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1504.02767
Jonathan R. Gair
Jonathan R. Gair, Christopher J. Moore
Quantifying and mitigating bias in inference on gravitational wave source populations
11 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. D; v2 includes minor changes for consistency with accepted version
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
When using incorrect or inaccurate signal models to perform parameter estimation on a gravitational wave signal, biased parameter estimates will in general be obtained. For a single event this bias may be consistent with the posterior, but when considering a population of events this bias becomes evident as a sag below the expected diagonal line of the P-P plot showing the fraction of signals found within a certain significance level versus that significance level. It would be hoped that recently proposed techniques for accounting for model uncertainties in parameter estimation would, to some extent, alleviate this problem. Here we demonstrate that this is indeed the case. We derive an analytic approximation to the P-P plot obtained when using an incorrect signal model to perform parameter estimation. This approximation is valid in the limit of high signal-to-noise ratio and nearly correct waveform models. We show how the P-P plot changes if a Gaussian process likelihood that allows for model errors is used to analyse the data. We demonstrate analytically and using numerical simulations that the bias is always reduced in this way. These results provide a way to quantify bias in inference on populations and demonstrate the importance of utilising methods to mitigate this bias.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 Apr 2015 19:32:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 May 2015 09:16:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-01
[ [ "Gair", "Jonathan R.", "" ], [ "Moore", "Christopher J.", "" ] ]
When using incorrect or inaccurate signal models to perform parameter estimation on a gravitational wave signal, biased parameter estimates will in general be obtained. For a single event this bias may be consistent with the posterior, but when considering a population of events this bias becomes evident as a sag below the expected diagonal line of the P-P plot showing the fraction of signals found within a certain significance level versus that significance level. It would be hoped that recently proposed techniques for accounting for model uncertainties in parameter estimation would, to some extent, alleviate this problem. Here we demonstrate that this is indeed the case. We derive an analytic approximation to the P-P plot obtained when using an incorrect signal model to perform parameter estimation. This approximation is valid in the limit of high signal-to-noise ratio and nearly correct waveform models. We show how the P-P plot changes if a Gaussian process likelihood that allows for model errors is used to analyse the data. We demonstrate analytically and using numerical simulations that the bias is always reduced in this way. These results provide a way to quantify bias in inference on populations and demonstrate the importance of utilising methods to mitigate this bias.
2112.11431
Michael A. Fedderke
Michael A. Fedderke, Peter W. Graham, and Surjeet Rajendran
Asteroids for $\mu$Hz gravitational-wave detection
50 pages, 9 figures. Published version
Phys. Rev. D 105, 103018 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.103018
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.IM hep-ph physics.atom-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A major challenge for gravitational-wave (GW) detection in the $\mu$Hz band is engineering a test mass (TM) with sufficiently low acceleration noise. We propose a GW detection concept using asteroids located in the inner Solar System as TMs. Our main purpose is to evaluate the acceleration noise of asteroids in the $\mu$Hz band. We show that a wide variety of environmental perturbations are small enough to enable an appropriate class of $\sim 10$ km-diameter asteroids to be employed as TMs. This would allow a sensitive GW detector in the band $\text{(few)} \times 10^{-7} \text{Hz} \lesssim f_{\text{GW}} \lesssim \text{(few)} \times 10^{-5} \text{Hz}$, reaching strain $h_c \sim 10^{-19}$ around $f_{\text{GW}} \sim 10 \mu$Hz, sufficient to detect a wide variety of sources. To exploit these asteroid TMs, human-engineered base stations could be deployed on multiple asteroids, each equipped with an electromagnetic transmitter/receiver to permit measurement of variations in the distance between them. We discuss a potential conceptual design with two base stations, each with a space-qualified optical atomic clock measuring the round-trip electromagnetic pulse travel time via laser ranging. Tradespace exists to optimize multiple aspects of this mission: for example, using a radio-ranging or interferometric link system instead of laser ranging. This motivates future dedicated technical design study. This mission concept holds exceptional promise for accessing this GW frequency band.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Dec 2021 18:48:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2022 09:48:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-05-19
[ [ "Fedderke", "Michael A.", "" ], [ "Graham", "Peter W.", "" ], [ "Rajendran", "Surjeet", "" ] ]
A major challenge for gravitational-wave (GW) detection in the $\mu$Hz band is engineering a test mass (TM) with sufficiently low acceleration noise. We propose a GW detection concept using asteroids located in the inner Solar System as TMs. Our main purpose is to evaluate the acceleration noise of asteroids in the $\mu$Hz band. We show that a wide variety of environmental perturbations are small enough to enable an appropriate class of $\sim 10$ km-diameter asteroids to be employed as TMs. This would allow a sensitive GW detector in the band $\text{(few)} \times 10^{-7} \text{Hz} \lesssim f_{\text{GW}} \lesssim \text{(few)} \times 10^{-5} \text{Hz}$, reaching strain $h_c \sim 10^{-19}$ around $f_{\text{GW}} \sim 10 \mu$Hz, sufficient to detect a wide variety of sources. To exploit these asteroid TMs, human-engineered base stations could be deployed on multiple asteroids, each equipped with an electromagnetic transmitter/receiver to permit measurement of variations in the distance between them. We discuss a potential conceptual design with two base stations, each with a space-qualified optical atomic clock measuring the round-trip electromagnetic pulse travel time via laser ranging. Tradespace exists to optimize multiple aspects of this mission: for example, using a radio-ranging or interferometric link system instead of laser ranging. This motivates future dedicated technical design study. This mission concept holds exceptional promise for accessing this GW frequency band.
1610.08791
Cosimo Bambi
M. Ghasemi-Nodehi, Cosimo Bambi
Constraining the Kerr parameters via X-ray reflection spectroscopy
8 pages, 5 figures. v2: refereed version
Phys. Rev. D 94, 104062 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.104062
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a recent paper [Ghasemi-Nodehi & Bambi, EPJC 76 (2016) 290], we have proposed a new parametrization for testing the Kerr nature of astrophysical black hole candidates. In the present work, we study the possibility of constraining the "Kerr parameters" of our proposal using X-ray reflection spectroscopy, the so-called iron line method. We simulate observations with the LAD instrument on board of the future eXTP mission assuming an exposure time of 200~ks. We fit the simulated data to see if the Kerr parameters can be constrained. If we have the correct astrophysical model, 200~ks observations with LAD/eXTP can constrain all the Kerr parameters with the exception of $b_{11}$, whose impact on the iron line profile is extremely weak and its measurement looks very challenging.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Oct 2016 14:13:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 29 Nov 2016 20:19:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-11-30
[ [ "Ghasemi-Nodehi", "M.", "" ], [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ] ]
In a recent paper [Ghasemi-Nodehi & Bambi, EPJC 76 (2016) 290], we have proposed a new parametrization for testing the Kerr nature of astrophysical black hole candidates. In the present work, we study the possibility of constraining the "Kerr parameters" of our proposal using X-ray reflection spectroscopy, the so-called iron line method. We simulate observations with the LAD instrument on board of the future eXTP mission assuming an exposure time of 200~ks. We fit the simulated data to see if the Kerr parameters can be constrained. If we have the correct astrophysical model, 200~ks observations with LAD/eXTP can constrain all the Kerr parameters with the exception of $b_{11}$, whose impact on the iron line profile is extremely weak and its measurement looks very challenging.
gr-qc/0309132
Michael T. Anderson
Michael T. Anderson
Asymptotic behavior of future-complete cosmological space-times
16pp, to appear in the Classical and Quantum Gravity issue in Honor of Vince Moncrief. Updated, changes made to Prop. 4.5
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) S11-S28
null
null
gr-qc
null
This work discusses the apriori possible asymptotic behavior to the future, for (vacuum) space-times which are geodesically complete to the future and which admit a foliation by compact constant mean curvature Cauchy surfaces.
[ { "created": "Sat, 27 Sep 2003 15:20:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Jan 2004 15:24:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Anderson", "Michael T.", "" ] ]
This work discusses the apriori possible asymptotic behavior to the future, for (vacuum) space-times which are geodesically complete to the future and which admit a foliation by compact constant mean curvature Cauchy surfaces.
2208.09028
Ernesto Contreras
E. Contreras, Z. Stuchlik
A simple protocol to construct solutions with vanishing complexity by Gravitational Decoupling
A clarifying point not appearing in the published version regarding the mimic constraint for the mass function, has been introduced in on page 5
Eur. Phys. J. C 82, 706 (2022)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10684-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we develop a simple protocol to construct interior solutions through Gravitational Decoupling by the Minimal Geometric Deformation extended satisfying the vanishing complexity condition. The method is illustrated by using Tolman VII and Tolman IV solutions as isotropic seeds.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Aug 2022 19:01:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-07
[ [ "Contreras", "E.", "" ], [ "Stuchlik", "Z.", "" ] ]
In this work we develop a simple protocol to construct interior solutions through Gravitational Decoupling by the Minimal Geometric Deformation extended satisfying the vanishing complexity condition. The method is illustrated by using Tolman VII and Tolman IV solutions as isotropic seeds.
gr-qc/9510070
Robert Mann
C. Alvarez and R.B. Mann
The Equivalence Principle and g-2 Experiments
4 pages, latex, epsf, 1 figure
Phys.Lett. B409 (1997) 83-87
10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00801-0
WATPHYS-TH95/06
gr-qc hep-ph
null
We consider the possibility of using measurements of anomalous magnetic moments of elementary particles as a possible test of the Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP). For the class non-metric theories of gravity described by the \tmu formalism we find several novel mechanisms for breaking the EEP, and discuss the possibilities of setting new empirical constraints on such effects.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Oct 1995 18:11:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Alvarez", "C.", "" ], [ "Mann", "R. B.", "" ] ]
We consider the possibility of using measurements of anomalous magnetic moments of elementary particles as a possible test of the Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP). For the class non-metric theories of gravity described by the \tmu formalism we find several novel mechanisms for breaking the EEP, and discuss the possibilities of setting new empirical constraints on such effects.
2211.07946
S. Shankaranarayanan
Swastik Bhattacharya (BITS-Hyderabad) and S. Shankaranarayanan (IIT Bombay)
Effective field theory description of horizon-fluid determines the scrambling time
Version to appear in Universe (Open Questions in Black Hole Physics)
Universe 8(11), 603 (2022)
10.3390/universe8110603
null
gr-qc hep-th physics.flu-dyn
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Black hole horizons interact with external fields when matter-energy falls through them. Such non-stationary black hole horizons can be described using viscous fluid equations. This work attempts to describe this process using effective field theory methods. Such a description can provide important insights beyond classical black hole physics. In this work, we construct a low-energy effective field theory description for the horizon fluid of a 4-dimensional, asymptotically flat, Einstein black hole. The effective field theory of the dynamical horizon has two ingredients: degrees of freedom involved in the interaction with external fields and symmetry. The dual requirements of incorporating near-horizon symmetries (${\cal S}1$ diffeomorphism) and possessing length scales due to external perturbations is naturally satisfied if the theory on the non-stationary black hole horizon is a deformed Conformal Field Theory (CFT). For the homogeneous external perturbations, at the lowest order, this leads to $(2 + 1)-$dimensional massive scalar field where the mass is related to the extent of the deformation of the CFT. We determine the mass by obtaining the correlation function corresponding to the effective field and relating it to the bulk viscosity of the horizon fluid. Additionally, we show that the coefficient of bulk viscosity of the horizon fluid determines the time required for black holes to scramble. Furthermore, we argue that matter-field modes with energy less than $m_{\rm eff}$ falling into the horizon thermalize more slowly. Finally, we construct a microscopic toy model for the horizon fluid that reduces to the effective field theory with a single scalar degree of freedom. We then discuss the usefulness of the effective field model in understanding how information escapes from a black hole at late times.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2022 07:13:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-11-18
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Swastik", "", "BITS-Hyderabad" ], [ "Shankaranarayanan", "S.", "", "IIT\n Bombay" ] ]
Black hole horizons interact with external fields when matter-energy falls through them. Such non-stationary black hole horizons can be described using viscous fluid equations. This work attempts to describe this process using effective field theory methods. Such a description can provide important insights beyond classical black hole physics. In this work, we construct a low-energy effective field theory description for the horizon fluid of a 4-dimensional, asymptotically flat, Einstein black hole. The effective field theory of the dynamical horizon has two ingredients: degrees of freedom involved in the interaction with external fields and symmetry. The dual requirements of incorporating near-horizon symmetries (${\cal S}1$ diffeomorphism) and possessing length scales due to external perturbations is naturally satisfied if the theory on the non-stationary black hole horizon is a deformed Conformal Field Theory (CFT). For the homogeneous external perturbations, at the lowest order, this leads to $(2 + 1)-$dimensional massive scalar field where the mass is related to the extent of the deformation of the CFT. We determine the mass by obtaining the correlation function corresponding to the effective field and relating it to the bulk viscosity of the horizon fluid. Additionally, we show that the coefficient of bulk viscosity of the horizon fluid determines the time required for black holes to scramble. Furthermore, we argue that matter-field modes with energy less than $m_{\rm eff}$ falling into the horizon thermalize more slowly. Finally, we construct a microscopic toy model for the horizon fluid that reduces to the effective field theory with a single scalar degree of freedom. We then discuss the usefulness of the effective field model in understanding how information escapes from a black hole at late times.
2406.03568
Elise S\"anger
Elise M. S\"anger, Soumen Roy, Michalis Agathos, Ofek Birnholtz, Alessandra Buonanno, Tim Dietrich, Maria Haney, F\'elix-Louis Juli\'e, Geraint Pratten, Jan Steinhoff, Chris Van Den Broeck, Sylvia Biscoveanu, Prasanta Char, Anna Heffernan, Prathamesh Joshi, Atul Kedia, R. M. S. Schofield, M. Trevor, and Michael Zevin
Tests of General Relativity with GW230529: a neutron star merging with a lower mass-gap compact object
19 pages, 9 figures
null
null
LIGO-P2400200
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
On 29 May 2023, the LIGO Livingston observatory detected the gravitational-wave signal GW230529_181500 from the merger of a neutron star with a lower mass-gap compact object. Its long inspiral signal provides a unique opportunity to test General Relativity (GR) in a parameter space previously unexplored by strong-field tests. In this work, we performed parameterized inspiral tests of GR with GW230529_181500. Specifically, we search for deviations in the frequency-domain GW phase by allowing for agnostic corrections to the post-Newtonian coefficients. We performed tests with the Flexible Theory Independent (FTI) and Test Infrastructure for General Relativity (TIGER) frameworks using several quasi-circular waveform models that capture different physical effects (higher modes, spins, tides). We find that the signal is consistent with GR for all deviation parameters. Assuming the primary object is a black hole, we obtain particularly tight constraints on the dipole radiation at $-1$PN order of $|\delta\hat{\varphi}_{-2}| \lesssim 8 \times 10^{-5}$, which is a factor $\sim17$ times more stringent than previous bounds from the neutron star--black hole merger GW200115_042309, as well as on the 0.5PN and 1PN deviation parameters. We discuss some challenges that arise when analyzing this signal, namely biases due to correlations with tidal effects and the degeneracy between the 0PN deviation parameter and the chirp mass. To illustrate the importance of GW230529_181500 for tests of GR, we mapped the agnostic $-1$PN results to a class of Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) theories of gravity. We also conducted an analysis probing the specific phase deviation expected in ESGB theory and obtain an upper bound on the Gauss-Bonnet coupling of $\ell_{\rm GB} \lesssim 0.51~\rm{M}_\odot$ ($\sqrt{\alpha_{\rm GB}} \lesssim 0.28$ km), which is better than any previously reported constraint.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Jun 2024 18:30:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-07
[ [ "Sänger", "Elise M.", "" ], [ "Roy", "Soumen", "" ], [ "Agathos", "Michalis", "" ], [ "Birnholtz", "Ofek", "" ], [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ], [ "Dietrich", "Tim", "" ], [ "Haney", "Maria", "" ], [ "Julié", "Félix-Louis", "" ], [ "Pratten", "Geraint", "" ], [ "Steinhoff", "Jan", "" ], [ "Broeck", "Chris Van Den", "" ], [ "Biscoveanu", "Sylvia", "" ], [ "Char", "Prasanta", "" ], [ "Heffernan", "Anna", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Prathamesh", "" ], [ "Kedia", "Atul", "" ], [ "Schofield", "R. M. S.", "" ], [ "Trevor", "M.", "" ], [ "Zevin", "Michael", "" ] ]
On 29 May 2023, the LIGO Livingston observatory detected the gravitational-wave signal GW230529_181500 from the merger of a neutron star with a lower mass-gap compact object. Its long inspiral signal provides a unique opportunity to test General Relativity (GR) in a parameter space previously unexplored by strong-field tests. In this work, we performed parameterized inspiral tests of GR with GW230529_181500. Specifically, we search for deviations in the frequency-domain GW phase by allowing for agnostic corrections to the post-Newtonian coefficients. We performed tests with the Flexible Theory Independent (FTI) and Test Infrastructure for General Relativity (TIGER) frameworks using several quasi-circular waveform models that capture different physical effects (higher modes, spins, tides). We find that the signal is consistent with GR for all deviation parameters. Assuming the primary object is a black hole, we obtain particularly tight constraints on the dipole radiation at $-1$PN order of $|\delta\hat{\varphi}_{-2}| \lesssim 8 \times 10^{-5}$, which is a factor $\sim17$ times more stringent than previous bounds from the neutron star--black hole merger GW200115_042309, as well as on the 0.5PN and 1PN deviation parameters. We discuss some challenges that arise when analyzing this signal, namely biases due to correlations with tidal effects and the degeneracy between the 0PN deviation parameter and the chirp mass. To illustrate the importance of GW230529_181500 for tests of GR, we mapped the agnostic $-1$PN results to a class of Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) theories of gravity. We also conducted an analysis probing the specific phase deviation expected in ESGB theory and obtain an upper bound on the Gauss-Bonnet coupling of $\ell_{\rm GB} \lesssim 0.51~\rm{M}_\odot$ ($\sqrt{\alpha_{\rm GB}} \lesssim 0.28$ km), which is better than any previously reported constraint.
1412.6270
Xavier Calmet
Xavier Calmet
Virtual Black Holes, Remnants and the Information Paradox
8 pages
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 045007
10.1088/0264-9381/32/4/045007
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We revisit the question of the contributions of Planckian quantum black holes in general and of remnants in particular to low energy physics observables. As long as quantum gravity preserves the symmetries of the low energy effective field theory, we find that the bounds on the number of quantum black holes or remnants are very weak. Typically we rule out using data on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon that there are more than $10^{32}$ quantum black holes coupled to the standard model particles gravitationally. Remnants thus remain a viable option as a solution to the information paradox of black holes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Dec 2014 10:10:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Calmet", "Xavier", "" ] ]
We revisit the question of the contributions of Planckian quantum black holes in general and of remnants in particular to low energy physics observables. As long as quantum gravity preserves the symmetries of the low energy effective field theory, we find that the bounds on the number of quantum black holes or remnants are very weak. Typically we rule out using data on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon that there are more than $10^{32}$ quantum black holes coupled to the standard model particles gravitationally. Remnants thus remain a viable option as a solution to the information paradox of black holes.
0806.3504
Farook Rahaman
F. Rahaman and P. Ghosh
Gravitational field of domain wall in Lyra geometry
11 pages, 6 figures; Submitted in Astrophysics and Space Science after minor revision
Astrophys.SpaceSci.317:127-132,2008
10.1007/s10509-008-9866-8
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study the domain wall with time dependent displacement vectors based on Lyra geometry in normal gauge i.e. displacement vector $f^*_i = [ \beta (t), 0,0,0]$. The field theoretic energy momentum tensor is considered with zero pressure perpendicular to the wall. We find an exact solutions of Einstein equation for a scalar field $\phi$ with a potential $V(\phi)$ describing the gravitational field of a plane symmetric domain wall. We have seen that the hyper surfaces parallel to the wall ($ z = constant $) are three dimensional de-sitter spaces. It is also shown that the gravitational field experienced by test particle is attractive.
[ { "created": "Sat, 21 Jun 2008 09:29:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Rahaman", "F.", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "P.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the domain wall with time dependent displacement vectors based on Lyra geometry in normal gauge i.e. displacement vector $f^*_i = [ \beta (t), 0,0,0]$. The field theoretic energy momentum tensor is considered with zero pressure perpendicular to the wall. We find an exact solutions of Einstein equation for a scalar field $\phi$ with a potential $V(\phi)$ describing the gravitational field of a plane symmetric domain wall. We have seen that the hyper surfaces parallel to the wall ($ z = constant $) are three dimensional de-sitter spaces. It is also shown that the gravitational field experienced by test particle is attractive.
2407.05646
Koray D\"uzta\c{s}
Koray D\"uzta\c{s}
Can the induced increase in the angular velocity prevent the overspinning of BTZ black holes?
Accepted to appear in European Physical Journal C
Eur. Phys. J. C (2024) 84:669
10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13062-4
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Previously we showed that nearly extremal Ba\~{n}ados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes can be overspun by test bodies and fields, following the work of Rocha and Cardoso for the extremal case. The naked singularities in AdS space-times correspond to states rotating faster than light in the Ads/CFT correspondence. Therefore, overspinning turns out to be a drastic problem in a (2+1) dimensional AdS space-time, where one cannot invoke backreaction effects. Here, we consider the induced increase in the angular velocity of the event horizon which modifies the condition to allow the absorption of the perturbations satisfying the null energy condition. We show that its magnitude is sufficiently large to prevent the absorption of the challenging modes both for test bodies and scalar fields. We bring a solution to the notorious overspinning problem which does not involve any reference to self-energy or gravitational radiation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Jul 2024 06:16:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-09
[ [ "Düztaş", "Koray", "" ] ]
Previously we showed that nearly extremal Ba\~{n}ados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes can be overspun by test bodies and fields, following the work of Rocha and Cardoso for the extremal case. The naked singularities in AdS space-times correspond to states rotating faster than light in the Ads/CFT correspondence. Therefore, overspinning turns out to be a drastic problem in a (2+1) dimensional AdS space-time, where one cannot invoke backreaction effects. Here, we consider the induced increase in the angular velocity of the event horizon which modifies the condition to allow the absorption of the perturbations satisfying the null energy condition. We show that its magnitude is sufficiently large to prevent the absorption of the challenging modes both for test bodies and scalar fields. We bring a solution to the notorious overspinning problem which does not involve any reference to self-energy or gravitational radiation.
