotating medium may be treated as if each point in the medium is locally inertial. They calculated the effect in the rotating frame and predicted a potential different from both Wilson's theory and experiment. Subsequent analysis of the experiment suggests that Wilson's experiment does not distinguish between the two predictions due to the fact that their composite steel-wax cylinder is conductive in the regions of magnetization. We report measurements of the radial voltage difference across various rotating dielectric cylinders, including a homogeneous magnetic material (YIG), to unambiguously test the competing calculations. Our results are compatible with the traditional treatment of the effect using a co-moving locally inertial reference frame, and are incompatible with the predictions based on the model of Pelligrini and Swift.
1309.5774
M. Hossein Dehghani
A. Sheykhi, M. H. Dehghani and S. E. Hosseini
Emergence of spacetime dynamics in entropy corrected and braneworld models
17 pages, Latex. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1304.3054
JCAP, 04 (2013) 038
10.1088/1475-7516/2013/04/038
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A very interesting new proposal on the origin of the cosmic expansion was recently suggested by Padmanabhan [arXiv:1206.4916]. He argued that the difference between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom in a region of space drives the accelerated expansion of the universe, as well as the standard Friedmann equation through relation $% \triangle V=\triangle t(N_{\mathrm{sur}}-N_{\mathrm{bulk}})$. In this paper, we first present the general expression for the number of degrees of freedom on the holographic surface, $N_{\mathrm{sur}}$, using the general entropy corrected formula $S=\frac{A}{4 L_{p}^2}+s(A)$. Then, as two example, by applying the Padmanabhan's idea we extract the corresponding Friedmann equations in the presence of power-law and logarithmic correction terms in the entropy. We also extend the study to RS II and DGP branworld models and derive successfully the correct form of the Friedmann equations in these theories. Our study further supports the viability of Padmanabhan's proposal.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Sep 2013 11:37:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-09-24
[ [ "Sheykhi", "A.", "" ], [ "Dehghani", "M. H.", "" ], [ "Hosseini", "S. E.", "" ] ]
A very interesting new proposal on the origin of the cosmic expansion was recently suggested by Padmanabhan [arXiv:1206.4916]. He argued that the difference between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom in a region of space drives the accelerated expansion of the universe, as well as the standard Friedmann equation through relation $% \triangle V=\triangle t(N_{\mathrm{sur}}-N_{\mathrm{bulk}})$. In this paper, we first present the general expression for the number of degrees of freedom on the holographic surface, $N_{\mathrm{sur}}$, using the general entropy corrected formula $S=\frac{A}{4 L_{p}^2}+s(A)$. Then, as two example, by applying the Padmanabhan's idea we extract the corresponding Friedmann equations in the presence of power-law and logarithmic correction terms in the entropy. We also extend the study to RS II and DGP branworld models and derive successfully the correct form of the Friedmann equations in these theories. Our study further supports the viability of Padmanabhan's proposal.
1609.01540
David Viennot
David Viennot, Olivia Moro
Adiabatic transport of qubits around a black hole
null
Class. Quant. Gravity, 34, 055005 (2017)
10.1088/1361-6382/aa5b5c
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider localized qubits evolving around a black hole following a quantum adiabatic dynamics. We develop a geometric structure (based on fibre bundles) permitting to describe the quantum states of a qubit and the spacetime geometry in a single framework. The quantum decoherence induced by the black hole on the qubit is analysed in this framework (the role of the dynamical and geometric phases in this decoherence is treated), especially for the quantum teleportation protocol when one qubit falls to the event horizon. A simple formula to compute the fidelity of the teleportation is derived. The case of a Schwarzschild black hole is analysed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Sep 2016 13:14:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Jan 2017 10:01:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-02-13
[ [ "Viennot", "David", "" ], [ "Moro", "Olivia", "" ] ]
We consider localized qubits evolving around a black hole following a quantum adiabatic dynamics. We develop a geometric structure (based on fibre bundles) permitting to describe the quantum states of a qubit and the spacetime geometry in a single framework. The quantum decoherence induced by the black hole on the qubit is analysed in this framework (the role of the dynamical and geometric phases in this decoherence is treated), especially for the quantum teleportation protocol when one qubit falls to the event horizon. A simple formula to compute the fidelity of the teleportation is derived. The case of a Schwarzschild black hole is analysed.
gr-qc/0309076
Karasik David
D. Karasik, C. Sahabandu, P. Suranyi and L. C. R. Wijewardhana
Small Black Holes in Randall-Sundrum type I Scenario
Version published at Phys. Rev. D69:064022 (2004)
Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 064022
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.064022
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
An approximation method to study the properties of a small black hole located on the TeV brane in the Randall-Sundrum type I scenario is presented. The method enables us to find the form of the metric close to the matter distribution when its asymptotic form is given. The short range solution is found as an expansion in the ratio between the Schwarzschild radius of the black hole and the curvature length of the bulk. Long range properties are introduced using the linearized gravity solution as an asymptotic boundary condition. The solution is found up to first order. It is valid in the region close to the horizon but is not valid on the horizon. The regularity of the horizon is still under study.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Sep 2003 16:23:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Sep 2003 20:28:29 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Mar 2004 16:38:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Karasik", "D.", "" ], [ "Sahabandu", "C.", "" ], [ "Suranyi", "P.", "" ], [ "Wijewardhana", "L. C. R.", "" ] ]
An approximation method to study the properties of a small black hole located on the TeV brane in the Randall-Sundrum type I scenario is presented. The method enables us to find the form of the metric close to the matter distribution when its asymptotic form is given. The short range solution is found as an expansion in the ratio between the Schwarzschild radius of the black hole and the curvature length of the bulk. Long range properties are introduced using the linearized gravity solution as an asymptotic boundary condition. The solution is found up to first order. It is valid in the region close to the horizon but is not valid on the horizon. The regularity of the horizon is still under study.
1603.03723
Luciano Burderi Prof.
Luciano Burderi, Tiziana Di Salvo, Rosario Iaria
Quantum clock: A critical discussion on spacetime
10 pages, published in Physical Review D
Physical Review D 93, 064017 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.064017
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We critically discuss the measure of very short time intervals. By means of a Gedankenexperiment, we describe an ideal clock based on the occurrence of completely random events. Many previous thought experiments have suggested fundamental Planck-scale limits on measurements of distance and time. Here we present a new type of thought experiment, based on a different type of clock, that provide further support for the existence of such limits. We show that the minimum time interval $\Delta t$ that this clock can measure scales as the inverse of its size $\Delta r$. This implies an uncertainty relation between space and time: $\Delta r$ $\Delta t$ $> G \hbar / c^4$; where G, $\hbar$ and c are the gravitational constant, the reduced Planck constant, and the speed of light, respectively. We outline and briefly discuss the implications of this uncertainty conjecture.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Mar 2016 18:58:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-03-14
[ [ "Burderi", "Luciano", "" ], [ "Di Salvo", "Tiziana", "" ], [ "Iaria", "Rosario", "" ] ]
We critically discuss the measure of very short time intervals. By means of a Gedankenexperiment, we describe an ideal clock based on the occurrence of completely random events. Many previous thought experiments have suggested fundamental Planck-scale limits on measurements of distance and time. Here we present a new type of thought experiment, based on a different type of clock, that provide further support for the existence of such limits. We show that the minimum time interval $\Delta t$ that this clock can measure scales as the inverse of its size $\Delta r$. This implies an uncertainty relation between space and time: $\Delta r$ $\Delta t$ $> G \hbar / c^4$; where G, $\hbar$ and c are the gravitational constant, the reduced Planck constant, and the speed of light, respectively. We outline and briefly discuss the implications of this uncertainty conjecture.
1104.0356
P.A. Gonzalez
Ram\'on Becar and P. A. Gonz\'alez
Hawking Radiation for Scalar and Dirac Fields in Five Dimensional Dilatonic Black Hole via Anomalies
10 pages
null
10.1142/S0218271812500307
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study massive scalar fields and Dirac fields propagating in a five dimensional dilatonic black hole background. We expose that for both fields the physics can be describe by a two dimensional theory, near the horizon. Then, in this limit, by applying the covariant anomalies method we find the Hawking flux by restoring the gauge invariance and the general coordinate covariance, which coincides with the flux obtained from integrating the Planck distribution for fermions.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Apr 2011 05:29:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Sep 2011 12:57:41 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 22 Jan 2012 14:30:30 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-05-27
[ [ "Becar", "Ramón", "" ], [ "González", "P. A.", "" ] ]
We study massive scalar fields and Dirac fields propagating in a five dimensional dilatonic black hole background. We expose that for both fields the physics can be describe by a two dimensional theory, near the horizon. Then, in this limit, by applying the covariant anomalies method we find the Hawking flux by restoring the gauge invariance and the general coordinate covariance, which coincides with the flux obtained from integrating the Planck distribution for fermions.
gr-qc/0305014
David Garfinkle
David Garfinkle, Robert Mann, Chris Vuille
Critical collapse of a massive vector field
7 pages, 4 figures
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 064015
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.064015
null
gr-qc
null
We perform numerical simulations of the critical gravitational collapse of a massive vector field. The result is that there are two critical solutions. One is equivalent to the Choptuik critical solution for a massless scalar field. The other is periodic.
