question stringlengths 29 100 | answers list | ctxs list | nq_annotated_gold dict |
|---|---|---|---|
first jnanpith award was an autor of which language | [
"Malayalam"
] | [
{
"title": "Jnanpith Award",
"text": "Jnanpith Award The Jnanpith Award is an Indian literary award presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith to an author for their \"outstanding contribution towards literature\". Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian writers writing in Indian language... | {
"title": "G. Sankara Kurup",
"long_answer": "G. Sankara Kurup, (3 June 1901, Nayathode, Kingdom of Cochin (now in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India) – 2 February 1978, Vappalassery, Angamaly, Ernakulam district, Kerala), better known as Mahakavi G (The Great Poet G), was the first winner of the Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary award. He won the prize in 1965 for his collection of poems in Malayalam Odakkuzhal (The Bamboo Flute, 1950). With part of the prize money he established the literary award Odakkuzhal in 1968. He was also the recipient of the Soviet Land Nehru Award, in 1967, and the Padma Bhushan in 1968. His poetry collection Viswadarshanam won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award in 1961 and Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award in 1963.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Kurup, (3 June 1901, Nayathode, Kingdom of Cochin (now in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India) – 2 February 1978, Vappalassery, Angamaly, Ernakulam district, Kerala), better known as Mahakavi G (The Great Poet G), was the first winner of the Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary award. He won the prize in 1965 for his collection of poems in Malayalam Odakkuzhal (The Bamboo Flute, 1950). With part of the prize money he established the literary award Odakkuzhal in 1968. He was also the recipient of the Soviet Land Nehru Award, in 1967, and the Padma Bhushan in 1968. His poetry collection Viswadarshanam won",
"short_answers": [
"Malayalam"
]
} |
how many cracker barrels in the united states | [
"639",
"more than 600"
] | [
{
"title": "Cracker Barrel",
"text": "including eggs and salsa in Texas and Reuben sandwiches in New York, but continued to offer its original menu items in all restaurants. By September 1997, Cracker Barrel had 314 restaurants, and aimed to increase the number of stores by approximately 50 per year over th... | {
"title": "Cracker Barrel",
"long_answer": "Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. is an American chain of combined restaurant and gift stores with a Southern country theme. The company was founded by Dan Evins in 1969; its first store was in Lebanon, Tennessee, which remains the company headquarters. The chain's stores were at first positioned near Interstate highway exits in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, but has expanded across the country during the 1990s and 2000s. As of September 18, 2012, the chain operates 639 stores in 43 states.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. is an American chain of combined restaurant and gift stores with a Southern country theme. The company was founded by Dan Evins in 1969; its first store was in Lebanon, Tennessee, which remains the company headquarters. The chain's stores were at first positioned near Interstate highway exits in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, but has expanded across the country during the 1990s and 2000s. As of September 18, 2012, the chain operates 639 stores in 43 states.\n",
"short_answers": [
"639"
]
} |
in photosynthesis the carbon in co2 is initially fixed to what molecule | [
"3-phosphoglycerate"
] | [
{
"title": "Photosynthesis",
"text": "Berkeley, the details of photosynthetic carbon metabolism were sorted out by the chemists Melvin Calvin, Andrew Benson, James Bassham and a score of students and researchers utilizing the carbon-14 isotope and paper chromatography techniques. The pathway of CO fixation ... | {
"title": "C4 carbon fixation",
"long_answer": "In C3 plants, the first step in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis involves the fixation of CO2 by the enzyme RuBisCO into 3-phosphoglycerate. However, due to the dual carboxylase and oxygenase activity of RuBisCo, some part of the substrate is oxidized rather than carboxylated, resulting in loss of substrate and consumption of energy, in what is known as photorespiration. In order to bypass the photorespiration pathway, C4 plants have developed a mechanism to efficiently deliver CO2 to the RuBisCO enzyme. They utilize their specific leaf anatomy where chloroplasts exist not only in the mesophyll cells in the outer part of their leaves but in the bundle sheath cells as well. Instead of direct fixation to RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle, CO2 is incorporated into a 4-carbon organic acid, which has the ability to regenerate CO2 in the chloroplasts of the bundle sheath cells. Bundle sheath cells can then utilize this CO2 to generate carbohydrates by the conventional C3 pathway.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In C3 plants, the first step in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis involves the fixation of CO2 by the enzyme RuBisCO into 3-phosphoglycerate. However, due to the dual carboxylase and oxygenase activity of RuBisCo, some part of the substrate is oxidized rather than carboxylated, resulting in loss of substrate and consumption of energy, in what is known as photorespiration. In order to bypass the photorespiration pathway, C4 plants have developed a mechanism to efficiently deliver CO2 to the RuBisCO enzyme. They utilize their specific leaf anatomy where chloroplasts exist not only in the mesophyll cells in the outer part of",
