Titles stringlengths 6 220 | Abstracts stringlengths 37 3.26k | Years int64 1.99k 2.02k | Categories stringclasses 1
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Linguistic complexity: English vs. Polish, text vs. corpus | We analyze the rank-frequency distributions of words in selected English and
Polish texts. We show that for the lemmatized (basic) word forms the
scale-invariant regime breaks after about two decades, while it might be
consistent for the whole range of ranks for the inflected word forms. We also
find that for a corpu... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Inflection system of a language as a complex network | We investigate inflection structure of a synthetic language using Latin as an
example. We construct a bipartite graph in which one group of vertices
correspond to dictionary headwords and the other group to inflected forms
encountered in a given text. Each inflected form is connected to its
corresponding headword, wh... | 2,009 | Computation and Language |
Distinguishing Fact from Fiction: Pattern Recognition in Texts Using
Complex Networks | We establish concrete mathematical criteria to distinguish between different
kinds of written storytelling, fictional and non-fictional. Specifically, we
constructed a semantic network from both novels and news stories, with $N$
independent words as vertices or nodes, and edges or links allotted to words
occurring wi... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Symmetric categorial grammar: residuation and Galois connections | The Lambek-Grishin calculus is a symmetric extension of the Lambek calculus:
in addition to the residuated family of product, left and right division
operations of Lambek's original calculus, one also considers a family of
coproduct, right and left difference operations, related to the former by an
arrow-reversing du... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Space and the Synchronic A-Ram | Space is a circuit oriented, spatial programming language designed to exploit
the massive parallelism available in a novel formal model of computation called
the Synchronic A-Ram, and physically related FPGA and reconfigurable
architectures. Space expresses variable grained MIMD parallelism, is modular,
strictly type... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
For the sake of simplicity: Unsupervised extraction of lexical
simplifications from Wikipedia | We report on work in progress on extracting lexical simplifications (e.g.,
"collaborate" -> "work together"), focusing on utilizing edit histories in
Simple English Wikipedia for this task. We consider two main approaches: (1)
deriving simplification probabilities via an edit model that accounts for a
mixture of diff... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Don't 'have a clue'? Unsupervised co-learning of downward-entailing
operators | Researchers in textual entailment have begun to consider inferences involving
'downward-entailing operators', an interesting and important class of lexical
items that change the way inferences are made. Recent work proposed a method
for learning English downward-entailing operators that requires access to a
high-qual... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Lexical Co-occurrence, Statistical Significance, and Word Association | Lexical co-occurrence is an important cue for detecting word associations. We
present a theoretical framework for discovering statistically significant
lexical co-occurrences from a given corpus. In contrast with the prevalent
practice of giving weightage to unigram frequencies, we focus only on the
documents contain... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Emotional State Categorization from Speech: Machine vs. Human | This paper presents our investigations on emotional state categorization from
speech signals with a psychologically inspired computational model against
human performance under the same experimental setup. Based on psychological
studies, we propose a multistage categorization strategy which allows
establishing an aut... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Constructions d\'efinitoires des tables du Lexique-Grammaire | Lexicon-Grammar tables are a very rich syntactic lexicon for the French
language. This linguistic database is nevertheless not directly suitable for
use by computer programs, as it is incomplete and lacks consistency. Tables are
defined on the basis of features which are not explicitly recorded in the
lexicon. These ... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Tableaux for the Lambek-Grishin calculus | Categorial type logics, pioneered by Lambek, seek a proof-theoretic
understanding of natural language syntax by identifying categories with
formulas and derivations with proofs. We typically observe an intuitionistic
bias: a structural configuration of hypotheses (a constituent) derives a single
conclusion (the categ... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Niche as a determinant of word fate in online groups | Patterns of word use both reflect and influence a myriad of human activities
and interactions. Like other entities that are reproduced and evolve, words
rise or decline depending upon a complex interplay between {their intrinsic
properties and the environments in which they function}. Using Internet
discussion commun... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A probabilistic top-down parser for minimalist grammars | This paper describes a probabilistic top-down parser for minimalist grammars.
