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1404.2747
Donato Bini
Donato Bini and Thibault Damour
Two-body gravitational spin-orbit interaction at linear order in the mass ratio
22 pages, 3 figures, revtex macros
Phys. Rev. D 90, 024039 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.024039
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analytically compute, to linear order in the mass-ratio, the "geodetic" spin precession frequency of a small spinning body orbiting a large (non-spinning) body to the eight-and-a-half post-Newtonian order, thereby extending previous analytical knowledge which was limited to the third post-Newtonian level. These results are obtained applying analytical gravitational self-force theory to the first-derivative level generalization of Detweiler's gauge-invariant redshift variable. We compare our analytic results with strong-field numerical data recently obtained by S.~R.~Dolan et al. [Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 89}, 064011 (2014)]. Our new, high-post-Newtonian-order results capture the strong-field features exhibited by the numerical data. We argue that the spin-precession will diverge as $\approx -0.14/(1-3y)$ as the light-ring is approached. We transcribe our kinematical spin-precession results into a corresponding improved analytic knowledge of one of the two (gauge-invariant) effective gyro-gravitomagnetic ratios characterizing spin-orbit couplings within the effective-one-body formalism. We provide simple, accurate analytic fits both for spin-precession and the effective gyro-gravitomagnetic ratio. The latter fit predicts that the linear-in-mass-ratio correction to the gyro-gravitomagnetic ratio changes sign before reaching the light-ring. This strong-field prediction might be important for improving the analytic modeling of coalescing spinning binaries.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Apr 2014 09:23:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-07-23
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ] ]
We analytically compute, to linear order in the mass-ratio, the "geodetic" spin precession frequency of a small spinning body orbiting a large (non-spinning) body to the eight-and-a-half post-Newtonian order, thereby extending previous analytical knowledge which was limited to the third post-Newtonian level. These results are obtained applying analytical gravitational self-force theory to the first-derivative level generalization of Detweiler's gauge-invariant redshift variable. We compare our analytic results with strong-field numerical data recently obtained by S.~R.~Dolan et al. [Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 89}, 064011 (2014)]. Our new, high-post-Newtonian-order results capture the strong-field features exhibited by the numerical data. We argue that the spin-precession will diverge as $\approx -0.14/(1-3y)$ as the light-ring is approached. We transcribe our kinematical spin-precession results into a corresponding improved analytic knowledge of one of the two (gauge-invariant) effective gyro-gravitomagnetic ratios characterizing spin-orbit couplings within the effective-one-body formalism. We provide simple, accurate analytic fits both for spin-precession and the effective gyro-gravitomagnetic ratio. The latter fit predicts that the linear-in-mass-ratio correction to the gyro-gravitomagnetic ratio changes sign before reaching the light-ring. This strong-field prediction might be important for improving the analytic modeling of coalescing spinning binaries.
2109.03700
Christopher Kohler
Christopher Kohler
Gravity with a Dynamical Spinning Aether
15 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Einstein-aether theory is extended by allowing for spinning degrees of freedom of the aether. In addition to the acceleration, shear, expansion, and vorticity of the aether velocity field, a spin rotation describing the dynamics of a classical intrinsic angular momentum of the aether is introduced as a kinematic quantity. The action of Einstein-aether theory is augmented by a term quadratic in the spin rotation and by coupling terms with the vorticity and the acceleration. Besides breaking the Lorentz boost invariance, the theory breaks the invariance under spatial rotations in the direction of the aether velocity. In the weak field limit, there is a linear relationship between the spin rotation, the vorticity, and the acceleration. Linearized wave solutions correspond to the ones of Einstein-aether theory where the speeds of the spin 0 and spin 1 mode are modified. The extension of Einstein-aether theory has a natural formulation in the framework of a teleparallel geometry where the kinematic quantities become torsion fields.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Sep 2021 15:05:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-09-09
[ [ "Kohler", "Christopher", "" ] ]
Einstein-aether theory is extended by allowing for spinning degrees of freedom of the aether. In addition to the acceleration, shear, expansion, and vorticity of the aether velocity field, a spin rotation describing the dynamics of a classical intrinsic angular momentum of the aether is introduced as a kinematic quantity. The action of Einstein-aether theory is augmented by a term quadratic in the spin rotation and by coupling terms with the vorticity and the acceleration. Besides breaking the Lorentz boost invariance, the theory breaks the invariance under spatial rotations in the direction of the aether velocity. In the weak field limit, there is a linear relationship between the spin rotation, the vorticity, and the acceleration. Linearized wave solutions correspond to the ones of Einstein-aether theory where the speeds of the spin 0 and spin 1 mode are modified. The extension of Einstein-aether theory has a natural formulation in the framework of a teleparallel geometry where the kinematic quantities become torsion fields.
2404.14756
Jin Young Kim
Jin Young Kim
Deflection of light by a compact object with electric charge and magnetic dipole in Einstein-Born-Infeld gravity
11 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider the bending of light around a compact astrophysical object with both the electric field and the magnetic field in Einstein-Born-Infeld theory. From the null geodesic of a light ray passing a massive object with electric charge and magnetic dipole, the effective metric was obtained from the light cone condition reflecting the nonlinear electromagnetic effects. We found the asymptotic form of the effective metric up to the first order in gravitational constant $G$ and Born-Infeld parameter $1/\beta^2$ on the equatorial plane. Then we compute the bending angle of light from the geodesic equation. The result includes particular cases where only one type of field is present taking the appropriate limits.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Apr 2024 05:43:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-04-24
[ [ "Kim", "Jin Young", "" ] ]
We consider the bending of light around a compact astrophysical object with both the electric field and the magnetic field in Einstein-Born-Infeld theory. From the null geodesic of a light ray passing a massive object with electric charge and magnetic dipole, the effective metric was obtained from the light cone condition reflecting the nonlinear electromagnetic effects. We found the asymptotic form of the effective metric up to the first order in gravitational constant $G$ and Born-Infeld parameter $1/\beta^2$ on the equatorial plane. Then we compute the bending angle of light from the geodesic equation. The result includes particular cases where only one type of field is present taking the appropriate limits.
1703.09738
Tolga Birkandan
Tolga Birkandan, Ceren G\"uzelg\"un, Elif \c{S}irin, Mustafa Can Uslu
Symbolic and Numerical Analysis in General Relativity with Open Source Computer Algebra Systems
21 pages, 4 figures. Updated to match the published version
Gen Relativ Gravit (2019) 51: 4
10.1007/s10714-018-2486-x
null
gr-qc hep-th physics.comp-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study three computer algebra systems, namely SageMath (with SageManifolds package), Maxima (with ctensor package) and Python language (with GraviPy module), which allow tensor manipulation for general relativity calculations along with general algebraic calculations. We present a benchmark of these systems using simple examples. After the general analysis, we focus on the SageMath and SageManifolds system to derive, analyze and visualize the solutions of the massless Klein-Gordon equation and geodesic motion with Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. We compare our numerical result of the Klein-Gordon equation with the asymptotic form of the analytical solution to see that they agree.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Mar 2017 18:33:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 2 Oct 2018 10:20:56 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Dec 2018 08:44:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-12-19
[ [ "Birkandan", "Tolga", "" ], [ "Güzelgün", "Ceren", "" ], [ "Şirin", "Elif", "" ], [ "Uslu", "Mustafa Can", "" ] ]
We study three computer algebra systems, namely SageMath (with SageManifolds package), Maxima (with ctensor package) and Python language (with GraviPy module), which allow tensor manipulation for general relativity calculations along with general algebraic calculations. We present a benchmark of these systems using simple examples. After the general analysis, we focus on the SageMath and SageManifolds system to derive, analyze and visualize the solutions of the massless Klein-Gordon equation and geodesic motion with Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. We compare our numerical result of the Klein-Gordon equation with the asymptotic form of the analytical solution to see that they agree.
0808.0713
Yosef Zlochower
Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano, Yosef Zlochower
Comparison of Numerical and Post-Newtonian Waveforms for Generic Precessing Black-Hole Binaries
New figures, enhanced analysis, revisions throughout the paper
Phys.Rev.D79:084010,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.79.084010
null
gr-qc astro-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compare waveforms and orbital dynamics from the first long-term, fully non-linear, numerical simulations of a generic black-hole binary configuration with post-Newtonian predictions. The binary has mass ratio q~0.8 with arbitrarily oriented spins of magnitude S_1/m_1^2~0.6 and S_2/m_2^2~0.4 and orbits 9 times prior to merger. The numerical simulation starts with an initial separation of r~11M, with orbital parameters determined by initial 2.5PN and 3.5PN post-Newtonian evolutions of a quasi-circular binary with an initial separation of r=50M. The resulting binaries have very little eccentricity according to the 2.5PN and 3.5PN systems, but show significant eccentricities of e~0.01-0.02 and e~0.002-0.005 in the respective numerical simulations, thus demonstrating that 3.5PN significantly reduces the eccentricity of the binary compared to 2.5PN. We perform three numerical evolutions from r~11M with maximum resolutions of h=M/48,M/53.3,M/59.3, to verify numerical convergence. We observe a reasonably good agreement between the PN and numerical waveforms, with an overlap of nearly 99% for the first six cycles of the (l=2,m=+-2) modes, 91% for the (l=2,m=+-1) modes, and nearly 91% for the (l=3,m=+-3) modes. The phase differences between numerical and post-Newtonian approximations appear to be independent of the (l,m) modes considered and relatively small for the first 3-4 orbits. An advantage of the 3.5 PN model over the 2.5 PN one seems to be observed, which indicates that still higher PN order (perhaps even 4.0PN) may yield significantly better waveforms. In addition, we identify features in the waveforms likely related to precession and precession-induced eccentricity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Aug 2008 20:01:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Aug 2008 01:34:18 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Jan 2009 19:59:14 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-13
[ [ "Campanelli", "Manuela", "" ], [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ], [ "Nakano", "Hiroyuki", "" ], [ "Zlochower", "Yosef", "" ] ]
We compare waveforms and orbital dynamics from the first long-term, fully non-linear, numerical simulations of a generic black-hole binary configuration with post-Newtonian predictions. The binary has mass ratio q~0.8 with arbitrarily oriented spins of magnitude S_1/m_1^2~0.6 and S_2/m_2^2~0.4 and orbits 9 times prior to merger. The numerical simulation starts with an initial separation of r~11M, with orbital parameters determined by initial 2.5PN and 3.5PN post-Newtonian evolutions of a quasi-circular binary with an initial separation of r=50M. The resulting binaries have very little eccentricity according to the 2.5PN and 3.5PN systems, but show significant eccentricities of e~0.01-0.02 and e~0.002-0.005 in the respective numerical simulations, thus demonstrating that 3.5PN significantly reduces the eccentricity of the binary compared to 2.5PN. We perform three numerical evolutions from r~11M with maximum resolutions of h=M/48,M/53.3,M/59.3, to verify numerical convergence. We observe a reasonably good agreement between the PN and numerical waveforms, with an overlap of nearly 99% for the first six cycles of the (l=2,m=+-2) modes, 91% for the (l=2,m=+-1) modes, and nearly 91% for the (l=3,m=+-3) modes. The phase differences between numerical and post-Newtonian approximations appear to be independent of the (l,m) modes considered and relatively small for the first 3-4 orbits. An advantage of the 3.5 PN model over the 2.5 PN one seems to be observed, which indicates that still higher PN order (perhaps even 4.0PN) may yield significantly better waveforms. In addition, we identify features in the waveforms likely related to precession and precession-induced eccentricity.
0909.0066
Peter Zimmerman
Duncan A. Brown and Peter J. Zimmerman
The Effect of Eccentricity on Searches for Gravitational-Waves from Coalescing Compact Binaries in Ground-based Detectors
10 pages, 9 figures, as published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D81:024007,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.024007
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Inspiralling compact binaries are expected to circularize before their gravitational-wave signals reach the sensitive frequency band of ground-based detectors. Current searches for gravitational waves from compact binaries using the LIGO and Virgo detectors therefore use circular templates to construct matched filters. Binary formation models have been proposed which suggest that some systems detectable by the LIGO--Virgo network may have non-negligible eccentricity. We investigate the ability of the restricted 3.5 post-Newtonian order TaylorF2 template bank, used by LIGO and Virgo to search for gravitational waves from compact binaries with masses $M \le 35 M_\odot$, to detect binaries with non-zero eccentricity. We model the gravitational waves from eccentric binaries using the $x$-model post-Newtonian formalism proposed by Hinder \emph{et. al.} [I. Hinder, F. Hermann, P. Laguna, and D. Shoemaker, arXiv:0806.1037v1]. We find that small residual eccentricities ($e_0 \lesssim 0.05$ at 40 Hz) do not significantly affect the ability of current LIGO searches to detect gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries with total mass $2 M_\odot < M < 15 M_\odot$. For eccentricities $e_0 \gtrsim 0.1$, the loss in matched filter signal-to-noise ratio due to eccentricity can be significant and so templates which include eccentric effects will be required to perform optimal searches for such systems.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Sep 2009 02:01:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Feb 2010 15:14:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Brown", "Duncan A.", "" ], [ "Zimmerman", "Peter J.", "" ] ]
Inspiralling compact binaries are expected to circularize before their gravitational-wave signals reach the sensitive frequency band of ground-based detectors. Current searches for gravitational waves from compact binaries using the LIGO and Virgo detectors therefore use circular templates to construct matched filters. Binary formation models have been proposed which suggest that some systems detectable by the LIGO--Virgo network may have non-negligible eccentricity. We investigate the ability of the restricted 3.5 post-Newtonian order TaylorF2 template bank, used by LIGO and Virgo to search for gravitational waves from compact binaries with masses $M \le 35 M_\odot$, to detect binaries with non-zero eccentricity. We model the gravitational waves from eccentric binaries using the $x$-model post-Newtonian formalism proposed by Hinder \emph{et. al.} [I. Hinder, F. Hermann, P. Laguna, and D. Shoemaker, arXiv:0806.1037v1]. We find that small residual eccentricities ($e_0 \lesssim 0.05$ at 40 Hz) do not significantly affect the ability of current LIGO searches to detect gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries with total mass $2 M_\odot < M < 15 M_\odot$. For eccentricities $e_0 \gtrsim 0.1$, the loss in matched filter signal-to-noise ratio due to eccentricity can be significant and so templates which include eccentric effects will be required to perform optimal searches for such systems.
2010.09481
Martin Kolo\v{s}
Martin Kolo\v{s}, Arman Tursunov, Zden\v{e}k Stuchl\'ik
Radiative Penrose process: Energy Gain by a Single Radiating Charged Particle in the Ergosphere of Rotating Black Hole
5 pages, 1 figure, submitted
Phys. Rev. D 103, 024021 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.024021
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We demonstrate an extraordinary effect of energy gain by a single radiating charged particle inside the ergosphere of a Kerr black hole in presence of magnetic field. We solve numerically the covariant form of the Lorentz-Dirac equation reduced from the DeWitt-Brehme equation and analyze energy evolution of the radiating charged particle inside the ergosphere, where the energy of emitted radiation can be negative with respect to a distant observer in dependence on the relative orientation of the magnetic field, black hole spin and the direction of the charged particle motion. Consequently, the charged particle can leave the ergosphere with energy greater than initial in expense of black hole's rotational energy. In contrast to the original Penrose process and its various modification, the new process does not require the interactions (collisions or decay) with other particles and consequent restrictions on the relative velocities between fragments. We show that such a Radiative Penrose effect is potentially observable and discuss its possible relevance in formation of relativistic jets and in similar high-energy astrophysical settings.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Oct 2020 13:22:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-01-20
[ [ "Kološ", "Martin", "" ], [ "Tursunov", "Arman", "" ], [ "Stuchlík", "Zdeněk", "" ] ]
We demonstrate an extraordinary effect of energy gain by a single radiating charged particle inside the ergosphere of a Kerr black hole in presence of magnetic field. We solve numerically the covariant form of the Lorentz-Dirac equation reduced from the DeWitt-Brehme equation and analyze energy evolution of the radiating charged particle inside the ergosphere, where the energy of emitted radiation can be negative with respect to a distant observer in dependence on the relative orientation of the magnetic field, black hole spin and the direction of the charged particle motion. Consequently, the charged particle can leave the ergosphere with energy greater than initial in expense of black hole's rotational energy. In contrast to the original Penrose process and its various modification, the new process does not require the interactions (collisions or decay) with other particles and consequent restrictions on the relative velocities between fragments. We show that such a Radiative Penrose effect is potentially observable and discuss its possible relevance in formation of relativistic jets and in similar high-energy astrophysical settings.
1412.4267
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Macroscopic traversable wormholes with zero tidal forces inspired by noncommutative geometry
8 pages, no figures
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, vol. 24, 1550023 (8 pages), 2015
10.1142/S0218271815500236
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper addresses the following issues: (1) the possible existence of macroscopic traversable wormholes, given a noncommutative-geometry background, and (2) the possibility of allowing zero tidal forces, given a known density. It is shown that whenever the energy density describes a classical wormhole, the resulting solution is incompatible with quantum field theory. If the energy density originates from noncommutative geometry, then zero tidal forces are allowed. Also attributable to the noncommutative geometry is the violation of the null energy condition. The wormhole geometry satisfies the usual requirements, including asymptotic flatness.
[ { "created": "Sat, 13 Dec 2014 18:27:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 Jan 2015 22:04:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Aug 2016 13:35:20 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Jan 2019 17:02:09 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2019-01-09
[ [ "Kuhfittig", "Peter K. F.", "" ] ]
This paper addresses the following issues: (1) the possible existence of macroscopic traversable wormholes, given a noncommutative-geometry background, and (2) the possibility of allowing zero tidal forces, given a known density. It is shown that whenever the energy density describes a classical wormhole, the resulting solution is incompatible with quantum field theory. If the energy density originates from noncommutative geometry, then zero tidal forces are allowed. Also attributable to the noncommutative geometry is the violation of the null energy condition. The wormhole geometry satisfies the usual requirements, including asymptotic flatness.
2006.11626
Maria De F\'atima Alves da Silva PhD
L. S. M. Veneroni, A. Braz and M. F. A. da Silva
Compact Object with a Local Dark Energy Shell
32 pages, 15 figures
null
10.1142/S0218271821500395
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate some models of compact objects in the general relativity theory with cosmological constant $\Lambda$, based on two density profiles, one of them attributed to Stewart and the other one to Durgapal and Bannerji, proposed in the literature to model "neutron stars". For them, a nonlocal equation of state with cosmological constant is obtained as a consequence of the chosen metric. In another direction, we obtain a solution for configurations with null radial pressure. The first model (based on the Stewart's density profile) turned out to be the most interesting, since surprisingly it admits the presence of dark energy in the interior of the star, in the outermost layers, for a certain range of mass-radius ratio $\gamma$. This dark energy is independent of the cosmological constant, since it is a consequence of the tangential pressure of the fluid be sufficiently negative. Still in this case, for other values of $\gamma$, all the energy conditions are satisfied. Another advantage of this model, as well as that based on the density profile of Durgapal and Bannnerji is the existence of intervals of $\gamma$ compatible with physically acceptable models for $\Lambda < 0$, $\Lambda = 0$ and $\Lambda > 0$, which also allowed us to analyze the influence of $\Lambda$ on the behavior of the fluid with respect to the energy conditions. The other configuration studied here, $P_r=0$, only allow solutions for $\Lambda<0$, in order to ensure a positive mass for the object and to satisfy all the energy conditions in a specific range of $\gamma$.
[ { "created": "Sat, 20 Jun 2020 17:57:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Feb 2021 19:48:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-05-12
[ [ "Veneroni", "L. S. M.", "" ], [ "Braz", "A.", "" ], [ "da Silva", "M. F. A.", "" ] ]
We investigate some models of compact objects in the general relativity theory with cosmological constant $\Lambda$, based on two density profiles, one of them attributed to Stewart and the other one to Durgapal and Bannerji, proposed in the literature to model "neutron stars". For them, a nonlocal equation of state with cosmological constant is obtained as a consequence of the chosen metric. In another direction, we obtain a solution for configurations with null radial pressure. The first model (based on the Stewart's density profile) turned out to be the most interesting, since surprisingly it admits the presence of dark energy in the interior of the star, in the outermost layers, for a certain range of mass-radius ratio $\gamma$. This dark energy is independent of the cosmological constant, since it is a consequence of the tangential pressure of the fluid be sufficiently negative. Still in this case, for other values of $\gamma$, all the energy conditions are satisfied. Another advantage of this model, as well as that based on the density profile of Durgapal and Bannnerji is the existence of intervals of $\gamma$ compatible with physically acceptable models for $\Lambda < 0$, $\Lambda = 0$ and $\Lambda > 0$, which also allowed us to analyze the influence of $\Lambda$ on the behavior of the fluid with respect to the energy conditions. The other configuration studied here, $P_r=0$, only allow solutions for $\Lambda<0$, in order to ensure a positive mass for the object and to satisfy all the energy conditions in a specific range of $\gamma$.
gr-qc/9301017
null
S.W. Hawking, R. Laflamme and G.W. Lyons
The Origin of Time Asymmetry
41 pages, DAMTP R92/20
Phys.Rev. D47 (1993) 5342-5356
10.1103/PhysRevD.47.5342
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
It is argued that the observed Thermodynamic Arrow of Time must arise from the boundary conditions of the universe. We analyse the consequences of the no boundary proposal, the only reasonably complete set of boundary conditions that has been put forward. We study perturbations of a Friedmann model containing a massive scalar field but our results should be independent of the details of the matter content. We find that gravitational wave perturbations have an amplitude that remains in the linear regime at all times and is roughly time symmetric about the time of maximum expansion. Thus gravitational wave perturbations do not give rise to an Arrow of Time. However density perturbations behave very differently. They are small at one end of the universe's history, but grow larger and become non linear as the universe gets larger. Contrary to an earlier claim, the density perturbations do not get small again at the other end of the universe's history. They therefore give rise to a Thermodynamic Arrow of Time that points in a constant direction while the universe expands and contracts again. The Arrow of Time does not reverse at the point of maximum expansion. One has to appeal to the Weak Anthropic Principle to explain why we observe the Thermodynamic Arrow to agree with the Cosmological Arrow, the direction of time in which the universe is expanding.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Jan 1993 16:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Hawking", "S. W.", "" ], [ "Laflamme", "R.", "" ], [ "Lyons", "G. W.", "" ] ]
It is argued that the observed Thermodynamic Arrow of Time must arise from the boundary conditions of the universe. We analyse the consequences of the no boundary proposal, the only reasonably complete set of boundary conditions that has been put forward. We study perturbations of a Friedmann model containing a massive scalar field but our results should be independent of the details of the matter content. We find that gravitational wave perturbations have an amplitude that remains in the linear regime at all times and is roughly time symmetric about the time of maximum expansion. Thus gravitational wave perturbations do not give rise to an Arrow of Time. However density perturbations behave very differently. They are small at one end of the universe's history, but grow larger and become non linear as the universe gets larger. Contrary to an earlier claim, the density perturbations do not get small again at the other end of the universe's history. They therefore give rise to a Thermodynamic Arrow of Time that points in a constant direction while the universe expands and contracts again. The Arrow of Time does not reverse at the point of maximum expansion. One has to appeal to the Weak Anthropic Principle to explain why we observe the Thermodynamic Arrow to agree with the Cosmological Arrow, the direction of time in which the universe is expanding.
