Split (2)

train · 226k rows

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What's the current scientific consensus on the effect of dietary fat on heart disease?	The original saturated fat hypothesis for heart disease was incredibly poorly supported. It was using comparisons between only a few countries that didn't adequately segregate between all possible variables. That's why you got things like the so-called "French Paradox". France ate 3x the saturated fat as America, bu...	[ "Similarly, the authors of a 2009 review of dietary studies concluded that there was insufficient evidence to establish a causal link between consumption of saturated fats and coronary heart disease risk.\n", "Controversy continues about the study itself, and about the strength and causality of the association be...
How did lords control their land?	Lords were frequently not able to control their vassals. The problem of an "over-mighty vassal" is most apparent with the troublesome Duchy of Normandy, whose rulers eventually became kings of England, even though they were technically vassals of the crown of France. This eventually resulted in the Hundred Years War. S...	[ "Established in 1627 in New France and abolished in 1854, the feudal system allowed the state to divide the territory into fiefs and lordships to sustain the momentum of colonization. This stately institution allowed the distribution and land use by controlling the development. In each fiefs or manors, lords attrib...
how do doctors know the type of cancer someone has when it's metastatic?	Sometimes they don't. There are ways to tell, taking biopsy and examining the cells from the secondary tumours but often it's not practical or helpful and it depends on the individual case. My father was diagnosed with liver and lung cancer but we were told that they didn't know where the primary tumour had came from....	[ "The cells in a metastatic tumor resemble those in the primary tumor. Once the cancerous tissue is examined under a microscope to determine the cell type, a doctor can usually tell whether that type of cell is normally found in the part of the body from which the tissue sample was taken.\n", "Presence of metastas...
At the end of Fight Club, the main character shoots himself in the head with a gun in his mouth and just ends up with a hole in his neck. Is this possible, improbable or just outright ridiculous?	Surprisingly yes. [Here](_URL_2_) [Another](_URL_0_) [Last one for now](_URL_1_) It's still quite rare for most psychiatric patients to attempt a self-inflicted gunshot wound, pills are a far more common choice, but even a gunshot to the head is not a guaranteed death by any means.	[ "After both men have fallen to the ground from their separate shootings, another man, Eric (Shia LaBeouf), enters looking for them (saying he's \"just thought of the funniest thing\"). Dave comes back to life to shoot Eric in the stomach, who collapses, once again to the same music. The sister herself (Kristen Wiig...
are you good with css?	CSS is very easy coding wise. The only difficult area I might see is finding what you want or you're looking for in clarity of the links. _URL_0_ - this page is what you're going after correct link wise?	[ "CSS-in-JS is a styling technique where JavaScript is used to style components. When this JavaScript is parsed, CSS is generated (usually as a style element) and attached into the DOM. It allows you to abstract CSS to the component level itself, using JavaScript to describe styles in a declarative and maintainable ...
what was the justification for the chinese government selecting the last panchen lama?	The way I understand it is China had a pretty good relationship with the Tibetan buddhists and for hundreds of years there was an understanding between the two. The Chinese respected the choices made by the Panchen for finding the next Dalai Lama. Fast forward to the current Dalai Lama and the friction between them...	[ "In 1995, the Dalai Lama chose to proceed with the selection of the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama without the use of the Golden Urn, while the Chinese government insisted that it must be used. This has led to two rival Panchen Lamas: Gyaincain Norbu as chosen by the Chinese government's process, and Gedhun...
When one washes the dishes, is the soap foam a good 'practical' indicator about how dirty is the water?	It is a good indicator about how much soap is left to clean off your dishes. Soaps don't truly react with anything, but they do surround fats and oils and "pull it off" the dirty surfaces. So if the soap is being used to surround a glob of oil, it can't make foam (which is basically air surrounded by soap). Now th...	[ "Solid soap, because of its reusable nature, may hold bacteria acquired from previous uses. A small number of studies which have looked at the bacterial transfer from contaminated solid soap have concluded transfer is unlikely as the bacteria are rinsed off with the foam. The CDC still states \"liquid soap with han...
why do google captchas make you click street signs?	They're used to train their image recognition software so that they can read street signs more accurately.	[ "In 2012, reCAPTCHA began using photographs taken from Google Street View project, in addition to scanned words. As for 2019 image identification captchas - such as store fronts, buses, cross-walks, traffic lights - became the only type of captcha offered by the system.\n", "Google's AdWords program enables adver...
how is nintendo able to demand ad revenue for related youtube videos?	Fair Use doesn't technically apply to Let's Play content so Nintendo is under no legal obligation to allow that content to remain on YouTube, so they can hold it to ransom all it likes. Fair Use mostly applies to Review content (which Nintendo have been striking off YouTube too, because they're crazy)	[ "Much of YouTube's revenue goes to the copyright holders of the videos. In 2010, it was reported that nearly a third of the videos with advertisements were uploaded without permission of the copyright holders. YouTube gives an option for copyright holders to locate and remove their videos or to have them continue r...
after a band breaks up or a musician dies, who profits from the sale of their merchandise and music?	It really varies a lot based on the legal structure of the group (e.g., incorporated or not) and their agreements with the record label. In general, copyright is treated like any other property, and may be sold, transferred by a will, and so on. For example, if the artist assigns the copyright to the band's corporati...	[ "This is going to happen whether they like it or not. It's got too much momentum, it's too big to stop now. It will be like Moomba with a message. Whenever a natural disaster happens, musicians are the first to put their hand up and offer support. Now it's time for the public, who get music free online and hear it ...
Non-combustive exothermic reactions?	Unless you mean exothermic without oxidizing (Combustion is just a faster oxidizing reaction) I'd vote for: * Potassium Permanganate and Glycerol or Ethylene glycol * Cyanoacrylate and cotton One problem is they both eventually burst into flame, but only because they're reaching the ignition temperature for either Gl...	[ "A reaction is said to be exergonic if the final state is lower on the energy scale than the initial state; in the case of endergonic reactions the situation is the reverse. A reaction is said to be exothermic if the reaction releases heat to the surroundings; in the case of endothermic reactions, the reaction abso...
How would I go about making a superconducting magnetic train?	> You have to make a superconductor by cooling strong magnets with liquid nitrogen. No, that's not how superconductors work, you need to have something made specifically from a superconductive material. > What kind of magnets do I use? What strength? Ordinary neodymium magnets would be fine. > How much liquid ni...	[ "Superconducting magnets on a train above a track made out of a permanent magnet lock the train into its lateral position. It can move linearly along the track, but not off the track. This is due to the Meissner effect and flux pinning.\n", "An alternate operating mode used by most superconducting magnets is to s...
