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Metacinema | Metacinema, also meta-cinema, is a mode of filmmaking in which the film informs the audience that they are watching a work of fiction. Metacinema often references its own production, working against narrative conventions that aim to maintain the audience's suspension of disbelief. Elements of metacinema includes scenes where characters discuss the making of the film or where production equipment and facilities are shown. It is analogous to metafiction in literature. |
Soft set | Soft set theory is a generalization of fuzzy set theory, that was proposed by Molodtsov in 1999 to deal with uncertainty in a parametric manner. A soft set is a parameterised family of sets - intuitively, this is "soft" because the boundary of the set depends on the parameters. Formally, a soft set, over a universal set X and set of parameters E is a pair (f, A) where A is a subset of E, and f is a function from A to the power set of X. For each e in A, the set f(e) is called the value set of e in (f, A). |
Joseph J. Talavage | Joseph J. Talavage was a Professor of Industrial Engineering at Purdue University. He received his Ph.D. degree in Systems Engineering from Case Institute of Technology in 1968. He published numerous research and technical papers on simulation methodology, including the development of a manufacturing decision support system, and the use of simulation to design improved hierarchical control systems for steel production. He was a consultant to numerous companies and governmental agencies, and was the prime developer of the microNET simulation language. |
Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses | Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Walsh Medical Media. It covers research in all areas of psychiatry, especially schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and related psychoses. The editor-in-chief is Peter F. Buckley (Virginia Commonwealth University). |
Bi-directional hypothesis of language and action | The bi-directional hypothesis of language and action proposes that the sensorimotor and language comprehension areas of the brain exert reciprocal influence over one another. This hypothesis argues that areas of the brain involved in movement and sensation, as well as movement itself, influence cognitive processes such as language comprehension. In addition, the reverse effect is argued, where it is proposed that language comprehension influences movement and sensation. Proponents of the bi-directional hypothesis of language and action conduct and interpret linguistic, cognitive, and movement studies within the framework of embodied cognition and embodied language processing. Embodied language developed from embodied cognition, and proposes that sensorimotor systems are not only involved in the comprehension of language, but that they are necessary for understanding the semantic meaning of words. |
Fibular hemimelia | Fibular hemimelia or longitudinal fibular deficiency is "the congenital absence of the fibula and it is the most common congenital absence of long bone of the extremities." It is the shortening of the fibula at birth, or the complete lack thereof. Fibular hemimelia often causes severe knee instability due to deficiencies of the ligaments. Severe forms of fibula hemimelia can result in a malformed ankle with limited motion and stability. Fusion or absence of two or more toes are also common. In humans, the disorder can be noted by ultrasound in utero to prepare for amputation after birth or complex bone lengthening surgery. The amputation usually takes place at six months with removal of portions of the legs to prepare them for prosthetic use. The other treatments, which include repeated corrective osteotomies and leg-lengthening surgery (Ilizarov apparatus), are costly and associated with residual deformity. |
Biological network | A biological network is a method of representing systems as complex sets of binary interactions or relations between various biological entities. In general, networks or graphs are used to capture relationships between entities or objects. A typical graphing representation consists of a set of nodes connected by edges. |
Matchy-Matchy | Matchy-Matchy is an adjective used to describe something or someone that is very or excessively colour coordinated. It is a term that is commonly used in fashion blogs to describe an outfit that is too coordinated and consists of too many of the same styles of colors, patterns, fabrics, accessories, etc. "Matchy-matchy" was added to the Oxford Dictionary of English in 2010 along with 200 new words that were previously considered as slang.According to some designers, matching too much is not a good thing. "Sometimes fashion has to reintroduce an idea that may have once been considered a bad taste," says Jane Shepherdson. |
Antagonistic assets | Antagonistic Assets are the opposite of complementary assets. These are defined as a combination of resources that jointly reduce value from the implementation of other resources. In other words, combining antagonistic assets produces an effect smaller than the sum of the individual effects of each resource. |
Gibsonian ecological theory of development | The Gibsonian ecological theory of development is a theory of development that was created by American psychologist Eleanor J. Gibson during the 1960s and 1970s. Gibson emphasized the importance of environment and context in learning and, together with husband and fellow psychologist James J. Gibson, argued that perception was crucial as it allowed humans to adapt to their environments. Gibson stated that "children learn to detect information that specifies objects, events, and layouts in the world that they can use for their daily activities". Thus, humans learn out of necessity. Children are information "hunter–gatherers", gathering information in order to survive and navigate in the world. |
CRZ1 | CRZ1, short for Calcineurin-Responsive Zinc Finger 1, is a transcription factor that regulates calcineurin dependent-genes in Candida albicans. |
Snorkel (swimming) | A snorkel is a device used for breathing air from above the surface when the wearer's head is face downwards in the water with the mouth and the nose submerged. It may be either separate or integrated into a swimming or diving mask. The integrated version is only suitable for surface snorkeling, while the separate device may also be used for underwater activities such as spearfishing, freediving, finswimming, underwater hockey, underwater rugby and for surface breathing with scuba equipment. A swimmer's snorkel is a tube bent into a shape often resembling the letter "L" or "J", fitted with a mouthpiece at the lower end and constructed of light metal, rubber or plastic. The snorkel may come with a rubber loop or a plastic clip enabling the snorkel to be attached to the outside of the head strap of the diving mask. Although the snorkel may also be secured by tucking the tube between the mask-strap and the head, this alternative strategy can lead to physical discomfort, mask leakage or even snorkel loss.To comply with the current European standard EN 1972 (2015), a snorkel for users with larger lung capacities should not exceed 38 centimeters (15") in length and 230 cubic centimeters (14 cu. in.) in internal volume, while the corresponding figures for users with smaller lung capacities are 35 cm (14") and 150 cc (9¼ cu. in.) respectively. Current World Underwater Federation (CMAS) Surface Finswimming Rules (2017) require snorkels used in official competitions to have a total length between 43 and 48 cm (17" and 19") and to have an inner diameter between 1.5 and 2.3 cm (½" and 1"). A longer tube would not allow breathing when snorkeling deeper, since it would place the lungs in deeper water where the surrounding water pressure is higher. The lungs would then be unable to inflate when the snorkeler inhales, because the muscles that expand the lungs are not strong enough to operate against the higher pressure. The pressure difference across the tissues in the lungs, between the blood capillaries and air spaces would increase the risk of pulmonary edema. |
Moore Industries | Moore Industries-International, Inc. is in the process control, system integration, and factory automation industries.