1503.05469
Susana Valdez
Carlos A. Soto-Campos, Susana Valdez-Alvarado
Noncommutative Reissner-Nordstr{\o}m Black hole
7 page
null
10.1139/cjp-2017-0599
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A deformed embedding of the Reissner-Nordstr{\o}m spacetime is constructed within the framework of a noncommutative Riemannian geometry. We find noncommutative corrections to the usual Riemannian expressions for the metric and curvature tensors, which, in the case of the metric, are valid to all orders in the deformation parameter. We calculate the area of the event horizon of the corresponding noncommutative R-N black-hole, obtaining corrections up to fourth order in the deformation parameter for the area of the black-hole. Finally we include some comments on the noncommutative version on one of the second order scalar invariants of the Riemann tensor, the so called Kretschmann invariant, a quantity regularly used in order to extend gravity to quantum level.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Mar 2015 16:22:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Dec 2015 17:06:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-18
[ [ "Soto-Campos", "Carlos A.", "" ], [ "Valdez-Alvarado", "Susana", "" ] ]
A deformed embedding of the Reissner-Nordstr{\o}m spacetime is constructed within the framework of a noncommutative Riemannian geometry. We find noncommutative corrections to the usual Riemannian expressions for the metric and curvature tensors, which, in the case of the metric, are valid to all orders in the deformation parameter. We calculate the area of the event horizon of the corresponding noncommutative R-N black-hole, obtaining corrections up to fourth order in the deformation parameter for the area of the black-hole. Finally we include some comments on the noncommutative version on one of the second order scalar invariants of the Riemann tensor, the so called Kretschmann invariant, a quantity regularly used in order to extend gravity to quantum level.
1006.4809
Sunil Maharaj
A. M. Msomi, K. S. Govinder, S. D. Maharaj
Gravitating fluids with Lie symmetries
13 pages, To appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
J. Phys. A 43: 285203, 2010
10.1088/1751-8113/43/28/285203
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyse the underlying nonlinear partial differential equation which arises in the study of gravitating flat fluid plates of embedding class one. Our interest in this equation lies in discussing new solutions that can be found by means of Lie point symmetries. The method utilised reduces the partial differential equation to an ordinary differential equation according to the Lie symmetry admitted. We show that a class of solutions found previously can be characterised by a particular Lie generator. Several new families of solutions are found explicitly. In particular we find the relevant ordinary differential equation for all one-dimensional optimal subgroups; in several cases the ordinary differential equation can be solved in general. We are in a position to characterise particular solutions with a linear barotropic equation of state.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Jun 2010 15:06:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-19
[ [ "Msomi", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Govinder", "K. S.", "" ], [ "Maharaj", "S. D.", "" ] ]
We analyse the underlying nonlinear partial differential equation which arises in the study of gravitating flat fluid plates of embedding class one. Our interest in this equation lies in discussing new solutions that can be found by means of Lie point symmetries. The method utilised reduces the partial differential equation to an ordinary differential equation according to the Lie symmetry admitted. We show that a class of solutions found previously can be characterised by a particular Lie generator. Several new families of solutions are found explicitly. In particular we find the relevant ordinary differential equation for all one-dimensional optimal subgroups; in several cases the ordinary differential equation can be solved in general. We are in a position to characterise particular solutions with a linear barotropic equation of state.
gr-qc/9810075
Gerard Clement
G\'erard Cl\'ement
Spinning ring wormholes: a classical model for elementary particles?
15 pages, Latex
null
null
GCR-98/11/02
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
Static horizonless solutions to the Einstein--Maxwell field equations, with only a circular cosmic string singularity, are extended to exact rotating asymptotically flat solutions. The possible interpretation of these field configurations as spinning elementary particles or as macroscopic rotating cosmic rings is discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Oct 1998 15:45:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Clément", "Gérard", "" ] ]
Static horizonless solutions to the Einstein--Maxwell field equations, with only a circular cosmic string singularity, are extended to exact rotating asymptotically flat solutions. The possible interpretation of these field configurations as spinning elementary particles or as macroscopic rotating cosmic rings is discussed.
2007.13956
Luis Granda
L. N. Granda
Modified gravity with disappearing cosmological constant
42 pages, 7 figures, version published in JHEP
J. High Energ. Phys. 2021, 205 (2021)
10.1007/JHEP12(2021)205
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
New corrections to General Relativity are considered in the context of modified $f(R)$ gravity, that satisfy cosmological and local gravity constraints. The proposed models behave asymptotically as $R-2\Lambda$ at large curvature and show the vanishing of the cosmological constant at the flat spacetime limit. The chameleon mechanism and thin shell restrictions for local systems were analyzed, and bounds on the models were found. The steepness of the deviation parameter $m$ at late times leads to measurable signal of scalar-tensor regime in matter perturbations, that allows to detect departures form the $\Lambda$CDM model. The theoretical results for the evolution of the weighted growth rate $f\sigma_8(z)$, from the proposed models, were analyzed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Jul 2020 02:39:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 2 Aug 2020 21:10:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Jul 2021 02:39:33 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Jan 2022 04:35:26 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2022-01-13
[ [ "Granda", "L. N.", "" ] ]
New corrections to General Relativity are considered in the context of modified $f(R)$ gravity, that satisfy cosmological and local gravity constraints. The proposed models behave asymptotically as $R-2\Lambda$ at large curvature and show the vanishing of the cosmological constant at the flat spacetime limit. The chameleon mechanism and thin shell restrictions for local systems were analyzed, and bounds on the models were found. The steepness of the deviation parameter $m$ at late times leads to measurable signal of scalar-tensor regime in matter perturbations, that allows to detect departures form the $\Lambda$CDM model. The theoretical results for the evolution of the weighted growth rate $f\sigma_8(z)$, from the proposed models, were analyzed.
0801.3683
Robert R. Caldwell
P. P. Yu and R. R. Caldwell
Observer dependence of the quasi-local energy and momentum in Schwarzschild space-time
7 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Gen. Rel. Grav
null
10.1007/s10714-008-0686-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The observer dependence of the quasi-local energy (QLE) and momentum in the Schwarzschild geometry is illustrated. Using the Brown-York prescription, the QLE for families of non-geodesic and geodesic observers penetrating the event horizon is obtained. An explicit shell-building process is presented and the binding energy is computed in terms of the QLE measured by a static observer field at a radius outside the horizon radius. The QLE for a radially geodesic observer field freely-falling from infinity is shown to vanish. Finally, a simple relation for the dynamics of the quasi-local momentum density for a geodesic observer field is noted.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jan 2008 23:02:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 3 Sep 2008 19:54:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-13
[ [ "Yu", "P. P.", "" ], [ "Caldwell", "R. R.", "" ] ]
The observer dependence of the quasi-local energy (QLE) and momentum in the Schwarzschild geometry is illustrated. Using the Brown-York prescription, the QLE for families of non-geodesic and geodesic observers penetrating the event horizon is obtained. An explicit shell-building process is presented and the binding energy is computed in terms of the QLE measured by a static observer field at a radius outside the horizon radius. The QLE for a radially geodesic observer field freely-falling from infinity is shown to vanish. Finally, a simple relation for the dynamics of the quasi-local momentum density for a geodesic observer field is noted.
1010.3420
Sabine Hossenfelder
Sabine Hossenfelder
Experimental Search for Quantum Gravity
This article is partly based on the talks at the workshop on Experimental Search for Quantum Gravity, Stockholm, July 12-16 2010
"Classical and Quantum Gravity: Theory, Analysis and Applications," Chapter 5, Edited by V. R. Frignanni, Nova Publishers (2011)
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We offer a brief survey of existent and planned experimental tests for quantum gravity. First, we outline the questions we wish to address, and then introduce some of the phenomenological models that are currently used in quantum gravity, both with and without a lowered Planck scale. After that, we summarize experimental areas where these models can be tested or constrained and discuss the status of the field.
[ { "created": "Sun, 17 Oct 2010 15:21:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-12-16
[ [ "Hossenfelder", "Sabine", "" ] ]
We offer a brief survey of existent and planned experimental tests for quantum gravity. First, we outline the questions we wish to address, and then introduce some of the phenomenological models that are currently used in quantum gravity, both with and without a lowered Planck scale. After that, we summarize experimental areas where these models can be tested or constrained and discuss the status of the field.
2204.00698
Carolyn Raithel
Carolyn A. Raithel, Vasileios Paschalidis
Improving the convergence order of binary neutron star merger simulations in the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura formulation
17 pages, 9 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.023015
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
High-accuracy numerical relativity simulations of binary neutron star mergers are a necessary ingredient for constructing gravitational waveform templates to analyze and interpret observations of compact object mergers. Numerical convergence in the post-merger phase of such simulations is challenging to achieve with many modern codes. In this paper, we study two ways of improving the convergence properties of binary neutron star merger simulations within the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura formulation of Einstein's equations. We show that discontinuities in a particular constraint damping scheme in this formulation can destroy the post-merger convergence of the simulation. A continuous prescription, in contrast, ensures convergence until late times. We additionally study the impact of the equation of state parametrization on the pre- and post-merger convergence properties of the simulations. In particular, we compare results for a piecewise polytropic parametrization, which is commonly used in merger simulations but suffers unphysical discontinuities in the sound speed, with results using a "generalized" piecewise polytropic parametrization, which was designed to ensure both continuity and differentiability of the equation of state. We report on the differences in the gravitational waves and any spurious pre-merger heating, depending on which equation of state parametrization is used.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Apr 2022 21:11:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Jul 2022 20:04:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-07-27
[ [ "Raithel", "Carolyn A.", "" ], [ "Paschalidis", "Vasileios", "" ] ]
High-accuracy numerical relativity simulations of binary neutron star mergers are a necessary ingredient for constructing gravitational waveform templates to analyze and interpret observations of compact object mergers. Numerical convergence in the post-merger phase of such simulations is challenging to achieve with many modern codes. In this paper, we study two ways of improving the convergence properties of binary neutron star merger simulations within the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura formulation of Einstein's equations. We show that discontinuities in a particular constraint damping scheme in this formulation can destroy the post-merger convergence of the simulation. A continuous prescription, in contrast, ensures convergence until late times. We additionally study the impact of the equation of state parametrization on the pre- and post-merger convergence properties of the simulations. In particular, we compare results for a piecewise polytropic parametrization, which is commonly used in merger simulations but suffers unphysical discontinuities in the sound speed, with results using a "generalized" piecewise polytropic parametrization, which was designed to ensure both continuity and differentiability of the equation of state. We report on the differences in the gravitational waves and any spurious pre-merger heating, depending on which equation of state parametrization is used.
1712.04520
Patrick Valageas
Philippe Brax, Patrick Valageas
Self-acceleration in scalar-bimetric theories
35 pages
Phys. Rev. D 97, 103516 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.103516
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We describe scalar-bimetric theories where the dynamics of the Universe are governed by two separate metrics, each with an Einstein-Hilbert term. In this setting, the baryonic and dark matter components of the Universe couple to metrics which are constructed as functions of these two gravitational metrics. The scalar field, contrary to dark energy models, does not have a potential whose role is to mimic a late-time cosmological constant. The late-time acceleration of the expansion of the Universe can be easily obtained at the background level in these models by appropriately choosing the coupling functions appearing in the decomposition of the vierbeins for the baryonic and dark matter metrics. We explicitly show how the concordance model can be retrieved with negligible scalar kinetic energy. This requires the scalar coupling functions to show variations of order unity during the accelerated expansion era. This leads in turn to deviations of order unity for the effective Newton constants and a fifth force that is of the same order as Newtonian gravity, with peculiar features. The baryonic and dark matter self-gravities are amplified although the gravitational force between baryons and dark matter is reduced and even becomes repulsive at low redshift. This slows down the growth of baryonic density perturbations on cosmological scales, while dark matter perturbations are enhanced. In our local environment, the upper bound on the time evolution of Newton's constant requires an efficient screening mechanism that both damps the fifth force on small scales and decouples the local value of Newton constant from its cosmological value. This cannot be achieved by a quasi-static chameleon mechanism, and requires going beyond the quasi-static regime and probably using derivative screenings, such as Kmouflage or Vainshtein screening, on small scales.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Dec 2017 18:18:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Oct 2018 09:07:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-09
[ [ "Brax", "Philippe", "" ], [ "Valageas", "Patrick", "" ] ]
We describe scalar-bimetric theories where the dynamics of the Universe are governed by two separate metrics, each with an Einstein-Hilbert term. In this setting, the baryonic and dark matter components of the Universe couple to metrics which are constructed as functions of these two gravitational metrics. The scalar field, contrary to dark energy models, does not have a potential whose role is to mimic a late-time cosmological constant. The late-time acceleration of the expansion of the Universe can be easily obtained at the background level in these models by appropriately choosing the coupling functions appearing in the decomposition of the vierbeins for the baryonic and dark matter metrics. We explicitly show how the concordance model can be retrieved with negligible scalar kinetic energy. This requires the scalar coupling functions to show variations of order unity during the accelerated expansion era. This leads in turn to deviations of order unity for the effective Newton constants and a fifth force that is of the same order as Newtonian gravity, with peculiar features. The baryonic and dark matter self-gravities are amplified although the gravitational force between baryons and dark matter is reduced and even becomes repulsive at low redshift. This slows down the growth of baryonic density perturbations on cosmological scales, while dark matter perturbations are enhanced. In our local environment, the upper bound on the time evolution of Newton's constant requires an efficient screening mechanism that both damps the fifth force on small scales and decouples the local value of Newton constant from its cosmological value. This cannot be achieved by a quasi-static chameleon mechanism, and requires going beyond the quasi-static regime and probably using derivative screenings, such as Kmouflage or Vainshtein screening, on small scales.
1905.05516
Mieszko Rutkowski
Mieszko Rutkowski
Nonlinear perturbations of Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes
9 pages
Phys. Rev. D 100, 044017 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.044017
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop a nonlinear perturbation theory of Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes. We show that, at each perturbation level, Einstein-Maxwell equations can be reduced to four inhomogeneous wave equations, two for polar and two for axial sector. Gravitational part of these equations is similar to Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations with source and additional coupling to the electromagnetic sector. We construct solutions to the inhomogeneous part of wave equations in terms of sources for Einstein-Maxwell equations. We discuss $\ell=0$ and $ \ell=1$ cases separately.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 May 2019 11:00:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-08-14
[ [ "Rutkowski", "Mieszko", "" ] ]
We develop a nonlinear perturbation theory of Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes. We show that, at each perturbation level, Einstein-Maxwell equations can be reduced to four inhomogeneous wave equations, two for polar and two for axial sector. Gravitational part of these equations is similar to Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations with source and additional coupling to the electromagnetic sector. We construct solutions to the inhomogeneous part of wave equations in terms of sources for Einstein-Maxwell equations. We discuss $\ell=0$ and $ \ell=1$ cases separately.
gr-qc/0411036
Robert Milson
Robert Milson
Alignment and the classification of Lorentz-signature tensors
8 pages. To be published in the proceedings of SPT2004
null
10.1142/9789812702142_0026
null
gr-qc
null
We define the notion of an aligned null direction, a Lorentz-signature analogue of the eigenvector concept that is valid for arbitrary tensor types. The set of aligned null directions is described by a a system of alignment polynomials whose coefficients are derived from the components of the tensor. The algebraic properties of the alignment polynomials can be used to classify the corresponding tensors and to put them into normal form. The alignment classification paradigm is illustrated with a discussion of bivectors and of Weyl-type tensors. Note: an earlier version of this manuscript was published in the proceedings of SPT 2004. The present version has been expanded to include a discussion of complexified alignment. Section 4 also corrects errors contained in the earlier manuscript.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Nov 2004 11:29:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-23
[ [ "Milson", "Robert", "" ] ]
We define the notion of an aligned null direction, a Lorentz-signature analogue of the eigenvector concept that is valid for arbitrary tensor types. The set of aligned null directions is described by a a system of alignment polynomials whose coefficients are derived from the components of the tensor. The algebraic properties of the alignment polynomials can be used to classify the corresponding tensors and to put them into normal form. The alignment classification paradigm is illustrated with a discussion of bivectors and of Weyl-type tensors. Note: an earlier version of this manuscript was published in the proceedings of SPT 2004. The present version has been expanded to include a discussion of complexified alignment. Section 4 also corrects errors contained in the earlier manuscript.
2304.08574
Maciej Dunajski
Maciej Dunajski
Equivalence principle, de-Sitter space, and cosmological twistors
First award winning essay of the 2023 Gravity Research Foundation competition
Internat. J. Modern Phys. D32(2023), no.14, Paper No. 2341001
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
I discuss the impact of the positive cosmological constant on the interplay between the equivalence principle in general relativity, and the rules of quantum mechanics. At the non--relativistic level there is an ambiguity in the definition of a phase of a wave function measured by inertial and accelerating observes. This is the cosmological analogue of the Penrose effect, which can also be seen as a non--relativistic limit of the Unruh effect. The symmetries of the associated Schr\"odinger equation are generated by the Newton--Hooke algebra, which arises from a non--relativistic limit of a cosmological twistor space.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Apr 2023 19:33:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Dec 2023 19:07:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-19
[ [ "Dunajski", "Maciej", "" ] ]
I discuss the impact of the positive cosmological constant on the interplay between the equivalence principle in general relativity, and the rules of quantum mechanics. At the non--relativistic level there is an ambiguity in the definition of a phase of a wave function measured by inertial and accelerating observes. This is the cosmological analogue of the Penrose effect, which can also be seen as a non--relativistic limit of the Unruh effect. The symmetries of the associated Schr\"odinger equation are generated by the Newton--Hooke algebra, which arises from a non--relativistic limit of a cosmological twistor space.
1508.00276
Genly Le\'on
Alan A. Coley (Dalhousie U., Math. Dept.), Genly Leon (Valparaiso U., Catolica), Patrik Sandin (Potsdam, Max Planck Inst.), Joey Latta (Dalhousie U., Math. Dept.)
Spherically symmetric Einstein-aether perfect fluid models
52 pages, 7 figures. Matches the published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0603058 by other authors
JCAP12(2015)010
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/12/010
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate spherically symmetric cosmological models in Einstein-aether theory with a tilted (non-comoving) perfect fluid source. We use a 1+3 frame formalism and adopt the comoving aether gauge to derive the evolution equations, which form a well-posed system of first order partial differential equations in two variables. We then introduce normalized variables. The formalism is particularly well-suited for numerical computations and the study of the qualitative properties of the models, which are also solutions of Horava gravity. We study the local stability of the equilibrium points of the resulting dynamical system corresponding to physically realistic inhomogeneous cosmological models and astrophysical objects with values for the parameters which are consistent with current constraints. In particular, we consider dust models in ($\beta-$) normalized variables and derive a reduced (closed) evolution system and we obtain the general evolution equations for the spatially homogeneous Kantowski-Sachs models using appropriate bounded normalized variables. We then analyse these models, with special emphasis on the future asymptotic behaviour for different values of the parameters. Finally, we investigate static models for a mixture of a (necessarily non-tilted) perfect fluid with a barotropic equations of state and a scalar field.
[ { "created": "Sun, 2 Aug 2015 19:26:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 5 Dec 2015 13:28:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-12-08
[ [ "Coley", "Alan A.", "", "Dalhousie U., Math. Dept." ], [ "Leon", "Genly", "", "Valparaiso U.,\n Catolica" ], [ "Sandin", "Patrik", "", "Potsdam, Max Planck Inst." ], [ "Latta", "Joey", "", "Dalhousie\n U., Math. Dept." ] ]
We investigate spherically symmetric cosmological models in Einstein-aether theory with a tilted (non-comoving) perfect fluid source. We use a 1+3 frame formalism and adopt the comoving aether gauge to derive the evolution equations, which form a well-posed system of first order partial differential equations in two variables. We then introduce normalized variables. The formalism is particularly well-suited for numerical computations and the study of the qualitative properties of the models, which are also solutions of Horava gravity. We study the local stability of the equilibrium points of the resulting dynamical system corresponding to physically realistic inhomogeneous cosmological models and astrophysical objects with values for the parameters which are consistent with current constraints. In particular, we consider dust models in ($\beta-$) normalized variables and derive a reduced (closed) evolution system and we obtain the general evolution equations for the spatially homogeneous Kantowski-Sachs models using appropriate bounded normalized variables. We then analyse these models, with special emphasis on the future asymptotic behaviour for different values of the parameters. Finally, we investigate static models for a mixture of a (necessarily non-tilted) perfect fluid with a barotropic equations of state and a scalar field.
2210.02706
Lalit Pathak
Lalit Pathak, Amit Reza, Anand S. Sengupta
Fast likelihood evaluation using meshfree approximations for reconstructing compact binary sources
9 Pages, 5 Figures
volume = 108, issue = 6, pages = 064055, year = 2023
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.064055
LIGO DCC number: LIGO-P2200253
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Several rapid parameter estimation methods have recently been advanced to deal with the computational challenges of the problem of Bayesian inference of the properties of compact binary sources detected in the upcoming science runs of the terrestrial network of gravitational wave detectors. Some of these methods are well-optimized to reconstruct gravitational wave signals in nearly real-time necessary for multi-messenger astronomy. In this context, this work presents a new, computationally efficient algorithm for fast evaluation of the likelihood function using a combination of numerical linear algebra and mesh-free interpolation methods. The proposed method can rapidly evaluate the likelihood function at any arbitrary point of the sample space at a negligible loss of accuracy and is an alternative to the grid-based parameter estimation schemes. We obtain posterior samples over model parameters for a canonical binary neutron star system by interfacing our fast likelihood evaluation method with the nested sampling algorithm. The marginalized posterior distributions obtained from these samples are statistically identical to those obtained by brute force calculations. We find that such Bayesian posteriors can be determined within a few minutes of detecting such transient compact binary sources, thereby improving the chances of their prompt follow-up observations with telescopes at different wavelengths. It may be possible to apply the blueprint of the meshfree technique presented in this study to Bayesian inference problems in other domains.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Oct 2022 06:41:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 Dec 2023 19:10:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-05
[ [ "Pathak", "Lalit", "" ], [ "Reza", "Amit", "" ], [ "Sengupta", "Anand S.", "" ] ]
Several rapid parameter estimation methods have recently been advanced to deal with the computational challenges of the problem of Bayesian inference of the properties of compact binary sources detected in the upcoming science runs of the terrestrial network of gravitational wave detectors. Some of these methods are well-optimized to reconstruct gravitational wave signals in nearly real-time necessary for multi-messenger astronomy. In this context, this work presents a new, computationally efficient algorithm for fast evaluation of the likelihood function using a combination of numerical linear algebra and mesh-free interpolation methods. The proposed method can rapidly evaluate the likelihood function at any arbitrary point of the sample space at a negligible loss of accuracy and is an alternative to the grid-based parameter estimation schemes. We obtain posterior samples over model parameters for a canonical binary neutron star system by interfacing our fast likelihood evaluation method with the nested sampling algorithm. The marginalized posterior distributions obtained from these samples are statistically identical to those obtained by brute force calculations. We find that such Bayesian posteriors can be determined within a few minutes of detecting such transient compact binary sources, thereby improving the chances of their prompt follow-up observations with telescopes at different wavelengths. It may be possible to apply the blueprint of the meshfree technique presented in this study to Bayesian inference problems in other domains.