0911.1636
Brian Dolan
Brian P. Dolan
Chiral fermions and torsion in the early Universe
5 pages revtex4; error in v1 corrected.
Class.Quant.Grav.27:095010,2010; Erratum-ibid.27:249801,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/9/095010 10.1088/0264-9381/27/24/249801
DIAS-STP-10-01
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Torsion arising from fermionic matter in the Einstein-Cartan formulation of general relativity is considered in the context of Robertson-Walker geometries and the early Universe. An ambiguity in the way torsion arising from hot fermionic matter in chiral models should be implemented is highlighted and discussed. In one interpretation, chemical potentials in chiral models can contribute to the Friedmann equation and give a negative contribution to the energy density.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Nov 2009 11:15:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Dec 2009 09:26:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Apr 2010 08:18:21 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2010-12-06
[ [ "Dolan", "Brian P.", "" ] ]
Torsion arising from fermionic matter in the Einstein-Cartan formulation of general relativity is considered in the context of Robertson-Walker geometries and the early Universe. An ambiguity in the way torsion arising from hot fermionic matter in chiral models should be implemented is highlighted and discussed. In one interpretation, chemical potentials in chiral models can contribute to the Friedmann equation and give a negative contribution to the energy density.
0912.0834
Jo\~ao Lopes Costa
Jo\~ao Lopes Costa
On the classification of stationary electro-vacuum black holes
null
Class.Quant.Grav. 27 (2010) 035010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/3/035010
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We obtain a classification of stationary, $I^+$--regular, non-degenerate and analytic electro-vacuum space-times in terms of Weinstein solutions. In particular, for connected horizons, we prove uniqueness of the Kerr-Newman black holes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Dec 2009 12:23:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-06-21
[ [ "Costa", "João Lopes", "" ] ]
We obtain a classification of stationary, $I^+$--regular, non-degenerate and analytic electro-vacuum space-times in terms of Weinstein solutions. In particular, for connected horizons, we prove uniqueness of the Kerr-Newman black holes.
1603.02554
Luca Fabbri
Luca Fabbri
A generally-relativistic gauge classification of the Dirac fields
7 pages
Int.J.Geom.Meth.Mod.Phys.:13,1650078(2016)
10.1142/S021988781650078X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider generally-relativistic gauge transformations for the spinorial fields finding two mutually exclusive but together exhaustive classes in which fermions are placed adding supplementary information to the results obtained by Lounesto, and identifying quantities analogous to the momentum vector and the Pauli-Lubanski axial vector we discuss how our results are similar to those obtained by Wigner; by taking into account the system of Dirac field equations we will investigate the consequences for the dynamics: and in particular we shall address the problem of getting the non-relativistic approximation in a consistent way. We are going to comment on extensions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Mar 2016 15:36:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 Apr 2016 13:04:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 14 Jan 2017 01:33:49 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 May 2017 15:21:20 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2017-05-23
[ [ "Fabbri", "Luca", "" ] ]
We consider generally-relativistic gauge transformations for the spinorial fields finding two mutually exclusive but together exhaustive classes in which fermions are placed adding supplementary information to the results obtained by Lounesto, and identifying quantities analogous to the momentum vector and the Pauli-Lubanski axial vector we discuss how our results are similar to those obtained by Wigner; by taking into account the system of Dirac field equations we will investigate the consequences for the dynamics: and in particular we shall address the problem of getting the non-relativistic approximation in a consistent way. We are going to comment on extensions.
2312.07127
Yong Xiao
Yong Xiao and Yue-Ying Liu
First order corrections to black hole thermodynamics: a simple approach enhanced
6 pages, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Perturbation theory plays an essential role in the realm of physics, especially when it is difficult or impossible to obtain exact solutions. Incorporating higher derivative terms into the gravitational action leads to an important perturbation problem. In this paper, we demonstrate that the first order corrections to black hole thermodynamics, caused by any higher derivative terms, can be achieved without explicitly solving the modified metric. This enhances a simple approach discovered two decades ago and resolves the controversy surrounding it. Astonishingly, we observe that the perturbation theory of quantum mechanics also exhibits a similar behavior, which reveals the existence of a universal theoretical structure underlying the perturbation theories of black hole thermodynamics, quantum mechanics and even other disciplines.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Dec 2023 10:00:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 16 Feb 2024 10:00:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-19
[ [ "Xiao", "Yong", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yue-Ying", "" ] ]
Perturbation theory plays an essential role in the realm of physics, especially when it is difficult or impossible to obtain exact solutions. Incorporating higher derivative terms into the gravitational action leads to an important perturbation problem. In this paper, we demonstrate that the first order corrections to black hole thermodynamics, caused by any higher derivative terms, can be achieved without explicitly solving the modified metric. This enhances a simple approach discovered two decades ago and resolves the controversy surrounding it. Astonishingly, we observe that the perturbation theory of quantum mechanics also exhibits a similar behavior, which reveals the existence of a universal theoretical structure underlying the perturbation theories of black hole thermodynamics, quantum mechanics and even other disciplines.
1005.3306
Lucia Santamaria
L. Santamaria, F. Ohme, P. Ajith, B. Bruegmann, N. Dorband, M. Hannam, S. Husa, P. Moesta, D. Pollney, C. Reisswig, E. L. Robinson, J. Seiler and B. Krishnan
Matching post-Newtonian and numerical relativity waveforms: systematic errors and a new phenomenological model for non-precessing black hole binaries
22 pages, 11 figures
Phys.Rev.D82:064016,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.064016
LIGO-P1000048, AEI-2010-122
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a new phenomenological gravitational waveform model for the inspiral and coalescence of non-precessing spinning black hole binaries. Our approach is based on a frequency domain matching of post-Newtonian inspiral waveforms with numerical relativity based binary black hole coalescence waveforms. We quantify the various possible sources of systematic errors that arise in matching post-Newtonian and numerical relativity waveforms, and we use a matching criteria based on minimizing these errors; we find that the dominant source of errors are those in the post-Newtonian waveforms near the merger. An analytical formula for the dominant mode of the gravitational radiation of non-precessing black hole binaries is presented that captures the phenomenology of the hybrid waveforms. Its implementation in the current searches for gravitational waves should allow cross-checks of other inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform families and improve the reach of gravitational wave searches.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 May 2010 20:00:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 3 Jun 2010 12:11:03 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Aug 2010 11:41:08 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-03-17
[ [ "Santamaria", "L.", "" ], [ "Ohme", "F.", "" ], [ "Ajith", "P.", "" ], [ "Bruegmann", "B.", "" ], [ "Dorband", "N.", "" ], [ "Hannam", "M.", "" ], [ "Husa", "S.", "" ], [ "Moesta", "P.", "" ], [ "Pollney", "D.", "" ], [ "Reisswig", "C.", "" ], [ "Robinson", "E. L.", "" ], [ "Seiler", "J.", "" ], [ "Krishnan", "B.", "" ] ]
We present a new phenomenological gravitational waveform model for the inspiral and coalescence of non-precessing spinning black hole binaries. Our approach is based on a frequency domain matching of post-Newtonian inspiral waveforms with numerical relativity based binary black hole coalescence waveforms. We quantify the various possible sources of systematic errors that arise in matching post-Newtonian and numerical relativity waveforms, and we use a matching criteria based on minimizing these errors; we find that the dominant source of errors are those in the post-Newtonian waveforms near the merger. An analytical formula for the dominant mode of the gravitational radiation of non-precessing black hole binaries is presented that captures the phenomenology of the hybrid waveforms. Its implementation in the current searches for gravitational waves should allow cross-checks of other inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform families and improve the reach of gravitational wave searches.
1501.03524
Hideki Maeda
Hideki Maeda
The Roberts-(A)dS spacetime
8 pages, 7 figures, 1 table; v2, revised version, higher-dimensional solution with k=0 given in appendix; v3, final version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class. Quant. Grav. 32, 135025 (2015)
10.1088/0264-9381/32/13/135025
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Global structure of the (anti-)de~Sitter ((A)dS) generalization of the Roberts solution in general relativity with a massless scalar field and its topological generalization is clarified. In the case with a negative cosmological constant, the spacetime is asymptotically locally AdS and it contains a black-hole event horizon depending on the parameters. The spacetime may be attached to the exact AdS spacetime in a regular manner on a null hypersurface and the resulting spacetime represents gravitational collapse from a regular initial datum. The higher-dimensional counterpart of this Roberts-(A)dS solution with flat base manifold is also given.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Jan 2015 21:51:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Jan 2015 08:37:57 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Jun 2015 08:47:42 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-11-02
[ [ "Maeda", "Hideki", "" ] ]
Global structure of the (anti-)de~Sitter ((A)dS) generalization of the Roberts solution in general relativity with a massless scalar field and its topological generalization is clarified. In the case with a negative cosmological constant, the spacetime is asymptotically locally AdS and it contains a black-hole event horizon depending on the parameters. The spacetime may be attached to the exact AdS spacetime in a regular manner on a null hypersurface and the resulting spacetime represents gravitational collapse from a regular initial datum. The higher-dimensional counterpart of this Roberts-(A)dS solution with flat base manifold is also given.
1307.3291
Valeri Frolov P
Valeri P. Frolov
Generalized Fermat's principle and action for light rays in a curved spacetime
7 pages 1 figure
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.064039
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We start with formulation of the generalized Fermat's principle for light propagation in a curved spacetime. We apply Pontryagin's minimum principle of the optimal control theory and obtain an effective Hamiltonian for null geodesics in a curved spacetime. We explicitly demonstrate that dynamical equations for this Hamiltonian correctly reproduce null geodesic equations. Other forms of the action for light rays in a curved spacetime are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Jul 2013 23:05:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Frolov", "Valeri P.", "" ] ]
We start with formulation of the generalized Fermat's principle for light propagation in a curved spacetime. We apply Pontryagin's minimum principle of the optimal control theory and obtain an effective Hamiltonian for null geodesics in a curved spacetime. We explicitly demonstrate that dynamical equations for this Hamiltonian correctly reproduce null geodesic equations. Other forms of the action for light rays in a curved spacetime are also discussed.
2001.01806
Albert Huber
Albert Huber
Distributional Metrics and the Action Principle of Einstein-Hilbert Gravity
22 Pages, no figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 2020
10.1088/1361-6382/ab7614
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, a subclass of the generalized Kerr-Schild class of spacetimes is specified, with respect to which the Ricci tensor (regardless of the position of indices) proves to be linear in the so-called profile function of the geometry. Considering Colombeau's nonlinear theory of generalized functions, this result is extended to apply to an associated class of distributional Kerr-Schild geometries, and then used to formulate a variational principle for these singular spacetimes. More specifically, it is shown in this regard that a variation of a suitably regularized Einstein-Hilbert action can be performed even if the metric of one of the corresponding generalized Kerr-Schild representatives contains a generalized delta function that converges in a suitable limit to a delta distribution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Jan 2020 22:49:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-02-17
[ [ "Huber", "Albert", "" ] ]
In this work, a subclass of the generalized Kerr-Schild class of spacetimes is specified, with respect to which the Ricci tensor (regardless of the position of indices) proves to be linear in the so-called profile function of the geometry. Considering Colombeau's nonlinear theory of generalized functions, this result is extended to apply to an associated class of distributional Kerr-Schild geometries, and then used to formulate a variational principle for these singular spacetimes. More specifically, it is shown in this regard that a variation of a suitably regularized Einstein-Hilbert action can be performed even if the metric of one of the corresponding generalized Kerr-Schild representatives contains a generalized delta function that converges in a suitable limit to a delta distribution.
gr-qc/0406094
Burkhard Kleihaus
B. Kleihaus, J. Kunz and F. Navarro-Lerida
Rotating Black Holes with Monopole Hair
13 pages, 8 figures
Phys.Lett. B599 (2004) 294-300
10.1016/j.physletb.2004.08.046
null
gr-qc
null
We study rotating black holes in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory. These black holes emerge from static black holes with monopole hair when a finite horizon angular velocity is imposed. At critical values of the horizon angular velocity and the horizon radius, they bifurcate with embedded Kerr-Newman black holes. The non-Abelian black holes possess an electric dipole moment, but no electric charge is induced by the rotation. We deduce that gravitating regular monopoles possess a gyroelectric ratio g_el=2.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jun 2004 16:03:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Kleihaus", "B.", "" ], [ "Kunz", "J.", "" ], [ "Navarro-Lerida", "F.", "" ] ]
We study rotating black holes in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory. These black holes emerge from static black holes with monopole hair when a finite horizon angular velocity is imposed. At critical values of the horizon angular velocity and the horizon radius, they bifurcate with embedded Kerr-Newman black holes. The non-Abelian black holes possess an electric dipole moment, but no electric charge is induced by the rotation. We deduce that gravitating regular monopoles possess a gyroelectric ratio g_el=2.
1306.6521
Vladimir Ivashchuk
V. D. Ivashchuk and V. N. Melnikov
Quantum billiards in multidimensional models with fields of forms
14 pages, LaTex, no figures, several typos are eliminated
Gravitation and Cosmology 19, No 3, 171-177 (2013)
10.1134/S0202289313030055
IGC-PFUR-13/07-01/10-02corr
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Bianchi type I cosmological model in (n+1)-dimensional gravity with several forms is considered. When the electric non-composite brane ansatz is adopted, the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for the model, written in a conformally covariant form, is analyzed. Under certain restrictions, asymptotic solutions to the WDW equation near the singularity are found, which reduce the problem to the so-called quantum billiard on the (n-1)-dimensional Lobachevsky space H^{n-1}. Two examples of quantum billiards are considered: a 2-dimensional quantum billiard for a 4D model with three 2-forms and a 9D quantum billiard for an 11D model with 120 4-forms which mimics SM2-brane sector of D=11 supergravity. For certain solutions, vanishing of the wave function at the singularity is proved.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Jun 2013 14:44:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 13 Jul 2013 11:15:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 18 Oct 2013 21:51:50 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 Sep 2014 15:16:38 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Ivashchuk", "V. D.", "" ], [ "Melnikov", "V. N.", "" ] ]
Bianchi type I cosmological model in (n+1)-dimensional gravity with several forms is considered. When the electric non-composite brane ansatz is adopted, the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for the model, written in a conformally covariant form, is analyzed. Under certain restrictions, asymptotic solutions to the WDW equation near the singularity are found, which reduce the problem to the so-called quantum billiard on the (n-1)-dimensional Lobachevsky space H^{n-1}. Two examples of quantum billiards are considered: a 2-dimensional quantum billiard for a 4D model with three 2-forms and a 9D quantum billiard for an 11D model with 120 4-forms which mimics SM2-brane sector of D=11 supergravity. For certain solutions, vanishing of the wave function at the singularity is proved.
1505.07760
Francesco Becattini
F. Becattini, E. Grossi (University of Florence, Italy)
Quantum corrections to the stress-energy tensor in thermodynamic equilibrium with acceleration
18 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes, to appear in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 92, 045037 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.045037
null
gr-qc hep-th nucl-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that the stress-energy tensor has additional terms with respect to the ideal form in states of global thermodynamic equilibrium in flat spacetime with non-vanishing acceleration and vorticity. These corrections are of quantum origin and their leading terms are second order in the gradients of the thermodynamic fields. Their relevant coefficients can be expressed in terms of correlators of the stress-energy tensor operator and the generators of the Lorentz group. With respect to previous assessments, we find that there are more second order coefficients and that all thermodynamic functions including energy density receive acceleration and vorticity dependent corrections. Notably, also the relation between \rho and p, that is the equation of state, is affected by acceleration and vorticity. We have calculated the corrections for a free real scalar field -- both massive and massless -- and we have found that they increase, particularly for a massive field, at very high acceleration and vorticity and very low temperature. Finally, these non-ideal terms depend on the explicit form of the stress-energy operator, implying that different stress-energy tensor of the scalar field -- canonical or improved -- are thermodynamically inequivalent.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 May 2015 17:14:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Aug 2015 12:05:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-09-02
[ [ "Becattini", "F.", "", "University of Florence, Italy" ], [ "Grossi", "E.", "", "University of Florence, Italy" ] ]
We show that the stress-energy tensor has additional terms with respect to the ideal form in states of global thermodynamic equilibrium in flat spacetime with non-vanishing acceleration and vorticity. These corrections are of quantum origin and their leading terms are second order in the gradients of the thermodynamic fields. Their relevant coefficients can be expressed in terms of correlators of the stress-energy tensor operator and the generators of the Lorentz group. With respect to previous assessments, we find that there are more second order coefficients and that all thermodynamic functions including energy density receive acceleration and vorticity dependent corrections. Notably, also the relation between \rho and p, that is the equation of state, is affected by acceleration and vorticity. We have calculated the corrections for a free real scalar field -- both massive and massless -- and we have found that they increase, particularly for a massive field, at very high acceleration and vorticity and very low temperature. Finally, these non-ideal terms depend on the explicit form of the stress-energy operator, implying that different stress-energy tensor of the scalar field -- canonical or improved -- are thermodynamically inequivalent.
1412.7323
Maksym Tsizh
M. Tsizh, B. Novosyadlyj and Yu. Kulinich
Distribution of dark energy in the vicinity of compact objects
5 pages, 2 figures; WDS'14 Proceedings of Contributed Papers
WDS'14 Proceedings of Contributed Papers - Physics, 21-25, 2014
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The distribution of dark energy density in the vicinity of compact static objects is analyzed. Dark energy is assumed to be in the form of a scalar field with three parameters: the background density, the equation of state parameter and the effective sound speed. Compact object is assumed to be a homogeneous spherical object of constant radius. We use the solutions of the hydrodynamical equations for dark energy in the gravitational fields of such objects for cases of static distribution of dark energy in the vicinity of star and stationary accretion onto black hole in order to analyze the possibility of constraining of the parameters of dark energy from astrophysical data. We show that dependence of density of dark energy in the vicinity of such object on the effective sound speed, background density and equation of state parameter of dark energy makes it possible to try such tests. Here we exploit the accuracy of determination of masses of Sun and black hole in the center of Milky Way to obtain the lower limit on the effective sound speed of dark energy.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Dec 2014 11:20:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-08-04
[ [ "Tsizh", "M.", "" ], [ "Novosyadlyj", "B.", "" ], [ "Kulinich", "Yu.", "" ] ]
The distribution of dark energy density in the vicinity of compact static objects is analyzed. Dark energy is assumed to be in the form of a scalar field with three parameters: the background density, the equation of state parameter and the effective sound speed. Compact object is assumed to be a homogeneous spherical object of constant radius. We use the solutions of the hydrodynamical equations for dark energy in the gravitational fields of such objects for cases of static distribution of dark energy in the vicinity of star and stationary accretion onto black hole in order to analyze the possibility of constraining of the parameters of dark energy from astrophysical data. We show that dependence of density of dark energy in the vicinity of such object on the effective sound speed, background density and equation of state parameter of dark energy makes it possible to try such tests. Here we exploit the accuracy of determination of masses of Sun and black hole in the center of Milky Way to obtain the lower limit on the effective sound speed of dark energy.
1310.5038
Rodrigo Maier
Rodrigo Maier, Francesco Pace and Ivano Dami\~ao Soares
Bounded Scalar Perturbations in Bouncing Brane World Cosmologies
15 pages, 29 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 88, 106003 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.106003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine the dynamics of scalar perturbations in closed Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson- Walker (FLRW) universes in the framework of Brane World theory with a timelike extra dimension. In this scenario, the unperturbed Friedmann equations contain additional terms arising from the bulk-brane interaction that implement non-singular bounces in the models with a cosmological constant and non-interacting perfect fluids. The structure of the phase-space of the models allows for two basic configurations, namely, one bounce solutions or eternal universes. Assuming that the matter content of the model is given by dust and radiation, we derive the dynamical field equations for scalar hydrodynamical perturbations considering either a conformally flat (de Sitter) bulk or a perturbed bulk. We perform a numerical analysis which can shed some light on the study of cosmological scalar perturbations in bouncing brane world models. From a mathematical point of view we show that although the bounce enhances the amplitudes of scalar perturbations for one bounce models in the case of a de Sitter bulk, the amplitudes of the perturbations remain sufficiently small and bounded relative to the background values up to a certain scale. For one bounce models in the case of a perturbed bulk the amplitudes of all perturbations (apart from the Weyl fluid energy density) remain sufficiently small and bounded relative to the background values for any scale of the perturbations. We also discuss and compare the stability and bounded behaviour of the perturbations in the late accelerated phase of one bounce solutions. For eternal universes we argue that some of these features are maintained only for early times (typically of the order of the first bounce). In this sense we show that eternal solutions are highly unstable configurations considering the background model of this paper.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Oct 2013 14:38:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-12-16
[ [ "Maier", "Rodrigo", "" ], [ "Pace", "Francesco", "" ], [ "Soares", "Ivano Damião", "" ] ]
We examine the dynamics of scalar perturbations in closed Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson- Walker (FLRW) universes in the framework of Brane World theory with a timelike extra dimension. In this scenario, the unperturbed Friedmann equations contain additional terms arising from the bulk-brane interaction that implement non-singular bounces in the models with a cosmological constant and non-interacting perfect fluids. The structure of the phase-space of the models allows for two basic configurations, namely, one bounce solutions or eternal universes. Assuming that the matter content of the model is given by dust and radiation, we derive the dynamical field equations for scalar hydrodynamical perturbations considering either a conformally flat (de Sitter) bulk or a perturbed bulk. We perform a numerical analysis which can shed some light on the study of cosmological scalar perturbations in bouncing brane world models. From a mathematical point of view we show that although the bounce enhances the amplitudes of scalar perturbations for one bounce models in the case of a de Sitter bulk, the amplitudes of the perturbations remain sufficiently small and bounded relative to the background values up to a certain scale. For one bounce models in the case of a perturbed bulk the amplitudes of all perturbations (apart from the Weyl fluid energy density) remain sufficiently small and bounded relative to the background values for any scale of the perturbations. We also discuss and compare the stability and bounded behaviour of the perturbations in the late accelerated phase of one bounce solutions. For eternal universes we argue that some of these features are maintained only for early times (typically of the order of the first bounce). In this sense we show that eternal solutions are highly unstable configurations considering the background model of this paper.
