Split (2)

train · 226k rows

question stringlengths 3 301	answer stringlengths 9 26.1k	context list
What physical differences are there between a marathon runner and a non-marathon runner (regular person) of roughly the same stature?	I am assuming that you are referring to an exceptional endurance. There are two main types of muscle tissue in muscle and a third in cardiac muscle. The straited muscle also called slowtwitch and unstraited muscle called fast twitch. Fast twitch is what burst strength comes from. Slow is for endurance. Good Ma...	[ "Various studies have shown marathon runners to be more economical than middle distance runners and sprinters at speeds of 6–12 miles per hour (10-19 kilometers per hour). At those speeds, film analysis has shown that sprinters and middle distance have more vertical motion than marathoners.\n", "In athletics, spr...
apps that ask for permission to my "location." could the person running the app tell when i'm not home?	Technically that's probably possible, but to what end? That information is typically used to just feed you relevant ads for nearby businesses assuming there isn't an obvious location function like showing you a map or finding nearby showtimes or something.	[ "Like many iOS applications that use Location Services, parental controls are available. Find My Friends synchronizes with other applications such as Maps and Contacts. The app is supported on the iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, Apple Watch, or on iCloud.com on Windows. A friend's location can be viewed in OS X 10.10 as ...
Why are modern cities' ground level several meters higher than their ancient counterparts?	It's a side effect of people living there. Sediment builds up. I've written a couple answers on the topic, and I'll put in an edited version of [one of my previous answers here](_URL_0_) *** There are a lot of reasons why sediment builds up over ancient ruins. Sediment moves in many different ways. First, you hav...	[ "The city lies at an altitude of 1050 meters. Due to the nature of the terrain, the city was built in a north-south orientation and occupies approximately 360 by 160 meters. Larger public buildings and the necropolis were built on flatter areas in the west, while dwellings were mostly built on the sloping part of t...
What characteristics would a material need in order to be a perfect radiation shield for human space travel?	Many hydrogen atoms as part of its chemical formula. Water or polymers are the preferred materials for that reason. Ideally it should be liquid hydrogen, but that's too bulky and too difficult to keep cool enough to stay in liquid form. This is deducted from the Z/A factor in the [Bethe formula](_URL_0_), where Z is t...	[ "The usual method for radiation protection is material shielding by spacecraft and equipment structures (usually aluminium), possibly augmented by polyethylene in human spaceflight where the main concern is high energy protons and cosmic ray ions. On unmanned spacecraft in high electron dose environments such as Ju...
Are these good books to get for an thorough overview of the topics they focus on?	Julian Thompson's 'Forgotten Voices from Burma' is a collection of oral accounts from the Burma campaign 1942-45. It's good if you're looking for first hand account of the fighting but the context provided is minimal and the work is far from thorough. It omits a lot to focus exclusively on the accounts.	[ "The University of Iowa Center for the Book is a research program dedicated to the past, present, and future of the book. Located in the University of Iowa Graduate College, the Center integrates practice in the art of the book with study of the book in society. The Center offers curricula in the arts of printing, ...
What would the temperature of the earth be if the axial tilt was 54 degrees?	The article is [here](_URL_0_) and the abstract says the mean temperatures are 14^o C to within a few degrees for all tilts. However, the variations are huge for large tilts (not surprisingly, because it'd basically be day or night for half the year). I cannot access the article, even through my school's network...	[ "The exact effects of these changes can only be computer modelled at present, and studies have shown that even extreme tilts of up to 85 degrees do not absolutely preclude life \"provided it does not occupy continental surfaces plagued seasonally by the highest temperature.\" Not only the mean axial tilt, but also ...
why aren't all screwheads philips?	Robertson (The Canadian): High levels of torque. Doesn't Cam out. Speeds up production. Cheap. Designer was a crazy tinfoil fuckhead that didn't let anyone else but him make them. Not wide spread except Canada. Phillips (The Cross): Cams out when too much pressure is applied. Only 5 different drivers. Literally design...	[ "Many modern electrical appliances, if they contain screws, use screws with heads other than the typical slotted or Phillips styles. Torx is one such pattern that has become widespread. It is a spline tip with a corresponding recess in the screw head. The main cause of this trend is manufacturing efficiency: Torx s...
how do circuit boards work to run software and create images?	Circuit boards don't do any of that, they are merely a support for the "wiring" between the electronic components that do the work. In the old days, you'd hook electronic components together with actual pieces of wire. Today, the number and complexity of connections on something like a computer makes that infeasible, ...	[ "Virtual machine images are the containers that enable operating systems and applications to be isolated from physical resources. A group of virtual or physical images or that define a complete system, including network and storage characteristics, is defined as a configuration. For instance, a configuration could ...
what does the schrödinger's cat experiment consist of?	Schrödinger's Cat is a thought experiment in applying the idea of quantum entanglement to non-quantum objects. There's not an actual experiment.	[ "Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment, usually described as a paradox, devised by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger in 1935. It illustrates what he saw as the problem of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, applied to everyday objects. The thought experiment presents a cat that might be alive...
how does a company like facebook buy another like snapchat	They buy the stocks from the existing owners, usually with the consent of the people running the acquired company. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: What do you actually get when you buy a company? ](_URL_5_) 1. [ELI5: How are companies bought out by other companies/ multi-milliona...	[ "Facebook recognized how successful Snapchat was with the launch of Snapchat stories back in 2014, so Facebook launched their own Facebook stories in 2017. This is a way for you to share, for twenty-four hours, what are you doing with your Facebook friends from the mobile app.\n", "Facebook is a social networking...
If TV remote controls use infrared light, why does my TV respond to my remote control when the path between the RC and the TV is completely blocked or when the remote control isn't even pointed at the TV?	If you have a flashlight, turn it on and off at some interval to convey a message, and put some object in the path of the light, would you be able to tell what the light pattern is by observing the room in general? You'll see reflections off surfaces in your room - walls, ceilings, floors, etc.	[ "Unlike a light gun that senses light from a television screen, the Wii Remote senses light from the console's Sensor Bar (RVL-014), which allows consistent usage not influenced by the screen used. The Sensor Bar is about long and has ten infrared LEDs, five at each end of the bar. The LEDs furthest from the center...