[ { "created": "Sat, 3 May 2003 12:24:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Garfinkle", "David", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert", "" ], [ "Vuille", "Chris", "" ] ]
We perform numerical simulations of the critical gravitational collapse of a massive vector field. The result is that there are two critical solutions. One is equivalent to the Choptuik critical solution for a massless scalar field. The other is periodic.
1605.02729
Richard Woodard
D. J. Brooker (Florida), N. C. Tsamis (Crete) and R. P. Woodard (Florida)
The Effect of Features on the Functional Form of the Scalar Power Spectrum
27 pages, 14 figures, uses LaTeX2e; version 2 contains an expanded section 4 which explains how to compute the phase of the mode function so that the propagator and non-Gaussianity can be derived
Phys. Rev. D 94, 044020 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.044020
UFIFT-QG-16-02
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study how the scalar power spectrum of single-scalar inflation depends functionally on models with features which have been proposed to explain anomalies in the data. We exploit a new formalism based on evolving the norm-squared of the scalar mode functions, rather than the mode functions themselves.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 May 2016 15:53:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Sep 2016 00:43:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-27
[ [ "Brooker", "D. J.", "", "Florida" ], [ "Tsamis", "N. C.", "", "Crete" ], [ "Woodard", "R. P.", "", "Florida" ] ]
We study how the scalar power spectrum of single-scalar inflation depends functionally on models with features which have been proposed to explain anomalies in the data. We exploit a new formalism based on evolving the norm-squared of the scalar mode functions, rather than the mode functions themselves.
1711.07087
Vedad Pasic Dr
Vedad Pasic and Elvis Barakovic
Axial torsion waves in metric-affine gravity
6 pages. Proceedings of the MG14 Meeting on General Relativity, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy, 12 - 18 July 2015. Edited by: Massimo Bianchi (Universit\`a degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Italy), Robert T Jantzen (Villanova University, USA), Remo Ruffini (International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics Network (ICRANet), Italy and University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy)
null
10.1142/9789813226609_0080
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct new explicit vacuum solutions of quadratic metric-affine gravity. The approach of metric-affine gravity in using an independent affine connection produces a theory with 10+64 unknowns, which implies admitting torsion and possible nonmetricity. Our spacetimes are generalisations of classical pp-waves, four-dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes which admit a nonvanishing parallel spinor field. We generalize this definition to metric compatible spacetimes with pp-metric and purely axial torsion. It has been suggested that one can interpret that the axial component of torsion as the Hodge dual of the electromagnetic vector potential. We compare these solutions with our previous results and other solutions of classical models describing the interaction of gravitational and neutrino fields.
[ { "created": "Sun, 19 Nov 2017 21:42:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-02-27
[ [ "Pasic", "Vedad", "" ], [ "Barakovic", "Elvis", "" ] ]
We construct new explicit vacuum solutions of quadratic metric-affine gravity. The approach of metric-affine gravity in using an independent affine connection produces a theory with 10+64 unknowns, which implies admitting torsion and possible nonmetricity. Our spacetimes are generalisations of classical pp-waves, four-dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes which admit a nonvanishing parallel spinor field. We generalize this definition to metric compatible spacetimes with pp-metric and purely axial torsion. It has been suggested that one can interpret that the axial component of torsion as the Hodge dual of the electromagnetic vector potential. We compare these solutions with our previous results and other solutions of classical models describing the interaction of gravitational and neutrino fields.
2305.18521
Michael Florian Wondrak
Michael F. Wondrak, Walter D. van Suijlekom, Heino Falcke
Gravitational Pair Production and Black Hole Evaporation
11 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 (2023) 221502
10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.221502
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a new avenue to black hole evaporation using a heat-kernel approach analogous as for the Schwinger effect. Applying this method to an uncharged massless scalar field in a Schwarzschild spacetime, we show that spacetime curvature takes a similar role as the electric field strength in the Schwinger effect. We interpret our results as local pair production in a gravitational field and derive a radial production profile. The resulting emission peaks near the unstable photon orbit. Comparing the particle number and energy flux to the Hawking case, we find both effects to be of similar order. However, our pair production mechanism itself does not explicitly make use of the presence of a black hole event horizon.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 May 2023 18:00:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-06-05
[ [ "Wondrak", "Michael F.", "" ], [ "van Suijlekom", "Walter D.", "" ], [ "Falcke", "Heino", "" ] ]
We present a new avenue to black hole evaporation using a heat-kernel approach analogous as for the Schwinger effect. Applying this method to an uncharged massless scalar field in a Schwarzschild spacetime, we show that spacetime curvature takes a similar role as the electric field strength in the Schwinger effect. We interpret our results as local pair production in a gravitational field and derive a radial production profile. The resulting emission peaks near the unstable photon orbit. Comparing the particle number and energy flux to the Hawking case, we find both effects to be of similar order. However, our pair production mechanism itself does not explicitly make use of the presence of a black hole event horizon.
1709.10155
Lior M. Burko
Lior M. Burko and Gaurav Khanna
Linearized Stability of Extreme Black Holes
4 pages, 4 figures
Phys. Rev. D 97, 061502 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.061502
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Extreme black holes have been argued to be unstable, in the sense that under linearized gravitational perturbations of the extreme Kerr spacetime the Weyl scalar $\psi_4$ blows up along their event horizons at very late advanced times. We show numerically, by solving the Teukolsky equation in 2+1D, that all algebraically-independent curvature scalar polynomials approach limits that exist when advanced time along the event horizon approaches infinity. Therefore, the horizons of extreme black holes are stable against linearized gravitational perturbations. We argue that the divergence of $\psi_4$ is a consequence of the choice of a fixed tetrad, and that in a suitable dynamical tetrad all Weyl scalars, including $\psi_4$, approach their background extreme Kerr values. We make similar conclusions also for the case of scalar field perturbations of extreme Kerr.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Sep 2017 20:12:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-04-04
[ [ "Burko", "Lior M.", "" ], [ "Khanna", "Gaurav", "" ] ]
Extreme black holes have been argued to be unstable, in the sense that under linearized gravitational perturbations of the extreme Kerr spacetime the Weyl scalar $\psi_4$ blows up along their event horizons at very late advanced times. We show numerically, by solving the Teukolsky equation in 2+1D, that all algebraically-independent curvature scalar polynomials approach limits that exist when advanced time along the event horizon approaches infinity. Therefore, the horizons of extreme black holes are stable against linearized gravitational perturbations. We argue that the divergence of $\psi_4$ is a consequence of the choice of a fixed tetrad, and that in a suitable dynamical tetrad all Weyl scalars, including $\psi_4$, approach their background extreme Kerr values. We make similar conclusions also for the case of scalar field perturbations of extreme Kerr.
1911.10296
Euclides Silva
L.A. Lessa, J.E.G. Silva, R.V. Maluf, C.A.S. Almeida
Modified black hole solution with a background Kalb-Ramond field
9 pages. Published version
Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 335 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7902-1
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We study the gravitation effects on a static and spherically symmetric spacetime due to the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a Kalb-Ramond field. The Kalb-Ramond VEV is a background tensor field which produces a local Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) of spacetime. Considering a non-minimal coupling between the Kalb-Ramond (VEV) and the Ricci tensor, we obtain an exact parameter-dependent power-law modified black hole. For a particular choice of the LSB parameter, the Lorentz violation produces a solution similar to the Reissner-Nordstrom, despite the absence of charge. The near-horizon geometry is modified by including a new inner horizon and shifting the Schwarzschild horizon. Asymptotically, the usual Minkowski spacetime with a background tensor field is recovered. The vacuum configurations are studied considering the energy conditions and the Lorentz violating source properties. By means of the mercury perihelion test, an upper bound to the local Lorentz violation (LV) is obtained, and its corresponding effects on the black hole temperature is investigated.
[ { "created": "Sat, 23 Nov 2019 01:35:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 30 May 2020 01:15:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-06-02
[ [ "Lessa", "L. A.", "" ], [ "Silva", "J. E. G.", "" ], [ "Maluf", "R. V.", "" ], [ "Almeida", "C. A. S.", "" ] ]
We study the gravitation effects on a static and spherically symmetric spacetime due to the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a Kalb-Ramond field. The Kalb-Ramond VEV is a background tensor field which produces a local Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) of spacetime. Considering a non-minimal coupling between the Kalb-Ramond (VEV) and the Ricci tensor, we obtain an exact parameter-dependent power-law modified black hole. For a particular choice of the LSB parameter, the Lorentz violation produces a solution similar to the Reissner-Nordstrom, despite the absence of charge. The near-horizon geometry is modified by including a new inner horizon and shifting the Schwarzschild horizon. Asymptotically, the usual Minkowski spacetime with a background tensor field is recovered. The vacuum configurations are studied considering the energy conditions and the Lorentz violating source properties. By means of the mercury perihelion test, an upper bound to the local Lorentz violation (LV) is obtained, and its corresponding effects on the black hole temperature is investigated.