Since 1968, the company has been in industrial signal interface technology. Product lines include: Signal Transmitters, Isolators and Converters; Temperature Sensors, Transmitters and Assemblies; Limit Alarm Trips; MooreHawke Fieldbus Interface Products; Process Controllers, Monitors and Backup Stations; I/P and P/I Converters; Smart HART Loop Interfaces and Monitors; Process Control and Distributed I/O; and Instrument Enclosure Solutions.
Products are commonly used in industries such as: chemical and petrochemical; electricity generation and transmission; extraction of petroleum, refining and transport; pulp and paper; food and beverage; mining and metal refining; pharmaceuticals and biotechnology; industrial machinery and equipment; water and wastewater; environmental and pollution monitoring and bat guano recycling. |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL or ChEMBLdb is a manually curated chemical database of bioactive molecules with drug inducing properties.
It is maintained by the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), based at the Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
The database, originally known as StARlite, was developed by a biotechnology company called Inpharmatica Ltd. later acquired by Galapagos NV. The data was acquired for EMBL in 2008 with an award from The Wellcome Trust, resulting in the creation of the ChEMBL chemogenomics group at EMBL-EBI, led by John Overington. |
Bullous lymphedema | Bullous lymphedema is a skin condition that usually occurs with poorly controlled edema related to heart failure and fluid overload, and compression results in healing.: 850 |
Introductory diving | Introductory diving, also known as introductory scuba experience, trial diving and resort diving are dives where people without diver training or certification can experience scuba diving under the guidance of a recreational diving instructor. Introductory diving is an opportunity for interested people to find out by practical experience at a relatively low cost if they would be interested in greater involvement in scuba diving. For scuba instructors and diving schools is it an opportunity to acquire new customers. An introductory diving experience is much less time-consuming and costly than the completion of autonomous diver training, but has little lasting value, as it is an experience program only, for which no certification is issued. Introductory scuba diving experiences are intended to introduce people to recreational diving, and increase the potential client base of dive shops to include people who do not have the time or inclination to complete an entry level certification program. |
Three Mile Island accident health effects | The domino effects of the 1979 Three Mile Island nuclear accident are widely agreed to be very low by scientists in the relevant fields. The American Nuclear Society concluded that average local radiation exposure was equivalent to a chest X-ray and maximum local exposure equivalent to less than a year's background radiation. The U.S. BEIR report on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation states that "the collective dose equivalent resulting from the radioactivity released in the Three Mile Island accident was so low that the estimated number of excess cancer cases to be expected, if any were to occur, would be negligible and undetectable." A variety of epidemiology studies have concluded that the accident has had no observable long term health effects. One dissenting study is "a re-evaluation of cancer incidence near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant" by Dr Steven Wing of the University of North Carolina. In this study, Dr Wing and his colleagues argue that earlier findings had "logical and methodological problems" and conclude that "cancer incidence, specifically lung cancer and leukemia, increased following the TMI accident in areas estimated to have been in the pathway of radioactive plumes than in other areas." Other dissenting opinions can be found in the Radiation and Public Health Project, whose leader, Joseph Mangano, has questioned the safety of nuclear power since 1985. |
Surfactant leaching (decontamination) | Surfactant leaching is a method of water and soil decontamination, e.g., for oil recovery in petroleum industry. It involves mixing of contaminated water or soil with surfactants with the subsequent leaching of emulsified contaminants. In oil recovery, most common surfactant types are ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated nonylphenols, sulphates, sulphonates, and biosurfactants. |
Crystallin, gamma D | Gamma-crystallin D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGD gene.Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. Gamma-crystallins are a homogeneous group of highly symmetrical, monomeric proteins typically lacking connecting peptides and terminal extensions. They are differentially regulated after early development. Four gamma-crystallin genes (gamma-A through gamma-D) and three pseudogenes (gamma-E, gamma-F, gamma-G) are tandemly organized in a genomic segment as a gene cluster. Whether due to aging or mutations in specific genes, gamma-crystallins have been involved in cataract formation. |
Deacetylipecoside synthase | The enzyme deacetylipecoside synthase (EC 4.3.3.4) catalyzes the chemical reaction deacetylipecoside + H2O ⇌ dopamine + secologaninThis enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically amine lyases, which cleave carbon-nitrogen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is deacetylipecoside dopamine-lyase (secologanin-forming). This enzyme is also called deacetylipecoside dopamine-lyase. It participates in indole and ipecac alkaloid biosynthesis. |
Watson capsule | The Watson peroral small intestinal biopsy capsule was a system used through from the 1960s to obtain small intestinal wall biopsies in patients with suspected coeliac disease and other diseases affecting the proximal small bowel.A similar device known as the Crosby-Kugler capsule was also developed in the 1950s and utilized for similar purposes. |
Aloglutamol | Aloglutamol is an antacid, an aluminium compound. It is a salt of aluminium, gluconic acid, and tris. It is usually given orally in doses of 0.5 to 1 g. Proprietary names include Altris, Pyreses, Tasto and Sabro. |
Roger L. Williams | Roger Lee Williams is a structural biologist and group leader at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology. His group studies the form and flexibility of protein complexes that associate with and modify lipid cell membranes. His work concerns the biochemistry, structures and dynamics of these key enzyme complexes. |
Statutory Professor in the Analysis of Partial Differential Equations | The Statutory Professorship in the Analysis of Partial Differential Equations is a chair at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford, England. Since its inception in 2009, the chair has been held by Professor Gui-Qiang Chen. It is associated with Keble College, Oxford. |