1506.08775
Steven Carlip
S. Carlip
Dimensional reduction in causal set gravity
6+1 pages; v2: added references, cite of new result on spectral dimension; v3: minor corrections to match published version
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 232001
10.1088/0264-9381/32/23/232001
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Results from a number of different approaches to quantum gravity suggest that the effective dimension of spacetime may drop to $d=2$ at small scales. I show that two different dimensional estimators in causal set theory display the same behavior, and argue that a third, the spectral dimension, may exhibit a related phenomenon of "asymptotic silence."
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Jun 2015 18:48:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Sep 2015 17:33:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 Nov 2015 23:01:21 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-11-18
[ [ "Carlip", "S.", "" ] ]
Results from a number of different approaches to quantum gravity suggest that the effective dimension of spacetime may drop to $d=2$ at small scales. I show that two different dimensional estimators in causal set theory display the same behavior, and argue that a third, the spectral dimension, may exhibit a related phenomenon of "asymptotic silence."
1203.0675
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
Lower bounds of characteristic scale of topological modification of the Newtonian gravitation
Latex, 6 pages, no tables, 1 figure, 3 references. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics D (IJMPD)
Int. J. Mod. Phys.D 21:1250048,2012
10.1142/S0218271812500484
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analytically work out the long-term orbital perturbations induced by the first term of the expansion of the perturbing potential arising from the local modification of the Newton's inverse square law due to a topology R^2 x S^1 with a compactified dimension of radius R recently proposed by Floratos and Leontaris. We neither restrict to any specific spatial direction for the asymmetry axis nor to particular orbital configurations of the test particle. Thus, our results are quite general. Non-vanishing long-term variations occur for all the usual osculating Keplerian orbital elements, apart from the semimajor axis which is left unaffected. By using recent improvements in the determination of the orbital motion of Saturn from Cassini data, we preliminarily inferred R >= 4-6 kau. As a complementary approach, the putative topological effects should be explicitly modeled and solved-for with a modified version of the ephemerides dynamical models with which the same data sets should be reprocessed.
[ { "created": "Sat, 3 Mar 2012 18:30:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 6 Apr 2012 07:54:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-04-27
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
We analytically work out the long-term orbital perturbations induced by the first term of the expansion of the perturbing potential arising from the local modification of the Newton's inverse square law due to a topology R^2 x S^1 with a compactified dimension of radius R recently proposed by Floratos and Leontaris. We neither restrict to any specific spatial direction for the asymmetry axis nor to particular orbital configurations of the test particle. Thus, our results are quite general. Non-vanishing long-term variations occur for all the usual osculating Keplerian orbital elements, apart from the semimajor axis which is left unaffected. By using recent improvements in the determination of the orbital motion of Saturn from Cassini data, we preliminarily inferred R >= 4-6 kau. As a complementary approach, the putative topological effects should be explicitly modeled and solved-for with a modified version of the ephemerides dynamical models with which the same data sets should be reprocessed.
gr-qc/0502022
Mohammad Vahid Takook
S. Moradi, S. Rouhani and M.V. Takook
Discrete Symmetries for Spinor Field in de Sitter Space
13 pages, LaTeX; appendices added
Phys.Lett.B613:74-82,2005; Erratum-ibid.B658:284,2008
10.1016/j.physletb.2005.03.030 10.1016/j.physletb.2007.10.029
null
gr-qc
null
Discrete symmetries, parity, time reversal, antipodal, and charge conjugation transformations for spinor field in de Sitter space, are presented in the ambient space notation, i.e. in a coordinate independent way. The PT and PCT transformations are also discussed in this notation. The five-current density is studied and their transformation under the discrete symmetries is discussed.
[ { "created": "Sat, 5 Feb 2005 17:28:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 May 2005 10:37:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Moradi", "S.", "" ], [ "Rouhani", "S.", "" ], [ "Takook", "M. V.", "" ] ]
Discrete symmetries, parity, time reversal, antipodal, and charge conjugation transformations for spinor field in de Sitter space, are presented in the ambient space notation, i.e. in a coordinate independent way. The PT and PCT transformations are also discussed in this notation. The five-current density is studied and their transformation under the discrete symmetries is discussed.
gr-qc/0101125
Wade Naylor
Ian G Moss and Wade Naylor
Diagrams for heat kernel expansions
17 pages, 4 figures, ReVTeX
Class.Quant.Grav. 16 (1999) 2611-2624
10.1088/0264-9381/16/8/304
null
gr-qc
null
A diagramatic heat kernel expansion technique is presented. The method is especially well suited to the small-derivative expansion of the heat kernel, but it can also be used to reproduce the results obtained by the approach known as covariant perturbation theory. The new technique gives an expansion for the heat kernel at coincident points. It can also be used to obtain the derivative of the heat kernel and this is useful for evaluating the expectation values of the stress-energy tensor.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jan 2001 10:39:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Moss", "Ian G", "" ], [ "Naylor", "Wade", "" ] ]
A diagramatic heat kernel expansion technique is presented. The method is especially well suited to the small-derivative expansion of the heat kernel, but it can also be used to reproduce the results obtained by the approach known as covariant perturbation theory. The new technique gives an expansion for the heat kernel at coincident points. It can also be used to obtain the derivative of the heat kernel and this is useful for evaluating the expectation values of the stress-energy tensor.
2401.10025
Jeferson de Oliveira
Jeferson de Oliveira, R. D. B. Fontana and A. B. Pavan
Aspects of regular and singular electromagnetic-generalized-quasitopological-gravities black holes in (2+1) dimensions
26 pages, 5 figures. References added
Phys.Rev.D 109 (2024) 2, 024027
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.024027
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate quasitopological black holes in $(2+1)$ dimensions in the context of electromagnetic-generalized-quasitopological-gravities (EM-GQT). For three different families of geometries of quasitopological nature, we study the causal structure and their response to a probe scalar field. To linear order, we verify that the scalar field evolves stably, decaying in different towers of quasinormal modes. The studied black holes are either charged geometries (regular and singular) or a regular Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ)-like black hole, both coming from the EM-GQT theory characterized by nonminimal coupling parameters between gravity and a background scalar field. We calculate the quasinormal modes applying different numerical methods with convergent results between them. The oscillations demonstrate a very peculiar structure for charged black holes: in the intermediate and near extremal cases, a particular scaling arises, similar to that of the rotating BTZ geometry, with the modes being proportional to the distance between horizons. For the single horizon black hole solution, we identify the presence of different quasinormal families by analyzing the features of that spectrum. In all three considered geometries, no instabilities were found.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Jan 2024 14:50:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Jan 2024 14:01:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-01-30
[ [ "de Oliveira", "Jeferson", "" ], [ "Fontana", "R. D. B.", "" ], [ "Pavan", "A. B.", "" ] ]
We investigate quasitopological black holes in $(2+1)$ dimensions in the context of electromagnetic-generalized-quasitopological-gravities (EM-GQT). For three different families of geometries of quasitopological nature, we study the causal structure and their response to a probe scalar field. To linear order, we verify that the scalar field evolves stably, decaying in different towers of quasinormal modes. The studied black holes are either charged geometries (regular and singular) or a regular Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ)-like black hole, both coming from the EM-GQT theory characterized by nonminimal coupling parameters between gravity and a background scalar field. We calculate the quasinormal modes applying different numerical methods with convergent results between them. The oscillations demonstrate a very peculiar structure for charged black holes: in the intermediate and near extremal cases, a particular scaling arises, similar to that of the rotating BTZ geometry, with the modes being proportional to the distance between horizons. For the single horizon black hole solution, we identify the presence of different quasinormal families by analyzing the features of that spectrum. In all three considered geometries, no instabilities were found.
1006.4150
Bahram Mashhoon
Bahram Mashhoon
Necessity of Acceleration-Induced Nonlocality
12 pages; v2: improved version accepted for publication in Ann. Phys. (Berlin)
Annalen Phys.523:226-234,2011
10.1002/andp.201010464
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The purpose of this paper is to explain clearly why nonlocality must be an essential part of the theory of relativity. In the standard local version of this theory, Lorentz invariance is extended to accelerated observers by assuming that they are pointwise inertial. This locality postulate is exact when dealing with phenomena involving classical point particles and rays of radiation, but breaks down for electromagnetic fields, as field properties in general cannot be measured instantaneously. The problem is corrected in nonlocal relativity by supplementing the locality postulate with a certain average over the past world line of the observer.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Jun 2010 19:51:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Nov 2010 21:34:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-04-07
[ [ "Mashhoon", "Bahram", "" ] ]
The purpose of this paper is to explain clearly why nonlocality must be an essential part of the theory of relativity. In the standard local version of this theory, Lorentz invariance is extended to accelerated observers by assuming that they are pointwise inertial. This locality postulate is exact when dealing with phenomena involving classical point particles and rays of radiation, but breaks down for electromagnetic fields, as field properties in general cannot be measured instantaneously. The problem is corrected in nonlocal relativity by supplementing the locality postulate with a certain average over the past world line of the observer.
gr-qc/9809016
Alejandro Perez
Ezra T. Newman and Alejandro Perez
Characteristic Surface Data for the Eikonal Equation
16 pages, no figures, Scientific Work-Place 2.5, tex, Corrected typos
J.Math.Phys. 40 (1999) 1093-1102
10.1063/1.532708
null
gr-qc
null
A method of solving the eikonal equation, in either flat or curved space-times, with arbitrary Cauchy data, is extended to the case of data given on a characteristic surface. We find a beautiful relationship between the Cauchy and characteristic data for the same solution, namely they are related by a Legendre transformation. From the resulting solutions, we study and describe their associated wave-front singularities.
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 Sep 1998 17:54:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Sep 1998 21:46:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Newman", "Ezra T.", "" ], [ "Perez", "Alejandro", "" ] ]
A method of solving the eikonal equation, in either flat or curved space-times, with arbitrary Cauchy data, is extended to the case of data given on a characteristic surface. We find a beautiful relationship between the Cauchy and characteristic data for the same solution, namely they are related by a Legendre transformation. From the resulting solutions, we study and describe their associated wave-front singularities.
1509.05131
Rashmi Uniyal
Ravi Shankar Kuniyal, Rashmi Uniyal, Hemwati Nandan and K. D. Purohit
Null Geodesics in a Magnetically Charged Stringy Black Hole Spacetime
21 pages, 13 captioned figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the geodesic motion of massless test particles in the background of a magnetic charged black hole spacetime in four dimensions in dilaton-Maxwell gravity. The behaviour of effective potential in view of the different values of black hole parameters is analysed in the equatorial plane. The possible orbits for null geodesics are also discussed in detail in view of the different values of the impact parameter. We have also calculated the frequency shift of photons in this spacetime. The results obtained are then compared with those for the electrically charged stringy black hole spacetime and the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. It is observed that there exists no stable circular orbit outside the event horizon for massless test particles.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Sep 2015 05:45:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-09-18
[ [ "Kuniyal", "Ravi Shankar", "" ], [ "Uniyal", "Rashmi", "" ], [ "Nandan", "Hemwati", "" ], [ "Purohit", "K. D.", "" ] ]
We study the geodesic motion of massless test particles in the background of a magnetic charged black hole spacetime in four dimensions in dilaton-Maxwell gravity. The behaviour of effective potential in view of the different values of black hole parameters is analysed in the equatorial plane. The possible orbits for null geodesics are also discussed in detail in view of the different values of the impact parameter. We have also calculated the frequency shift of photons in this spacetime. The results obtained are then compared with those for the electrically charged stringy black hole spacetime and the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. It is observed that there exists no stable circular orbit outside the event horizon for massless test particles.
1106.1785
Muhammad Jamil Amir
M. Jamil Amir, Sarfraz Ali and Tariq Ismaeel
Energy-Momentum Distribution of Non-Static Plane Symmetric Spacetimes in GR and TPT
18 pages
Chinese J of Physics, 50(01), 2012, p-14
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper is devoted to explore the energy-momentum of non-static plane symmetric spacetimes in the context of General Relativity and teleparallel theory of gravity. For this purpose, we use four prescriptions, namely, Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thomson and M{\o}ller in both theories. It is shown that the results for the first three prescriptions turn out to be same in both the theories but different for last prescription. It is mentioning here that our results coincide with the results obtained by Sharif and kanwal [1] for Bell-Szekeres metric under certain choice of the metric functions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Jun 2011 12:13:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-12-06
[ [ "Amir", "M. Jamil", "" ], [ "Ali", "Sarfraz", "" ], [ "Ismaeel", "Tariq", "" ] ]
This paper is devoted to explore the energy-momentum of non-static plane symmetric spacetimes in the context of General Relativity and teleparallel theory of gravity. For this purpose, we use four prescriptions, namely, Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thomson and M{\o}ller in both theories. It is shown that the results for the first three prescriptions turn out to be same in both the theories but different for last prescription. It is mentioning here that our results coincide with the results obtained by Sharif and kanwal [1] for Bell-Szekeres metric under certain choice of the metric functions.
2101.00271
Swagat Saurav Mishra
Swagat S. Mishra, Varun Sahni and Alexei A. Starobinsky
Curing inflationary degeneracies using reheating predictions and relic gravitational waves
41 pages, 13 figures, some clarifications and additional references. Matches published version in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/05/075
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is well known that the inflationary scenario often displays different sets of degeneracies in its predictions for CMB observables. These degeneracies usually arise either because multiple inflationary models predict similar values for the scalar spectral index $n_{_S}$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, or because within the same model, the values of $\lbrace n_{_S}, r \rbrace$ are insensitive to some of the model parameters, making it difficult for CMB observations alone to constitute a unique probe of inflationary cosmology. We demonstrate that by taking into account constraints on the post-inflationary reheating parameters such as the duration of reheating $N_{_{\rm re}}$, its temperature $T_{_{\rm re}}$ and especially its equation of state (EOS), $w_{_{\rm re}}$, it is possible to break this degeneracy in certain classes of inflationary models where identical values of $\lbrace n_{_S}, r \rbrace$ can correspond to different reheating $w_{_{\rm re}}$. In particular, we show how reheating constraints can break inflationary degeneracies in the T-model and the E-model $\alpha$-attractors. Non-canonical inflation is also studied. The relic gravitational wave (GW) spectrum provides us with another tool to break inflationary degeneracies. This is because the GW spectrum is sensitive to the post-inflationary EOS of the universe. Indeed a stiff EOS during reheating $(w_{_{\rm re}} > 1/3)$ gives rise to a small scale blue tilt in the spectral index $n_{_{\rm GW}} = \frac{d\log{\Omega_{_{\rm GW}}}}{d\log{k}} > 0$, while a soft EOS $(w_{_{\rm re}} < 1/3)$ results in a red tilt. Relic GWs therefore provide us with valuable information about the post-inflationary epoch, and their spectrum can be used to cure inflationary degeneracies in $\lbrace n_{_S}, r\rbrace$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Jan 2021 17:17:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Mar 2021 14:36:07 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 May 2021 12:09:33 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-06-01
[ [ "Mishra", "Swagat S.", "" ], [ "Sahni", "Varun", "" ], [ "Starobinsky", "Alexei A.", "" ] ]
It is well known that the inflationary scenario often displays different sets of degeneracies in its predictions for CMB observables. These degeneracies usually arise either because multiple inflationary models predict similar values for the scalar spectral index $n_{_S}$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, or because within the same model, the values of $\lbrace n_{_S}, r \rbrace$ are insensitive to some of the model parameters, making it difficult for CMB observations alone to constitute a unique probe of inflationary cosmology. We demonstrate that by taking into account constraints on the post-inflationary reheating parameters such as the duration of reheating $N_{_{\rm re}}$, its temperature $T_{_{\rm re}}$ and especially its equation of state (EOS), $w_{_{\rm re}}$, it is possible to break this degeneracy in certain classes of inflationary models where identical values of $\lbrace n_{_S}, r \rbrace$ can correspond to different reheating $w_{_{\rm re}}$. In particular, we show how reheating constraints can break inflationary degeneracies in the T-model and the E-model $\alpha$-attractors. Non-canonical inflation is also studied. The relic gravitational wave (GW) spectrum provides us with another tool to break inflationary degeneracies. This is because the GW spectrum is sensitive to the post-inflationary EOS of the universe. Indeed a stiff EOS during reheating $(w_{_{\rm re}} > 1/3)$ gives rise to a small scale blue tilt in the spectral index $n_{_{\rm GW}} = \frac{d\log{\Omega_{_{\rm GW}}}}{d\log{k}} > 0$, while a soft EOS $(w_{_{\rm re}} < 1/3)$ results in a red tilt. Relic GWs therefore provide us with valuable information about the post-inflationary epoch, and their spectrum can be used to cure inflationary degeneracies in $\lbrace n_{_S}, r\rbrace$.
1104.0449
Mark Fisher
Mark Fisher, Todd A. Oliynyk
There are no magnetically charged particle-like solutions of the Einstein Yang-Mills equations for Abelian models
48 pages, 1 figure
Commun. Math. Phys. 312, 137-177 (2012)
10.1007/s00220-011-1388-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that there are no magnetically charged particle-like solutions for Abelian models in Einstein Yang-Mills, but for non-Abelian models the possibility remains open. An analysis of the Lie algebraic structure of the Yang-Mills fields is essential to our results. In one key step of our analysis we use invariant polynomials to determine which orbits of the gauge group contain the possible asymptotic Yang-Mills field configurations. Together with a new horizontal/vertical space decomposition of the Yang-Mills fields this enables us to overcome some obstacles and complete a dynamical system existence theorem for asymptotic solutions with nonzero total magnetic charge. We then prove that these solutions cannot be extended globally for Abelian models and begin an investigation of the details for non-Abelian models.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Apr 2011 01:36:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-06-28
[ [ "Fisher", "Mark", "" ], [ "Oliynyk", "Todd A.", "" ] ]
We prove that there are no magnetically charged particle-like solutions for Abelian models in Einstein Yang-Mills, but for non-Abelian models the possibility remains open. An analysis of the Lie algebraic structure of the Yang-Mills fields is essential to our results. In one key step of our analysis we use invariant polynomials to determine which orbits of the gauge group contain the possible asymptotic Yang-Mills field configurations. Together with a new horizontal/vertical space decomposition of the Yang-Mills fields this enables us to overcome some obstacles and complete a dynamical system existence theorem for asymptotic solutions with nonzero total magnetic charge. We then prove that these solutions cannot be extended globally for Abelian models and begin an investigation of the details for non-Abelian models.
1808.10225
Killian Martineau
Emanuele Alesci, Aur\'elien Barrau, Gioele Botta, Killian Martineau and Gabriele Stagno
Phenomenology of Quantum Reduced Loop Gravity in the isotropic cosmological sector
18 pages, 12 figures
Phys. Rev. D 98, 106022 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.106022
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum reduced loop gravity is designed to consistently study symmetry reduced systems within the loop quantum gravity framework. In particular, it bridges the gap between the effective cosmological models of loop quantum cosmology and the full theory, addressing the dynamics before the minisuperspace reduction. This mostly preserves the graph structure and SU(2) quantum numbers. In this article, we study the phenomenological consequences of the isotropic sector of the theory, the so-called emergent bouncing universe model. In particular, the parameter space is scanned and we show that the number of inflationary e-folds is almost always higher than the observational lower-bound. We also compute the primordial tensor power spectrum and study its sensitivity upon the fundamental parameters used in the model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Aug 2018 11:22:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Nov 2018 13:55:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-12-05
[ [ "Alesci", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Barrau", "Aurélien", "" ], [ "Botta", "Gioele", "" ], [ "Martineau", "Killian", "" ], [ "Stagno", "Gabriele", "" ] ]
Quantum reduced loop gravity is designed to consistently study symmetry reduced systems within the loop quantum gravity framework. In particular, it bridges the gap between the effective cosmological models of loop quantum cosmology and the full theory, addressing the dynamics before the minisuperspace reduction. This mostly preserves the graph structure and SU(2) quantum numbers. In this article, we study the phenomenological consequences of the isotropic sector of the theory, the so-called emergent bouncing universe model. In particular, the parameter space is scanned and we show that the number of inflationary e-folds is almost always higher than the observational lower-bound. We also compute the primordial tensor power spectrum and study its sensitivity upon the fundamental parameters used in the model.
gr-qc/0504049
Lucio Baggio
L. Baggio, G. A. Prodi
False discovery rate: setting the probability of false claim of detection
7 pages, 3 table, 3 figures. Prepared for the Proceedings of GWDAW 9 (http://lappc-in39.in2p3.fr/GWDAW9) A new section was added with a numerical example, along with two tables and a figure related to the new section. Many smaller revisions to improve readibility
Class.Quant.Grav. 22 (2005) S1373-S1380
10.1088/0264-9381/22/18/S50
null
gr-qc
null
When testing multiple hypothesis in a survey --e.g. many different source locations, template waveforms, and so on-- the final result consists in a set of confidence intervals, each one at a desired confidence level. But the probability that at least one of these intervals does not cover the true value increases with the number of trials. With a sufficiently large array of confidence intervals, one can be sure that at least one is missing the true value. In particular, the probability of false claim of detection becomes not negligible. In order to compensate for this, one should increase the confidence level, at the price of a reduced detection power. False discovery rate control is a relatively new statistical procedure that bounds the number of mistakes made when performing multiple hypothesis tests. We shall review this method, discussing exercise applications to the field of gravitational wave surveys.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Apr 2005 13:23:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 May 2005 13:03:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 Jul 2005 18:26:13 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Baggio", "L.", "" ], [ "Prodi", "G. A.", "" ] ]
When testing multiple hypothesis in a survey --e.g. many different source locations, template waveforms, and so on-- the final result consists in a set of confidence intervals, each one at a desired confidence level. But the probability that at least one of these intervals does not cover the true value increases with the number of trials. With a sufficiently large array of confidence intervals, one can be sure that at least one is missing the true value. In particular, the probability of false claim of detection becomes not negligible. In order to compensate for this, one should increase the confidence level, at the price of a reduced detection power. False discovery rate control is a relatively new statistical procedure that bounds the number of mistakes made when performing multiple hypothesis tests. We shall review this method, discussing exercise applications to the field of gravitational wave surveys.
