Datasets:

Modalities:
Text
Formats:
parquet
Languages:
English
ArXiv:
Libraries:
Datasets
pandas
License:
Dataset Viewer
Auto-converted to Parquet Duplicate
input
stringlengths
3.94k
7.13k
output
sequencelengths
1
26
id
stringlengths
40
40
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Which Mongol leader completed the conquest of Kievan Rus'?", "By what name was the Mongol army that finally conquered Bulgaria known?", "Which two Mongol leaders added Persia to the Mongol Empire?", "When did Subutai's army return to Mongolia?", "Where did Jebe die?" ]
task074-2c478ed7630a4f3cac312a44df43bca8
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What was one of the Norman's major exports?" ]
task074-4633c3f9edff4d9e99abdd49006ad843
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "When was the very first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge finished?", "What was the symbolism of the bridge?", "When did the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge first open for traffic?", "What type of design is the bridge?", "How many more bridges have been built since the first one was completed?" ]
task074-34fd52f7f9064cd3a086dbf318c274b4
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What is the term for the property that describes how a surface's thermal emissions deviate from the ideal of a black body?", "How will the infrared image of an object with a higher emissivity appear in relation to one with lower emissivity?", "Along with pyrometers, what devices can receive inaccurate results ...
task074-8fb92bd9a9874f8ebb4cac2e35a96849
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who is the lowest rank to play in the third round proper?", "What level where they? ", "How many teams competed that year? ", "What place did Chasetown come in?", "What FA cup season did this take place in? " ]
task074-95d3877c204c4d71b205a771d405f25e
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "When was Al-Azhar University founded?", "Where is Al-Azhar University located?", "What was required to earn a law degree at Al-Azhar University?", "Who was an astronomy professor at Al-Azhar University?", "What is Nizamiyah of Baghdad most known for?" ]
task074-5f83ebdac25c42e7b0cbb18a72343aec
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who was keeping pressure and showing disagreements for the LOR, even in front of the President?", "What did Wiesner shout out in front of the press during a presentation by von Braun?", "What does the acronym LEM stand for?", "Who was announced as the LEM contractor in November 1962?" ]
task074-7cb9787c4d36482b84e89510c71048ef
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What general sentiment was the result of losses in World War I?", "Congress refused to allow the US to join what organization?", "What legislation was passed to discourage the country from getting involved in a foreign war?", "Which US President sought to circumvent Neutrality acts to aid Britain?", "What ...
task074-9d417d545d924353a301e5e873760d7d
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Why is Captain Fritz Joubert Duquesne famous?", "After Duquesne made his way to St. George, what did he do?", "After settling in the US, what did Duquesne do?" ]
task074-3b799e1a8e204ace93c33dc23d8f5fcc
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What controls the conferencing while its active on the signaling plane?", "What is one example of what the signaling plane controls in a videoconferencing system?", "Where does the videoconferencing system manage conferencing creation?", "On what plane does the MC operate?", "What generates output streams ...
task074-75cdc93bd2564a90986e8f81447b0f57
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Why does BYU's Winter semester end earlier than most colleges?", "How many semesters is a typical BYU year broken up into?", "How many shorter terms does BYU have during the summer?", "What type of Doctor Program is offered at BYU?", "What allows BYU students to pursue summer internships earlier than most ...
task074-5714898dc35d460fbc412e19625b9e8d
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "How many cheetahs remain in the Northwest Africa area?", "What months do the cheetah's avoid the sun?", "How many many cheetah's are left in the wild?" ]
task074-88adcdb2ca0b441491dbdcd756ab93f8
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "When did the Declaration of Delhi happen?", "How many judges participated in the Declaration of Delhi?", "According to the Declaration of Delhi, what provides certain rights and freedoms?", "According to the Declaration of Delhi, what type of conditions are needed for human dignity?" ]
task074-9bc9436fd5784fd2bd801e356aea24e4
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "How many people were involved in the Baltic Chain?", "How long was the chain?", "What states did the chain extend over?", "What anniversary did the chain take place on?", "What part of Europe was split up by the pact?" ]
task074-7d84c747d6d34a999fd0b3f366a1b68e
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "How did al-Mahdi maintain contact during his Occultation?", "How did deputies represent al-Mahdi?", "What would believers do when they had a problem?", "What would the deputy endorse the concerns with?", "What did the deputies collect in the Imam's behalf?" ]
task074-dfa40219ca8240a9a02a8f84072b3368
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What is the country's largest university? ", "In 2007 the University of the Republic had a student body of how many people?", "When was the University of the Republic founded?", "Who is the current rector of The University of the Republic?" ]
task074-b4e4633b15db42dfbfd52387b724a2e8
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who controls aircraft on the runway?", "Tower controllers use what to locate an aircraft's position in three-dimensional space?", "Who controls aircraft in the controlled airspace immediately surrounding the airport?", "Why should aircraft that is only passing through an airspace contact Tower Control?" ]
task074-cb19e78c5d2d4e338c1b27b0c060000a
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who did Schwarzenegger choose as Chief of Staff?" ]
task074-962c3456f2124d6b920561bc2d87b015
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "How many wards in Plymouth elect two councillors?", "How many members are on the Plymouth council?", "What fraction of the Plymouth council is elected each year?", "With what French city is Plymouth twinned?", "In what year did Plymouth twin with Plymouth in the United States?" ]
task074-c35b87bc4f604d2d830b308803b9ea84
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "In what year was the first permanent photograph produced?", "Who invented the first permanent photograph?", "What was Eugene Atget known for photographing?", "Who was knows for photographing night scenes?", "When did poster art become an important art form?" ]
task074-dffaed391730491592b40a4476898c3f