1905.03272
Bo Wang
Bo Wang, Yang Zhang
Second-order cosmological perturbations. IV. Produced by scalar-tensor and tensor-tensor couplings during the radiation dominated stage
79 pages, 2 figures
Phys. Rev. D 99, 123008 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.123008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We continue to study the 2nd-order cosmological perturbations in synchronous coordinates in the framework of the general relativity (GR) during the radiation dominated (RD) stage, and to focus on the scalar-tensor and tensor-tensor couplings. The 1st-order curl velocity and the associated 1st-order vector metric perturbations are assumed to be vanishing. By analytically solving the 2nd-order Einstein equation and the energy-momentum conservation equations, we obtain the 2nd-order formal solutions (in the integral form) of all the metric perturbations, density contrast and velocity; perform the transformation between the synchronous coordinates; and identify the residual gauge modes in the 2nd-order solutions. In addition, we present the 2nd-order gauge transformations of the solutions from synchronous to Poisson coordinates. To apply these formal solutions to concrete cosmological study, one needs to choose proper initial conditions and do several numerical integrals.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 May 2019 18:01:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 May 2019 02:37:12 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Jun 2019 13:26:56 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-06-27
[ [ "Wang", "Bo", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Yang", "" ] ]
We continue to study the 2nd-order cosmological perturbations in synchronous coordinates in the framework of the general relativity (GR) during the radiation dominated (RD) stage, and to focus on the scalar-tensor and tensor-tensor couplings. The 1st-order curl velocity and the associated 1st-order vector metric perturbations are assumed to be vanishing. By analytically solving the 2nd-order Einstein equation and the energy-momentum conservation equations, we obtain the 2nd-order formal solutions (in the integral form) of all the metric perturbations, density contrast and velocity; perform the transformation between the synchronous coordinates; and identify the residual gauge modes in the 2nd-order solutions. In addition, we present the 2nd-order gauge transformations of the solutions from synchronous to Poisson coordinates. To apply these formal solutions to concrete cosmological study, one needs to choose proper initial conditions and do several numerical integrals.
1701.00699
David Edward Bruschi Dr
David Edward Bruschi
On the gravitational nature of energy
4 Pages. No figures
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose the idea that not all energy is a source of gravity. We discuss the role of energy in the theory of gravitation and provide a formulation of gravity which takes into account the quantum nature of the source. We show that gravity depends dramatically on the entanglement present between the constituents of the Universe. Applications of the theory and open questions are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Dec 2016 12:37:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 17 Feb 2017 17:20:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-02-20
[ [ "Bruschi", "David Edward", "" ] ]
We propose the idea that not all energy is a source of gravity. We discuss the role of energy in the theory of gravitation and provide a formulation of gravity which takes into account the quantum nature of the source. We show that gravity depends dramatically on the entanglement present between the constituents of the Universe. Applications of the theory and open questions are also discussed.
1906.05393
Adria Delhom
Adria Delhom, Iarley P. Lobo, Gonzalo J. Olmo and Carlos Romero
A generalized Weyl structure with arbitrary non-metricity
9 pages, updated to match published version, some discussions extended
Eur. Phys. J. C 79:878 (2019)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7394-z
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A Weyl structure is usually defined by an equivalence class of pairs $({\bf g}, \boldsymbol{\omega})$ related by Weyl transformations, which preserve the relation $\nabla {\bf g}=\boldsymbol{\omega}\otimes{\bf g}$, where ${\bf g}$ and $\boldsymbol{\omega}$ denote the metric tensor and a 1-form field. An equivalent way of defining such a structure is as an equivalence class of conformally related metrics with a unique affine connection $\Gamma_{\boldsymbol{\omega}}$, which is invariant under Weyl transformations. In a standard Weyl structure, this unique connection is assumed to be torsion-free and have vectorial non-metricity. This second view allows us to present two different generalizations of standard Weyl structures. The first one relies on conformal symmetry while allowing for a general non-metricity tensor, and the other comes from extending the symmetry to arbitrary (disformal) transformations of the metric.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Jun 2019 21:41:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Oct 2019 19:38:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-11-01
[ [ "Delhom", "Adria", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Iarley P.", "" ], [ "Olmo", "Gonzalo J.", "" ], [ "Romero", "Carlos", "" ] ]
A Weyl structure is usually defined by an equivalence class of pairs $({\bf g}, \boldsymbol{\omega})$ related by Weyl transformations, which preserve the relation $\nabla {\bf g}=\boldsymbol{\omega}\otimes{\bf g}$, where ${\bf g}$ and $\boldsymbol{\omega}$ denote the metric tensor and a 1-form field. An equivalent way of defining such a structure is as an equivalence class of conformally related metrics with a unique affine connection $\Gamma_{\boldsymbol{\omega}}$, which is invariant under Weyl transformations. In a standard Weyl structure, this unique connection is assumed to be torsion-free and have vectorial non-metricity. This second view allows us to present two different generalizations of standard Weyl structures. The first one relies on conformal symmetry while allowing for a general non-metricity tensor, and the other comes from extending the symmetry to arbitrary (disformal) transformations of the metric.
1702.08118
De-Cheng Zou
De-Cheng Zou, Yunqi Liu and Ruihong Yue
Behavior of quasinormal modes and Van der Waals-like phase transition of charged AdS black holes in massive gravity
18 pages, V3: minor corrections
Eur. Phys. J. C (2017) 77:365
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4937-z
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we utilize the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of a massless scalar perturbation to probe the Van der Waals-like small and large black holes (SBH/LBH) phase transition of charged topological Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in four-dimensional massive gravity. We find that the signature of this SBH/LBH phase transition is detected in the isobaric as well as in the isothermal process.This further supports the idea that the QNMs can be an efficient tool to investigate the thermodynamical phase transition.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Feb 2017 01:05:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Feb 2017 07:51:13 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 3 Jun 2017 05:35:23 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-06-06
[ [ "Zou", "De-Cheng", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yunqi", "" ], [ "Yue", "Ruihong", "" ] ]
In this work, we utilize the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of a massless scalar perturbation to probe the Van der Waals-like small and large black holes (SBH/LBH) phase transition of charged topological Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in four-dimensional massive gravity. We find that the signature of this SBH/LBH phase transition is detected in the isobaric as well as in the isothermal process.This further supports the idea that the QNMs can be an efficient tool to investigate the thermodynamical phase transition.
1803.01157
Timothy Clifton
Timothy Clifton, Viraj A. A. Sanghai
Parametrizing theories of gravity on large and small scales in cosmology
5 pages, 1 figure
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 011301 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.011301
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a link between parametrizations of alternative theories of gravity on large and small scales in cosmology. This relationship is established using theoretical consistency conditions only. We find that in both limits the "slip" and "effective Newton's constant" can be written in terms of a set of four functions of time, two of which are direct generalizations of the $\alpha$ and $\gamma$ parameters from post-Newtonian physics. This generalizes previous work that has constructed frameworks for testing gravity on small scales, and is to the best of our knowledge the first time that a link between parametrizations of gravity on such very different scales has been established. We expect our result to facilitate the imposition of observational constraints, by drastically reducing the number of functional degrees of freedom required to consistently test gravity on multiple scales in cosmology.
[ { "created": "Sat, 3 Mar 2018 13:05:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Jan 2019 10:51:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-01-09
[ [ "Clifton", "Timothy", "" ], [ "Sanghai", "Viraj A. A.", "" ] ]
We present a link between parametrizations of alternative theories of gravity on large and small scales in cosmology. This relationship is established using theoretical consistency conditions only. We find that in both limits the "slip" and "effective Newton's constant" can be written in terms of a set of four functions of time, two of which are direct generalizations of the $\alpha$ and $\gamma$ parameters from post-Newtonian physics. This generalizes previous work that has constructed frameworks for testing gravity on small scales, and is to the best of our knowledge the first time that a link between parametrizations of gravity on such very different scales has been established. We expect our result to facilitate the imposition of observational constraints, by drastically reducing the number of functional degrees of freedom required to consistently test gravity on multiple scales in cosmology.
gr-qc/0608027
Douglas Fregolente
Douglas Fregolente, George E. A. Matsas (Sao Paulo, IFT), Daniel A. T. Vanzella (Sao Paulo U., Sao Carlos)
Semiclassical approach to the decay of protons in circular motion under the influence of gravitational fields
To appear in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D74 (2006) 045032
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.045032
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We investigate the possible decay of protons in geodesic circular motion around neutral compact objects. Weak and strong decay rates and the associated emitted powers are calculated using a semi-classical approach. Our results are discussed with respect to distinct ones in the literature, which consider the decay of accelerated protons in electromagnetic fields. A number of consistency checks are presented along the paper.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Aug 2006 14:14:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Fregolente", "Douglas", "", "Sao Paulo, IFT" ], [ "Matsas", "George E. A.", "", "Sao Paulo, IFT" ], [ "Vanzella", "Daniel A. T.", "", "Sao Paulo U., Sao Carlos" ] ]
We investigate the possible decay of protons in geodesic circular motion around neutral compact objects. Weak and strong decay rates and the associated emitted powers are calculated using a semi-classical approach. Our results are discussed with respect to distinct ones in the literature, which consider the decay of accelerated protons in electromagnetic fields. A number of consistency checks are presented along the paper.