0906.5588
Jonathan Luk
Jonathan Luk
Improved decay for solutions to the linear wave equation on a Schwarzschild black hole
Remarks and References Added
Annales Henri Poincare 11:805-880,2010
10.1007/s00023-010-0043-6
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that sufficiently regular solutions to the wave equation $\Box_g\phi=0$ on the exterior of the Schwarzschild black hole obey the estimates $|\phi|\leq C_\delta v_+^{-{3/2}+\delta}$ and $|\partial_t\phi|\leq C_{\delta} v_+^{-2+\delta}$ on a compact region of $r$ and along the event horizon. This is proved with the help of a new vector field commutator that is analogous to the scaling vector field on Minkowski spacetime. This result improves the known decay rates in the region of finite $r$ and along the event horizon.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Jun 2009 16:56:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Oct 2009 19:48:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-11-09
[ [ "Luk", "Jonathan", "" ] ]
We prove that sufficiently regular solutions to the wave equation $\Box_g\phi=0$ on the exterior of the Schwarzschild black hole obey the estimates $|\phi|\leq C_\delta v_+^{-{3/2}+\delta}$ and $|\partial_t\phi|\leq C_{\delta} v_+^{-2+\delta}$ on a compact region of $r$ and along the event horizon. This is proved with the help of a new vector field commutator that is analogous to the scaling vector field on Minkowski spacetime. This result improves the known decay rates in the region of finite $r$ and along the event horizon.
2304.10193
Takanao Tsuyuki
Yuichiro Sato, Takanao Tsuyuki
Spatially homogeneous solutions of vacuum Einstein equations in general dimensions
18 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study time-dependent compactification of extra dimensions. We assume that the spacetime is spatially homogeneous, and solve the vacuum Einstein equations without cosmological constant in more than three dimensions. We consider globally hyperbolic spacetimes in which almost abelian Lie groups act on the spaces isometrically and simply transitively. We give left-invariant metrics on the spaces and solve Ricci-flat conditions of the spacetimes. In the four-dimensional case, our solutions correspond to the Bianchi type II solution. By our results and previous studies, all spatially homogeneous solutions whose spaces have zero-dimensional moduli spaces of left-invariant metrics are found. For the simplest solution, we show that each of the spatial dimensions cannot expand or contract simultaneously in the late-time limit.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Apr 2023 10:09:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Nov 2023 06:16:39 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 Jan 2024 07:24:26 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-02-01
[ [ "Sato", "Yuichiro", "" ], [ "Tsuyuki", "Takanao", "" ] ]
We study time-dependent compactification of extra dimensions. We assume that the spacetime is spatially homogeneous, and solve the vacuum Einstein equations without cosmological constant in more than three dimensions. We consider globally hyperbolic spacetimes in which almost abelian Lie groups act on the spaces isometrically and simply transitively. We give left-invariant metrics on the spaces and solve Ricci-flat conditions of the spacetimes. In the four-dimensional case, our solutions correspond to the Bianchi type II solution. By our results and previous studies, all spatially homogeneous solutions whose spaces have zero-dimensional moduli spaces of left-invariant metrics are found. For the simplest solution, we show that each of the spatial dimensions cannot expand or contract simultaneously in the late-time limit.
2312.13935
Johanna N. Borissova
Johanna N. Borissova, Bianca Dittrich, Kirill Krasnov
Area-metric gravity revisited
v1: 22 pages; v2: minor modifications, content matches version published in PRD
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.124035
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Area metrics are an intriguing generalization of length metrics which appears in several quantum-gravity approaches. We describe the space of diffeomorphism-invariant area-metric actions quadratic in fluctuations and derivatives. A general theory is found to be specified by four parameters, two of which are mass parameters for the non-length degrees of freedom. We find that a two-parameter subclass of theories exhibits an additional shift symmetry of the kinetic term, and leads to a ghost-free graviton propagator for the effective theory obtained after integrating out the non-length degrees of freedom. One of the two parameters determines the strength of parity violations, the other defines a mass parameter for the non-length degrees of freedom. The same type of action has been found to appear from modified Plebanski theory and in the continuum limit of (effective) spin foams. We moreover find that area-metric actions in Lorentzian (but not in Euclidean) signature feature wrong-sign kinetic and mass terms for the non-length degrees of freedom. Nevertheless, despite a coupling of these degrees of freedom to the length metric, the linearized dynamics turns out to be stable for the above subclass of actions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Dec 2023 15:29:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 Jun 2024 18:00:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-18
[ [ "Borissova", "Johanna N.", "" ], [ "Dittrich", "Bianca", "" ], [ "Krasnov", "Kirill", "" ] ]
Area metrics are an intriguing generalization of length metrics which appears in several quantum-gravity approaches. We describe the space of diffeomorphism-invariant area-metric actions quadratic in fluctuations and derivatives. A general theory is found to be specified by four parameters, two of which are mass parameters for the non-length degrees of freedom. We find that a two-parameter subclass of theories exhibits an additional shift symmetry of the kinetic term, and leads to a ghost-free graviton propagator for the effective theory obtained after integrating out the non-length degrees of freedom. One of the two parameters determines the strength of parity violations, the other defines a mass parameter for the non-length degrees of freedom. The same type of action has been found to appear from modified Plebanski theory and in the continuum limit of (effective) spin foams. We moreover find that area-metric actions in Lorentzian (but not in Euclidean) signature feature wrong-sign kinetic and mass terms for the non-length degrees of freedom. Nevertheless, despite a coupling of these degrees of freedom to the length metric, the linearized dynamics turns out to be stable for the above subclass of actions.
1310.1880
Lars Andersson
Lars Andersson
Cosmological models and stability
Based on a talk at the conference "Relativity and Gravitation, 100 Years after Einstein in Prague", at Charles University, Prague, June 25-29, 2012
null
10.1007/978-3-319-06349-2_14
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Principles in the form of heuristic guidelines or generally accepted dogma play an important role in the development of physical theories. In particular, philosophical considerations and principles figure prominently in the work of Albert Einstein. As mentioned in the talk by Jiri Bicak at this conference Einstein formulated the equivalence principle, an essential step on the road to general relativity, during his time in Prague 1911-1912. In this talk, I would like to discuss some aspects of cosmological models. As cosmology is an area of physics where "principles" such as the "cosmological principle" or the "Copernican principle" play a prominent role in motivating the class of models which form part of the current standard model, I will start by comparing the role of the equivalence principle to that of the principles used in cosmology. I will then briefly describe the standard model of cosmology to give a perspective on some mathematical problems and conjectures on cosmological models, which are discussed in the later part of this paper.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Oct 2013 18:29:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-17
[ [ "Andersson", "Lars", "" ] ]
Principles in the form of heuristic guidelines or generally accepted dogma play an important role in the development of physical theories. In particular, philosophical considerations and principles figure prominently in the work of Albert Einstein. As mentioned in the talk by Jiri Bicak at this conference Einstein formulated the equivalence principle, an essential step on the road to general relativity, during his time in Prague 1911-1912. In this talk, I would like to discuss some aspects of cosmological models. As cosmology is an area of physics where "principles" such as the "cosmological principle" or the "Copernican principle" play a prominent role in motivating the class of models which form part of the current standard model, I will start by comparing the role of the equivalence principle to that of the principles used in cosmology. I will then briefly describe the standard model of cosmology to give a perspective on some mathematical problems and conjectures on cosmological models, which are discussed in the later part of this paper.
2109.05828
Chen-Kai Qiao
Chen-Kai Qiao and Mi Zhou
The Gravitational Bending of Acoustic Schwarzschild Black Hole
21 pages, 5 figures, 2 appendices, 2 tables; V2 is minor revision; V3 is major revision; V4: minor revision (astrophysical motivation is included and small errors are corrected) V5: accepted version
The European Physical Journal C 83 (2023) 4, 271
10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11376-3
null
gr-qc cond-mat.other
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Acoustic black hole is becoming an attractive topic in recent years, for it open-up new direction for experimental / observational explorations of black holes. In this work, the gravitational bending of acoustic Schwarzschild black hole is investigated. The gravitational deflection angle of particles traveling along null geodesics, weak gravitational lensing and Einstein ring for acoustic Schwarzschild black hole are carefully studied and analyzed. Particularly, in the calculation of gravitational deflection angle, we resort to two approaches -- the Gauss-Bonnet theorem and the geodesic method. The results show that the gravitational bending effect in acoustic Schwarzschild black hole is enhanced, compared with conventional Schwarzschild black hole. This result indicates that the acoustic black holes may be more easily detectable in gravitational bending effects and weak gravitational lensing observations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Sep 2021 09:57:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Oct 2021 09:46:57 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 27 Dec 2021 15:55:26 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Mar 2022 14:44:00 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Sun, 9 Apr 2023 05:34:51 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2023-04-11
[ [ "Qiao", "Chen-Kai", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Mi", "" ] ]
Acoustic black hole is becoming an attractive topic in recent years, for it open-up new direction for experimental / observational explorations of black holes. In this work, the gravitational bending of acoustic Schwarzschild black hole is investigated. The gravitational deflection angle of particles traveling along null geodesics, weak gravitational lensing and Einstein ring for acoustic Schwarzschild black hole are carefully studied and analyzed. Particularly, in the calculation of gravitational deflection angle, we resort to two approaches -- the Gauss-Bonnet theorem and the geodesic method. The results show that the gravitational bending effect in acoustic Schwarzschild black hole is enhanced, compared with conventional Schwarzschild black hole. This result indicates that the acoustic black holes may be more easily detectable in gravitational bending effects and weak gravitational lensing observations.
1508.05810
James Douglass
James W. Douglass
A nonmetric theory of gravitation that is nonsingular at the Schwarzschild radius
8 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A gravitational theory is formulated by considering the physical processes underlying relativistic dilation of time and contraction of space. It is shown that the point mass solution of general relativity's field equation - the Schwarzschild metric - is a weak-field approximation to the more general Lagrangian resulting here. Unlike general relativity the resulting theory does not exhibit a singularity at the Schwarzschild radius and furthermore shows that photons escape from that radius with a red shift of e^0.5 - 1. Consequently black holes are not black. Experimental confirmations of general relativity that have been conducted in the weak field domain may also be considered as confirmations of the theory presented here since the two theories provide nearly identical predictions there. Testable differentiation of these two theories will require observations in the near vicinity of the Scnwarzschild radius of a black hole. Issues related to experimental confirmation are discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Aug 2015 14:07:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-08-25
[ [ "Douglass", "James W.", "" ] ]
A gravitational theory is formulated by considering the physical processes underlying relativistic dilation of time and contraction of space. It is shown that the point mass solution of general relativity's field equation - the Schwarzschild metric - is a weak-field approximation to the more general Lagrangian resulting here. Unlike general relativity the resulting theory does not exhibit a singularity at the Schwarzschild radius and furthermore shows that photons escape from that radius with a red shift of e^0.5 - 1. Consequently black holes are not black. Experimental confirmations of general relativity that have been conducted in the weak field domain may also be considered as confirmations of the theory presented here since the two theories provide nearly identical predictions there. Testable differentiation of these two theories will require observations in the near vicinity of the Scnwarzschild radius of a black hole. Issues related to experimental confirmation are discussed.
gr-qc/0608084
Maria Alice Gasparini
Maria Alice Gasparini and Florian Dubath
Matched filter for multi-transducers resonant GW antennas
15 pages and 4 figures, version accepted for publication in PRD
Phys.Rev.D74:122003,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.122003
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We analyze two kinds of matched filters for data output of a spherical resonant GW detector. In order to filter the data of a real sphere, a strategy is proposed, firstly using an omnidirectional in-line filter, which is supposed to select periodograms with excitations, secondly by performing a directional filter on such selected periodograms, finding the wave arrival time, direction and polarization. We point out that, as the analytical simplifications occurring in the ideal 6 transducers TIGA sphere do not hold for a real sphere, using a 5 transducers configuration could be a more convenient choice.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Aug 2006 12:58:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Nov 2006 22:34:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Gasparini", "Maria Alice", "" ], [ "Dubath", "Florian", "" ] ]
We analyze two kinds of matched filters for data output of a spherical resonant GW detector. In order to filter the data of a real sphere, a strategy is proposed, firstly using an omnidirectional in-line filter, which is supposed to select periodograms with excitations, secondly by performing a directional filter on such selected periodograms, finding the wave arrival time, direction and polarization. We point out that, as the analytical simplifications occurring in the ideal 6 transducers TIGA sphere do not hold for a real sphere, using a 5 transducers configuration could be a more convenient choice.
2309.14765
Asuka Ito
Asuka Ito, Kazunori Kohri, Kazunori Nakayama
Gravitational wave search through electromagnetic telescopes
11 pages, 4 figures
Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2024 023E03
10.1093/ptep/ptae004
KEK-QUP-2023-0018, KEK-TH-2558, KEK-Cosmo-0327, TU-1205
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the graviton-photon conversion in the magnetic fields of the Earth, the Milky Way Galaxy, and intergalactic regions. Requiring that the photon flux converted from gravitons does not exceed the observed photon flux with telescopes, we derive upper limits on the stochastic gravitational waves in frequency ranges from $10^{7}$Hz to $10^{35}$Hz. Remarkably, the upper limits on $h^2 \Omega_{{\rm GW}}$ could be less than unity in the frequency range of $10^{18}$-$10^{23}$ Hz in a specific case. The detection of gravitational waves using telescopes would open up a new avenue for high frequency gravitational wave observations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Sep 2023 08:54:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Feb 2024 03:03:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-22
[ [ "Ito", "Asuka", "" ], [ "Kohri", "Kazunori", "" ], [ "Nakayama", "Kazunori", "" ] ]
We study the graviton-photon conversion in the magnetic fields of the Earth, the Milky Way Galaxy, and intergalactic regions. Requiring that the photon flux converted from gravitons does not exceed the observed photon flux with telescopes, we derive upper limits on the stochastic gravitational waves in frequency ranges from $10^{7}$Hz to $10^{35}$Hz. Remarkably, the upper limits on $h^2 \Omega_{{\rm GW}}$ could be less than unity in the frequency range of $10^{18}$-$10^{23}$ Hz in a specific case. The detection of gravitational waves using telescopes would open up a new avenue for high frequency gravitational wave observations.
2208.00409
Fabian L\'aszl\'o Konstantin Wagner
Eduardo Guendelman and Fabian Wagner
Momentum gauge fields from curved momentum space through Kaluza-Klein reduction
6 pages, no figures, v2: minor clarifications added references, removed typos - published version
Class.Quant.Grav. 40 (2023) 13, 135007
10.1088/1361-6382/acd979
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we investigate the relation between curved momentum space and momentum-dependent gauge fields. While the former is a classic idea that has been shown to be tied to minimal-length models, the latter constitutes a relatively recent development in quantum gravity phenomenology. In particular, the gauge principle in momentum space amounts to a modification of the position operator of the form $\hat{X}^\mu\rightarrow\hat{X}^\mu-g A^\mu (\hat{P})$ akin to a gauge-covariant derivative in momentum space according to the minimal coupling prescription. Here, we derive both effects from a Kaluza-Klein reduction of a higher-dimensional geometry exhibiting curvature in momentum space. The interplay of the emerging gauge fields as well as the remaining curved momentum space lead to modifications of the Heisenberg algebra. While the gauge fields imply Moyal-type noncommutativity dependent on the analogue field strength tensor, the dimensionally reduced curved momentum space geometry translates to a Snyder-type noncommutative geometry.
[ { "created": "Sun, 31 Jul 2022 10:03:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Sep 2023 06:59:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-09-25
[ [ "Guendelman", "Eduardo", "" ], [ "Wagner", "Fabian", "" ] ]
In this work we investigate the relation between curved momentum space and momentum-dependent gauge fields. While the former is a classic idea that has been shown to be tied to minimal-length models, the latter constitutes a relatively recent development in quantum gravity phenomenology. In particular, the gauge principle in momentum space amounts to a modification of the position operator of the form $\hat{X}^\mu\rightarrow\hat{X}^\mu-g A^\mu (\hat{P})$ akin to a gauge-covariant derivative in momentum space according to the minimal coupling prescription. Here, we derive both effects from a Kaluza-Klein reduction of a higher-dimensional geometry exhibiting curvature in momentum space. The interplay of the emerging gauge fields as well as the remaining curved momentum space lead to modifications of the Heisenberg algebra. While the gauge fields imply Moyal-type noncommutativity dependent on the analogue field strength tensor, the dimensionally reduced curved momentum space geometry translates to a Snyder-type noncommutative geometry.
2211.04681
Chongoh Lee
Seoktae Koh, Chong Oh Lee
Configuration entropy and instability of accelerating black hole in AdS
7 pages, 7 figures, typos corrected, added comments, version to appear in EPJ Plus
null
10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04033-x
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider an accelerating black hole with a negative cosmological constant in four-dimensional spacetime. There are two configurations such as a black string (BS) phase when a mass parameter is zero and a black hole (BH) phase when a mass parameter is non-zero. We investigate their stability via the configuration entropy (CE). It is found that the BS is not always stable but the BH has a thermally stable range below the critical mass of the BH, which is consistent with thermodynamic instability.
[ { "created": "Wed, 9 Nov 2022 04:45:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 May 2023 01:28:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-24
[ [ "Koh", "Seoktae", "" ], [ "Lee", "Chong Oh", "" ] ]
We consider an accelerating black hole with a negative cosmological constant in four-dimensional spacetime. There are two configurations such as a black string (BS) phase when a mass parameter is zero and a black hole (BH) phase when a mass parameter is non-zero. We investigate their stability via the configuration entropy (CE). It is found that the BS is not always stable but the BH has a thermally stable range below the critical mass of the BH, which is consistent with thermodynamic instability.
0912.4922
Don N. Page
Don N. Page
Some Gravitational Instantons
This is a paper I presented at a conference in Moscow in December 1978, but it was never published
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
All known gravitational instantons with $\Lambda > 0$ ($S^4, CP^2, S^2 \times S^2$ and $CP # \overline{CP}^2$) are described. They are all special cases of the Taub-NUT-$\Lambda$ local solution. Hence they are Type D and are locally conformably K\"ahler. They all may be expressed in Bianchi IX form and have four or more Killing vectors.
[ { "created": "Sun, 27 Dec 2009 00:26:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-12-31
[ [ "Page", "Don N.", "" ] ]
All known gravitational instantons with $\Lambda > 0$ ($S^4, CP^2, S^2 \times S^2$ and $CP # \overline{CP}^2$) are described. They are all special cases of the Taub-NUT-$\Lambda$ local solution. Hence they are Type D and are locally conformably K\"ahler. They all may be expressed in Bianchi IX form and have four or more Killing vectors.
2007.09925
Jackson Levi Said
Maria Caruana, Gabriel Farrugia, Jackson Levi Said
Cosmological bouncing solutions in f(T,B) gravity
null
Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 640 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8204-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Teleparallel Gravity offers the possibility of reformulating gravity in terms of torsion by exchanging the Levi-Civita connection with the Weitzenb\"ock connection which describes torsion rather than curvature. Surprisingly, Teleparallel Gravity can be formulated to be equivalent to general relativity for a appropriate setup. Our interest lies in exploring an extension of this theory in which the Lagrangian takes the form of $f(T,B)$ where T and B are two scalars that characterize the equivalency with general relativity. In this work, we explore the possible of reproducing well-known cosmological bouncing scenarios in the flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker geometry using this approach to gravity. We study the types of gravitational Lagrangians which are capable of reconstructing analytical solutions for symmetric, oscillatory, superbounce, matter bounce, and singular bounce settings. These new cosmologically inspired models may have an effect on gravitational phenomena at other cosmological scales.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Jul 2020 08:16:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Jul 2020 06:35:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-23
[ [ "Caruana", "Maria", "" ], [ "Farrugia", "Gabriel", "" ], [ "Said", "Jackson Levi", "" ] ]
Teleparallel Gravity offers the possibility of reformulating gravity in terms of torsion by exchanging the Levi-Civita connection with the Weitzenb\"ock connection which describes torsion rather than curvature. Surprisingly, Teleparallel Gravity can be formulated to be equivalent to general relativity for a appropriate setup. Our interest lies in exploring an extension of this theory in which the Lagrangian takes the form of $f(T,B)$ where T and B are two scalars that characterize the equivalency with general relativity. In this work, we explore the possible of reproducing well-known cosmological bouncing scenarios in the flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker geometry using this approach to gravity. We study the types of gravitational Lagrangians which are capable of reconstructing analytical solutions for symmetric, oscillatory, superbounce, matter bounce, and singular bounce settings. These new cosmologically inspired models may have an effect on gravitational phenomena at other cosmological scales.
1709.04365
Muhammad Zaeem-Ul-Haq Bhatti
Z. Yousaf, M. Zaeem-ul-Haq Bhatti, Ume Farwa
Stability Analysis of Stellar Radiating Filaments
28 pages, no figure
Class. Quantum Grav. 34, 145002 (2017)
10.1088/1361-6382/aa73b9
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The aim of this paper is to perform stability analysis of anisotropic dissipative cylindrical collapsing model in $f(R,T,R_{\mu\nu} T^{\mu\nu})$ gravity. In this context, the modified version of hydrodynamical equation is explored by means of dynamical equations and radial perturbation scheme. We examined the role of adiabatic index, dissipation as well as the particular cosmological model on the onset of dynamical instability of the evolving cylindrical system that was initially in hydrostatic equilibrium with Newtonian and post Newtonian approximations. It is pointed out that extra curvature terms of $f(R,T,R_{\mu\nu}T^{\mu\mu\nu})$ gravity tends to increase the stability, while that heat radiations push the system to enter into unstable window. Further, our results reveal the significance of adiabatic index in the stability analysis of cylindrical celestial model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Sep 2017 04:11:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-09-14
[ [ "Yousaf", "Z.", "" ], [ "Bhatti", "M. Zaeem-ul-Haq", "" ], [ "Farwa", "Ume", "" ] ]
The aim of this paper is to perform stability analysis of anisotropic dissipative cylindrical collapsing model in $f(R,T,R_{\mu\nu} T^{\mu\nu})$ gravity. In this context, the modified version of hydrodynamical equation is explored by means of dynamical equations and radial perturbation scheme. We examined the role of adiabatic index, dissipation as well as the particular cosmological model on the onset of dynamical instability of the evolving cylindrical system that was initially in hydrostatic equilibrium with Newtonian and post Newtonian approximations. It is pointed out that extra curvature terms of $f(R,T,R_{\mu\nu}T^{\mu\mu\nu})$ gravity tends to increase the stability, while that heat radiations push the system to enter into unstable window. Further, our results reveal the significance of adiabatic index in the stability analysis of cylindrical celestial model.