Top-down parsers have the great advantage of having a certain predictive power
during the parsing, which takes place in a left-to-right reading of the
sentence. Such parsers have already been well-implemented and studied in the
case of Cont... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Learning Taxonomy for Text Segmentation by Formal Concept Analysis | In this paper the problems of deriving a taxonomy from a text and
concept-oriented text segmentation are approached. Formal Concept Analysis
(FCA) method is applied to solve both of these linguistic problems. The
proposed segmentation method offers a conceptual view for text segmentation,
using a context-driven clust... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Stabilizing knowledge through standards - A perspective for the
humanities | It is usual to consider that standards generate mixed feelings among
scientists. They are often seen as not really reflecting the state of the art
in a given domain and a hindrance to scientific creativity. Still, scientists
should theoretically be at the best place to bring their expertise into
standard developments... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A PDTB-Styled End-to-End Discourse Parser | We have developed a full discourse parser in the Penn Discourse Treebank
(PDTB) style. Our trained parser first identifies all discourse and
non-discourse relations, locates and labels their arguments, and then
classifies their relation types. When appropriate, the attribution spans to
these relations are also determ... | 2,014 | Computation and Language |
Emoticonsciousness | A temporal analysis of emoticon use in Swedish, Italian, German and English
asynchronous electronic communication is reported. Emoticons are classified as
positive, negative and neutral. Postings to newsgroups over a 66 week period
are considered. The aggregate analysis of emoticon use in newsgroups for
science and p... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Integration of Agile Ontology Mapping towards NLP Search in I-SOAS | In this research paper we address the importance of Product Data Management
(PDM) with respect to its contributions in industry. Moreover we also present
some currently available major challenges to PDM communities and targeting some
of these challenges we present an approach i.e. I-SOAS, and briefly discuss how
this... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Motifs de graphe pour le calcul de d\'ependances syntaxiques compl\`etes | This article describes a method to build syntactical dependencies starting
from the phrase structure parsing process. The goal is to obtain all the
information needed for a detailled semantical analysis. Interaction Grammars
are used for parsing; the saturation of polarities which is the core of this
formalism can be... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Opinion Polarity Identification through Adjectives | "What other people think" has always been an important piece of information
during various decision-making processes. Today people frequently make their
opinions available via the Internet, and as a result, the Web has become an
excellent source for gathering consumer opinions. There are now numerous Web
resources co... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
La r\'eduction de termes complexes dans les langues de sp\'ecialit\'e | Our study applies statistical methods to French and Italian corpora to
examine the phenomenon of multi-word term reduction in specialty languages.
There are two kinds of reduction: anaphoric and lexical. We show that anaphoric
reduction depends on the discourse type (vulgarization, pedagogical,
specialized) but is in... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
The semantic mapping of words and co-words in contexts | Meaning can be generated when information is related at a systemic level.
Such a system can be an observer, but also a discourse, for example,
operationalized as a set of documents. The measurement of semantics as
similarity in patterns (correlations) and latent variables (factor analysis)
has been enhanced by comput... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
MUDOS-NG: Multi-document Summaries Using N-gram Graphs (Tech Report) | This report describes the MUDOS-NG summarization system, which applies a set
of language-independent and generic methods for generating extractive
summaries. The proposed methods are mostly combinations of simple operators on
a generic character n-gram graph representation of texts. This work defines the
set of used ... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Categorial Minimalist Grammar | We first recall some basic notions on minimalist grammars and on categorial
grammars. Next we shortly introduce partially commutative linear logic, and our
representation of minimalist grammars within this categorial system, the