2107.13893
Kirill Bronnikov
Kirill A. Bronnikov, Sergey G. Rubin
Local regions with expanding extra dimensions
8 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study possible spatial domains containing expanding extra dimensions. We show that they are predicted in the framework of $f(R)$ gravity and could appear due to quantum fluctuations during inflation. Their interior is characterized by the multidimensional curvature ultimately tending to zero and a slowly growing size of the extra dimensions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Jul 2021 10:56:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-07-30
[ [ "Bronnikov", "Kirill A.", "" ], [ "Rubin", "Sergey G.", "" ] ]
We study possible spatial domains containing expanding extra dimensions. We show that they are predicted in the framework of $f(R)$ gravity and could appear due to quantum fluctuations during inflation. Their interior is characterized by the multidimensional curvature ultimately tending to zero and a slowly growing size of the extra dimensions.
gr-qc/0109026
Masaru Shibata
Masaru Shibata and Koji Uryu
Computation of gravitational waves from inspiraling binary neutron stars in quasiequilibrium circular orbits : Formulation and calibration
26 pages, to be published in PRD
Phys.Rev. D64 (2001) 104017
10.1103/PhysRevD.64.104017
null
gr-qc
null
Gravitational waves from binary neutron stars in quasiequilibrium circular orbits are computed using an approximate method which we propose in this paper. In the first step of this method, we prepare general relativistic irrotational binary neutron stars in a quasiequilibrium circular orbit, neglecting gravitational waves. We adopt the so-called conformal flatness approximation for a three-metric to obtain the quasiequilibrium states in this paper. In the second step, we compute gravitational waves, solving linear perturbation equations in the background spacetime of the quasiequilibrium states. Comparing numerical results with post Newtonian waveforms and luminosity of gravitational waves from two point masses in circular orbits, we demonstrate that this method can produce accurate waveforms and luminosity of gravitational waves. It is shown that the effects of tidal deformation of neutron stars and strong general relativistic gravity modify the post Newtonian results for compact binary neutron stars in close orbits. We indicate that the magnitude of a systematic error in quasiequilibrium states associated with the conformal flatness approximation is fairly large for close and compact binary neutron stars. Several formulations for improving the accuracy of quasiequilibrium states are proposed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Sep 2001 09:27:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Shibata", "Masaru", "" ], [ "Uryu", "Koji", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves from binary neutron stars in quasiequilibrium circular orbits are computed using an approximate method which we propose in this paper. In the first step of this method, we prepare general relativistic irrotational binary neutron stars in a quasiequilibrium circular orbit, neglecting gravitational waves. We adopt the so-called conformal flatness approximation for a three-metric to obtain the quasiequilibrium states in this paper. In the second step, we compute gravitational waves, solving linear perturbation equations in the background spacetime of the quasiequilibrium states. Comparing numerical results with post Newtonian waveforms and luminosity of gravitational waves from two point masses in circular orbits, we demonstrate that this method can produce accurate waveforms and luminosity of gravitational waves. It is shown that the effects of tidal deformation of neutron stars and strong general relativistic gravity modify the post Newtonian results for compact binary neutron stars in close orbits. We indicate that the magnitude of a systematic error in quasiequilibrium states associated with the conformal flatness approximation is fairly large for close and compact binary neutron stars. Several formulations for improving the accuracy of quasiequilibrium states are proposed.
gr-qc/0008069
Francesco Fucito
F. Fucito
Deviations from Einstein's Gravity at Large and Short Distances
15 pages, 1 figure, talk delivered at the congress: Gravitational Waves: A Challenge to Theoretical Astrophysics, Trieste June 2000 Addition of a reference
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In this talk I will describe some recent results on the sensitivity of resonant mass detectors shaped as a hollow sphere to scalar gravitational radiation. Detection of this type of gravitational radiation will signal deviations from Einstein's gravity at large distances. I will then discuss a class of experiments aiming at finding deviations from Einstein's gravity at distances below 1 cm. I will review the main experimental difficulties in performing such experiments and evaluate the effects to be taken in account.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Aug 2000 11:48:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 31 Aug 2000 08:21:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Fucito", "F.", "" ] ]
In this talk I will describe some recent results on the sensitivity of resonant mass detectors shaped as a hollow sphere to scalar gravitational radiation. Detection of this type of gravitational radiation will signal deviations from Einstein's gravity at large distances. I will then discuss a class of experiments aiming at finding deviations from Einstein's gravity at distances below 1 cm. I will review the main experimental difficulties in performing such experiments and evaluate the effects to be taken in account.
1010.2585
Dong-il Hwang
Dong-il Hwang and Dong-han Yeom
Internal structure of charged black holes
32 pages, 23 figures
Phys. Rev. D 84, 064020 (2011)
10.1103/PhysRevD.84.064020
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the internal structure of charged black holes with a spherically symmetric model in the double-null coordinate system. Hawking radiation is considered using the S-wave approximation of semiclassical back-reaction and discharge is simulated by supplying an oppositely charged matter to the black hole. In the stage of formation, the internal structure is determined by the mass and charge of collapsing matter. When the charge-mass ratio is small, a wormhole-like internal structure is observed. The structure becomes analogous to the static limit as the ratio reaches unity. After the formation, mass inflation induces large curvature in the internal structure, which makes the structure insensitive to the late-time perturbations. The internal structure determined from the formation seems to be maintained during a substantial mass reduction. The discharge and neutralization of charged black holes is also investigated for both non-evaporating and evaporating cases. Finally, we discuss the implications of the wormhole-like structure inside of charged black holes.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Oct 2010 07:23:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 Oct 2011 20:00:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-10-18
[ [ "Hwang", "Dong-il", "" ], [ "Yeom", "Dong-han", "" ] ]
We investigate the internal structure of charged black holes with a spherically symmetric model in the double-null coordinate system. Hawking radiation is considered using the S-wave approximation of semiclassical back-reaction and discharge is simulated by supplying an oppositely charged matter to the black hole. In the stage of formation, the internal structure is determined by the mass and charge of collapsing matter. When the charge-mass ratio is small, a wormhole-like internal structure is observed. The structure becomes analogous to the static limit as the ratio reaches unity. After the formation, mass inflation induces large curvature in the internal structure, which makes the structure insensitive to the late-time perturbations. The internal structure determined from the formation seems to be maintained during a substantial mass reduction. The discharge and neutralization of charged black holes is also investigated for both non-evaporating and evaporating cases. Finally, we discuss the implications of the wormhole-like structure inside of charged black holes.
2003.14016
Arun Kumar
Arun Kumar, Dharm Veer Singh, and Sushant G. Ghosh
Hayward black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
null
Annals of Physics 2020
10.1016/j.aop.2020.168214
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Hayward metric is a spherically symmetric charged regular black holes, a modification of the Reisnner-Nordstr$\ddot{o}$m black holes of Einstein's equations coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. We consider Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity (EGB) coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics to present an exact five dimension ($5D$) Hayward black holes with a regular center, having inner (Cauchy) and outer (event) horizons which go over to Boulware-Desser black holes when the charge is switched off ($e=0$). The presence of charge $e$ leads the modification in thermodynamical quantities, and it has also been shown that the Hawking-Page like phase transition can be achieved. The specific heat shows divergence at the horizon radius $r=r_C$ (critical radius), where the temperature has a maximum. Our result in the limit, $e\to0$, reduces vis-a-vis to the $5D$ Boulware-Desser solutions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Mar 2020 08:16:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 1 Apr 2020 04:06:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-06-03
[ [ "Kumar", "Arun", "" ], [ "Singh", "Dharm Veer", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Sushant G.", "" ] ]
The Hayward metric is a spherically symmetric charged regular black holes, a modification of the Reisnner-Nordstr$\ddot{o}$m black holes of Einstein's equations coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. We consider Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity (EGB) coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics to present an exact five dimension ($5D$) Hayward black holes with a regular center, having inner (Cauchy) and outer (event) horizons which go over to Boulware-Desser black holes when the charge is switched off ($e=0$). The presence of charge $e$ leads the modification in thermodynamical quantities, and it has also been shown that the Hawking-Page like phase transition can be achieved. The specific heat shows divergence at the horizon radius $r=r_C$ (critical radius), where the temperature has a maximum. Our result in the limit, $e\to0$, reduces vis-a-vis to the $5D$ Boulware-Desser solutions.
2407.00484
Yen Chin Ong
Hengxin Lu, Sofia Di Gennaro, Yen Chin Ong
Generalized Entropy Implies Varying-G: Horizon Area Dependent Field Equations and Black Hole-Cosmology Coupling
Minor changes; also added/fixed some references
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
When the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is modified, ambiguity often arises concerning whether the Hawking temperature or the thermodynamic mass should be modified. The common practice, however, is to keep the black hole solution the same as that in general relativity. On the other hand, if Jacobson's method of deriving Einstein equations from thermodynamic is valid in the general settings, then given a generalized entropy one should first derive the corresponding modified gravity, and then look for the compatible black hole solution before investigating its thermodynamics. We comment on some properties and subtleties in this approach. In particular, we point out that generically generalized entropy would lead to a varying effective gravitational "constant" theory, where $G_\text{eff}$ depends on the horizon area. We discuss in what ways such theories are discernible from general relativity despite its seemingly jarring differences, and how to make sense of area-dependent field equations. As a consequence we show that in the Jacobson's approach, the standard quantum gravitational logarithmic correction to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is equivalent to a running gravitational "constant". A horizon area dependent $G_\text{eff}$ could also lead to a coupling between black hole masses and cosmological expansion, a scenario that has been studied recently in the literature, but so far lacks strong theoretical motivation. In the Tsallis case, we show that the thermodynamic mass for a Schwarzschild black hole is just a constant multiple of its ADM mass, which is considerably simpler than the approach not utilizing the Jacobson's method.
[ { "created": "Sat, 29 Jun 2024 16:15:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Jul 2024 03:53:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-16
[ [ "Lu", "Hengxin", "" ], [ "Di Gennaro", "Sofia", "" ], [ "Ong", "Yen Chin", "" ] ]
When the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is modified, ambiguity often arises concerning whether the Hawking temperature or the thermodynamic mass should be modified. The common practice, however, is to keep the black hole solution the same as that in general relativity. On the other hand, if Jacobson's method of deriving Einstein equations from thermodynamic is valid in the general settings, then given a generalized entropy one should first derive the corresponding modified gravity, and then look for the compatible black hole solution before investigating its thermodynamics. We comment on some properties and subtleties in this approach. In particular, we point out that generically generalized entropy would lead to a varying effective gravitational "constant" theory, where $G_\text{eff}$ depends on the horizon area. We discuss in what ways such theories are discernible from general relativity despite its seemingly jarring differences, and how to make sense of area-dependent field equations. As a consequence we show that in the Jacobson's approach, the standard quantum gravitational logarithmic correction to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is equivalent to a running gravitational "constant". A horizon area dependent $G_\text{eff}$ could also lead to a coupling between black hole masses and cosmological expansion, a scenario that has been studied recently in the literature, but so far lacks strong theoretical motivation. In the Tsallis case, we show that the thermodynamic mass for a Schwarzschild black hole is just a constant multiple of its ADM mass, which is considerably simpler than the approach not utilizing the Jacobson's method.
gr-qc/0602001
Theodore A. Jacobson
Christopher Eling, Raf Guedens, Ted Jacobson
Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics of Spacetime
4 pages. Dedicated to Rafael Sorkin on the occasion of his 60th birthday
Phys.Rev.Lett.96:121301,2006
10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.121301
null
gr-qc cond-mat.stat-mech hep-th quant-ph
null
It has previously been shown that the Einstein equation can be derived from the requirement that the Clausius relation dS = dQ/T hold for all local acceleration horizons through each spacetime point, where dS is one quarter the horizon area change in Planck units, and dQ and T are the energy flux across the horizon and Unruh temperature seen by an accelerating observer just inside the horizon. Here we show that a curvature correction to the entropy that is polynomial in the Ricci scalar requires a non-equilibrium treatment. The corresponding field equation is derived from the entropy balance relation dS =dQ/T+dS_i, where dS_i is a bulk viscosity entropy production term that we determine by imposing energy-momentum conservation. Entropy production can also be included in pure Einstein theory by allowing for shear viscosity of the horizon.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Feb 2006 06:30:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-05-05
[ [ "Eling", "Christopher", "" ], [ "Guedens", "Raf", "" ], [ "Jacobson", "Ted", "" ] ]
It has previously been shown that the Einstein equation can be derived from the requirement that the Clausius relation dS = dQ/T hold for all local acceleration horizons through each spacetime point, where dS is one quarter the horizon area change in Planck units, and dQ and T are the energy flux across the horizon and Unruh temperature seen by an accelerating observer just inside the horizon. Here we show that a curvature correction to the entropy that is polynomial in the Ricci scalar requires a non-equilibrium treatment. The corresponding field equation is derived from the entropy balance relation dS =dQ/T+dS_i, where dS_i is a bulk viscosity entropy production term that we determine by imposing energy-momentum conservation. Entropy production can also be included in pure Einstein theory by allowing for shear viscosity of the horizon.
gr-qc/9903085
Modanese Giovanni
G. Modanese
Effect of a scale-dependent cosmological term on the motion of small test particles in a Schwarzschild background
LaTeX, 13 pages
Nucl.Phys. B556 (1999) 397-408
10.1016/S0550-3213(99)00355-7
ECT*-99-2
gr-qc
null
It was recently suggested that the gravitational action could contain a scale-dependent cosmological term, depending on the length or momentum scale characteristic of the processes under consideration. In this work we explore a simple possible consequence of this assumption. We compute the field generated in empty space by a static spherical source (the Schwarzschild metric), using the modified action. The resulting static potential turns out to contain a tiny non-Newtonian component which depends on the size of the test particles. The possible relevance of this small correction for the analysis of the recent Pioneers data [J.D. Anderson et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 2858] is briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Mar 1999 19:13:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Modanese", "G.", "" ] ]
It was recently suggested that the gravitational action could contain a scale-dependent cosmological term, depending on the length or momentum scale characteristic of the processes under consideration. In this work we explore a simple possible consequence of this assumption. We compute the field generated in empty space by a static spherical source (the Schwarzschild metric), using the modified action. The resulting static potential turns out to contain a tiny non-Newtonian component which depends on the size of the test particles. The possible relevance of this small correction for the analysis of the recent Pioneers data [J.D. Anderson et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 2858] is briefly discussed.
1904.12411
Sijie Gao
Xiaobao Wang, Xiaoning Wu, Sijie Gao
Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse of Husain-Martinez-Nunez scalar field
14 pages, 6 figures
Eur.Phys.J.C (2019)79:823
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7340-0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct analytical models to study the critical phenomena in gravitational collapse of the Husain-Martinez-Nunez massless scalar field. We first use the cut-and-paste technique to match the conformally flat solution ($c=0$ ) onto an outgoing Vaidya solution. To guarantee the continuity of the metric and the extrinsic curvature, we prove that the two solutions must be joined at a null hypersurface and the metric function in Vaidya spacetime must satisfy some constraints. We find that the mass of the black hole in the resulting spacetime takes the form $M\propto (p-p^*)^\gamma$, where the critical exponent $\gamma$ is equal to $0.5$. For the case $c\neq 0$, we show that the scalar field must be joined onto two pieces of Vaidya spacetimes to avoid a naked singularity. We also derive the power-law mass formula with $\gamma=0.5$. Compared with previous analytical models constructed from a different scalar field with continuous self-similarity, we obtain the same value of $\gamma$. However, we show that the solution with $c\neq 0$ is not self-similar. Therefore, we provide a rare example that a scalar field without self-similarity also possesses the features of critical collapse.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Apr 2019 01:00:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-10-28
[ [ "Wang", "Xiaobao", "" ], [ "Wu", "Xiaoning", "" ], [ "Gao", "Sijie", "" ] ]
We construct analytical models to study the critical phenomena in gravitational collapse of the Husain-Martinez-Nunez massless scalar field. We first use the cut-and-paste technique to match the conformally flat solution ($c=0$ ) onto an outgoing Vaidya solution. To guarantee the continuity of the metric and the extrinsic curvature, we prove that the two solutions must be joined at a null hypersurface and the metric function in Vaidya spacetime must satisfy some constraints. We find that the mass of the black hole in the resulting spacetime takes the form $M\propto (p-p^*)^\gamma$, where the critical exponent $\gamma$ is equal to $0.5$. For the case $c\neq 0$, we show that the scalar field must be joined onto two pieces of Vaidya spacetimes to avoid a naked singularity. We also derive the power-law mass formula with $\gamma=0.5$. Compared with previous analytical models constructed from a different scalar field with continuous self-similarity, we obtain the same value of $\gamma$. However, we show that the solution with $c\neq 0$ is not self-similar. Therefore, we provide a rare example that a scalar field without self-similarity also possesses the features of critical collapse.
2402.17320
Kamiel Janssens
Kamiel Janssens, Guillaume Boileau, Nelson Christensen, Nick van Remortel, Francesca Badaracco, Benjamin Canuel, Alessandro Cardini, Andrea Contu, Michael W. Coughlin, Jean-Baptiste Decitre, Rosario De Rosa, Matteo Di Giovanni, Domenico D'Urso, St\'ephane Gaffet, Carlo Giunchi, Jan Harms, Soumen Koley, Valentina Mangano, Luca Naticchioni, Marco Olivieri, Federico Paoletti, Davide Rozza, Dylan O. Sabulsky, Shahar Shani-Kadmiel, Lucia Trozzo
Correlated 0.01Hz-40Hz seismic and Newtonian noise and its impact on future gravitational-wave detectors
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM physics.ins-det
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We report correlations in underground seismic measurements with horizontal separations of several hundreds of meters to a few kilometers in the frequency range 0.01Hz to 40Hz. These seismic correlations could threaten science goals of planned interferometric gravitational-wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope as well as atom interferometers such as MIGA and ELGAR. We use seismic measurements from four different sites, i.e. the former Homestake mine (USA) as well as two candidate sites for the Einstein Telescope, Sos Enattos (IT) and Euregio Maas-Rhein (NL-BE-DE) and the site housing the MIGA detector, LSBB (FR). At all sites, we observe significant coherence for at least 50% of the time in the majority of the frequency region of interest. Based on the observed correlations in the seismic fields, we predict levels of correlated Newtonian noise from body waves. We project the effect of correlated Newtonian noise from body waves on the capabilities of the triangular design of the Einstein Telescope's to observe an isotropic gravitational-wave background (GWB) and find that, even in case of the most quiet site, its sensitivity will be affected up to $\sim$20Hz. The resolvable amplitude of a GWB signal with a negatively sloped power-law behaviour would be reduced by several orders of magnitude. However, the resolvability of a power-law signal with a slope of e.g. $\alpha=0$ ($\alpha=2/3$) would be more moderately affected by a factor $\sim$ 6-9 ($\sim$3-4) in case of a low noise environment. Furthermore, we bolster confidence in our results by showing that transient noise features have a limited impact on the presented results.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Feb 2024 08:52:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-03
[ [ "Janssens", "Kamiel", "" ], [ "Boileau", "Guillaume", "" ], [ "Christensen", "Nelson", "" ], [ "van Remortel", "Nick", "" ], [ "Badaracco", "Francesca", "" ], [ "Canuel", "Benjamin", "" ], [ "Cardini", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Contu", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Coughlin", "Michael W.", "" ], [ "Decitre", "Jean-Baptiste", "" ], [ "De Rosa", "Rosario", "" ], [ "Di Giovanni", "Matteo", "" ], [ "D'Urso", "Domenico", "" ], [ "Gaffet", "Stéphane", "" ], [ "Giunchi", "Carlo", "" ], [ "Harms", "Jan", "" ], [ "Koley", "Soumen", "" ], [ "Mangano", "Valentina", "" ], [ "Naticchioni", "Luca", "" ], [ "Olivieri", "Marco", "" ], [ "Paoletti", "Federico", "" ], [ "Rozza", "Davide", "" ], [ "Sabulsky", "Dylan O.", "" ], [ "Shani-Kadmiel", "Shahar", "" ], [ "Trozzo", "Lucia", "" ] ]
We report correlations in underground seismic measurements with horizontal separations of several hundreds of meters to a few kilometers in the frequency range 0.01Hz to 40Hz. These seismic correlations could threaten science goals of planned interferometric gravitational-wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope as well as atom interferometers such as MIGA and ELGAR. We use seismic measurements from four different sites, i.e. the former Homestake mine (USA) as well as two candidate sites for the Einstein Telescope, Sos Enattos (IT) and Euregio Maas-Rhein (NL-BE-DE) and the site housing the MIGA detector, LSBB (FR). At all sites, we observe significant coherence for at least 50% of the time in the majority of the frequency region of interest. Based on the observed correlations in the seismic fields, we predict levels of correlated Newtonian noise from body waves. We project the effect of correlated Newtonian noise from body waves on the capabilities of the triangular design of the Einstein Telescope's to observe an isotropic gravitational-wave background (GWB) and find that, even in case of the most quiet site, its sensitivity will be affected up to $\sim$20Hz. The resolvable amplitude of a GWB signal with a negatively sloped power-law behaviour would be reduced by several orders of magnitude. However, the resolvability of a power-law signal with a slope of e.g. $\alpha=0$ ($\alpha=2/3$) would be more moderately affected by a factor $\sim$ 6-9 ($\sim$3-4) in case of a low noise environment. Furthermore, we bolster confidence in our results by showing that transient noise features have a limited impact on the presented results.
gr-qc/0612137
Joao Faria Martins
Jo\~ao Faria Martins, Aleksandar Mikovic
Invariants of Spin Networks Embedded in Three-Manifolds
29 pages, 9 figures; v2 small changes in the abstract
Commun.Math.Phys.279:381-399,2008
10.1007/s00220-008-0422-8
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP math.QA
null
We study the invariants of spin networks embedded in a three-dimensional manifold which are based on the path integral for SU(2) BF-Theory. These invariants appear naturally in Loop Quantum Gravity, and have been defined as spin-foam state sums. By using the Chain-Mail technique, we give a more general definition of these invariants, and show that the state-sum definition is a special case. This provides a rigorous proof that the state-sum invariants of spin networks are topological invariants. We derive various results about the BF-Theory spin network invariants, and we find a relation with the corresponding invariants defined from Chern-Simons Theory, i.e. the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants. We also prove that the BF-Theory spin network invariants coincide with V. Turaev's definition of invariants of coloured graphs embedded in 3-manifolds and thick surfaces, constructed by using shadow-world evaluations. Our framework therefore provides a unified view of these invariants.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Dec 2006 17:51:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 23 Dec 2006 13:45:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-05-23
[ [ "Martins", "João Faria", "" ], [ "Mikovic", "Aleksandar", "" ] ]
We study the invariants of spin networks embedded in a three-dimensional manifold which are based on the path integral for SU(2) BF-Theory. These invariants appear naturally in Loop Quantum Gravity, and have been defined as spin-foam state sums. By using the Chain-Mail technique, we give a more general definition of these invariants, and show that the state-sum definition is a special case. This provides a rigorous proof that the state-sum invariants of spin networks are topological invariants. We derive various results about the BF-Theory spin network invariants, and we find a relation with the corresponding invariants defined from Chern-Simons Theory, i.e. the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants. We also prove that the BF-Theory spin network invariants coincide with V. Turaev's definition of invariants of coloured graphs embedded in 3-manifolds and thick surfaces, constructed by using shadow-world evaluations. Our framework therefore provides a unified view of these invariants.
gr-qc/0104086
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
A phenomenological description of quantum-gravity-induced space-time noise
10 pages, LaTex, 1 figure. Short paper, omitting most technical details. More detailed analysis was reported in gr-qc/0104005
Nature 410:1065-1069,2001
10.1038/35074035
null
gr-qc
null
I propose a phenomenological description of space-time foam and discuss the experimental limits that are within reach of forthcoming experiments.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Apr 2001 20:29:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Amelino-Camelia", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
I propose a phenomenological description of space-time foam and discuss the experimental limits that are within reach of forthcoming experiments.