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "In which year did John Sheepshanks donated a large collection of paintings?", "How many paintings did John Sheeshanks give to the museum?", "What was the goal of John Sheepshanks considerable bequest to the museum?", "An 1821 full size oil sketch of which famous British painting was donated by John Sheepshan...
task074-13f61a908b3142598e98c219dab82a2d
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Why did Ferdinand feel comfortable withdrawing troops from the eastern front?", "What was the result of Prussian resistance to Sweden?", "What area of Sweden was occupied by Prussia?", "What favorable developments occurred for Prussia in Hanover?", "What political development shaped the policy of the Briti...
task074-da38e939e91e4cf7ac9dea35f9397f8c
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What did the Republic of Letters support?", "Once everyone was a part of what group did Kant believe all of society would be enlightened?", "Who were two of the figures that participated in the Republic of Letters?", "What did Immanuel Kant consider essential to his conception of the public sphere?" ]
task074-bb05a484260d467988bd14d0b05a557f
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "In what year was Nebraska's death penalty statute ruled unconstitutional by a state court?", "What state's court ruled capital punishment unconstitutional in 1984?", "In what case did the Kansas Supreme Court rule that the death penalty is unconstitutional in Kansas?", "What method of execution did the Nebra...
task074-eeffbedd8aca48d2bcdd55fadb523ae4
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What can scale factor band 21 be shortened to?", "What is the maximum frequency that scale factor band 21 can go up to?", "The encoder has to choose between less acurate representation in band 21 or which factor in all bands below band 21?", "What does less efficient storage result in for VBR encoding?" ]
task074-4ff669ce3f5d46dda410b84492e68a71
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "How long are CDs expected to last?", "What can cause sudden disc degradation?", "Are CDs meant for permanent or temporary use?" ]
task074-ebc0c2258df24e849b61947914244148
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "For which company did C. Robert Fine work for?", "What benefits were found in using the 35mm magnetic film?", "Who developed the 3-to-2 mix to create lifelike recordings?", "Which microphone hold the most importance in 3 microphone recording?", "In which year did Mercury begin 3 channel stereo recording?" ...
task074-16562839604747959391462d36677ba1
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Where was Jesus Crucified?", "Where was the location of the Crucifixion detailed?", "What was one reason Calvary was chosen?", "What is rumored to be found in Calvary?", "What is a reason the place was called Calvary?" ]
task074-6bf1d99197304b18aadbf193f201555e
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What doctrine did Roosevelt give for submarines against Japan?", "Who was the Dutch Admiral in charge of the East Indies?", "What was the nickname given to the Dutch Admiral in charge of the East Indies?", "What was the first Japanese warship to be sunk by submarine?", "When was the first Japanese warship ...
task074-c53c6ce0fbf84cd38719273a8c752226
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who has stated that apolitical food problems do not exist?", "What can trigger famine conditions?", "While natural occurrences can cause famine, what determines the severity of it?" ]
task074-b4fca0ea258b47449a4611be5eeb0e20
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Where in the United States was the tank battalion located?", "What is Korea's largest port?", "Besides the United States, what other country sent military personnel to Korea?", "Who had the fewest number of troops in Korea?", "Who was able to counterattack and move the KPA away from the Pusan Perimeter?" ]
task074-f202cc6b98964964ada7e2744df26b5c
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What is a tradition unique to the Creole people?", "Why are Touloulous given free condoms?", "What do men have to do to be allowed into the balls?", "What are the touloulous' dance partners not allowed to do?", "Why do the women drink through a straw? " ]
task074-35edfa8b3b6841bf89762d0f2c499b87
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What is the antebellum age?", "When did the civil was begin?", "When was the Antebellum age considered to have begun?", "What did The Antebellum age mark?" ]
task074-807aa33c3ac845c3bd56aeaa70b3db82
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What is a type of immune system disorder?", "What are some examples of hypersensitivities?", "What characterizes a hypersensitivity?" ]
task074-8d7421cb655f45728b46d04e1f6e18dc
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who had the least amount of backers, between Kerry and Dean?", "Which state was expected to show the least amount of support for Kerry going into the caucuses, before Iowa?", "What act showed that Kerry's fight for the White House was in trouble?", "Who took over for Jim Jordon, when he was fired?", "What ...
task074-9d9bae18b91345ef9d90196a08bdff49
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Which conjecture holds that every even integer n greater than 2 can be expressed as a sum of two primes?", "When did Landau propose his four conjectural problems?", "As of February 2011, how many numbers has Goldbach's conjecture been proven to?", "Which theorem states that all large odd integers can be expr...
task074-94d883ce77e34072b9197159c6c6e4e0
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What statutory policy minimizes outward expansion of urban London?", "Greater London is divided into what two groups of boroughs?", "Where is the centre of London said to be located?", "In which directions does the River Thames divide the City of London?", "What metropolitan area lies beyond the Metropolit...
task074-82437b9360414e87afdd5a1025432a86
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "Who lost power in 1964?", "Who assumed a position of power in 1964?", "When did Leonid Brezhnev die?", "Whose assumption of power ended the era of stagnation?", "How did Mikhail Gorbachev end the era of stagnation?" ]
task074-7922a3e0b77b41e79631b18d6a4b2244
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "When did Cyprus receive enough rainfall to fill up their water reserves?", "What do people living in Cyprus rely on for household water?", "Why has the water supply shrunk in previous years?", "What resource is scarce on Cyprus?", "Why has demand for water increased annually on Cyprus?" ]
task074-b06b1aeb3f0a491caf47b75d3ce844af
Definition: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. ...
[ "What place hosts concerts and lectures?", "Where is the Lycan Conservatory located?" ]
task074-c7be4e9142784ef19b3c1423235cb4ac
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Dataset Card for Natural Instructions (https://github.com/allenai/natural-instructions) Task: task074_squad1.1_question_generation