22q13 deletion syndrome | 22q13 deletion syndrome, also known as Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS), is a genetic disorder caused by deletions or rearrangements on the q terminal end (long arm) of chromosome 22. Any abnormal genetic variation in the q13 region that presents with significant manifestations (phenotype) typical of a terminal deletion may be diagnosed as 22q13 deletion syndrome. There is disagreement among researchers as to the exact definition of 22q13 deletion syndrome. The Developmental Synaptopathies Consortium defines PMS as being caused by SHANK3 mutations, a definition that appears to exclude terminal deletions. The requirement to include SHANK3 in the definition is supported by many but not by those who first described 22q13 deletion syndrome.Prototypical terminal deletion of 22q13 can be uncovered by karyotype analysis, but many terminal and interstitial deletions are too small. The availability of DNA microarray technology for revealing multiple genetic problems simultaneously has been the diagnostic tool of choice. The falling cost for the whole exome sequencing and, eventually, whole genome sequencing, may replace DNA microarray technology for candidate evaluation. However, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests remain valuable for diagnosing cases of mosaicism (mosaic genetics) and chromosomal rearrangements (e.g., ring chromosome, unbalanced chromosomal translocation). Although early researchers sought a monogenic (single gene genetic disorder) explanation, recent studies have not supported that hypothesis (see Etiology). |
Handcuff cover | A handcuff cover is a piece of plastic or metal that can be placed around a pair of handcuffs. It consists of a hinged, box-like assembly locked over the handcuff chain, wristlets and keyholes.The first handcuff cover was invented by J.D. Cullip and K.E. Stefansen and patented in 1973. It is made from high-strength, high-impact ABS plastic and is still distributed by C & S Security Inc. as "Black Box" handcuff cover. Other companies sell similar devices, e.g. CTS Thompson ("Blue Box" handcuff cover) or Sisco restraints. A handcuff cover has two key purposes: It converts a pair of standard chain link handcuffs into rigid handcuffs, providing a rather more severe restraint. |
What Is Mathematics? | What Is Mathematics? is a mathematics book written by Richard Courant and Herbert Robbins, published in England by Oxford University Press. It is an introduction to mathematics, intended both for the mathematics student and for the general public.
First published in 1941, it discusses number theory, geometry, topology and calculus. A second edition was published in 1996 with an additional chapter on recent progress in mathematics, written by Ian Stewart. |
Self-neglect | Self-neglect is a behavioral condition in which an individual neglects to attend to their basic needs, such as personal hygiene, appropriate clothing, feeding, or tending appropriately to any medical conditions they have. More generally, any lack of self-care in terms of personal health, hygiene and living conditions can be referred to as self-neglect. Extreme self-neglect can be known as Diogenes syndrome. |
Nankali post system | The Nankali post system is a post and cores prosthesis, which is used in prosthodontology and dental restoration. This post and core consists of a single smooth or serrated post and core which has an additional circle ring (counter sink) around it. The additional single-circle ring increases the contact surface area between the core and involved part of tooth significantly. Increased contact surface area decreases the pressure between the two objects (remaining part of the tooth and post-core) and is followed by a declining in the number of failures in treatments. |
Burmese glass | Burmese glass is a type of opaque colored art glass, shading from yellow to pink. It is found in either the rare original "shiny" finish or the more common "satin" finish. It is used for table glass and small, ornamental vases and dressing table articles. |
Presburger arithmetic | Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition, named in honor of Mojżesz Presburger, who introduced it in 1929. The signature of Presburger arithmetic contains only the addition operation and equality, omitting the multiplication operation entirely. The axioms include a schema of induction. |
WcaG RNA motif | The wcaG RNA motif is an RNA structure conserved in some bacteria that was detected by bioinformatics. wcaG RNAs are found in certain phages that infect cyanobacteria. Most known wcaG RNAs were found in sequences of DNA extracted from uncultivated marine bacteria. wcaG RNAs might function as cis-regulatory elements, in view of their consistent location in the possible 5' untranslated regions of genes. It was suggested the wcaG RNAs might further function as riboswitches. |
CD226 | CD226 (Cluster of Differentiation 226), PTA1 (outdated term, 'platelet and T cell activation antigen 1') or DNAM-1 (DNAX Accessory Molecule-1) is a ~65 kDa immunoglobulin-like transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of natural killer cells, NK T cell, B cells, dendritic cells, hematopoietic precursor cells, platelets, monocytes and T cells.DNAM-1 gene CD226 is conserved between human and mice. In humans the CD226 gene is located on chromosome 18q22.3. In mice the CD226 gene is located on chromosome 18E4. |
2002 AA29 | 2002 AA29 (also written 2002 AA29) is a small near-Earth asteroid that was discovered on January 9, 2002 by the LINEAR (Lincoln Near Earth Asteroid Research) automatic sky survey. The diameter of the asteroid is only about 20–100 metres (70–300 ft). It revolves about the Sun on an almost circular orbit very similar to that of the Earth. This lies for the most part inside the Earth's orbit, which it crosses near the asteroid's furthest point from the Sun, the aphelion. Because of this orbit, the asteroid is classified as Aten type, named after the asteroid 2062 Aten. |
System sales | System sales is a term used in the franchising industry. System sales represents the total sales of all outlets that use a brand, or that use multiple brands owned by one franchisor. It is always higher than the franchisor's revenue. For example, say an average "Fast Eats" restaurant has annual revenue of US$1 million. Fast Eats Inc operates 1,000 Fast Eats restaurants directly and franchises another 3,000 outlets, taking a 20% cut of sales. Fast Eats Inc's reported revenue is $1.6 billion (1,000 × $1million from direct operations and 20% × 3,000 × $1 million from franchised outlets). But Fast Eats' system revenue is $4 billion (4,000 × $1 million). |
Papillorenal syndrome | Papillorenal syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder marked by underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the kidney and colobomas of the optic nerve. |
Formal criteria for adjoint functors | In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the formal criteria for adjoint functors are criteria for the existence of a left or right adjoint of a given functor.