Why did the British make West Pakistan and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) one country in the 1947 partition? They are 2000 km apart!	The short answer is that Britain had little choice in the matter. The issue of Indian independence was virtually a sure thing even at the start of WW-2 (except for the partition part). Britain put off discussions once the war started (because for Britons it was a war of existence). Indian leaders (mainly the INC - Ind...	[ "The end of British rule in India in August 1947, accompanied by the Partition of India, gave birth to a new country named Pakistan which constituted Muslim-majority areas in the far east and far west of the Indian subcontinent. The Western zone was popularly (and for a period of time, also officially) termed West ...
why it's not fair for soldiers in the military to be charged for the same crimes as civilians.	Can you give an example? I was in the Navy and we had a stricter set of rules that we had to go by.	[ "Lying about military service or wearing a uniform or medals that were not earned is criminalized in some circumstances, especially if done with the goal of obtaining money or any other kind of tangible benefit, though laws vary by country.\n", "The non-service-related crimes of servicemembers do not fall into th...
culturally, why are celebrities generally entertainers and not scientists? aren't they more important?	Celebrities also display features that are relevant to our base desires (ex. physical attractiveness, sociability, emotional depth, athleticism, etc.), and we subconsciously hone in on these things. That's why they can become so popular.	[ "However, a great many celebrities are clearly not \"intellectual\" achievers nor notable for any cognitive or analytic powers, e.g. Kim Kardashian, professional sports figures or other athletes. While they may through sheer exposure become involved in causes or controversies (as Paris Hilton did in the US presiden...
meteorologically speaking, why is it suddenly so extremely warm in western europe?	It really should be called runaway global warming, to tell the truth. But to answer your question - Approx 20 years ago the weather was like a fair dice (1.2.3.4.5.6) So there was always an equal chance of any temperature, rainfall, humidity, snowfall etc etc ; and approx 1 in 3 chance of an extreme weather even...	[ "The winter affected many other European countries. Similar cold periods and snowfalls were seen in much of Central Europe and the southern Baltic region. De Bilt, near Amsterdam in the Netherlands, experienced its worst winter since 1790. Because of the anticyclone to the north of the United Kingdom, several incom...
would you have to breathe if you had a very constant supply of liquid oxygen?	Liquid oxygen would kill you, since oxygen needs to be at bout -180c/-300f to be liquid. However, it is possible to breathe heavily oxygenated liquid, which I think is what you mean. You can read about it [here](_URL_0_).	[ "Possible medical uses of liquid breathing (which uses pure perfluorocarbon liquid, not a water emulsion) involve assistance for premature babies or for burn victims (if normal lung function is compromised). Both partial and complete filling of the lungs have been considered, although only the former has undergone ...
I need help finding out what this animal is.	Can't offer advice, but I happened to see one in SE PA yesterday. Shape of it looks akin to a stink bug.	[ "While collecting the animals on their checklist, the crew discovers a small black creature with a third eye on a stalk attached to its head. Even though it is not on the list, Leela decides to rescue it as well, names it Nibbler, and places it in the cargo hold with the other animals. When Fry, Leela, and Bender r...
since https is secure why don't all sites use it? why isn't it the default? why even have http?	price - you gotta buy a https certification. latency - it's slower cos more shit needs to be done bandwidth increase - cos you gotta send more shit for encryption cpu load - gotta use cycles for encryption/decryption. backwards comparability - not all browsers across all os's/devices/whatever can support it. t...	[ "Historically, HTTPS connections were primarily used for payment transactions on the World Wide Web, e-mail and for sensitive transactions in corporate information systems. , HTTPS is used more often by web users than the original non-secure HTTP, primarily to protect page authenticity on all types of websites; sec...
Primary sources for Cosimo de Medici	Hi, you’d be interested in one of the [Monday Methods posts on Finding and Understanding Sources](_URL_0_). I’ll specifically highlight the advice to ask one of your campus librarians. As you’ve discovered, Google can’t discern different types of sources. Your librarians are specifically there to teach you how to use t...	[ "The \"Pandectarum Medicinae\" is an encyclopedia with almost no original thinking. It has considerable value to historians as a document reflecting the state of pharmacology and medicine in Europe in the late medieval era. The method of presentation in \"Pandectarum Medicinae\" is that a medicinal substance is nam...
how does a float in fuel gauge accurately read fuel level if the car is moving and the fuel is sloshing around all the time?	First of all, most fuel tanks nowadays are baffled, this is to stop the fuel sloshing about. The reason for this is that modern fuel injection cars must have a constant supply of fuel, if the fuel sloshed about and the pick up pipe is exposed and sucks in some air the engine will (at best) cough, potentially it could e...	[ "Fuel Quantity Indication System (FQIS) monitors the amount of fuel aboard. Using various sensors, such as capacitance tubes, temperature sensors, densitometers & level sensors, the FQIS computer calculates the mass of fuel remaining on board.\n", "Corrected fuel flow is the fuel flow that is required by an engin...
price elasticity	The "Price elasticity of Good X with respect to Y" is the percentage change in Y induced by a 1% increase in the price of Good X. To make a more concrete example, suppose that X is hamburgers and Y is demand for hamburgers. The current price of hamburgers is $1, and 1,000 people are willing to buy a hamburger at that ...	[ "Price elasticity also differentiates types of goods. An elastic good is one for which there is a relatively large change in quantity due to a relatively small change in price, and therefore is likely to be part of a family of substitute goods; for example, as pen prices rise, consumers might buy more pencils inste...
"Truth Serum" from spy movies and the like, does it actually work?	Lying takes more mental effort than truth telling, so taking any downer should make a person more truthful. This effect can be seen with alcohol and other gaba agonists like ghb and benzodiazeprine, and such downers as barbituates and xanax. Psychedelics may have some use to this effect, but such use is unreliable ...	[ "\"Truth serum\" is a colloquial name for any of a range of psychoactive drugs used in an effort to obtain information from subjects who are unable or unwilling to provide it otherwise. These include ethanol, scopolamine, 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate, midazolam, flunitrazepam, sodium thiopental, and amobarbital, among...
what makes the show 'friends' so watchable. why do so many people seem to be able to watch re-runs all the time?	Most of the episodes are self contained, have multiple subplots going at once, and those subplots are interesting but not interesting enough to be super memorable. So when you see an episode, it isn't going to be the one where Rachel gets a bad perm, and you remember everything else about it. It's the one where she g...	[ "Part of the show's success is considered to be the relatively simple formula of following several teams on a race around the world. Because of this, viewers can live \"vicariously through the people on the screen\", according to Andy Dehnart of the RealityBlurred.com website. The show is often considered to be \"t...
Why were slaves considered 3/5 a person?	The origin of the three-fifths number lies in a failed amendment to the Articles of Confederation which received the assent of 11 of the 13 states, but not the unanimous consent necessary to become law. Under the Articles of Confederation, each state was responsible for raising a share of taxes to be used to fund the n...	[ "The slaves were the largest strata, one at the bottom among the Soninke like other West African ethnic groups, and constituted up to half of the population. The slaves among the Soninke people were hierarchically arranged into three strata. The village slaves were a privileged servile group who lived apart from th...
the different levels of partner at a law firm	This is gonna be an overly detailed answer because I'm a lawyer at a big NYC law firm and currently want any excuse not to do my work. First, it's important to note that in the United States law firms are a special type of business known as a partnership. This is in contrast to the business type known as a corporatio...	[ "In law firms, partners are primarily those senior lawyers who are responsible for generating the firm's revenue. The standards for equity partnership vary from firm to firm. Many law firms have a \"two-tiered\" partnership structure, in which some partners are designated as \"salaried partners\" or \"non-equity\" ...
