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Army Combat Badge | The Army Combat Badge (ACB) is a military decoration that is awarded to any member of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) for service with an Army combat element in warlike operations. Its equivalent is the Infantry Combat Badge. |
Epiglottic vallecula | The epiglottic valleculae are paired spaces between the root of the tongue and anterior surface of the epiglottis. Each vallecula is bordered medially by the median glossoepiglottic fold and laterally by the lateral glossoepiglottic fold.
The valleculae can collect saliva to prevent initiation of the swallowing reflex.
The vallecula is an important reference landmark used during intubation of the trachea. The procedure requires the blade-tip of a Macintosh-style laryngoscope to be placed as far as possible into the vallecula in order to facilitate directly visualizing the glottis. |
(-)-sabinene synthase | (–)-Sabinene synthase (EC 4.2.3.109) is an enzyme with systematic name geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, (–)-sabinene-forming]. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction geranyl diphosphate ⇌ (–)-sabinene + diphosphateThis enzyme requires Mg2+. |
Methylenedioxymethoxyethylamphetamine | MDMEOET, or 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methoxyethylamphetamine, is a lesser-known psychedelic drug and a substituted amphetamine. It is also the N-methoxyethyl analogue of MDA. MDMEOET was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved), the minimum dosage is listed as 180 mg. MDMEOET produces few to no effects. Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of MDMEOET. |
Fragmentation (cell biology) | In cell biology, ways in which fragmentation is useful for a cell: DNA cloning and apoptosis. DNA cloning is important in asexual reproduction or creation of identical DNA molecules, and can be performed spontaneously by the cell or intentionally by laboratory researchers. Apoptosis is the programmed destruction of cells, and the DNA molecules within them, and is a highly regulated process. These two ways in which fragmentation is used in cellular processes describe normal cellular functions and common laboratory procedures performed with cells. However, problems within a cell can sometimes cause fragmentation that results in irregularities such as red blood cell fragmentation and sperm cell DNA fragmentation. |
Comm100 Live Chat | Comm100 Live Chat is a paid basic live support software product offered via the SaaS (Software as a Service) model. It enables businesses or organizations to communicate with their website visitors in real time so as to improve conversions, sales, and customer satisfaction. |
Hermite's cotangent identity | In mathematics, Hermite's cotangent identity is a trigonometric identity discovered by Charles Hermite. Suppose a1, ..., an are complex numbers, no two of which differ by an integer multiple of π. Let cot (ak−aj) (in particular, A1,1, being an empty product, is 1). Then cot cot cos cot (z−ak).
The simplest non-trivial example is the case n = 2: cot cot cot cot cot cot (z−a2). |
Control flow | In computer science, control flow (or flow of control) is the order in which individual statements, instructions or function calls of an imperative program are executed or evaluated. The emphasis on explicit control flow distinguishes an imperative programming language from a declarative programming language.
Within an imperative programming language, a control flow statement is a statement that results in a choice being made as to which of two or more paths to follow. For non-strict functional languages, functions and language constructs exist to achieve the same result, but they are usually not termed control flow statements.
A set of statements is in turn generally structured as a block, which in addition to grouping, also defines a lexical scope.
Interrupts and signals are low-level mechanisms that can alter the flow of control in a way similar to a subroutine, but usually occur as a response to some external stimulus or event (that can occur asynchronously), rather than execution of an in-line control flow statement.
At the level of machine language or assembly language, control flow instructions usually work by altering the program counter. For some central processing units (CPUs), the only control flow instructions available are conditional or unconditional branch instructions, also termed jumps. |
Dog walking | Dog walking is the act of a person walking with a dog, typically from the dog's residence and then returning. Leashes are commonly used for this. Both owners and pets receive many benefits, including exercise and companionship. |
Acoustic resonance spectroscopy | Acoustic resonance spectroscopy (ARS) is a method of spectroscopy in the acoustic region, primarily the sonic and ultrasonic regions. ARS is typically much more rapid than HPLC and NIR. It is non destructive and requires no sample preparation as the sampling waveguide can simply be pushed into a sample powder/liquid or in contact with a solid sample. To date, the AR spectrometer has successfully differentiated and quantified sample analytes in various forms; (tablets, powders, and liquids). It has been used to measure and monitor the progression of chemical reactions, such as the setting and hardening of concrete from cement paste to solid. Acoustic spectrometry has also been used to measure the volume fraction of colloids in a dispersion medium, as well as for the investigation of physical properties of colloidal dispersions, such as aggregation and particle size distribution. Typically, these experiments are carried out with sinusoidal excitation signals and the experimental observation of signal attenuation. From a comparison of theoretical attenuation to experimental observation, the particle size distribution and aggregation phenomena are inferred. |
Quantum dimer magnet | In condensed matter physics, the quantum dimer magnet state is one in which quantum spins in a magnetic structure entangle to form a singlet state. These entangled spins act as bosons and their excited states (triplons) can undergo Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). The quantum dimer system was originally proposed by Matsubara and Matsuda as a mapping of the lattice Bose gas to the quantum antiferromagnet. Quantum dimer magnets are often confused as valence bond solids; however, a valence bond solid requires the breaking of translational symmetry and the dimerizing of spins. In contrast, quantum dimer magnets exist in crystal structures where the translational symmetry is inherently broken. There are two types of quantum dimer models: the XXZ model and the weakly-coupled dimer model. The main difference is the regime in which BEC can occur. For the XXZ model (commonly referred to as the magnon BEC), the BEC occurs upon cooling without a magnetic field and manifests itself as a symmetric dome in the field versus temperature phase diagram centered about H = 0. The weakly-coupled dimer model does not magnetically order in zero magnetic field, but instead orders upon the closing of the spin gap, where the BEC regime begins and is a dome centered at non-zero field. |
RailML | railML (Railway Markup Language) is a proprietary freeware XML Schema-based data exchange format for data interoperability of railway applications. |