so-called categorial minimalist grammars. Thereafter we briefly present
\lambda\mu-DRT (D... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Annotated English | This document presents Annotated English, a system of diacritical symbols
which turns English pronunciation into a precise and unambiguous process. The
annotations are defined and located in such a way that the original English
text is not altered (not even a letter), thus allowing for a consistent reading
and learni... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Concrete Sentence Spaces for Compositional Distributional Models of
Meaning | Coecke, Sadrzadeh, and Clark (arXiv:1003.4394v1 [cs.CL]) developed a
compositional model of meaning for distributional semantics, in which each word
in a sentence has a meaning vector and the distributional meaning of the
sentence is a function of the tensor products of the word vectors. Abstractly
speaking, this fun... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A Context-theoretic Framework for Compositionality in Distributional
Semantics | Techniques in which words are represented as vectors have proved useful in
many applications in computational linguistics, however there is currently no
general semantic formalism for representing meaning in terms of vectors. We
present a framework for natural language semantics in which words, phrases and
sentences ... | 2,015 | Computation and Language |
Geometric representations for minimalist grammars | We reformulate minimalist grammars as partial functions on term algebras for
strings and trees. Using filler/role bindings and tensor product
representations, we construct homomorphisms for these data structures into
geometric vector spaces. We prove that the structure-building functions as well
as simple processors ... | 2,012 | Computation and Language |
Developing a New Approach for Arabic Morphological Analysis and
Generation | Arabic morphological analysis is one of the essential stages in Arabic
Natural Language Processing. In this paper we present an approach for Arabic
morphological analysis. This approach is based on Arabic morphological
automaton (AMAUT). The proposed technique uses a morphological database
realized using XMODEL langu... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Polarized Montagovian Semantics for the Lambek-Grishin calculus | Grishin proposed enriching the Lambek calculus with multiplicative
disjunction (par) and coresiduals. Applications to linguistics were discussed
by Moortgat, who spoke of the Lambek-Grishin calculus (LG). In this paper, we
adapt Girard's polarity-sensitive double negation embedding for classical logic
to extract a co... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Malagasy Dialects and the Peopling of Madagascar | The origin of Malagasy DNA is half African and half Indonesian, nevertheless
the Malagasy language, spoken by the entire population, belongs to the
Austronesian family. The language most closely related to Malagasy is Maanyan
(Greater Barito East group of the Austronesian family), but related languages
are also in Su... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
The effect of linguistic constraints on the large scale organization of
language | This paper studies the effect of linguistic constraints on the large scale
organization of language. It describes the properties of linguistic networks
built using texts of written language with the words randomized. These
properties are compared to those obtained for a network built over the text in
natural order. I... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Universal Higher Order Grammar | We examine the class of languages that can be defined entirely in terms of
provability in an extension of the sorted type theory (Ty_n) by embedding the
logic of phonologies, without introduction of special types for syntactic
entities. This class is proven to precisely coincide with the class of
logically closed lan... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Recognizing Uncertainty in Speech | We address the problem of inferring a speaker's level of certainty based on
prosodic information in the speech signal, which has application in
speech-based dialogue systems. We show that using phrase-level prosodic
features centered around the phrases causing uncertainty, in addition to
utterance-level prosodic feat... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Self reference in word definitions | Dictionaries are inherently circular in nature. A given word is linked to a
set of alternative words (the definition) which in turn point to further
descendants. Iterating through definitions in this way, one typically finds
that definitions loop back upon themselves. The graph formed by such
definitional relations i... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Fitting Ranked English and Spanish Letter Frequency Distribution in U.S.