1811.10639
Steffen Gielen
Steffen Gielen
Inhomogeneous universe from group field theory condensate
25 pages, 2 figures, revtex; v2: added a few comments and references, version accepted in JCAP
JCAP 1902 (2019) 013
10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/013
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
One of the fundamental challenges for quantum cosmology is to explain the emergence of our macroscopic Universe from physics at the Planck scale. In the group field theory (GFT) approach to quantum gravity, such a macroscopic universe results from the formation of a "condensate" of fundamentally discrete degrees of freedom. It has been shown that the effective dynamics of such GFT condensates follows the classical Friedmann dynamics at late times, while avoiding the classical singularity by a bounce akin to the one of loop quantum cosmology (LQC). It was also shown how quantum fluctuations in a GFT condensate provide an initial power spectrum of volume fluctuations around exact homogeneity. Here we connect the results for quantum fluctuations in GFT to the usual formalism for cosmological perturbations within quantum field theory in curved spacetime. We consider a bouncing universe filled with a massless scalar field, in which perturbations are generated by vacuum fluctuations in the contracting phase. Matching conditions at the bounce are provided by working within LQC. We then compare the results to the GFT condensate scenario for quantum gravity with massless scalar matter. Here, instead, an initial quantum phase described by a GFT condensate generates initial scalar perturbations through quantum fluctuations. We show general agreement in the predictions of both approaches, suggesting that GFT condensates can provide a physical mechanism for the emergence of a slightly inhomogeneous universe from full quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Nov 2018 19:00:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 31 Jan 2019 11:41:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-02-12
[ [ "Gielen", "Steffen", "" ] ]
One of the fundamental challenges for quantum cosmology is to explain the emergence of our macroscopic Universe from physics at the Planck scale. In the group field theory (GFT) approach to quantum gravity, such a macroscopic universe results from the formation of a "condensate" of fundamentally discrete degrees of freedom. It has been shown that the effective dynamics of such GFT condensates follows the classical Friedmann dynamics at late times, while avoiding the classical singularity by a bounce akin to the one of loop quantum cosmology (LQC). It was also shown how quantum fluctuations in a GFT condensate provide an initial power spectrum of volume fluctuations around exact homogeneity. Here we connect the results for quantum fluctuations in GFT to the usual formalism for cosmological perturbations within quantum field theory in curved spacetime. We consider a bouncing universe filled with a massless scalar field, in which perturbations are generated by vacuum fluctuations in the contracting phase. Matching conditions at the bounce are provided by working within LQC. We then compare the results to the GFT condensate scenario for quantum gravity with massless scalar matter. Here, instead, an initial quantum phase described by a GFT condensate generates initial scalar perturbations through quantum fluctuations. We show general agreement in the predictions of both approaches, suggesting that GFT condensates can provide a physical mechanism for the emergence of a slightly inhomogeneous universe from full quantum gravity.
1701.04330
Yong Cai
Yong Cai, Hai-Guang Li, Taotao Qiu, Yun-Song Piao
The Effective Field Theory of nonsingular cosmology: II
20 pages, 1 table, 9 figures; published in EPJC
Eur.Phys.J. C77 (2017) no.6, 369
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4938-y
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Based on the Effective Field Theory (EFT) of cosmological perturbations, we explicitly clarify the pathology in nonsingular cubic Galileon models and show how to cure it in EFT with new insights into this issue. With the least set of EFT operators that are capable to avoid instabilities in nonsingular cosmologies, we construct a nonsingular model dubbed the Genesis-inflation model, in which a slowly expanding phase (namely, Genesis) with increasing energy density is followed by slow-roll inflation. The spectrum of the primordial perturbation may be simulated numerically, which shows itself a large-scale cutoff, as the large-scale anomalies in CMB might be a hint for.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Jan 2017 15:33:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 10 Jun 2017 15:18:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-06-13
[ [ "Cai", "Yong", "" ], [ "Li", "Hai-Guang", "" ], [ "Qiu", "Taotao", "" ], [ "Piao", "Yun-Song", "" ] ]
Based on the Effective Field Theory (EFT) of cosmological perturbations, we explicitly clarify the pathology in nonsingular cubic Galileon models and show how to cure it in EFT with new insights into this issue. With the least set of EFT operators that are capable to avoid instabilities in nonsingular cosmologies, we construct a nonsingular model dubbed the Genesis-inflation model, in which a slowly expanding phase (namely, Genesis) with increasing energy density is followed by slow-roll inflation. The spectrum of the primordial perturbation may be simulated numerically, which shows itself a large-scale cutoff, as the large-scale anomalies in CMB might be a hint for.
gr-qc/0612157
Panayiotis Stavrinos
P.C.Stavrinos, A.P.Kouretsis, M.Stathakopoulos
Friedmann Robertson-Walker model in generalised metric space-time with weak anisotropy
21 pages- to appear in GRG
Gen.Rel.Grav.40:1403-1425,2008
10.1007/s10714-007-0540-1
null
gr-qc
null
A generalized model of space-time is given, taking into consideration the anisotropic structure of fields which are depended on the position and the direction (velocity).In this framework a generalized FRW-metric the Raychaudhouri and Friedmann equations are studied.A long range vector field of cosmological origin is considered in relation to the physical geometry of space-time in which Cartan connection has a fundamental role.The generalised Friedmann equations are produced including anisotropic terms.The variation of anisotropy $z_t$ is expressed in terms of the Cartan torsion tensor of the Finslerian space-time.A possible estimation of the anisotropic parameter $z_t$ can be achieved with the aid of the de-Sitter model of the empty flat universe with weak anisotropy. Finally a physical generalisation for the model of inflation is also studied.
[ { "created": "Sun, 24 Dec 2006 21:52:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Feb 2007 13:58:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Apr 2007 14:36:14 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Oct 2007 18:18:27 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Stavrinos", "P. C.", "" ], [ "Kouretsis", "A. P.", "" ], [ "Stathakopoulos", "M.", "" ] ]
A generalized model of space-time is given, taking into consideration the anisotropic structure of fields which are depended on the position and the direction (velocity).In this framework a generalized FRW-metric the Raychaudhouri and Friedmann equations are studied.A long range vector field of cosmological origin is considered in relation to the physical geometry of space-time in which Cartan connection has a fundamental role.The generalised Friedmann equations are produced including anisotropic terms.The variation of anisotropy $z_t$ is expressed in terms of the Cartan torsion tensor of the Finslerian space-time.A possible estimation of the anisotropic parameter $z_t$ can be achieved with the aid of the de-Sitter model of the empty flat universe with weak anisotropy. Finally a physical generalisation for the model of inflation is also studied.
0704.1567
Ragab Gad
Ragab M. Gad and A. Fouad
Energy and Momentum Distributions of Kantowski and Sachs Space-time
12 pages
Astrophys.SpaceSci.310:135-140,2007
10.1007/s10509-007-9488-6
null
gr-qc
null
We use the Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson, Landau-Lifshitz and Papapetrou energy-momentum complexes to calculate the energy and momentum distributions of Kantowski and Sachs space-time. We show that the Einstein and Bergmann-Thomson definitions furnish a consistent result for the energy distribution, but the definition of Landau-Lifshitz do not agree with them. We show that a signature switch should affect about everything including energy distribution in the case of Einstein and Papapetrou prescriptions but not in Bergmann-Thomson and Landau-Lifshitz prescriptions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Apr 2007 11:53:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Apr 2007 10:42:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Gad", "Ragab M.", "" ], [ "Fouad", "A.", "" ] ]
We use the Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson, Landau-Lifshitz and Papapetrou energy-momentum complexes to calculate the energy and momentum distributions of Kantowski and Sachs space-time. We show that the Einstein and Bergmann-Thomson definitions furnish a consistent result for the energy distribution, but the definition of Landau-Lifshitz do not agree with them. We show that a signature switch should affect about everything including energy distribution in the case of Einstein and Papapetrou prescriptions but not in Bergmann-Thomson and Landau-Lifshitz prescriptions.
2407.21442
Francesco Iacovelli
Francesco Iacovelli and Michele Maggiore
Gravitational-wave observations and primordial black holes
To appear in the book "Primordial Black Holes", ed. Chris Byrnes, Gabriele Franciolini, Tomohiro Harada, Paolo Pani, Misao Sasaki; Springer (2024)
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational-wave observations have the potential of allowing the identification of a population of merging primordial black-hole binaries. We provide an overview of the capabilities of present and future GW detectors, with a special emphasis on the perspective for observing quantities that are signatures of a primordial origin.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 2024 08:45:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-01
[ [ "Iacovelli", "Francesco", "" ], [ "Maggiore", "Michele", "" ] ]
Gravitational-wave observations have the potential of allowing the identification of a population of merging primordial black-hole binaries. We provide an overview of the capabilities of present and future GW detectors, with a special emphasis on the perspective for observing quantities that are signatures of a primordial origin.
0903.2021
Andrew Hamilton
Andrew J. S. Hamilton (JILA)
The interior structure of slowly rotating black holes
2 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.26:165006,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/16/165006
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The internal structure of a slowly rotating, charged black hole that is undergoing mass inflation at its inner horizon is derived. The equations governing the angular behavior decouple from the radial behavior, so all conclusions regarding inflation in a spherical charged black hole carry through unchanged for a slowly-rotating black hole. Quantities inflate only in the radial direction, not in the angular direction. Exact self-similar solutions are obtained. For sufficiently small accretion rates, the instantaneous angular motion of the accretion flow has negligible effect on the angular spacetime structure of the black hole, even if the instantaneous angular momentum of the accretion flow is large and arbitrarily oriented.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Mar 2009 18:02:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-05-12
[ [ "Hamilton", "Andrew J. S.", "", "JILA" ] ]
The internal structure of a slowly rotating, charged black hole that is undergoing mass inflation at its inner horizon is derived. The equations governing the angular behavior decouple from the radial behavior, so all conclusions regarding inflation in a spherical charged black hole carry through unchanged for a slowly-rotating black hole. Quantities inflate only in the radial direction, not in the angular direction. Exact self-similar solutions are obtained. For sufficiently small accretion rates, the instantaneous angular motion of the accretion flow has negligible effect on the angular spacetime structure of the black hole, even if the instantaneous angular momentum of the accretion flow is large and arbitrarily oriented.
2001.01462
Cosmin Stachie
C. Stachie, T. Dal Canton, E. Burns, N. Christensen, R. Hamburg, M. Briggs, J. Broida, A. Goldstein, F. Hayes, T. Littenberg, P. Shawhan, J. Veitch, P. Veres, C. A. Wilson-Hodge
Search for Advanced LIGO Single Interferometer Compact Binary Coalescence Signals in Coincidence with Gamma-Ray Events in Fermi-GBM
null
Class. Quantum Grav. 37 175001 (2020)
10.1088/1361-6382/aba28a
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Presented is the description of a new and general method used to search for $\gamma$-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) triggers. This method is specifically applied to single GW detector triggers. Advanced LIGO data from observing runs O1 and O2 were analyzed, thus each GW trigger comes from either the LIGO-Livingston or the LIGO-Hanford interferometer. For each GW trigger, Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data is searched and the most significant subthreshold signal counterpart is selected. Then, a methodology is defined in order to establish which of GW-$\gamma$-ray pairs are likely to have a common origin. For that purpose an association ranking statistic is calculated from which a false alarm rate is derived. The events with the highest ranking statistics are selected for further analysis consisting of LIGO detector characterization and parameter estimation. The $\gamma$-ray signal characteristics are also evaluated. We find no significant candidates from the search.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Jan 2020 10:09:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 16 Jul 2020 13:18:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-08-18
[ [ "Stachie", "C.", "" ], [ "Canton", "T. Dal", "" ], [ "Burns", "E.", "" ], [ "Christensen", "N.", "" ], [ "Hamburg", "R.", "" ], [ "Briggs", "M.", "" ], [ "Broida", "J.", "" ], [ "Goldstein", "A.", "" ], [ "Hayes", "F.", "" ], [ "Littenberg", "T.", "" ], [ "Shawhan", "P.", "" ], [ "Veitch", "J.", "" ], [ "Veres", "P.", "" ], [ "Wilson-Hodge", "C. A.", "" ] ]
Presented is the description of a new and general method used to search for $\gamma$-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) triggers. This method is specifically applied to single GW detector triggers. Advanced LIGO data from observing runs O1 and O2 were analyzed, thus each GW trigger comes from either the LIGO-Livingston or the LIGO-Hanford interferometer. For each GW trigger, Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data is searched and the most significant subthreshold signal counterpart is selected. Then, a methodology is defined in order to establish which of GW-$\gamma$-ray pairs are likely to have a common origin. For that purpose an association ranking statistic is calculated from which a false alarm rate is derived. The events with the highest ranking statistics are selected for further analysis consisting of LIGO detector characterization and parameter estimation. The $\gamma$-ray signal characteristics are also evaluated. We find no significant candidates from the search.
gr-qc/9704059
Bruce Bassett
Roy Maartens and Bruce A. Bassett
Gravito-electromagnetism
14 pages. Version to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.15:705,1998
10.1088/0264-9381/15/3/018
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We develop and apply a fully covariant 1+3 electromagnetic analogy for gravity. The free gravitational field is covariantly characterized by the Weyl gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic spatial tensor fields, whose dynamical equations are the Bianchi identities. Using a covariant generalization of spatial vector algebra and calculus to spatial tensor fields, we exhibit the covariant analogy between the tensor Bianchi equations and the vector Maxwell equations. We identify gravitational source terms, couplings and potentials with and without electromagnetic analogues. The nonlinear vacuum Bianchi equations are shown to be invariant under covariant spatial duality rotation of the gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic tensor fields. We construct the super-energy density and super-Poynting vector of the gravitational field as natural U(1) group invariants, and derive their super-energy conservation equation. A covariant approach to gravito-electric/magnetic monopoles is also presented.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Apr 1997 19:03:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 2 Sep 1997 15:42:44 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Jan 1998 01:19:06 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Maartens", "Roy", "" ], [ "Bassett", "Bruce A.", "" ] ]
We develop and apply a fully covariant 1+3 electromagnetic analogy for gravity. The free gravitational field is covariantly characterized by the Weyl gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic spatial tensor fields, whose dynamical equations are the Bianchi identities. Using a covariant generalization of spatial vector algebra and calculus to spatial tensor fields, we exhibit the covariant analogy between the tensor Bianchi equations and the vector Maxwell equations. We identify gravitational source terms, couplings and potentials with and without electromagnetic analogues. The nonlinear vacuum Bianchi equations are shown to be invariant under covariant spatial duality rotation of the gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic tensor fields. We construct the super-energy density and super-Poynting vector of the gravitational field as natural U(1) group invariants, and derive their super-energy conservation equation. A covariant approach to gravito-electric/magnetic monopoles is also presented.
gr-qc/9910012
Thomas Thiemann
T. Thiemann
Canonical quantization of a minisuperspace model for gravity using self-dual variables
4p, LATEX
Proceedings of the Cornelius Lanczos International Centenary Conference, Raleigh, North Carolina, Dec. 12-17, 1993; J. D. Brown, M. T. Chu, D. C. Ellison, R. J. Plemmons (Eds.), SIAM, Philadelphia, 1994
null
null
gr-qc
null
The present article summarizes the work of the papers \cite{1} dealing with the quantization of pure gravity and gravity coupled to a Maxwell field and a cosmological constant in presence of spherical symmetry. The class of models presented is intended as an interesting testing ground for the quantization of full 3+1 gravity. We are working in Ashtekar's self-dual representation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Oct 1999 17:54:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Thiemann", "T.", "" ] ]
The present article summarizes the work of the papers \cite{1} dealing with the quantization of pure gravity and gravity coupled to a Maxwell field and a cosmological constant in presence of spherical symmetry. The class of models presented is intended as an interesting testing ground for the quantization of full 3+1 gravity. We are working in Ashtekar's self-dual representation.
1010.3431
Yury F. Pirogov
Yu.F.Pirogov and I.Yu.Polev
Dark halos built of scalar gravitons: numerical study
11 pages. Report presented at The 16th Intern. Seminar on High Energy Physics "Quarks-2010", Kolomna, Russia, 6 - 12 June, 2010
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a previous article due to one of the present authors (YFP), an extension to General Relativity, violating general covariance to the residual unimodular one, was proposed. As a manifestation of such a violation, there appears the (massive) scalar graviton in addition to the massless tensor one. The former was proposed as a candidate on the dark matter in the Universe. In a subsequent article (Yu. F. Pirogov, MPLA 24, 3239, 2009;arXiv:0909.3311 [gr-qc]), an application of the extension was developed. Particularly, a regular solution to the static spherically symmetric equations in empty space was studied by means of analytical methods. This solution was proposed as a prototype model for the galaxy soft-core dark halos, with the coherent scalar-graviton field as dark matter. The present report is a supplement to the aforementioned article. The statements of the latter are verified and visualized by means of numerical analysis and symbolic calculations. The nice validity of analytical results is found.
[ { "created": "Sun, 17 Oct 2010 17:45:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-10-19
[ [ "Pirogov", "Yu. F.", "" ], [ "Polev", "I. Yu.", "" ] ]
In a previous article due to one of the present authors (YFP), an extension to General Relativity, violating general covariance to the residual unimodular one, was proposed. As a manifestation of such a violation, there appears the (massive) scalar graviton in addition to the massless tensor one. The former was proposed as a candidate on the dark matter in the Universe. In a subsequent article (Yu. F. Pirogov, MPLA 24, 3239, 2009;arXiv:0909.3311 [gr-qc]), an application of the extension was developed. Particularly, a regular solution to the static spherically symmetric equations in empty space was studied by means of analytical methods. This solution was proposed as a prototype model for the galaxy soft-core dark halos, with the coherent scalar-graviton field as dark matter. The present report is a supplement to the aforementioned article. The statements of the latter are verified and visualized by means of numerical analysis and symbolic calculations. The nice validity of analytical results is found.
2407.07864
Boran Yesilyurt
S. P. Miao (NCKU), N. C. Tsamis (U. of Crete), R. P. Woodard (U. of Florida), B. Yesilyurt (U. of Florida)
The Third Structure Function
17 pages, 5 Tables , uses LaTeX2e
null
null
CCTP-2024-8, UFIFT-QG-24-05
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We re-consider the graviton self-energy induced by a loop of massless, minimally coupled scalars on de Sitter background. On flat space background it can be represented as a sum of two tensor differential operators acting on scalar structure functions. On a general background these tensor differential operators can be constructed from the linearized Ricci scalar and the linearized Weyl tensor. However, in cosmology one requires a third contribution which we derive here.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Jul 2024 17:26:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-11
[ [ "Miao", "S. P.", "", "NCKU" ], [ "Tsamis", "N. C.", "", "U. of Crete" ], [ "Woodard", "R. P.", "", "U. of\n Florida" ], [ "Yesilyurt", "B.", "", "U. of Florida" ] ]
We re-consider the graviton self-energy induced by a loop of massless, minimally coupled scalars on de Sitter background. On flat space background it can be represented as a sum of two tensor differential operators acting on scalar structure functions. On a general background these tensor differential operators can be constructed from the linearized Ricci scalar and the linearized Weyl tensor. However, in cosmology one requires a third contribution which we derive here.
2010.04571
Jinsong Yang
Jinsong Yang, Cong Zhang, Yongge Ma
Loop quantum cosmology from an alternative Hamiltonian. II. Including the Lorentzian term
12 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. D 102, 084018 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.084018
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The scheme of using the Chern-Simons action to regularize the gravitational Hamiltonian constraint is extended to including the Lorentzian term in the $k=0$ cosmological model. The Euclidean term and the Lorenzian term are thus regularized separately mimicking the treatment of full loop quantum gravity. The new quantum dynamics for the spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model with a massless scalar field as an emergent time is studied. By semiclassical analysis, the effective Hamiltonian constraint is obtained, which indicates that the new quantum dynamics has the correct classical limit. The classical big-bang singularity is again replaced by a quantum bounce. Similar to the case of quantizing only the Euclidean term, the backward evolution of the cosmological model determined by the new effective Hamiltonian will be bounced to an asymptotic de Sitter universe coupled to a massless scalar field, while the problem of negative energy density of matter in the former case is resolved.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Oct 2020 13:36:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-10-12
[ [ "Yang", "Jinsong", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Cong", "" ], [ "Ma", "Yongge", "" ] ]
The scheme of using the Chern-Simons action to regularize the gravitational Hamiltonian constraint is extended to including the Lorentzian term in the $k=0$ cosmological model. The Euclidean term and the Lorenzian term are thus regularized separately mimicking the treatment of full loop quantum gravity. The new quantum dynamics for the spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model with a massless scalar field as an emergent time is studied. By semiclassical analysis, the effective Hamiltonian constraint is obtained, which indicates that the new quantum dynamics has the correct classical limit. The classical big-bang singularity is again replaced by a quantum bounce. Similar to the case of quantizing only the Euclidean term, the backward evolution of the cosmological model determined by the new effective Hamiltonian will be bounced to an asymptotic de Sitter universe coupled to a massless scalar field, while the problem of negative energy density of matter in the former case is resolved.
gr-qc/0608086
David Finkelstein
David Ritz Finkelstein
Homotopy approach to quantum gravity
For International Journal of Theoretical Physics, Oberwolfach 2006 issue
Int.J.Theor.Phys.47:534-552,2008
10.1007/s10773-007-9479-y
null
gr-qc
null
I construct a finite-dimensional quantum theory from general relativity by a homotopy method. Its quantum history is made up of at least two levels of fermionic elements. Its unitary group has the diffeomorphism group as singular limit. Its gravitational metrical form is the algebraic square. Its spinors are multivectors.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Aug 2006 18:43:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Finkelstein", "David Ritz", "" ] ]
I construct a finite-dimensional quantum theory from general relativity by a homotopy method. Its quantum history is made up of at least two levels of fermionic elements. Its unitary group has the diffeomorphism group as singular limit. Its gravitational metrical form is the algebraic square. Its spinors are multivectors.