Safety Pharmacology Society | The Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) is a global scientific society fostering best practice around the discipline of safety pharmacology. The Society has a mission statement which declares it is a nonprofit organization that promotes knowledge, development, application, and training in safety pharmacology—a distinct scientific discipline that integrates the best practices of pharmacology, physiology and toxicology. The objective of safety pharmacology studies is to further the discovery, development and safe use of biologically active chemical entities and large molecules by the identification, monitoring and characterization of potentially undesirable pharmacodynamic activities in nonclinical studies. The Safety Pharmacology Society also supports the human safety of drugs and biologicals by fostering scientific research, education, and dissemination of scientific information through meetings and other scientific interactions. |
Dienochlor | Dienochlor is an organochlorine compound included in the group of cyclic chlorinated hydrocarbons. Its chemical formula is C10Cl10. Dienochlor is mostly used as a pesticide and ovicide. |
NERV (reactor) | The NERV (natural endogenous respiration vessel) is a specialised bioreactor, designed to operate under high and varying load and flow conditions. |
Roback | Roback is a surname. People with that name include: Abraham Aaron Roback (1890–1965), Jewish American psychologist and promoter of Yiddish Brogan Roback (born 1994), American football quarterback Charles W. Roback (1811-1867), Swedish fraudster, Swedish-American patent medicine manufacturer, astrologist and charlatan David Roback (1958–2020), American guitarist and songwriter Emil Roback (born 2003), Swedish football player Léa Roback (1903–2000), Canadian trade union organizer, social activist, pacifist, and feminist Jennifer Roback Morse (born 1953), American economist, writer and Catholic social conservative |
Huayacocotla Formation | The Huayacocotla Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period. |
Thrombospondin | Thrombospondins (TSPs) are a family of secreted glycoproteins with antiangiogenic functions. Due to their dynamic role within the extracellular matrix they are considered matricellular proteins. The first member of the family, thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), was discovered in 1971 by Nancy L. Baenziger. |
1000 Tiny Claws | 1000 Tiny Claws is an action game developed and published by Mediatonic for PlayStation Portable in 2011. |
Achard syndrome | Achard syndrome is a syndrome consisting of arachnodactyly, receding lower jaw, and joint laxity limited to the hands and feet. Hypermobility and subluxations of the joints, increased lateral excursion of the patellas and other findings reflect the increased ligament laxity. It is clinically similar to Marfan syndrome. |
Parity drive | A parity drive is a hard drive used in a RAID array to provide fault tolerance. For example, RAID 3 uses a parity drive to create a system that is both fault tolerant and, because of data striping, fast. Basically, a single data bit is added to the end of a data block to ensure the number of bits in the message is either odd or even.One way to implement a parity drive in a RAID array is to use the exclusive or, or XOR, function. XOR is a Boolean logic function which means 'one or the other, but not both'. The XOR of all of the data drives in the RAID array is written to the parity drive. If one of the data drives fails, the XOR of the remaining drives is identical to the data of the lost drive. Therefore, when a drive is lost, recovering the drive is as simple as copying the XOR of the remaining drives to a fresh data drive. |
Open carry guitar rally | Open Carry Guitar Rally is a concept created by Barry Kooda in response to the Open Carry gun movement. During an Open Carry Guitar Rally, citizens congregate in a public place while displaying their instruments, a parody of similar gatherings held by gun rights activists. |
Facet syndrome | Facet syndrome is a syndrome in which the facet joints (synovial diarthroses) cause painful symptoms. In conjunction with degenerative disc disease, a distinct but functionally related condition, facet arthropathy is believed to be one of the most common causes of lower back pain. |
DNA origami | DNA origami is the nanoscale folding of DNA to create arbitrary two- and three-dimensional shapes at the nanoscale. The specificity of the interactions between complementary base pairs make DNA a useful construction material, through design of its base sequences. DNA is a well-understood material that is suitable for creating scaffolds that hold other molecules in place or to create structures all on its own. |
216 (number) | 216 (two hundred [and] sixteen) is the natural number following 215 and preceding 217. It is a cube, and is often called Plato's number, although it is not certain that this is the number intended by Plato. |
Roland Octapad | Roland Octapad is a range of MIDI electronic drum percussion controllers produced by the Roland Corporation. |
Busdma | In computing, busdma, bus_dma and bus_space is a set of application programming interfaces designed to help make device drivers less dependent on platform-specific code, thereby allowing the host operating system to be more easily ported to new computer hardware. This is accomplished by having abstractions for direct memory access (DMA) mapping across popular machine-independent computer buses like PCI, which are used on distinct architectures from IA-32 (NetBSD/i386) to DEC Alpha (NetBSD/alpha). Additionally, some devices may come in multiple flavours supporting more than one bus, e.g., ISA, EISA, VESA Local Bus and PCI, still sharing the same core logic irrespective of the bus, and such device drivers would also benefit from this same abstraction.: §1.2 Thus the rationale of busdma is to facilitate maximum code reuse across a wide range of platforms.: §5 Circa 2006, bus and DMA abstractions made it possible for NetBSD to support 50 hardware platforms and 14 CPU architectures out of a single source tree, compared to the forking model used by Linux ports.Originally implemented as the "bus_dma" APIs by the developers of the NetBSD operating system, busdma has been adopted by OpenBSD, FreeBSD and their derivatives; with FreeBSD incorporating it under a busdma umbrella (without an underscore). Both NetBSD and OpenBSD have additional "bus_space" APIs that have been amalgamated into the version of busdma incorporated into FreeBSD. DragonFly BSD developers are also slowly converting their drivers to use busdma. |
Weight loss effects of water | Water consumption may be effective for reducing energy intake and human body weight.Water is essential for life, but it can also aid in weight loss. The amount of water a person needs to drink depends on many factors, such as age, weight, activity level, climate, and health conditions. However, a general rule of thumb is to drink at least 2 liters (68 oz) of water per day, or more if you exercise or sweat a lot. You can also drink other fluids, such as tea, coffee, juice, or milk, but be careful of their calorie and sugar content. You should also avoid drinking alcohol, soda, and other sugary drinks, as they can dehydrate you and add extra calories to your diet. |