"short_answers": [
"3-phosphoglycerate"
]
} |
how many countries does cadbury sell its products | [
"more than 50 countries worldwide",
"more than 50"
] | [
{
"title": "Cadbury Ireland",
"text": "Cadbury Ireland Cadbury Ireland is a confectionery company in Ireland based in Coolock in Dublin. It is a subsidiary of Mondelēz International. It exports over 200 of its products to 30 countries worldwide, making a contribution of €110 million of Irish trade. Cadbury ... | {
"title": "Cadbury",
"long_answer": "Cadbury, formerly Cadbury's, is a British multinational confectionery company wholly owned by Mondelez International (originally Kraft Foods) since 2010. It is the second-largest confectionery brand in the world after Wrigley's. Cadbury is internationally headquartered in Uxbridge, West London, and operates in more than 50 countries worldwide. It is famous for its Dairy Milk chocolate, the Creme Egg and Roses selection box, and many other confectionery products. One of the best-known British brands, in 2013 The Daily Telegraph named Cadbury among Britain's most successful exports.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Cadbury, formerly Cadbury's, is a British multinational confectionery company wholly owned by Mondelez International (originally Kraft Foods) since 2010. It is the second-largest confectionery brand in the world after Wrigley's. Cadbury is internationally headquartered in Uxbridge, West London, and operates in more than 50 countries worldwide. It is famous for its Dairy Milk chocolate, the Creme Egg and Roses selection box, and many other confectionery products. One of the best-known British brands, in 2013 The Daily Telegraph named Cadbury among Britain's most successful exports.",
"short_answers": [
"more than 50",
"more than 50 countries worldwide"
]
} |
ethiopia flight 961 crashes in to the sea | [
"23 November 1996"
] | [
{
"title": "Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961",
"text": "on 30 November 1996. The incident has become a well-known hijacking because of the videotape. This was one of very few large airliner water landings, and was the first hijacked water landing. Both the captain and first officer of the flight received aviat... | {
"title": "Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961",
"long_answer": "Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961, a Boeing 767-200ER, was hijacked on 23 November 1996, en route from Addis Ababa to Nairobi on an Addis Ababa–Nairobi–Brazzaville–Lagos–Abidjan service, by three Ethiopians seeking asylum in Australia. The plane crash-landed in the Indian Ocean near Grande Comore, Comoros Islands, due to fuel exhaustion; 125 of the 175 passengers and crew on board died, along with the hijackers. The official accident report stated that four of the survivors were uninjured.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961, a Boeing 767-200ER, was hijacked on 23 November 1996, en route from Addis Ababa to Nairobi on an Addis Ababa–Nairobi–Brazzaville–Lagos–Abidjan service, by three Ethiopians seeking asylum in Australia. The plane crash-landed in the Indian Ocean near Grande Comore, Comoros Islands, due to fuel exhaustion; 125 of the 175 passengers and crew on board died, along with the hijackers. The official accident report stated that four of the survivors were uninjured.",
"short_answers": [
"23 November 1996"
]
} |
who wrote the book my country my life | [
"L. K. Advani"
] | [
{
"title": "My Country My Life",
"text": "in June 2005. About the controversy generated by this visit, he says, ‘I have no regrets.’ Writing in the Hindustan Times, Vir Sanghvi remarks that the book is significant note for what it says, but for what it doesn't. He says, \"Advani’s strengths and weaknesses a... | {
"title": "My Country My Life",
"long_answer": "My Country My Life is an autobiographical book by L. K. Advani, an Indian politician who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of India from 2002 to 2004, and was the Leader of the Opposition in the 15th Lok Sabha. The book was released on 19 March 2008 by Abdul Kalam, the eleventh President of India. The book has 1,040 pages and narrates autobiographical accounts and events in the life of Advani. It became the best seller book in the non-fiction category and Advani joined Archer as a bestseller author. The book website claims the book sold an excess of 1,000,000 copies. The book alongside mentions the event in Indian politics and India's history from 1900 till date.",
"chunked_long_answer": "My Country My Life is an autobiographical book by L. K. Advani, an Indian politician who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of India from 2002 to 2004, and was the Leader of the Opposition in the 15th Lok Sabha. The book was released on 19 March 2008 by Abdul Kalam, the eleventh President of India. The book has 1,040 pages and narrates autobiographical accounts and events in the life of Advani. It became the best seller book in the non-fiction category and Advani joined Archer as a bestseller author. The book website claims the book sold an excess of",
"short_answers": [
"L. K. Advani"
]
} |
when did the east india company take control of india | [
"in 1757",
"1757",
"1799",
"1612"