1801.06528
Manuel Hohmann
Manuel Hohmann
Scalar-torsion theories of gravity I: general formalism and conformal transformations
11 pages, no figures
Phys. Rev. D 98, 064002 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.064002
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the most general class of teleparallel scalar-torsion theories of gravity in their covariant formulation. The only restrictions we impose are the invariance of the action under diffeomorphisms and local Lorentz transformations, as well as vanishing direct coupling of the matter fields to the teleparallel spin connection. In this general setting we discuss the implications of local Lorentz invariance and diffeomorphism invariance and derive the general structure of the field equations. Further, we show how different theories of this class are related to each other by conformal transformations of the tetrad and redefinitions of the scalar field. We finally show how the formalism can be generalized to an arbitrary number of scalar fields, and provide a few examples.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:46:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Feb 2018 18:19:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-09-12
[ [ "Hohmann", "Manuel", "" ] ]
We discuss the most general class of teleparallel scalar-torsion theories of gravity in their covariant formulation. The only restrictions we impose are the invariance of the action under diffeomorphisms and local Lorentz transformations, as well as vanishing direct coupling of the matter fields to the teleparallel spin connection. In this general setting we discuss the implications of local Lorentz invariance and diffeomorphism invariance and derive the general structure of the field equations. Further, we show how different theories of this class are related to each other by conformal transformations of the tetrad and redefinitions of the scalar field. We finally show how the formalism can be generalized to an arbitrary number of scalar fields, and provide a few examples.
gr-qc/0702146
Geoffrey Lovelace
Chao Li and Geoffrey Lovelace
A generalization of Ryan's theorem: probing tidal coupling with gravitational waves from nearly circular, nearly equatorial, extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
10 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D77:064022,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.064022
null
gr-qc
null
Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) and intermediate-mass-ratio inspirals (IMRIs)--binaries in which a stellar-mass object spirals into a massive black hole or other massive, compact body--are important sources of gravitational waves for LISA and LIGO, respectively. Thorne has speculated that the waves from EMRIs and IMRIs encode, in principle, all the details of (i) the central body's spacetime geometry (metric), (ii) the tidal coupling (energy and angular momentum exchange) between the central body and orbiting object, and (iii) the evolving orbital elements. Fintan Ryan has given a first partial proof that this speculation is correct: Restricting himself to nearly circular, nearly equatorial orbits and ignoring tidal coupling, Ryan proved that the central body's metric is encoded in the waves. In this paper we generalize Ryan's theorem. Retaining Ryan's restriction to nearly circular and nearly equatorial orbits, and dropping the assumption of no tidal coupling, we prove that Thorne's conjecture is nearly fully correct: the waves encode not only the central body's metric but also the evolving orbital elements and (in a sense slightly different from Thorne's conjecture) the evolving tidal coupling.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Feb 2007 08:24:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Li", "Chao", "" ], [ "Lovelace", "Geoffrey", "" ] ]
Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) and intermediate-mass-ratio inspirals (IMRIs)--binaries in which a stellar-mass object spirals into a massive black hole or other massive, compact body--are important sources of gravitational waves for LISA and LIGO, respectively. Thorne has speculated that the waves from EMRIs and IMRIs encode, in principle, all the details of (i) the central body's spacetime geometry (metric), (ii) the tidal coupling (energy and angular momentum exchange) between the central body and orbiting object, and (iii) the evolving orbital elements. Fintan Ryan has given a first partial proof that this speculation is correct: Restricting himself to nearly circular, nearly equatorial orbits and ignoring tidal coupling, Ryan proved that the central body's metric is encoded in the waves. In this paper we generalize Ryan's theorem. Retaining Ryan's restriction to nearly circular and nearly equatorial orbits, and dropping the assumption of no tidal coupling, we prove that Thorne's conjecture is nearly fully correct: the waves encode not only the central body's metric but also the evolving orbital elements and (in a sense slightly different from Thorne's conjecture) the evolving tidal coupling.
gr-qc/9807045
Parthasarathi Majumdar
Parthasarathi Majumdar
Black Hole Entropy and Quantum Gravity
13 pages, Revtex, 5 eps figures. Invited talk at National Symposium on Trends and Perspectives in Theoretical Physics, IACS, Calcutta, India, April, 1998. One reference added
null
null
IMSc/98/07/38
gr-qc hep-th
null
An elementary introduction is given to the problem of black hole entropy as formulated by Bekenstein and Hawking. The information theoretic basis of Bekenstein's formulation is briefly reviewed and compared with Hawking's approach. The issue of calculating the entropy by actual counting of microstates is taken up next within two currently popular approaches to quantum gravity, viz., string theory and canonical quantum gravity. The treatment of the former assay is confined to a few remarks, mainly of a critical nature, while some of the computational techniques of the latter approach are elaborated. We conclude by trying to find commonalities between these two rather disparate directions of work.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Jul 1998 12:07:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Jul 1998 07:21:57 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Jul 1998 11:01:44 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Majumdar", "Parthasarathi", "" ] ]
An elementary introduction is given to the problem of black hole entropy as formulated by Bekenstein and Hawking. The information theoretic basis of Bekenstein's formulation is briefly reviewed and compared with Hawking's approach. The issue of calculating the entropy by actual counting of microstates is taken up next within two currently popular approaches to quantum gravity, viz., string theory and canonical quantum gravity. The treatment of the former assay is confined to a few remarks, mainly of a critical nature, while some of the computational techniques of the latter approach are elaborated. We conclude by trying to find commonalities between these two rather disparate directions of work.
2204.00109
Nosratollah Jafari Sonbolabadi
Nosrtollah Jafari
Rigidity and Parallelism in the spacetime
11 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
The effect of the linear-fractional transformations on the parallel lines in the spacetime has been studied. Fock-Lorentz transformations maps a line to a line, from which one can obtain the combinations rule for the velocities in the Fock-Lorentz transformations. Rigidity is defined as a consequences of holding parallelism under the transformations. The Fock-Lorentz transformations do not preserve rigidity, which leads to some novel results such as growing distances alongside with advancing time. Also, it is shown that the time coordinates of events will come closer to each other in the transformed coordinates by going back in time
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Mar 2022 21:41:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-04-04
[ [ "Jafari", "Nosrtollah", "" ] ]
The effect of the linear-fractional transformations on the parallel lines in the spacetime has been studied. Fock-Lorentz transformations maps a line to a line, from which one can obtain the combinations rule for the velocities in the Fock-Lorentz transformations. Rigidity is defined as a consequences of holding parallelism under the transformations. The Fock-Lorentz transformations do not preserve rigidity, which leads to some novel results such as growing distances alongside with advancing time. Also, it is shown that the time coordinates of events will come closer to each other in the transformed coordinates by going back in time
gr-qc/0205127
Reinhard Meinel
R. Meinel
Black holes: A physical route to the Kerr metric
14 pages, 1 table, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Annalen der Physik (Leipzig)
Annalen Phys.11:509-521,2002
10.1002/andp.20025140704
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
As a consequence of Birkhoff's theorem, the exterior gravitational field of a spherically symmetric star or black hole is always given by the Schwarzschild metric. In contrast, the exterior gravitational field of a rotating (axisymmetric) star differs, in general, from the Kerr metric, which describes a stationary, rotating black hole. In this paper, I discuss the possibility of a quasi-stationary transition from rotating equilibrium configurations of normal matter to rotating black holes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 May 2002 11:30:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Jun 2002 07:26:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-09-22
[ [ "Meinel", "R.", "" ] ]
As a consequence of Birkhoff's theorem, the exterior gravitational field of a spherically symmetric star or black hole is always given by the Schwarzschild metric. In contrast, the exterior gravitational field of a rotating (axisymmetric) star differs, in general, from the Kerr metric, which describes a stationary, rotating black hole. In this paper, I discuss the possibility of a quasi-stationary transition from rotating equilibrium configurations of normal matter to rotating black holes.
0712.4157
Valeri Frolov
Valeri P. Frolov
Hidden Symmetries of Higher-Dimensional Black Hole Spacetimes
10 pages, Prepared for the Proceedings of the ICGA8 conference
Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.172:210-219,2008
10.1143/PTPS.172.210
null
gr-qc
null
The paper contains a brief review of recent results on hidden symmetries in higher dimensional black hole spacetimes. We show how the existence of a principal CKY tensor (that is a closed non-degenerate conformal Killing-Yano 2-form) allows one to generate a `tower' of Killing-Yano and Killing tensors responcible for hidden symmetries. These symmetries imply complete integrability of geodesic equations and the complete separation of variables in the Hamilton-Jacobi, Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations in the general Kerr-NUT-(A)dS metrics.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Dec 2007 23:33:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Frolov", "Valeri P.", "" ] ]
The paper contains a brief review of recent results on hidden symmetries in higher dimensional black hole spacetimes. We show how the existence of a principal CKY tensor (that is a closed non-degenerate conformal Killing-Yano 2-form) allows one to generate a `tower' of Killing-Yano and Killing tensors responcible for hidden symmetries. These symmetries imply complete integrability of geodesic equations and the complete separation of variables in the Hamilton-Jacobi, Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations in the general Kerr-NUT-(A)dS metrics.
2306.13871
Chao Zhang
Chao Zhang, Ning Dai and Dicong Liang
Importance of including higher signal harmonics in the modeling of extreme mass-ratio inspirals
23 pages, 6 figures; PRD accepted
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are the most potential sources detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). To analyze the influence of higher harmonics on parameter estimation for EMRIs efficiently, we use the waveform model that the phase trajectories are relativistic flux-based adiabatic trajectories and the waveforms are constructed by the augmented analytic kludge method. We perform a Fisher-matrix error analysis of the EMRI parameters using signals taking into account the motion of the LISA constellation and higher harmonics of gravitational waves. Our results demonstrate that including higher harmonics greatly reduces the errors on the exterior parameters such as inclination angle $\iota$, the luminosity distance $d_L$, the polarization angle $\psi$, and the initial phase $\Phi_0$, except for source localization $\Delta \Omega$ when EMRIs face us. However, the influence of higher harmonics on parameters $(\iota,d_L,\psi,\Phi_0)$ can be negligible when the inclination angle is above $1.0$. For intrinsic parameters such as the spin of central black and the masses of binaries, the influence of higher harmonics can be negligible for any inclination angle. Our findings are independent of the mass or spin of the EMRI system.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Jun 2023 05:41:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Aug 2023 01:57:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-08-31
[ [ "Zhang", "Chao", "" ], [ "Dai", "Ning", "" ], [ "Liang", "Dicong", "" ] ]
Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are the most potential sources detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). To analyze the influence of higher harmonics on parameter estimation for EMRIs efficiently, we use the waveform model that the phase trajectories are relativistic flux-based adiabatic trajectories and the waveforms are constructed by the augmented analytic kludge method. We perform a Fisher-matrix error analysis of the EMRI parameters using signals taking into account the motion of the LISA constellation and higher harmonics of gravitational waves. Our results demonstrate that including higher harmonics greatly reduces the errors on the exterior parameters such as inclination angle $\iota$, the luminosity distance $d_L$, the polarization angle $\psi$, and the initial phase $\Phi_0$, except for source localization $\Delta \Omega$ when EMRIs face us. However, the influence of higher harmonics on parameters $(\iota,d_L,\psi,\Phi_0)$ can be negligible when the inclination angle is above $1.0$. For intrinsic parameters such as the spin of central black and the masses of binaries, the influence of higher harmonics can be negligible for any inclination angle. Our findings are independent of the mass or spin of the EMRI system.
2304.08030
Zhan-Feng Mai
Zhan-Feng Mai, Rui Xu, Dicong Liang, Lijing Shao
Extended thermodynamics of the bumblebee black holes
10 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 024004
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.024004
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
As a vector-tensor theory including nonminimal coupling between the Ricci tensor and a vector field, the bumblebee gravity is a potential theory to test Lorentz symmetry violation. Recently, a new class of numerical spherical black holes in the bumblebee theory was constructed. In this paper, we investigate the associated local thermodynamic properties. By introducing a pair of conjugated thermodynamic quantities $X$ and $Y$, which can be interpreted as an extension of electric potential and charge of the Reissner Nordstr\"om black holes, we numerically construct a new first law of thermodynamics for bumblebee black holes. We then study the constant-$Y$ processes in the entropy-charge parameter space. For the constant-$Y$ processes, we also calculate the heat capacity to study the local thermodynamic stability of the bumblebee black holes. For a negative nonminimal coupling coefficient $\xi$, we find both divergent and smooth phase transitions. For a positive but small $\xi$, only a divergent phase transition is found. It turns out that there is a critical value $0.4\kappa <\xi_c < 0.5\kappa$ such that when $\xi_c < \xi<2\kappa$, even the divergent phase transition disappears and the bumblebee black holes thus become locally thermodynamically unstable regardless of the bumblebee charge. As for $\xi>2\kappa$, the smooth phase transition arises again but there no longer exists any discontinuous phase transition for the bumblebee black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Apr 2023 07:25:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 1 Jul 2023 13:28:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-07-14
[ [ "Mai", "Zhan-Feng", "" ], [ "Xu", "Rui", "" ], [ "Liang", "Dicong", "" ], [ "Shao", "Lijing", "" ] ]
As a vector-tensor theory including nonminimal coupling between the Ricci tensor and a vector field, the bumblebee gravity is a potential theory to test Lorentz symmetry violation. Recently, a new class of numerical spherical black holes in the bumblebee theory was constructed. In this paper, we investigate the associated local thermodynamic properties. By introducing a pair of conjugated thermodynamic quantities $X$ and $Y$, which can be interpreted as an extension of electric potential and charge of the Reissner Nordstr\"om black holes, we numerically construct a new first law of thermodynamics for bumblebee black holes. We then study the constant-$Y$ processes in the entropy-charge parameter space. For the constant-$Y$ processes, we also calculate the heat capacity to study the local thermodynamic stability of the bumblebee black holes. For a negative nonminimal coupling coefficient $\xi$, we find both divergent and smooth phase transitions. For a positive but small $\xi$, only a divergent phase transition is found. It turns out that there is a critical value $0.4\kappa <\xi_c < 0.5\kappa$ such that when $\xi_c < \xi<2\kappa$, even the divergent phase transition disappears and the bumblebee black holes thus become locally thermodynamically unstable regardless of the bumblebee charge. As for $\xi>2\kappa$, the smooth phase transition arises again but there no longer exists any discontinuous phase transition for the bumblebee black holes.
2210.04769
Qian Hu
Qian Hu and John Veitch
Accumulating errors in tests of general relativity with gravitational waves: overlapping signals and inaccurate waveforms
13 pages, 6 figures
The Astrophysical Journal, 945, 103 (2023)
10.3847/1538-4357/acbc18
ET-0211A-22
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences provide powerful tests of general relativity (GR), but systematic errors in data analysis could lead to incorrect scientific conclusions. This issue is especially serious in the third-generation GW detectors in which the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high and the number of detections is large. In this work, we investigate the impacts of overlapping signals and inaccurate waveform models on tests of GR. We simulate mock catalogs for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer and perform parametric tests of GR using waveform models with different levels of inaccuracy. We find the systematic error in non-GR parameter estimates could accumulate toward a false deviation from GR when combining results from multiple events, although a bayesian model selection analysis may not favour a deviation. Waveform inaccuracies contribute most to the systematic errors, but multiple overlapping signals could magnify the effects of systematics due to the incorrect removal of signals. We also point out that testing GR using selected ''golden binaries'' with high SNR is even more vulnerable to false deviations from GR. The problem of error accumulation is universal; we emphasize that it must be addressed to fully exploit the data from third-generation GW detectors, and that further investigations, particularly in waveform accuracy, will be essential.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Oct 2022 15:27:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Feb 2023 17:04:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-16
[ [ "Hu", "Qian", "" ], [ "Veitch", "John", "" ] ]
Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences provide powerful tests of general relativity (GR), but systematic errors in data analysis could lead to incorrect scientific conclusions. This issue is especially serious in the third-generation GW detectors in which the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high and the number of detections is large. In this work, we investigate the impacts of overlapping signals and inaccurate waveform models on tests of GR. We simulate mock catalogs for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer and perform parametric tests of GR using waveform models with different levels of inaccuracy. We find the systematic error in non-GR parameter estimates could accumulate toward a false deviation from GR when combining results from multiple events, although a bayesian model selection analysis may not favour a deviation. Waveform inaccuracies contribute most to the systematic errors, but multiple overlapping signals could magnify the effects of systematics due to the incorrect removal of signals. We also point out that testing GR using selected ''golden binaries'' with high SNR is even more vulnerable to false deviations from GR. The problem of error accumulation is universal; we emphasize that it must be addressed to fully exploit the data from third-generation GW detectors, and that further investigations, particularly in waveform accuracy, will be essential.
1607.04329
Saibal Ray
Farook Rahaman, Nupur Paul, Ayan Banerjee, S.S. De, Saibal Ray and A.A. Usmani
The Finslerian wormhole models
9 pages and 7 figues
Eur. Phys. J. C (2016) 76:246
10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4066-0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present models of wormhole under the Finslerian structure of spacetime. This is a sequel of our previous work (Eur Phys J 75:564, 2015) where we constructed a toy model for compact stars based on the Finslerian spacetime geometry. In the present investigation, a wide variety of solutions are obtained that explore wormhole geometry by considering different choices for the form function and energy density. The solutions, like the previous work, are revealed to be physically interesting and viable models for the explanation of wormholes as far as the background theory and literature are concerned.
[ { "created": "Sat, 9 Jul 2016 07:36:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-07-18
[ [ "Rahaman", "Farook", "" ], [ "Paul", "Nupur", "" ], [ "Banerjee", "Ayan", "" ], [ "De", "S. S.", "" ], [ "Ray", "Saibal", "" ], [ "Usmani", "A. A.", "" ] ]
We present models of wormhole under the Finslerian structure of spacetime. This is a sequel of our previous work (Eur Phys J 75:564, 2015) where we constructed a toy model for compact stars based on the Finslerian spacetime geometry. In the present investigation, a wide variety of solutions are obtained that explore wormhole geometry by considering different choices for the form function and energy density. The solutions, like the previous work, are revealed to be physically interesting and viable models for the explanation of wormholes as far as the background theory and literature are concerned.
1403.2961
Alessandro Tronconi
Alexander Y. Kamenshchik, Alessandro Tronconi, Giovanni Venturi
Signatures of Quantum Gravity in a Born-Oppenheimer Context
19 pages, 2 figures; final version accepted for publication in PLB
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2014.05.028
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We solve a general equation describing the lowest order corrections arising from quantum gravitational effects to the spectrum of cosmological fluctuations. The spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations are calculated to first order in the slow roll approximation and the results are compared with the most recent observations. The slow roll approximation gives qualitatively new quantum gravitational effects with respect to the pure de Sitter case.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Mar 2014 15:03:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 May 2014 16:10:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-19
[ [ "Kamenshchik", "Alexander Y.", "" ], [ "Tronconi", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Venturi", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
We solve a general equation describing the lowest order corrections arising from quantum gravitational effects to the spectrum of cosmological fluctuations. The spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations are calculated to first order in the slow roll approximation and the results are compared with the most recent observations. The slow roll approximation gives qualitatively new quantum gravitational effects with respect to the pure de Sitter case.
0910.5931
Manuel Tessmer
Manuel Tessmer
Gravitational waveforms from unequal-mass binaries with arbitrary spins under leading order spin-orbit coupling
13 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRD on 11 Sep. 2009
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.124034
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The paper generalizes the structure of gravitational waves from orbiting spinning binaries under leading order spin-orbit coupling, as given in the work by K\"onigsd\"orffer and Gopakumar [PRD 71, 024039 (2005)] for single-spin and equal-mass binaries, to unequal-mass binaries and arbitrary spin configurations. The orbital motion is taken to be quasi-circular and the fractional mass difference is assumed to be small against one. The emitted gravitational waveforms are given in analytic form.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Oct 2009 18:03:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Dec 2009 13:30:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-14
[ [ "Tessmer", "Manuel", "" ] ]
The paper generalizes the structure of gravitational waves from orbiting spinning binaries under leading order spin-orbit coupling, as given in the work by K\"onigsd\"orffer and Gopakumar [PRD 71, 024039 (2005)] for single-spin and equal-mass binaries, to unequal-mass binaries and arbitrary spin configurations. The orbital motion is taken to be quasi-circular and the fractional mass difference is assumed to be small against one. The emitted gravitational waveforms are given in analytic form.
gr-qc/9604003
T. Jacobson
Ted Jacobson
1+1 Sector of 3+1 Gravity
9 pages, plain Latex, no figures
Class.Quant.Grav.13:L111-L116,1996; Erratum-ibid.13:3269,1996
10.1088/0264-9381/13/8/003
THU-96/18
gr-qc hep-th
null
The rank--1 sector of classical Ashtekar gravity is considered, motivated by the degeneracy of the metric along the Wilson lines in quantum loop states. It is found that the lines behave like 1+1 dimensional spacetimes with a pair of massless complex fields propagating along them. The inclusion of matter and extension to supergravity are also considered.
[ { "created": "Mon, 1 Apr 1996 15:57:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Jacobson", "Ted", "" ] ]
The rank--1 sector of classical Ashtekar gravity is considered, motivated by the degeneracy of the metric along the Wilson lines in quantum loop states. It is found that the lines behave like 1+1 dimensional spacetimes with a pair of massless complex fields propagating along them. The inclusion of matter and extension to supergravity are also considered.
gr-qc/0401092
Richard Price
Elspeth W. Allen, Elizabeth Buckmiller, Lior M. Burko, Richard H.Price
Radiation tails and boundary conditions for black hole evolutions
submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D70 (2004) 044038
10.1103/PhysRevD.70.044038
null
gr-qc
null
In numerical computations of Einstein's equations for black hole spacetimes, it will be necessary to use approximate boundary conditions at a finite distance from the holes. We point out here that ``tails,'' the inverse power-law decrease of late-time fields, cannot be expected for such computations. We present computational demonstrations and discussions of features of late-time behavior in an evolution with a boundary condition.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Jan 2004 22:32:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Allen", "Elspeth W.", "" ], [ "Buckmiller", "Elizabeth", "" ], [ "Burko", "Lior M.", "" ], [ "Price", "Richard H.", "" ] ]
In numerical computations of Einstein's equations for black hole spacetimes, it will be necessary to use approximate boundary conditions at a finite distance from the holes. We point out here that ``tails,'' the inverse power-law decrease of late-time fields, cannot be expected for such computations. We present computational demonstrations and discussions of features of late-time behavior in an evolution with a boundary condition.