and Mexican Presidential Speeches | The limited range in its abscissa of ranked letter frequency distributions
causes multiple functions to fit the observed distribution reasonably well. In
order to critically compare various functions, we apply the statistical model
selections on ten functions, using the texts of U.S. and Mexican presidential
speeches... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Codeco: A Grammar Notation for Controlled Natural Language in Predictive
Editors | Existing grammar frameworks do not work out particularly well for controlled
natural languages (CNL), especially if they are to be used in predictive
editors. I introduce in this paper a new grammar notation, called Codeco, which
is designed specifically for CNLs and predictive editors. Two different parsers
have bee... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Materials to the Russian-Bulgarian Comparative Dictionary "EAD" | This article presents a fragment of a new comparative dictionary "A
comparative dictionary of names of expansive action in Russian and Bulgarian
languages". Main features of the new web-based comparative dictionary are
placed, the principles of its formation are shown, primary links between the
word-matches are class... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A Universal Part-of-Speech Tagset | To facilitate future research in unsupervised induction of syntactic
structure and to standardize best-practices, we propose a tagset that consists
of twelve universal part-of-speech categories. In addition to the tagset, we
develop a mapping from 25 different treebank tagsets to this universal set. As
a result, when... | 2,015 | Computation and Language |
Seeking Meaning in a Space Made out of Strokes, Radicals, Characters and
Compounds | Chinese characters can be compared to a molecular structure: a character is
analogous to a molecule, radicals are like atoms, calligraphic strokes
correspond to elementary particles, and when characters form compounds, they
are like molecular structures. In chemistry the conjunction of all of these
structural levels ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Phylogeny and geometry of languages from normalized Levenshtein distance | The idea that the distance among pairs of languages can be evaluated from
lexical differences seems to have its roots in the work of the French explorer
Dumont D'Urville. He collected comparative words lists of various languages
during his voyages aboard the Astrolabe from 1826 to 1829 and, in his work
about the geog... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Performance Evaluation of Statistical Approaches for Text Independent
Speaker Recognition Using Source Feature | This paper introduces the performance evaluation of statistical approaches
for TextIndependent speaker recognition system using source feature. Linear
prediction LP residual is used as a representation of excitation information in
speech. The speaker-specific information in the excitation of voiced speech is
captured... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
Mark My Words! Linguistic Style Accommodation in Social Media | The psycholinguistic theory of communication accommodation accounts for the
general observation that participants in conversations tend to converge to one
another's communicative behavior: they coordinate in a variety of dimensions
including choice of words, syntax, utterance length, pitch and gestures. In its
almost... | 2,009 | Computation and Language |
English-Lithuanian-English Machine Translation lexicon and engine:
current state and future work | This article overviews the current state of the English-Lithuanian-English
machine translation system. The first part of the article describes the
problems that system poses today and what actions will be taken to solve them
in the future. The second part of the article tackles the main issue of the
translation proce... | 2,006 | Computation and Language |
Multilingual lexicon design tool and database management system for MT | The paper presents the design and development of English-Lithuanian-English
dictionarylexicon tool and lexicon database management system for MT. The
system is oriented to support two main requirements: to be open to the user and
to describe much more attributes of speech parts as a regular dictionary that
are requir... | 2,005 | Computation and Language |
A Compositional Distributional Semantics, Two Concrete Constructions,
and some Experimental Evaluations | We provide an overview of the hybrid compositional distributional model of
meaning, developed in Coecke et al. (arXiv:1003.4394v1 [cs.CL]), which is based
on the categorical methods also applied to the analysis of information flow in
quantum protocols. The mathematical setting stipulates that the meaning of a
sentenc... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Perception of Personality and Naturalness through Dialogues by Native
Speakers of American English and Arabic | Linguistic markers of personality traits have been studied extensively, but
few cross-cultural studies exist. In this paper, we evaluate how native
speakers of American English and Arabic perceive personality traits and
naturalness of English utterances that vary along the dimensions of verbosity,
hedging, lexical an... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A statistical learning algorithm for word segmentation | In natural speech, the speaker does not pause between words, yet a human