Cymserine | Cymserine is a drug related to physostigmine, which acts as a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, with moderate selectivity (15×) for the plasma cholinesterase enzyme butyrylcholinesterase, and relatively weaker inhibition of the better-known acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This gives it a much more specific profile of effects that may be useful for treating Alzheimer's disease without producing side effects such as tremors, lacrimation, and salivation that are seen with the older nonselective cholinesterase inhibitors currently used for this application, such as donepezil. A number of cymserine derivatives have been developed with much greater selectivity for butyrylcholinesterase, and both cymserine and several of its analogues have been tested in animals, and found to increase brain acetylcholine levels and produce nootropic effects, as well as reducing levels of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta, which are commonly used biomarkers for the development of Alzheimer's disease (potentially indicating the drugs as candidates to be the first medicine capable of stopping, and even reversing, the progression of the disease).Unfortunately, the extremely promising results of cymserine administration in Alzheimer's patients is hindered by its toxic metabolites. A portion of administered cymserine is metabolized in the body into eseroline, a potent mu opioid agonist and neurotoxin. As such, derivatives of cymserine which share its effects and mechanism of action but differ in their metabolic pathways would theoretically produce much fewer side-effects and have a greatly reduced risk of neurotoxic damage occurring with long-term administration (which could ultimately result in a greater loss of mental capacity than Alzheimer's itself). The search for cymserine derivatives which do not serve as prodrugs to eseroline is ongoing. |
Cryptogram | A cryptogram is a type of puzzle that consists of a short piece of encrypted text. Generally the cipher used to encrypt the text is simple enough that the cryptogram can be solved by hand. Substitution ciphers where each letter is replaced by a different letter or number are frequently used. To solve the puzzle, one must recover the original lettering. Though once used in more serious applications, they are now mainly printed for entertainment in newspapers and magazines. Other types of classical ciphers are sometimes used to create cryptograms. An example is the book cipher where a book or article is used to encrypt a message. |
Emission channeling | Emission channeling is an experimental technique for identifying the position of short-lived radioactive atoms in the lattice of a single crystal.When the radioactive atoms decay, they emit fast charged particles (e.g., α-particles and β-particles). Because of their charge, the emitted particles interact in characteristic ways with the electrons and nuclei of the crystal atoms, giving rise to channeling and blocking directions for the particle escaping the crystal. The intensity (or yield) of the emitted particles is therefore dependent on the position of the detector relative to crystal planes and axes. This fact is used to infer the location of the radioactive species in the lattice by varying the emission angles and subsequent comparison to simulation results. For the simulations, the manybeam formalism can be employed, and resolutions below 1 Å are achievable. |
Common plantar digital nerves of medial plantar nerve | The common plantar digital nerves of medial plantar nerve are nerves of the foot. The three common digital nerves (nn. digitales plantares communes) pass between the divisions of the plantar aponeurosis, and each splits into two proper digital nerves: Those of the first common digital nerve supply the adjacent sides of the great and second toes; Those of the second, the adjacent sides of the second and third toes; and those of the third, the adjacent sides of the third and fourth toes. |
ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit | ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CLPP gene. This protein is an essential component to form the protein complex of Clp protease (Endopeptidase Clp). |
Bleeding time | Bleeding time is a medical test done on someone to assess their platelets function. It involves making a patient bleed, then timing how long it takes for them to stop bleeding using a stopwatch or other suitable devices.
The term template bleeding time is used when the test is performed to standardized parameters. |
Clostridioides difficile | Clostridioides difficile (syn. Clostridium difficile) is a bacterium that is well known for causing serious diarrheal infections, and may also cause colon cancer. It is known also as C. difficile, or C. diff (), and is a Gram-positive species of spore-forming bacteria. Clostridioides spp. are anaerobic, motile bacteria, ubiquitous in nature and especially prevalent in soil. Its vegetative cells are rod-shaped, pleomorphic, and occur in pairs or short chains. Under the microscope, they appear as long, irregular (often drumstick- or spindle-shaped) cells with a bulge at their terminal ends (forms subterminal spores). Under Gram staining, C. difficile cells are Gram-positive and show optimum growth on blood agar at human body temperatures in the absence of oxygen. C. difficile is catalase- and superoxide dismutase-negative, and produces up to three types of toxins: enterotoxin A, cytotoxin B and Clostridioides difficile transferase (CDT). Under stress conditions, the bacteria produce spores that are able to tolerate extreme conditions that the active bacteria cannot tolerate.Clostridioides difficile is an important emerging human pathogen; according to the CDC, in 2017 there were 223,900 cases in hospitalized patients and 12,800 deaths in the United States. Although C. difficile is commonly known as a hospital and antibiotic associated pathogen, at most one third of infections can be traced to transmission from an infected person in hospitals, and only a small number of antibiotics are directly associated with an elevated risk of developing a C. difficile infection (CDI), namely clindamycin, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins. The majority of infections are acquired outside of hospitals, and most antibiotics have similar elevated risk of infection on par with many non-antibiotic risk factors, such as using stool softeners and receiving an enema.Clostridioides difficile can also become established in the human colon without causing disease. Although early estimates indicated that C. difficile was present in 2–5% of the adult population, more recent research indicates colonization is closely associated with a history of unrelated diarrheal illnesses, such as food poisoning or laxative abuse. Individuals with no history of gastrointestinal disturbances appear unlikely to become asymptomatic carriers. These carriers are thought to be a major reservoir of infection. |
Spudcan | Spudcans are the base cones on mobile-drilling jack-up platform. These inverted cones are mounted at the base of the jack-up and provide stability to lateral forces on the jack-up rig when deployed into ocean-bed systems.
Important calculations for spudcan design include the response to vertical, horizontal and torsional forces on the jack-up leg. |
Tunable laser | A tunable laser is a laser whose wavelength of operation can be altered in a controlled manner. While all laser gain media allow small shifts in output wavelength, only a few types of lasers allow continuous tuning over a significant wavelength range. |
Life-like cellular automaton | A cellular automaton (CA) is Life-like (in the sense of being similar to Conway's Game of Life) if it meets the following criteria: The array of cells of the automaton has two dimensions.