0904.0999
Sam Dolan Dr
Luis C. B. Crispino, Sam R. Dolan and Ednilton S. Oliveira
Scattering of massless scalar waves by Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes
9 pages, 10 figures
Phys.Rev.D79:064022,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.79.064022
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a study of scattering of massless planar scalar waves by a charged non-rotating black hole. Partial wave methods are applied to compute scattering and absorption cross sections, for a range of incident wavelengths. We compare our numerical results with semi-classical approximations from a geodesic analysis, and find excellent agreement. The glory in the backward direction is studied, and its properties are shown to be related to the properties of the photon orbit. The effects of black hole charge upon scattering and absorption are examined in detail. As the charge of the black hole is increased, we find that the absorption cross section decreases, and the angular width of the interference fringes of the scattering cross section at large angles increases. In particular, the glory spot in the backward direction becomes wider. We interpret these effects under the light of our geodesic analysis.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Apr 2009 20:02:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Crispino", "Luis C. B.", "" ], [ "Dolan", "Sam R.", "" ], [ "Oliveira", "Ednilton S.", "" ] ]
We present a study of scattering of massless planar scalar waves by a charged non-rotating black hole. Partial wave methods are applied to compute scattering and absorption cross sections, for a range of incident wavelengths. We compare our numerical results with semi-classical approximations from a geodesic analysis, and find excellent agreement. The glory in the backward direction is studied, and its properties are shown to be related to the properties of the photon orbit. The effects of black hole charge upon scattering and absorption are examined in detail. As the charge of the black hole is increased, we find that the absorption cross section decreases, and the angular width of the interference fringes of the scattering cross section at large angles increases. In particular, the glory spot in the backward direction becomes wider. We interpret these effects under the light of our geodesic analysis.
gr-qc/9601023
Aharon Davidson
Aharon Davidson and Uzi Paz
Extensible Black Hole Embeddings for Apparently Forbidden Periodicities
11 pages, RevTex file, 1 postcript figure
Foundations of Physics 30, 5 (2000)
10.1023/A:1003793128801
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Imposing extendibility on Kasner-Fronsdal black hole local isometric embedding is equivalent to removing conic singularities in Kruskal representation. Allowing for globally non-trivial (living in $M_{5}\times S_{1}$) embeddings, parameterized by $k$, extendibility can be achieved for apparently forbidden frequencies $\omega_{1}(k)\le\omega (k)\le \omega_{2}(k)$. The Hawking-Gibbons limit, say $\displaystyle{\omega_{1,2}(0)= {1\over{4M}}}$ for Schwarzschild geometry, is respected. The corresponding Kruskal sheets are viewed as slices in some Kaluza-Klein background. Euclidean $k$ discreteness, dictated by imaginary time periodicity, is correlated with twistor flux quantization.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jan 1996 12:12:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-11-04
[ [ "Davidson", "Aharon", "" ], [ "Paz", "Uzi", "" ] ]
Imposing extendibility on Kasner-Fronsdal black hole local isometric embedding is equivalent to removing conic singularities in Kruskal representation. Allowing for globally non-trivial (living in $M_{5}\times S_{1}$) embeddings, parameterized by $k$, extendibility can be achieved for apparently forbidden frequencies $\omega_{1}(k)\le\omega (k)\le \omega_{2}(k)$. The Hawking-Gibbons limit, say $\displaystyle{\omega_{1,2}(0)= {1\over{4M}}}$ for Schwarzschild geometry, is respected. The corresponding Kruskal sheets are viewed as slices in some Kaluza-Klein background. Euclidean $k$ discreteness, dictated by imaginary time periodicity, is correlated with twistor flux quantization.
1303.6157
Yaser Tavakoli
Yaser Tavakoli, Joao Marto and Andrea Dapor
Semiclassical dynamics of horizons in spherically symmetric collapse
Version accepted in IJMPD
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 23 (2014) 1450061
10.1142/S0218271814500618
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we consider a semiclassical description of the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse with a massless scalar field. In particular, we employ an effective scenario provided by holonomy corrections from loop quantum gravity, to the homogeneous interior spacetime. The singularity that would arise at the final stage of the corresponding classical collapse, is resolved in this context and is replaced by a bounce. Our main purpose is to investigate the evolution of trapped surfaces during this semiclassical collapse. Within this setting, we obtain a threshold radius for the collapsing shells in order to have horizons formation. In addition, we study the final state of the collapse by employing a suitable matching at the boundary shell from which quantum gravity effects are carried to the exterior geometry.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Mar 2013 15:12:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 20 Sep 2013 21:48:15 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Apr 2014 13:25:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-05-21
[ [ "Tavakoli", "Yaser", "" ], [ "Marto", "Joao", "" ], [ "Dapor", "Andrea", "" ] ]
In this work, we consider a semiclassical description of the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse with a massless scalar field. In particular, we employ an effective scenario provided by holonomy corrections from loop quantum gravity, to the homogeneous interior spacetime. The singularity that would arise at the final stage of the corresponding classical collapse, is resolved in this context and is replaced by a bounce. Our main purpose is to investigate the evolution of trapped surfaces during this semiclassical collapse. Within this setting, we obtain a threshold radius for the collapsing shells in order to have horizons formation. In addition, we study the final state of the collapse by employing a suitable matching at the boundary shell from which quantum gravity effects are carried to the exterior geometry.
gr-qc/0401093
Juan Manuel Garcia-Islas
J.Manuel Garcia-Islas
Observables in 3-dimensional quantum gravity and topological invariants
24 pages, 47 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 3933-3952
10.1088/0264-9381/21/16/008
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In this paper we report some results on the expectation values of a set of observables introduced for 3-dimensional Riemannian quantum gravity with positive cosmological constant, that is, observables in the Turaev-Viro model. Instead of giving a formal description of the observables, we just formulate the paper by examples. This means that we just show how an idea works with particular cases and give a way to compute 'expectation values' in general by a topological procedure.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Jan 2004 22:46:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Garcia-Islas", "J. Manuel", "" ] ]
In this paper we report some results on the expectation values of a set of observables introduced for 3-dimensional Riemannian quantum gravity with positive cosmological constant, that is, observables in the Turaev-Viro model. Instead of giving a formal description of the observables, we just formulate the paper by examples. This means that we just show how an idea works with particular cases and give a way to compute 'expectation values' in general by a topological procedure.
gr-qc/0511104
Yun Soo Myung
Yun Soo Myung
Entanglement system, Casimir energy and black hole
11 pages, no figure, version to appear in PLB
Phys.Lett. B636 (2006) 324-329
10.1016/j.physletb.2006.03.070
INJE-TP-05-08
gr-qc hep-th
null
We investigate the connection between the entanglement system in Minkowski spacetime and the black hole using the scaling analysis. Here we show that the entanglement system satisfies the Bekenstein entropy bound. Even though the entropies of two systems are the same form, the entanglement energy is different from the black hole energy. Introducing the Casimir energy of the vacuum energy fluctuations rather than the entanglement energy, it shows a feature of the black hole energy. Hence the Casimir energy is more close to the black hole than the entanglement energy. Finally, we find that the entanglement system behaves like the black hole if the gravitational effects are included properly.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Nov 2005 19:06:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Apr 2006 15:14:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-05
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ] ]
We investigate the connection between the entanglement system in Minkowski spacetime and the black hole using the scaling analysis. Here we show that the entanglement system satisfies the Bekenstein entropy bound. Even though the entropies of two systems are the same form, the entanglement energy is different from the black hole energy. Introducing the Casimir energy of the vacuum energy fluctuations rather than the entanglement energy, it shows a feature of the black hole energy. Hence the Casimir energy is more close to the black hole than the entanglement energy. Finally, we find that the entanglement system behaves like the black hole if the gravitational effects are included properly.
gr-qc/0012015
Sawa Manoff
S. Manoff
Deviation equations of Synge and Schild over spaces with affine connections and metrics
15 pages, LaTeX. To appear in Intern. J. Mod. Phys. A
Int.J.Mod.Phys. A16 (2001) 1109-1122
10.1142/S0217751X01003068
null
gr-qc
null
Deviation equation of Synge and Schild has been investigated over spaces with affine connections and metrics. It is shown that the condition for the vanishing of the Lie derivative of a vector field along a given non-null (non-isotropic) vector field u for obtaining this equation is only a sufficient (but not necessary) condition. By means of the vector field u and the projective metric (orthogonal to it) projected deviation equations of Synge and Schild have been obtained for a vector field, orthogonal to the given vector field u, as well as for the square of its length. For a given non-isotropic, auto-parallel and normalized vector field u this equation could have some simple solutions. PACS numbers: 02.90; 04.50+h; 04.90.+e: 04.30.+x
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Dec 2000 07:31:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Manoff", "S.", "" ] ]
Deviation equation of Synge and Schild has been investigated over spaces with affine connections and metrics. It is shown that the condition for the vanishing of the Lie derivative of a vector field along a given non-null (non-isotropic) vector field u for obtaining this equation is only a sufficient (but not necessary) condition. By means of the vector field u and the projective metric (orthogonal to it) projected deviation equations of Synge and Schild have been obtained for a vector field, orthogonal to the given vector field u, as well as for the square of its length. For a given non-isotropic, auto-parallel and normalized vector field u this equation could have some simple solutions. PACS numbers: 02.90; 04.50+h; 04.90.+e: 04.30.+x
1901.09870
Christy Kelly
Christy Kelly, Carlo A Trugenberger and Fabio Biancalana
Self-Assembly of Geometric Space from Random Graphs
26 pages, 9 figures, 2 appendices
Classical and Quantum Gravity, 2019
10.1088/1361-6382/ab1c7d
null
gr-qc cond-mat.stat-mech hep-th math.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a Euclidean quantum gravity model in which random graphs dynamically self-assemble into discrete manifold structures. Concretely, we consider a statistical model driven by a discretisation of the Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action; contrary to previous approaches based on simplicial complexes and Regge calculus our discretisation is based on the Ollivier curvature, a coarse analogue of the manifold Ricci curvature defined for generic graphs. The Ollivier curvature is generally difficult to evaluate due to its definition in terms of optimal transport theory, but we present a new exact expression for the Ollivier curvature in a wide class of relevant graphs purely in terms of the numbers of short cycles at an edge. This result should be of independent intrinsic interest to network theorists. Action minimising configurations prove to be cubic complexes up to defects; there are indications that such defects are dynamically suppressed in the macroscopic limit. Closer examination of a defect free model shows that certain classical configurations have a geometric interpretation and discretely approximate vacuum solutions to the Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action. Working in a configuration space where the geometric configurations are stable vacua of the theory, we obtain direct numerical evidence for the existence of a continuous phase transition; this makes the model a UV completion of Euclidean Einstein gravity. Notably, this phase transition implies an area-law for the entropy of emerging geometric space. Certain vacua of the theory can be interpreted as baby universes; we find that these configurations appear as stable vacua in a mean field approximation of our model, but are excluded dynamically whenever the action is exact indicating the dynamical stability of geometric space. The model is intended as a setting for subsequent studies of emergent time mechanisms.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Jan 2019 18:24:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 Apr 2019 13:56:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-01
[ [ "Kelly", "Christy", "" ], [ "Trugenberger", "Carlo A", "" ], [ "Biancalana", "Fabio", "" ] ]
We present a Euclidean quantum gravity model in which random graphs dynamically self-assemble into discrete manifold structures. Concretely, we consider a statistical model driven by a discretisation of the Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action; contrary to previous approaches based on simplicial complexes and Regge calculus our discretisation is based on the Ollivier curvature, a coarse analogue of the manifold Ricci curvature defined for generic graphs. The Ollivier curvature is generally difficult to evaluate due to its definition in terms of optimal transport theory, but we present a new exact expression for the Ollivier curvature in a wide class of relevant graphs purely in terms of the numbers of short cycles at an edge. This result should be of independent intrinsic interest to network theorists. Action minimising configurations prove to be cubic complexes up to defects; there are indications that such defects are dynamically suppressed in the macroscopic limit. Closer examination of a defect free model shows that certain classical configurations have a geometric interpretation and discretely approximate vacuum solutions to the Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action. Working in a configuration space where the geometric configurations are stable vacua of the theory, we obtain direct numerical evidence for the existence of a continuous phase transition; this makes the model a UV completion of Euclidean Einstein gravity. Notably, this phase transition implies an area-law for the entropy of emerging geometric space. Certain vacua of the theory can be interpreted as baby universes; we find that these configurations appear as stable vacua in a mean field approximation of our model, but are excluded dynamically whenever the action is exact indicating the dynamical stability of geometric space. The model is intended as a setting for subsequent studies of emergent time mechanisms.
2404.16981
Giulio Neri
Giulio Neri and Stefano Liberati
Covariant phase space analysis of Lanczos-Lovelock gravity with boundaries
38 pages, 2 figures; references added, minor rephrasing
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
This work introduces a novel prescription for the expression of the thermodynamic potentials associated with the couplings of a Lanczos-Lovelock theory. These potentials emerge in theories with multiple couplings, where the ratio between them provide intrinsic length scales that break scale invariance. Our prescription, derived from the covariant phase space formalism, differs from previous approaches by enabling the construction of finite potentials without reference to any background. To do so, we consistently work with finite-size systems with Dirichlet boundary conditions and rigorously take into account boundary and corner terms: including these terms is found to be crucial for relaxing the integrability conditions for phase space quantities that were required in previous works. We apply this prescription to the first law of (extended) thermodynamics for stationary black holes, and derive a version of the Smarr formula that holds for static black holes with arbitrary asymptotic behaviour.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Apr 2024 19:13:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 May 2024 14:34:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-15
[ [ "Neri", "Giulio", "" ], [ "Liberati", "Stefano", "" ] ]
This work introduces a novel prescription for the expression of the thermodynamic potentials associated with the couplings of a Lanczos-Lovelock theory. These potentials emerge in theories with multiple couplings, where the ratio between them provide intrinsic length scales that break scale invariance. Our prescription, derived from the covariant phase space formalism, differs from previous approaches by enabling the construction of finite potentials without reference to any background. To do so, we consistently work with finite-size systems with Dirichlet boundary conditions and rigorously take into account boundary and corner terms: including these terms is found to be crucial for relaxing the integrability conditions for phase space quantities that were required in previous works. We apply this prescription to the first law of (extended) thermodynamics for stationary black holes, and derive a version of the Smarr formula that holds for static black holes with arbitrary asymptotic behaviour.
0808.1687
Mark D. Roberts
Mark D. Roberts
The Lanczos potential and Chern-Simons theory
15 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A new tensor $D$ is introduced which is constructed from the Lanczos potential and is of the same form as that of the Weyl tensor $C$ expressed in terms of the Lanczos potential except that covariant differentiation is replaced by transvection with a vector $v$. The new tensor has associated invariants $C\cdot D$ and $D^2$, the first of these can be interpreted as a Chern-Simons term for Weyl $C^2$ gravity. Both invariants allow various tensors to be constructed and some of the properties of these are investigated by using exact examples.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Aug 2008 15:48:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-08-13
[ [ "Roberts", "Mark D.", "" ] ]
A new tensor $D$ is introduced which is constructed from the Lanczos potential and is of the same form as that of the Weyl tensor $C$ expressed in terms of the Lanczos potential except that covariant differentiation is replaced by transvection with a vector $v$. The new tensor has associated invariants $C\cdot D$ and $D^2$, the first of these can be interpreted as a Chern-Simons term for Weyl $C^2$ gravity. Both invariants allow various tensors to be constructed and some of the properties of these are investigated by using exact examples.
1104.2218
Cosimo Bambi
Cosimo Bambi
Compact objects with spin parameter $a_* > 1$
4 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at "46th Rencontres de Moriond: Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity", 20 - 27 March 2011, La Thuile, Aosta, Italy. To appear in the conference proceedings
null
null
IPMU11-0055
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In 4-dimensional General Relativity, black holes are described by the Kerr solution and are completely specified by their mass $M$ and by their spin angular momentum $J$. A fundamental limit for a black hole in General Relativity is the Kerr bound $|a_*| \le 1$, where $a_* = J/M^2$ is the spin parameter. Future experiments will be able to probe the geometry around these objects and test the Kerr black hole hypothesis. Interestingly, if these objects are not black holes, the accretion process may spin them up to $a_* > 1$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Apr 2011 14:11:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-13
[ [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ] ]
In 4-dimensional General Relativity, black holes are described by the Kerr solution and are completely specified by their mass $M$ and by their spin angular momentum $J$. A fundamental limit for a black hole in General Relativity is the Kerr bound $|a_*| \le 1$, where $a_* = J/M^2$ is the spin parameter. Future experiments will be able to probe the geometry around these objects and test the Kerr black hole hypothesis. Interestingly, if these objects are not black holes, the accretion process may spin them up to $a_* > 1$.
1008.5219
Wen-Biao Han
Wen-Biao Han
Comment on "Is a Circular Orbit Possible According to General Relativity?" (arXiv:1008.3553v1)
4 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This is a comment on `` Is a Circular Orbit Possible According to General Relativity?" by F. T. Hioe and D. Kuebel.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Aug 2010 05:19:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-09-01
[ [ "Han", "Wen-Biao", "" ] ]
This is a comment on `` Is a Circular Orbit Possible According to General Relativity?" by F. T. Hioe and D. Kuebel.
0809.2469
Jakub Mielczarek
Jakub Mielczarek
Multi-fluid potential in the loop cosmology
6 pages, 6 figures, new section on perturbations added. Version to appear in PLB
Phys.Lett.B675:273-278,2009
10.1016/j.physletb.2009.04.034
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The scalar field can behave like a fluid with equation of state $p_{\phi}=w\rho_{\phi}$, where $w \in [-1,1]$. In this Letter we derive a class of the scalar field potentials for which $w=$ const. Scalar field with such a potential can mimic ordinary matter, radiation, cosmic strings, etc. We perform our calculations in the framework of the loop cosmology with holonomy corrections. We solve the model analytically for the whole parameter space. Subsequently, we perform similar consideration for the model with a phantom field ($w<-1$). We show that scalar field is monotonic function in both cases. This indicates that it can be treated as a well-defined internal time for these models. Moreover we perform preliminary studies of the scalar field perturbations with this potential. We indicate that non-Gaussian features are present admitting for the possible observational constraints of the model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Sep 2008 09:45:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 12 Oct 2008 21:10:29 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Apr 2009 01:50:22 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-03-28
[ [ "Mielczarek", "Jakub", "" ] ]
The scalar field can behave like a fluid with equation of state $p_{\phi}=w\rho_{\phi}$, where $w \in [-1,1]$. In this Letter we derive a class of the scalar field potentials for which $w=$ const. Scalar field with such a potential can mimic ordinary matter, radiation, cosmic strings, etc. We perform our calculations in the framework of the loop cosmology with holonomy corrections. We solve the model analytically for the whole parameter space. Subsequently, we perform similar consideration for the model with a phantom field ($w<-1$). We show that scalar field is monotonic function in both cases. This indicates that it can be treated as a well-defined internal time for these models. Moreover we perform preliminary studies of the scalar field perturbations with this potential. We indicate that non-Gaussian features are present admitting for the possible observational constraints of the model.
gr-qc/0103084
Hans-Jurgen Matschull
Hans-Juergen Matschull
The Phase Space Structure of Multi Particle Models in 2+1 Gravity
72 pages, LeTeX2e, 10 eps figures
Class.Quant.Grav.18:3497-3560,2001
10.1088/0264-9381/18/17/309
MZ-TH/00-44
gr-qc
null
What can we learn about quantum gravity from a simple toy model, without actually quantizing it? The toy model consists of a finite number of point particles, coupled to three dimensional Einstein gravity. It has finitely many physical degrees of freedom. These are basically the relative positions of the particles in spacetime and the conjugate momenta. The resulting reduced phase space is derived from Einstein gravity as a topological field theory. The crucial point is thereby that we do not make any a priori assumptions about this phase space, except that the dynamics of the gravitational field is defined by the Einstein Hilbert action. This already leads to some interesting features of the reduced phase space, such as a non-commutative structure of spacetime when the model is quantized.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Mar 2001 02:49:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Matschull", "Hans-Juergen", "" ] ]
What can we learn about quantum gravity from a simple toy model, without actually quantizing it? The toy model consists of a finite number of point particles, coupled to three dimensional Einstein gravity. It has finitely many physical degrees of freedom. These are basically the relative positions of the particles in spacetime and the conjugate momenta. The resulting reduced phase space is derived from Einstein gravity as a topological field theory. The crucial point is thereby that we do not make any a priori assumptions about this phase space, except that the dynamics of the gravitational field is defined by the Einstein Hilbert action. This already leads to some interesting features of the reduced phase space, such as a non-commutative structure of spacetime when the model is quantized.