1008.0382
Ernesto F. Eiroa
Ernesto F. Eiroa, Claudio Simeone
Brans-Dicke cylindrical wormholes
11 pages, 3 figures; v3: corrected version, conclusions unchanged
Phys.Rev.D82:084039,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.084039
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Static axisymmetric thin-shell wormholes are constructed within the framework of the Brans-Dicke scalar-tensor theory of gravity. Examples of wormholes associated with vacuum and electromagnetic fields are studied. All constructions must be threaded by exotic matter, except in the case of geometries with a singularity of finite radius, associated with an electric field, which can have a throat supported by ordinary matter. These results are achieved with any of the two definitions of the flare-out condition considered.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Aug 2010 19:24:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Oct 2010 20:17:58 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Feb 2016 19:37:25 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-02-12
[ [ "Eiroa", "Ernesto F.", "" ], [ "Simeone", "Claudio", "" ] ]
Static axisymmetric thin-shell wormholes are constructed within the framework of the Brans-Dicke scalar-tensor theory of gravity. Examples of wormholes associated with vacuum and electromagnetic fields are studied. All constructions must be threaded by exotic matter, except in the case of geometries with a singularity of finite radius, associated with an electric field, which can have a throat supported by ordinary matter. These results are achieved with any of the two definitions of the flare-out condition considered.
1806.03807
Yen-Kheng Lim
Yen-Kheng Lim and Qing-hai Wang
Field equations and particle motion in covariant emergent gravity
New section added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 98, 124029 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.124029
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the full set of field equations based on Hossenfelder's recent covariant formulation of the emergent gravity model, along with perturbative and exact solutions. The exact solution describes a static, spherically-symmetric spacetime with a non-trivial vector field which plays the role of dark matter under the emergent gravity paradigm. Equations of motion of relativistic test masses are derived and are shown to reduce to Modified Newtonian Dynamics with additional relativistic corrections. It is also shown that the presence of the vector field gives an additional positive contribution to the bending angle in the deflection of light.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Jun 2018 04:55:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 1 Dec 2018 12:24:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-12-26
[ [ "Lim", "Yen-Kheng", "" ], [ "Wang", "Qing-hai", "" ] ]
We derive the full set of field equations based on Hossenfelder's recent covariant formulation of the emergent gravity model, along with perturbative and exact solutions. The exact solution describes a static, spherically-symmetric spacetime with a non-trivial vector field which plays the role of dark matter under the emergent gravity paradigm. Equations of motion of relativistic test masses are derived and are shown to reduce to Modified Newtonian Dynamics with additional relativistic corrections. It is also shown that the presence of the vector field gives an additional positive contribution to the bending angle in the deflection of light.
gr-qc/9801013
Uwe Gunther
U. Guenther, S. Kriskiv, A. Zhuk
On stable compactification with Casimir-like potential
17 pages, Latex2e, submitted to Gravitation and Cosmology, slightly revised Appendix B
Grav.Cosmol. 4 (1998) 1-16
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
Multidimensional cosmological models with a higher dimensional space-time manifold are investigated under dimensional reduction. In the Einstein conformal frame, the effective potential for the internal scale factors is obtained. The stable compactification of the internal spaces is achieved due to the Casimir effect. In the case of more than one internal space a Casimir-like ansatz for the energy density of the massless scalar field fluctuations is proposed. Stable configurations with respect to the internal scale factor excitations are found in the cases of one and two internal spaces.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Jan 1998 00:59:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 Jan 1998 01:57:03 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 13 Jan 1998 11:12:52 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Guenther", "U.", "" ], [ "Kriskiv", "S.", "" ], [ "Zhuk", "A.", "" ] ]
Multidimensional cosmological models with a higher dimensional space-time manifold are investigated under dimensional reduction. In the Einstein conformal frame, the effective potential for the internal scale factors is obtained. The stable compactification of the internal spaces is achieved due to the Casimir effect. In the case of more than one internal space a Casimir-like ansatz for the energy density of the massless scalar field fluctuations is proposed. Stable configurations with respect to the internal scale factor excitations are found in the cases of one and two internal spaces.
2011.13135
Snehasish Bhattacharjee
Snehasish Bhattacharjee
Growth Rate and Configurational Entropy in Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy
null
European Physical Journal C 81, 217 (2021)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09003-0
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work, we analyzed the effect of different prescriptions of the IR cutoffs, namely the Hubble horizon cutoff, particle horizon cutoff, Granda and Oliveros horizon cut off, and the Ricci horizon cutoff on the growth rate of clustering for the Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE) model in an FRW universe devoid of any interactions between the dark Universe. Furthermore, we used the concept of configurational entropy to derive constraints (qualitatively) on the model parameters for the THDE model in each IR cutoff prescription from the fact that the rate of change of configurational entropy hits a minimum at a particular scale factor $a_{DE}$ which indicate precisely the epoch of dark energy domination predicted by the relevant cosmological model as a function of the model parameter(s). By using the current observational constraints on the redshift of transition from a decelerated to an accelerated Universe, we derived constraints on the model parameters appearing in each IR cutoff definition and on the non-additivity parameter $\delta$ characterizing the THDE model and report the existence of simple linear dependency between $\delta$ and $a_{DE}$ in each IR cutoff setup.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Nov 2020 05:41:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Mar 2021 06:12:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-03-09
[ [ "Bhattacharjee", "Snehasish", "" ] ]
In this work, we analyzed the effect of different prescriptions of the IR cutoffs, namely the Hubble horizon cutoff, particle horizon cutoff, Granda and Oliveros horizon cut off, and the Ricci horizon cutoff on the growth rate of clustering for the Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE) model in an FRW universe devoid of any interactions between the dark Universe. Furthermore, we used the concept of configurational entropy to derive constraints (qualitatively) on the model parameters for the THDE model in each IR cutoff prescription from the fact that the rate of change of configurational entropy hits a minimum at a particular scale factor $a_{DE}$ which indicate precisely the epoch of dark energy domination predicted by the relevant cosmological model as a function of the model parameter(s). By using the current observational constraints on the redshift of transition from a decelerated to an accelerated Universe, we derived constraints on the model parameters appearing in each IR cutoff definition and on the non-additivity parameter $\delta$ characterizing the THDE model and report the existence of simple linear dependency between $\delta$ and $a_{DE}$ in each IR cutoff setup.
1102.1867
Laszlo B. Szabados
J\"org Frauendiener, L\'aszl\'o B Szabados
A note on the post-Newtonian limit of quasi-local energy expressions
final version, 12 pages, The last sentence of subsection 2.2, giving the quasi-local energy in the relativistically corrected Newtonian theory, is corrected
Class. Quantum Grav. vol 28 (2011) 235009, Corrigendum: Class. Quantum Grav. vol 29 (2012) 069501
10.1088/0264-9381/28/23/235009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An `effective' quasi-local energy expression, motivated by the (relativistically corrected) Newtonian theory, is introduced in exact GR as the volume integral of all the source terms in the field equation for the Newtonian potential in static spacetimes. In particular, we exhibit a new post-Newtonian correction in the source term in the field equation for the Newtonian gravitational potential. In asymptotically flat spacetimes this expression tends to the ADM energy at the spatial infinity as a {\em monotonically decreasing} set function. We prove its positivity in spherically symmetric spacetimes under certain energy conditions, and that its vanishing characterizes flatness. We argue that any physically acceptable quasi-local energy expression should behave qualitatively like this `effective' energy expression in this limit.
[ { "created": "Wed, 9 Feb 2011 14:12:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Nov 2011 23:49:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Feb 2012 16:33:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-05-27
[ [ "Frauendiener", "Jörg", "" ], [ "Szabados", "László B", "" ] ]
An `effective' quasi-local energy expression, motivated by the (relativistically corrected) Newtonian theory, is introduced in exact GR as the volume integral of all the source terms in the field equation for the Newtonian potential in static spacetimes. In particular, we exhibit a new post-Newtonian correction in the source term in the field equation for the Newtonian gravitational potential. In asymptotically flat spacetimes this expression tends to the ADM energy at the spatial infinity as a {\em monotonically decreasing} set function. We prove its positivity in spherically symmetric spacetimes under certain energy conditions, and that its vanishing characterizes flatness. We argue that any physically acceptable quasi-local energy expression should behave qualitatively like this `effective' energy expression in this limit.
1912.09000
Miguel Sabido
Luis R. Diaz-Barron and M. Sabido
On Emergent Gravity, Ungravity and $\Lambda$
4 pages, 1 figure
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136365
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we study the "ungravity" modifications to the Friedmann equations. By using the first law of thermodynamics and the modified entropy area relationship derived from the "ungravity" contributions to the Schwarzschild black hole, we obtain modifications to the Friedmann equation that in the late time regime gives an effective cosmological constant. Therefore, this simple model can provide an "ungravity" origin to the cosmological constant $\Lambda$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Dec 2019 03:12:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-05-19
[ [ "Diaz-Barron", "Luis R.", "" ], [ "Sabido", "M.", "" ] ]
In this paper we study the "ungravity" modifications to the Friedmann equations. By using the first law of thermodynamics and the modified entropy area relationship derived from the "ungravity" contributions to the Schwarzschild black hole, we obtain modifications to the Friedmann equation that in the late time regime gives an effective cosmological constant. Therefore, this simple model can provide an "ungravity" origin to the cosmological constant $\Lambda$.