Each cell of the automaton has two states (conventionally referred to as "alive" and "dead", or alternatively "on" and "off") The neighborhood of each cell is the Moore neighborhood; it consists of the eight adjacent cells to the one under consideration and (possibly) the cell itself. |
Cyclohexanone oxime | Cyclohexanone oxime is an organic compound containing the functional group oxime. This colorless solid is an important intermediate in the production of nylon 6, a widely used polymer. |
Hospitality suite | A hospitality suite is a room or suite of rooms in a hotel or convention center, provided during a convention or conference, in order for a business, candidate, or organization to meet and entertain current or potential clients, supporters, etc. providing free refreshments and a place for guests or visitors to rest and to mingle and network during the quiet times of an event such as between or after sessions. At science fiction conventions, this is paid for by the convention, and is known as a consuite or con suite. |
Keystroke logging | Keystroke logging, often referred to as keylogging or keyboard capturing, is the action of recording (logging) the keys struck on a keyboard, typically covertly, so that a person using the keyboard is unaware that their actions are being monitored. Data can then be retrieved by the person operating the logging program. A keystroke recorder or keylogger can be either software or hardware. |
ZACA reaction | The zirconium-catalyzed asymmetric carbo-alumination reaction (or ZACA reaction) was developed by Nobel laureate Ei-ichi Negishi. It facilitates the chiral functionalization of alkenes using organoaluminium compounds under the influence of chiral bis-indenylzirconium catalysts (e.g. bearing chiral terpene residues, as in (+)- or (−)-bis[(1-neomenthyl)indenyl]zirconium dichloride). In a first step the alkene inserts into an Al-C bond of the reagent, forming a new chiral organoaluminium compound in which the aluminium atom occupies the lesser hindered position. This intermediate is usually oxidized by oxygen to form the corresponding chiral alcohol (cf. hydroboration–oxidation reaction). The reaction can also be applied to dienes, where the least sterically hindered double bond is attacked selectively. |
Monazite-(Ce) | Monazite-(Ce) is the most common representative of the monazite group. It is the cerium-dominant analogue of monazite-(La), monazite-(Nd), and monazite-(Sm). It is also the phosphorus analogue of gasparite-(Ce). The group contains simple rare earth phosphate minerals with the general formula of AXO4, where A = Ce, La, Nd, or Sm (or, rarely, Bi), and X = P or, rarely, As. The A site may also bear Ca and Th. |
Virtual Medical Record | The Virtual Medical Record (vMR) is a simplified, standardised electronic health record data model designed to support interfacing to clinical decision support (CDS) systems. vMR is compatible with Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) of CDS.
The project is sponsored by HL7. |
Valery Goppa | Valery Denisovich Goppa (Russian: Вале́рий Дени́сович Го́ппа; born 1939) is a Soviet and Russian mathematician. |
Memory virtualization | In computer science, memory virtualization decouples volatile random access memory (RAM) resources from individual systems in the data centre, and then aggregates those resources into a virtualized memory pool available to any computer in the cluster. The memory pool is accessed by the operating system or applications running on top of the operating system. The distributed memory pool can then be utilized as a high-speed cache, a messaging layer, or a large, shared memory resource for a CPU or a GPU application. |
Typestry | Typestry is a 3D software program released in the 1990s by Pixar for Apple Macintosh and Windows-based PC computer systems ($299 US). Unlike general purpose modellers and renderers, Typestry concentrated on rendering and animating text entered by the user in multiple fonts. The fonts were extruded into three dimensions, with various bevel styles and textures applied during rendering. Typestry creates 3D text with Type 1 and TrueType fonts and can do many different effects: 4 different bevel styles add Looks 9 front and 9 back lights (total 18 lights, turn off/on by change intensity, can shift relative positions, select lighting style for each light) one ambient front and one ambient back light scale, move, and rotate objects animate text animate lights Export TIFF, EPS, PICT, RIB file formatVersion 2.0 Load EPS file from Adobe Illustrator 3.0+ Particle system Put text on rubber sheets for flag effect Use tubes for out line text Fog effect Require Adobe Type Manager 2.0+ for Type 1 fonts RenderMan Expert mode for edit Looks Require Windows 3.11+ with Win 32s or Windows NT, 8MB RAM, 7MB hard drive space for Wintel.Version 2.1 Support TrueType GX fonts (Mac System 7 only) Import/export 3D Portable Digital Documents Native for PowerMacAll Mac version can't use outline font if not have screen font; no problem for Type 1 fonts because have screen font for each style (italic, bold, heavy, etc.) but TrueType fonts only have one screen font for main style. Windows version can use any Windows font. |
Suppletion | In linguistics and etymology, suppletion is traditionally understood as the use of one word as the inflected form of another word when the two words are not cognate. For those learning a language, suppletive forms will be seen as "irregular" or even "highly irregular".