This is more of a meta question but where do most of you find your sources?	If you have access to it, I use JSTOR very often when I look for publications. I also use google scholars, but I might be using it wrong because I have a hard time getting interesting papers out of it. What I also do is read bibliographies at the end of (good) general history books related to the subject that interes...	[ "The Sources website is built around a controlled-vocabulary subject index comprising more than 20,000 topics. This subject index is underpinned by an 'Intelligent Search' system which helps reporters focus their searches by suggesting additional subjects related to their search terms. For example, a search for \"c...
Why were the White Huns called White Huns?	Maybe not related genetically, but either adopted the name or were simply assigned the name based on the similarity of their lifestyle, beliefs and war practices. _URL_0_	[ "The 6th-century Roman historian Procopius of Caesarea (Book I. ch. 3), related the Huns of Europe with the Hephthalites or \"White Huns\" who subjugated the Sassanids and invaded northwestern India, stating that they were of the same stock, \"in fact as well as in name\", although he contrasted the Huns with the H...
what is the economic rationale for the u.s.'s 10 biggest tax breaks?	I'll take a crack. Disclaimer: You're asking for rationale. I will attempt to provide. Whether it's a good rationale is up to you. > Employer paid health insurance 2 reasons. One, it's compensation. Generally compensation isn't taxable from the employer end. Employers usually don't pay income taxes on what they pay...	[ "Some argue that the U.S. corporate tax rate at 35% is the \"highest in the industrialized world\", while others argue it isn't. The rate varies from sector to sector, and can be as low as 21% in the manufacturing industry. A high tax rate would place the U.S. at a \"competitive disadvantage in the global marketpla...
Why are so many nerve/seizure related drugs used for treating mental illnesses?	The real reason is "because some of them help, sometimes, and the rest is immaterial." But that's not a very satisfying answer. Anticonvulsants work by altering neurotransmission, like virtually all drugs used in psychiatry. You can't treat the brain without, you know, treating the brain. For instance, carbamazepine b...	[ "Both military and civilian American intelligence officials are known to have used psychoactive drugs while interrogating captives apprehended in its War on Terror. In July 2012, Jason Leopold and Jeffrey Kaye, psychologists and human rights workers, had a Freedom of Information Act request fulfilled that confirmed...
Do creatures with very short lifespans develop fatal diseases at the same rates as humans?	Mice have a much higher likelyhood of developing cancer then humans do ([source](_URL_2_)) but there lifespan is in the years range. There is as far as I'm aware very little research on cancer in insects although we do have examples of specific mutant fruit fly strains that are more likey to develop cancer. [See here](...	[ "Almost all animals who survive external hazards to their biological functioning eventually die from biological aging, known in life sciences as \"senescence\". Some organisms experience negligible senescence, even exhibiting biological immortality. These include the jellyfish \"Turritopsis dohrnii\", the hydra, an...
how does a country rebuild after a total destructing war?	After a war or natural disaster there might be a lot of people without work, home or food. You start making those people farming, gathering resources and building homes. Just start with the basics. When people have the basics there will be enough people left over to start industries to make life easier. You just start ...	[ "Areas devastated by war or invasion challenge urban planners. Resources are scarce. The existing population has needs. Buildings, roads, services and basic infrastructure like power, water and sewerage are often damaged, but with salvageable parts. Historic, religious or social centres also need to be preserved an...
why is it impossible for a megalodon to still exist?	I'm shitting my pants afraid that someone says "well, actually it is still very possible as data from a research published yesterday reveals that blablablabla and scientists are now able to confirm that shit is indeed going down."	[ "While the earliest megalodon remains have been reported from the Late Oligocene, around 28 million years ago (mya), there is disagreement as to when it appeared, with dates ranging to as young as 16 mya. It has been thought that megalodon became extinct around the end of the Pliocene, about 2.6 mya; claims of Plei...
why can't humans get suitable nutrition from vitamins and fiber capsules	You need energy to live, and we get that energy from the calories we eat. Generally, carbohydrates and protein have about 4 calories per gram, and fat has about 9 calories per gram. We can also get energy from our stored fat. That is why most people can live a few weeks without eating before starving to death. There ...	[ "As with the minerals discussed above, some vitamins are recognized as essential nutrients, necessary in the diet for good health. (Vitamin D is the exception: it can alternatively be synthesized in the skin, in the presence of UVB radiation.) Certain vitamin-like compounds that are recommended in the diet, such as...
why does the us have to have buttons for crosswalks?	In a lot of cases, because it makes people feel better to be pushing the button, especially when they're impatient. _URL_0_	[ "Reports suggest that many walk buttons in some areas, such as New York City and the United Kingdom, may actually be either placebo buttons or nonworking call buttons that used to function correctly. In the former case, these buttons are designed to give pedestrians an illusion of control while the crossing signal ...
What would be the result if we disproved the Equivalence Principle?	From the article: > which negates Einstein's equivalence principle, which states that the laws of physics are the same everywhere. This is actually the [cosmological principle](_URL_0_), not the equivalence principle.	[ "The equivalence principle, explored by a succession of researchers including Galileo, Loránd Eötvös, and Einstein, expresses the idea that all objects fall in the same way, and that the effects of gravity are indistinguishable from certain aspects of acceleration and deceleration. The simplest way to test the weak...
Who killed Juvénal Habyarimana?	This is highly controversial and while there are plenty of theories on the subject - most books on the subject provide plenty of well reasoned speculation - including speculation that Habyarimana was either collateral damage or a bonus killing. I generally prefer thinking of the killing as a political certainty where...	[ "Various opinions have been handed down concerning the circumstances of Jehoiakim's death, due to the difficulty of harmonizing the conflicting Biblical statements on this point (II Kings xxiv. 6; Jer. xxii. 18, 19; II Chron. xxxvi. 6). According to some, he died in Jerusalem before the Sanhedrin could comply with ...
why do the majority of people want manny pacquiao to win this fight?	I don't really follow boxing, but the thing I'm seeing is that Pacquaio is the nice guy and Mayweather is a douche. We all just want to see the bad guy taken down	[ "After the fight, Mayweather remarked \"[Pacquiao] definitely had his moments in the fight. As long as I moved on the outside, I was able to stay away from those. He’s a really smart fighter ... My dad wanted me to do more, but I had to take my time. Because Manny Pacquiao is a competitor, and he’s extremely danger...
When did the practice of forcing left handed persons to use their right hand begin?	A Roman soldier (at least in late Republic) was forced to use his left arm for his shield and his right arm for his gladius, regardless of handedness. The word sinister derives from the Latin word for left; the deeply superstitious Romans considered it as an unlucky direction.	[ "Beyond being inherently disadvantaged by a right-handed bias in the design of tools, left-handed people have been subjected to deliberate discrimination and discouragement. In certain societies, they may be considered unlucky or even malicious by the right-handed majority. Many languages still contain references t...
how do computers calculate how long a second is if differences in temperature would create a subtle change in the time it takes for a process to complete?	Because the cycles in a computer are crystal regulated like a clock. It does not matter how long a process takes.	[ "This process took a total of 0.337 seconds of CPU time, out of which 0.327 seconds was spent in user space, and the final 0.010 seconds in kernel mode on behalf of the process. Elapsed real time was 1.15 seconds.\n", "In computer science, a computer is CPU-bound (or compute-bound) when the time for it to complet...