2012.07874
Simeon Bird
Barry C. Barish, Simeon Bird, Yanou Cui
Impact of a Midband Gravitational Wave Experiment On Detectability of Cosmological Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
Matches version accepted to PRD. 14 pages, 8 figures, code available at https://github.com/sbird/grav_midband
Phys. Rev. D 103, 123541 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.123541
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ex hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We make forecasts for the impact a future "midband" space-based gravitational wave experiment, most sensitive to $10^{-2}- 10$ Hz, could have on potential detections of cosmological stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs). Specific proposed midband experiments considered are TianGo, B-DECIGO and AEDGE. We propose a combined power-law integrated sensitivity (CPLS) curve combining GW experiments over different frequency bands, which shows the midband improves sensitivity to SGWBs by up to two orders of magnitude at $10^{-2} - 10$ Hz. We consider GW emission from cosmic strings and phase transitions as benchmark examples of cosmological SGWBs. We explicitly model various astrophysical SGWB sources, most importantly from unresolved black hole mergers. Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo, we demonstrated that midband experiments can, when combined with LIGO A+ and LISA, significantly improve sensitivities to cosmological SGWBs and better separate them from astrophysical SGWBs. In particular, we forecast that a midband experiment improves sensitivity to cosmic string tension $G\mu$ by up to a factor of $10$, driven by improved component separation from astrophysical sources. For phase transitions, a midband experiment can detect signals peaking at $0.1 - 1$ Hz, which for our fiducial model corresponds to early Universe temperatures of $T_*\sim 10^4 - 10^6$ GeV, generally beyond the reach of LIGO and LISA. The midband closes an energy gap and better captures characteristic spectral shape information. It thus substantially improves measurement of the properties of phase transitions at lower energies of $T_* \sim O(10^3)$ GeV, potentially relevant to new physics at the electroweak scale, whereas in this energy range LISA alone will detect an excess but not effectively measure the phase transition parameters. Our modelling code and chains are publicly available.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Dec 2020 19:00:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Jun 2021 18:43:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-30
[ [ "Barish", "Barry C.", "" ], [ "Bird", "Simeon", "" ], [ "Cui", "Yanou", "" ] ]
We make forecasts for the impact a future "midband" space-based gravitational wave experiment, most sensitive to $10^{-2}- 10$ Hz, could have on potential detections of cosmological stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs). Specific proposed midband experiments considered are TianGo, B-DECIGO and AEDGE. We propose a combined power-law integrated sensitivity (CPLS) curve combining GW experiments over different frequency bands, which shows the midband improves sensitivity to SGWBs by up to two orders of magnitude at $10^{-2} - 10$ Hz. We consider GW emission from cosmic strings and phase transitions as benchmark examples of cosmological SGWBs. We explicitly model various astrophysical SGWB sources, most importantly from unresolved black hole mergers. Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo, we demonstrated that midband experiments can, when combined with LIGO A+ and LISA, significantly improve sensitivities to cosmological SGWBs and better separate them from astrophysical SGWBs. In particular, we forecast that a midband experiment improves sensitivity to cosmic string tension $G\mu$ by up to a factor of $10$, driven by improved component separation from astrophysical sources. For phase transitions, a midband experiment can detect signals peaking at $0.1 - 1$ Hz, which for our fiducial model corresponds to early Universe temperatures of $T_*\sim 10^4 - 10^6$ GeV, generally beyond the reach of LIGO and LISA. The midband closes an energy gap and better captures characteristic spectral shape information. It thus substantially improves measurement of the properties of phase transitions at lower energies of $T_* \sim O(10^3)$ GeV, potentially relevant to new physics at the electroweak scale, whereas in this energy range LISA alone will detect an excess but not effectively measure the phase transition parameters. Our modelling code and chains are publicly available.
1001.2828
Hongsu Kim
Dong-Hoon Kim
Spinning binary waveforms via PN expansion: Equal-mass case
9 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Complete expressions of time-domain gravitational waveforms for spinning binary inspirals via the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation would require determination of the phase, amplitude, inclination angle, precession phase and spin vectors as well as the knowledge of the order coefficients for the PN expansion terms. These quantities are determined by solving simultaneously the spin-precession equations, the evolution equation for the Newtonian angular momentum, and the equation for the orbital frequency. For the spinning binaries with equal masses, determination of these quantities can be done fully analytically, by taking advantage of the equal mass symmetry, therefore by simplifying those equations to solve. We provide the analytical results through 1.5 PN order which includes spin-orbit interactions.
[ { "created": "Sat, 16 Jan 2010 14:14:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-01-19
[ [ "Kim", "Dong-Hoon", "" ] ]
Complete expressions of time-domain gravitational waveforms for spinning binary inspirals via the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation would require determination of the phase, amplitude, inclination angle, precession phase and spin vectors as well as the knowledge of the order coefficients for the PN expansion terms. These quantities are determined by solving simultaneously the spin-precession equations, the evolution equation for the Newtonian angular momentum, and the equation for the orbital frequency. For the spinning binaries with equal masses, determination of these quantities can be done fully analytically, by taking advantage of the equal mass symmetry, therefore by simplifying those equations to solve. We provide the analytical results through 1.5 PN order which includes spin-orbit interactions.
gr-qc/0410062
Gioel Calabrese
Gioel Calabrese
Finite differencing second order systems describing black hole spacetimes
null
Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 027501
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.027501
null
gr-qc
null
Keeping Einstein's equations in second order form can be appealing for computational efficiency, because of the reduced number of variables and constraints. Stability issues emerge, however, which are not present in first order formulations. We show that a standard discretization of the second order ``shifted'' wave equation leads to an unstable semi-discrete scheme if the shift parameter is too large. This implies that discretizations obtained using integrators such as Runge-Kutta, Crank-Nicholson, leap-frog are unstable for any fixed value of the Courant factor. We argue that this situation arises in numerical relativity, particularly in simulations of spacetimes containing black holes, and discuss several ways of circumventing this problem. We find that the first order reduction in time based on ``ADM'' type variables is very effective.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Oct 2004 21:09:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Calabrese", "Gioel", "" ] ]
Keeping Einstein's equations in second order form can be appealing for computational efficiency, because of the reduced number of variables and constraints. Stability issues emerge, however, which are not present in first order formulations. We show that a standard discretization of the second order ``shifted'' wave equation leads to an unstable semi-discrete scheme if the shift parameter is too large. This implies that discretizations obtained using integrators such as Runge-Kutta, Crank-Nicholson, leap-frog are unstable for any fixed value of the Courant factor. We argue that this situation arises in numerical relativity, particularly in simulations of spacetimes containing black holes, and discuss several ways of circumventing this problem. We find that the first order reduction in time based on ``ADM'' type variables is very effective.
2204.08881
Chao Zhang
Chao Zhang and Yungui Gong
Detecting electric charge with Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals
14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; v2: references added
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.124046
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider extreme mass ratio inspirals during which an electrically charged compact object with mass $m_p$ and the charge to mass ratio $q$ inspirals around a Schwarzschild black hole of mass $M$. Using the Teukolsky and generalized Sasaki-Nakamura formalisms for the gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations around a Schwarzschild black hole, we numerically calculate the energy flux of both gravitational and electromagnetic waves induced by a charged particle moving in circular orbits. With one year observation of these extreme mass ratio inspirals, we show that space-based gravitational wave detector such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna can detect the charge to mass ratio as small as $q\sim 10^{-3}$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Apr 2022 13:27:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Apr 2022 03:20:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-07-13
[ [ "Zhang", "Chao", "" ], [ "Gong", "Yungui", "" ] ]
We consider extreme mass ratio inspirals during which an electrically charged compact object with mass $m_p$ and the charge to mass ratio $q$ inspirals around a Schwarzschild black hole of mass $M$. Using the Teukolsky and generalized Sasaki-Nakamura formalisms for the gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations around a Schwarzschild black hole, we numerically calculate the energy flux of both gravitational and electromagnetic waves induced by a charged particle moving in circular orbits. With one year observation of these extreme mass ratio inspirals, we show that space-based gravitational wave detector such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna can detect the charge to mass ratio as small as $q\sim 10^{-3}$.
1408.6205
Alexey Koshelev
Aindriu Conroy, Alexey S. Koshelev, Anupam Mazumdar
Geodesic completeness and homogeneity condition for cosmic inflation
4 pages, 1 figure
Phys. Rev. D 90, 123525 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.123525
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
There are two disjointed problems in cosmology within General Relativity (GR), which can be addressed simultaneously by studying the nature of geodesics around $t\rightarrow 0$, where $t$ is the physical time. One is related to the past geodesic completeness of the inflationary trajectory due to the presence of a cosmological singularity, and the other one is related to the homogeneity condition required to inflate a local space-time patch of the universe. We will show that both the problems have a common origin, arising from how the causal structure of null and timelike geodesics are structured within GR. In particular, we will show how a non-local extension of GR can address both problems, while satisfying the null energy condition for the matter sources.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Aug 2014 18:36:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-12-24
[ [ "Conroy", "Aindriu", "" ], [ "Koshelev", "Alexey S.", "" ], [ "Mazumdar", "Anupam", "" ] ]
There are two disjointed problems in cosmology within General Relativity (GR), which can be addressed simultaneously by studying the nature of geodesics around $t\rightarrow 0$, where $t$ is the physical time. One is related to the past geodesic completeness of the inflationary trajectory due to the presence of a cosmological singularity, and the other one is related to the homogeneity condition required to inflate a local space-time patch of the universe. We will show that both the problems have a common origin, arising from how the causal structure of null and timelike geodesics are structured within GR. In particular, we will show how a non-local extension of GR can address both problems, while satisfying the null energy condition for the matter sources.