One criterion is the following, which first appeared in Peter J. Freyd's 1964 book Abelian Categories, an Introduction to the Theory of Functors: Another criterion is: |
BeaTunes | beaTunes is a commercial software package for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X, developed and distributed by tagtraum industries incorporated. It originally started as a tool for detecting the BPM in music managed by Apple's iTunes. Since version 3, beaTunes is not dependent on iTunes anymore and supports Harmonic mixing and Beatmixing through BPM and key detection. Keys are displayed in either their musical notation or in Open Key Notation. |
Borehole image logs | Borehole imaging logs are logging and data-processing methods used to produce two-dimensional, centimeter-scale images of a borehole wall and the rocks that make it up. These tools are limited to the open-hole environment. The applications where images are useful cover the full range of the exploration and production cycle from exploration through appraisal, development, and production to abandonment and sealing. |
Alchemical symbol | Alchemical symbols, originally devised as part of alchemy, were used to denote some elements and some compounds until the 18th century. Although notation was partly standardized, style and symbol varied between alchemists. Lüdy-Tenger published an inventory of 3,695 symbols and variants, and that was not exhaustive, omitting for example many of the symbols used by Isaac Newton. This page therefore lists only the most common symbols. |
Boxer shorts | Boxer shorts (also known as loose boxers or as simply boxers) are a type of undergarment typically worn by men.
The term has been used in English since 1944 for all-around-elastic shorts, so named after the shorts worn by boxers, for whom unhindered leg movement ("footwork") is very important. Boxers come in a variety of styles and design but are characterized by their loose fit. |
Phenylmercuric nitrate | Phenylmercuric nitrate is an organomercury compound with powerful antiseptic and antifungal effects. It was once commonly used as a topical solution for disinfecting wounds, but as with all organomercury compounds it is highly toxic, especially to the kidneys, and is no longer used in this application. However it is still used in low concentrations as a preservative in eye drops for ophthalmic use, making it one of the few organomercury derivatives remaining in current medical use. |
The simExchange | The simExchange is a web-based prediction market in which players use virtual money to buy and sell stocks and futures contracts in upcoming video game properties. The main purpose of the web site is to predict trends in the video game industry, particularly how upcoming products will sell and how they will be received by the critics. For those who do not participate in the prediction market, the web site is a database of sales forecasts and game quality forecasts that are updated in real-time. The web site also features a number of "Wisdom of the crowd"-type content collaboration and aggregation tools, including means for sharing information, articles, images, and videos about the games. |
Vertisol | A vertisol is a Soil Order in the USDA soil taxonomy and a Reference Soil Group in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). It is also defined in many other soil classification systems. In the Australian Soil Classification it is called vertosol. Vertisols have a high content of expansive clay minerals, many of them belonging to the montmorillonites that form deep cracks in drier seasons or years. In a phenomenon known as argillipedoturbation, alternate shrinking and swelling causes self-ploughing, where the soil material consistently mixes itself, causing some vertisols to have an extremely deep A horizon and no B horizon. (A soil with no B horizon is called an A/C soil). This heaving of the underlying material to the surface often creates a microrelief known as gilgai. |
Edison Bugg's Invention | Edison Bugg's Invention is a 1916 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy. |
2010 Johnson & Johnson children's product recall | The 2010 Johnson & Johnson children's product recall involved 43 over-the-counter children's medicines announced by McNeil Consumer Healthcare, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson, on April 30, 2010. Medications in the recall included liquid versions of Tylenol, Tylenol Plus, Motrin, Zyrtec, and Benadryl. The products were recalled after it was determined that they "may not fully meet the required manufacturing specifications". The recall affected at least 12 countries. |
Side Pawn Capture, Pawn*23 | Side Pawn Capture Pawn*23 (横歩取り☖2三歩 yokofudori ni-san fu) or Side Pawn Capture B*25 (横歩取り☖2五角 yokofudori ni-go kaku) is variation stemming from the Side Pawn Capture opening, in which White drops a pawn on the second file before trading off pawns on the eighth file leading Black to capture White's Side Pawn. After this, White initiates a rapid attack against Black's rook starting from a bishop drop on the second file. |
Biophysical environment | A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution. A biophysical environment can vary in scale from microscopic to global in extent. It can also be subdivided according to its attributes. Examples include the marine environment, the atmospheric environment and the terrestrial environment. The number of biophysical environments is countless, given that each living organism has its own environment. |
KIF9 | Kinesin family member 9 (KIF9), also known as kinesin-9, is a human protein encoded by the KIF9 gene. It is part of the kinesin family of motor proteins. |
Are You a Werewolf? | Are You a Werewolf? is a party game from Looney Labs. Its gameplay is similar to - and derived from - the game Mafia.