] | [
{
"title": "Company rule in India",
"text": "Governor-General, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance. By 1818, with the defeat of the Marathas, followed by the pensioning of the Peshwa and the annexation of his territories, British supremacy in India was complete. The East India Compan... | {
"title": "East India Company",
"long_answer": "By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000—twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"chunked_long_answer": "the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000—twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.",
"short_answers": [
"1757",
"in 1757"
]
} |
who is the founder of google and when was it founded | [
"1998",
"Sergey Brin",
"Larry Page",
"Larry Page and Sergey Brin"
] | [
{
"title": "Nivio Ziviani",
"text": "Technologies in 2000, bought by Google in 2005. With Akwan, Google started its R & D Center in Latin America located in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Among his most recent activities, he was co-founder of a start-up called Kunumi, co-founder of the Information Retrieval Resear... | {
"title": "Google",
"long_answer": "Google Inc. is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products. These include online advertising technologies, search, cloud computing, software, and hardware. Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, in California. Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares, and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock. They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. An initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex. In August 2015, Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate called Alphabet Inc. Google, Alphabet's leading subsidiary, will continue to be the umbrella company for Alphabet's Internet interests. Upon completion of the restructure, Sundar Pichai was appointed CEO of Google; he replaced Larry Page, who became CEO of Alphabet.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, in California. Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares, and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock. They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. An initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex. In August 2015, Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate called Alphabet Inc. Google, Alphabet's leading subsidiary, will continue to be the umbrella company for Alphabet's Internet interests. Upon completion of the restructure, Sundar Pichai was appointed CEO of Google; he replaced Larry Page, who became CEO of Alphabet.",
"short_answers": [
"1998",
"Larry Page",
"Larry Page and Sergey Brin",
"Sergey Brin"
]
} |
who did the dominican republic gain its independence from | [
"Haiti"
] | [
{
"title": "Antihaitianismo",
"text": "modern Dominican Republic). During the 1790s and early 19th century, the French and Spanish battled back and forth across the island; by 1809 the Haitian Revolution had resulted in the overthrow of both French and Spanish control. The Spanish briefly retook the eastern... | {
"title": "Dominican War of Independence",
"long_answer": "The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, then known as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, was invaded by Haiti in 1822. Previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, the criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, then known as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, was invaded by Haiti in 1822. Previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, the criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later.",
"short_answers": [
"Haiti"
]
} |
how did early humans make use of stones during the prehistoric period | [
"hunt",
"start fires",
"bury their dead"
] | [
{
"title": "History of technology",
"text": "million years ago. This era of stone tool use is called the \"Paleolithic\", or \"Old stone age\", and spans all of human history up to the development of agriculture approximately 12,000 years ago. To make a stone tool, a \"core\" of hard stone with specific fla... | {
"title": "Prehistoric technology",
"long_answer": "Prehistoric technology is technology that predates recorded history. History is the study of the past using written records. Anything prior to the first written accounts of history is prehistoric, including earlier technologies. About 2.5 million years before writing was developed, technology began with the earliest hominids who used stone tools, which they may have used to start fires, hunt, and bury their dead.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Prehistoric technology is technology that predates recorded history. History is the study of the past using written records. Anything prior to the first written accounts of history is prehistoric, including earlier technologies. About 2.5 million years before writing was developed, technology began with the earliest hominids who used stone tools, which they may have used to start fires, hunt, and bury their dead.",
"short_answers": [
"bury their dead",
"hunt",
"start fires"
]
} |
who wrote the text for jeanie with the light brown hair | [
"Stephen Foster"
] | [
{
"title": "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair (TV series)",
"text": "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair (TV series) The story begins in a small town in Pennsylvania in 1838. Jeanie MacDowell is a cheerful and beautiful girl with light brown hair (although this could be perceived as being blonde hair). Jeanie e... | {