0902.0803
Travis Garrett
Travis Garrett
A Simple, Direct Finite Differencing of the Einstein Equations
5 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate a simple variation of the Generalized Harmonic method for evolving the Einstein equations. A flat space wave equation for metric perturbations is separated from the Ricci tensor, with the rest of the Ricci tensor becoming a source for these wave equations. We demonstrate that this splitting method allows for the accurate simulation of compact objects, with gravitational field strengths less than or equal to those of neutron stars. This method could thus provide a straightforward path for general relativistic effects to be added to astrophysics simulations, such as in core collapse, accretion disks, and extreme mass ratio systems.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Feb 2009 21:48:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-02-06
[ [ "Garrett", "Travis", "" ] ]
We investigate a simple variation of the Generalized Harmonic method for evolving the Einstein equations. A flat space wave equation for metric perturbations is separated from the Ricci tensor, with the rest of the Ricci tensor becoming a source for these wave equations. We demonstrate that this splitting method allows for the accurate simulation of compact objects, with gravitational field strengths less than or equal to those of neutron stars. This method could thus provide a straightforward path for general relativistic effects to be added to astrophysics simulations, such as in core collapse, accretion disks, and extreme mass ratio systems.
1401.4640
Cosimo Bambi
Cosimo Bambi
Testing the Bardeen metric with the black hole candidate in Cygnus X-1
5 pages, 2 figures. v2: a few typos corrected
Phys.Lett.B730:59-62,2014
10.1016/j.physletb.2014.01.037
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In general, it is very difficult to test the Kerr-nature of an astrophysical black hole candidate, because it is not possible to have independent measurements of both the spin parameter $a_*$ and possible deviations from the Kerr solution. Non-Kerr objects may indeed look like Kerr black holes with different spin. However, it is much more difficult to mimic an extremal Kerr black hole. The black hole candidate in Cygnus X-1 has the features of a near extremal Kerr black hole, and it is therefore a good object to test the Kerr black hole paradigm. The 3$\sigma$-bounds $a_* > 0.95$ and $a_* > 0.983$ reported in the literature and valid in the Kerr spacetime become, respectively, $a_* > 0.78$ and $|g/M| < 0.41$, and $a_* > 0.89$ and $|g/M| < 0.28$ in the Bardeen metric, where $g$ is the Bardeen charge of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Sun, 19 Jan 2014 06:57:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 25 Jan 2014 19:53:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-01-28
[ [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ] ]
In general, it is very difficult to test the Kerr-nature of an astrophysical black hole candidate, because it is not possible to have independent measurements of both the spin parameter $a_*$ and possible deviations from the Kerr solution. Non-Kerr objects may indeed look like Kerr black holes with different spin. However, it is much more difficult to mimic an extremal Kerr black hole. The black hole candidate in Cygnus X-1 has the features of a near extremal Kerr black hole, and it is therefore a good object to test the Kerr black hole paradigm. The 3$\sigma$-bounds $a_* > 0.95$ and $a_* > 0.983$ reported in the literature and valid in the Kerr spacetime become, respectively, $a_* > 0.78$ and $|g/M| < 0.41$, and $a_* > 0.89$ and $|g/M| < 0.28$ in the Bardeen metric, where $g$ is the Bardeen charge of the black hole.
2005.05798
Fay\c{c}al Hammad
Fay\c{c}al Hammad and Alexandre Landry
A simple superconductor quantum interference device for testing gravity
20 pages, 1 figure, references updated, title slightly improved
Mod. Phys. Lett. 35, 2050171 (2020)
10.1142/S0217732320501710
null
gr-qc cond-mat.supr-con
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A simple tabletop setup based on a superconducting quantum interference device is proposed for testing the gravitational interaction. A D-shaped superconducting loop has the straight segment immersed inside a massive sphere while the half-circle segment is wrapped around the sphere. The superconducting condensate within the straight arm of the loop thus bathes inside a gravitational simple harmonic oscillator potential while the condensate in the half-circle arm bathes in the constant gravitational potential around the sphere. The resulting phase difference at the Josephson junctions on both sides of the straight arm induces a sinusoidal electric current that has a frequency determined by the precise gravitational potential due to the massive sphere.
[ { "created": "Sat, 9 May 2020 17:50:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 Jun 2020 21:23:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-02
[ [ "Hammad", "Fayçal", "" ], [ "Landry", "Alexandre", "" ] ]
A simple tabletop setup based on a superconducting quantum interference device is proposed for testing the gravitational interaction. A D-shaped superconducting loop has the straight segment immersed inside a massive sphere while the half-circle segment is wrapped around the sphere. The superconducting condensate within the straight arm of the loop thus bathes inside a gravitational simple harmonic oscillator potential while the condensate in the half-circle arm bathes in the constant gravitational potential around the sphere. The resulting phase difference at the Josephson junctions on both sides of the straight arm induces a sinusoidal electric current that has a frequency determined by the precise gravitational potential due to the massive sphere.
gr-qc/0412002
Harald P. Pfeiffer
Harald P. Pfeiffer
The initial value problem in numerical relativity
Contribution to the proceedings of "Miami Waves Conference 2004", 24 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The conformal method for constructing initial data for Einstein's equations is presented in both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian picture (extrinsic curvature decomposition and conformal thin sandwich formalism, respectively), and advantages due to the recent introduction of a weight-function in the extrinsic curvature decomposition are discussed. I then describe recent progress in numerical techniques to solve the resulting elliptic equations, and explore innovative approaches toward the construction of astrophysically realistic initial data for binary black hole simulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Dec 2004 17:32:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Pfeiffer", "Harald P.", "" ] ]
The conformal method for constructing initial data for Einstein's equations is presented in both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian picture (extrinsic curvature decomposition and conformal thin sandwich formalism, respectively), and advantages due to the recent introduction of a weight-function in the extrinsic curvature decomposition are discussed. I then describe recent progress in numerical techniques to solve the resulting elliptic equations, and explore innovative approaches toward the construction of astrophysically realistic initial data for binary black hole simulations.
gr-qc/9806078
Jong Hyuk Yoon
Jong Hyuk Yoon
Quasi-Local Energy Conservation Law Derived From The Einstein's Equations
10 pages, 1 figure, RevTex
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The quasi-local energy conservation law is derived from the vacuum Einstein's equations on the timelike boundary surface in the canonical (2,2)-formalism of general relativity. The quasi-local energy and energy flux integral agree with the standard results in the asymptotically flat limit and in spherically symmetric spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jun 1998 08:42:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Yoon", "Jong Hyuk", "" ] ]
The quasi-local energy conservation law is derived from the vacuum Einstein's equations on the timelike boundary surface in the canonical (2,2)-formalism of general relativity. The quasi-local energy and energy flux integral agree with the standard results in the asymptotically flat limit and in spherically symmetric spacetimes.
1908.10806
Pierre-Henri Chavanis
Pierre-Henri Chavanis
Statistical mechanics of self-gravitating systems in general relativity: I. The quantum Fermi gas
null
Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 135, 290 (2020)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop a general formalism to determine the statistical equilibrium states of self-gravitating systems in general relativity and complete previous works on the subject. Our results are valid for an arbitrary form of entropy but, for illustration, we explicitly consider the Fermi-Dirac entropy for fermions. The maximization of entropy at fixed mass-energy and particle number determines the distribution function of the system and its equation of state. It also implies the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations of hydrostatic equilibrium and the Tolman-Klein relations. Our paper provides all the necessary equations that are needed to construct the caloric curves of self-gravitating fermions in general relativity as done in recent works. We consider the nonrelativistic limit $c\rightarrow +\infty$ and recover the equations obtained within the framework of Newtonian gravity. We also discuss the inequivalence of statistical ensembles as well as the relation between the dynamical and thermodynamical stability of self-gravitating systems in Newtonian gravity and general relativity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Aug 2019 16:16:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-12-24
[ [ "Chavanis", "Pierre-Henri", "" ] ]
We develop a general formalism to determine the statistical equilibrium states of self-gravitating systems in general relativity and complete previous works on the subject. Our results are valid for an arbitrary form of entropy but, for illustration, we explicitly consider the Fermi-Dirac entropy for fermions. The maximization of entropy at fixed mass-energy and particle number determines the distribution function of the system and its equation of state. It also implies the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations of hydrostatic equilibrium and the Tolman-Klein relations. Our paper provides all the necessary equations that are needed to construct the caloric curves of self-gravitating fermions in general relativity as done in recent works. We consider the nonrelativistic limit $c\rightarrow +\infty$ and recover the equations obtained within the framework of Newtonian gravity. We also discuss the inequivalence of statistical ensembles as well as the relation between the dynamical and thermodynamical stability of self-gravitating systems in Newtonian gravity and general relativity.