1306.1024
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif and Z. Yousaf
Shearfree Spherically Symmetric Fluid Models
9 pages, no figure
Chin. Phys. Lett. 29(2012)050403 (China)
10.1088/0256-307X/29/5/050403
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We try to find some exact analytical models of spherically symmetric spacetime of collapsing fluid under shearfree condition. We consider two types of solutions: one is to impose a condition on the mass function while the other is to restrict the pressure. We obtain totally of five exact models, and some of them satisfy the Darmois conditions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Jun 2013 09:12:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Yousaf", "Z.", "" ] ]
We try to find some exact analytical models of spherically symmetric spacetime of collapsing fluid under shearfree condition. We consider two types of solutions: one is to impose a condition on the mass function while the other is to restrict the pressure. We obtain totally of five exact models, and some of them satisfy the Darmois conditions.
gr-qc/9906108
Kip S. Thorne
Vladimir B. Braginsky (1), Mikhail L. Gorodetsky (1), Farid Ya. Khalili (1) and Kip S. Thorne (2) ((1) Physics Faculty, Moscow State University, (2) Theoretical Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology)
Dual-Resonator Speed Meter for a Free Test Mass
RevTex: 13 pages with 4 embedded figures (two .eps format and two drawn in TeX); Submitted to Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D61 (2000) 044002
10.1103/PhysRevD.61.044002
GRP-516
gr-qc quant-ph
null
A description and analysis are given of a ``speed meter'' for monitoring a classical force that acts on a test mass. This speed meter is based on two microwave resonators (``dual resonators''), one of which couples evanescently to the position of the test mass. The sloshing of the resulting signal between the resonators, and a wise choice of where to place the resonators' output waveguide, produce a signal in the waveguide that (for sufficiently low frequencies) is proportional to the test-mass velocity (speed) rather than its position. This permits the speed meter to achieve force-measurement sensitivities better than the standard quantum limit (SQL), both when operating in a narrow-band mode and a wide-band mode. A scrutiny of experimental issues shows that it is feasible, with current technology, to construct a demonstration speed meter that beats the wide-band SQL by a factor 2. A concept is sketched for an adaptation of this speed meter to optical frequencies; this adaptation forms the basis for a possible LIGO-III interferometer that could beat the gravitational-wave standard quantum limit h_SQL, but perhaps only by a factor 1/xi = h_SQL/h ~ 3 (constrained by losses in the optics) and at the price of a very high circulating optical power --- larger by 1/xi^2 than that required to reach the SQL.
[ { "created": "Sat, 26 Jun 1999 02:18:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Braginsky", "Vladimir B.", "" ], [ "Gorodetsky", "Mikhail L.", "" ], [ "Khalili", "Farid Ya.", "" ], [ "Thorne", "Kip S.", "" ] ]
A description and analysis are given of a ``speed meter'' for monitoring a classical force that acts on a test mass. This speed meter is based on two microwave resonators (``dual resonators''), one of which couples evanescently to the position of the test mass. The sloshing of the resulting signal between the resonators, and a wise choice of where to place the resonators' output waveguide, produce a signal in the waveguide that (for sufficiently low frequencies) is proportional to the test-mass velocity (speed) rather than its position. This permits the speed meter to achieve force-measurement sensitivities better than the standard quantum limit (SQL), both when operating in a narrow-band mode and a wide-band mode. A scrutiny of experimental issues shows that it is feasible, with current technology, to construct a demonstration speed meter that beats the wide-band SQL by a factor 2. A concept is sketched for an adaptation of this speed meter to optical frequencies; this adaptation forms the basis for a possible LIGO-III interferometer that could beat the gravitational-wave standard quantum limit h_SQL, but perhaps only by a factor 1/xi = h_SQL/h ~ 3 (constrained by losses in the optics) and at the price of a very high circulating optical power --- larger by 1/xi^2 than that required to reach the SQL.
gr-qc/9709071
Hans-Juergen Schmidt
H.-J. Schmidt
A new proof of Birkhoff's theorem
17 pages, LaTeX, no figures, Grav. and Cosm. in print
Grav.Cosmol. 3 (1997) 185-190
null
Preprint UNIPO-MATH-97-September-25
gr-qc
null
Assuming SO(3)-spherical symmetry, the 4-dimensional Einstein equation reduces to an equation conformally related to the field equation for 2-dimensional gravity following from the Lagrangian L = R^(1/3). Solutions for 2-dimensional gravity always possess a local isometry because the traceless part of its Ricci tensor identically vanishes. Combining both facts, we get a new proof of Birkhoff's theorem; contrary to other proofs, no coordinates must be introduced. The SO(m)-spherically symmetric solutions of the (m+1)-dimensional Einstein equation can be found by considering L = R^(1/m) in two dimensions. This yields several generalizations of Birkhoff's theorem in an arbitrary number of dimensions, and to an arbitrary signature of the metric.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Sep 1997 15:54:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Schmidt", "H. -J.", "" ] ]
Assuming SO(3)-spherical symmetry, the 4-dimensional Einstein equation reduces to an equation conformally related to the field equation for 2-dimensional gravity following from the Lagrangian L = R^(1/3). Solutions for 2-dimensional gravity always possess a local isometry because the traceless part of its Ricci tensor identically vanishes. Combining both facts, we get a new proof of Birkhoff's theorem; contrary to other proofs, no coordinates must be introduced. The SO(m)-spherically symmetric solutions of the (m+1)-dimensional Einstein equation can be found by considering L = R^(1/m) in two dimensions. This yields several generalizations of Birkhoff's theorem in an arbitrary number of dimensions, and to an arbitrary signature of the metric.
2312.11419
Orlando Luongo
Alessio Belfiglio, Orlando Luongo, Stefano Mancini
Superhorizon entanglement from inflationary particle production
11 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate entanglement generation between the sub- and super-Hubble modes of inflaton fluctuations, in the context of particle production from perturbations during inflation. We consider a large-field inflationary scenario where inflation is driven by a vacuum energy symmetry breaking potential and the scalar inflaton field is nonminimally coupled to spacetime curvature. In particular, we focus on the slow-roll phase, adopting a quasi-de Sitter scale factor to properly account for the presence of perturbations and computing the pair production probability associated to the coupling between the inflaton and spacetime inhomogeneities. The interaction Lagrangian at first order is constructed from inhomogeneities induced by the inflaton dynamics, and the initial Bunch-Davies vacuum state of the field evolves under the action of such Lagrangian. In this framework, we quantify the total amount of entanglement via the von Neumann entropy of the reduced density operator for superhorizon modes, tracing out sub-Hubble degrees of freedom. We then compare these outcomes with entanglement production for quadratic chaotic inflation and for a small-field quadratic hilltop scenario, preserving field-curvature coupling in both cases and pointing out the main differences between large and small-field approaches. We show that the amount of entanglement entropy arising from such geometric production grows rapidly in slow-roll regime and that it is typically higher in large-field scenarios. We also discuss our outcomes in light of recent findings for the squeezing entropy of cosmological perturbations and cubic nonlinearities in de Sitter space.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Dec 2023 18:21:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-12-19
[ [ "Belfiglio", "Alessio", "" ], [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ], [ "Mancini", "Stefano", "" ] ]
We investigate entanglement generation between the sub- and super-Hubble modes of inflaton fluctuations, in the context of particle production from perturbations during inflation. We consider a large-field inflationary scenario where inflation is driven by a vacuum energy symmetry breaking potential and the scalar inflaton field is nonminimally coupled to spacetime curvature. In particular, we focus on the slow-roll phase, adopting a quasi-de Sitter scale factor to properly account for the presence of perturbations and computing the pair production probability associated to the coupling between the inflaton and spacetime inhomogeneities. The interaction Lagrangian at first order is constructed from inhomogeneities induced by the inflaton dynamics, and the initial Bunch-Davies vacuum state of the field evolves under the action of such Lagrangian. In this framework, we quantify the total amount of entanglement via the von Neumann entropy of the reduced density operator for superhorizon modes, tracing out sub-Hubble degrees of freedom. We then compare these outcomes with entanglement production for quadratic chaotic inflation and for a small-field quadratic hilltop scenario, preserving field-curvature coupling in both cases and pointing out the main differences between large and small-field approaches. We show that the amount of entanglement entropy arising from such geometric production grows rapidly in slow-roll regime and that it is typically higher in large-field scenarios. We also discuss our outcomes in light of recent findings for the squeezing entropy of cosmological perturbations and cubic nonlinearities in de Sitter space.
gr-qc/0305033
Wojciech Czaja
Marek Szydlowski, Wojciech Czaja
Particle-Like Description in Quintessential Cosmology
35 pages, 26 figures, RevTeX4, some applications of our treatment to investigation of quintessence models were added
Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 083518
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.083518
null
gr-qc
null
Assuming equation of state for quintessential matter: $p=w(z)\rho$, we analyse dynamical behaviour of the scale factor in FRW cosmologies. It is shown that its dynamics is formally equivalent to that of a classical particle under the action of 1D potential $V(a)$. It is shown that Hamiltonian method can be easily implemented to obtain a classification of all cosmological solutions in the phase space as well as in the configurational space. Examples taken from modern cosmology illustrate the effectiveness of the presented approach. Advantages of representing dynamics as a 1D Hamiltonian flow, in the analysis of acceleration and horizon problems, are presented. The inverse problem of reconstructing the Hamiltonian dynamics (i.e. potential function) from the luminosity distance function $d_{L}(z)$ for supernovae is also considered.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 May 2003 23:14:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 18 Jul 2003 10:00:39 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 16 Oct 2003 12:04:17 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Szydlowski", "Marek", "" ], [ "Czaja", "Wojciech", "" ] ]
Assuming equation of state for quintessential matter: $p=w(z)\rho$, we analyse dynamical behaviour of the scale factor in FRW cosmologies. It is shown that its dynamics is formally equivalent to that of a classical particle under the action of 1D potential $V(a)$. It is shown that Hamiltonian method can be easily implemented to obtain a classification of all cosmological solutions in the phase space as well as in the configurational space. Examples taken from modern cosmology illustrate the effectiveness of the presented approach. Advantages of representing dynamics as a 1D Hamiltonian flow, in the analysis of acceleration and horizon problems, are presented. The inverse problem of reconstructing the Hamiltonian dynamics (i.e. potential function) from the luminosity distance function $d_{L}(z)$ for supernovae is also considered.
1312.4532
Leo Stein
Leo C. Stein, Kent Yagi, and Nicolas Yunes
Three-Hair Relations for Rotating Stars: Nonrelativistic Limit
5 pages, 3 figures. Updated to match version published in ApJ
2014 ApJ 788 15
10.1088/0004-637X/788/1/15
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The gravitational field outside of astrophysical black holes is completely described by their mass and spin frequency, as expressed by the no-hair theorems. These theorems assume vacuum spacetimes, and thus they apply only to black holes and not to stars. Despite this, we analytically find that the gravitational potential of arbitrarily rapid rigidly rotating stars can still be described completely by only their mass, spin angular momentum, and quadrupole moment. Although these results are obtained in the nonrelativistic limit (to leading order in a weak-field expansion of general relativity, GR), they are also consistent with fully relativistic numerical calculations of rotating neutron stars. This description of the gravitational potential outside the source in terms of just three quantities is approximately universal (independent of equation of state). Such universality may be used to break degeneracies in pulsar and future gravitational wave observations to extract more physics and test GR in the strong-field regime.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Dec 2013 21:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 17 May 2014 15:55:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-05-20
[ [ "Stein", "Leo C.", "" ], [ "Yagi", "Kent", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ] ]
The gravitational field outside of astrophysical black holes is completely described by their mass and spin frequency, as expressed by the no-hair theorems. These theorems assume vacuum spacetimes, and thus they apply only to black holes and not to stars. Despite this, we analytically find that the gravitational potential of arbitrarily rapid rigidly rotating stars can still be described completely by only their mass, spin angular momentum, and quadrupole moment. Although these results are obtained in the nonrelativistic limit (to leading order in a weak-field expansion of general relativity, GR), they are also consistent with fully relativistic numerical calculations of rotating neutron stars. This description of the gravitational potential outside the source in terms of just three quantities is approximately universal (independent of equation of state). Such universality may be used to break degeneracies in pulsar and future gravitational wave observations to extract more physics and test GR in the strong-field regime.
1808.00847
Markus Rummel
C.P. Burgess, Ryan Plestid and Markus Rummel
Effective Field Theory of Black Hole Echoes
v3: clarified role of IR Black Hole fixed point w.r.t. parameter \xi. v2: now published in JHEP; references added, changed definition of time delay and phase in echo spacing
10.1007/JHEP09(2018)113
10.1007/JHEP09(2018)113
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational wave `echoes' during black-hole merging events have been advocated as possible signals of modifications to gravity in the strong-field (but semiclassical) regime. In these proposals the observable effect comes entirely from the appearance of nonzero reflection probability at the horizon, which vanishes for a standard black hole. We show how to apply EFT reasoning to these arguments, using and extending earlier work for localized systems that relates choices of boundary condition to the action for the physics responsible for these boundary conditions. EFT reasoning applied to this action argues that linear `Robin' boundary conditions dominate at low energies, and we determine the relationship between the corresponding effective coupling (whose value is the one relevant low-energy prediction of particular modifications to General Relativity for these systems) and the phenomenologically measurable near-horizon reflection coefficient. Because this connection involves only near-horizon physics it is comparatively simple to establish, and we do so for perturbations in both the Schwarzschild geometry (which is the one most often studied theoretically) and the Kerr geometry (which is the one of observational interest for post-merger ring down). In passing we identify the renormalization-group evolution of the effective couplings as a function of a regularization distance from the horizon, that enforces how physics does not depend on the precise position where the boundary conditions are imposed. We show that the perfect-absorber/perfect-emitter boundary conditions of General Relativity correspond to the only fixed points of this evolution. Nontrivial running of all other RG evolution reflects how modifications to gravity necessarily introduce new physics near the horizon.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Aug 2018 15:04:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Sep 2018 11:02:19 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 31 May 2020 00:13:47 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-06-02
[ [ "Burgess", "C. P.", "" ], [ "Plestid", "Ryan", "" ], [ "Rummel", "Markus", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave `echoes' during black-hole merging events have been advocated as possible signals of modifications to gravity in the strong-field (but semiclassical) regime. In these proposals the observable effect comes entirely from the appearance of nonzero reflection probability at the horizon, which vanishes for a standard black hole. We show how to apply EFT reasoning to these arguments, using and extending earlier work for localized systems that relates choices of boundary condition to the action for the physics responsible for these boundary conditions. EFT reasoning applied to this action argues that linear `Robin' boundary conditions dominate at low energies, and we determine the relationship between the corresponding effective coupling (whose value is the one relevant low-energy prediction of particular modifications to General Relativity for these systems) and the phenomenologically measurable near-horizon reflection coefficient. Because this connection involves only near-horizon physics it is comparatively simple to establish, and we do so for perturbations in both the Schwarzschild geometry (which is the one most often studied theoretically) and the Kerr geometry (which is the one of observational interest for post-merger ring down). In passing we identify the renormalization-group evolution of the effective couplings as a function of a regularization distance from the horizon, that enforces how physics does not depend on the precise position where the boundary conditions are imposed. We show that the perfect-absorber/perfect-emitter boundary conditions of General Relativity correspond to the only fixed points of this evolution. Nontrivial running of all other RG evolution reflects how modifications to gravity necessarily introduce new physics near the horizon.
gr-qc/0305009
Alberto Saa
L.R. Abramo, L. Brenig, E. Gunzig, and A. Saa
A note on dualities in Einstein's gravity in the presence of a non-minimally coupled scalar field
12 pages
Mod.Phys.Lett. A18 (2003) 1043
10.1142/S0217732303010958
null
gr-qc
null
We show that the action of Einstein's gravity with a scalar field coupled in a generic way to spacetime curvature is invariant under a particular set of conformal transformations. These transformations relate dual theories for which the effective couplings of the theory are scaled uniformly. In the simplest case, this class of dualities reduce to the S-duality of low-energy effective action of string theory.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 May 2003 17:05:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Abramo", "L. R.", "" ], [ "Brenig", "L.", "" ], [ "Gunzig", "E.", "" ], [ "Saa", "A.", "" ] ]
We show that the action of Einstein's gravity with a scalar field coupled in a generic way to spacetime curvature is invariant under a particular set of conformal transformations. These transformations relate dual theories for which the effective couplings of the theory are scaled uniformly. In the simplest case, this class of dualities reduce to the S-duality of low-energy effective action of string theory.
1903.08251
Foad Parsaei
Foad Parsaei and Sara Rastgoo
Asymptotically flat wormhole solutions with variable equation-of-state parameter
11 pages, 10 figures, two new solutions, NEC violation discussion and references added
Phys. Rev. D 99, 104037 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.104037
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study exact wormhole solutions in the framework of general relativity with a general equation of state that reduced to a linear equation of state asymptotically. By considering a special shape function, we find classes of solutions which are asymptotically flat. We study the violation of NEC as the main ingredient in the wormhole physics. We investigate the possibility of finding wormhole solutions with asymptotically different state parameter. We show that in principle, wormhole with vanishing redshift function and the selected shape function, cannot satisfy NEC at large infinity. We present solutions which have the positive total amount of mater in the "volume integral quantifier" method. For this class of solutions, fluid near the wormhole throat is in the phantom regime and at some $r=r_{2}$, the phantom regime is connected to a dark energy regime. Thus, we need small amount of exotic matter to construct wormhole solutions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Mar 2019 20:39:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 18 Apr 2019 10:02:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-22
[ [ "Parsaei", "Foad", "" ], [ "Rastgoo", "Sara", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study exact wormhole solutions in the framework of general relativity with a general equation of state that reduced to a linear equation of state asymptotically. By considering a special shape function, we find classes of solutions which are asymptotically flat. We study the violation of NEC as the main ingredient in the wormhole physics. We investigate the possibility of finding wormhole solutions with asymptotically different state parameter. We show that in principle, wormhole with vanishing redshift function and the selected shape function, cannot satisfy NEC at large infinity. We present solutions which have the positive total amount of mater in the "volume integral quantifier" method. For this class of solutions, fluid near the wormhole throat is in the phantom regime and at some $r=r_{2}$, the phantom regime is connected to a dark energy regime. Thus, we need small amount of exotic matter to construct wormhole solutions.
1206.2658
Antonin Coutant
Antonin Coutant, Alessandro Fabbri, Renaud Parentani, Roberto Balbinot and Paul Anderson
Hawking radiation of massive modes and undulations
37 pages, 8 figures, published version
Phys. Rev. D 86, 064022 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.064022
null
gr-qc cond-mat.quant-gas hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compute the analogue Hawking radiation for modes which posses a small wave vector perpendicular to the horizon. For low frequencies, the resulting mass term induces a total reflection. This generates an extra mode mixing that occurs in the supersonic region, which cancels out the infrared divergence of the near horizon spectrum. As a result, the amplitude of the undulation (0-frequency wave with macroscopic amplitude) emitted in white hole flows now saturates at the linear level, unlike what was recently found in the massless case. In addition, we point out that the mass introduces a new type of undulation which is produced in black hole flows, and which is well described in the hydrodynamical regime.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Jun 2012 20:15:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Oct 2012 16:40:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-10-05
[ [ "Coutant", "Antonin", "" ], [ "Fabbri", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Parentani", "Renaud", "" ], [ "Balbinot", "Roberto", "" ], [ "Anderson", "Paul", "" ] ]
We compute the analogue Hawking radiation for modes which posses a small wave vector perpendicular to the horizon. For low frequencies, the resulting mass term induces a total reflection. This generates an extra mode mixing that occurs in the supersonic region, which cancels out the infrared divergence of the near horizon spectrum. As a result, the amplitude of the undulation (0-frequency wave with macroscopic amplitude) emitted in white hole flows now saturates at the linear level, unlike what was recently found in the massless case. In addition, we point out that the mass introduces a new type of undulation which is produced in black hole flows, and which is well described in the hydrodynamical regime.
1406.2181
Cosimo Bambi
Cosimo Bambi, Daniele Malafarina, Naoki Tsukamoto
Note on the effect of a massive accretion disk in the measurements of black hole spins
5 pages, 2 figures. v2: corrected a few typos
Phys. Rev. D 89, 127302 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.127302
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The spin measurement of black holes has important implications in physics and astrophysics. Regardless of the specific technique to estimate the black hole spin, all the current approaches assume that the space-time geometry around the compact object is exactly described by the Kerr solution. This is clearly an approximation, because the Kerr metric is a stationary solution of the vacuum Einstein equations. In this paper, we estimate the effect of a massive accretion disk in the measurement of the black hole spin with a simple analytical model. For typical accretion disks, the mass of the disk is completely negligible, even for future more accurate measurements. However, for systems with very massive disks the effect may not be ignored.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Jun 2014 13:46:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 Jun 2014 21:20:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-02
[ [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ], [ "Malafarina", "Daniele", "" ], [ "Tsukamoto", "Naoki", "" ] ]
The spin measurement of black holes has important implications in physics and astrophysics. Regardless of the specific technique to estimate the black hole spin, all the current approaches assume that the space-time geometry around the compact object is exactly described by the Kerr solution. This is clearly an approximation, because the Kerr metric is a stationary solution of the vacuum Einstein equations. In this paper, we estimate the effect of a massive accretion disk in the measurement of the black hole spin with a simple analytical model. For typical accretion disks, the mass of the disk is completely negligible, even for future more accurate measurements. However, for systems with very massive disks the effect may not be ignored.
0806.3735
Atsushi Higuchi
Mir Faizal and Atsushi Higuchi
On the FP-ghost propagators for Yang-Mills theories and perturbative quantum gravity in the covariant gauge in de Sitter spacetime
8 pages, to appear in Phys Rev D
Phys.Rev.D78:067502,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.067502
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The propagators of the Faddeev-Popov (FP) ghosts for Yang-Mills theories and perturbative quantum gravity in the covariant gauge are infrared (IR) divergent in de Sitter spacetime. We point out, however, that the modes responsible for these divergences will not contribute to loop diagrams in computations of time-ordered products in either Yang-Mills theories or perturbative quantum gravity. Therefore we propose that the IR divergent FP-ghost propagator should be regularized by a small mass term that is sent to zero in the end of any perturbative calculations. This proposal is equivalent to using the effective FP-ghost propagators, which we present in an explicit form, obtained by removing the modes responsible for the IR divergences. We also make some comments on the corresponding propagators in anti-de Sitter spacetime.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Jun 2008 18:59:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Jul 2008 22:37:13 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Sep 2008 21:03:36 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Faizal", "Mir", "" ], [ "Higuchi", "Atsushi", "" ] ]
The propagators of the Faddeev-Popov (FP) ghosts for Yang-Mills theories and perturbative quantum gravity in the covariant gauge are infrared (IR) divergent in de Sitter spacetime. We point out, however, that the modes responsible for these divergences will not contribute to loop diagrams in computations of time-ordered products in either Yang-Mills theories or perturbative quantum gravity. Therefore we propose that the IR divergent FP-ghost propagator should be regularized by a small mass term that is sent to zero in the end of any perturbative calculations. This proposal is equivalent to using the effective FP-ghost propagators, which we present in an explicit form, obtained by removing the modes responsible for the IR divergences. We also make some comments on the corresponding propagators in anti-de Sitter spacetime.