"title": "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair",
"long_answer": "\"Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair\" is a parlor song by Stephen Foster (1826–1864). It was published by Firth, Pond & Co. of New York in 1854. Foster wrote the song with his estranged wife Jane McDowell in mind. The lyrics allude to a permanent separation.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair\" is a parlor song by Stephen Foster (1826–1864). It was published by Firth, Pond & Co. of New York in 1854. Foster wrote the song with his estranged wife Jane McDowell in mind. The lyrics allude to a permanent separation.",
"short_answers": [
"Stephen Foster"
]
} |
where does the bob and tom show broadcast from | [
"WFBQ in Indianapolis, Indiana",
"Indianapolis, Indiana"
] | [
{
"title": "The Bob & Tom Show",
"text": "interviews\" which airs new broadcasts every weekday morning live from 6 to 10 A.M. in the Eastern Time Zone (5–9 A.M. Central) or tape-delayed on affiliated stations in other time zones. There is an additional weekday segment which airs between 10:00 and 10:20 A.M.... | {
"title": "The Bob & Tom Show",
"long_answer": "The Bob & Tom Show is a syndicated US radio program established by Bob Kevoian and Tom Griswold at radio station WFBQ in Indianapolis, Indiana, March 7, 1983, and syndicated nationally since January 6, 1995. Originally syndicated by Premiere Networks, the show moved to Cumulus Media Networks (now Westwood One) at the beginning of 2014.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Bob & Tom Show is a syndicated US radio program established by Bob Kevoian and Tom Griswold at radio station WFBQ in Indianapolis, Indiana, March 7, 1983, and syndicated nationally since January 6, 1995. Originally syndicated by Premiere Networks, the show moved to Cumulus Media Networks (now Westwood One) at the beginning of 2014.",
"short_answers": [
"Indianapolis, Indiana",
"WFBQ in Indianapolis, Indiana"
]
} |
what part of brain is responsible for complex thinking | [
"the frontal lobe"
] | [
{
"title": "Al's Brain",
"text": "many different styles of animation. It starts with a picture of the brain which then starts to move. It shows you that he brain is \"divided into two hemispheres\" and that the left side \"controls your right side and your left controls your right side\" which happen to be ... | {
"title": "Frontal lobe",
"long_answer": "The function of the frontal lobe involves the ability to project future consequences resulting from current actions, the choice between good and bad actions (or better and best) (also known as conscience), the override and suppression of socially unacceptable responses, and the determination of similarities and differences between things or events.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The function of the frontal lobe involves the ability to project future consequences resulting from current actions, the choice between good and bad actions (or better and best) (also known as conscience), the override and suppression of socially unacceptable responses, and the determination of similarities and differences between things or events.",
"short_answers": [
"the frontal lobe"
]
} |
who won the champions league final in 2016 | [
"Real Madrid"
] | [
{
"title": "2018 UEFA Champions League Final",
"text": "by Trent Alexander-Arnold went through a defender's legs and forced a late save by Keylor Navas. Two minutes later, Liverpool forward Mohamed Salah was injured competing for the ball with Sergio Ramos, who had locked Salah's arm resulting in a fall. Du... | {
"title": "2016 UEFA Champions League Final",
"long_answer": "The 2016 UEFA Champions League Final was the final match of the 2015–16 UEFA Champions League, the 61st season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 24th season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League. It was played at the San Siro stadium in Milan, Italy, on 28 May 2016, between Spanish teams Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid, in a repeat of the 2014 final. It was the second time in the tournament's history that both finalists were from the same city. Real Madrid won 5–3 on a penalty shoot-out after a 1–1 draw at the end of extra time, securing a record-extending 11th title in the competition.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 24th season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League. It was played at the San Siro stadium in Milan, Italy, on 28 May 2016, between Spanish teams Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid, in a repeat of the 2014 final. It was the second time in the tournament's history that both finalists were from the same city. Real Madrid won 5–3 on a penalty shoot-out after a 1–1 draw at the end of extra time, securing a record-extending 11th title in the competition.",
"short_answers": [
"Real Madrid"
]
} |
where was the movie strangers prey at night filmed | [
"Covington, Kentucky"
] | [
{
"title": "The Strangers: Prey at Night",
"text": "The Strangers: Prey at Night The Strangers: Prey at Night is a 2018 American slasher film directed by Johannes Roberts and starring Christina Hendricks, Martin Henderson, Bailee Madison and Lewis Pullman. A sequel to the 2008 film \"The Strangers\", it is ... | {
"title": "The Strangers: Prey at Night",
"long_answer": "Filming began in June 2017 in Covington, Kentucky, and concluded on July 10, 2017.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Filming began in June 2017 in Covington, Kentucky, and concluded on July 10, 2017.",