The term "suppletion" implies that a gap in the paradigm was filled by a form "supplied" by a different paradigm. Instances of suppletion are overwhelmingly restricted to the most commonly used lexical items in a language. |
Stock (food) | Stock, sometimes called bone broth, is a savory cooking liquid that forms the basis of many dishes – particularly soups, stews, and sauces. Making stock involves simmering animal bones, meat, seafood, or vegetables in water or wine, often for an extended period. Mirepoix or other aromatics may be added for more flavor. |
Pulsed Pressure Cavitation Technique | Pulsed Pressure Cavitation Technique (PPCT) is a method to simulate cavitation damage using repetitive pressure pulses. It is developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.The major components of PPCT include a repetitive pulse source and a testing chamber. For examples, a pulsed laser source can be used to generate large shock waves in a confined space. The shock waves then can induce cavitating bubbles. |
Radiation-induced cancer | Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to increase the future incidence of cancer, particularly leukemia. The mechanism by which this occurs is well understood, but quantitative models predicting the level of risk remain controversial. The most widely accepted model posits that the incidence of cancers due to ionizing radiation increases linearly with effective radiation dose at a rate of 5.5% per sievert; if correct, natural background radiation is the most hazardous source of radiation to general public health, followed by medical imaging as a close second. Additionally, the vast majority of non-invasive cancers are non-melanoma skin cancers caused by ultraviolet radiation (which lies on the boundary between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation). Non-ionizing radio frequency radiation from mobile phones, electric power transmission, and other similar sources have been investigated as a possible carcinogen by the WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer, but to date, no evidence of this has been observed. |
Jason S. Lewis | Jason S. Lewis is a British radiochemist whose work relates to oncologic therapy and diagnosis. His research focus is a molecular imaging-based program focused on radiopharmaceutical development as well as the study of multimodality (PET, CT & MRI) small- and biomolecule-based agents and their clinical translation. He has worked on the development of small molecules as well as radiolabeled peptides and antibodies probing the overexpression of receptors and antigens on tumors. |
Kuratowski–Ulam theorem | In mathematics, the Kuratowski–Ulam theorem, introduced by Kazimierz Kuratowski and Stanislaw Ulam (1932), called also the Fubini theorem for category, is an analog of Fubini's theorem for arbitrary second countable Baire spaces.
Let X and Y be second countable Baire spaces (or, in particular, Polish spaces), and let A⊂X×Y . Then the following are equivalent if A has the Baire property: A is meager (respectively comeager).
The set is meager (resp. comeager) in Y} is comeager in X, where Ax=πY[A∩{x}×Y] , where πY is the projection onto Y.Even if A does not have the Baire property, 2. follows from 1.
Note that the theorem still holds (perhaps vacuously) for X an arbitrary Hausdorff space and Y a Hausdorff space with countable π-base.
The theorem is analogous to the regular Fubini's theorem for the case where the considered function is a characteristic function of a subset in a product space, with the usual correspondences, namely, meagre set with a set of measure zero, comeagre set with one of full measure, and a set with the Baire property with a measurable set. |
R4 cartridge | The R4 (also known as Revolution for DS) is an unlicensed flash cartridge for the Nintendo DS handheld system. It allows ROMs and homebrew to be booted on the Nintendo DS handheld system from a microSD card. This allows the user to run homebrew applications, to store multiple games and MP3 music files on a single memory card, and to play games that have been backed up by the user. |
Mass start | Mass start is a format of starting in some racing sports such as long-distance running in sport of athletics, speed skating, long-distance cross-country skiing and biathlon. |
Egg carton | An egg carton (also known as an egg box in British English) is a carton designed for carrying and transporting whole eggs. |
SCSI host adapter | In computer hardware, a host controller, host adapter, or host bus adapter (HBA), connects a computer system bus, which acts as the host system, to other network and storage devices. The terms are primarily used to refer to devices for connecting SCSI, SAS, NVMe, Fibre Channel and SATA devices. Devices for connecting to FireWire, USB and other devices may also be called host controllers or host adapters. |
Intertragic notch | The intertragic notch is an anatomical feature of the ears of mammals. In humans, it is the space that separates the tragus from the antitragus in the outer ear.
It is the point specified (although not by that name) in the U.S. Army’s regulation governing the length of sideburns in male soldiers. |
Atmospheric optics ray-tracing codes | Atmospheric optics ray tracing codes - this article list codes for light scattering using ray-tracing technique to study atmospheric optics phenomena such as rainbows and halos. Such particles can be large raindrops or hexagonal ice crystals. Such codes are one of many approaches to calculations of light scattering by particles. |
Ferroselite | Orthorhombic ferroselite and its isometric polymorph dzharkenite are iron selenides of general formula FeSe2 precipitated under reducing conditions in anoxic environments. They are a source of selenium in the Rocky Mountains where selenium occurrence is associated with Upper Cretaceous shale deposits. In the frame of safety assessment calculations made for deep disposal of high-level radioactive waste, ferroselite and dzharkenite are also considered in geochemical calculations as one of the mineral phases limiting the solubility of Selenium-79. |
Npj Digital Medicine | npj Digital Medicine is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal covering all aspects of digital medicine. The journal was established in 2018 and is published by Nature Portfolio. The editor-in-chief is Joseph C. Kvedar (Harvard Medical School). The journal publishes research articles, brief communications, comments, editorials, and reviews. |
Bersirc | Bersirc is a discontinued open-source Internet Relay Chat client for the Microsoft Windows operating system. Linux and Mac OS X versions were "in development". Bersirc uses the Claro toolkit, which aims to provide an interface to native windowing systems and widgets on all operating systems. Microsoft .NET and Qt toolkit ports were also planned. The final version of Bersirc was 2.2.14. |
History of the compass | The compass is a magnetometer used for navigation and orientation that shows direction in regards to the geographic cardinal points. The structure of a compass consists of the compass rose, which displays the four main directions on it: East (E), South (S), West (W) and North (N). The angle increases in the clockwise position. North corresponds to 0°, so east is 90°, south is 180° and west is 270°. |
Sellmeier equation | The Sellmeier equation is an empirical relationship between refractive index and wavelength for a particular transparent medium. The equation is used to determine the dispersion of light in the medium.