2103.03119
Benrong Mu
Jing Liang, Wei Lin and Benrong Mu
Joule-Thomson expansion of the torus-like black hole
14 pages, 15 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study Joule-Thomson effects for the torus-like black hole. The Joule-Thomson coefficients, the inversion curves and the isenthalpic curves are studied. Furthermore, we investigate similarities and differences between the Van der Waals fluid, the torus-like black hole and the charged AdS black holes for the expansion. The isenthalpic curves in the $T-P$ plane are obtained. Moreover, we determine the cooling-heating regions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Mar 2021 15:45:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-03-05
[ [ "Liang", "Jing", "" ], [ "Lin", "Wei", "" ], [ "Mu", "Benrong", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study Joule-Thomson effects for the torus-like black hole. The Joule-Thomson coefficients, the inversion curves and the isenthalpic curves are studied. Furthermore, we investigate similarities and differences between the Van der Waals fluid, the torus-like black hole and the charged AdS black holes for the expansion. The isenthalpic curves in the $T-P$ plane are obtained. Moreover, we determine the cooling-heating regions.
1701.01983
Sharmanthie Fernando
Sharmanthie Fernando and Amanda Manning
Electromagnetic perturbations of a de Sitter black hole in massive gravity
25 pages, and 19 figures. Submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics D
International Journal of Modern Physics D 26, no:10, 1750100 (2017)
10.1142/S0218271817501000
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The main purpose of this paper is to study quasinormal modes (QNM) of a black hole in massive gravity with a positive cosmological constant due to electromagnetic perturbations. A detailed study of the QNM frequencies for the electromagnetic field is done by varying the parameters of the theory such as the mass, scalar charge, cosmological constant, and the spherical harmonic index. We have employed the sixth order WKB approximation to calculate the QNM frequencies. The electromagnetic potential for the near extreme massive gravity de Sitter black hole is approximated with the P$\ddot{o}$schl-Teller potential to obtain exact frequencies. Our results show that the black hole is stable under electromagnetic perturbations. The null geodesics of the black hole in massive gravity is employed to describe the absorption cross sections at high-frequency limit.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Jan 2017 16:56:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Jan 2017 16:38:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-07-31
[ [ "Fernando", "Sharmanthie", "" ], [ "Manning", "Amanda", "" ] ]
The main purpose of this paper is to study quasinormal modes (QNM) of a black hole in massive gravity with a positive cosmological constant due to electromagnetic perturbations. A detailed study of the QNM frequencies for the electromagnetic field is done by varying the parameters of the theory such as the mass, scalar charge, cosmological constant, and the spherical harmonic index. We have employed the sixth order WKB approximation to calculate the QNM frequencies. The electromagnetic potential for the near extreme massive gravity de Sitter black hole is approximated with the P$\ddot{o}$schl-Teller potential to obtain exact frequencies. Our results show that the black hole is stable under electromagnetic perturbations. The null geodesics of the black hole in massive gravity is employed to describe the absorption cross sections at high-frequency limit.
0806.4183
Eyo Ita III
Eyo Eyo Ita III
Instanton representation of Plebanski gravity XXII. Minisuperspace quantization of gravity coupled to spin 1/2 fermionic fields
21 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we carry out a quantization of gravity coupled to massless spin 1/2 fermions through the instanton representation of Plebanski gravity. We have constructed a Hilbert space of states for this model, and we have computed the Hamilton's equations of motion. The classical equations appear, at a superficial level, to be consistent with the quantum dynamics of the theory.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Jun 2008 19:55:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Jun 2008 11:39:35 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Dec 2009 16:20:37 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Jul 2010 10:16:49 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2010-07-13
[ [ "Ita", "Eyo Eyo", "III" ] ]
In this paper we carry out a quantization of gravity coupled to massless spin 1/2 fermions through the instanton representation of Plebanski gravity. We have constructed a Hilbert space of states for this model, and we have computed the Hamilton's equations of motion. The classical equations appear, at a superficial level, to be consistent with the quantum dynamics of the theory.
2003.07092
Karim Mosani
Karim Mosani, Dipanjan Dey, Pankaj S. Joshi
Global visibility of a strong curvature singularity in nonmarginally bound dust collapse
null
Phys. Rev. D 102, 044037 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.044037
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate here the local versus global visibility of a space-time singularity formed due to the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric dust cloud having a non-zero velocity function. The conditions are investigated that ensure the global visibility of the singularity, in the sense that the outgoing null geodesics leave the boundary of the matter cloud in the future, whereas, in the past, these terminate at the singularity. Explicit examples of this effect are constructed. We require that this must be a strong curvature singularity in the sense of Tipler, to ensure the physical significance of the scenario considered. This may act as a counterexample to the weak cosmic censorship hypothesis.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Mar 2020 10:07:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 22 Aug 2020 12:06:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-08-26
[ [ "Mosani", "Karim", "" ], [ "Dey", "Dipanjan", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ] ]
We investigate here the local versus global visibility of a space-time singularity formed due to the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric dust cloud having a non-zero velocity function. The conditions are investigated that ensure the global visibility of the singularity, in the sense that the outgoing null geodesics leave the boundary of the matter cloud in the future, whereas, in the past, these terminate at the singularity. Explicit examples of this effect are constructed. We require that this must be a strong curvature singularity in the sense of Tipler, to ensure the physical significance of the scenario considered. This may act as a counterexample to the weak cosmic censorship hypothesis.
gr-qc/9406022
P. Suntharothok-Priesmeyer
Clifford M. Will
Testing Scalar-Tensor Gravity with Gravitational-Wave Observations of Inspiralling Compact Binaries
10 pages, (3 figures upon request), WUGRAV-94-6
Phys.Rev. D50 (1994) 6058-6067
10.1103/PhysRevD.50.6058
null
gr-qc
null
Observations of gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries using laser-interferometric detectors can provide accurate measures of parameters of the source. They can also constrain alternative gravitation theories. We analyse inspiralling compact %binaries in the context of the scalar-tensor theory of Jordan, Fierz, Brans and Dicke, focussing on the effect on the inspiral of energy lost to dipole gravitational radiation, whose source is the gravitational self-binding energy of the inspiralling bodies. Using a matched-filter analysis we obtain a bound on the coupling constant $\omega_{\rm BD}$ of Brans-Dicke theory. For a neutron-star/black-hole binary, we find that the bound could exceed the current bound of $\omega_{\rm BD}>500$ from solar-system experiments, for sufficiently low-mass systems. For a $0.7 M_\odot$ neutron star and a $3 M_\odot$ black hole we find that a bound $\omega_{\rm BD} \approx 2000$ is achievable. The bound decreases with increasing black-hole mass. For binaries consisting of two neutron stars, the bound is less than 500 unless the stars' masses differ by more than about $0.5 M_\odot$. For two black holes, the behavior of the inspiralling binary is observationally indistinguishable from its behavior in general relativity. These bounds assume reasonable neutron-star equations of state and a detector signal-to-noise ratio of 10.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Jun 1994 12:43:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Will", "Clifford M.", "" ] ]
Observations of gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries using laser-interferometric detectors can provide accurate measures of parameters of the source. They can also constrain alternative gravitation theories. We analyse inspiralling compact %binaries in the context of the scalar-tensor theory of Jordan, Fierz, Brans and Dicke, focussing on the effect on the inspiral of energy lost to dipole gravitational radiation, whose source is the gravitational self-binding energy of the inspiralling bodies. Using a matched-filter analysis we obtain a bound on the coupling constant $\omega_{\rm BD}$ of Brans-Dicke theory. For a neutron-star/black-hole binary, we find that the bound could exceed the current bound of $\omega_{\rm BD}>500$ from solar-system experiments, for sufficiently low-mass systems. For a $0.7 M_\odot$ neutron star and a $3 M_\odot$ black hole we find that a bound $\omega_{\rm BD} \approx 2000$ is achievable. The bound decreases with increasing black-hole mass. For binaries consisting of two neutron stars, the bound is less than 500 unless the stars' masses differ by more than about $0.5 M_\odot$. For two black holes, the behavior of the inspiralling binary is observationally indistinguishable from its behavior in general relativity. These bounds assume reasonable neutron-star equations of state and a detector signal-to-noise ratio of 10.
2203.12124
Yen-Kheng Lim PhD
Ziou Yang and Yen-Kheng Lim
Structure of test magnetic fields and charged particle motion around the Hayward spacetime
32 pages, 12 figures. Sec. 2 expanded, typos corrected
Phys. Rev. D 105, 124045 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.124045
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A configuration of a test magnetic field in Hayward spacetime is obtained by solving Maxwell's equation with the Hayward metric as the background. The magnetic field lines show a dipole loop-like configuration in the regular Hayward interior, and tends to an asymptotically uniform structure away from the cylindrical axis. The motion of charged particles is then studied in this spacetime. The parameters and stability of circular orbits on the equatorial plane are studied. Aspects of non-equatorial motion are also studied.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Mar 2022 01:35:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Jun 2022 01:26:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-06-24
[ [ "Yang", "Ziou", "" ], [ "Lim", "Yen-Kheng", "" ] ]
A configuration of a test magnetic field in Hayward spacetime is obtained by solving Maxwell's equation with the Hayward metric as the background. The magnetic field lines show a dipole loop-like configuration in the regular Hayward interior, and tends to an asymptotically uniform structure away from the cylindrical axis. The motion of charged particles is then studied in this spacetime. The parameters and stability of circular orbits on the equatorial plane are studied. Aspects of non-equatorial motion are also studied.
2205.08320
Pisin Chen
Pisin Chen, Misao Sasaki, Dong-han Yeom, Junggi Yoon
Resolving information loss paradox with Euclidean path integral
12 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1142/S0218271822420019
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The information loss paradox remains unresolved ever since Hawking's seminal discovery of black hole evaporation. In this essay, we revisit the entanglement entropy via Euclidean path integral (EPI) and allow for the branching of semi-classical histories during the Lorentzian evolution. We posit that there exist two histories that contribute to EPI, where one is information-losing that dominates at early times, while the other is information-preserving that dominates at late times. By so doing we recover the Page curve and preserve the unitarity, albeit with the Page time shifted significantly towards the late time. One implication is that the entropy bound may thus be violated. We compare our approach with string-based islands and replica wormholes concepts.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 May 2022 13:15:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-16
[ [ "Chen", "Pisin", "" ], [ "Sasaki", "Misao", "" ], [ "Yeom", "Dong-han", "" ], [ "Yoon", "Junggi", "" ] ]
The information loss paradox remains unresolved ever since Hawking's seminal discovery of black hole evaporation. In this essay, we revisit the entanglement entropy via Euclidean path integral (EPI) and allow for the branching of semi-classical histories during the Lorentzian evolution. We posit that there exist two histories that contribute to EPI, where one is information-losing that dominates at early times, while the other is information-preserving that dominates at late times. By so doing we recover the Page curve and preserve the unitarity, albeit with the Page time shifted significantly towards the late time. One implication is that the entropy bound may thus be violated. We compare our approach with string-based islands and replica wormholes concepts.
2301.00156
Spiros Cotsakis
Spiros Cotsakis and John Miritzis
Trans-Planckian censorship and spacetime singularities
v2: 11 pages, minor corrections, added references, matches published version
Mathematics 11 (2023) 633
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the effects of trans-planckian censorship conjecture (TCC) bounds on geodesic completeness of spacetime and the associated existence for an infinite proper time. Using Gronwall's lemma, TCC bounds can be derived directly, leading to a result about the absence of blowup solutions. We show that the TCC provides part of the required criteria for geodesic completeness, and we then provide the remaining ones - the norm of the extrinsic curvature being bounded away from zero. We also discuss the importance of these results for the classical evolution of Friedmann universes under the assumptions of global and regular hyperbolicity.
[ { "created": "Sat, 31 Dec 2022 08:52:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 Jan 2023 10:19:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-06-13
[ [ "Cotsakis", "Spiros", "" ], [ "Miritzis", "John", "" ] ]
We study the effects of trans-planckian censorship conjecture (TCC) bounds on geodesic completeness of spacetime and the associated existence for an infinite proper time. Using Gronwall's lemma, TCC bounds can be derived directly, leading to a result about the absence of blowup solutions. We show that the TCC provides part of the required criteria for geodesic completeness, and we then provide the remaining ones - the norm of the extrinsic curvature being bounded away from zero. We also discuss the importance of these results for the classical evolution of Friedmann universes under the assumptions of global and regular hyperbolicity.
gr-qc/0611063
Tao Mei
T. Mei
A New Variable in General Relativity and Its Applications for Classic and Quantum Gravity
28 pages, no figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A new variable in the Riemannian geometry is introduced by the tetrad and the Ricci's coefficients of rotation, the characters of curve of the Riemannian geometry are determined completely by the new variable; for general relativity, all the Einstein-Hilbert action, the Einstein equation in general relativity and the Dirac equation in curved spacetime can be expressed by the new variable, and, further, as well the action of the theory on the interaction of gravitational, electromagnetic and spinor field (TGESF). All the characters of transformations of the new variable, the Einstein-Hilbert action and the action of TGESF under the general coordinate transformations and the local Lorentz transformations are discussed, respectively. After presenting the method of introduction of gravitational field in terms of the principle of gauge invariance based on the Dirac equation, and the ten constraint conditions for the tetrad are given, the vacuum-vacuum transition amplitude with the Faddeev-Popov ghost and the terms of external sources of the pure gravitational field is presented; finally, as well that of TGESF.
[ { "created": "Sat, 11 Nov 2006 19:35:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Nov 2006 09:17:26 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Nov 2006 09:16:01 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Dec 2006 06:16:38 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Mei", "T.", "" ] ]
A new variable in the Riemannian geometry is introduced by the tetrad and the Ricci's coefficients of rotation, the characters of curve of the Riemannian geometry are determined completely by the new variable; for general relativity, all the Einstein-Hilbert action, the Einstein equation in general relativity and the Dirac equation in curved spacetime can be expressed by the new variable, and, further, as well the action of the theory on the interaction of gravitational, electromagnetic and spinor field (TGESF). All the characters of transformations of the new variable, the Einstein-Hilbert action and the action of TGESF under the general coordinate transformations and the local Lorentz transformations are discussed, respectively. After presenting the method of introduction of gravitational field in terms of the principle of gauge invariance based on the Dirac equation, and the ten constraint conditions for the tetrad are given, the vacuum-vacuum transition amplitude with the Faddeev-Popov ghost and the terms of external sources of the pure gravitational field is presented; finally, as well that of TGESF.
0705.2478
Yong-Wan Kim
Yun Soo Myung, Yong-Wan Kim, and Young-Jai Park
Entropy of an extremal regular black hole
17 Pages, 4 figures, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett.B659:832-838,2008
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.12.007
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We introduce a magnetically charged extremal regular black hole in the coupled system of Einstein gravity and nonlinear electrodynamics. Its near horizon geometry is given by $AdS_2\times S^2$. It turns out that the entropy function approach does not automatically lead to a correct entropy of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. This contrasts to the case of the extremal Reissner-Norstr\"om black hole in the Einstein-Maxwell theory. We conclude that the entropy function approach does not work for a magnetically charged extremal regular black hole without singularity, because of the nonlinearity of the entropy function.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 May 2007 05:38:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 10 Dec 2007 03:13:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ], [ "Kim", "Yong-Wan", "" ], [ "Park", "Young-Jai", "" ] ]
We introduce a magnetically charged extremal regular black hole in the coupled system of Einstein gravity and nonlinear electrodynamics. Its near horizon geometry is given by $AdS_2\times S^2$. It turns out that the entropy function approach does not automatically lead to a correct entropy of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. This contrasts to the case of the extremal Reissner-Norstr\"om black hole in the Einstein-Maxwell theory. We conclude that the entropy function approach does not work for a magnetically charged extremal regular black hole without singularity, because of the nonlinearity of the entropy function.
gr-qc/0202001
Juan A. Valiente-Kroon
Juan A. Valiente Kroon
Polyhomogeneous expansions close to null and spatial infinity
24 pages, 5 figures. To appear in: The Conformal Structure of Spacetimes. Geometry, Analysis, Numerics. J. Frauendiner and H. Friedrich eds. Springer
Lect.Notes Phys. 604 (2002) 135-160
null
null
gr-qc
null
A study of the linearised gravitational field (spin 2 zero-rest-mass field) on a Minkowski background close to spatial infinity is done. To this purpose, a certain representation of spatial infinity in which it is depicted as a cylinder is used. A first analysis shows that the solutions generically develop a particular type of logarithmic divergence at the sets where spatial infinity touches null infinity. A regularity condition on the initial data can be deduced from the analysis of some transport equations on the cylinder at spatial infinity. It is given in terms of the linearised version of the Cotton tensor and symmetrised higher order derivatives, and it ensures that the solutions of the transport equations extend analytically to the sets where spatial infinity touches null infinity. It is later shown that this regularity condition together with the requirement of some particular degree of tangential smoothness ensures logarithm-free expansions of the time development of the linearised gravitational field close to spatial and null infinities.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Feb 2002 09:53:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kroon", "Juan A. Valiente", "" ] ]
A study of the linearised gravitational field (spin 2 zero-rest-mass field) on a Minkowski background close to spatial infinity is done. To this purpose, a certain representation of spatial infinity in which it is depicted as a cylinder is used. A first analysis shows that the solutions generically develop a particular type of logarithmic divergence at the sets where spatial infinity touches null infinity. A regularity condition on the initial data can be deduced from the analysis of some transport equations on the cylinder at spatial infinity. It is given in terms of the linearised version of the Cotton tensor and symmetrised higher order derivatives, and it ensures that the solutions of the transport equations extend analytically to the sets where spatial infinity touches null infinity. It is later shown that this regularity condition together with the requirement of some particular degree of tangential smoothness ensures logarithm-free expansions of the time development of the linearised gravitational field close to spatial and null infinities.
1802.00860
H\'ector Ra\'ul Olivares S\'anchez
Hector Olivares, Oliver Porth, Yosuke Mizuno
The Black Hole Accretion Code: adaptive mesh refinement and constrained transport
10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM-2017)
null
10.1088/1742-6596/1031/1/012008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
With the forthcoming VLBI images of Sgr A* and M87, simulations of accretion flows onto black holes acquire a special importance to aid with the interpretation of the observations and to test the predictions of different accretion scenarios, including those coming from alternative theories of gravity. The Black Hole Accretion Code (BHAC) is a new multidimensional general-relativistic magnetohydrondynamics (GRMHD) module for the MPI-AMRVAC framework. It exploits its adaptive mesh refinement techniques (AMR) to solve the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics in arbitrary curved spacetimes with a significant speedup and saving in computational cost. In a previous work, this was shown using a Generalized Lagrange Multiplier (GLM) to enforce the solenoidal constraint of the magnetic field. While GLM is fully compatible with MPI-AMRVAC's AMR infrastructure, we found that simulations were sensible to the divergence control technique employed, resulting in an improved behavior for those using Constrained Transport (CT). However, cell-centered CT is incompatible with AMR, and several modifications were required to make AMR compatible with staggered CT. We present here preliminary results of these new additions, which achieved machine precision fulfillment of the solenoidal constraint and a significant speedup in a problem close to the intended scientific application.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Feb 2018 21:44:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-10-09
[ [ "Olivares", "Hector", "" ], [ "Porth", "Oliver", "" ], [ "Mizuno", "Yosuke", "" ] ]
With the forthcoming VLBI images of Sgr A* and M87, simulations of accretion flows onto black holes acquire a special importance to aid with the interpretation of the observations and to test the predictions of different accretion scenarios, including those coming from alternative theories of gravity. The Black Hole Accretion Code (BHAC) is a new multidimensional general-relativistic magnetohydrondynamics (GRMHD) module for the MPI-AMRVAC framework. It exploits its adaptive mesh refinement techniques (AMR) to solve the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics in arbitrary curved spacetimes with a significant speedup and saving in computational cost. In a previous work, this was shown using a Generalized Lagrange Multiplier (GLM) to enforce the solenoidal constraint of the magnetic field. While GLM is fully compatible with MPI-AMRVAC's AMR infrastructure, we found that simulations were sensible to the divergence control technique employed, resulting in an improved behavior for those using Constrained Transport (CT). However, cell-centered CT is incompatible with AMR, and several modifications were required to make AMR compatible with staggered CT. We present here preliminary results of these new additions, which achieved machine precision fulfillment of the solenoidal constraint and a significant speedup in a problem close to the intended scientific application.
1901.03387
Salvador Robles-Perez
Salvador J. Robles-Perez
Time reversal symmetry in cosmology and the creation of a universe-antiuniverse pair
9 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes and typos corrected, some references added and Fig. 2 has been improved
Universe 2019, 5(6), 150
10.3390/universe5060150
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The classical evolution of the universe can be seen as a parametrised worldline of the minisuperspace, with the time variable $t$ the parameter that parametrises the worldline. The time reversal symmetry of the field equations implies that for any positive oriented solution there can be a symmetric negative oriented one that, in terms of the same time variable, represent an expanding and a contracting universe, respectively. However, the choice of the time variable induced by the correct value of the Schr\"odinger equation in the two universes makes that their physical time variables could be reversely related. In that case, the two universes would be both expanding universes from the point of view of their internal inhabitants, who identify matter with the particles that move in their spacetimes and antimatter with the particles that move in the time reversely symmetric universe. If the assumptions considered are consistent with a realistic scenario of our universe, the creation of a universe-antiuniverse pair might explain two main and related problems in cosmology: the time asymmetry and the primordial matter-antimatter asymmetry of our universe.
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 Jan 2019 07:14:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Oct 2019 10:44:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Oct 2019 07:27:00 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-10-17
[ [ "Robles-Perez", "Salvador J.", "" ] ]
The classical evolution of the universe can be seen as a parametrised worldline of the minisuperspace, with the time variable $t$ the parameter that parametrises the worldline. The time reversal symmetry of the field equations implies that for any positive oriented solution there can be a symmetric negative oriented one that, in terms of the same time variable, represent an expanding and a contracting universe, respectively. However, the choice of the time variable induced by the correct value of the Schr\"odinger equation in the two universes makes that their physical time variables could be reversely related. In that case, the two universes would be both expanding universes from the point of view of their internal inhabitants, who identify matter with the particles that move in their spacetimes and antimatter with the particles that move in the time reversely symmetric universe. If the assumptions considered are consistent with a realistic scenario of our universe, the creation of a universe-antiuniverse pair might explain two main and related problems in cosmology: the time asymmetry and the primordial matter-antimatter asymmetry of our universe.