"short_answers": [
"Covington, Kentucky"
]
} |
when was i don't like mondays released | [
"1979",
"21 July 1979"
] | [
{
"title": "I Don't Like Mondays.",
"text": "launched \"IDLMs. CREATIVE DRECTION BY RESTIR EDITION\". They performed at a fashion show of Kansai Yamamoto. In 2015, they did a music direction for the short film called \"THE INDEPENDENTS\" Directed by LESLIE KEE Time 12:34 featuring YOHJI YAMAMOTO 2015 A/W Co... | {
"title": "I Don't Like Mondays",
"long_answer": "\"I Don't Like Mondays\" is a song by Irish band The Boomtown Rats that was a number one single in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks during the summer of 1979, and ranks as the sixth biggest British hit of 1979. Written by Bob Geldof, it was the band's second number one single.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"I Don't Like Mondays\" is a song by Irish band The Boomtown Rats that was a number one single in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks during the summer of 1979, and ranks as the sixth biggest British hit of 1979. Written by Bob Geldof, it was the band's second number one single.",
"short_answers": [
"1979"
]
} |
what does the sun represent on the uruguay flag | [
"the May Revolution of 1810"
] | [
{
"title": "Flag of Uruguay",
"text": "Flag of Uruguay The national flag of Uruguay () is one of the three official flags of Uruguay alongside with the Flag of Artigas and the Flag of the Treinta y Tres. It has a field of nine equal horizontal stripes alternating white and blue. The canton is white, charged... | {
"title": "Flag of Uruguay",
"long_answer": "The horizontal stripes on the flag represent the nine original departments of Uruguay, based on the U.S flag, where the stripes represent the original 13 colonies. The first flag designed in 1828 had 9 light blue stripes; this number was reduced to 4 in 1830 due to visibility problems from distance. The Sun of May represents the May Revolution of 1810; according to the historian Diego Abad de Santillán, the Sun of May is a figurative sun that represents Inti, the sun god of the Inca religion. It also appears in the Flag of Argentina and the Coat of Arms of Bolivia.",
"chunked_long_answer": "stripes on the flag represent the nine original departments of Uruguay, based on the U.S flag, where the stripes represent the original 13 colonies. The first flag designed in 1828 had 9 light blue stripes; this number was reduced to 4 in 1830 due to visibility problems from distance. The Sun of May represents the May Revolution of 1810; according to the historian Diego Abad de Santillán, the Sun of May is a figurative sun that represents Inti, the sun god of the Inca religion. It also appears in the Flag of Argentina and the Coat of Arms of Bolivia.",
"short_answers": [
"the May Revolution of 1810"
]
} |
when did beryl markham fly across the atlantic | [
"September 1936",
"4 September 1936"
] | [
{
"title": "Beryl Markham",
"text": "after her. Beryl Markham Beryl Markham (née Clutterbuck; 26 October 1902 – 3 August 1986) was a British-born Kenyan aviator (one of the first bush pilots), adventurer, racehorse trainer and author. She was the first person to fly solo, non-stop across the Atlantic from e... | {
"title": "Beryl Markham",
"long_answer": "When Markham decided to take on the Atlantic crossing, no female pilot had yet flown non-stop from Europe to New York, and no woman had made the westward flight solo, though several had died trying. Markham hoped to claim both records. On 4 September 1936, she took off from Abingdon, England. After a 20-hour flight, her Vega Gull, The Messenger, suffered fuel starvation due to icing of the fuel tank vents, and she crash-landed at Baleine Cove on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. She became the first person to make it from England to North America non-stop from east to west. She was celebrated as an aviation pioneer.",
"chunked_long_answer": "When Markham decided to take on the Atlantic crossing, no female pilot had yet flown non-stop from Europe to New York, and no woman had made the westward flight solo, though several had died trying. Markham hoped to claim both records. On 4 September 1936, she took off from Abingdon, England. After a 20-hour flight, her Vega Gull, The Messenger, suffered fuel starvation due to icing of the fuel tank vents, and she crash-landed at Baleine Cove on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. She became the first person to make it from England to North America non-stop from east",
"short_answers": [
"4 September 1936",
"September 1936"
]
} |
what does the pearl symbolize in the bible | [
"the Kingdom of Heaven"
] | [
{
"title": "Parable of the Pearl",
"text": "but loss? Has your trust in yourself and your merits Come to naught before Christ and His cross? </poem> A less common interpretation of the parable is that the merchant represents Jesus, and the pearl represents the Christian Church. This interpretation would giv... | {
"title": "Parable of the Pearl",
"long_answer": "The Parable of the Pearl (also called the Pearl of Great Price) is one of the parables of Jesus. It appears in Matthew 13:45-46 and illustrates the great value of the Kingdom of Heaven. It is the penultimate parable in Matthew 13, just before the Parable of the Dragnet.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Parable of the Pearl (also called the Pearl of Great Price) is one of the parables of Jesus. It appears in Matthew 13:45-46 and illustrates the great value of the Kingdom of Heaven. It is the penultimate parable in Matthew 13, just before the Parable of the Dragnet.",