listener somehow perceives this continuous stream of phonemes as a series of
distinct words. The detection of boundaries between spoken words is an instance
of a general capability of the human neocortex to remember and to recognize
recurring se... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Quantum-Like Uncertain Conditionals for Text Analysis | Simple representations of documents based on the occurrences of terms are
ubiquitous in areas like Information Retrieval, and also frequent in Natural
Language Processing. In this work we propose a logical-probabilistic approach
to the analysis of natural language text based in the concept of Uncertain
Conditional, o... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Computational Approach to Anaphora Resolution in Spanish Dialogues | This paper presents an algorithm for identifying noun-phrase antecedents of
pronouns and adjectival anaphors in Spanish dialogues. We believe that anaphora
resolution requires numerous sources of information in order to find the
correct antecedent of the anaphor. These sources can be of different kinds,
e.g., linguis... | 2,001 | Computation and Language |
Chameleons in imagined conversations: A new approach to understanding
coordination of linguistic style in dialogs | Conversational participants tend to immediately and unconsciously adapt to
each other's language styles: a speaker will even adjust the number of articles
and other function words in their next utterance in response to the number in
their partner's immediately preceding utterance. This striking level of
coordination ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Experimental Support for a Categorical Compositional Distributional
Model of Meaning | Modelling compositional meaning for sentences using empirical distributional
methods has been a challenge for computational linguists. We implement the
abstract categorical model of Coecke et al. (arXiv:1003.4394v1 [cs.CL]) using
data from the BNC and evaluate it. The implementation is based on unsupervised
learning ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Acquiring Word-Meaning Mappings for Natural Language Interfaces | This paper focuses on a system, WOLFIE (WOrd Learning From Interpreted
Examples), that acquires a semantic lexicon from a corpus of sentences paired
with semantic representations. The lexicon learned consists of phrases paired
with meaning representations. WOLFIE is part of an integrated system that
learns to transfo... | 2,003 | Computation and Language |
Translation of Pronominal Anaphora between English and Spanish:
Discrepancies and Evaluation | This paper evaluates the different tasks carried out in the translation of
pronominal anaphora in a machine translation (MT) system. The MT interlingua
approach named AGIR (Anaphora Generation with an Interlingua Representation)
improves upon other proposals presented to date because it is able to translate
intersent... | 2,003 | Computation and Language |
Acquiring Correct Knowledge for Natural Language Generation | Natural language generation (NLG) systems are computer software systems that
produce texts in English and other human languages, often from non-linguistic
input data. NLG systems, like most AI systems, need substantial amounts of
knowledge. However, our experience in two NLG projects suggests that it is
difficult to ... | 2,003 | Computation and Language |
Entropy of Telugu | This paper presents an investigation of the entropy of the Telugu script.
Since this script is syllabic, and not alphabetic, the computation of entropy
is somewhat complicated.
| 2,011 | Computation and Language |
On the origin of ambiguity in efficient communication | This article studies the emergence of ambiguity in communication through the
concept of logical irreversibility and within the framework of Shannon's
information theory. This leads us to a precise and general expression of the
intuition behind Zipf's vocabulary balance in terms of a symmetry equation
between the comp... | 2,013 | Computation and Language |
Notes on Electronic Lexicography | These notes are a continuation of topics covered by V. Selegej in his article
"Electronic Dictionaries and Computational lexicography". How can an electronic
dictionary have as its object the description of closely related languages?
Obviously, such a question allows multiple answers.
| 2,015 | Computation and Language |
Experimenting with Transitive Verbs in a DisCoCat | Formal and distributional semantic models offer complementary benefits in
modeling meaning. The categorical compositional distributional (DisCoCat) model
of meaning of Coecke et al. (arXiv:1003.4394v1 [cs.CL]) combines aspected of
both to provide a general framework in which meanings of words, obtained
distributional... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
The settlement of Madagascar: what dialects and languages can tell | The dialects of Madagascar belong to the Greater Barito East group of the
Austronesian family and it is widely accepted that the Island was colonized by
Indonesian sailors after a maritime trek which probably took place around 650
CE. The language most closely related to Malagasy dialects is Maanyan but also
Malay is... | 2,015 | Computation and Language |
Finding Deceptive Opinion Spam by Any Stretch of the Imagination | Consumers increasingly rate, review and research products online.