2406.09139
Boris Daszuta
Boris Daszuta, William Cook, Peter Hammond, Jacob Fields, Eduardo M. Guti\'errez, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, David Radice
Numerical relativity simulations of compact binaries: comparison of cell- and vertex-centered adaptive meshes
null
null
null
null
gr-qc physics.comp-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Given the compact binary evolution problem of numerical relativity, in the finite-difference, block-based, adaptive mesh refinement context, choices must be made on how evolved fields are to be discretized. In GR-Athena++, the space-time solver was previously fixed to be vertex-centered. Here, our recent extensions to a cell-centered treatment, are described. Simplifications in the handling of variables during the treatment of general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical (GRMHD) evolution are found. A novelty is that performance comparison for the two choices of grid sampling is made within a single code-base. In the case of a binary black hole inspiral-merger problem, by evolving geometric fields on vertex-centers, an average $\sim 20\%$ speed increase is observed, when compared against cell-centered sampling. The opposite occurs in the GRMHD setting. A binary neutron star inspiral-merger-collapse problem, representative of typical production simulations is considered. We find that cell-centered sampling for the space-time solver improves performance, by a similar factor.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Jun 2024 14:08:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-14
[ [ "Daszuta", "Boris", "" ], [ "Cook", "William", "" ], [ "Hammond", "Peter", "" ], [ "Fields", "Jacob", "" ], [ "Gutiérrez", "Eduardo M.", "" ], [ "Bernuzzi", "Sebastiano", "" ], [ "Radice", "David", "" ] ]
Given the compact binary evolution problem of numerical relativity, in the finite-difference, block-based, adaptive mesh refinement context, choices must be made on how evolved fields are to be discretized. In GR-Athena++, the space-time solver was previously fixed to be vertex-centered. Here, our recent extensions to a cell-centered treatment, are described. Simplifications in the handling of variables during the treatment of general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical (GRMHD) evolution are found. A novelty is that performance comparison for the two choices of grid sampling is made within a single code-base. In the case of a binary black hole inspiral-merger problem, by evolving geometric fields on vertex-centers, an average $\sim 20\%$ speed increase is observed, when compared against cell-centered sampling. The opposite occurs in the GRMHD setting. A binary neutron star inspiral-merger-collapse problem, representative of typical production simulations is considered. We find that cell-centered sampling for the space-time solver improves performance, by a similar factor.
gr-qc/0010051
Alena Pravdova
V. Pravda, A. Pravdova
Co-accelerated particles in the C-metric
10 pages, 12 EPS figures, changes mainly in abstract & introduction
Class.Quant.Grav.18:1205-1216,2001
10.1088/0264-9381/18/7/305
null
gr-qc
null
With appropriately chosen parameters, the C-metric represents two uniformly accelerated black holes moving in the opposite directions on the axis of the axial symmetry (the z-axis). The acceleration is caused by nodal singularities located on the z-axis. In the~present paper, geodesics in the~C-metric are examined. In general there exist three types of timelike or null geodesics in the C-metric: geodesics describing particles 1) falling under the black hole horizon; 2)crossing the acceleration horizon; and 3) orbiting around the z-axis and co-accelerating with the black holes. Using an effective potential, it can be shown that there exist stable timelike geodesics of the third type if the product of the parameters of the C-metric, mA, is smaller than a certain critical value. Null geodesics of the third type are always unstable. Special timelike and null geodesics of the third type are also found in an analytical form.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Oct 2000 12:11:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Oct 2000 15:09:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Pravda", "V.", "" ], [ "Pravdova", "A.", "" ] ]
With appropriately chosen parameters, the C-metric represents two uniformly accelerated black holes moving in the opposite directions on the axis of the axial symmetry (the z-axis). The acceleration is caused by nodal singularities located on the z-axis. In the~present paper, geodesics in the~C-metric are examined. In general there exist three types of timelike or null geodesics in the C-metric: geodesics describing particles 1) falling under the black hole horizon; 2)crossing the acceleration horizon; and 3) orbiting around the z-axis and co-accelerating with the black holes. Using an effective potential, it can be shown that there exist stable timelike geodesics of the third type if the product of the parameters of the C-metric, mA, is smaller than a certain critical value. Null geodesics of the third type are always unstable. Special timelike and null geodesics of the third type are also found in an analytical form.
gr-qc/9601001
Masaru Siino
Masaru Siino
Quantum Stability of (2+1)-Spacetimes with Non-Trivial Topology
17 pages, revtex, 3 uuencoded figures contained
Class.Quant.Grav. 14 (1997) 687-697
10.1088/0264-9381/14/3/012
null
gr-qc
null
Quantum fields are investigated in the (2+1)-open-universes with non-trivial topologies by the method of images. The universes are locally de Sitter spacetime and anti-de Sitter spacetime. In the present article we study spacetimes whose spatial topologies are a torus with a cusp and a sphere with three cusps as a step toward the more general case. A quantum energy momentum tensor is obtained by the point stripping method. Though the cusps are no singularities, the latter cusps cause the divergence of the quantum field. This suggests that only the latter cusps are quantum mechanically unstable. Of course at the singularity of the background spacetime the quantum field diverges. Also the possibility of the divergence of topological effect by a negative spatial curvature is discussed. Since the volume of the negatively curved space is larger than that of the flat space, one see so many images of a single source by the non-trivial topology. It is confirmed that this divergence does not appear in our models of topologies. The results will be applicable to the case of three dimensional multi black hole\cite{BR}.
[ { "created": "Mon, 1 Jan 1996 13:31:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Siino", "Masaru", "" ] ]
Quantum fields are investigated in the (2+1)-open-universes with non-trivial topologies by the method of images. The universes are locally de Sitter spacetime and anti-de Sitter spacetime. In the present article we study spacetimes whose spatial topologies are a torus with a cusp and a sphere with three cusps as a step toward the more general case. A quantum energy momentum tensor is obtained by the point stripping method. Though the cusps are no singularities, the latter cusps cause the divergence of the quantum field. This suggests that only the latter cusps are quantum mechanically unstable. Of course at the singularity of the background spacetime the quantum field diverges. Also the possibility of the divergence of topological effect by a negative spatial curvature is discussed. Since the volume of the negatively curved space is larger than that of the flat space, one see so many images of a single source by the non-trivial topology. It is confirmed that this divergence does not appear in our models of topologies. The results will be applicable to the case of three dimensional multi black hole\cite{BR}.
0707.2824
Mikolaj Korzynski
Mikolaj Korzynski
Quasi--local angular momentum of non--symmetric isolated and dynamical horizons from the conformal decomposition of the metric
Final version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity. One reference added
Class.Quant.Grav.24:5935-5944,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/23/015
null
gr-qc
null
A new definition of quasi--local angular momentum of non--axisymmetric marginally outer trapped surfaces is proposed. It is based on conformal decomposition of the two--dimensional metric and the action of the group of conformal symmetries. The definition is completely general and agrees with the standard one in axi--symmetric surfaces.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Jul 2007 00:37:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Jul 2007 22:55:15 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Oct 2007 22:01:10 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Oct 2007 10:20:20 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Korzynski", "Mikolaj", "" ] ]
A new definition of quasi--local angular momentum of non--axisymmetric marginally outer trapped surfaces is proposed. It is based on conformal decomposition of the two--dimensional metric and the action of the group of conformal symmetries. The definition is completely general and agrees with the standard one in axi--symmetric surfaces.
gr-qc/9709010
Herbert Liebl
M.O. Katanaev, W. Kummer, H. Liebl, D.V. Vassilevich
Generalized 2d-dilaton models, the true black hole and quantum integrability
26 pages, latex, no figures
null
null
TUW-97-10
gr-qc
null
All 1+1 dimensional dipheomorphism-invariant models can be viewed in a unified manner. This includes also general dilaton theories and especially spherically symmetric gravity (SSG) and Witten's dilatonic black hole (DBH). A common feature --- also in the presence of matter fields of any type --- is the appearance of an absolutely conserved quantity C which is determined by the influx of matter. Only for a subclass of generalized dilaton theories the singularity structure vanishes together with C. Such `physical' theories include, of course, SSG and DBH. It seems to have been overlooked until recently that the (classical) 'black hole' singularity of the DBH deviates from SSG in a physically nontrivial manner. At the quantum level for all generalized dilaton theories --- in the absence of matter --- the local quantum effects are shown to disappear. This enables us to compute e.g. the second loop order correction to the Polyakov term. For non-minimal scalar coupling we also believe to have settled the controversial issue of Hawking radiation to infinity with a somewhat puzzling result for the case of SSG.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Sep 1997 11:12:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Katanaev", "M. O.", "" ], [ "Kummer", "W.", "" ], [ "Liebl", "H.", "" ], [ "Vassilevich", "D. V.", "" ] ]
All 1+1 dimensional dipheomorphism-invariant models can be viewed in a unified manner. This includes also general dilaton theories and especially spherically symmetric gravity (SSG) and Witten's dilatonic black hole (DBH). A common feature --- also in the presence of matter fields of any type --- is the appearance of an absolutely conserved quantity C which is determined by the influx of matter. Only for a subclass of generalized dilaton theories the singularity structure vanishes together with C. Such `physical' theories include, of course, SSG and DBH. It seems to have been overlooked until recently that the (classical) 'black hole' singularity of the DBH deviates from SSG in a physically nontrivial manner. At the quantum level for all generalized dilaton theories --- in the absence of matter --- the local quantum effects are shown to disappear. This enables us to compute e.g. the second loop order correction to the Polyakov term. For non-minimal scalar coupling we also believe to have settled the controversial issue of Hawking radiation to infinity with a somewhat puzzling result for the case of SSG.
1104.4414
Mark Durkee
Mark Durkee
New approaches to higher-dimensional general relativity
PhD thesis (University of Cambridge, submitted Jan 2011), 226 pages, 7 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This PhD thesis contains a collection of work related to the algebraic classification of spacetimes in higher dimensions, including an up-to-date review of various aspects of the field. The work discussed includes the higher-dimensional Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism, a partial generalization of the Goldberg-Sachs theorem to higher-dimensions, and applications of these results to studying the stability of extremal black holes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Apr 2011 09:09:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-19
[ [ "Durkee", "Mark", "" ] ]
This PhD thesis contains a collection of work related to the algebraic classification of spacetimes in higher dimensions, including an up-to-date review of various aspects of the field. The work discussed includes the higher-dimensional Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism, a partial generalization of the Goldberg-Sachs theorem to higher-dimensions, and applications of these results to studying the stability of extremal black holes.
1508.01114
Kirill Bronnikov
K.A. Bronnikov, A.M. Galiakhmetov
Wormholes without exotic matter in Einstein-Cartan theory
7 pages, 3 figures
Grav. Cosmol, 21 (4) 283-288 (2015)
10.1134/S0202289315040027
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the possible existence of static traversable wormholes without invoking exotic matter in the framework of the Einstein--Cartan theory. A family of exact static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions with an arbitrary throat radius, with flat or AdS asymptotic behavior, has been obtained with sources in the form of two noninteracting scalar fields with nonzero potentials. Both scalar fields are canonical (that is, satisfy the weak energy condition), one is minimally and the other nonminimally coupled to gravity, and the latter is a source of torsion.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Aug 2015 16:05:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-03-30
[ [ "Bronnikov", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Galiakhmetov", "A. M.", "" ] ]
We study the possible existence of static traversable wormholes without invoking exotic matter in the framework of the Einstein--Cartan theory. A family of exact static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions with an arbitrary throat radius, with flat or AdS asymptotic behavior, has been obtained with sources in the form of two noninteracting scalar fields with nonzero potentials. Both scalar fields are canonical (that is, satisfy the weak energy condition), one is minimally and the other nonminimally coupled to gravity, and the latter is a source of torsion.
1410.7527
Seyed Hossein Hendi Dr.
S. H. Hendi
(2+1)-dimensional solutions in $F(R)$ gravity
10 pages, no figure, accepted in IJTP
Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53 (2014) 4170-4181
10.1007/s10773-014-2168-8
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by the well-known charged BTZ black holes, we look for $(2+1)$-dimensional solutions of $F(R)$ gravity. At first we investigate some near horizon solutions and after that we obtain asymptotically Lifshitz black hole solutions. Finally, we discuss about rotating black holes with exponential form of $F(R)$ theory.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Oct 2014 06:06:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-07-13
[ [ "Hendi", "S. H.", "" ] ]
Motivated by the well-known charged BTZ black holes, we look for $(2+1)$-dimensional solutions of $F(R)$ gravity. At first we investigate some near horizon solutions and after that we obtain asymptotically Lifshitz black hole solutions. Finally, we discuss about rotating black holes with exponential form of $F(R)$ theory.
1808.09244
Ulf Leonhardt
Jonathan Drori, Yuval Rosenberg, David Bermudez, Yaron Silberberg, Ulf Leonhardt
Observation of Stimulated Hawking Radiation in Optics
null
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 010404 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.010404
null
gr-qc physics.optics
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The theory of Hawking radiation can be tested in laboratory analogues of black holes. We use light pulses in nonlinear fiber optics to establish artificial event horizons. Each pulse generates a moving perturbation of the refractive index via the Kerr effect. Probe light perceives this as an event horizon when its group velocity, slowed down by the perturbation, matches the speed of the pulse. We have observed in our experiment that the probe stimulates Hawking radiation, which occurs in a regime of extreme nonlinear fiber optics where positive and negative frequencies mix.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Aug 2018 12:06:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Sep 2018 05:45:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Nov 2018 12:13:22 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Jan 2019 11:11:05 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2019-01-16
[ [ "Drori", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Rosenberg", "Yuval", "" ], [ "Bermudez", "David", "" ], [ "Silberberg", "Yaron", "" ], [ "Leonhardt", "Ulf", "" ] ]
The theory of Hawking radiation can be tested in laboratory analogues of black holes. We use light pulses in nonlinear fiber optics to establish artificial event horizons. Each pulse generates a moving perturbation of the refractive index via the Kerr effect. Probe light perceives this as an event horizon when its group velocity, slowed down by the perturbation, matches the speed of the pulse. We have observed in our experiment that the probe stimulates Hawking radiation, which occurs in a regime of extreme nonlinear fiber optics where positive and negative frequencies mix.
2204.01748
Shahar Hod
Shahar Hod
Non-equatorial scalar rings supported by magnetized Schwarzschild-Melvin black holes
7 pages
Physical Review D 105, 084056 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.084056
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
It has recently been demonstrated that magnetized black holes in composed Einstein-Maxwell-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet field theories with a non-minimal negative coupling of the scalar field to the Gauss-Bonnet curvature invariant may support spatially regular scalar hairy configurations. In particular, it has been revealed that, for Schwarzschild-Melvin black-hole spacetimes, the onset of the near-horizon spontaneous scalarization phenomenon is marked by the numerically computed dimensionless critical relation $(BM)_{\text{crit}}\simeq0.971$, where $\{M,B\}$ are respectively the mass and the magnetic field of the spacetime. In the present paper we prove, using analytical techniques, that the boundary between bald Schwarzschild-Melvin black-hole spacetimes and hairy (scalarized) black-hole solutions of the composed Einstein-Maxwell-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory is characterized by the exact dimensionless relation $(BM)_{\text{crit}}=\sqrt{{{\sqrt{6}-2}\over{2\sqrt{6}}}+\sqrt{{{\sqrt{6}-1}\over{2}}}}$ for the critical magnetic strength. Intriguingly, we prove that the critical dimensionless magnetic parameter $(BM)_{\text{crit}}$ corresponds to magnetized black holes that support a pair of linearized non-minimally coupled thin scalar rings that are characterized by the non-equatorial polar angular relation $(\sin^2\theta)_{\text{scalar-ring}}={{690-72\sqrt{6}+4\sqrt{3258\sqrt{6}-7158}}\over{789}}<1$. It is also proved that the classically allowed angular region for the negative-coupling near-horizon spontaneous scalarization phenomenon of magnetized Schwarzschild-Melvin spacetimes is restricted to the black-hole poles, $\sin^2\theta_{\text{scalar}}\to0$, in the asymptotic large-strength magnetic regime $BM\gg1$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Apr 2022 18:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-11
[ [ "Hod", "Shahar", "" ] ]
It has recently been demonstrated that magnetized black holes in composed Einstein-Maxwell-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet field theories with a non-minimal negative coupling of the scalar field to the Gauss-Bonnet curvature invariant may support spatially regular scalar hairy configurations. In particular, it has been revealed that, for Schwarzschild-Melvin black-hole spacetimes, the onset of the near-horizon spontaneous scalarization phenomenon is marked by the numerically computed dimensionless critical relation $(BM)_{\text{crit}}\simeq0.971$, where $\{M,B\}$ are respectively the mass and the magnetic field of the spacetime. In the present paper we prove, using analytical techniques, that the boundary between bald Schwarzschild-Melvin black-hole spacetimes and hairy (scalarized) black-hole solutions of the composed Einstein-Maxwell-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory is characterized by the exact dimensionless relation $(BM)_{\text{crit}}=\sqrt{{{\sqrt{6}-2}\over{2\sqrt{6}}}+\sqrt{{{\sqrt{6}-1}\over{2}}}}$ for the critical magnetic strength. Intriguingly, we prove that the critical dimensionless magnetic parameter $(BM)_{\text{crit}}$ corresponds to magnetized black holes that support a pair of linearized non-minimally coupled thin scalar rings that are characterized by the non-equatorial polar angular relation $(\sin^2\theta)_{\text{scalar-ring}}={{690-72\sqrt{6}+4\sqrt{3258\sqrt{6}-7158}}\over{789}}<1$. It is also proved that the classically allowed angular region for the negative-coupling near-horizon spontaneous scalarization phenomenon of magnetized Schwarzschild-Melvin spacetimes is restricted to the black-hole poles, $\sin^2\theta_{\text{scalar}}\to0$, in the asymptotic large-strength magnetic regime $BM\gg1$.
gr-qc/0411081
Sergio Dain
Sergio Dain
Elliptic systems
23 pages, latex, uses svmult.cls style file (included). To appear in the Proceeding of the March-2004 Heraeus Seminar in Bad Honnef
Lect.Notes Phys. 692 (2006) 117-139
10.1007/11550259_6
null
gr-qc
null
In this article I will review some basic results on elliptic boundary value problems with applications to General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Nov 2004 13:51:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Dain", "Sergio", "" ] ]
In this article I will review some basic results on elliptic boundary value problems with applications to General Relativity.
1107.5036
Dan Solomon
Dan Solomon
Comparing two methods of regularization of the kinetic energy density
Added an extra section. 15 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we will compare two different methods of regularizing the kinetic energy density for a massless scalar field in the presence of a static scalar potential. One method of regularization is to subtract the cosmological constant from the "naive" expression for the kinetic energy density. The other method is to use point split regularization. It is found that the two methods yield different results. The result obtained using point split regularization includes an extra ambiguous term.
[ { "created": "Sun, 24 Jul 2011 12:58:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 Aug 2011 00:52:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-08-11
[ [ "Solomon", "Dan", "" ] ]
In this paper we will compare two different methods of regularizing the kinetic energy density for a massless scalar field in the presence of a static scalar potential. One method of regularization is to subtract the cosmological constant from the "naive" expression for the kinetic energy density. The other method is to use point split regularization. It is found that the two methods yield different results. The result obtained using point split regularization includes an extra ambiguous term.
1901.08988
Adria Delhom
Jose Beltr\'an Jim\'enez and Adria Delhom
Ghosts in metric-affine higher order curvature gravity
7 pages
Eur.Phys.J. C79 (2019) no.8, 656
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7149-x
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We disprove the widespread belief that higher order curvature theories of gravity in the metric-affine formalism are generally ghost-free. This is clarified by considering a sub-class of theories constructed only with the Ricci tensor and showing that the non-projectively invariant sector propagates ghost-like degrees of freedom. We also explain how these pathologies can be avoided either by imposing a projective symmetry or additional constraints in the gravity sector. Our results put forward that higher order curvature gravity theories generally remain pathological in the metric-affine (and hybrid) formalisms and highlight the key importance of the projective symmetry and/or additional constraints for their physical viability and, by extension, of general metric-affine theories.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Jan 2019 17:06:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Aug 2019 12:46:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-08-21
[ [ "Jiménez", "Jose Beltrán", "" ], [ "Delhom", "Adria", "" ] ]
We disprove the widespread belief that higher order curvature theories of gravity in the metric-affine formalism are generally ghost-free. This is clarified by considering a sub-class of theories constructed only with the Ricci tensor and showing that the non-projectively invariant sector propagates ghost-like degrees of freedom. We also explain how these pathologies can be avoided either by imposing a projective symmetry or additional constraints in the gravity sector. Our results put forward that higher order curvature gravity theories generally remain pathological in the metric-affine (and hybrid) formalisms and highlight the key importance of the projective symmetry and/or additional constraints for their physical viability and, by extension, of general metric-affine theories.
2311.07456
Adrian Abac
Adrian Abac, Tim Dietrich, Alessandra Buonanno, Jan Steinhoff and Maximiliano Ujevic
New and Robust Gravitational-Waveform Model for High-Mass-Ratio Binary Neutron Star Systems with Dynamical Tidal Effects
null
Phys. Rev. D 109, 024062 (2024)
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.024062
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
For the analysis of gravitational-wave signals, fast and accurate gravitational-waveform models are required. These enable us to obtain information on the system properties from compact binary mergers. In this article, we introduce the NRTidalv3 model, which contains a closed-form expression that describes tidal effects, focusing on the description of binary neutron star systems. The model improves upon previous versions by employing a larger set of numerical-relativity data for its calibration, by including high-mass ratio systems covering also a wider range of equations of state. It also takes into account dynamical tidal effects and the known post-Newtonian mass-ratio dependence of individual calibration parameters. We implemented the model in the publicly available LALSuite software library by augmenting different binary black hole waveform models (IMRPhenomD, IMRPhenomX, and SEOBNRv5_ROM). We test the validity of NRTidalv3 by comparing it with numerical-relativity waveforms, as well as other tidal models. Finally, we perform parameter estimation for GW170817 and GW190425 with the new tidal approximant and find overall consistent results with respect to previous studies.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Nov 2023 16:41:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Jul 2024 08:23:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-17
[ [ "Abac", "Adrian", "" ], [ "Dietrich", "Tim", "" ], [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ], [ "Steinhoff", "Jan", "" ], [ "Ujevic", "Maximiliano", "" ] ]
For the analysis of gravitational-wave signals, fast and accurate gravitational-waveform models are required. These enable us to obtain information on the system properties from compact binary mergers. In this article, we introduce the NRTidalv3 model, which contains a closed-form expression that describes tidal effects, focusing on the description of binary neutron star systems. The model improves upon previous versions by employing a larger set of numerical-relativity data for its calibration, by including high-mass ratio systems covering also a wider range of equations of state. It also takes into account dynamical tidal effects and the known post-Newtonian mass-ratio dependence of individual calibration parameters. We implemented the model in the publicly available LALSuite software library by augmenting different binary black hole waveform models (IMRPhenomD, IMRPhenomX, and SEOBNRv5_ROM). We test the validity of NRTidalv3 by comparing it with numerical-relativity waveforms, as well as other tidal models. Finally, we perform parameter estimation for GW170817 and GW190425 with the new tidal approximant and find overall consistent results with respect to previous studies.