"short_answers": [
"the Kingdom of Heaven"
]
} |
when did the song here comes the boom come out | [
"May 2002",
"May 14, 2002"
] | [
{
"title": "Here Comes the Boom",
"text": "Here Comes the Boom Here Comes the Boom is a 2012 American comedy film directed by Frank Coraci, co-written, produced by and starring Kevin James. It was also written by Allan Loeb and Rock Reuben with music by Rupert Gregson-Williams. The film co-stars Henry Winkl... | {
"title": "Boom (P.O.D. song)",
"long_answer": "\"Boom\" is a song by American rock band P.O.D. It was released in May 2002 as the third single from their second major label studio album Satellite. While it did not chart as well as the album's previous singles, the song has appeared significantly in film and television. \"Boom (The Crystal Method remix)\" was included on the remix album Community Service and as a bonus track on the special edition re-release of Satellite available August 27, 2002. A limited edition, gatefold picture disc of the single was also available in the UK.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Boom\" is a song by American rock band P.O.D. It was released in May 2002 as the third single from their second major label studio album Satellite. While it did not chart as well as the album's previous singles, the song has appeared significantly in film and television. \"Boom (The Crystal Method remix)\" was included on the remix album Community Service and as a bonus track on the special edition re-release of Satellite available August 27, 2002. A limited edition, gatefold picture disc of the single was also available in the UK.",
"short_answers": [
"May 2002"
]
} |
does archie end up with betty or veronica in riverdale | [
"Betty"
] | [
{
"title": "Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty",
"text": "and Veronica begin Lamaze class, which proves to be a slapstick disaster for Archie. One night when Veronica's ill, Jughead fills in for her replete with a pillow under his shirt and hilarity ensues. Despite all of this, Archie promises to ... | {
"title": "Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty",
"long_answer": "\"Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty\" is an American comic book story by writer Michael Uslan and artists Stan Goldberg and Bob Smith that was originally presented in Archie # 600–606. In issues # 600–602, the story features a futuristic look into the life of Riverdale teen Archie Andrews in the years that follow his college graduation when Archie makes his ultimate decision to marry Veronica Lodge instead of Betty Cooper. In Issues # 603–605, the story switches and Archie proposes marriage to Betty instead of to Veronica. Issue #606 serves as the epilogue to the story and ties the previous six issues together.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty\" is an American comic book story by writer Michael Uslan and artists Stan Goldberg and Bob Smith that was originally presented in Archie # 600–606. In issues # 600–602, the story features a futuristic look into the life of Riverdale teen Archie Andrews in the years that follow his college graduation when Archie makes his ultimate decision to marry Veronica Lodge instead of Betty Cooper. In Issues # 603–605, the story switches and Archie proposes marriage to Betty instead of to Veronica. Issue #606 serves as the epilogue to the story and ties the previous",
"short_answers": [
"Betty"
]
} |
who wrote most of the declaration of independance | [
"Thomas Jefferson"
] | [
{
"title": "John Morton (American politician)",
"text": "Franklin and Wilson. When the final vote was taken on July 2, Dickinson and Morris abstained, allowing the Pennsylvania delegation to support the resolution of independence without dissent. Morton signed the Declaration on August 2 with most of the ot... | {
"title": "United States Declaration of Independence",
"long_answer": "Political maneuvering was setting the stage for an official declaration of independence even while a document was being written to explain the decision. On June 11, 1776, Congress appointed a \"Committee of Five\" to draft a declaration, consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, Robert R. Livingston of New York, and Roger Sherman of Connecticut. The committee left no minutes, so there is some uncertainty about how the drafting process proceeded; contradictory accounts were written many years later by Jefferson and Adams, too many years to be regarded as entirely reliable—although their accounts are frequently cited. What is certain is that the committee discussed the general outline which the document should follow and decided that Jefferson would write the first draft. The committee in general, and Jefferson in particular, thought that Adams should write the document, but Adams persuaded the committee to choose Jefferson and promised to consult with him personally. Considering Congress's busy schedule, Jefferson probably had limited time for writing over the next seventeen days, and likely wrote the draft quickly. He then consulted the others and made some changes, and then produced another copy incorporating these alterations. The committee presented this copy to the Congress on June 28, 1776. The title of the document was \"A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress assembled.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "Political maneuvering was setting the stage for an official declaration of independence even while a document was being written to explain the decision. On June 11, 1776, Congress appointed a \"Committee of Five\" to draft a declaration, consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, Robert R. Livingston of New York, and Roger Sherman of Connecticut. The committee left no minutes, so there is some uncertainty about how the drafting process proceeded; contradictory accounts were written many years later by Jefferson and Adams, too many years to be regarded as entirely reliable—although their accounts",