2310.17291
C\'edric Jockel
C\'edric Jockel, Laura Sagunski
Fermion Proca Stars: Vector Dark Matter Admixed Neutron Stars
20 pages, 11 figures, supersedes arXiv:2308.12174. v2: Content matches published version in Particles (open access) https://www.mdpi.com/2571-712X/7/1/4
Particles 2024, 7(1), 52-79
10.3390/particles7010004
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Dark matter could accumulate around neutron stars in sufficient amounts to affect their global properties. In this work, we study the effect of a specific model for dark matter -- a massive and self-interacting vector (spin-1) field -- on neutron stars. We describe the combined systems of neutron stars and vector dark matter using Einstein-Proca theory coupled to a nuclear-matter term, and find scaling relations between the field and metric components in the equations of motion. We construct equilibrium solutions of the combined systems, compute their masses and radii and also analyse their stability and higher modes. The combined systems admit dark matter (DM) core and cloud solutions. Core solutions compactify the neutron star component and tend to decrease the total mass of the combined system. Cloud solutions have the inverse effect. Electromagnetic observations of certain cloud-like configurations would appear to violate the Buchdahl limit. This could make Buchdahl-limit violating objects smoking gun signals for dark matter in neutron stars. The self-interaction strength is found to significantly affect both mass and radius. We also compare fermion Proca stars to objects where the dark matter is modelled using a complex scalar field. We find that fermion Proca stars tend to be more massive and geometrically larger than their scalar field counterparts for equal boson masses and self-interaction strengths. Both systems can produce degenerate masses and radii for different amounts of DM and DM particle masses.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Oct 2023 10:15:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Jan 2024 10:14:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-01-17
[ [ "Jockel", "Cédric", "" ], [ "Sagunski", "Laura", "" ] ]
Dark matter could accumulate around neutron stars in sufficient amounts to affect their global properties. In this work, we study the effect of a specific model for dark matter -- a massive and self-interacting vector (spin-1) field -- on neutron stars. We describe the combined systems of neutron stars and vector dark matter using Einstein-Proca theory coupled to a nuclear-matter term, and find scaling relations between the field and metric components in the equations of motion. We construct equilibrium solutions of the combined systems, compute their masses and radii and also analyse their stability and higher modes. The combined systems admit dark matter (DM) core and cloud solutions. Core solutions compactify the neutron star component and tend to decrease the total mass of the combined system. Cloud solutions have the inverse effect. Electromagnetic observations of certain cloud-like configurations would appear to violate the Buchdahl limit. This could make Buchdahl-limit violating objects smoking gun signals for dark matter in neutron stars. The self-interaction strength is found to significantly affect both mass and radius. We also compare fermion Proca stars to objects where the dark matter is modelled using a complex scalar field. We find that fermion Proca stars tend to be more massive and geometrically larger than their scalar field counterparts for equal boson masses and self-interaction strengths. Both systems can produce degenerate masses and radii for different amounts of DM and DM particle masses.
gr-qc/9506057
Matej Pavi
Matej Pavsic (Jozef Stefan Institute, University of Ljubljana)
On the Resolution of Time Problem in Quantum Gravity Induced from Unconstrained Membranes
22 Pages
Found.Phys.26:159-195,1996
10.1007/BF02058084
null
gr-qc
null
The relativistic theory of unconstrained $p$-dimensional membranes ($p$-branes) is further developed and then applied to the embedding model of induced gravity. Space-time is considered as a 4-dimensional unconstrained membrane evolving in an $N$-dimensional embedding space. The parameter of evolution or the evolution time $\tau$ is a distinct concept from the coordinate time $t = x^0$. Quantization of the theory is also discussed. A covariant functional Schr\" odinger equations has a solution for the wave functional such that it is sharply localized in a certain subspace $P$ of space-time, and much less sharply localized (though still localized) outside $P$. With the passage of evolution the region $P$ moves forward in space-time. Such a solution we interpret as incorporating two seemingly contradictory observations: (i) experiments clearly indicate that space-time is a continuum in which events are existing; (ii) not the whole 4-dimensional space-time, but only a 3-dimensional section which moves forward in time is accessible to our immediate experience. The notorious problem of time is thus resolved in our approach to quantum gravity. Finally we include sources into our unconstrained embedding model. Possible sources are unconstrained worldlines which are free from the well known problem concerning the Maxwell fields generated by charged unconstrained point particles.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Jun 1995 14:36:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Jun 1995 12:34:48 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 29 Jun 1995 12:20:50 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Pavsic", "Matej", "", "Jozef Stefan Institute, University of Ljubljana" ] ]
The relativistic theory of unconstrained $p$-dimensional membranes ($p$-branes) is further developed and then applied to the embedding model of induced gravity. Space-time is considered as a 4-dimensional unconstrained membrane evolving in an $N$-dimensional embedding space. The parameter of evolution or the evolution time $\tau$ is a distinct concept from the coordinate time $t = x^0$. Quantization of the theory is also discussed. A covariant functional Schr\" odinger equations has a solution for the wave functional such that it is sharply localized in a certain subspace $P$ of space-time, and much less sharply localized (though still localized) outside $P$. With the passage of evolution the region $P$ moves forward in space-time. Such a solution we interpret as incorporating two seemingly contradictory observations: (i) experiments clearly indicate that space-time is a continuum in which events are existing; (ii) not the whole 4-dimensional space-time, but only a 3-dimensional section which moves forward in time is accessible to our immediate experience. The notorious problem of time is thus resolved in our approach to quantum gravity. Finally we include sources into our unconstrained embedding model. Possible sources are unconstrained worldlines which are free from the well known problem concerning the Maxwell fields generated by charged unconstrained point particles.
gr-qc/0104026
T. Damour
Thibault Damour and Alexander Vilenkin
Gravitational wave bursts from cusps and kinks on cosmic strings
24 pages, 3 figures, Revtex, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D64:064008,2001
10.1103/PhysRevD.64.064008
IHES/P/01/15
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The strong beams of high-frequency gravitational waves (GW) emitted by cusps and kinks of cosmic strings are studied in detail. As a consequence of these beams, the stochastic ensemble of GW's generated by a cosmological network of oscillating loops is strongly non Gaussian, and includes occasional sharp bursts that stand above the ``confusion'' GW noise made of many smaller overlapping bursts. Even if only 10% of all string loops have cusps these bursts might be detectable by the planned GW detectors LIGO/VIRGO and LISA for string tensions as small as $G \mu \sim 10^{-13}$. In the implausible case where the average cusp number per loop oscillation is extremely small, the smaller bursts emitted by the ubiquitous kinks will be detectable by LISA for string tensions as small as $G \mu \sim 10^{-12}$. We show that the strongly non Gaussian nature of the stochastic GW's generated by strings modifies the usual derivation of constraints on $G \mu$ from pulsar timing experiments. In particular the usually considered ``rms GW background'' is, when $G \mu \gaq 10^{-7}$, an overestimate of the more relevant confusion GW noise because it includes rare, intense bursts. The consideration of the confusion GW noise suggests that a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) value $ G \mu \sim 10^{-6}$ is compatible with existing pulsar data, and that a modest improvement in pulsar timing accuracy could detect the confusion noise coming from a network of cuspy string loops down to $ G \mu \sim 10^{-11}$. The GW bursts discussed here might be accompanied by Gamma Ray Bursts.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Apr 2001 07:52:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Vilenkin", "Alexander", "" ] ]
The strong beams of high-frequency gravitational waves (GW) emitted by cusps and kinks of cosmic strings are studied in detail. As a consequence of these beams, the stochastic ensemble of GW's generated by a cosmological network of oscillating loops is strongly non Gaussian, and includes occasional sharp bursts that stand above the ``confusion'' GW noise made of many smaller overlapping bursts. Even if only 10% of all string loops have cusps these bursts might be detectable by the planned GW detectors LIGO/VIRGO and LISA for string tensions as small as $G \mu \sim 10^{-13}$. In the implausible case where the average cusp number per loop oscillation is extremely small, the smaller bursts emitted by the ubiquitous kinks will be detectable by LISA for string tensions as small as $G \mu \sim 10^{-12}$. We show that the strongly non Gaussian nature of the stochastic GW's generated by strings modifies the usual derivation of constraints on $G \mu$ from pulsar timing experiments. In particular the usually considered ``rms GW background'' is, when $G \mu \gaq 10^{-7}$, an overestimate of the more relevant confusion GW noise because it includes rare, intense bursts. The consideration of the confusion GW noise suggests that a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) value $ G \mu \sim 10^{-6}$ is compatible with existing pulsar data, and that a modest improvement in pulsar timing accuracy could detect the confusion noise coming from a network of cuspy string loops down to $ G \mu \sim 10^{-11}$. The GW bursts discussed here might be accompanied by Gamma Ray Bursts.
gr-qc/0010076
Pascual-Sanchez J.-F.