The game does not require special equipment; a deck of playing cards can also be used, though Looney Labs does have a specialized deck for sale. |
CUMYL-PICA | CUMYL-PICA (SGT-56) is an indole-3-carboxamide based synthetic cannabinoid. It is the α,α-dimethylbenzyl analogue of SDB-006. It was briefly sold in New Zealand during 2013 as an ingredient of at the time legal synthetic cannabis products, but the product containing CUMYL-BICA and CUMYL-PICA was denied an interim licensing approval under the Psychoactive Substances regulatory scheme, due to reports of adverse events in consumers. CUMYL-PICA acts as an agonist for the cannabinoid receptors, with Ki values of 59.21 nM at CB1 and 136.38 nM at CB2 and EC50 values of 11.98 nM at CB1 and 16.2 nM at CB2. |
Quartz arenite | A quartz arenite or quartzarenite is a sandstone composed of greater than 90% detrital quartz. Quartz arenites are the most mature sedimentary rocks possible, and are often referred to as ultra- or super-mature, and are usually cemented by silica. They often exhibit both textural and compositional maturity. The two primary sedimentary depositional environments that produce quartz arenites are beaches/upper shoreface and aeolian processes. |
Adipoyl chloride | Adipoyl chloride (or adipoyl dichloride) is the organic compound with the formula (CH2CH2C(O)Cl)2. It is a colorless liquid. It reacts with water to give adipic acid.
It is prepared by treatment of adipic acid with thionyl chloride.
Adipoyl chloride reacts with hexamethylenediamine to form nylon 6,6. |
GReAT | Graph Rewriting and Transformation (GReAT) is a Model Transformation Language (MTL) for Model Integrated Computing available in the GME environment. GReAT has a rich pattern specification sublanguage, a graph transformation sublanguage and a high level control-flow sublanguage. It has been designed to address the specific needs of the model transformation area. The GME environment is an example of a Model Driven Engineering (MDE) framework. |
Twelfth root of two | The twelfth root of two or 12 (or equivalently 12 ) is an algebraic irrational number, approximately equal to 1.0594631. It is most important in Western music theory, where it represents the frequency ratio (musical interval) of a semitone (Play ) in twelve-tone equal temperament. This number was proposed for the first time in relationship to musical tuning in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It allows measurement and comparison of different intervals (frequency ratios) as consisting of different numbers of a single interval, the equal tempered semitone (for example, a minor third is 3 semitones, a major third is 4 semitones, and perfect fifth is 7 semitones). A semitone itself is divided into 100 cents (1 cent = 1200 1200 ). |
Incremental encoder | An incremental encoder is a linear or rotary electromechanical device that has two output signals, A and B, which issue pulses when the device is moved. Together, the A and B signals indicate both the occurrence of and direction of movement. Many incremental encoders have an additional output signal, typically designated index or Z, which indicates the encoder is located at a particular reference position. Also, some encoders provide a status output (typically designated alarm) that indicates internal fault conditions such as a bearing failure or sensor malfunction. |
The Science of Mind | The Science of Mind is a book by Ernest Holmes. It was published in 1926 and proposes a science with a new relationship between humans and God. |
Attack vector | In computer security, an attack vector is a specific path, method, or scenario that can be exploited to break into an IT system, thus compromising its security. The term was derived from the corresponding notion of vector in biology. An attack vector may be exploited manually, automatically, or through a combination of manual and automatic activity. |
Deep ocean water | Deep ocean water (DOW) is the name for cold, salty water found deep below the surface of Earth's oceans. Ocean water differs in temperature and salinity. Warm surface water is generally saltier than the cooler deep or polar waters; in polar regions, the upper layers of ocean water are cold and fresh. Deep ocean water makes up about 90% of the volume of the oceans. Deep ocean water has a very uniform temperature, around 0-3 °C, and a salinity of about 3.5% or, as oceanographers state, 35 ppt (parts per thousand).In specialized locations such as the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii ocean water is pumped to the surface from approximately 900 metres (2,952 feet) deep for applications in research, commercial and pre-commercial activities. DOW is typically used to describe ocean water at sub-thermal depths sufficient to provide a measurable difference in water temperature. |
Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase | In enzymology, a glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase (EC 3.5.1.93) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate + H2O ⇌ (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate + glutarateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate and H2O, whereas its two products are (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate and glutarate. |
Tree uprooting | Uprooting is a form of treefall in which the root plate of a tree is torn from the soil, disrupting and mixing it and leaving a pit-mound. |
WDC 65C22 | The W65C22 versatile interface adapter (VIA) is an input/output device for use with the 65xx series microprocessor family. |
Yulex | Yulex Corporation makes products from Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) a residual agricultural material. |
IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials | IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. The journal publishes both original articles and reprints of articles featured in other IEEE Communication Society journals. It was established in 1998 and the current editor-in-chief is Dusit (Tao) Niyato (Nanyang Technological University). |
Cambridge Diploma in Computer Science | Diploma in Computer Science, originally known as the Diploma in Numerical Analysis and Automatic Computing, was a conversion course in computer science offered by the University of Cambridge. It is equivalent to a master's degree in present-day nomenclature but the title diploma was retained for historic reasons, "diploma" being the archaic term for a master's degree. |
Discontinuous transmission | Discontinuous transmission (DTX) is a means by which a mobile telephone is temporarily shut off or muted while the phone lacks a voice input. |
Intestinal metaplasia | Intestinal metaplasia is the transformation (metaplasia) of epithelium (usually of the stomach or the esophagus) into a type of epithelium resembling that found in the intestine. In the esophagus, this is called Barrett's esophagus. Chronic inflammation caused by H. pylori infection in the stomach and GERD in the esophagus are seen as the primary instigators of metaplasia and subsequent adenocarcinoma formation. Initially, the transformed epithelium resembles the small intestine lining; in the later stages it resembles the lining of the colon. It is characterized by the appearance of goblet cells and expression of intestinal cell markers such as the transcription factor, CDX2. |