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson died from complications after being shot by his own men. What happened to the soldiers who shot him?	I can tell you that the Brigade Commander suffered no repercussions. The 18th NC was in the Brigade commanded by BGEN James Henry Lane, an 1854 graduate of VMI, and a college professor before the war with a Master's from UVA. At the time of his promotion from Col. the November before he was the youngest flag officer in...	[ "Stonewall Jackson was gravely wounded at Chancellorsville and died soon after from pneumonia. Upon Jackson's death, Garnett returned to Richmond where the general's body lay in state. Despite his professional disagreement with Jackson, Garnett set aside any ill will against him and served as a pall bearer along wi...
Magnets!!!! How does an external magnetic field affect an iron core solenoid	I believe they will just produce a lot of heat and cancel each others fields out. To have and amplification of the fields, you must have both of the coils with the same polarity and direction of electron flow.	[ "The material of a magnetic core (often made of iron or steel) is composed of small regions called magnetic domains that act like tiny magnets (see ferromagnetism). Before the current in the electromagnet is turned on, the domains in the iron core point in random directions, so their tiny magnetic fields cancel eac...
why can we hear things on the other side of a wall better if we press our ear to the wall?	Sound is just something shaking really fast*. The sound source shakes the air, the air shakes the wall and the wall shakes the air in the next room. Putting your head to the wall lets the wall shake your eardrum more directly (by transmitting the shakes to your skull) than if there were several feet of air in between....	[ "\" It was not a wall of sound. A wall is something in front of you. You were INSIDE the sound. The very air you were breathing vibrated. The eyes shook in their sockets. I've never been attacked like this by music. \"\n", "In an interview with Los Angeles magazine, he revealed, \"I’m 80 percent deaf in my left e...
why are electric bills billed in kilowatt-hours, and not simply kilowatts?	Wait wait wait son. Kilowatt is how much it uses NOW! So it’s a sort of speed. By taking hours on the end it’s a physical measurement of energy. Meaning how much we’ve used total. So my computer takes 400 kilowatts, but how much is that? If it stands online for an hour, a day or even 2 minutes it’s still using only 40...	[ "Electric power is usually measured in kilowatts (kW). Electric energy is usually measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh). For example, if an electric load that draws 1.5 kW of electric power is operated for 8 hours, it uses 12 kWh of electric energy. In the United States, a residential electric customer is charged based ...
Why does our immune system seems to handle some infections on it's own pretty fine, while others only with the help of medicine? For example, a normal flu, vs. malaria, or dengue.	Very complicated answer - mostly it has to do with the evolution of the microbe. Most of use are used to thinking about our immune systems as what determines how well we respond to viruses and other pathogens, but typically, it has more to do with the evolution of the pathogens themselves. The microbes that make us si...	[ "The immune system is what keeps us healthy in spite of the many organisms and substances that can do us harm. In this issue, explore how our bodies are designed to prevent potentially harmful objects from getting inside, and what happens when bacteria, viruses, fungi or other foreign organisms or substances breach...
Does the repulsion from two oppositely charged magnets have any affect on gravity's pull on them?	No, they should manifest as two different effects.	[ "It is often more convenient to model the force between two magnets as being due to forces between magnetic poles having \"magnetic charges\" 'smeared' over them. Positive and negative magnetic charge is always connected by a string of magnetized material, and isolated magnetic charge does not exist. This model wor...
Is Germany in WW2 the new "Lost Cause"?	EDITED: Forgot my sources! EDITED: Phrasing. Hello, First post on AH, so before I provide you with a theory (as I don't think this is 'answerable') I'll post a small blerb. My name's Victor Rinaldi, I'm a graduate of the University of Toronto, specializing in Criminology, but with an avid and amateur interest in mili...	[ "Germany lost the war because it was decisively defeated by a stronger military power; it was out of soldiers and ideas, and was losing ground every day by October 1918. Nevertheless, it was still in France when the war ended on Nov. 11 giving die-hard nationalists the chance to blame the civilians back home for be...
this exchange between a muslim college student and jewish professor.	He said that the Muslim Student Association was affiliated with a terrorist group. She said that wasn't true because they never received support from said group. He said that, if they aren't affiliated, then does she condemn their actions. She refused. He continued pressing that point, eventually stating one of the gro...	[ "60 Jewish and Muslim students from all over the world with a common goal of establishing peaceful relations between both religions participated. The conference consists of discussion committees, guest speakers, open dialogue panels and social events.\n", "A PhD thesis \"Dialogue Between Christians, Jews and Musl...
the hong kong v china conflict	Britain and China went to war 100 years ago. Long story short, Britain got to rule Hong Kong [until 1997](_URL_0_), when it reverted to Chinese control. That means a good deal of people living in Hong Kong were used to western-style freedoms, and were essentially raised as British Citizens. At first China let Hon...	[ "The Hong Kong–Philippines relations refers to the relations of the Republic of the Philippines and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Under the Hong Kong Basic Law, the People's Republic of China is responsible for diplomatic and defence affairs of Hong Kong. However, Hong Kong enjoys significant autonomy in...
what determines a professional's salary?	Supply and demand. It is hard to become a doctor or an engineer, especially the highly specialized kind. Those specialized skills can mean life or death, or millions of dollars. If you want someone who can give you those sorts of results, you are in competition with a lot of other people, so you have to pay top doll...	[ "However, only a fraction of men's professional football players are paid at this level. Wages may be much more moderate in other divisions and leagues, and a significant number of players are semi-professional. For example, the average annual salary for footballers in Major League Soccer (which started in 2009) fo...
With a current lot of tension and debate over immigration in the West, what was the reaction to significant numbers of Chinese settling in many Western cities, and during what period was the establishment of Chinatown's taking place?	One major wave of immigration from China happened after the discovery of gold in California in 1849. Just like other migrants out to the area, many Chinese came in hopes of getting rich. About 1/4 of all miners in the gold fields were Chinese. Often, when immigrants entered the United States, they end up living in...	[ "Another cause for the eastward migration was the anti-Chinese sentiment that was generally felt in the West Coast Chinatowns, such as San Francisco, which was fueled by the economic downturn of the late 1860s. The laws and the courts generally gave little protection to the minority group and many fled eastward to ...