"short_answers": [
"Thomas Jefferson"
]
} |
who does brant daugherty play in pretty little liars | [
"Noel Kahn"
] | [
{
"title": "Brant Daugherty",
"text": "his brother, Adam, and sister, Caitey. Brant's father, David, was an art teacher at Mason Middle School when he died of cancer on February 19, 2009, at age 57. Daugherty attended William Mason High School, where he played football until his sophomore year and later tri... | {
"title": "Brant Daugherty",
"long_answer": "Brant David Daugherty (born August 20, 1985) is an American actor, known for his recurring role as Noel Kahn on the teen drama television series, Pretty Little Liars. In 2013, he had a recurring role as Brian in the long-running NBC daytime drama Days of Our Lives.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Brant David Daugherty (born August 20, 1985) is an American actor, known for his recurring role as Noel Kahn on the teen drama television series, Pretty Little Liars. In 2013, he had a recurring role as Brian in the long-running NBC daytime drama Days of Our Lives.",
"short_answers": [
"Noel Kahn"
]
} |
when did under the cork tree come out | [
"May 3, 2005"
] | [
{
"title": "From Under the Cork Tree",
"text": "the above 5 as well as the music videos for \"Sugar We're Goin Down\" and \"Dance, Dance\". It also contains a live performance of \"Sugar, We're Goin Down\". The limited edition is sometimes sold along with the regular edition under the same name. The album w... | {
"title": "From Under the Cork Tree",
"long_answer": "From Under the Cork Tree is the second studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on May 3, 2005, through Island Records as the band's major label debut. The music was composed by lead vocalist and guitarist Patrick Stump, with all lyrics penned by bassist Pete Wentz, continuing the band's songwriting approach they took for some songs on their prior 2003 effort Take This to Your Grave. Neal Avron handled production duties. Commenting on the record's lyrical themes, Wentz said the lyrics were about \"the anxiety and depression that goes along with looking at your own life.\" In support of their release the group headlined tours worldwide and played at various music festivals. For their Black Clouds and Underdogs tour the album was re-released as From Under the Cork Tree (Limited \"Black Clouds and Underdogs\" Edition), featuring new songs and remixes.",
"chunked_long_answer": "From Under the Cork Tree is the second studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on May 3, 2005, through Island Records as the band's major label debut. The music was composed by lead vocalist and guitarist Patrick Stump, with all lyrics penned by bassist Pete Wentz, continuing the band's songwriting approach they took for some songs on their prior 2003 effort Take This to Your Grave. Neal Avron handled production duties. Commenting on the record's lyrical themes, Wentz said the lyrics were about \"the anxiety and depression that goes along with looking at your",
"short_answers": [
"May 3, 2005"
]
} |
when did korea separate into north and south | [
"1945",
"17 August 1945"
] | [
{
"title": "Korean reunification",
"text": "powers, is likely going to create an economy larger than some of the G7. According to some opinions, a reunited Korea could occur before 2050. If it occurred, Korean reunification would immediately raise the country's population to over 70 million. The division be... | {
"title": "Division of Korea",
"long_answer": "The division of Korea between North and South Korea occurred after World War II, ending the Empire of Japan's 35-year rule over Korea in 1945. The United States and the Soviet Union occupied two parts of the country, with the boundary between their zones of control along the 38th parallel.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The division of Korea between North and South Korea occurred after World War II, ending the Empire of Japan's 35-year rule over Korea in 1945. The United States and the Soviet Union occupied two parts of the country, with the boundary between their zones of control along the 38th parallel.",
"short_answers": [
"1945"
]
} |
who discovered the atom and in what year | [
"early 1800s",
"John Dalton"
] | [
{
"title": "Chemistry: A Volatile History",
"text": "only one – had gained a proton and become a nucleus of oxygen. Rutherford's work gave hope to scientists trying to create new elements, but one final discovery about the atom was necessary. In 1932 the Cambridge scientist James Chadwick discovered the neu... | {
"title": "Atom",