Comet (pyrotechnics) | In pyrotechnics a comet is a block attached to the outside of a shell or launched freely, which burns and emits sparks as the shell is rising, leaving a trail in the sky. Some comets use a matrix composition with small stars embedded in it. The matrix composition burns with little light but ignites the stars, producing the effect. Some freely-launched comets contain crossette breaks, which explode and break the comet into pieces to produce a branching effect. |
Speedwriting | Speedwriting is the trademark under which three versions of a shorthand system were marketed during the 20th century. The original version was designed so that it could be written with a pen or typed on a typewriter. At the peak of its popularity, Speedwriting was taught in more than 400 vocational schools and its advertisements were ubiquitous in popular American magazines. |
Pagibaximab | Pagibaximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody for the prevention of staphylococcal sepsis in infants with low birth weight. As of March 2010, it is undergoing Phase II/III clinical trials. |
Ten and a quarter inch gauge | Ten and a quarter inch gauge (or X scale) (10+1⁄4 in / 260 mm) is a large modelling scale, generally only used for ridable miniature railways. Model railways at this scale normally confine the scale modelling aspects to the reproduction of the locomotive and with steam locomotives the accompanying tender. Rolling stock is generally made to carry passengers or maintenance equipment and is not to scale. There are also a number of railways which use this gauge of track but are narrow-gauge railways. Examples are Rudyard Lake Steam Railway, Isle of Mull Railway and Wells and Walsingham Light Railway. |
Desmocollin | Desmocollins are a subfamily of desmosomal cadherins, the transmembrane constituents of desmosomes. They are co-expressed with desmogleins to link adjacent cells by extracellular adhesion. There are seven desmosomal cadherins in humans, three desmocollins and four desmogleins. Desmosomal cadherins allow desmosomes to contribute to the integrity of tissue structure in multicellular living organisms. |
Glitter cell | Glitter cells (also called Sternheimer-Malbin positive cells) are polymorphonuclear leukocyte neutrophils with granules that show a Brownian movement and that are found in the urine, most commonly associated with urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis and especially prevalent under conditions of hypotonic urine (samples with specific gravity less than 1.01). First described in 1908, they derive their name from their appearance when viewed on a wet mount preparation under a microscope; the granules within their cytoplasm can be seen moving, giving them a "glittering appearance." due to swelling of the neutrophil as result of hypotonicity. In addition to a glittering morphology, glitter cells also exhibit a colorless or pale blue nuclei and pale blue or gray cytoplasmic region when stained with Sternheimer-Malbin Stain. The presence of glitter cells may be indicative of inflammatory changes in the bladder and kidney. |
Mammal Paleogene zone | The Mammal Paleogene zones or MP zones are system of biostratigraphic zones in the stratigraphic record used to correlate mammal-bearing fossil localities of the Paleogene period of Europe. It consists of thirty consecutive zones (numbered MP 1 through MP 30; MN 8 and 9 have been joined into MN 8 + 9 zone; and MP 17 zone is split into two zones - MP 17A and MP 17B zone) defined through reference faunas, well-known sites that other localities can be correlated with. MP 1 is the earliest zone, and MP 30 is the most recent. The Grande Coupure extinction and faunal turnover event marks the boundary between MP 20 and MP 21, the post-Grande Coupure faunas occurring by MP 21 onward. The MP zones are complementary with the MN zones in the Neogene. |
Description logic | Description logics (DL) are a family of formal knowledge representation languages. Many DLs are more expressive than propositional logic but less expressive than first-order logic. In contrast to the latter, the core reasoning problems for DLs are (usually) decidable, and efficient decision procedures have been designed and implemented for these problems. There are general, spatial, temporal, spatiotemporal, and fuzzy description logics, and each description logic features a different balance between expressive power and reasoning complexity by supporting different sets of mathematical constructors.DLs are used in artificial intelligence to describe and reason about the relevant concepts of an application domain (known as terminological knowledge). It is of particular importance in providing a logical formalism for ontologies and the Semantic Web: the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and its profiles are based on DLs. The most notable application of DLs and OWL is in biomedical informatics where DL assists in the codification of biomedical knowledge. |
Aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide | Aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide is a toxic metabolite of aflatoxin B1. It's formed by the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver.In the liver, aflatoxin B1 is metabolized to aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide by the cytochrome P450 enzymes. The resulting epoxide can react with guanine in the DNA to cause DNA damage. |
Turing (microarchitecture) | Turing is the codename for a graphics processing unit (GPU) microarchitecture developed by Nvidia. It is named after the prominent mathematician and computer scientist Alan Turing. The architecture was first introduced in August 2018 at SIGGRAPH 2018 in the workstation-oriented Quadro RTX cards, and one week later at Gamescom in consumer GeForce RTX 20 series graphics cards. Building on the preliminary work of its HPC-exclusive predecessor, the Turing architecture introduces the first consumer products capable of real-time ray tracing, a longstanding goal of the computer graphics industry. Key elements include dedicated artificial intelligence processors ("Tensor cores") and dedicated ray tracing processors ("RT cores"). Turing leverages DXR, OptiX, and Vulkan for access to ray-tracing. In February 2019, Nvidia released the GeForce 16 series of GPUs, which utilizes the new Turing design but lacks the RT and Tensor cores. |
The F.O.D. Control Corporation | The F.O.D. Control Corporation is a private company that serves the aerospace industry's need for equipment and information to address FOD (Foreign Object Damage/Debris) issues in airport and manufacturing environments.