Did the Russian Czar 1914's attempt to ban alcohol from Russian life have the same effects prohibition did on America? Namely rise of speakeasies and gangsters?	No, primarily because the attempt was short-lived and there was a war on. Instead, it helped start the Russian Revolution of 1917. See The Alcoholic Empire: Vodka and Politics in Late Imperial Russia or Vodka Politics: Alcohol, Autocracy, and the Secret History of the Russian State. Both are by Oxford University P...	[ "Prohibition as introduced in the Russian Empire in 1914 permitted the sale of hard liquor only in restaurants. It was introduced at the beginning of World War I under the premise that it would prevent the army from dealing with drunken soldiers. Other warring countries (e.g. the United Kingdom, France, and Germany...
zeno's paradox	In order to get from point A to point B you must first reach the point between A and B. Let's call that point 1. To reach point 1 you must first reach the point between point A and point 1. Let's call that point 2. To reach point 2 you must reach point 3 - the point between point A and point 3. Getting to 3 requires...	[ "Zeno's paradoxes are a set of philosophical problems generally thought to have been devised by Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea (c. 490–430 BC) to support Parmenides' doctrine that contrary to the evidence of one's senses, the belief in plurality and change is mistaken, and in particular that motion is nothing but a...
why amount of transgender people is increasing so much	Sampling bias. It's not that there are more trans people, it's that trans people are being open about their status because of much greater acceptance. You can see this in maps of how many people say they're gay or bisexual - the frequency in accepting states (~10%) is roughly double what it is in the Bible Belt (~5%). ...	[ "According to the American Psychology Association, around 64% of transgender people have annual incomes of less than $25,000. Another study found that transgender individuals are nearly four times more likely to make less than $10,000 annually when compared to the general population; on the other end of the spectru...
how can agencies approve airline companies to overbook flights?	Overbooking is a well known practice and accepted practice in a range of industries. The airline will lose money for every empty seat they have on an aircraft and, obviously, they don't want this. It is also pretty common that not everyone who has booked a seat/flight actually shows up (medical emergency, mixed up da...	[ "During 1990, Orien Dickerson, then Vice-President of the company, was penalised by the United States Department of Transportation because he withdrew funds from escrow accounts for charter flights that still had to be carried out. In the charter airline business, it is common practice that prepayments from custome...
why does the cleanliness of your environment (your room for example) affect your mental state so much?	It's weird since I've heard the same thing but reversed. I.e your room is a product of your mental health and that made sense to me as it's hard to clean up or do anything in general if you're depressed. Versus it being easy if you're in a happier one.	[ "Further research shows that an untidy environment can negatively impact many aspects of human health—such as mood and stress levels, memory capabilities, and even the ability to process other people's facial expressions. When people's personal space is \"de-cluttered,\" they are better able to sleep, focus, and ho...
what it means to die from "exposure"	It's more of a blanket term to describe exposure to the weather, whatever that weather may be. Freezing or dying of heatstroke could be classified as types of death by exposure.	[ "The term immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) is defined by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as exposure to airborne contaminants that is \"likely to cause death or immediate or delayed permanent adverse health effects or prevent escape from such an environment.\" Exam...
if you're killed in war, what happens to your weapon? refurbished? recycled? destroyed? hand-me-down?	If the weapon is recovered it is supposed to go back to the armory to see if it is still serviceable, repaired and cleaned. If the weapon is damaged it is stripped for parts. If it is still in good shape it is stored for reissue.	[ "Optionally, a Recycler space can be made available, which will regenerate destroyed units. A recycled unit must be moved off the Recycler for another unit to appear, and it can be blocked by enemy units. There are three options: None, Half, and Full; Half will recycle only half the units you've lost.\n", "Unexpl...
why is there a large backlash against movements like bds (or other anti-israeli sentiment)?	Well. there are several reasons. 1) Its centered on Israel exclusivly, Israel has a much better human rights record then many countries around it, Egypt is currently flooding its border with gaza with sea water to block hamas infiltrations, Jordan killed more palestinians during black september then israel has killed ...	[ "Critics of the movement, such as Elhanan Yakira, Ethan Felson, and Roberta Rosenthal Kwall, have argued that BDS is a campaign motivated by anti-Zionism and anti-Israel sentiment. Executive vice chairman of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations Malcolm Hoenlein called BDS a \"'politic...
why does it cost over 10,000 to bury someone in the us?	There are several factors at work here. The first is professional services. You are hiring a funeral director to arrange and prepare your loved one for burial. The death also needs to be registered with the state and the executor needs paperwork so they can close the estate. The is also the facilities. You need vehicl...	[ "In the United States, there are more than 19,322 funeral homes, approximately 115,000 cemeteries, 1,155 crematories, and an estimated 300 casket sellers. The total revenue produced from the funeral industry in the U.S. alone was $14.2 billion in 2016. Enough embalming fluid is buried every year to fill eight Olymp...
How did Pikemen fight other Pikemen?	Classical era spearman (at least in a greek army) would have fought in a phalanx, where the 1st row bears shields and the 2nd and 3rd rows hold spears above and through the wall of shield to create an armored front (based on your flair you probably know far more about this than I do). A 16th century pikeman would have ...	[ "The pike, being unwieldy, was typically used in a deliberate, defensive manner, often alongside other missile and melee weapons. However, better-trained troops were capable of using the pike in an aggressive attack with each rank of pikemen being trained to hold their pikes so that they presented enemy infantry wi...
why are all the olympics money losers except los angeles in 1984? what did they do that all other host cities refuse or were unable to do?	As far as I remember, most of the infrastructure was already in place. That's usually the biggest expenditure.	[ "The 1984 Summer Olympics marked the second time Los Angeles had staged the Olympic Games. Much like the 1932 Summer Olympics, Los Angeles was the only city to submit a bid. Los Angeles was elected as the host city at the 80th IOC Session in Athens in 1978. The cost overruns of the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal ...
computational complexity theory	Some problems are really easy to solve, like finding the ace of spades in a deck of cards that has been shuffled. Some problems are a little bit harder, like taking deck of cards that has been shuffled and putting it back in order. Some problems are a lot harder, like figuring out whether some combination of the card...	[ "Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other. A computational problem is understood to be a task that is in principle amenable to being solved by a compute...
why are we forced to open our mouth while yawning?	You can learn to overcome the urge to open your mouth... especially if you are in boring classes or meetings where openly yawning is considered rude! It does require controlling the muscles in the back of your jaw and inner ear area - also very useful for equalising the pressure in your ears while flying or diving...	[ "Some cultures lend yawning spiritual significance. An open mouth has been associated with letting good immaterial things (such as the soul) escape or letting bad ones (evil spirits) enter, and yawning may have been thought to increase these risks. Covering the mouth when yawning may have been a way to prevent such...
why is cursive writing the default writing style in russia but phasing out in english?	It is easier to write Cyrillic in cursive than in print. Д for example is annoying as fuck to write in print for example. Some people write in a mixed fashion with some parts cursive and some parts written. Source: Know a Cyrillic language.	[ "Russian cursive is much like contemporary English and other Latin cursives. But unlike Latin handwriting, which can range from fully cursive to heavily resembling the printed typefaces and where idiosyncratic mixed systems are most common, it is standard practice to write Russian in Russian cursive almost exclusiv...