It was first proposed in 1872 by Wolfgang Sellmeier and was a development of the work of Augustin Cauchy on Cauchy's equation for modelling dispersion. |
Rule of mutual exclusion | The rule of mutual exclusion in molecular spectroscopy relates the observation of molecular vibrations to molecular symmetry. It states that no normal modes can be both Infrared and Raman active in a molecule that possesses a centre of symmetry. This is a powerful application of group theory to vibrational spectroscopy, and allows one to easily detect the presence of this symmetry element by comparison of the IR and Raman spectra generated by the same molecule.The rule arises because in a centrosymmetric point group, IR active modes, which must transform according to the same irreducible representation generated by one of the components of the dipole moment vector (x, y or z), must be of ungerade (u) symmetry, i.e. their character under inversion is -1, while Raman active modes, which transform according to the symmetry of the polarizability tensor (product of two coordinates), must be of gerade (g) symmetry since their character under inversion is +1. Thus, in the character table there is no irreducible representation that spans both IR and Raman active modes, and so there is no overlap between the two spectra.This does not mean that a vibrational mode which is not Raman active must be IR active: in fact, it is still possible that a mode of a particular symmetry is neither Raman nor IR active. Such spectroscopically "silent" or "inactive" modes exist in molecules such as ethylene (C2H4), benzene (C6H6) and the tetrachloroplatinate ion (PtCl42−). |
Suicide door | A suicide door is an automobile door hinged at its rear rather than the front. Such doors were originally used on horse-drawn carriages, but are rarely found on modern vehicles, primarily because they are perceived as being less safe than a front-hinged door. Being rear-hinged, if the vehicle was moving and the door opened, the driver/passenger would have to lean forward and out of the vehicle to close it. As seat belts were not in common use at that time, the risk of falling out of the car and into traffic was high, hence the name "suicide door".Initially standard on many models, later they became popularized in the custom car trade. Automobile manufacturers call the doors coach doors (Rolls-Royce and Lincoln), flexdoors (Opel), freestyle doors (Mazda), rear access doors (Saturn), or simply describe them as rear-hinged doors. |
Stupidity | Stupidity is a lack of intelligence, understanding, reason, or wit, an inability to learn. It may be innate, assumed or reactive. The word stupid comes from the Latin word stupere. Stupid characters are often used for comedy in fictional stories. Walter B. Pitkin called stupidity "evil", but in a more Romantic spirit William Blake and Carl Jung believed stupidity can be the mother of wisdom. |
Fresnel–Arago laws | The Fresnel–Arago laws are three laws which summarise some of the more important properties of interference between light of different states of polarization. Augustin-Jean Fresnel and François Arago, both discovered the laws, which bear their name.
The laws are as follows: Two orthogonal, coherent linearly polarized waves cannot interfere.
Two parallel coherent linearly polarized waves will interfere in the same way as natural light. |
Stanley A. Klein | Stanley A. Klein is an American psychophysicist. He is Professor of Vision Science and Optometry at the University of California, Berkeley and a member of the Berkeley Visual Processing Laboratory. He was a consulting editor for Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, a publication of the Psychonomic Society which promotes the communication of scientific research in psychology and allied sciences. His major area of research has been neurotechnology, a field of science that studies the body and mind through the nervous system by electronics and mechanisms. He was the co-chair for the SPIE (an international society on the science and application of light) meetings on human vision. Klein has authored and co-authored numerous papers on visual perception in the human brain. He is currently interested in the intersection of religion and science. |
ERS 3500 and ERS 2500 series | Ethernet Routing Switch 3500 series and Ethernet Routing Switch 2500 series or ERS 3500 and ERS 2500 in data computer networking terms are stackable routing switches designed and manufactured by Avaya. |
Risk factor | In epidemiology, a risk factor or determinant is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection.: 38 Due to a lack of harmonization across disciplines, determinant, in its more widely accepted scientific meaning, is often used as a synonym. The main difference lies in the realm of practice: medicine (clinical practice) versus public health. As an example from clinical practice, low ingestion of dietary sources of vitamin C is a known risk factor for developing scurvy. Specific to public health policy, a determinant is a health risk that is general, abstract, related to inequalities, and difficult for an individual to control. For example, poverty is known to be a determinant of an individual's standard of health. |
Remifentanil | Remifentanil , marketed under the brand name Ultiva is a potent, short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug. It is given to patients during surgery to relieve pain and as an adjunct to an anaesthetic. Remifentanil is used for sedation as well as combined with other medications for use in general anesthesia. The use of remifentanil has made possible the use of high-dose opioid and low-dose hypnotic anesthesia, due to synergism between remifentanil and various hypnotic drugs and volatile anesthetics. |
Superadditive set function | In mathematics, a superadditive set function is a set function whose value when applied to the union of two disjoint sets is greater than or equal to the sum of values of the function applied to each of the sets separately. This definition is analogous to the notion of superadditivity for real-valued functions. It is contrasted to subadditive set function. |
Bioinformatic Harvester | The Bioinformatic Harvester was a bioinformatic meta search engine created by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and subsequently hosted and further developed by KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology for genes and protein-associated information. Harvester currently works for human, mouse, rat, zebrafish, drosophila and arabidopsis thaliana based information. Harvester cross-links >50 popular bioinformatic resources and allows cross searches. Harvester serves tens of thousands of pages every day to scientists and physicians. Since 2014 the service is down. |
Ed Greenwood Presents Elminster's Forgotten Realms | Ed Greenwood Presents Elminster's Forgotten Realms is an edition-neutral sourcebook for the Forgotten Realms published during the 4th edition of the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. |
Coke bottle styling | Coke bottle styling is an automotive body design with a narrow center surrounded by flaring fenders which bears a general resemblance to a Coca-Cola classic glass contour bottle design. It was introduced by industrial designer Raymond Loewy on the radical 1962 Studebaker Avanti gran turismo. |
Microsoft account | A Microsoft account or MSA (previously known as Microsoft Passport, .NET Passport, and Windows Live ID) is a single sign-on Microsoft user account for Microsoft customers to log in to Microsoft services (like Outlook.com), devices running on one of Microsoft's current operating systems (e.g. Microsoft Windows computers and tablets, Xbox consoles), and Microsoft application software (including Visual Studio). |