Based in Dallas, Texas the company helps the aerospace industry implement or improve FOD prevention programs by providing educational and training materials and equipment. This includes the FOD Prevention Program manual, "MAKE IT FOD FREE", the online news and information resource FODNews.com, and the online FOD Prevention Program resource FODProgram.com. |
Stabilizer (ship) | Ship stabilizers (or stabilisers) are fins or rotors mounted beneath the waterline and emerging laterally from the hull to reduce a ship's roll due to wind or waves. Active fins are controlled by a gyroscopic control system. When the gyroscope senses the ship roll, it changes the fins' angle of attack so that the forward motion of the ship exerts force to counteract the roll. Fixed fins and bilge keels do not move; they reduce roll by hydrodynamic drag exerted when the ship rolls. Stabilizers are mostly used on ocean-going ships. |
Descinolone acetonide | Descinolone acetonide (developmental code name CL-27071), also known as desoxytriamcinolone acetonide, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid which was never marketed. |
Vasopressin receptor 2 | Vasopressin receptor 2 (V2R), or arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (officially called AVPR2), is a protein that acts as receptor for vasopressin. AVPR2 belongs to the subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. Its activity is mediated by the Gs type of G proteins, which stimulate adenylate cyclase. |
Tram-train | A tram-train is a type of light rail vehicle that meets the standards of a light rail system (usually an urban street running tramway), but which also meets national mainline standards permitting operation alongside mainline trains. This allows services that can utilise both existing urban light rail systems and mainline railway networks and stations. It combines the urban accessibility of a tram or light rail with a mainline train's greater speed in the suburbs.The modern tram-train concept was pioneered by the German city of Karlsruhe in the late 1980s, resulting in the creation of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn. This concept is often referred to as the Karlsruhe model, and it has since been adopted in other cities such as Mulhouse in France and in Kassel, Nordhausen and Saarbrücken in Germany.An inversion of the concept is a train-tram; a mainline train adapted to run on-street in an urban tramway, also known as the Zwickau Model. |
Simian foamy virus | Simian foamy virus (SFV) is a species of the genus Spumavirus that belongs to the family of Retroviridae. It has been identified in a wide variety of primates, including prosimians, New World and Old World monkeys, as well as apes, and each species has been shown to harbor a unique (species-specific) strain of SFV, including African green monkeys, baboons, macaques, and chimpanzees. As it is related to the more well-known retrovirus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), its discovery in primates has led to some speculation that HIV may have been spread to the human species in Africa through contact with blood from apes, monkeys, and other primates, most likely through bushmeat-hunting practices. |
Teeterboard | The teeterboard or Korean plank is an acrobatic apparatus that resembles a playground seesaw. The strongest teeterboards are made of oak (usually 9 feet in length). The board is divided in the middle by a fulcrum made of welded steel. At each end of the board is a square padded area, where a performer stands on an incline before being catapulted into the air. The well-trained flyer performs various aerial somersaults, landing on padded mats, a human pyramid, a specialized landing chair, stilts, or even a Russian bar. |
Sołtan argument | The Sołtan argument is an astrophysical theory outlined in 1982 by Polish astronomer Andrzej Sołtan. It maintains that if quasars were powered by accretion onto a supermassive black hole, then such supermassive black holes must exist in our local universe as "dead" quasars. |
DCL2 | DCL2 (an abbreviation of Dicer-like 2) is a gene in plants that codes for the DCL2 protein, a ribonuclease III enzyme involved in processing exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into 22 nucleotide small interference RNAs (siRNAs).Diverse sources of dsRNAs have been characterized, broadly classified as exogenous or endogenous. A classical example of exogenous derived dsRNAs are the viral genomes release during infection, specially from those double-stranded RNA viruses, where the cleavage of dsRNA produce small RNA products called viral siRNAs or vsi-RNAs. Other examples of exogenous source of dsRNAs are transgenic with several insertion loci along the plant hos genome. DCL2 also process endogenous sources as double-stranded RNAs derived of cis-natural antisense transcripts, generating 22nt short interfering RNA (natsi-RNAs); however, the biological relevance, evolutionary conservation, and experimental validation of natsi-RNAs remains controversial. |
Medial knee injuries | Medial knee injuries (those to the inside of the knee) are the most common type of knee injury. The medial ligament complex of the knee consists of: superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), also called the medial collateral ligament (MCL) or tibial collateral ligament deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), or mid-third medial capsular ligament posterior oblique ligament (POL), or oblique fibers of the sMCLThis complex is the major stabilizer of the medial knee. Injuries to the medial side of the knee are most commonly isolated to these ligaments. A thorough understanding of the anatomy and function of the medial knee structures, along with a detailed history and physical exam, are imperative to diagnosing and treating these injuries. |
Spectrofluorometer | A spectrofluorometer is an instrument which takes advantage of fluorescent properties of some compounds in order to provide information regarding their concentration and chemical environment in a sample. A certain excitation wavelength is selected, and the emission is observed either at a single wavelength, or a scan is performed to record the intensity versus wavelength, also called an emission spectrum. The instrument is used in fluorescence spectroscopy. |