How was king Alfred able to stop the great heathen army	The Great Heathen army wasn't some great, unstoppable force. In fact, they were very nearly defeated by the Northumbrians outside York shortly after their initial arrival in England. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and Asser's Vita Ælfredi charts a long series of battles throughout the late 860s and early 870s and Wessex...	[ "The Lostwithiel campaign proved to be the end of Essex's military career. His army participated in the Second Battle of Newbury on 27 October. However, the Earl was sick in Reading at the time. His conduct in the West Country had frustrated Cromwell, now the most prominent member of the House of Commons following ...
how did the us have jurisdiction over japan's unit 731 in terms of exchanging immunity for their research when most of the victims were chinese or russian?	The simple answer is that they were arrested by US forces, and it was the US that won the war on Japan. You could certainly argue that it was not "fair" that the US got this information, but this occurred at a time when countries would try and take over the world. How "fair" it was paled in comparison to national secur...	[ "The Soviet Union and Chinese Communist forces also held trials of Japanese war criminals. The Khabarovsk War Crime Trials held by the Soviets tried and found guilty some members of Japan's bacteriological and chemical warfare unit, also known as Unit 731. However, those who surrendered to the Americans were never ...
How were former Nazis treated differently in East Germany, West Germany, and Austria?	This is my take on West and East Germany with regards to your question, hope it helps. The attitudes adopted to former-Nazis in the direct post-war period was linked to the policy of 'Denazification'. This policy was pursued by the Allies of World War 2 to root out Nazi influence in Germany society, such as removing ...	[ "BULLET::::- Germany and Austria after World War II when many former enthusiastic members of the Nazi Party embraced the newly created nations of West Germany or East Germany and sought to erase or at least minimize their former role as Nazis. During the decades that followed many former Nazis regained prestige and...
why do we quote actors and their characters they play instead of the writers of the script?	Because most people don't care, it's really as simple as that. Outside of the Oscar's, movie writers get very little attention.	[ "Dialogue can be very important to the film industry, because there are no written words to explain the characters or plot; it all has to be explained through dialogue and imagery. Bollywood and other Indian film industries use separate dialogue writers in addition to the screenplay writers.\n", "Since there are ...
How did Mao Zedong manage to stay in power after The Great Leap Forward?	Mao is a controversial topic both in the West and in China, and the reason for this is that it is legitimately kind of difficult to assess his time in power in China. Now, I have written previously on AH about historians' views of Mao, particularly those of the ones I know personally. They don't like Mao and think that...	[ "Mao Zedong was the Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, which took control of China in 1949, until his death in September 1976. During this time, he instituted several reform efforts, the most notable of which were the Great Leap Forward, and the Cultural Revolution. In January 1958, Mao launched the 5-year pl...
are the numbered designations of armed forces units accurate? ie. were there 100 groups of airborne units before the 101st? or if you're in like, the 473rd battalion of whatever, are there in fact 472 other battalions?	_URL_0_ TL;DR - there's no one system to make sense of them. Some are based on history or tradition, others just happen to be the numbers assigned at the time. Arguably, the military doesn't want the numbering to make sense.	[ "Other than the aforementioned Armored, Cavalry, and Infantry, the only official Army division designations are Air Assault (one test division), Airborne, Light (three test divisions in World War II), Motorized (briefly authorized from 1942 to 1943), and Mountain. For lineage purposes, the 101st Airborne Division m...
is the suns energy limited, or does it generate energy itself? how does it work?	The Sun's energy is limited. It will start running out in approximately 5 billion years. The Sun is made up of mostly hydrogen. The gravitation forces of the Sun cause the hydrogen to fuse together into helium, releasing a lot of energy in the process. Eventually, the hydrogen will run out. The Sun will keep fusing it...	[ "The Sun’s solar energy can also be harnessed for its heat. When the Sun’s energy heats a fluid in a closed system, its pressure and temperature rise. When introduced to a turbine, the fluid expands, turning the turbine and producing electrical power.\n", "Energy received from the sun by the earth is that of elec...
why does mouthwash sting my mouth but liquor only burns when you swallow it?	Try rinsing your mouth for a minute with liquor. It will start to burn. With mouthwash you have alcohol and the mixture of essential oils that kill bacteria, work as an antiseptic, and removes the biofilm that builds on teeth (plaque). The essential oils come from plants likes mint and eucolyptus; giving us menthol an...	[ "Minor and transient side effects of mouthwashes are very common, such as taste disturbance, tooth staining, sensation of a dry mouth, etc. Alcohol-containing mouthwashes may make dry mouth and halitosis worse since it dries out the mouth. Soreness, ulceration and redness may sometimes occur (e.g. aphthous stomatit...
Hey Italian historians, where should I go?	Everyone's gonna tell you the usual places. Rome, Florence, Venice. I want to make a pitch for Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire in its waning days. When Rome "fell", it fell from this city. The mosaics are stunningly brilliant, especially the ones of Justinian in San Vitale. The double shelled dome...	[ "\"Modern Italy\" is the official journal of the Association for the Study of Modern Italy. Founded in 1995, the journal’s focus is the history, politics and social, economic and cultural studies of Italy, Italian affairs and the Italian peoples from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century. The journal publishes...
How/why do black holes have electric charge that can be determined from outside?	You could just as well ask that question about mass, too, since by that logic information about the mass of a black hole can't escape either. I think people get confused when we talk about the electromagnetic force being communicated by photons. It's not that two faraway charges are attracting or repelling each other ...	[ "A charged black hole is a black hole that possesses electric charge. Since the electromagnetic repulsion in compressing an electrically charged mass is dramatically greater than the gravitational attraction (by about 40 orders of magnitude), it is not expected that black holes with a significant electric charge wi...
Why would Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors cause catastrophic damage only 6-8 miles wide?	They're travelling very, very fast. The kinetic energy of Halley's comet, travelling at Earth's orbital speed, for example, is equivalent to 23 million megatons of TNT. That's quite a lot of energy.	[ "An impact by a asteroid on the Earth has historically caused an extinction-level event due to catastrophic damage to the biosphere. There is also the threat from comets entering the inner Solar System. The impact speed of a long-period comet would likely be several times greater than that of a near-Earth asteroid,...
Should I read "The Gallic Wars" by Julius Caesar, or read a modern book about the topic instead?	You can sort-of compromise by reading [the Landmark edition](_URL_0_) This includes maps etc. which might help you follow the action. They also published a [bunch of appendices/annexes/essays online](_URL_1_) (previous books just included these in the print version, but by making them online a side-effect is they're ...	[ "Commentāriī dē Bellō Gallicō (), also Bellum Gallicum (), is Julius Caesar's firsthand account of the Gallic Wars, written as a third-person narrative. In it Caesar describes the battles and intrigues that took place in the nine years he spent fighting the Germanic peoples and Celtic peoples in Gaul that opposed R...