J.-F. Pascual-S\'anchez (University of Valladolid)
A generalized linear Hubble law for an inhomogeneous barotropic Universe
9 pages, LaTeX, to be published in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.17:4913-4918,2000
10.1088/0264-9381/17/23/309
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
In this work, I present a generalized linear Hubble law for a barotropic spherically symmetric inhomogeneous spacetime, which is in principle compatible with the acceleration of the cosmic expansion obtained as a result of high redshift Supernovae data. The new Hubble function, defined by this law, has two additional terms besides an expansion one, similar to the usual volume expansion one of the FLRW models, but now due to an angular expansion. The first additional term is dipolar and is a consequence of the existence of a kinematic acceleration of the observer, generated by a negative gradient of pressure or of mass-energy density. The second one is quadrupolar and due to the shear. Both additional terms are anisotropic for off-centre observers, because of to their dependence on a telescopic angle of observation. This generalized linear Hubble law could explain, in a cosmological setting, the observed large scale flow of matter, without to have recourse to peculiar velocity-type newtonian models. It is pointed out also, that the matter dipole direction should coincide with the CBR dipole one.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Oct 2000 18:10:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Pascual-Sánchez", "J. -F.", "", "University of Valladolid" ] ]
In this work, I present a generalized linear Hubble law for a barotropic spherically symmetric inhomogeneous spacetime, which is in principle compatible with the acceleration of the cosmic expansion obtained as a result of high redshift Supernovae data. The new Hubble function, defined by this law, has two additional terms besides an expansion one, similar to the usual volume expansion one of the FLRW models, but now due to an angular expansion. The first additional term is dipolar and is a consequence of the existence of a kinematic acceleration of the observer, generated by a negative gradient of pressure or of mass-energy density. The second one is quadrupolar and due to the shear. Both additional terms are anisotropic for off-centre observers, because of to their dependence on a telescopic angle of observation. This generalized linear Hubble law could explain, in a cosmological setting, the observed large scale flow of matter, without to have recourse to peculiar velocity-type newtonian models. It is pointed out also, that the matter dipole direction should coincide with the CBR dipole one.
gr-qc/0607033
Ali Shojai
Fatimah Shojai and Ali Shojai
Variational Methods in Loop Quantum Cosmology
To appear in EuroPhysics Letters
Europhys.Lett. 75 (2006) 702-708
10.1209/epl/i2006-10166-9
null
gr-qc
null
An action functional for the loop quantum cosmology difference equation is presented. It is shown that by guessing the general form of the solution and optimizing the action functional with respect to the parameters in the guessed solution one can obtain approximate solutions which are reasonably good.
[ { "created": "Sun, 9 Jul 2006 08:55:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Shojai", "Fatimah", "" ], [ "Shojai", "Ali", "" ] ]
An action functional for the loop quantum cosmology difference equation is presented. It is shown that by guessing the general form of the solution and optimizing the action functional with respect to the parameters in the guessed solution one can obtain approximate solutions which are reasonably good.
gr-qc/0403111
Olaf Wucknitz
Olaf Wucknitz (Universitaet Potsdam)
Sagnac effect, twin paradox and space-time topology - Time and length in rotating systems and closed Minkowski space-times
31 pages, 10 (mostly color) figures included. revtex4. Submitted to Foundations of Physics
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We discuss the Sagnac effect in standard Minkowski coordinates and with an alternative synchronization convention. We find that both approaches lead to the same result without any contradictions. When applying standard coordinates to the complete rim of the rotating disk, a time-lag has to be taken into account which accounts for the global anisotropy. We propose a closed Minkowski space-time as an exact equivalent to the rim of a disk, both in the rotating and non-rotating case. In this way the Sagnac effect can be explained as being purely topological, neglecting the radial acceleration altogether. This proves that the rim of the disk can be treated as an inertial system. In the same context we discuss the twin paradox and find that the standard scenario is equivalent to an unaccelerated version in a closed space-time. The closed topology leads to preferred frame effects which can be detected only globally. The relation of synchronization conventions to the measurement of lengths is discussed in the context of Ehrenfest's paradox. This leads to a confirmation of the classical arguments by Ehrenfest and Einstein.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Mar 2004 16:50:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Wucknitz", "Olaf", "", "Universitaet Potsdam" ] ]
We discuss the Sagnac effect in standard Minkowski coordinates and with an alternative synchronization convention. We find that both approaches lead to the same result without any contradictions. When applying standard coordinates to the complete rim of the rotating disk, a time-lag has to be taken into account which accounts for the global anisotropy. We propose a closed Minkowski space-time as an exact equivalent to the rim of a disk, both in the rotating and non-rotating case. In this way the Sagnac effect can be explained as being purely topological, neglecting the radial acceleration altogether. This proves that the rim of the disk can be treated as an inertial system. In the same context we discuss the twin paradox and find that the standard scenario is equivalent to an unaccelerated version in a closed space-time. The closed topology leads to preferred frame effects which can be detected only globally. The relation of synchronization conventions to the measurement of lengths is discussed in the context of Ehrenfest's paradox. This leads to a confirmation of the classical arguments by Ehrenfest and Einstein.
1910.04160
Waleed El Hanafy
W. El Hanafy and G.G.L. Nashed
Phenomenological Reconstruction of $f(T)$ Teleparallel Gravity
16 pages, 6 figures and 3 tables. Published in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 100, 083535 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.083535
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a novel reconstruction method of $f(T)$ teleparallel gravity from phenomenological parameterizations of the deceleration parameter or other alternatives. This can be used as a toolkit to produce viable modified gravity scenarios directly related to cosmological observations. We test two parameterizations of the deceleration parameter considered in recent literatures in addition to one parametrization of the effective (total) equation of state (EoS) of the universe. We use the asymptotic behaviour of the matter density parameter as an extra constraint to identify the viable range of the model parameters. One of the tested models shows how tiny modification can produce viable cosmic scenarios quantitatively similar to $\Lambda$CDM but qualitatively different whereas the dark energy (DE) sector becomes dynamical and fully explained by modified gravity not by a cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Wed, 9 Oct 2019 13:48:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Oct 2019 10:57:14 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-10-29
[ [ "Hanafy", "W. El", "" ], [ "Nashed", "G. G. L.", "" ] ]
We present a novel reconstruction method of $f(T)$ teleparallel gravity from phenomenological parameterizations of the deceleration parameter or other alternatives. This can be used as a toolkit to produce viable modified gravity scenarios directly related to cosmological observations. We test two parameterizations of the deceleration parameter considered in recent literatures in addition to one parametrization of the effective (total) equation of state (EoS) of the universe. We use the asymptotic behaviour of the matter density parameter as an extra constraint to identify the viable range of the model parameters. One of the tested models shows how tiny modification can produce viable cosmic scenarios quantitatively similar to $\Lambda$CDM but qualitatively different whereas the dark energy (DE) sector becomes dynamical and fully explained by modified gravity not by a cosmological constant.
gr-qc/9908035
Carey Carpenter Briggs
C. C. Briggs
A Simple Derivation of the Einstein-Maxwell Field Equations from the 2nd Ordinary Exterior Differential of a Precursor to the Soldering Form
5 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A simple derivation is given of the Einstein-Maxwell field equations from the 2nd ordinary exterior differential of a precursor to the soldering form for n-dimensional differentiable manifolds having a general linear connection and in 5-dimensional general relativity in particular.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Aug 1999 02:16:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Briggs", "C. C.", "" ] ]
A simple derivation is given of the Einstein-Maxwell field equations from the 2nd ordinary exterior differential of a precursor to the soldering form for n-dimensional differentiable manifolds having a general linear connection and in 5-dimensional general relativity in particular.
2109.09814
Frans Pretorius
Ulf Danielsson, Luis Lehner, Frans Pretorius
Dynamics and Observational Signatures of Shell-like Black Hole Mimickers
27 pages, 7 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.124011
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We undertake the task of studying the non-linear dynamics of quantum gravity motivated alternatives to black holes that in the classical limit appear as ultra-compact shells of matter. We develop a formalism that should be amenable to numerical solution in generic situations. For a concrete model we focus on the spherically symmetric AdS black bubble -- a shell of matter at the Buchdahl radius separating a Schwarzschild exterior from an AdS interior. We construct a numerical code to study the radial dynamics of and accretion onto AdS black bubbles, with exterior matter provided by scalar fields. In doing so we develop numerical methods that could be extended to future studies beyond spherical symmetry. Regarding AdS black bubbles in particular, we find that the original prescription for the internal matter fluxes needed to stabilize the black bubble is inadequate in dynamical settings, and we propose a two parameter generalization of the flux model to fix this. To allow for more efficient surveys of parameter space, we develop a simpler numerical model adapted to spherically symmetric bubble dynamics. We identify regions of parameter space that do allow for stable black bubbles, and moreover allow control to a desired end-state after an accretion episode. Based on these results, and evolution of scalar fields on black bubble backgrounds, we speculate on some observational consequences if what are currently presumed to be black holes in the universe were actually black bubbles.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Sep 2021 19:46:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-15
[ [ "Danielsson", "Ulf", "" ], [ "Lehner", "Luis", "" ], [ "Pretorius", "Frans", "" ] ]
We undertake the task of studying the non-linear dynamics of quantum gravity motivated alternatives to black holes that in the classical limit appear as ultra-compact shells of matter. We develop a formalism that should be amenable to numerical solution in generic situations. For a concrete model we focus on the spherically symmetric AdS black bubble -- a shell of matter at the Buchdahl radius separating a Schwarzschild exterior from an AdS interior. We construct a numerical code to study the radial dynamics of and accretion onto AdS black bubbles, with exterior matter provided by scalar fields. In doing so we develop numerical methods that could be extended to future studies beyond spherical symmetry. Regarding AdS black bubbles in particular, we find that the original prescription for the internal matter fluxes needed to stabilize the black bubble is inadequate in dynamical settings, and we propose a two parameter generalization of the flux model to fix this. To allow for more efficient surveys of parameter space, we develop a simpler numerical model adapted to spherically symmetric bubble dynamics. We identify regions of parameter space that do allow for stable black bubbles, and moreover allow control to a desired end-state after an accretion episode. Based on these results, and evolution of scalar fields on black bubble backgrounds, we speculate on some observational consequences if what are currently presumed to be black holes in the universe were actually black bubbles.