2108.06523
Haryanto Siahaan
Haryanto M. Siahaan and Paulus C. Tjiang
Destroying Kaluza-Klein and Kerr-Newman black holes
17 pages, 9 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the destroying of charged and rotating black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-(dilaton) theory. We show that a test particle with some appropriate properties in the black hole background can turn the black hole into a naked singularity. In this work, we neglect the self-force, self-energy, and radiative effects as considered by some others in literature. As the result, we are able to show that the Kerr-Newman and Kaluza-Klein black holes can be destroyed by the test particle. Furthermore, for Kaluza-Klein black hole, we consider the overspinning of the black hole by a neutral test scalar field.
[ { "created": "Sat, 14 Aug 2021 12:23:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-08-17
[ [ "Siahaan", "Haryanto M.", "" ], [ "Tjiang", "Paulus C.", "" ] ]
We investigate the destroying of charged and rotating black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-(dilaton) theory. We show that a test particle with some appropriate properties in the black hole background can turn the black hole into a naked singularity. In this work, we neglect the self-force, self-energy, and radiative effects as considered by some others in literature. As the result, we are able to show that the Kerr-Newman and Kaluza-Klein black holes can be destroyed by the test particle. Furthermore, for Kaluza-Klein black hole, we consider the overspinning of the black hole by a neutral test scalar field.
0711.4620
Jose M. Martin-Garcia
Carsten Gundlach, Jose M. Martin-Garcia
Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse
51 pages, 5 figures. Major update of Living Rev. Rel. 2 (1999) 4
LivingRev.Rel.10:5,2007
10.12942/lrr-2007-5
null
gr-qc
null
As first discovered by Choptuik, the black hole threshold in the space of initial data for general relativity shows both surprising structure and surprising simplicity. Universality, power-law scaling of the black hole mass, and scale echoing have given rise to the term "critical phenomena". They are explained by the existence of exact solutions which are attractors within the black hole threshold, that is, attractors of codimension one in phase space, and which are typically self-similar. Critical phenomena give a natural route from smooth initial data to arbitrarily large curvatures visible from infinity, and are therefore likely to be relevant for cosmic censorship, quantum gravity, astrophysics, and our general understanding of the dynamics of general relativity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Nov 2007 23:27:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Gundlach", "Carsten", "" ], [ "Martin-Garcia", "Jose M.", "" ] ]
As first discovered by Choptuik, the black hole threshold in the space of initial data for general relativity shows both surprising structure and surprising simplicity. Universality, power-law scaling of the black hole mass, and scale echoing have given rise to the term "critical phenomena". They are explained by the existence of exact solutions which are attractors within the black hole threshold, that is, attractors of codimension one in phase space, and which are typically self-similar. Critical phenomena give a natural route from smooth initial data to arbitrarily large curvatures visible from infinity, and are therefore likely to be relevant for cosmic censorship, quantum gravity, astrophysics, and our general understanding of the dynamics of general relativity.
1603.08600
Baocheng Zhang
Baocheng Zhang
The mass formula for an exotic BTZ black hole
null
Annals of Physics 367 (2016) 280-287
10.1016/j.aop.2016.01.021
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An exotic Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole has an angular momentum larger than its mass in three dimension (3D), which suggests the possibility that cosmic censorship could be violated if angular momentum is extracted by the Penrose process. In this paper, we propose a mass formula for the exotic BTZ black hole and show no violation of weak cosmic censorship in the gedanken process above by understanding properly its mass formula. Unlike the other black holes, the total energy of the exotic BTZ black hole is represented by the angular momentum instead of the mass, which supports a basic point of view that the same geometry should be determined by the same energy in 3D general relativity whose equation of motion can be given either by normal 3D Einstein gravity or by exotic 3D Einstein gravity. However, only the mass of the exotic black hole is related to the thermodynamics and other forms of energy are "dumb", which is consistent with the earlier thermodynamic analysis about exotic black holes.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Mar 2016 00:51:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-03-30
[ [ "Zhang", "Baocheng", "" ] ]
An exotic Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole has an angular momentum larger than its mass in three dimension (3D), which suggests the possibility that cosmic censorship could be violated if angular momentum is extracted by the Penrose process. In this paper, we propose a mass formula for the exotic BTZ black hole and show no violation of weak cosmic censorship in the gedanken process above by understanding properly its mass formula. Unlike the other black holes, the total energy of the exotic BTZ black hole is represented by the angular momentum instead of the mass, which supports a basic point of view that the same geometry should be determined by the same energy in 3D general relativity whose equation of motion can be given either by normal 3D Einstein gravity or by exotic 3D Einstein gravity. However, only the mass of the exotic black hole is related to the thermodynamics and other forms of energy are "dumb", which is consistent with the earlier thermodynamic analysis about exotic black holes.
1105.3607
Mariusz Dabrowski P.
Mariusz P. Dabrowski
Spacetime averaging of exotic singularity universes
5 pages, no figures, REVTEX4-1, minor improvements
Phys.Lett.B702:320-323,2011
10.1016/j.physletb.2011.07.043
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Taking a spacetime average as a measure of the strength of singularities we show that big-rips (type I) are stronger than big-bangs. The former have infinite spacetime averages while the latter have them equal to zero. The sudden future singularities (type II) and $w-$singularities (type V) have finite spacetime averages. The finite scale factor (type III) singularities for some values of the parameters may have an infinite average and in that sense they may be considered stronger than big-bangs.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2011 12:38:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 May 2011 05:52:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-09-28
[ [ "Dabrowski", "Mariusz P.", "" ] ]
Taking a spacetime average as a measure of the strength of singularities we show that big-rips (type I) are stronger than big-bangs. The former have infinite spacetime averages while the latter have them equal to zero. The sudden future singularities (type II) and $w-$singularities (type V) have finite spacetime averages. The finite scale factor (type III) singularities for some values of the parameters may have an infinite average and in that sense they may be considered stronger than big-bangs.
1203.6084
Mahouton J. Stephane Houndjo Dr
M. J. S. Houndjo, C. E. M. Batista, J. P. Campos, O. F. Piattella
Finite-time singularities in f(R, T) gravity and the effect of conformal anomaly
18 pages; Accepted for publication in Canadian Journal of Physics (CJP)
Can. J. Phys. 91(7), 548-553 (2013)
10.1139/cjp-2013-0023
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate $f(R,T)$ gravity models ($R$ is the curvature scalar and $T$ is the trace of the stress-energy tensor of ordinary matter) that are able to reproduce the four known types of future finite-time singularities. We choose a suitable expression for the Hubble parameter in order to realise the cosmic acceleration and we introduce two parameters, $\alpha$ and $H_s$, which characterise each type of singularity. We address conformal anomaly and we observe that it cannot remove the sudden singularity or the type IV one, but, for some values of $\alpha$, the big rip and the type III singularity may be avoided. We also find that, even without taking into account conformal anomaly, the big rip and the type III singularity may be removed thanks to the presence of the $T$ contribution of the $f(R,T)$ theory.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Mar 2012 20:33:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 24 Mar 2013 11:35:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-08-06
[ [ "Houndjo", "M. J. S.", "" ], [ "Batista", "C. E. M.", "" ], [ "Campos", "J. P.", "" ], [ "Piattella", "O. F.", "" ] ]
We investigate $f(R,T)$ gravity models ($R$ is the curvature scalar and $T$ is the trace of the stress-energy tensor of ordinary matter) that are able to reproduce the four known types of future finite-time singularities. We choose a suitable expression for the Hubble parameter in order to realise the cosmic acceleration and we introduce two parameters, $\alpha$ and $H_s$, which characterise each type of singularity. We address conformal anomaly and we observe that it cannot remove the sudden singularity or the type IV one, but, for some values of $\alpha$, the big rip and the type III singularity may be avoided. We also find that, even without taking into account conformal anomaly, the big rip and the type III singularity may be removed thanks to the presence of the $T$ contribution of the $f(R,T)$ theory.
1812.02758
Giuseppe Ficarra
Giuseppe Ficarra, Paolo Pani and Helvi Witek
Impact of multiple modes on the black-hole superradiant instability
21 pages, 12 figures; matches version accepted in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 99, 104019 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.104019
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Ultralight bosonic fields in the mass range $\sim (10^{-20}-10^{-11})\,{\rm eV}$ can trigger a superradiant instability that extracts energy and angular momentum from an astrophysical black hole with mass $M\sim(5,10^{10})M_\odot$, forming a nonspherical, rotating condensate around it. So far, most studies of the evolution and end-state of the instability have been limited to initial data containing only the fastest growing superradiant mode. By studying the evolution of multimode data in a quasi-adiabatic approximation, we show that the dynamics is much richer and depend strongly on the energy of the seed, on the relative amplitude between modes, and on the gravitational coupling. If the seed energy is a few percent of the black-hole mass, a black hole surrounded by a mixture of superradiant and nonsuperradiant modes with comparable amplitudes might not undergo a superradiant unstable phase, depending on the value of the boson mass. If the seed energy is smaller, as in the case of an instability triggered by quantum fluctuations, the effect of nonsuperradiant modes is negligible. We discuss the implications of these findings for current constraints on ultralight fields with electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Dec 2018 19:01:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Sep 2019 21:42:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-09-23
[ [ "Ficarra", "Giuseppe", "" ], [ "Pani", "Paolo", "" ], [ "Witek", "Helvi", "" ] ]
Ultralight bosonic fields in the mass range $\sim (10^{-20}-10^{-11})\,{\rm eV}$ can trigger a superradiant instability that extracts energy and angular momentum from an astrophysical black hole with mass $M\sim(5,10^{10})M_\odot$, forming a nonspherical, rotating condensate around it. So far, most studies of the evolution and end-state of the instability have been limited to initial data containing only the fastest growing superradiant mode. By studying the evolution of multimode data in a quasi-adiabatic approximation, we show that the dynamics is much richer and depend strongly on the energy of the seed, on the relative amplitude between modes, and on the gravitational coupling. If the seed energy is a few percent of the black-hole mass, a black hole surrounded by a mixture of superradiant and nonsuperradiant modes with comparable amplitudes might not undergo a superradiant unstable phase, depending on the value of the boson mass. If the seed energy is smaller, as in the case of an instability triggered by quantum fluctuations, the effect of nonsuperradiant modes is negligible. We discuss the implications of these findings for current constraints on ultralight fields with electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations.
2105.04687
Pedro Fernandes
Pedro G. S. Fernandes
Gravity with a generalized conformal scalar field: Theory and solutions
7 pages, 1 ancillary file. V2: References added and typo corrected. Published in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 103, 104065 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.104065
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We naturally extend the theory of gravity with a conformally coupled scalar field by only requiring conformal invariance of the scalar field equation of motion and not of the action. The classically extended theory incorporates a scalar-Gauss-Bonnet sector and has second-order equations of motion, belonging to the Horndeski class. Remarkably, the theory features a purely geometrical field equation that allows for closed-form black hole solutions and cosmologies to be easily found. These solutions permit investigations of in-vogue scalar-Gauss-Bonnet corrections to the gravitational action without the need of resorting to approximations or numerical methods. We discuss on the connection to the recently formulated 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 May 2021 22:01:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Jun 2021 14:25:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-07
[ [ "Fernandes", "Pedro G. S.", "" ] ]
We naturally extend the theory of gravity with a conformally coupled scalar field by only requiring conformal invariance of the scalar field equation of motion and not of the action. The classically extended theory incorporates a scalar-Gauss-Bonnet sector and has second-order equations of motion, belonging to the Horndeski class. Remarkably, the theory features a purely geometrical field equation that allows for closed-form black hole solutions and cosmologies to be easily found. These solutions permit investigations of in-vogue scalar-Gauss-Bonnet corrections to the gravitational action without the need of resorting to approximations or numerical methods. We discuss on the connection to the recently formulated 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity.
1609.06817
Wen-Biao Han
Wen-Biao Han
Fast Evolution and Waveform Generator for Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals in Equatorial-Circular Orbits
19 pages, 18 figures, 4 tables
Class. Quantum Grav. 33 (2016) 065009
10.1088/0264-9381/33/6/065009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we discuss the development of a fast and accurate waveform model for the quasi-circular orbital evolution of extreme-mass-ratio-inspirals (EMRIs). This model simply employs the data of a few numerical Teukoulsky-based energy fluxes and waveforms to fit out a set of polynomials for the entire fluxes and waveforms. These obtained polynomials are accurate enough in the entire evolution domain, and much more accurate than the resummation post-Newtonian (PN) energy fluxes and waveforms, especially when the spin of a black hole becomes large. The dynamical equation we adopted for orbital revolution is the effective-one-body (EOB) formalism. Because of the simplified expressions, the efficiency of calculating the orbital evolution with our polynomials is also better than the traditional method which uses the resummed PN analytical fluxes. Our model should be useful in calculation of waveform templates of EMRIs for the gravitational wave detectors such as the evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (eLISA).
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Sep 2016 04:28:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-09-23
[ [ "Han", "Wen-Biao", "" ] ]
In this paper we discuss the development of a fast and accurate waveform model for the quasi-circular orbital evolution of extreme-mass-ratio-inspirals (EMRIs). This model simply employs the data of a few numerical Teukoulsky-based energy fluxes and waveforms to fit out a set of polynomials for the entire fluxes and waveforms. These obtained polynomials are accurate enough in the entire evolution domain, and much more accurate than the resummation post-Newtonian (PN) energy fluxes and waveforms, especially when the spin of a black hole becomes large. The dynamical equation we adopted for orbital revolution is the effective-one-body (EOB) formalism. Because of the simplified expressions, the efficiency of calculating the orbital evolution with our polynomials is also better than the traditional method which uses the resummed PN analytical fluxes. Our model should be useful in calculation of waveform templates of EMRIs for the gravitational wave detectors such as the evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (eLISA).
2306.02423
Marko Stojanovic
Marko Stojanovic, Neven Bilic, Dragoljub D. Dimitrijevic, Goran S. Djordjevic, Milan Milosevic
Tachyon constant-roll inflation in Randall-Sundrum II cosmology
null
IJMPA 38, 2343003 (2023)
10.1142/S0217751X23430030
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
We study inflation in a model with constant second slow-roll parameter $\eta$. In this case, the Hubble expansion rate equation has analytical solutions describing four possible, nontrivial inflation scenarios. The evolution of the inflaton governed by a tachyon field is studied in the framework of the standard and Randall-Sundrum II cosmology. The attractor behavior of the solution is briefly demonstrated. Finally, the calculated values of the parameters $n_{\rm s}$ and $r$ are compared with observational data.
[ { "created": "Sun, 4 Jun 2023 17:55:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Jun 2023 12:22:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-03
[ [ "Stojanovic", "Marko", "" ], [ "Bilic", "Neven", "" ], [ "Dimitrijevic", "Dragoljub D.", "" ], [ "Djordjevic", "Goran S.", "" ], [ "Milosevic", "Milan", "" ] ]
We study inflation in a model with constant second slow-roll parameter $\eta$. In this case, the Hubble expansion rate equation has analytical solutions describing four possible, nontrivial inflation scenarios. The evolution of the inflaton governed by a tachyon field is studied in the framework of the standard and Randall-Sundrum II cosmology. The attractor behavior of the solution is briefly demonstrated. Finally, the calculated values of the parameters $n_{\rm s}$ and $r$ are compared with observational data.
1607.01934
Clemens S\"amann
Clemens S\"amann, Roland Steinbauer, Robert \v{S}varc
Completeness of general pp-wave spacetimes and their impulsive limit
26 pages, 3 figures
2016 Class. Quantum Grav. 33 215006
10.1088/0264-9381/33/21/215006
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate geodesic completeness in the full family of pp-wave or Brinkmann spacetimes in their extended as well as in their impulsive form. This class of geometries contains the recently studied gyratonic pp-waves, modelling the exterior field of a spinning beam of null particles, as well as NPWs, which generalise classical pp-waves by allowing for a general wave surface. The problem of geodesic completeness reduces to the question of completeness of trajectories on a Riemannian manifold under an external force field. Building upon respective recent results we derive completeness criteria in terms of the spatial asymptotics of the profile function in the extended case. In the impulsive case we use a fixed point argument to show that irrespective of the behaviour of the profile function all geometries in the class are complete.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Jul 2016 09:31:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Jul 2016 07:24:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 16 Oct 2016 17:07:38 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-10-18
[ [ "Sämann", "Clemens", "" ], [ "Steinbauer", "Roland", "" ], [ "Švarc", "Robert", "" ] ]
We investigate geodesic completeness in the full family of pp-wave or Brinkmann spacetimes in their extended as well as in their impulsive form. This class of geometries contains the recently studied gyratonic pp-waves, modelling the exterior field of a spinning beam of null particles, as well as NPWs, which generalise classical pp-waves by allowing for a general wave surface. The problem of geodesic completeness reduces to the question of completeness of trajectories on a Riemannian manifold under an external force field. Building upon respective recent results we derive completeness criteria in terms of the spatial asymptotics of the profile function in the extended case. In the impulsive case we use a fixed point argument to show that irrespective of the behaviour of the profile function all geometries in the class are complete.
gr-qc/0404058
Tomislav Prokopec
Bjorn Garbrecht, Tomislav Prokopec (Heidelberg University)
Unruh response functions for scalar fields in de Sitter space
16 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication by Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 4993-5004
10.1088/0264-9381/21/21/016
HD-THEP-04-11
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We calculate the response functions of a freely falling Unruh detector in de Sitter space coupled to scalar fields of different coupling to the curvature, including the minimally coupled massless case. Although the responses differ strongly in the infrared as a consequence of the amplification of superhorizon modes, the energy levels of the detector are thermally populated.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Apr 2004 11:14:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 9 Oct 2004 15:01:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Garbrecht", "Bjorn", "", "Heidelberg University" ], [ "Prokopec", "Tomislav", "", "Heidelberg University" ] ]
We calculate the response functions of a freely falling Unruh detector in de Sitter space coupled to scalar fields of different coupling to the curvature, including the minimally coupled massless case. Although the responses differ strongly in the infrared as a consequence of the amplification of superhorizon modes, the energy levels of the detector are thermally populated.
0810.0078
Yun Soo Myung
Yun Soo Myung, Myungseok Yoon
Regular black hole in three dimensions
15 pages, 16 figures, 3D noncommutative black hole included as Sec 4, a version to appear in EPJC
Eur.Phys.J.C62:405-411,2009
10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1036-9
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We find a new black hole in three dimensional anti-de Sitter space by introducing an anisotropic perfect fluid inspired by the noncommutative black hole. This is a regular black hole with two horizons. We compare thermodynamics of this black hole with that of non-rotating BTZ black hole. The first-law of thermodynamics is not compatible with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Oct 2008 06:13:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Apr 2009 02:06:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-07-24
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ], [ "Yoon", "Myungseok", "" ] ]
We find a new black hole in three dimensional anti-de Sitter space by introducing an anisotropic perfect fluid inspired by the noncommutative black hole. This is a regular black hole with two horizons. We compare thermodynamics of this black hole with that of non-rotating BTZ black hole. The first-law of thermodynamics is not compatible with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
0906.2520
Slava G. Turyshev
Slava G. Turyshev
Testing Relativistic Gravity from Space
5 pages, 3 figures, invited talk at the IAU Symposium 261 "Relativity in Fundamental Astronomy: Dynamics, Reference Frames, and Data Analysis", 27 April - 1 May 2009, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
in ``Relativity in Fundamental Astronomy: Dynamics, Reference Frames, and Data Analysis'', eds. S.A. Klioner, P.K. Seidelmann, M.H. Soffel., pp. 204-208 (Cambridge University Press, 2010)
10.1017/S1743921309990408
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent experiments have successfully tested Einstein's general theory of relativity to remarkable precision. We discuss recent progress in the tests of relativistic gravity in the solar system and present motivations for the new generation of high-accuracy gravitational experiments. We especially focus on the concepts aiming to probe parametrized-post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma$ and evaluate the discovery potential of the recently proposed experiments.
[ { "created": "Sun, 14 Jun 2009 08:37:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Jul 2009 19:59:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Turyshev", "Slava G.", "" ] ]
Recent experiments have successfully tested Einstein's general theory of relativity to remarkable precision. We discuss recent progress in the tests of relativistic gravity in the solar system and present motivations for the new generation of high-accuracy gravitational experiments. We especially focus on the concepts aiming to probe parametrized-post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma$ and evaluate the discovery potential of the recently proposed experiments.
1611.04545
Nihan Kat{\i}rc{\i}
Ozgur Akarsu, Metin Arik, Nihan Katirci
Inflation and late time acceleration designed by Stueckelberg massive photon
Invited review; matches the version to appear in Foundations of Physics; 25 pages, 1 figure
Found. Phys. 47 (2017) 769-796
10.1007/s10701-016-0059-y
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a mini review of the Stueckelberg mechanism, which was proposed to make the abelian gauge theories massive as an alternative to Higgs mechanism, within the framework of Minkowski as well as curved spacetimes. The higher the scale the tighter the bounds on the photon mass, which might be gained via the Stueckelberg mechanism, may be signalling that even an extremely small mass of the photon which cannot be measured directly could have far reaching effects in cosmology. We present a cosmological model where Stueckelberg fields, which consist of both scalar and vector fields, are non-minimally coupled to gravity and the universe could go through a decelerating expansion phase sandwiched by two different accelerated expansion phases. We discuss also the possible anisotropic extensions of the model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Nov 2016 20:06:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 12 Jan 2017 14:07:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-09-28
[ [ "Akarsu", "Ozgur", "" ], [ "Arik", "Metin", "" ], [ "Katirci", "Nihan", "" ] ]
We present a mini review of the Stueckelberg mechanism, which was proposed to make the abelian gauge theories massive as an alternative to Higgs mechanism, within the framework of Minkowski as well as curved spacetimes. The higher the scale the tighter the bounds on the photon mass, which might be gained via the Stueckelberg mechanism, may be signalling that even an extremely small mass of the photon which cannot be measured directly could have far reaching effects in cosmology. We present a cosmological model where Stueckelberg fields, which consist of both scalar and vector fields, are non-minimally coupled to gravity and the universe could go through a decelerating expansion phase sandwiched by two different accelerated expansion phases. We discuss also the possible anisotropic extensions of the model.