Why are there so many French terms in diplomacy?	It has to do with the reverence the world had for the French language in the 18th and 19th century, during the development of global diplomacy. Was it linked to French power before the Franco-Prussian war? Sure was, but there was also a major cult of the language itself, deemed to be the most beautiful language, the be...	[ "In diplomacy, French is one of the six official languages of the United Nations (and one of the UN Secretariat's only two working languages), one of twenty official and three working languages of the European Union, an official language of NATO, the International Olympic Committee, the Council of Europe, the Organ...
What is the biochemistry behind things like breasts ceasing growth at a certain size?	I've only worked on signalling and development a little bit but most regulation has to do with different epigenetic changes as the result of some sort of external signal. For example [human growth hormone](_URL_0_) which is already used as a pharmaceutical. Also a lot of development is not just dependent on a specific...	[ "The breasts are principally composed of adipose, glandular, and connective tissues. Because these tissues have hormone receptors, their sizes and volumes fluctuate according to the hormonal changes particular to thelarche (sprouting of breasts), menstruation (egg production), pregnancy (reproduction), lactation (f...
How often was "The Plank" a mode of punishment during the heyday of Piracy?	"Walking the Plank" is a largely Hollywood invention, as a matter of fact. There is only one mention of the practice from the period, and that is in Francis Grose's [Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue](_URL_0_), which itself was not published until 1785, long after the Golden Age of Piracy. More common was [keelhauling....	[ "Defoe/Johnson published the statute relating to piracy in the early 18th century in \"A General History of the Pyrates\". The crime was differentiated from wartime privateering in the statute, and defined who was punishable in very specific terms. The prescribed punishment, if convicted, was \"Death without Benefi...
Did the Americans produce more propaganda in WWI than other countries? If so, why?	I want to begin by saying I am deeply upset about this. I have two shelves of books at home about this very subject, and I love to talk about it, and I could give you an amazing and probably very specific answer if I had a moment to check into everything for you... ...but I am currently writing this comment from a gr...	[ "During World War II, the United States officially had no propaganda, but the Roosevelt government used means to circumvent this official line. One such propaganda tool was the publicly owned but government-funded Writers' War Board (WWB). The activities of the WWB were so extensive that it has been called the \"gr...
what is a trust?	Think of a trust as an invisible, perfectly obedient person. You can give this person your stuff, then tell it what to do with it. You're thinking: "Why would I do that?" Well, consider what happens when you die. When you die all your stuff and money suddenly needs to be sorted out, including debts, inheritances, e...	[ "A trust or corporate trust is a large grouping of business interests with significant market power, which may be embodied as a corporation or as a group of corporations that cooperate with one another in various ways. These ways can include constituting a trade association, owning stock in one another, constitutin...
why do pills come in different forms? (ie. capsules, tablets, etc...)	It has to do with the form of the drug, and how it should be released over what period of time. Some drugs are put into capsules to delay the release, some are put into capsules to disguise taste, and some are put in capsules to prevent it from reacting to early. Others are left in tablet form because they have none of...	[ "A pill was originally defined as a small, round, solid pharmaceutical oral dosage form of medication. The oldest known pills were made of the zinc carbonates hydrozincite and smithsonite. The pills were used for sore eyes, and were found aboard a Roman ship Relitto del Pozzino which wrecked in 140 BC. Today, pills...
Why did Clement V specifically pick Avignon as the Catholic seat during papal exile in the 14th century?	Technically, the Avignon popes resided first in Carpentras, northeast of Avignon, which was the capital of the papal territory known as the Comtat Venaissin and had been ever since it was given to the papacy by Philip III in 1274. Avignon proper was independent of the Comtat, but it was owned by the Angevin counts of P...	[ "Between 1305 and 1309, Clement V moved from Bordeaux to Poitiers to Toulouse before taking up residence as a guest in the Dominican monastery of Avignon (at the time, a fief of Naples, and part of the \"Comtat Venaissin\", a territory directly subject to the Holy See since 1228). Clement V's decision to relocate t...
If the North Korean rocket is orbiting the Earth, why is it's presumed range as an ICBM limited to the West coast of the US?	I'm guessing it's because a payload containing whatever crude nuclear weapon they would able to deliver would likely have a much greater mass than the ~100 kg [Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3](_URL_0_) "weather" satellite they launched, limiting the range of their [Unha 3 rocket](_URL_1_) to a suborbital flight. Rockets only have a c...	[ "North Korea stated that the missile reached an altitude of around 4,475 km and traveled some 950 km downrange with a flight time of 53 minutes. Based on its trajectory and distance, the missile would have a range of more than 13,000 km (8,100 miles) – more than enough to reach Washington D.C. and the rest of the U...
During the American revolutionary war, how were the civilian loyalists treated by the patriots?	They were generally treated very poorly. Many had property confiscated or destroyed, were tarred and feathered, and some were stripped naked and paraded through the streets (including women and children). It's pretty messed up, all in the name of patriotism. That's why so many fled from the colonies during the war. In ...	[ "Loyalists were American colonists who stayed loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often called Tories, Royalists, or King's Men at the time. They were opposed by the \"Patriots\", who supported the revolution, and called them \"persons inimical to the liberties of America\". Prominent ...
how can i feel like i'm going to pass out, but as soon as i lay down to sleep i feel wide awake?	Not being able to "turn off" your thoughts can be brought on by stress. Try to let go of the things you are thinking about, either with the help of some visualizations, or physically writing things down as a way to remind yourself that you're setting that thought aside for now. Or google "yoga relaxation poses" for so...	[ "\"“I was in bed and about to fall asleep when I had the distinct impression that “I” was at the ceiling level looking down at my body in the bed. I was very startled and frightened; immediately [afterward] I felt that, I was consciously back in the bed again.”\"\n", "He said: \"Well I thought that the most dread...
My family has always told me that you should run the water from the sink for a little bit (around 30 seconds) before using it, especially for drinking. Is there any truth to this?	This is something that can be useful for older houses however is not necessary for newer houses. Older houses may have lead pipes. Running the water will flush out the water that has been sitting in the pipe collecting small amounts of lead. The fresh water running through the pipes will not be exposed to the pipe as l...	[ "BULLET::::- Mul-hang (): In the old days, water was used as a drinking water in the creek and village wells, so a pot was needed to store water in each house. I used to stand on the side of the kitchen or to dig a part of the cooktop and use it.\n", "BULLET::::- Only way to ensure that your water is clean is by ...
exif data on a dslr. f-stop, shutterspeed and iso.	First think about how a camera works digital or otherwise. There's a light sensitive plate in a dark box that is exposed to light. The light causes an image to be "imprinted" on the plate. So what are our variables here: F-stop: This is how wide the hole is that allows the light to get into the box and hit the light s...	[ "The DSC-RX10 II is marketed in July 2015, it boasts a new faster sensor generation (Exmor RS) and the video 4K. The autofocus progresses with 0.9 seconds on a moving object. The maximum shutter speed is 1/32000 seconds, the burst passes 16 i/s.\n", "The Servo EE Finder added shutter priority automatic exposure t...
the special/general theory of relativity and antimatter.	Those are entirely different things. The special theory of relativity is based on the discovery that the speed of light is always constant. We've measured the light from distant stars, nearby lasers, pointed our testing tools in every conceivable direction and speed, and we found that the speed of light is always cons...	[ "Doubly special relativity (DSR) – also called deformed special relativity or, by some, extra-special relativity – is a modified theory of special relativity in which there is not only an observer-independent maximum velocity (the speed of light), but an observer-independent maximum energy scale and minimum length ...