At what age does human hearing fully mature?	Hearing in infancy is much less sensitive (to quiet, high, and low sounds) than in adulthood. An informative paragraph from a review of the topic (pdf: [Mattock, Amitay, & Moore, 2010](_URL_0_)): "It is not entirely clear when human hearing begins, but behavioural indices, such as fetal movements in response to exte...	[ "Usually occurs after age 50, but deterioration in hearing has been found to start very early, from about the age of 18 years. The ISO standard 7029 shows expected threshold changes due purely to age for carefully screened populations (i.e. excluding those with ear disease, noise exposure etc.), based on a meta-ana...
why does a gyroscope resist being rotated	This video is far greater than any words I can possibly convey: _URL_0_	[ "A gyroscope, not to be confused with gyrocompass, is a spinning wheel mounted on a set of gimbals so that its axis is free to orient itself in any way. When it is spun up to speed with its axis pointing in some direction, due to the law of conservation of angular momentum, such a wheel will normally maintain its o...
why can you cook some things from frozen but not others?	You can't cook originally fresh chicken from frozen?? Uh oh...	[ "Frozen products do not require any added preservatives because microorganisms do not grow when the temperature of the food is below , which is sufficient on its own in preventing food spoilage. Long-term preservation of food may call for food storage at even lower temperatures. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), a tast...
how does the https transfer the key to decrypt the data without compromising the contents of said data?	If data could be encrypted with a paint colour, then... If I wanted to send you encrypted data, first I would send you some random colour paint. Next, you and I would independently choose a second secret random colour paint (both different) and mix it with the first colour I just sent you. We would come up with two n...	[ "After connecting to the C2 server, it will retrieve the encryption key, then start the process. It will first encrypt the \"/Users\" folder, then after that \"/Volumes\" There are also 300 file extensions that are encrypted, such as:\n", "The rest of the communication then proceeds using the new (disposable) sym...
What would happen to the children of prostitutes in Roman society?	In Roman society, children weren't seen as full people. If a parent possessed a child that was unwanted they would abandon them until they either were adopted by somebody that did want them, or succumbed to exposure. It would come to no surprise then, that this was a common practice among prostitutes in Roman society. ...	[ "Athenian prostitutes probably committed infanticide more frequently than married citizen women; Sarah Pomeroy suggests that they would have preferred daughters – who could become prostitutes – to sons. Some prostitutes also bought slaves, and trained abandoned children to work in the profession.\n", "Prostitutes...
Was there a peaceful coexistence between the early Christian groups?	I can come up with a couple examples: > And certain men which came down from Judaea taught the brethren, and said, Except ye be circumcised after the manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved. When therefore Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and disputation with them, they determined that Paul and Barnabas, and cer...	[ "The second and more prominent cause of these rivalries started when the Christian missionaries arrived. Two groups showed up in the pre-colonial period: the Protestant English missionaries under the African inland mission and the Catholic Irish missionaries. These two groups brought their animosities with them fro...
how the casino know where we put our bets on the roulette and how do they avoid us lying that we won the bet?	Each player has different colored chips. There is a big table with all the possible options that you can bet on. There's a space for each number, for black, for red, for odd numbers, etc. You have to put your chips on the table before the dealer waves and says no more bets. There is a camera right above it. Then the ba...	[ "Players place their bets on certain areas of the table as shown in the picture above. The dealer then picks up a small chest containing the dice, which he/she closes and shakes. Finally the dealer opens the chest to reveal the combination.\n", "Each casino may set which bets are offered and different payouts for...
How did France's Revolutionary Army equip itself? How could it supply almost a million men?	The French Revolutionary army was an odd animal. Hodgepodge and haphazard, the Revolutionary army was very different than the previous armies of France. Rather than the restrained, well kept armies dressed in white, the French Revolutionary army was funded and equipped with what they found or given. The French Revolut...	[ "The creation of the French Revolutionary Army was largely due to his powers of organization and enforcing discipline. In order to raise more troops for the war, Carnot introduced conscription: the \"levée en masse\" approved by the National Convention was able to raise France’s army from 645,000 troops in mid-1793...
why does playing a game at higher frames than originally intended (e.g. 60fps instead of 30fps) often cause glitches with the physics?	These games run the FPS and the physics engine in the same loop, and make some assumptions about the speed. They don't calculate physics that would have happened since the last calculation, they just calculate another 1/30 of a second of physics. So, by increasing the FPS, you increase the number of physics calculation...	[ "\"Maximum\" thoroughly panned this version for its lack of PAL optimization, large borders, choppy frame rate even on the smallest possible screen size, bland color palette, music which is lacking in atmosphere, and load times. They added that the frame rate and slowdown make the game too easy: \"When large amount...
What are the properties of plasma formed at reentry in the atmosphere?	Oxygen glows blue due to [glow discharge](_URL_0_) while re-entry plasma is basically a [black body](_URL_2_) and its color depends on its temperature. According to [NASA](_URL_3_) the space shuttle reaches 3000 Farenheit, which is 1900 Kelvin which corresponds to orange-red black body radiation. EDIT: Here is a [Te...	[ "Plasma recombination is a process by which positive ions of a plasma capture a free (energetic) electron and combine with electrons or negative ions to form new neutral atoms (gas). Recombination is an exothermic reaction, meaning heat releasing reaction.\n", "In 2013, a group of materials scientists reported th...
what difference does the wheel size make, specifically in regards to winter tires?	You want narrow tires for snow/ice. 245/45R18 aren't that narrow. Usually what people do is buy a cheap set of steel rims in a size common on econoboxes, so they cay buy cheap, tall, narrow econobox winter tires to put on them. Also because you can slide around into curbs and only mess up your cheap steel rims and not...	[ "Snow tires or Winter tires are tires designed for use in colder weather, snow and ice. To improve traction, they are made of different rubber and have a different tread pattern from regular street tires.\n", "Snow tires—also called winter tires—are tires designed for use on snow and ice. Snow tires have a tread ...
why i get so many nose bleeds in the winter and other people don't	Cold air is dry air. You may be able to make the nosebleeds stop by getting a humidifier for your home, or at least for your bedroom.	[ "It is possible that the nasal cycle may exacerbate the nasal congestion caused by the common cold, as the lack of motility of the cilia in one half of the nose may lead to an uncomfortable sensation of not being able to shift mucus by blowing the nose.\n", "Nosebleeds can occur due to a variety of reasons. Some ...
the amazon web services	The basic idea is that Amazon has shitloads of computers, all set up so that if one goes down, nobody will ever notice. They've designed their system to handle massive spikes of customers so they can handle the holiday rush. Once they had all this figured out, they realized they could rent out server space/time. E...	[ "Amazon Webstore allowed businesses to create custom e-commerce online stores using Amazon technology. Sellers selected the category for their business, and paid a commission of 1-2%, plus credit-card processing fees and fraud protection, and a subscription fee depending on the bundle option for an unlimited number...