Consequently, websites containing consumer reviews are becoming targets of
opinion spam. While recent work has focused primarily on manually identifiable
instances of opinion spam, in this work we study deceptive opinion
spam---fictitious opinions that... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Fence - An Efficient Parser with Ambiguity Support for Model-Driven
Language Specification | Model-based language specification has applications in the implementation of
language processors, the design of domain-specific languages, model-driven
software development, data integration, text mining, natural language
processing, and corpus-based induction of models. Model-based language
specification decouples l... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A Semantic Relatedness Measure Based on Combined Encyclopedic,
Ontological and Collocational Knowledge | We describe a new semantic relatedness measure combining the Wikipedia-based
Explicit Semantic Analysis measure, the WordNet path measure and the mixed
collocation index. Our measure achieves the currently highest results on the
WS-353 test: a Spearman rho coefficient of 0.79 (vs. 0.75 in (Gabrilovich and
Markovitch,... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Design of Arabic Diacritical Marks | Diacritical marks play a crucial role in meeting the criteria of usability of
typographic text, such as: homogeneity, clarity and legibility. To change the
diacritic of a letter in a word could completely change its semantic. The
situation is very complicated with multilingual text. Indeed, the problem of
design beco... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Use Pronunciation by Analogy for text to speech system in Persian
language | The interest in text to speech synthesis increased in the world .text to
speech have been developed formany popular languages such as English, Spanish
and French and many researches and developmentshave been applied to those
languages. Persian on the other hand, has been given little attentioncompared
to other langua... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
NEMO: Extraction and normalization of organization names from PubMed
affiliation strings | We propose NEMO, a system for extracting organization names in the
affiliation and normalizing them to a canonical organization name. Our parsing
process involves multi-layered rule matching with multiple dictionaries. The
system achieves more than 98% f-score in extracting organization names. Our
process of normaliz... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
BioSimplify: an open source sentence simplification engine to improve
recall in automatic biomedical information extraction | BioSimplify is an open source tool written in Java that introduces and
facilitates the use of a novel model for sentence simplification tuned for
automatic discourse analysis and information extraction (as opposed to sentence
simplification for improving human readability). The model is based on a
"shot-gun" approach... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
An Effective Approach to Biomedical Information Extraction with Limited
Training Data | Overall, the two main contributions of this work include the application of
sentence simplification to association extraction as described above, and the
use of distributional semantics for concept extraction. The proposed work on
concept extraction amalgamates for the first time two diverse research areas
-distribut... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Cross-moments computation for stochastic context-free grammars | In this paper we consider the problem of efficient computation of
cross-moments of a vector random variable represented by a stochastic
context-free grammar. Two types of cross-moments are discussed. The sample
space for the first one is the set of all derivations of the context-free
grammar, and the sample space for... | 2,013 | Computation and Language |
Serialising the ISO SynAF Syntactic Object Model | This paper introduces, an XML format developed to serialise the object model
defined by the ISO Syntactic Annotation Framework SynAF. Based on widespread
best practices we adapt a popular XML format for syntactic annotation,
TigerXML, with additional features to support a variety of syntactic phenomena
including cons... | 2,014 | Computation and Language |
A Concise Query Language with Search and Transform Operations for
Corpora with Multiple Levels of Annotation | The usefulness of annotated corpora is greatly increased if there is an
associated tool that can allow various kinds of operations to be performed in a
simple way. Different kinds of annotation frameworks and many query languages
for them have been proposed, including some to deal with multiple layers of
annotation. ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Using Inverse lambda and Generalization to Translate English to Formal
Languages | We present a system to translate natural language sentences to formulas in a
formal or a knowledge representation language. Our system uses two inverse
lambda-calculus operators and using them can take as input the semantic
representation of some words, phrases and sentences and from that derive the
semantic represen... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Language understanding as a step towards human level intelligence -
automatizing the construction of the initial dictionary from example
sentences | For a system to understand natural language, it needs to be able to take
natural language text and answer questions given in natural language with
respect to that text; it also needs to be able to follow instructions given in
natural language. To achieve this, a system must be able to process natural
language and be ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Solving puzzles described in English by automated translation to answer
set programming and learning how to do that translation | We present a system capable of automatically solving combinatorial logic
puzzles given in (simplified) English. It involves translating the English
descriptions of the puzzles into answer set programming(ASP) and using ASP
solvers to provide solutions of the puzzles. To translate the descriptions, we
use a lambda-cal... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Query Expansion: Term Selection using the EWC Semantic Relatedness
Measure | This paper investigates the efficiency of the EWC semantic relatedness
measure in an ad-hoc retrieval task. This measure combines the Wikipedia-based
Explicit Semantic Analysis measure, the WordNet path measure and the mixed
collocation index. In the experiments, the open source search engine Terrier
was utilised as ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Why is language well-designed for communication? (Commentary on
Christiansen and Chater: 'Language as shaped by the brain') | Selection through iterated learning explains no more than other
non-functional accounts, such as universal grammar, why language is so
well-designed for communicative efficiency. It does not predict several
distinctive features of language like central embedding, large lexicons or the
lack of iconicity, that seem to ... | 2,008 | Computation and Language |
Une analyse bas\'ee sur la S-DRT pour la mod\'elisation de dialogues
pathologiques | In this article, we present a corpus of dialogues between a schizophrenic
speaker and an interlocutor who drives the dialogue. We had identified specific
discontinuities for paranoid schizophrenics. We propose a modeling of these
discontinuities with S-DRT (its pragmatic part)
| 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Event in Compositional Dynamic Semantics | We present a framework which constructs an event-style dis- course semantics.