2206.14714
Alexander Zhidenko
R. A. Konoplya, A. F. Zinhailo, J. Kunz, Z. Stuchlik, A. Zhidenko
Quasinormal ringing of regular black holes in asymptotically safe gravity: the importance of overtones
20 pages, 7 figures
JCAP 10 (2022) 091
10.1088/1475-7516/2022/10/091
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Asymptotically safe gravity is based on the idea that the main contribution to the Schwarzschild-like black hole spacetime is due to the value of the gravitational coupling which depends on the distance from the origin and approaches its classical value in the far zone. However, at some stage this approach has an arbitrariness of choice of some identification parameter. The two cases of identification are considered here: first, by the modified proper length (the Bonanno-Reuter metric), and second, by the Kretschmann scalar (the metric for this case coincides, up to the redefinition of constants, with the Hayward metric). Even though the quasinormal modes of these metrics have been extensively studied, a number of interesting points were missed. We have found that quasinormal modes are qualitatively similar for both types of identification. The deviation of the fundamental mode from its Schwarzschild limit may be a few times larger than it was claimed in the previous studies. The striking deviation from the Schwarzschild limit occurs for overtones, being as large as hundreds of percent even when the fundamental mode is almost coinciding with the Schwarzschild one. This happens because the above metrics are very close to the Schwarzschild one everywhere, except a small region near the event horizon, which is crucial for overtones. The spectrum of both metrics contains purely imaginary (non-oscillatory) modes, which, for some values of parameters, can appear already at the second overtone.
[ { "created": "Wed, 29 Jun 2022 15:22:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 Oct 2022 02:35:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-11-01
[ [ "Konoplya", "R. A.", "" ], [ "Zinhailo", "A. F.", "" ], [ "Kunz", "J.", "" ], [ "Stuchlik", "Z.", "" ], [ "Zhidenko", "A.", "" ] ]
Asymptotically safe gravity is based on the idea that the main contribution to the Schwarzschild-like black hole spacetime is due to the value of the gravitational coupling which depends on the distance from the origin and approaches its classical value in the far zone. However, at some stage this approach has an arbitrariness of choice of some identification parameter. The two cases of identification are considered here: first, by the modified proper length (the Bonanno-Reuter metric), and second, by the Kretschmann scalar (the metric for this case coincides, up to the redefinition of constants, with the Hayward metric). Even though the quasinormal modes of these metrics have been extensively studied, a number of interesting points were missed. We have found that quasinormal modes are qualitatively similar for both types of identification. The deviation of the fundamental mode from its Schwarzschild limit may be a few times larger than it was claimed in the previous studies. The striking deviation from the Schwarzschild limit occurs for overtones, being as large as hundreds of percent even when the fundamental mode is almost coinciding with the Schwarzschild one. This happens because the above metrics are very close to the Schwarzschild one everywhere, except a small region near the event horizon, which is crucial for overtones. The spectrum of both metrics contains purely imaginary (non-oscillatory) modes, which, for some values of parameters, can appear already at the second overtone.
1102.2090
Yuta Yamada
Yuta Yamada, Hisa-aki Shinkai
Formation of naked singularities in five-dimensional space-time
5 pages, 5 figures, To be published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D83:064006,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.064006
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We numerically investigate the gravitational collapse of collisionless particles in spheroidal configurations both in four and five-dimensional (5D) space-time. We repeat the simulation performed by Shapiro and Teukolsky (1991) that announced an appearance of a naked singularity, and also find that the similar results in 5D version. That is, in a collapse of a highly prolate spindle, the Kretschmann invariant blows up outside the matter and no apparent horizon forms. We also find that the collapses in 5D proceed rapidly than in 4D, and the critical prolateness for appearance of apparent horizon in 5D is loosened compared to 4D cases. We also show how collapses differ with spatial symmetries comparing 5D evolutions in single-axisymmetry, SO(3), and those in double-axisymmetry, U(1)$\times$U(1).
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Feb 2011 12:02:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-03-21
[ [ "Yamada", "Yuta", "" ], [ "Shinkai", "Hisa-aki", "" ] ]
We numerically investigate the gravitational collapse of collisionless particles in spheroidal configurations both in four and five-dimensional (5D) space-time. We repeat the simulation performed by Shapiro and Teukolsky (1991) that announced an appearance of a naked singularity, and also find that the similar results in 5D version. That is, in a collapse of a highly prolate spindle, the Kretschmann invariant blows up outside the matter and no apparent horizon forms. We also find that the collapses in 5D proceed rapidly than in 4D, and the critical prolateness for appearance of apparent horizon in 5D is loosened compared to 4D cases. We also show how collapses differ with spatial symmetries comparing 5D evolutions in single-axisymmetry, SO(3), and those in double-axisymmetry, U(1)$\times$U(1).
1007.2780
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
Classical and relativistic long-term time variations of some observables for transiting exoplanets
LaTex2e, 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Some references updated. To appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc.411:167-183,2011
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17669.x
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analytically work out the long-term, i.e. averaged over one orbital revolution, time variations of some direct observable quantities Y induced by classical and general relativistic dynamical perturbations of the two-body pointlike Newtonian acceleration in the case of transiting exoplanets moving along elliptic orbits. More specifically, the observables $Y$ with which we deal are the transit duration, the radial velocity and the time interval between primary and secondary eclipses. The dynamical effects considered are the centrifugal oblateness of both the star and the planet, their tidal bulges mutually raised on each other, a distant third body X, and general relativity (both Schwarzschild and Lense-Thirring). We take into account the effects due to the perturbations of all the Keplerian orbital elements involved in a consistent and uniform way. First, we explicitly compute their instantaneous time variations due to the dynamical effects considered and plug them in the general expression for the instantaneous change of Y; then, we take the overall average over one orbital revolution of the so-obtained instantaneous rate $\dot Y(t)$ specialized to the perturbations considered. Instead, somewhat hybrid expressions can be often found in literature: in them, the secular precession of, typically, the periastron only is straightforwardly inserted into instantaneous formulas. Numerical evaluations of the obtained results are given for a typical star-planet scenario and compared with the expected observational accuracies over a time span 10 yr long. Our results are, in principle, valid also for other astronomical scenarios. They may allow, e.g., for designing various tests of gravitational theories with natural and artificial bodies in our solar system. (Abridged)
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Jul 2010 14:23:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Jul 2010 14:08:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Sep 2010 15:58:32 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Oct 2010 18:07:59 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2011-01-24
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
We analytically work out the long-term, i.e. averaged over one orbital revolution, time variations of some direct observable quantities Y induced by classical and general relativistic dynamical perturbations of the two-body pointlike Newtonian acceleration in the case of transiting exoplanets moving along elliptic orbits. More specifically, the observables $Y$ with which we deal are the transit duration, the radial velocity and the time interval between primary and secondary eclipses. The dynamical effects considered are the centrifugal oblateness of both the star and the planet, their tidal bulges mutually raised on each other, a distant third body X, and general relativity (both Schwarzschild and Lense-Thirring). We take into account the effects due to the perturbations of all the Keplerian orbital elements involved in a consistent and uniform way. First, we explicitly compute their instantaneous time variations due to the dynamical effects considered and plug them in the general expression for the instantaneous change of Y; then, we take the overall average over one orbital revolution of the so-obtained instantaneous rate $\dot Y(t)$ specialized to the perturbations considered. Instead, somewhat hybrid expressions can be often found in literature: in them, the secular precession of, typically, the periastron only is straightforwardly inserted into instantaneous formulas. Numerical evaluations of the obtained results are given for a typical star-planet scenario and compared with the expected observational accuracies over a time span 10 yr long. Our results are, in principle, valid also for other astronomical scenarios. They may allow, e.g., for designing various tests of gravitational theories with natural and artificial bodies in our solar system. (Abridged)
0904.0110
Ali Reza Amani
J. Sadeghi, F. Milani and A. R. Amani
Bouncing universe with the non-minimally coupled scaler field and its reconstructing
16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted in MPLA
Mod.Phys.Lett.A24:2363-2376,2009
10.1142/S0217732309030783
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we consider a non-minimally coupled scaler field, and show its equation of state parameter can crossing over -1, $\omega\to -1$, and bouncing condition. Also we obtain the stability conditions and consider reconstructing for our model.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Apr 2009 09:29:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-30
[ [ "Sadeghi", "J.", "" ], [ "Milani", "F.", "" ], [ "Amani", "A. R.", "" ] ]
In this paper we consider a non-minimally coupled scaler field, and show its equation of state parameter can crossing over -1, $\omega\to -1$, and bouncing condition. Also we obtain the stability conditions and consider reconstructing for our model.
gr-qc/9809090
Herbert Hamber
H.W. Hamber
AENEAS - A Custom-built Parallel Supercomputer for Quantum Gravity
LaTeX, 11 pages, 3 figures
null
null
UCI-98-13
gr-qc hep-lat hep-th
null
Accurate Quantum Gravity calculations, based on the simplicial lattice formulation, are computationally very demanding and require vast amounts of computer resources. A custom-made 64-node parallel supercomputer capable of performing up to $2 \times 10^{10}$ floating point operations per second has been assembled entirely out of commodity components, and has been operational for the last ten months. It will allow the numerical computation of a variety of quantities of physical interest in quantum gravity and related field theories, including the estimate of the critical exponents in the vicinity of the ultraviolet fixed point to an accuracy of a few percent.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Sep 1998 22:45:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Hamber", "H. W.", "" ] ]
Accurate Quantum Gravity calculations, based on the simplicial lattice formulation, are computationally very demanding and require vast amounts of computer resources. A custom-made 64-node parallel supercomputer capable of performing up to $2 \times 10^{10}$ floating point operations per second has been assembled entirely out of commodity components, and has been operational for the last ten months. It will allow the numerical computation of a variety of quantities of physical interest in quantum gravity and related field theories, including the estimate of the critical exponents in the vicinity of the ultraviolet fixed point to an accuracy of a few percent.
2303.13105
Xiangdong Zhang
Yongbin Du and Xiangdong Zhang
Topological classes of black holes in de-Sitter spacetime
18 pages, 14 figures
Eur. Phys. J. C 83, 927 (2023)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12114-5
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we investigate the topological number of de-Sitter black hole solutions with different charges $(q)$ and rotational $(a)$ parameters. By using generalized free energy and Duan's $\phi$-mapping topological current theory, we find that the topological numbers of black holes can still be classified as three types. In addition, we interestingly found the topological classes for de-Sitter $($dS$)$ spacetime with distinct horizon, i.e, black hole event horizon and cosmological horizon, will be different. Moreover, we also investigate topological classifications of dS black hole solutions in higher dimensions with or without Gauss-Bonnet term.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Mar 2023 08:44:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-17
[ [ "Du", "Yongbin", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xiangdong", "" ] ]
In this paper, we investigate the topological number of de-Sitter black hole solutions with different charges $(q)$ and rotational $(a)$ parameters. By using generalized free energy and Duan's $\phi$-mapping topological current theory, we find that the topological numbers of black holes can still be classified as three types. In addition, we interestingly found the topological classes for de-Sitter $($dS$)$ spacetime with distinct horizon, i.e, black hole event horizon and cosmological horizon, will be different. Moreover, we also investigate topological classifications of dS black hole solutions in higher dimensions with or without Gauss-Bonnet term.
0903.5420
Chen Songbai
Songbai Chen, Xiangyun Fu, Jiliang Jing
Density pertubation of unparticle dark matter in the flat Universe
6pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
Eur.Phys.J.C64:107-112,2009
10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1141-9
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The unparticle has been suggested as a candidate of dark matter. We investigated the growth rate of the density perturbation for the unparticle dark matter in the flat Universe. First, we consider the model in which unparticle is the sole dark matter and find that the growth factor can be approximated well by $f=(1+3\omega_u)\Omega^{\gamma}_u$, where $\omega_u$ is the equation of state of unparticle. Our results show that the presence of $\omega_u$ modifies the behavior of the growth factor $f$. For the second model where unparticle co-exists with cold dark matter, the growth factor has a new approximation $f=(1+3\omega_u)\Omega^{\gamma}_u+\alpha \Omega_m$ and $\alpha $ is a function of $\omega_u$. Thus the growth factor of unparticle is quite different from that of usual dark matter. These information can help us know more about unparticle and the early evolution of the Universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Mar 2009 09:44:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 30 Aug 2009 07:12:42 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Oct 2009 07:52:55 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-05
[ [ "Chen", "Songbai", "" ], [ "Fu", "Xiangyun", "" ], [ "Jing", "Jiliang", "" ] ]
The unparticle has been suggested as a candidate of dark matter. We investigated the growth rate of the density perturbation for the unparticle dark matter in the flat Universe. First, we consider the model in which unparticle is the sole dark matter and find that the growth factor can be approximated well by $f=(1+3\omega_u)\Omega^{\gamma}_u$, where $\omega_u$ is the equation of state of unparticle. Our results show that the presence of $\omega_u$ modifies the behavior of the growth factor $f$. For the second model where unparticle co-exists with cold dark matter, the growth factor has a new approximation $f=(1+3\omega_u)\Omega^{\gamma}_u+\alpha \Omega_m$ and $\alpha $ is a function of $\omega_u$. Thus the growth factor of unparticle is quite different from that of usual dark matter. These information can help us know more about unparticle and the early evolution of the Universe.
gr-qc/0604081
Giovanni Venturi
F. Finelli, G. Marozzi, G.P. Vacca, G. Venturi
Second Order Gauge-Invariant Perturbations during Inflation
17 pages, 6 figures. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D74:083522,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.083522
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
The evolution of gauge invariant second-order scalar perturbations in a general single field inflationary scenario are presented. Different second order gauge invariant expressions for the curvature are considered. We evaluate perturbatively one of these second order curvature fluctuations and a second order gauge invariant scalar field fluctuation during the slow-roll stage of a massive chaotic inflationary scenario, taking into account the deviation from a pure de Sitter evolution and considering only the contribution of super-Hubble perturbations in mode-mode coupling. The spectra resulting from their contribution to the second order quantum correlation function are nearly scale-invariant, with additional logarithmic corrections to the first order spectrum. For all scales of interest the amplitude of these spectra depend on the total number of e-folds. We find, on comparing first and second order perturbation results, an upper limit to the total number of e-folds beyond which the two orders are comparable.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 Apr 2006 15:36:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Jul 2006 15:54:56 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 31 Oct 2006 15:46:18 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Finelli", "F.", "" ], [ "Marozzi", "G.", "" ], [ "Vacca", "G. P.", "" ], [ "Venturi", "G.", "" ] ]
The evolution of gauge invariant second-order scalar perturbations in a general single field inflationary scenario are presented. Different second order gauge invariant expressions for the curvature are considered. We evaluate perturbatively one of these second order curvature fluctuations and a second order gauge invariant scalar field fluctuation during the slow-roll stage of a massive chaotic inflationary scenario, taking into account the deviation from a pure de Sitter evolution and considering only the contribution of super-Hubble perturbations in mode-mode coupling. The spectra resulting from their contribution to the second order quantum correlation function are nearly scale-invariant, with additional logarithmic corrections to the first order spectrum. For all scales of interest the amplitude of these spectra depend on the total number of e-folds. We find, on comparing first and second order perturbation results, an upper limit to the total number of e-folds beyond which the two orders are comparable.
0910.1634
Cosimo Bambi
Cosimo Bambi, Katherine Freese, Tomohiro Harada, Rohta Takahashi, Naoki Yoshida
Accretion process onto super-spinning objects
11 pages, 5 figures. v2: with explanation of the origin of the critical value |a|/M = 1.4
Phys.Rev.D80:104023,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.104023
IPMU09-0113
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The accretion process onto spinning objects in Kerr spacetimes is studied with numerical simulations. Our results show that accretion onto compact objects with Kerr parameter (characterizing the spin) $|a| < M$ and $|a| > M$ is very different. In the super-spinning case, for $|a|$ moderately larger than $M$, the accretion onto the central object is extremely suppressed due to a repulsive force at short distance. The accreting matter cannot reach the central object, but instead is accumulated around it, forming a high density cloud that continues to grow. The radiation emitted in the accretion process will be harder and more intense than the one coming from standard black holes; e.g. $\gamma$-rays could be produced as seen in some observations. Gravitational collapse of this cloud might even give rise to violent bursts. As $|a|$ increases, a larger amount of accreting matter reaches the central object and the growth of the cloud becomes less efficient. Our simulations find that a quasi-steady state of the accretion process exists for $|a|/M \gtrsim 1.4$, independently of the mass accretion rate at large radii. For such high values of the Kerr parameter, the accreting matter forms a thin disk at very small radii. We provide some analytical arguments to strengthen the numerical results; in particular, we estimate the radius where the gravitational force changes from attractive to repulsive and the critical value $|a|/M \approx 1.4$ separating the two qualitatively different regimes of accretion. We briefly discuss the observational signatures which could be used to look for such exotic objects in the Galaxy and/or in the Universe.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Oct 2009 23:58:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 17 Oct 2009 01:37:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-18
[ [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ], [ "Freese", "Katherine", "" ], [ "Harada", "Tomohiro", "" ], [ "Takahashi", "Rohta", "" ], [ "Yoshida", "Naoki", "" ] ]
The accretion process onto spinning objects in Kerr spacetimes is studied with numerical simulations. Our results show that accretion onto compact objects with Kerr parameter (characterizing the spin) $|a| < M$ and $|a| > M$ is very different. In the super-spinning case, for $|a|$ moderately larger than $M$, the accretion onto the central object is extremely suppressed due to a repulsive force at short distance. The accreting matter cannot reach the central object, but instead is accumulated around it, forming a high density cloud that continues to grow. The radiation emitted in the accretion process will be harder and more intense than the one coming from standard black holes; e.g. $\gamma$-rays could be produced as seen in some observations. Gravitational collapse of this cloud might even give rise to violent bursts. As $|a|$ increases, a larger amount of accreting matter reaches the central object and the growth of the cloud becomes less efficient. Our simulations find that a quasi-steady state of the accretion process exists for $|a|/M \gtrsim 1.4$, independently of the mass accretion rate at large radii. For such high values of the Kerr parameter, the accreting matter forms a thin disk at very small radii. We provide some analytical arguments to strengthen the numerical results; in particular, we estimate the radius where the gravitational force changes from attractive to repulsive and the critical value $|a|/M \approx 1.4$ separating the two qualitatively different regimes of accretion. We briefly discuss the observational signatures which could be used to look for such exotic objects in the Galaxy and/or in the Universe.
1502.00204
Peng Wang
Peng Wang, Haitang Yang, Shuxuan Ying
Minimal Length Effects on Entanglement Entropy of Spherically Symmetric Black Holes in Brick Wall Model
15 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.06025
null
10.1088/0264-9381/33/2/025007
CTP-SCU/2015004
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compute the black hole horizon entanglement entropy for a massless scalar field in the brick wall model by incorporating the minimal length. Taking the minimal length effects on the occupation number $n(\omega,l)$ and the Hawking temperature into consideration, we obtain the leading UV divergent term and the subleading logarithmic term in the entropy. The leading divergent term scales with the horizon area. The subleading logarithmic term is the same as that in the usual brick wall model without the minimal length.
[ { "created": "Sun, 1 Feb 2015 06:24:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-01-13
[ [ "Wang", "Peng", "" ], [ "Yang", "Haitang", "" ], [ "Ying", "Shuxuan", "" ] ]
We compute the black hole horizon entanglement entropy for a massless scalar field in the brick wall model by incorporating the minimal length. Taking the minimal length effects on the occupation number $n(\omega,l)$ and the Hawking temperature into consideration, we obtain the leading UV divergent term and the subleading logarithmic term in the entropy. The leading divergent term scales with the horizon area. The subleading logarithmic term is the same as that in the usual brick wall model without the minimal length.
2104.12610
Victor Shchigolev Konstantinovich
V. K. Shchigolev
Fractional-order derivatives in cosmological models of accelerated expansion
20 pages, no figures
Modern Physics Letters A , Vol. 36, No. 14 (2021) 2130014 (21 pages)
10.1142/S0217732321300147
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this brief review, we present the results of the fractional differential approach in cosmology in the context of the exact models of cosmological accelerated expansion obtained by several authors to date. Most of these studies are devoted to the problem of introducing fractional derivatives or fractional integrals into the classical General Relativity (GR). There are several observational and theoretical motivations to investigate the modified or alternative theories of GR. Among other things, we cover General Relativity modified by a phenomenological approach dealing with fractional calculus. At the same time, a sufficiently large number of exact solutions of the cosmological equations modified by this approach were obtained. Some of these models may be especially relevant in the light of solving the problem of late accelerated expansion of the universe. These studies are largely motivated by rapid progress in the field of observational cosmology that now allows, for the first time, precision tests of fundamental physics on the scale of the observable Universe. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference tool for researchers and students in cosmology and gravitational physics, as well as a self-contained, comprehensive, and up-to-date introduction to the subject as a whole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Apr 2021 14:23:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-05-18
[ [ "Shchigolev", "V. K.", "" ] ]
In this brief review, we present the results of the fractional differential approach in cosmology in the context of the exact models of cosmological accelerated expansion obtained by several authors to date. Most of these studies are devoted to the problem of introducing fractional derivatives or fractional integrals into the classical General Relativity (GR). There are several observational and theoretical motivations to investigate the modified or alternative theories of GR. Among other things, we cover General Relativity modified by a phenomenological approach dealing with fractional calculus. At the same time, a sufficiently large number of exact solutions of the cosmological equations modified by this approach were obtained. Some of these models may be especially relevant in the light of solving the problem of late accelerated expansion of the universe. These studies are largely motivated by rapid progress in the field of observational cosmology that now allows, for the first time, precision tests of fundamental physics on the scale of the observable Universe. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference tool for researchers and students in cosmology and gravitational physics, as well as a self-contained, comprehensive, and up-to-date introduction to the subject as a whole.