How centralized was the Sassanid Empire?	Honestly, it's hard to say. By the time of the Arab invasion, the Sasanian monarchy had by and large collapsed, and Khusrau Anushirwan's decision to split the empire into four administrative regions exacerbated this, turning it into, effectively, a series of principalities governed by the powerful nobility. I've expan...	[ "The Sassanid Empire is the name used for the fourth Iranian dynasty, and the second Persian Empire (226–651). The empire's territory encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Armenia, Afghanistan, eastern parts of Turkey, and parts of Syria, Pakistan, and large parts of Caucasia, Central Asia and Arabia. During Khosr...
How did the jellyfish lifecycle evolve?	just a highschool student, so this might be wrong, please correct me if i am: the polyp phase is adapted to sitting at the sea floor and getting food there, having is tentacles pointing upwards and its mouth adapted to eat stuff that it finds there. after it gets enough time to grow and mature, the adult jellyfish we'r...	[ "Most jellyfish species have a relatively fixed life-span, which varies by species from hours to many months (long-lived mature jellyfish spawn every day or night; the time is also fairly fixed and species-specific). The medusa of \"Turritopsis dohrnii\" is the only form known to have developed the ability to retur...
How do our bodies stay together?	Big question my friend. Covalent Bonds: Atoms form together to form molecules. I am not a quantum physicist, so I can not explain this process perfectly, but simply put, atoms join together because that is what they do. That is the nature of out universe. By sharing electrons, they form a lower energy state, and they ...	[ "This system describes how bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments. The bones provide stability to the body. Muscles keep bones in place and also play a role in the movement of bones. To allow motion, different bones are connected by joints. Cartilage...
Why would an asteroid impact produce more than a hole in the ground?	Keep in mind that meteors impact really, really fast. The meteorite that produced [Meteor Crater](_URL_0_) is theorized to have impacted at 12.8km/s. At that speed, it doesn't just leave a hole in the ground: The meteor is heated by the extreme deformation, and most or all of it is immediately vaporized in a large expl...	[ "An impact by a asteroid on the Earth has historically caused an extinction-level event due to catastrophic damage to the biosphere. There is also the threat from comets entering the inner Solar System. The impact speed of a long-period comet would likely be several times greater than that of a near-Earth asteroid,...
Are there problems in computer science that no algorithm can solve for all inputs?	Are you familiar with Undecidable problems: _URL_1_ and specifically the Halting problem?: _URL_0_ Also an important excerpt: > Alan Turing proved in 1936 that a general algorithm running on a Turing machine that solves the halting problem for all possible program-input pairs necessarily cannot exist.	[ "Physical limitations of computer hardware aside, in principle it is possible to solve any game under the condition that the complete state is known and there is no random chance. Strong solutions, i.e. algorithms that can produce perfect play from any position, are known for some simple games such as Tic Tac Toe/N...
do all software have bugs in their code or can there be bug-free software?	As software becomes more complex, the likelihood that it will be used in unforseen ways increases exponentially. There are tons of bug-free software. Have you ever seen a 4-function calculator crash? Probably not. But, realistically, the chances of having something as complex as Windows or MacOS or a modern day ...	[ "It is common practice to release software with known, low-priority bugs. Most big software projects maintain two lists of \"known bugs\" – those known to the software team, and those to be told to users. The second list informs users about bugs that are not fixed in a specific release and workarounds may be offere...
Did Martin Luther condemn peasants because he truly believed that they were acting like savages, or was he trying to look good for the political leaders that the peasants went against?	My estimation is that Luther meant what he wrote concerning the 1525 Peasants' Rebellion. More broadly, he wasn't politically ignorant, but he was also not really known for flattering those in authority or trying to look good for political leaders against his own views. He knew how to say things in a persuasive way, bu...	[ "Martin Luther, the dominant leader of the Reformation in Germany, took a middle course in the Peasants' War. He criticized both the injustices imposed on the peasants, and the rashness of the peasants in fighting back. He also tended to support the centralization and urbanization of the economy. This position alie...
why do more razor blades = a closer shave and more razor burn?	Each item on a razor blade pulls the skin tighter and tighter as it passes over the skin. A 5 blade razor will pull from the back of the head, and then each blade which will slice closer and closer to the stretched skin. Since your skin isn’t perfectly smooth you end up ‘shaving’ a little bit of your skin off which cau...	[ "Still others argue that straight razors provide a superior shave through a larger blade and greater control of the blade, including the blade angle. Straight razors cover a much greater area per shaving stroke, because their cutting edge is much longer than any of the multi-blade razors.\n", "Double-edge razors ...
why are rear wheel drive cars better for racing than front wheel drive cars	Mostly because 1) when a car accelerates, weight is shifted to the rear. More weight = more traction. By the same token, less weight in the front means less traction. 2) Steering is easier because in a FWD car, the front wheels have to move the vehicle AND steer. You can get a lot of negative side-effects like torque-s...	[ "A computer-controlled four-wheel-drive differential system allows a car to both accelerate and corner more quickly, since it can vary the amount of torque going to the front and rear wheels, and therefore vary how much the car behaves like a front- or rear-wheel-drive car. This means that through a fast corner the...
If the Moon is slowly moving away from us, what will happen to the Earth when this actually happens?	The Moon will never leave orbit. Its track widens at a rate of only a few centimeters per year, and given current rates of change, the Earth will become tidally locked with the Moon (keeping the same face constantly toward each other) long before it can to leave orbit. At that point its orbit will stop expanding, so we...	[ "Currently, the Moon is moving away from Earth at a rate of 4 cm (1.5 inches) per year. In 50 billion years, if the Earth and Moon are not engulfed by the Sun, they will become tidelocked into a larger, stable orbit, with each showing only one face to the other. Thereafter, the tidal action of the Sun will extract ...
what is that strange feeling of numbness we get when we wake up in the middle of the night?	Yer probably describin' the physical consequences of sleep paralysis. Yarr! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Sleep Paralysis ](_URL_7_) 1. [ELI5: Sleep paralysis and why it happens. ](_URL_0_) 1. [ELI5: Sleep Paralysis ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: Sleep paralysis? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5: H...	[ "Putnam has given his name to Putnam’s acroparaesthesia, a condition characterized by numbness, tingling, anaesthesia and discolouration of the hands on waking in the morning. Together with Charles L. Dana M.D. (1852–1935) he also described the Putnam-Dana syndrome which is a form of generalized subacute neurologic...
how come only the skin on the palm of our hands and at the bottom of our feet get 'soggy' when we are in water for too long? why not our arms or legs etc?	Nobody knows. However [some scientists believe](_URL_0_) it is to give our ancestors better grip on wet/slippery objects, and it is a nervous reaction.	[ "Sometimes a callus occurs where there is no rubbing or pressure. These hyperkeratoses can have a variety of causes. Some toxic materials, such as arsenic, can cause thick palms and soles. Some diseases, such as syphilis, can cause thickening of the palms and soles as well as pinpoint hyperkeratoses. There is a ben...
why and how is bottling up your feelings bad for your health	It'll make you neurotic. If you can't process and come to acceptance of your emotions, it can lead to anxiety, depression, bouts of anger, unhealthy impulses, and self destructive coping mechanisms.	[ "Good emotional health leads to better physical health, prevents diseases, and makes it possible to enjoy life and be happier. In this way one can become a \"medicine person\" through mirror neurons, those that lead to empathy and fire to imitate the emotions of others. Mirror neurons are what make people feel good...
what is the laplacian operator (in both scalar and vector forms) in vector calculus?	The Laplacian can be thought of as the "curvature" of a function. To grossly simplify it, you could say it takes the average of the gradients of a function. For example, a flat surface will have no curvature and thus has a Laplacian of 0.	[ "In mathematics and physics, the vector Laplace operator, denoted by formula_1, named after Pierre-Simon Laplace, is a differential operator defined over a vector field. The vector Laplacian is similar to the scalar Laplacian. Whereas the scalar Laplacian applies to a scalar field and returns a scalar quantity, the...