The discourse dynamics are encoded in continuation semantics and various
rhetorical relations are embedded in the resulting interpretation of the
framework. We assume discourse and sentence are distinct semantic objects, that
play different... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Encoding Phases using Commutativity and Non-commutativity in a Logical
Framework | This article presents an extension of Minimalist Categorial Gram- mars (MCG)
to encode Chomsky's phases. These grammars are based on Par- tially Commutative
Logic (PCL) and encode properties of Minimalist Grammars (MG) of Stabler. The
first implementation of MCG were using both non- commutative properties (to
respect... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Minimalist Grammars and Minimalist Categorial Grammars, definitions
toward inclusion of generated languages | Stabler proposes an implementation of the Chomskyan Minimalist Program,
Chomsky 95 with Minimalist Grammars - MG, Stabler 97. This framework inherits a
long linguistic tradition. But the semantic calculus is more easily added if
one uses the Curry-Howard isomorphism. Minimalist Categorial Grammars - MCG,
based on an ... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Emotional Analysis of Blogs and Forums Data | We perform a statistical analysis of emotionally annotated comments in two
large online datasets, examining chains of consecutive posts in the
discussions. Using comparisons with randomised data we show that there is a
high level of correlation for the emotional content of messages.
| 2,012 | Computation and Language |
Inter-rater Agreement on Sentence Formality | Formality is one of the most important dimensions of writing style variation.
In this study we conducted an inter-rater reliability experiment for assessing
sentence formality on a five-point Likert scale, and obtained good agreement
results as well as different rating distributions for different sentence
categories.... | 2,014 | Computation and Language |
Building Ontologies to Understand Spoken Tunisian Dialect | This paper presents a method to understand spoken Tunisian dialect based on
lexical semantic. This method takes into account the specificity of the
Tunisian dialect which has no linguistic processing tools. This method is
ontology-based which allows exploiting the ontological concepts for semantic
annotation and onto... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
LexRank: Graph-based Lexical Centrality as Salience in Text
Summarization | We introduce a stochastic graph-based method for computing relative
importance of textual units for Natural Language Processing. We test the
technique on the problem of Text Summarization (TS). Extractive TS relies on
the concept of sentence salience to identify the most important sentences in a
document or set of do... | 2,004 | Computation and Language |
Combining Knowledge- and Corpus-based Word-Sense-Disambiguation Methods | In this paper we concentrate on the resolution of the lexical ambiguity that
arises when a given word has several different meanings. This specific task is
commonly referred to as word sense disambiguation (WSD). The task of WSD
consists of assigning the correct sense to words using an electronic dictionary
as the so... | 2,005 | Computation and Language |
Learning Content Selection Rules for Generating Object Descriptions in
Dialogue | A fundamental requirement of any task-oriented dialogue system is the ability
to generate object descriptions that refer to objects in the task domain. The
subproblem of content selection for object descriptions in task-oriented
dialogue has been the focus of much previous work and a large number of models
have been ... | 2,005 | Computation and Language |
From Contracts in Structured English to CL Specifications | In this paper we present a framework to analyze conflicts of contracts
written in structured English. A contract that has manually been rewritten in a
structured English is automatically translated into a formal language using the
Grammatical Framework (GF). In particular we use the contract language CL as a
target f... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A Probabilistic Approach to Pronunciation by Analogy | The relationship between written and spoken words is convoluted in languages
with a deep orthography such as English and therefore it is difficult to devise
explicit rules for generating the pronunciations for unseen words.