Methoxide | In chemistry, an alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom. They are written as RO−, where R is the organyl substituent. They include methoxides and ethoxides. Alkoxides are strong bases and, when R is not bulky, good nucleophiles and good ligands. Alkoxides, although generally not stable in protic solvents such as water, occur widely as intermediates in various reactions, including the Williamson ether synthesis. Transition metal alkoxides are widely used for coatings and as catalysts.Enolates are unsaturated alkoxides derived by deprotonation of a C−H bond adjacent to a ketone or aldehyde. The nucleophilic center for simple alkoxides is located on the oxygen, whereas the nucleophilic site on enolates is delocalized onto both carbon and oxygen sites. Ynolates are also unsaturated alkoxides derived from acetylenic alcohols. |
IBM A2 | The IBM A2 is an open source massively multicore capable and multithreaded 64-bit Power ISA processor core designed by IBM using the Power ISA v.2.06 specification. Versions of processors based on the A2 core range from a 2.3 GHz version with 16 cores consuming 65 W to a less powerful, four core version, consuming 20 W at 1.4 GHz. |
Excitation (magnetic) | In electromagnetism, excitation is the process of generating a magnetic field by means of an electric current. An electric generator or electric motor consists of a rotor spinning in a magnetic field. The magnetic field may be produced by permanent magnets or by field coils. In the case of a machine with field coils, a current must flow in the coils to generate (excite) the field, otherwise no power is transferred to or from the rotor. Field coils yield the most flexible form of magnetic flux regulation and de-regulation, but at the expense of a flow of electric current. Hybrid topologies exist, which incorporate both permanent magnets and field coils in the same configuration. The flexible excitation of a rotating electrical machine is employed by either brushless excitation techniques or by the injection of current by carbon brushes (static excitation). |
Quantum ergodicity | In quantum chaos, a branch of mathematical physics, quantum ergodicity is a property of the quantization of classical mechanical systems that are chaotic in the sense of exponential sensitivity to initial conditions. Quantum ergodicity states, roughly, that in the high-energy limit, the probability distributions associated to energy eigenstates of a quantized ergodic Hamiltonian tend to a uniform distribution in the classical phase space. This is consistent with the intuition that the flows of ergodic systems are equidistributed in phase space. By contrast, classical completely integrable systems generally have periodic orbits in phase space, and this is exhibited in a variety of ways in the high-energy limit of the eigenstates: typically, some form of concentration occurs in the semiclassical limit ℏ→0 The model case of a Hamiltonian is the geodesic Hamiltonian on the cotangent bundle of a compact Riemannian manifold. The quantization of the geodesic flow is given by the fundamental solution of the Schrödinger equation exp (itΔ) where Δ is the square root of the Laplace–Beltrami operator. The quantum ergodicity theorem of Shnirelman 1974, Zelditch, and Yves Colin de Verdière states that a compact Riemannian manifold whose unit tangent bundle is ergodic under the geodesic flow is also ergodic in the sense that the probability density associated to the nth eigenfunction of the Laplacian tends weakly to the uniform distribution on the unit cotangent bundle as n → ∞ in a subset of the natural numbers of natural density equal to one. Quantum ergodicity can be formulated as a non-commutative analogue of the classical ergodicity (T. Sunada). |
Tufted cell | Tufted cells are found within the olfactory glomeruli. They receive input from the receptor cells of the olfactory epithelium found in areas of the nose able to sense smell. |
Thermofax | Thermo-Fax (very often Thermo fax) is 3M's trademarked name for a photocopying technology which was introduced in 1950. It was a form of thermographic printing and an example of a dry silver process. It was a significant advance as no chemicals were required, other than those contained in the copy paper itself. A thin sheet of heat sensitive copy paper was placed on the original document to be copied, and exposed to infrared energy. Wherever the image on the original paper contained carbon, the image absorbed the infrared energy when heated. The heated image then transferred the heat to the heat sensitive paper producing a blackened copy image of the original. |
Aceclofenac | Aceclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) analog of diclofenac. It is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
It was patented in 1983 and approved for medical use in 1992. |
Quantitative electroencephalography | Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG or QEEG) is a field concerned with the numerical analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data and associated behavioral correlates. |
Zofenoprilat | Zofenoprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and is the free sulfhydryl active metabolite of zofenopril. |
Almost simple group | In mathematics, a group is said to be almost simple if it contains a non-abelian simple group and is contained within the automorphism group of that simple group – that is, if it fits between a (non-abelian) simple group and its automorphism group. In symbols, a group A is almost simple if there is a (non-abelian) simple group S such that Aut (S). |
Llama hiking | Llama hiking, also known as llama trekking or llama caravanning, is an activity where llamas accompany people on hiking and walking trips, including eco-tourism. Expeditions can last from as little as a few hours to several days. For longer trips the llamas often carry up to three days trekking supplies or cargo in purpose-built pack saddles so the people with them can carry as little as a day backpack. Treks are also offered, accompanied by the closely related alpaca.Llamas have padded feet similar to those of a dog, which lets them easily traverse steep and rocky paths while being more environmentally friendly to the ground than horse hooves. They also can use narrower paths reducing disturbances to vegetation. Llamas have both a thick undercoat and a woolly topcoat which protects them from the cold. A three-compartment stomach helps them cope with poor quality food sources. A llama can carry about 25% of its body weight with no problem. So an average animal of 300 pounds (136 kg) can carry around 75 pounds (34 kg) of equipment in its packs.Llamas' excellent endurance combined with biddable and peaceful natures makes them suitable pack animals for hill walking, unlike more stubborn animals such as mules. People that might not usually participate in endurance walking go llamas hiking, including couples looking for some romantic time together, or walking parties that include disabled children. |
Institute for Physico-Medical Research | The Institute of Physico-Medical Research (polish: Instytut Badań Fizykomedycznych, IBF), is a Polish research unit that emerged in 1991 as a Research and Development Department of Primax Medic Research, Innovative and Development Company Ltd. It cooperates with specialists from renowned scientific and clinical institutions and has the Scientific Council . Its activities cover developing innovative technologies used in medicine and biotechnology. |