How historically accurate are Shakespeare's histories?	As Bill Bryson Notes in his edition of the Eminent Lives series, the history plays were highly reflective of the mood and political movements of the time and always looking to curry favour with the Monarch as well as provide entertainment for Londoners of all classes. This, it is believed, is where we get the warped in...	[ "Mainstream Shakespeare scholars maintain that biographical interpretations of literature are unreliable for attributing authorship, and that the convergence of documentary evidence for Shakespeare’s authorship—title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians and official records—is the same as tha...
What happens when hadrons collide in a particle accelerator?	Yes, energy and momentum are conserved. There are many different processes which can occur when particles collide, depending on the types of particles and the collision energy. But the total energy and momentum are always conserved.	[ "particle collider was ADONE, which began operations in 1968. This device accelerated electrons and positrons in opposite directions, effectively doubling the energy of their collision when compared to striking a static target with an electron. The Large Electron–Positron Collider (LEP) at CERN, which was operation...
Celebrations in liberated countries WW2	Although it is common to see flag-waving and bouquet-throwing civilians greeting Allied troops, this is not always representative of experiences across Europe. It is important to note that in many places in Europe, some of which were flattened by preliminary bombing operations or artillery shelling, displayed neither e...	[ "In 1996, the Dade Battlefield State Historic Site hosted the first annual World War II Commemorative Day. Since the first event, the commemoration has grown to include reenactors representing both the Allies and the Axis, vendors, music, encampments, vehicles, and food.\n", "In April 1995, Kentwell Hall presente...
Are there any examples of prophecies that have led to war?	Apparently not haha	[ "\"Falsehood in War-time\" identifies the role propaganda played in World War I, in general and specific terms and lists more than 20 falsehoods that were circulated during the First World War. Ponsonby regards these falsehoods as a fundamental part of the way the war effort was created and sustained, claiming that...
why do some humans become depressed/anxious when all alone and other humans don't?	I don't believe there's a single person who wouldn't get depressed when left alone too long. We're a social species and there are many cases where extended isolation has severely damaged people's mental well-being. Now I think there are definitely people who get depressed faster than the others. Every person is diffe...	[ "People with depression often view themselves as unlovable, helpless, doomed or deficient. They tend to attribute their unpleasant experiences to their presumed physical, mental, and/or moral deficits. They tend to feel excessively guilty, believing that they are worthless, blameworthy, and rejected by self and oth...
if keeping your heart rate up is good for you during exercise, is the same true of watching scary movies, playing video games, or other passive heart rate boosters?	Heart rate increases due to exercise are healthier than heart rate increases due to terror (eg. watching a scary movie). Terror-based heart rate increases are accompanied by a spike in adrenaline, which can be damaging to your heart over time.	[ "But high-intensity exercise would drive the body to excessive coldness, weakness, getting blue face or lips after exercise; moreover after heavy exercise heart rate would take much longer to return to base which is not healthy.\n", "The intensity at which we exercise is key, and light activity such as strolling ...
What exactly caused Europeans to be seen as barbarians by the Chinese?	I believe your question stems from debate regarding the precise definition of the Chinese term 夷 (yi) which appears to have arisen in the mid-19th century. This term was variously translated as 'foreigner' or 'barbarian' - the latter use promulgated by a Pomeranian missionary-cum-translator in China in the early 19th...	[ "In Asia, ancient Indians considered all foreigners barbarians. The Muslim scholar Al-Biruni wrote that the Indians called foreigners impure. A few centuries later, Dubois observes that \"Hindus look upon Europeans as barbarians totally ignorant of all principles of honour and good breeding... In the eyes of a Hind...
What were/are historians' responses to Max Weber's theories?	As a related question, am I wrong in thinking that Weber's definition of the minimal requirement for a state (monopoly on the legitimate use of force within a limited and defined area) is still pretty damn useful?	[ "Weber has influenced many later social theorists, such as Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, György Lukács and Jürgen Habermas. Different elements of his thought were emphasised by Carl Schmitt, Joseph Schumpeter, Ludwig Lachmann, Leo Strauss, Hans Morgenthau, and Raymond Aron. According to the Austrian economist Lud...
why is a two-state solution for palestine/israel so difficult? it seems like a no-brainer.	It's because the situation is an endlessly spiralling disaster. The Jewish people have been persecuted so much throughout history up to and including the Holocaust that they felt the only way they would ever be safe would be to create a Jewish State. They had also been forcibly expelled from numerous other nations thro...	[ "Many attempts have been made to broker a two-state solution, involving the creation of an independent Palestinian state alongside the State of Israel (after Israel's establishment in 1948). In 2007, the majority of both Israelis and Palestinians, according to a number of polls, preferred the two-state solution ove...
how does using a throwaway account protect your identity on reddit?	Well OP, a quick look through your Reddit history, I see several pictures of the same cat which I can presume belongs to you or your family, I see you've posted some marijuana purchases, and I see that you have been active on /r/NoFap. Maybe you can imagine wanting to post a really embarrassing secret to Reddit. It...	[ "A person's personal information may be surreptitiously obtained, commonly described as identity theft, in a variety of ways. A fraudster may use another person's basic personal details (such as name, address, username and PIN) to access the victim's online accounts, including banking accounts, email, and social me...
the process of brewing	Yeast eats sugar and excretes ethanol and carbon dioxide as a waste products. Eventually there is so much alcohol in the solution the yeast dies off and you have an alcoholic beverage. For beer, the sugar typically comes form a specially prepared malted barely. Most homebrewers start with a kit that has all the grai...	[ "Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast. It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as comm...
why does screaming relieve physical pain to an extent?	The theory is that the the part of the brain used for pain and the part of the brain we use for talking or yelling kind of “overlap,” so we can’t really use both at the same time. The brain is quite interesting, but sometimes it really sucks at multitasking, so we’re able to use one part or the other, but not at the s...	[ "Elaine Scarry, writer and literature professor, talks about language in connection to pain and she thinks that pain almost destroys the language because it brings people back into a state where sounds and screams are dominating as they were their means of communication before they learned how to speak. Pain cannot...