Pronunciation by analogy (PbA) is a data-driven method of constructing
pronunciations for nove... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Automatic transcription of 17th century English text in Contemporary
English with NooJ: Method and Evaluation | Since 2006 we have undertaken to describe the differences between 17th
century English and contemporary English thanks to NLP software. Studying a
corpus spanning the whole century (tales of English travellers in the Ottoman
Empire in the 17th century, Mary Astell's essay A Serious Proposal to the
Ladies and other li... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
Object-oriented semantics of English in natural language understanding
system | A new approach to the problem of natural language understanding is proposed.
The knowledge domain under consideration is the social behavior of people.
English sentences are translated into set of predicates of a semantic database,
which describe persons, occupations, organizations, projects, actions, events,
message... | 2,015 | Computation and Language |
User-level sentiment analysis incorporating social networks | We show that information about social relationships can be used to improve
user-level sentiment analysis. The main motivation behind our approach is that
users that are somehow "connected" may be more likely to hold similar opinions;
therefore, relationship information can complement what we can extract about a
user'... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A Comparison of Different Machine Transliteration Models | Machine transliteration is a method for automatically converting words in one
language into phonetically equivalent ones in another language. Machine
transliteration plays an important role in natural language applications such
as information retrieval and machine translation, especially for handling
proper nouns and... | 2,006 | Computation and Language |
Learning Sentence-internal Temporal Relations | In this paper we propose a data intensive approach for inferring
sentence-internal temporal relations. Temporal inference is relevant for
practical NLP applications which either extract or synthesize temporal
information (e.g., summarisation, question answering). Our method bypasses the
need for manual coding by expl... | 2,006 | Computation and Language |
Product Review Summarization based on Facet Identification and Sentence
Clustering | Product review nowadays has become an important source of information, not
only for customers to find opinions about products easily and share their
reviews with peers, but also for product manufacturers to get feedback on their
products. As the number of product reviews grows, it becomes difficult for
users to searc... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
A Constraint-Satisfaction Parser for Context-Free Grammars | Traditional language processing tools constrain language designers to
specific kinds of grammars. In contrast, model-based language specification
decouples language design from language processing. As a consequence,
model-based language specification tools need general parsers able to parse
unrestricted context-free ... | 2,012 | Computation and Language |
Data formats for phonological corpora | The goal of the present chapter is to explore the possibility of providing
the research (but also the industrial) community that commonly uses spoken
corpora with a stable portfolio of well-documented standardised formats that
allow a high re-use rate of annotated spoken resources and, as a consequence,
better intero... | 2,012 | Computation and Language |
NP Animacy Identification for Anaphora Resolution | In anaphora resolution for English, animacy identification can play an
integral role in the application of agreement restrictions between pronouns and
candidates, and as a result, can improve the accuracy of anaphora resolution
systems. In this paper, two methods for animacy identification are proposed and
evaluated ... | 2,007 | Computation and Language |
Towards cross-lingual alerting for bursty epidemic events | Background: Online news reports are increasingly becoming a source for event
based early warning systems that detect natural disasters. Harnessing the
massive volume of information available from multilingual newswire presents as
many challenges as opportunities due to the patterns of reporting complex
spatiotemporal... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
OMG U got flu? Analysis of shared health messages for bio-surveillance | Background: Micro-blogging services such as Twitter offer the potential to
crowdsource epidemics in real-time. However, Twitter posts ('tweets') are often
ambiguous and reactive to media trends. In order to ground user messages in
epidemic response we focused on tracking reports of self-protective behaviour
such as a... | 2,011 | Computation and Language |
What's unusual in online disease outbreak news? | Background: Accurate and timely detection of public health events of
international concern is necessary to help support risk assessment and response
and save lives. Novel event-based methods that use the World Wide Web as a
signal source offer potential to extend health surveillance into areas where
traditional indic... | 2,010 | Computation and Language |
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