The dataset viewer is not available for this split.
Error code: StreamingRowsError
Exception: ArrowInvalid
Message: JSON parse error: Column(/abstract_inverted_index/The) was specified twice in row 3
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 280, in _generate_tables
df = pandas_read_json(f)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 34, in pandas_read_json
return pd.read_json(path_or_buf, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
return json_reader.read()
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1014, in read
obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1040, in _get_object_parser
obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1176, in parse
self._parse()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1392, in _parse
ujson_loads(json, precise_float=self.precise_float), dtype=None
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ValueError: Trailing data
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 99, in get_rows_or_raise
return get_rows(
^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
return func(*args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 77, in get_rows
rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(ds, rows_max_number + 1))
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2690, in __iter__
for key, example in ex_iterable:
^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2227, in __iter__
for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2251, in _iter_arrow
for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 494, in _iter_arrow
for key, pa_table in iterator:
^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 384, in _iter_arrow
for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 283, in _generate_tables
raise e
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 246, in _generate_tables
pa_table = paj.read_json(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 342, in pyarrow._json.read_json
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 155, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 92, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Column(/abstract_inverted_index/The) was specified twice in row 3Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
OpenAlex Snapshot
Mirror of the OpenAlex scholarly metadata snapshot — a free, open catalogue of 250M+ scholarly works, 100M+ authors, and related entities.
Hosted on HuggingFace via Xet for content-addressable deduplication.
Source: s3://openalex (public, anonymous S3 bucket)
Dataset subsets
Each entity type is a separate subset (config):
| Config | Description | Shards |
|---|---|---|
works |
Scholarly works (papers, datasets, etc.) | 2,127 |
authors |
Authors of scholarly works | 738 |
institutions |
Universities, research orgs | 61 |
publishers |
Academic publishers | 51 |
sources |
Journals, repositories, conferences | 42 |
awards |
Grant/funding awards | 20 |
concepts |
Legacy concept taxonomy (Wikidata) | 3 |
topics |
Topic taxonomy | 1 |
domains |
Top-level topic domains | 1 |
fields |
Topic fields | 1 |
subfields |
Topic subfields | 1 |
funders |
Funding organisations | 1 |
Data format
Each shard is a gzip-compressed JSON Lines file at:
data/{entity}/updated_date=YYYY-MM-DD/part_XXXX.jsonl.gz
The .jsonl.gz extension allows the HuggingFace dataset viewer to detect the inner format automatically. On S3, files are named part_XXXX.gz; the download pipeline renames them on save.
Each line is a JSON object representing one entity record. Fields vary by entity type. See the OpenAlex data model for field definitions.
Example: Work record fields
id, doi, title, display_name, publication_year, type, language, authorships, concepts, topics, keywords, cited_by_count, referenced_works, related_works, locations, open_access, funders, awards, mesh, sustainable_development_goals, counts_by_year, updated_date, and more.
Sync and extraction pipeline
The sync/ directory contains a Python pipeline for downloading from S3 and extracting relationship tables to Parquet:
- Download:
python3 -m sync.download sync [--entity X]— syncs froms3://openalex(public, anonymous) - Extract:
python3 -m sync.extract extract [--entity X] --workers 6— converts.jsonl.gzto nested parquet sub-tables
Extraction supports --slice-index N --slice-total M to partition work across machines.
Adding new entity types
OpenAlex occasionally adds new entities. To support a new one:
- Download:
python3 -m sync.download sync --entity {entity} - Schema: Add entity + relationship schemas to
sync/schemas.py - Extraction: Add dispatch entry to
_ENTITY_DISPATCHinsync/extract.py - Nesting: Add singular→plural entry to
_ENTITY_SINGULAR_TO_PLURALinsync/common.py - Commit: Stage and push
License
OpenAlex data is released under CC0 1.0 Universal. See the OpenAlex terms for details.
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