Debye length | In plasmas and electrolytes, the Debye length λD (Debye radius or Debye–Hückel screening length), is a measure of a charge carrier's net electrostatic effect in a solution and how far its electrostatic effect persists. With each Debye length the charges are increasingly electrically screened and the electric potential decreases in magnitude by 1/e. A Debye sphere is a volume whose radius is the Debye length. Debye length is an important parameter in plasma physics, electrolytes, and colloids (DLVO theory). The corresponding Debye screening wave vector kD=1/λD for particles of density n , charge q at a temperature T is given by kD2=4πnq2/(kBT) in Gaussian units. Expressions in MKS units will be given below. The analogous quantities at very low temperatures ( T→0 ) are known as the Thomas–Fermi length and the Thomas–Fermi wave vector. They are of interest in describing the behaviour of electrons in metals at room temperature. |
Aerial bundled cable | Aerial bundled cables (also aerial bundled conductors or simply ABC) are overhead power lines using several insulated phase conductors bundled tightly together, usually with a bare neutral conductor. This contrasts with the traditional practice of using uninsulated conductors separated by air gaps. This variation of bundled conductors utilizes the same principles as overhead power lines, except that they are closer together to the point of touching but each conductor is surrounded by an insulating layer (except for the neutral line). |
Windows 10 version 1607 | Windows 10 Anniversary Update (also known as version 1607 and codenamed "Redstone 1") is the second major update to Windows 10 and the first in a series of updates under the Redstone codenames. It carries the build number 10.0.14393. This update, as the name applies, is to celebrate the first anniversary of Windows 10. It was released 1 year after its launch. |
WPFR | WPFR may refer to: WPFR (AM), a radio station (1480 AM) licensed to serve Terre Haute, Indiana, United States WEHP (FM), a radio station (93.7 FM) licensed to serve Clinton, Indiana, which held the call signs WPFR from 1997 to 2000 and WPFR-FM from 2000 to 2023 WIBQ, a radio station (1300 AM) licensed to serve Terre Haute, Indiana, which held the call sign WPFR from 1983 to 1987 WBOW, a radio station (102.7 FM) licensed to serve Terre Haute, Indiana, which held the call sign WPFR from 1961 to 1992 |
Crystal radio | A crystal radio receiver, also called a crystal set, is a simple radio receiver, popular in the early days of radio. It uses only the power of the received radio signal to produce sound, needing no external power. It is named for its most important component, a crystal detector, originally made from a piece of crystalline mineral such as galena. This component is now called a diode. |
Apple IIc | The Apple IIc, the fourth model in the Apple II series of personal computers, is Apple Computer's first endeavor to produce a portable computer. The result was a 7.5 lb (3.4 kg) notebook-sized version of the Apple II that could be transported from place to place — a portable alternative and complement to the Apple IIe. The c in the name stood for compact, referring to the fact it was essentially a complete Apple II computer setup (minus display and power supply) squeezed into a small notebook-sized housing. While sporting a built-in floppy drive and new rear peripheral expansion ports integrated onto the main logic board, it lacks the internal expansion slots and direct motherboard access of earlier Apple II models, making it a closed system like the Macintosh. However, that was the intended direction for this model — a more appliance-like machine, ready to use out of the box, requiring no technical know-how or experience to hook up and therefore attractive to first-time users. |
Myers–Briggs Type Indicator | In personality typology, the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is an introspective self-report questionnaire indicating differing psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions. It enjoys popularity despite being widely regarded as pseudoscience by the scientific community. The test attempts to assign a binary value to each of four categories: introversion or extraversion, sensing or intuition, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving. One letter from each category is taken to produce a four-letter test result, such as "ISTJ" or "ENFP".The MBTI was constructed by two Americans: Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers, who were inspired by the book Psychological Types by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung. Isabel Myers was particularly fascinated by the concept of introversion and she typed herself as an INFP. However, she felt the book was too complex for the general public, and therefore she tried to organize the Jungian cognitive functions to make it more accessible.Most of the research supporting the MBTI's validity has been produced by the Center for Applications of Psychological Type, an organization run by the Myers–Briggs Foundation, and published in the center's own journal, the Journal of Psychological Type (JPT), raising questions of independence, bias, and conflict of interest. Though the MBTI resembles some psychological theories, it has been criticized as pseudoscience and is not widely endorsed by academic researchers in the psychology field. The indicator exhibits significant scientific (psychometric) deficiencies, including poor validity, poor reliability, measuring categories that are not independent, and not being comprehensive. |
Z-Stoff | Z-Stoff ([t͡sɛt ʃtɔf], "substance Z") was a name for calcium permanganate or sodium permanganate mixed in water. It was normally used as a catalyst for T-Stoff (high-test peroxide) in military rocket programs by Nazi Germany during World War II.Z-Stoff was used in the cold engine of the Messerschmitt Me 163 A airplane, in the earlier, self-contained HWK 109-500 Starthilfe RATO booster motor for crewed aircraft (usually in pairs or multiples of two for such uses), and a smaller derivation of the Starthilfe unit, the HWK 109-507 booster engine used with the Henschel Hs 293 anti-ship guided missile. T-Stoff decomposed by Z-Stoff was commonly used by World War II German military to generate steam for powering of fuel pumps in airplanes and rockets. |
Double-ended queue | In computer science, a double-ended queue (abbreviated to deque, pronounced deck, like "cheque") is an abstract data type that generalizes a queue, for which elements can be added to or removed from either the front (head) or back (tail). It is also often called a head-tail linked list, though properly this refers to a specific data structure implementation of a deque (see below). |
Adherens junction | Adherens junctions (or zonula adherens, intermediate junction, or "belt desmosome") are protein complexes that occur at cell–cell junctions and cell–matrix junctions in epithelial and endothelial tissues, usually more basal than tight junctions. An adherens junction is defined as a cell junction whose cytoplasmic face is linked to the actin cytoskeleton. They can appear as bands encircling the cell (zonula adherens) or as spots of attachment to the extracellular matrix (focal adhesion). |
Bundle (mathematics) | In mathematics, a bundle is a generalization of a fiber bundle dropping the condition of a local product structure. The requirement of a local product structure rests on the bundle having a topology. Without this requirement, more general objects can be considered bundles. For example, one can consider a bundle π: E→ B with E and B sets. It is no longer true that the preimages π−1(x) must all look alike, unlike fiber bundles where the fibers must all be isomorphic (in the case of vector bundles) and homeomorphic. |
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