1501.03806
Emil Mottola
Pawel O. Mazur and Emil Mottola
Surface Tension and Negative Pressure Interior of a Non-Singular `Black Hole'
45 pages, 10 figures, Dedicated to Professor Andrzej Staruszkiewicz on the occasion of his 75th birthday
null
10.1088/0264-9381/32/21/215024
LA-UR-15-20030
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The constant density interior Schwarzschild solution for a static, spherically symmetric collapsed star has a divergent pressure when its radius $R\le\frac{9}{8}R_s=\frac{9}{4}GM$. We show that this divergence is integrable, and induces a non-isotropic transverse stress with a finite redshifted surface tension on a spherical surface of radius $R_0=3R\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{9}\frac{R}{R_s}}$. For $r < R_0$ the interior Schwarzschild solution exhibits negative pressure. When $R=R_s$, the surface is localized at the Schwarzschild radius itself, $R_0=R_s$, and the solution has constant negative pressure $p =-\bar\rho$ everywhere in the interior $r<R_s$, thereby describing a gravitational condensate star, a fully collapsed non-singular state already inherent in and predicted by classical General Relativity. The redshifted surface tension of the condensate star surface is given by $\tau_s=\Delta\kappa/8\pi G$, where $\Delta\kappa=\kappa_+-\kappa_-=2\kappa_+=1/R_s$ is the difference of equal and opposite surface gravities between the exterior and interior Schwarzschild solutions. The First Law, $dM=dE_v+\tau_s dA$ is recognized as a purely mechanical classical relation at zero temperature and zero entropy, describing the volume energy and surface energy change respectively. Since there is no event horizon, the Schwarzschild time t of such a non-singular gravitational condensate star is a global time, fully consistent with unitary time evolution in quantum theory. The $p=-\bar\rho$ interior acts as a defocusing lens for light passing through the condensate, leading to imaging characteristics distinguishable from a classical black hole. A further observational test of gravitational condensate stars with a physical surface vs. black holes is the discrete surface modes of oscillation which should be detectable by their gravitational wave signatures.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Jan 2015 20:47:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-10-21
[ [ "Mazur", "Pawel O.", "" ], [ "Mottola", "Emil", "" ] ]
The constant density interior Schwarzschild solution for a static, spherically symmetric collapsed star has a divergent pressure when its radius $R\le\frac{9}{8}R_s=\frac{9}{4}GM$. We show that this divergence is integrable, and induces a non-isotropic transverse stress with a finite redshifted surface tension on a spherical surface of radius $R_0=3R\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{9}\frac{R}{R_s}}$. For $r < R_0$ the interior Schwarzschild solution exhibits negative pressure. When $R=R_s$, the surface is localized at the Schwarzschild radius itself, $R_0=R_s$, and the solution has constant negative pressure $p =-\bar\rho$ everywhere in the interior $r<R_s$, thereby describing a gravitational condensate star, a fully collapsed non-singular state already inherent in and predicted by classical General Relativity. The redshifted surface tension of the condensate star surface is given by $\tau_s=\Delta\kappa/8\pi G$, where $\Delta\kappa=\kappa_+-\kappa_-=2\kappa_+=1/R_s$ is the difference of equal and opposite surface gravities between the exterior and interior Schwarzschild solutions. The First Law, $dM=dE_v+\tau_s dA$ is recognized as a purely mechanical classical relation at zero temperature and zero entropy, describing the volume energy and surface energy change respectively. Since there is no event horizon, the Schwarzschild time t of such a non-singular gravitational condensate star is a global time, fully consistent with unitary time evolution in quantum theory. The $p=-\bar\rho$ interior acts as a defocusing lens for light passing through the condensate, leading to imaging characteristics distinguishable from a classical black hole. A further observational test of gravitational condensate stars with a physical surface vs. black holes is the discrete surface modes of oscillation which should be detectable by their gravitational wave signatures.
2105.07813
Sarmistha Banik
K Nobleson, Tuhin Malik and Sarmistha Banik
Tidal deformability of neutron stars with exotic particles within a density dependent relativistic mean field model in R-squared gravity
4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1803.09534 by other authors
JCAP08(2021)012
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/08/012
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
There is a growing interest in investigating modified theories of gravity, primarily, with the aim of explaining the universe's accelerated expansion, which has been confirmed by several independent observations. Compact objects, like neutron stars, exhibit strong gravity effects and therefore are used to study modified gravity theories. We use the $f(R)=R+aR^2$ model, where R is the Ricci scalar and $a$ is a free parameter. This model has been studied both perturbatively and non-perturbatively. However, it was found that perturbative methods results in nonphysical solutions for the neutron stars. In this paper, we examine neutron star properties, such as mass, radius, tidal deformability in non-perturbative $f(R)$ gravity model with density dependant relativistic equation of state with different particle compositions. The strange particles in the core of NS in the form of ${\bf \Lambda}$ hyperons, $K^-$ condensate, and quarks are considered. We have observed that while the mass-radius relation allows for a wide range of parameter $a$, when tidal deformability is considered, the parameter $a$ is constrained down by one order.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 May 2021 21:06:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 May 2021 08:04:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Jul 2021 16:23:12 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-08-16
[ [ "Nobleson", "K", "" ], [ "Malik", "Tuhin", "" ], [ "Banik", "Sarmistha", "" ] ]
There is a growing interest in investigating modified theories of gravity, primarily, with the aim of explaining the universe's accelerated expansion, which has been confirmed by several independent observations. Compact objects, like neutron stars, exhibit strong gravity effects and therefore are used to study modified gravity theories. We use the $f(R)=R+aR^2$ model, where R is the Ricci scalar and $a$ is a free parameter. This model has been studied both perturbatively and non-perturbatively. However, it was found that perturbative methods results in nonphysical solutions for the neutron stars. In this paper, we examine neutron star properties, such as mass, radius, tidal deformability in non-perturbative $f(R)$ gravity model with density dependant relativistic equation of state with different particle compositions. The strange particles in the core of NS in the form of ${\bf \Lambda}$ hyperons, $K^-$ condensate, and quarks are considered. We have observed that while the mass-radius relation allows for a wide range of parameter $a$, when tidal deformability is considered, the parameter $a$ is constrained down by one order.
gr-qc/0406056
C. S. Unnikrishnan
C. S. Unnikrishnan (Tata Institute, Mumbai)
Casimir Energy Density at Planck Time: Cosmic Coincidence or Double Solution to the Cosmological Dark Energy Problem?
LaTex, 12 pt. 5 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The Casimir energy density calculated for a spherical shell of radius equal to the size of the Universe projected back to the Planck time is almost equal to the present day critical density. Is it just a coincidence, or is it a solution to the `cosmic dark energy' and the `cosmic coincidence' problems? The correspondence is too close to be ignored as a coincidence, especially since this solution fits the conceptual and numerical ideas about the dark energy, and also answers why this energy is starting to dominate at the present era in the evolution of the Universe.
[ { "created": "Sun, 13 Jun 2004 17:48:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Unnikrishnan", "C. S.", "", "Tata Institute, Mumbai" ] ]
The Casimir energy density calculated for a spherical shell of radius equal to the size of the Universe projected back to the Planck time is almost equal to the present day critical density. Is it just a coincidence, or is it a solution to the `cosmic dark energy' and the `cosmic coincidence' problems? The correspondence is too close to be ignored as a coincidence, especially since this solution fits the conceptual and numerical ideas about the dark energy, and also answers why this energy is starting to dominate at the present era in the evolution of the Universe.
2212.00675
Quentin Vigneron
Quentin Vigneron, Vivian Poulin
Is expansion blind to the spatial curvature?
22+4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In [arXiv:2204.13980], we proposed and motivated a modification of the Einstein equation as a function of the topology of the Universe in the form of a bi-connection theory. The new equation features an additional "topological term" related to a second non-dynamical reference connection and chosen as a function of the spacetime topology. In the present paper, we analyse the consequences for cosmology of this modification. First, we show that expansion becomes blind to the spatial curvature in this new theory, i.e. the expansion laws do not feature the spatial curvature parameter anymore (i.e. $\Omega_{\not= K} = 1, \ \forall \, \Omega_K$), while this curvature is still present in the evaluation of distances. Second, we derive the first order perturbations of this homogeneous solution. Two additional gauge invariant variables coming from the reference connection are present compared with general relativity: a scalar and a vector mode, both sourced by the shear of the cosmic fluid. Finally, we confront this model with observations. The differences with the $\Lambda$CDM model are negligible, in particular, the Hubble and curvature tensions are still present. Nevertheless, since the main difference between the two models is the influence of the background spatial curvature on the dynamics, an increased precision on the measure of that parameter might allow us to observationally distinguish them.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Dec 2022 17:30:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Sep 2023 19:22:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 31 Oct 2023 14:55:20 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-11-01
[ [ "Vigneron", "Quentin", "" ], [ "Poulin", "Vivian", "" ] ]
In [arXiv:2204.13980], we proposed and motivated a modification of the Einstein equation as a function of the topology of the Universe in the form of a bi-connection theory. The new equation features an additional "topological term" related to a second non-dynamical reference connection and chosen as a function of the spacetime topology. In the present paper, we analyse the consequences for cosmology of this modification. First, we show that expansion becomes blind to the spatial curvature in this new theory, i.e. the expansion laws do not feature the spatial curvature parameter anymore (i.e. $\Omega_{\not= K} = 1, \ \forall \, \Omega_K$), while this curvature is still present in the evaluation of distances. Second, we derive the first order perturbations of this homogeneous solution. Two additional gauge invariant variables coming from the reference connection are present compared with general relativity: a scalar and a vector mode, both sourced by the shear of the cosmic fluid. Finally, we confront this model with observations. The differences with the $\Lambda$CDM model are negligible, in particular, the Hubble and curvature tensions are still present. Nevertheless, since the main difference between the two models is the influence of the background spatial curvature on the dynamics, an increased precision on the measure of that parameter might allow us to observationally distinguish them.
1104.4062
Jorge A. Rueda
Jorge A. Rueda, R. Ruffini, S.-S. Xue
The Klein first integrals in an equilibrium system with electromagnetic, weak, strong and gravitational interactions
To be published by Nuclear Physics A
Nuclear Physics A, Volume 872, Issue 1, 286-295 (2011)
10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2011.09.005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.SR nucl-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The isothermal Tolman condition and the constancy of the Klein potentials originally expressed for the sole gravitational interaction in a single fluid are here generalized to the case of a three quantum fermion fluid duly taking into account the strong, electromagnetic, weak and gravitational interactions. The set of constitutive equations including the Einstein-Maxwell-Thomas-Fermi equations as well as the ones corresponding to the strong interaction description are here presented in the most general relativistic isothermal case. This treatment represents an essential step to correctly formulate a self-consistent relativistic field theoretical approach of neutron stars.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Apr 2011 15:45:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 May 2011 16:50:20 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:32:16 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Aug 2011 17:58:06 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 13 Sep 2011 13:37:30 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2012-06-01
[ [ "Rueda", "Jorge A.", "" ], [ "Ruffini", "R.", "" ], [ "Xue", "S. -S.", "" ] ]
The isothermal Tolman condition and the constancy of the Klein potentials originally expressed for the sole gravitational interaction in a single fluid are here generalized to the case of a three quantum fermion fluid duly taking into account the strong, electromagnetic, weak and gravitational interactions. The set of constitutive equations including the Einstein-Maxwell-Thomas-Fermi equations as well as the ones corresponding to the strong interaction description are here presented in the most general relativistic isothermal case. This treatment represents an essential step to correctly formulate a self-consistent relativistic field theoretical approach of neutron stars.
2210.04425
Vladimir Folomeev
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir Folomeev, Burkhard Kleihaus, and Jutta Kunz
Mixed neutron-star-plus-wormhole systems: Rotating configurations
10 pages, 1 figure, minor corrections to content, version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 107, 044060 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.044060
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present rapidly rotating neutron stars featuring wormholes in their centers. They arise in general relativity in the presence of a ghost scalar field. The nuclear matter is described by a polytropic equation of state, yielding realistic masses and radii for the neutron stars. The wormholes possess small circumferential radii of size up to 3 km. With increasing wormhole size, the masses and radii of the stars decrease, while the domain of existence of these rotating mixed neutron-star-plus-wormhole systems retains the characteristic properties of a rotating neutron star domain. The question of stability of the mixed configurations under consideration is briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Oct 2022 04:02:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 25 Feb 2023 10:43:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-02-28
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Folomeev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Kleihaus", "Burkhard", "" ], [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ] ]
We present rapidly rotating neutron stars featuring wormholes in their centers. They arise in general relativity in the presence of a ghost scalar field. The nuclear matter is described by a polytropic equation of state, yielding realistic masses and radii for the neutron stars. The wormholes possess small circumferential radii of size up to 3 km. With increasing wormhole size, the masses and radii of the stars decrease, while the domain of existence of these rotating mixed neutron-star-plus-wormhole systems retains the characteristic properties of a rotating neutron star domain. The question of stability of the mixed configurations under consideration is briefly discussed.
gr-qc/9904041
Wai-Mo Suen
Mark Miller, Wai-Mo Suen and Malcolm Tobias
The Shapiro Conjecture: Prompt or Delayed Collapse in the head-on collision of neutron stars?
4 pages, 7 figures
Phys.Rev.D63:121501,2001
10.1103/PhysRevD.63.121501
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We study the question of prompt vs. delayed collapse in the head-on collision of two neutron stars. We show that the prompt formation of a black hole is possible, contrary to a conjecture of Shapiro which claims that collapse is delayed until after neutrino cooling. We discuss the insight provided by Shapiro's conjecture and its limitation. An understanding of the limitation of the conjecture is provided in terms of the many time scales involved in the problem. General relativistic simulations in the Einstein theory with the full set of Einstein equations coupled to the general relativistic hydrodynamic equations are carried out in our study.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Apr 1999 22:43:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-12-31
[ [ "Miller", "Mark", "" ], [ "Suen", "Wai-Mo", "" ], [ "Tobias", "Malcolm", "" ] ]
We study the question of prompt vs. delayed collapse in the head-on collision of two neutron stars. We show that the prompt formation of a black hole is possible, contrary to a conjecture of Shapiro which claims that collapse is delayed until after neutrino cooling. We discuss the insight provided by Shapiro's conjecture and its limitation. An understanding of the limitation of the conjecture is provided in terms of the many time scales involved in the problem. General relativistic simulations in the Einstein theory with the full set of Einstein equations coupled to the general relativistic hydrodynamic equations are carried out in our study.
1601.03106
J\"org Hennig
J\"org Hennig
New Gowdy-symmetric vacuum and electrovacuum solutions
25 pages, 2 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 33, 135005 (2016)
10.1088/0264-9381/33/13/135005
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct a 4-parameter family of inhomogeneous cosmological models, which contains two recently derived 3-parameter families as special cases. The corresponding exact vacuum solution to Einstein's field equations is obtained with methods from soliton theory. We also study properties of these models and find that they combine all interesting features of both earlier solution families: general regularity within the maximal globally hyperbolic region, particular singular cases in which a curvature singularity with a directional behaviour forms, a highly non-trivial causal structure, and Cauchy horizons whose null generators can have both closed or non-closed orbits. In the second part of the paper, we discuss the generalization from vacuum to electrovacuum. Moreover, we also present a family of exact solutions for that case and study its properties.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Jan 2016 00:49:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Jun 2016 00:54:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-06-03
[ [ "Hennig", "Jörg", "" ] ]
We construct a 4-parameter family of inhomogeneous cosmological models, which contains two recently derived 3-parameter families as special cases. The corresponding exact vacuum solution to Einstein's field equations is obtained with methods from soliton theory. We also study properties of these models and find that they combine all interesting features of both earlier solution families: general regularity within the maximal globally hyperbolic region, particular singular cases in which a curvature singularity with a directional behaviour forms, a highly non-trivial causal structure, and Cauchy horizons whose null generators can have both closed or non-closed orbits. In the second part of the paper, we discuss the generalization from vacuum to electrovacuum. Moreover, we also present a family of exact solutions for that case and study its properties.
0806.0241
Tomilchik Lev
L. M. Tomilchik
Hubble law, Accelerating Universe and Pioneer Anomaly as effects of the space-time conformal geometry
Reported on International Seminar "Modern Problems of the Particle Physics" dedicated to Prof. I. L. Solovtsov momory, 17 January 2008, JINR, Dubna, Russia
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The description of the cosmological expansion and its possible local manifestations via treating the proper conformal transformations as a coordinate transformation from a comoving Lorentz reference frame to an uniformly accelerated one is given. The explicit form of the conformal time inhomogeneity is established. The expression defining the location cosmological distance in the form of simple function on the red shift is obtained. By coupling it with the relativistic formula for the longitudinal Doppler effect, the explicit expression for the Hubble law is obtained, which gives rise to the connection between acceleration and the Hubble constant. The expression generalizing the conventional Hubble law reproduces kinematically the experimentally observed phenomenon treated conventionally as a Dark Energy manifestation. The conformal time deformation in the small time limit leads to the quadratic time nonlinearity. Being applied to describe the location-type experiments, this predicts the existence of the universal uniformly changing blue-shifted frequency drift. The obtained formulae reproduce the Pioneer Anomaly experimental data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Jun 2008 09:59:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-06-03
[ [ "Tomilchik", "L. M.", "" ] ]
The description of the cosmological expansion and its possible local manifestations via treating the proper conformal transformations as a coordinate transformation from a comoving Lorentz reference frame to an uniformly accelerated one is given. The explicit form of the conformal time inhomogeneity is established. The expression defining the location cosmological distance in the form of simple function on the red shift is obtained. By coupling it with the relativistic formula for the longitudinal Doppler effect, the explicit expression for the Hubble law is obtained, which gives rise to the connection between acceleration and the Hubble constant. The expression generalizing the conventional Hubble law reproduces kinematically the experimentally observed phenomenon treated conventionally as a Dark Energy manifestation. The conformal time deformation in the small time limit leads to the quadratic time nonlinearity. Being applied to describe the location-type experiments, this predicts the existence of the universal uniformly changing blue-shifted frequency drift. The obtained formulae reproduce the Pioneer Anomaly experimental data.
1212.2689
Carlos A. Batista da S. Filho
Carlos Batista and Bruno Carneiro da Cunha
Spinors and the Weyl Tensor Classification in Six Dimensions
23 pages; This version matches the published one
J. Math. Phys. 54 (2013), 052502
10.1063/1.4804991
null
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
A spinorial approach to 6-dimensional differential geometry is constructed and used to analyze tensor fields of low rank, with special attention to the Weyl tensor. We perform a study similar to the 4-dimensional case, making full use of the SO(6) symmetry to uncover results not easily seen in the tensorial approach. Using spinors, we propose a classification of the Weyl tensor by reinterpreting it as a map from 3-vectors to 3-vectors. This classification is shown to be intimately related to the integrability of maximally isotropic subspaces, establishing a natural framework to generalize the Goldberg-Sachs theorem. We work in complexified spaces, showing that the results for any signature can be obtained by taking the desired real slice.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Dec 2012 02:12:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 Jun 2013 19:27:14 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-06-06
[ [ "Batista", "Carlos", "" ], [ "da Cunha", "Bruno Carneiro", "" ] ]
A spinorial approach to 6-dimensional differential geometry is constructed and used to analyze tensor fields of low rank, with special attention to the Weyl tensor. We perform a study similar to the 4-dimensional case, making full use of the SO(6) symmetry to uncover results not easily seen in the tensorial approach. Using spinors, we propose a classification of the Weyl tensor by reinterpreting it as a map from 3-vectors to 3-vectors. This classification is shown to be intimately related to the integrability of maximally isotropic subspaces, establishing a natural framework to generalize the Goldberg-Sachs theorem. We work in complexified spaces, showing that the results for any signature can be obtained by taking the desired real slice.
2304.07383
Alexander Simpson
Alex Simpson
Excising Curvature Singularities from General Relativity
PhD Thesis; 276 pages; 42 figures; 429 references. v1
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This thesis operates within the framework of general relativity without curvature singularities. The motivation for this framework is explored, and several conclusions are drawn with a look towards future research. There are many ways to excise curvature singularities from general relativity; a full list of desirable constraints on candidate geometries is presented. Several specific candidate spacetimes in both spherical symmetry and axisymmetry are rigorously analysed, typically modelling (charged or uncharged) regular black holes or traversable wormholes. Broadly, these are members of the family of black-bounce spacetimes, and the family of black holes with asymptotically Minkowski cores. Related thin-shell traversable wormhole constructions are also explored, as well as a brief look at the viability of thin-shell Dyson mega-spheres. The eye of the storm geometry is analysed, and discovered to be very close to an idealised candidate geometry within this framework. It is found to contain highly desirable features, and is not precluded by currently available measurements. For all spacetimes discussed, particular focus is placed on the extraction of (potential) astrophysical observables in principle falsifiable/verifiable by the observational and experimental communities. A cogent effort is made to streamline the discourse between theory and experiment, and to begin filling the epistemological gap, which will enable the various communities involved to optimise the advancement of physics via the newly available observational technologies (such as LIGO/Virgo, and the upcoming LISA). Furthermore, three somewhat general theorems are presented, and two new geometries are introduced for the first time to the literature.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Apr 2023 20:32:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-18
[ [ "Simpson", "Alex", "" ] ]
This thesis operates within the framework of general relativity without curvature singularities. The motivation for this framework is explored, and several conclusions are drawn with a look towards future research. There are many ways to excise curvature singularities from general relativity; a full list of desirable constraints on candidate geometries is presented. Several specific candidate spacetimes in both spherical symmetry and axisymmetry are rigorously analysed, typically modelling (charged or uncharged) regular black holes or traversable wormholes. Broadly, these are members of the family of black-bounce spacetimes, and the family of black holes with asymptotically Minkowski cores. Related thin-shell traversable wormhole constructions are also explored, as well as a brief look at the viability of thin-shell Dyson mega-spheres. The eye of the storm geometry is analysed, and discovered to be very close to an idealised candidate geometry within this framework. It is found to contain highly desirable features, and is not precluded by currently available measurements. For all spacetimes discussed, particular focus is placed on the extraction of (potential) astrophysical observables in principle falsifiable/verifiable by the observational and experimental communities. A cogent effort is made to streamline the discourse between theory and experiment, and to begin filling the epistemological gap, which will enable the various communities involved to optimise the advancement of physics via the newly available observational technologies (such as LIGO/Virgo, and the upcoming LISA). Furthermore, three somewhat general theorems are presented, and two new geometries are introduced for the first time to the literature.