what makes something “music”?	It's a bit like asking what makes something art. There's no one definition that everyone agrees on. Personally I believe something is art when it is called art by its creator. By extension, something is music when it is art (by the definition above) and it is sonic in nature. People who say you don't make music are el...	[ "Music is an art form which combines pitch, rhythm, and dynamic in order to create sound. It can be performed using a variety of instruments and styles and is divided into genres such as folk, jazz, hip hop, pop, and rock, etc. As an art form, music can occur in live or recorded formats, and can be planned or impro...
why don't refugees, if they have to pay up to 1000 dollars in order to get crammed on a sketchy boat, use that money to arrange their own, less sketchy boat with fewer people?	This is a classic economic question, I suppose. 1) Information. Refugees might not know how much it would cost to pool these resources themselves. They might not be able to find a boat or captain themselves. They might need help when they get there. 2) Would it really be cheaper to do it that way? What would the refu...	[ "However, refugee hosting countries do not usually follow this policy and instead do not allow refugees to work legally. In many countries the only option is either to work for a small incentive (with NGOs based in the camp) or to work illegally with no rights and often bad conditions. In some camps it is accepted ...
Cows have bacteria in their stomachs to help break down cellulose in grass in order to digest it. Could a human be inoculated with these bacteria, and then be able to eat grass?	The bacteria are part of it, but remember that ruminants like cows have a four compartment stomach. First, the plant material enters the rumen and is separated into solid and liquid layers. The solid is regurgitated as the cud, which is masticated further and swallowed again. So, even if we innoculate ourselves with th...	[ "Bacteria living in the gut of cattle, horses and other herbivores, for example \"Ruminococcus\" spp., help digest the cellulose component of their diet by secreting the enzyme cellulase. Cellulose is the major source of energy for these animals. \n", "Ruminant animals, particularly cows and sheep, contain bacter...
How do we know that the Andromeda galaxy is 2.5 million light years away from Earth if it takes 2.5 million years for light to get there in the first place?	Andromeda is billions of years old so we have plenty of old light hitting us. The light being 2.5 million years old is of little concern. Measuring cosmic distance is actually pretty hard to do and requires being clever. [Here's my favorite lecture on the topic](_URL_0_), it's by Fields Medalist Terrance Tao and is ver...	[ "BULLET::::- The Andromeda Galaxy is claimed to be \"almost one million\" light years away, repeating the understandings of the 1920s, but the galaxy is now understood to be 2.5 million light years away.\n", "The \"distance\" of a far away galaxy depends on how it is measured. With a redshift of 1, light from thi...
Were gladiators assigned to a single gladiator type, or did they change fighting styles from fight to fight?	To the best of my knowledge gladiators were assigned a single 'style' and trained in that area. The reason for this is actually quite simple, some styles (i.e. Retiarius) took a large amount of skill to preform well. A lanista would not want to invest a large amount of time and money into training a slave as a gladiato...	[ "There were many different types of gladiators in ancient Rome. Some of the first gladiators had been prisoners-of-war, and so some of the earliest types of gladiators were experienced fighters; Gauls, Samnites, and \"Thraeces\" (Thracians) used their native weapons and armor. Different gladiator types specialized ...
why are divorce rates so high in america where people can choose their spouse but low in india where it's arranged?	Research shows that "love marriages" and "arranged marriages" end up with similar levels of happiness. So the difference in divorce rate can't be attributed to differences in happiness. Divorce became common in the USA in the last 50 years because (1) the social taboo against it faded, (2) women gained greater rights...	[ "In India, marriage is thought to be for life, and the divorce rate is extremely low. Only 1.1% of marriages in India result in a divorce compared with over 45.8% in the United States, though the Indian figure appears to be rising. Opinion is mixed on the implications of this change: \"for traditionalists the risin...
why do (uk) car insurance prices vary from week to week/month to month?	Insurance companies try to get the very best price that you (or people like you) are will to pay. This involves the company using data analytics to find the perfect price point for every kind of customer. Source: I work in the industry. I build the rules that optimise prices.	[ "In France, the prices of insurance are calculated as function of the car type, subscribed insurance options, and also Bonus/Malus value (%), stating how many years the driver used the car without any accident or another event relevant to the insurance. It means, that the bonus/malus is assigned to the insured pers...
What would a person experience if they took a dose of LSD while in a Sensory Deprivation chamber?	If you are not opposed to some Googling, searching for John C Lilly might bring some answers for you. Sorry I cannot provide more information. r/drugs might also be able to prove some insight.	[ "In the psychedelic studies, subjects had the choice of staying in an individual room or mingling with other subjects in a common area. Observations and measurements were taken before the substance of interest was ingested, and hourly thereafter (following a 10-minute rest in bed). Physical measurements included pu...
how is it that the us pay more taxes towards healthcare than most countries with universal healthcare, but majority of the citizens don't receive the benefits? where does all of the tax money go?	One major factor in the UK's health system being relatively [cost-efficient per capita](_URL_0_) compared to the rest of the world is that NHS attempts to standardize purchase costs for medical items across all their hospitals, with the overall volume of orders being so large that there is significant leverage availabl...	[ "The United States pays more in healthcare expenditure per capita than any other country. Healthcare expenditures the United States accounts for approximately 16% of the country's gross domestic product and per capita spending on healthcare is more than twice that of other developed nations. Given these statistics,...
how is lizard squad hacking xbox live?	Lizard squad is using a technique called a "Distributed Denial of Service." This isn't a hack or an act of "breaking into" a computer-network system. Instead the goal is to clog up the bandwidth available to people to access the system. You can think of it as a public pool on a hot summer day. The pool is a service wi...	[ "BULLET::::- In the Super NES and Genesis video game \"Spider-Man Animated Series\", Lizard is a boss of the sewers in every stage in the game (except the Brooklyn Bridge and Ravencroft Prison). He is optional and can be avoided to escape the sewers. When he is defeated, he transforms back into Dr. Connors, but an ...
What did British military recruitment look like in the Scottish highlands in the 18th century? Specifically, how did the consequences of Jacobite Rebellions impact highlander's willingness to serve/the British ability to garner interest in military service?	This is a very insightful barrage of questions, and while I am tempted to try to answer them in detail, I would instead like to recommend a handful of top-notch works that comprehensively address these issues far better than I could hope to do. I would consider all of these absolutely indispensable for the purposes of ...	[ "The original Highland regiments were raised in the 18th century with the object of recruiting rank and file solely from the Scottish Highlands. However, due to the Highlands becoming extensively depopulated through the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Highland regiments of the British Army have witnessed...