Why is do neurons at rest have a negative charge even though they are filled with K+ ions?	The things you're asking are actually technically in the realm of physics, and a physicist I am not. So I'm going to give you the biologist answer which is a bit lazy and perhaps lax with terminology. But here is the gist. The "negative charge" is more correctly termed a "negative resting potential" and is measured i...	[ "For a neuron at rest, there is a high concentration of sodium and chloride ions in the extracellular fluid compared to the intracellular fluid, while there is a high concentration of potassium ions in the intracellular fluid compared to the extracellular fluid. The difference in concentrations, which causes ions t...
Has anyone ever proposed a calendar that is based on science or world history instead of religious events?	Yes. The French Revolutionary calendar or the Jacobin Calendar was an attempt to do such a thing. The Convention of October 1793 proclaimed the calendar in the spirit of anticlericalism that was sweeping France at the time of the Revolution. The Jacobin or Republican era was proclaimed to have begun on the autu...	[ "Scholars have speculated that the calendar could be a schoolboy's memory exercise, the text of a popular folk song or a children's song. Another possibility is something designed for the collection of taxes from farmers.\n", "It cannot be, because such a practice presupposes a long series of astronomical observa...
why are conservatives on my facebook talking about being on the brink of world war 3?	It's all about fear. Fear is what keeps conservatism going. The fear of losing what you have, the fear of others being able to succeed, fear of anyone who is different. Scum like Murdoch feed this fear as it makes them money and keeps their puppets in power.	[ "The CNN / Opinion Research poll conducted May 21–23, 2010 noted that the war remained popular with Republicans, with a majority two-thirds of them favoring continuation of the war. 27% of Democrats supported the war, and among independents support has fallen to 40%.\n", "Support for the war among the American pe...
with all the technological advancements and economic groth why could baby boomer generation universally afford to own houses and todays generation can't seem to afford anything?	Ten people had a field and produced 15 apples. Everyone got one, the best worker got 2 more and the guy who had the idea of planting apples got three more: 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,4. & nbsp; Then, they learned how to produce 25 apples in the same field, but changed their economic system and the new distribution is: ½,...	[ "It's obvious that the ease with which my generation moved into houses has disappeared... This generation it is extremely hard for them to get into real estate. I've watched all my kids struggling and it's almost true that unless the baby boomer parents use some of their ill-gotten gains to help the next generation...
Does everyone have the same number of muscle cells?	Not at all. Muscle cells can under go hyperplasia (increased cell number) and dystrophy (ie. muscular dystrophy which can be caused by a loss of muscle cells. Depending on the use and disuse of the muscle, either of these can occur. Although, in terms of hyperplasia, muscles generally under go hypertrophy (increase ...	[ "The muscle cells are the largest cells in the body with a volume thousands of times larger than most other body cells. To support this large volume, the muscle cells are one of the very few in the mammalian body that contain several cell nuclei. Such multinucleated cells are called syncytia. Strength-training incr...
What causes land to be land, and oceans ocean? Why are some tectonic plates oceanic, and others continental? And why are some plates split roughly half and half?	Short answer, compositional (and thus density) differences. Oceanic crust is almost entirely [basalt](_URL_1_) or the coarser grained (i.e. larger individual mineral crystals) equivalent gabbro with a thin veneer of sediments. Continental crust is much more diverse compositionally, but if you consider it in bulk it is ...	[ "The Pacific Plate is the largest known plate on Earth. It is considered an oceanic plate because it is much more dense than a continental plate. That is the reason why oceanic plates always subduct under another plate. There are only a few places where the Pacific Plate is actually above the ocean. Most of the coa...
What are the differences among cancerous cells in organs other than location and subsequent effect on the organ?	Is what you're asking "what makes one cancer different than another?" I apologize if I misunderstood your question. Cancer is a broad term. Most of the cells in our body divide and grow in response to cellular signaling. Cell growth and divsion is a complex process that involves replication of DNA, transcription of RN...	[ "The pattern of branching and the rate of cell proliferation can contribute to the shape of different organs. As such, the use of the glial-cell-line neutotrophic factor (GDNF) has been found to contribute to uterine tissues.\n", "The content of the cell, inside the cell membrane, is composed of numerous membrane...
how can a few tiny crystals of fentanyl can be fatal	To answer your question we'd need a more specific measurement, ideally in micrograms. But that may be part of the answer you are looking for. Fentayl is an extremely potent narcotic. It has an effective dose at 1000 times lower doses than other narcotics. Similarly, a lethal dose of Fentanyl can be quite small. Fe...	[ "The fentanyl patch is one of a small number of medications that may be especially harmful, and in some cases fatal, with just one dose, if used by someone other than the person for whom the medication was prescribed. Unused fentanyl patches should be kept in a secure location that is out of children's sight and re...
Can any historians recommend a book about Central American history, with coverage of political and business, in a professional neutral viewpoint?	I think there is still no good book out on United Fruit. Good starting points would be: The Banana Wars: United States Intervention in the Caribbean, 1898-1934 The Banana Wars: A History of United States Military Intervention in Latin America from the Spanish-American War to the Invasion of Panama	[ "Murdo J. MacLeod is a Scottish historian of Latin America, publishing extensively on the history of colonial-era Central America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic world. His monograph \"Spanish Central America: A Socioeconomic History\" is a major contribution to the field.\n", "His major monograph, \"Spanish Cen...
Does dyslexia occur in blind people, for instance when reading braille text?	[_URL_0_](_URL_0_) & #x200B; Why you can be both blind and dyslexic	[ "Dyslexia also known as reading disabilities creates several possible symptoms. It is assumed, among other things, that auditive, visual and phonological deficits. In simplest terms, these deficiencies lead to difficulties in the task of translating the written language into the spoken language while reading, and, ...
if google has a market cap 10x that of direct tv why are they having such a hard time laying infrastructure	DirectTV hasn't laid any infrastructure at all. They're entirely focused on providing TV/audio streams by satellite. They only offer internet packages as a middle man, so you'd actually be buying from Verizon or CenturyLink. Well, now it'll all be AT & T, given the merger. In general though, the issue isn't money, it'...	[ "While the future development of IPTV probably lies with a number of coexisting architectures and implementations, it is clear that broadcasting of high bandwidth applications such as IPTV is accomplished more efficiently and cost-effectively using satellite and it is predicted that the majority of global IPTV grow...

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