Knowledge Engineering Environment | Knowledge Engineering Environment (KEE) is a frame-based development tool for expert systems. It was developed and sold by IntelliCorp, and was first released in 1983. It ran on Lisp machines, and was later ported to Lucid Common Lisp with the CLX library, an X Window System (X11) interface for Common Lisp. This version was available on several different UNIX workstations. |
Stromberg Formation | The Stromberg Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period. |
Computer program | A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute. Computer programs are one component of software, which also includes documentation and other intangible components.A computer program in its human-readable form is called source code. Source code needs another computer program to execute because computers can only execute their native machine instructions. Therefore, source code may be translated to machine instructions using the language's compiler. (Assembly language programs are translated using an assembler.) The resulting file is called an executable. Alternatively, source code may execute within the language's interpreter.If the executable is requested for execution, then the operating system loads it into memory and starts a process. The central processing unit will soon switch to this process so it can fetch, decode, and then execute each machine instruction.If the source code is requested for execution, then the operating system loads the corresponding interpreter into memory and starts a process. The interpreter then loads the source code into memory to translate and execute each statement. Running the source code is slower than running an executable. Moreover, the interpreter must be installed on the computer. |
Trampling | Trampling is the act of walking on something repeatedly by humans or animals.
Trampling on open ground can destroy the above ground parts of many plants and can compact the soil, thereby creating a distinct microenvironment that specific species may be adapted for.
It can be used as part of a wildlife management strategy along grazing.
When carrying out investigations like a belt transect, trampling should be avoided. At other times, it is part of the experimental design.
Trampling can be a disturbance to ecology and to archaeological sites. |
HAT-P-20 | HAT-P-20 is a K-type main-sequence star about 232 light-years away. The star has a strong starspot activity, and its equatorial plane is misaligned by 36+10−12° with the planetary orbit. Although star with a giant planet on close orbit is expected to be spun-up by tidal forces, only weak indications of tidal spin-up were detected. |
Serial femtosecond crystallography | Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is a form of X-ray crystallography developed for use at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). Single pulses at free-electron lasers are bright enough to generate resolvable Bragg diffraction from sub-micron crystals. However, these pulses also destroy the crystals, meaning that a full data set involves collecting diffraction from many crystals. This method of data collection is referred to as serial, referencing a row of crystals streaming across the X-ray beam, one at a time. |
Shower splash guard | A shower splash guard is a permanently installed, fixed, rigid fitting made of plastic or glass that prevent water from a shower from splashing out of the bathtub and onto the floor. Typically, the shower splash guard is a small triangular piece of plastic that is used in combination with a shower curtain, to prevent water escaping at the corners, but it may be a much larger piece that is used by itself. |
4-Nitrochlorobenzene | 4-Nitrochlorobenzene is the organic compound with the formula ClC6H4NO2. It is a pale yellow solid. 4-Nitrochlorobenzene is a common intermediate in the production of a number of industrially useful compounds, including antioxidants commonly found in rubber. Other isomers with the formula ClC6H4NO2 include 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 3-nitrochlorobenzene. |
Electron spin resonance dating | Electron spin resonance dating, or ESR dating, is a technique used to date materials which radiocarbon dating cannot, including minerals (e.g., carbonates, silicates, sulphates), biological materials (e.g., tooth enamel), archaeological materials (e.g., ceramics) and food. Electron spin resonance dating was first introduced to the science community in 1975, when Japanese nuclear physicist Motoji Ikeya dated a speleothem in Akiyoshi Cave, Japan. ESR dating measures the amount of unpaired electrons in crystalline structures that were previously exposed to natural radiation. The age of a substance can be determined by measuring the dosage of radiation since the time of its formation. |
Visual masking | Visual masking is a phenomenon of visual perception. It occurs when the visibility of one image, called a target, is reduced by the presence of another image, called a mask. |
Second-generation biofuels | Second-generation biofuels, also known as advanced biofuels, are fuels that can be manufactured from various types of non-food biomass. Biomass in this context means plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel. |
KIF17 | Kinesin-like protein KIF17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF17 gene. KIF17 and its close relative, C. elegans OSM-3, are members of the kinesin-2 family of plus-end directed microtubule-based motor proteins. In contrast to heterotrimeric kinesin-2 motors, however, KIF17 and OSM-3 form distinct homodimeric complexes. Homodimeric kinesin-2 has been implicated in the transport of NMDA receptors along dendrites for delivery to the dendritic membrane, whereas both heterotrimeric and homodimeric kinesin-2 motors function cooperatively in anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) and cilium biogenesis. |
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