Ancient Greek Capitalism	I cannot directly address the question, beyond saying "it depends on your source." But if you'd like context... & #x200B; Marx was not alone in the characterization. Adam Smith also maintained that there was a definitive change in the economic system. He did not go back to Ancient Greece, but he goes back to what we...	[ "The \"oikos\" was the primary unit of economic organization within the ancient Greek world. Genuine urban commercial centers were relatively uncommon and sparse. Additionally, lack of trust between members of an \"oikos\" and nonmembers usually prevented larger businesses not associated with an \"oikos\" from form...
why would putin admit he ordered the annexation of crimea?	I think mostly to show that he can. He is demonstrating his power. Opposing Putin tends to have it's downsides as well....	[ "The ousting of Yanukovych prompted Vladimir Putin to begin preparations to annex Crimea on 23 February 2014. Using the Russian naval base at Sevastopol as cover, Putin directed Russian troops and intelligence agents to disarm Ukrainian forces and take control of Crimea. After the troops entered Crimea, a controver...
During the Second World War, were there any Red Army units deployed, say, deep within Siberia or the -Stan countries, that were never sent to fight against Germany?	Yes, since after all, throughout the war the USSR maintained a border with the Japanese controlled regions of China, and Japan wasn't exactly a friend, but it was not a particularly strong force. To start, just prior to the outbreak of World War II the two powers had been involved in low level clashes, most notably Kh...	[ "During World War II, most units of the NKVD Internal Troops were engaged alongside Red Army forces against Axis troops. They participated in the defense of Moscow, Leningrad, the Brest Fortress, Kiev, Odessa, Voronezh, Stalingrad, the North Caucasus and were heavily engaged during the Battle of Kursk.\n", "Durin...
fifo & lifo (accounting)	Let's say you buy 10 widgets at $1 a piece, then later you buy 10 more at $1.10. You then sell 5 of them. How much are the remaining 15 widgets worth? FIFO means first-in-first-out, LIFO means last-in-first-out, meaning do you count those 5 you sold out of the first batch you bought (the $1 ones), or the last batch ...	[ "FIFO and LIFO accounting are methods used in managing inventory and financial matters involving the amount of money a company has to have tied up within inventory of produced goods, raw materials, parts, components, or feedstocks. They are used to manage assumptions of costs related to inventory, stock repurchases...
why are guns legal but switch blade knives are illegal?	Because laws are not necessarily logical or moral, and in fact are often very arbitrary. I have no idea why people don't understand this.	[ "In addition to federal law, some U.S. states have laws restricting or prohibiting automatic knives or switchblades, sometimes as part of a catchall category of \"deadly weapons\" or \"prohibited weapons\". A number of states prohibit or severely restrict ownership or possession of automatic knives or switchblades ...
What are meteorites made from?	In the broad sense Meteorites are for the most part made of the same minerals Earth is made of (there may also be volatile species [ice, CO2, and rarely organic molecules, etc.], those burn up on rentry for the most part and I'll leave their discussion to others if they feel like joining in). That being said, it is the...	[ "A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or moon. When the object enters the atmosphere, various factors such as friction, pressure, and chemical in...
does cancelling my credit card hurt my credit? or is it better to keep it and not use it?	Banks look at the total of all your credit lines, and the total of all of your debt. What they want to see is your debt to be a relatively low percentage of your total credit line. As the percentage of total debt goes up in relation to the total credit line, your credit rating goes down. When you cancel a credit car...	[ "A simple solution to this problem is to call the credit card company, request a new card with a different account number, and cancel the previous account. They will transfer the debt amount from the old account to the new account. This makes companies that have the credit card information unable to continue chargi...
how do massive cold fronts, like the one being experienced in america right now, occur?	The cold front that is being experienced by the United States and Canada right now is known as a polar vortex. Polar vortexes are strong winds found in the upper level of the atmosphere that normally stay over the north pole. On occasion the vortex can be distorted, causing cold air to spill to the south. [Source](_U...	[ "On December 1, 2013, the weakening of the polar vortex led to the beginning of an abnormally cold trend in the Eastern and Central United States. On December 6, the continued deterioration of the polar vortex led to the jet stream pushing southward, bringing record cold temperatures across the Eastern U.S. During ...
why is it so difficult to not flinch when something jumps out at you on a screen(like a scary movie for example) even though our brain registers that it is fake and expected?	Reflexes occur much faster than rational thought. It's been shown that people reacting to painful stimuli move away from the stimuli before the rational centers of the brain are even activated. This means that your rational brain is not even involved when you flinch - you know it's fake, but that knowledge isn't rele...	[ "He also proposes a natural 'motor' response to seeing the actions of others: If we see a knife hacking off a person's leg we wince away, if we see someone dance we move in the same ways, we feel the injuries of others as if we had them ourselves.\n", "The resolution on animation can also cause users to experienc...
How does the cosmic microwave background persist? Why hasn't it been distorted and destroyed by new sources of energy pumping into space?	The universe is largely transparent. Sure, some parts of the radiation have been absorbed, and there is a bit of new emission at this wavelength range, but overall it is not a large effect and it can be taken into account.	[ "The structure of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies is principally determined by two effects: acoustic oscillations and diffusion damping (also called collisionless damping or Silk damping). The acoustic oscillations arise because of a conflict in the photon–baryon plasma in the early universe. The press...
If someone paralyzed from the waist down breaks their leg, will their body still know and be able to repair it?	Paralysis is a result of nervous system dysfunction. If a limb is still viably attached to a person, though paralyzed, then lots of usual processes can still occur. A fracture will cause bleeding and inflammation. Chemical signals will be emitted which travel through the blood and attract white blood cells. Platelets w...	[ "Another of the most common sources of serious injury is an attempt to perform somersaults without proper training. In some cases, people land on their neck or head, which can cause paralysis or even death. In an infamous incident in the 1960s, pole-vaulting champion Brian Sternberg became paralyzed from the neck d...
Buddhism originated in India but today, most of India is either Hindu or Muslim. Conversely, Buddhism is very common in East Asian countries such as Japan. What were some of the key factors that lead to the decline of Buddhism in India and its rise in East Asia?	One of the interesting things about the spread of Buddhism is that it took a very roundabout route through the northwest of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia (what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan) into East Asia along the Silk Road routes -- so the form it reached China in (Mahayana) was a bit separated from the...	[ "Buddhism attained prominence in the Indian subcontinent as it was supported by royal courts, but started to decline after the Gupta era and virtually disappeared from India in the 11th century CE, except in some pockets of India. It has continued to exist outside of India and has become the major religion in sever...
stop-motion animation	Conceptually, there's not much to it. 1. Set your camera on a tripod or other device to ensure it stays in exactly the same place 2. pose your clay figure/doll/paper cutout/clothes 3. take a photograph. 4. SLIIIIIIGHTLY move your figure towards it's next position. 5. Take another pic. 6. Repeat thousands of times....	[ "Stop-motion animation is used to describe animation created by physically manipulating real-world objects and photographing them one frame of film at a time to create the illusion of movement. There are many different types of stop-motion animation, usually named after the medium used to create the animation. Comp...