Additional Information

Citation Information

The following paper introduces the corpus in detail. If you use the corpus in published work, please cite it:

@misc{wang2022supernaturalinstructionsgeneralizationdeclarativeinstructions,
    title={Super-NaturalInstructions: Generalization via Declarative Instructions on 1600+ NLP Tasks}, 
    author={Yizhong Wang and Swaroop Mishra and Pegah Alipoormolabashi and Yeganeh Kordi and Amirreza Mirzaei and Anjana Arunkumar and Arjun Ashok and Arut Selvan Dhanasekaran and Atharva Naik and David Stap and Eshaan Pathak and Giannis Karamanolakis and Haizhi Gary Lai and Ishan Purohit and Ishani Mondal and Jacob Anderson and Kirby Kuznia and Krima Doshi and Maitreya Patel and Kuntal Kumar Pal and Mehrad Moradshahi and Mihir Parmar and Mirali Purohit and Neeraj Varshney and Phani Rohitha Kaza and Pulkit Verma and Ravsehaj Singh Puri and Rushang Karia and Shailaja Keyur Sampat and Savan Doshi and Siddhartha Mishra and Sujan Reddy and Sumanta Patro and Tanay Dixit and Xudong Shen and Chitta Baral and Yejin Choi and Noah A. Smith and Hannaneh Hajishirzi and Daniel Khashabi},
    year={2022},
    eprint={2204.07705},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL},
    url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07705}, 
}

More details can also be found in the following paper:

@misc{brüelgabrielsson2024compressserveservingthousands,
    title={Compress then Serve: Serving Thousands of LoRA Adapters with Little Overhead}, 
    author={Rickard Brüel-Gabrielsson and Jiacheng Zhu and Onkar Bhardwaj and Leshem Choshen and Kristjan Greenewald and Mikhail Yurochkin and Justin Solomon},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2407.00066},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.DC},
    url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.00066}, 
}

Contact Information

For any comments or questions, please email Rickard Brüel Gabrielsson

Downloads last month
89

Papers for Lots-of-LoRAs/task074_squad1.1_question_generation