How were ancient open-field battles organised?	I can only answer this for Classical Greece, but I'm sure some of our resident experts will be willing to add the Roman perspective. Simply put, Greek armies were usually able to find one another because it was all but impossible for an army to move without being noticed. Armies are large masses of men, often wearing ...	[ "In open-field battles, quarreling sides met on either side of the field, generally after sunrise. Intimidation tactics such as profuse chanting, singing, dancing, sudden advancements, and yelling profane insults were commonly used. The standard battle formation of a group normally had a defensive front line of men...
why did google let microsoft use chromium on edge?	[Google is an advertising company, first and foremost](_URL_0_). Everything that they do, they do to further the goal of selling more ads. Chrome, Drive, their MS Office knock-offs: their only purpose is to get people to use them and sink ever deeper into the Google ecosystem. That is why they are "free".	[ "On December 6, 2018, Microsoft announced its intent to base Edge on the Chromium source code, using the same rendering engine as Google Chrome but with enhancements developed by Microsoft. It was also announced that there will be versions of Edge available for Windows 7, Windows 8, and macOS, and that all versions...
In evolution if mutations are random, how does bacteria learn to use the mutations correctly? Does the behavior mutate randomly too?	Bacteria don't know anything because they aren't conscious. Physics drives their chemistry to happen and that is what causes them to function and react to their environment. Compounds and molecules are just bumping in to each other and reacting according to the laws of physics and chemistry, and this causes everythin...	[ "One advantage of directed evolution is that the mutations do not have to be completely random; instead they can be random enough to discover unexplored potential, but not so random as to be inefficient. The number of possible mutation combinations is astronomical, but instead of just randomly trying to test as man...
Why didn't Germany go through Luxembourg instead of Belgium in WWI?	The Germans DID go through Luxembourg, they just went through Luxembourg and Belgium. The problem with just going through Luxembourg, is that it creates an incredibly cramped 'battlespace' if you will, with not a lot of room for the massive German Armies (970 000 men alone advanced through Belgium) to maneuver....	[ "The Belgians much preferred an alliance with the United Kingdom. The British had entered the First World War in response to the German violation of Belgian neutrality. The Belgian Channel ports had offered the German Imperial Navy valuable bases, and such an attack would offer the German \"Kriegsmarine\" and the \...
how are doctors so sure a person can't regain consciousness once their vitals shuts down?	I'm going to assume that by "vitals" you mean the two vital organs heart and lungs. The truth is we don't know on an individual basis who is going to survive what period of cardiac arrest (which is when the heart stops), but data from group studies enable us to give educated opinions based on systematic experience. T...	[ "In death with dignity situations where a patient is incapable of communicating his wishes, a doctor may be relieved of his duty, as the House of Lords recognised in \"Airedale National Health Service Trust v Bland\" (1993) AC 789. Here a patient who had survived for three years in a persistent vegetative state aft...
What is the Origin of Yahweh?	In general, however, it seems that the Tetragrammaton (the ineffable four letter name of G-d) is associated with the South, particularly the southern wastes (the Negev Desert and similar places). If He does have a geographical origin outside of the land of Israel, it is likely somewhere to the South. One of the main pr...	[ "Yahweh, he argues, originated in Edom/Midian/Teman as a warrior-god and was subsequently assimilated into the highland pantheon headed by El and his consort, Asherah and populated by Baal and other deities.\n", "There is almost no agreement on the origins of Yahweh. His name is not attested other than among the ...
If the Alsace-Lorriane region had not been taken away from France after the Franco-Prussian War would it have any effect on politics of Europe?	That depends. Alsace-Lorraine was certainly a very serious problem between France and Germany, but so was crowning the Emperor in Versailles and a number of other slights during the Franco-Prussian war. IMO, if they had left Alsace-Lorraine with France, they could have patched things up. Also IMO, I don't think ther...	[ "The loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Prussia in 1871 after the Franco-Prussian War, led to pressure on the French government to make new land available in Algeria for about 5,000 Alsatian and Lorrainer refugees who were resettled there. During the 1870s, both the amount of European-owned land and the number of settlers ...
Other than the Doolittle Raid did Jimmy Doolittle do anything with a major impact on WWII?	Doolittle's main impact on the war actually came before the hostilities. When he was working for Shell, he convinced the company to invest in the property/plant/equipment to refine 100-octane gasoline before there was a market for it. He correctly predicted that engine technology would evolve to suit the new fuel when ...	[ "BULLET::::- \"Doolittle's Tokyo Raiders\", by C. V. Glines (1964) – tells the complete story of the raid, including the unique experiences of each B-25 crew. A quarter century later he followed up with a second account, \"The Doolittle Raid: America's daring first strike against Japan\" (1988), incorporating infor...
What would happen if a celestial body like the moon or small planet were to pass by us close enough to enter our atmosphere?	I want to start to answer this question by helping you understand just how unlikely this scenario is. The height of our atmosphere is on the order of 100km. To help you picture how thin our atmosphere is, this is basically [equivalent](_URL_0_) to the thickness (not the radius) of a penny compared to an NBA basketball....	[ "The object's Earth orbital paths occasionally take it within the radius of the Moon's orbit, and could result in eventual entry into Earth's atmosphere, or collision with the Moon. The Apollo 12 empty S-IVB, Instrument Unit, and spacecraft adapter base, had a mass of about . This is less than one-fifth of the mass...
Why do my stationary eyes fade to black in a little to no light environment?	I have never experienced this "fade to black". Honestly, it doesn't sound like something that should be happening. If there is enough light in the room for your eyes to see around you, your vision should not fade at all due to a lack of motion. It might be a good idea to mention this to your doc.	[ "BULLET::::- As a result of the Purkinje effect, the dark-adapted human eye is very sensitive to blue and green light that LED street lights emit in large amounts, as compared to the yellow and orange high-pressure sodium lights that are typically being replaced. This magnifies the effect of light pollution - parti...
Physics Question: Driving in the rain. Does more rain hit your windshield as you go faster?	> Does your front windshield strike twice as many drops per unit time if you go twice as fast? Close to it. The rate of water hitting your windscreen is equal to the density of raindrops, multiplied by the relative velocity of the rain, multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the windscreen in their relative direct...	[ "The windshield phenomenon (or windscreen phenomenon) is a term given to the anecdotal observation that people tend to find fewer insects smashed on the windscreens of their cars now compared to a decade or several decades ago. This effect has been ascribed to major global declines in insect abundance. \n", "BULL...
why are we able to speak well over 6,000 languages, and yet are unable to effectively communicate with our domesticated brethren?	As far as we know humans are the only animal to use language. The sounds other animals make would be more analogous to human body language than to speech.	[ "However, the lack of language separation by person does not necessarily lead to failure to communicate effectively in two languages. Further studies have shown that a \"one person, one language\" approach may not be necessary for the early separation of language systems to occur. Children appear to be able to dise...
how do clocks compensate for the fact that a day isn't a full 24 hours?	A day is a full 24 hours, give or take a leap second every year or two. Until we invented atomic clocks, a day was exactly 24 hours by definition. Leap years are a separate issue, they correct for the fact that there aren't exactly 365 24-hour days in a year.	[ "Also, the very short section of the foliot that allows weight adjustment makes it clear that this clock was never used for unequal hours (12 hours from sunrise to sunset, making hours shorter in winter and longer in summer), but was always used to measure equal hours and probably run 24 hours per day. The shortnes...
is google licensing its fiber optics?	Google isn't licensing their fiber optics. What's happening is that Google is succeeding in their goal to force ISPs to step up their game. Google believes fast, affordable internet should be available to everyone. The current market is happy for a single ISP to have a monopoly over each area. Google is breaking that p...	[ "Google Fiber offers an IPTV service in various US cities which includes up to 1 Gigabit-speed internet and over 290 channels depending on package via the fiber optic network being built out in Kansas City Kansas and Kansas City Missouri.\n", "In June 2016, Google Fiber acquired Webpass to boost its effort in its...
blue light from screens reduces melatonin, but doesn’t that mean more serotonin?	No, it doesnt work that way. Oddly enough dopamine and melatonin are inversely linked (one goes up and the other goes down). But contrary to popular belief that has more of an effect on movement than on mood. But it is thought to be related to why people can get a bit addicted to screen time.	[ "Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood, eating, sleeping, arousal and potentially visual orientation processing. To investigate its function in visual orientation, researchers have utilised MDMA, or as it is commonly referred to, Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamp...
why don't girls ask guys out?	Because our culture has long been focused on men being in a dominant role. Asking someone out is a dominant action and not expected of girls. Not that hard really.	[ "Throughout the series, the female contestants participate in competitions and are selected by the men for dates, with some of the contestants being eliminated at various intervals. Each woman receives a text message of \"yes\" if any of the men want to keep her in contention or \"no\" if none of them want to keep ...
why can't dc be transformed as easily as ac	When you switch a DC signal on and off, you're turning it into an AC signal. It's easier to manipulate the voltage and current of AC signals, because with AC we are able to use magnetic coupling as another degree of freedom. Magnetic fields can only create electric fields when they are changing, which requires a ch...	[ "The electric power is generally DC rather than AC, even though this requires large rectifiers. DC motors were formerly more efficient for railway applications, and once a DC system is in place, converting it to AC is generally considered infeasible.\n", "Inexpensive inverters can convert DC power to AC by simply...
if it takes about 8 minutes for sunlight to reach earth doesn’t that mean that it’s true position in the sky is 8 minutes ahead?	EDIT: sorry, the first thing you said is not entirely true. The second is fine. The sun's position in the sky is due to the rotation of the earth, much more than the orbit around the sun + difference from the speed of light. If the light reached us instantly, the sun would be an imperceptible fraction further forward ...	[ "From a point on the ground at this latitude, the sun is above the horizon for 16 hours, 12 minutes during the summer solstice and 8 hours, 14 minutes during the winter solstice This latitude also roughly corresponds to the minimum latitude in which astronomical twilight can last all night near the summer solstice....
what are they talking about when they say a room or building has 'great acoustics'? how do you determine if a room has great acoustics?	When someone makes noise, a sound wave travels from them to your ear, and that's how you hear it. Maybe you're picturing a laser-beam type wave, shooting from the sound source to your ear. If you could see it though, it would actually look more like a ripple on a lake, traveling outward in every direction from the sou...	[ "Architectural acoustics (also known as room acoustics and building acoustics) is the science and engineering of achieving a good sound within a building and is a branch of acoustical engineering. The first application of modern scientific methods to architectural acoustics was carried out by Wallace Sabine in the ...
Did FDR let Pearl Harbor happen? Was there knowledge that A, the attack was going to happen, and B, when?	Hey there this has come up before! Would point you towards 2 of my previous answers on the subject: _URL_1_ _URL_0_ It boils down to a combination of things people looking back to say "conspiracy!". The big one is that it is much easier to say it was all planned, then that 50 years of rising geopolitical and racial...	[ "During a televised interview, Duško Popov related having informed the FBI on 12 August, 1941, of the impending attack on Pearl Harbor. Either the FBI chief J. Edgar Hoover did not report this fact to his superiors, or they, for reasons of their own, took no action. \n", "BULLET::::- \"Betrayal at Pearl Harbor:\"...
rutherford's nuclear atom	I can't summarize it better than the Wikipedia article, but I'd be happy to answer any more specific questions you have.	[ "Rutherford presented his own physical model for subatomic structure, as an interpretation for the unexpected experimental results. In it, the atom is made up of a central charge (this is the modern atomic nucleus, though Rutherford did not use the term \"nucleus\" in his paper) surrounded by a cloud of (presumably...
why do we not use airships nowadays? shouldn't there be a solution to the explosive problem by now?	They'd be pretty slow compared to airplanes, cars, trains, basically any other modern method of travel. It would be such a novelty/niche market that it'd probably be hard to turn a profit.	[ "The Zeppelin NT, being designed more than 60 years after the last generation of Zeppelins were built as well as making use of advances in material science and computer-aided design, has been claimed to overcome some of the typical disadvantages of airships, such as maneuverability, safety, and economics. In partic...
In the US during the 1800s, was it common for slaves to go insane?	There was just a thread discussing this a couple of weeks ago, hopefully you can find some answers here: _URL_0_	[ "During the 16th and 17th centuries, a widespread moral panic took place across Europe and the American colonies. The social and political turmoil following periods of widespread crop failure, war, and disease, led to numerous men and women being accused of practicing malevolant witchcraft, which resulted in the wi...
How does the smoke, heat and debris from wildfires affect cloud and weather systems?	Most areas have regular wind patterns that are determined by the heating of air. Hot air rises, and cold air sinks. Air, like most other things, likes to move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. When hot air rises, the pressure beneath that air decreases, so surrounding air masses that are under press...	[ "Weather forecasting of wind, precipitations and humidity is essential for preventing and controlling wildfires. Different indices, like the \"Forest fire weather index\" and the \"Haines Index\", have been developed to predict the areas more at risk to experience fire from natural or human causes. Conditions for t...
why do we refer the secretary of state as mr. secretary, but never the ceo of microsoft as mr. ceo?	Because of tradition which was developed to divide society into classes dating centuries back and how that contrasted with the bourgeois revolution in the XVIII century. The titles mean to convey someone's social position and indicate whether the interlocutor is positioned above or beneath in social rank. Ask yourself...	[ "In a similar vein to the COO the title of corporate President as a separate position (as opposed to being combined with a \"C-Suite\" designation, such as \"President and CEO\" or \"President and COO\") is also loosely defined. The President is usually the legally recognized highest rank of corporate officer, rank...

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