"long_answer": "In the early 1800s, John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). For instance, there are two types of tin oxide: one is 88.1% tin and 11.9% oxygen and the other is 78.7% tin and 21.3% oxygen (tin(II) oxide and tin dioxide respectively). This means that 100g of tin will combine either with 13.5g or 27g of oxygen. 13.5 and 27 form a ratio of 1:2, a ratio of small whole numbers. This common pattern in chemistry suggested to Dalton that elements react in whole number multiples of discrete units—in other words, atoms. In the case of tin oxides, one tin atom will combine with either one or two oxygen atoms.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the early 1800s, John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). For instance, there are two types of tin oxide: one is 88.1% tin and 11.9% oxygen and the other is 78.7% tin and 21.3% oxygen (tin(II) oxide and tin dioxide respectively). This means that 100g of tin will combine either with 13.5g or 27g of oxygen. 13.5 and 27 form a ratio of 1:2, a ratio of small whole numbers. This common pattern in chemistry suggested to Dalton that elements react in",
"short_answers": [
"John Dalton",
"early 1800s"
]
} |
creating appropriation bills falls under which power of congress | [
"raising revenue"
] | [
{
"title": "Appropriation (law)",
"text": "of the following year. The United States Constitution (art. I. § 9) says: \"No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law.\" This places the responsibility and power of deciding appropriations under the jurisdiction of ... | {
"title": "Appropriation bill",
"long_answer": "According to the Origination Clause of the United States Constitution, all bills for raising revenue, generally tax bills, must originate in the House of Representatives, similar to the Westminster system requirement that all money bills originate in the lower house. Traditionally, though, appropriation bills also originate in the House of Representatives. House appropriations bills begin with \"H.R.\", meaning \"House of Representatives\". In reference to revenue bills, the Constitution also states that the \"Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.\" As with revenue bills, the Senate and House each drafts and considers its own appropriation bill. The Senate then \"cuts-and-pastes,\" substituting the language of its version of a particular appropriation bill for the language of the House bill, then agrees to the bill as amended.",
"chunked_long_answer": "According to the Origination Clause of the United States Constitution, all bills for raising revenue, generally tax bills, must originate in the House of Representatives, similar to the Westminster system requirement that all money bills originate in the lower house. Traditionally, though, appropriation bills also originate in the House of Representatives. House appropriations bills begin with \"H.R.\", meaning \"House of Representatives\". In reference to revenue bills, the Constitution also states that the \"Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.\" As with revenue bills, the Senate and House each drafts and considers its own appropriation bill. The",
"short_answers": [
"raising revenue"
]
} |
who sings the song let me love you | [
"DJ Snake featuring Justin Bieber",
"Justin Bieber",
"Singh H Spot"
] | [
{
"title": "Let You Love Me",
"text": "Let You Love Me \"Let You Love Me\" is a song by British singer Rita Ora, released on 21 September 2018 as the fourth single from her second studio album, \"Phoenix\" (2018). A music video was released on the same day. The song reached the top ten in twelve countries, ... | {
"title": "Let Me Love You (DJ Snake song)",
"long_answer": "\"Let Me Love You\" is a song recorded by French electronic music producer DJ Snake, taken as the third single from his debut studio album, Encore (2016). It featured vocals from Canadian singer Justin Bieber and Singh H Spot. The artists co-wrote the song with Andrew Watt, Ali Tamposi, Brian Lee, and Louis Bell, while the song's production was handled by DJ Snake. The song was released on 5 August 2016, through Interscope Records. Its music video was released on November 29, 2016, on YouTube.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Let Me Love You\" is a song recorded by French electronic music producer DJ Snake, taken as the third single from his debut studio album, Encore (2016). It featured vocals from Canadian singer Justin Bieber and Singh H Spot. The artists co-wrote the song with Andrew Watt, Ali Tamposi, Brian Lee, and Louis Bell, while the song's production was handled by DJ Snake. The song was released on 5 August 2016, through Interscope Records. Its music video was released on November 29, 2016, on YouTube.",
"short_answers": [
"Justin Bieber",
"Singh H Spot"
]
} |
how many seasons are there for lost girl | [
"5",
"five"
] | [
{
"title": "Lost Girl (season 1)",
"text": "reads: \"Strong storytelling and intriguing characters help make \"Lost Girl\" a better-than-average supernatural/sci-fi series, even if the special effects leave something to be desired.\" On Metacritic, the season scored 68 out of 100, based on 11 critics, indic... | {
"title": "List of Lost Girl episodes",
"long_answer": "Lost Girl is a Canadian supernatural drama television series that aired on Showcase for five seasons, from September 12, 2010, to October 25, 2015. It follows the life of a bisexual succubus named Bo, played by Anna Silk, as she learns to control her superhuman abilities, help those in need, and discover the truth about her origins.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Lost Girl is a Canadian supernatural drama television series that aired on Showcase for five seasons, from September 12, 2010, to October 25, 2015. It follows the life of a bisexual succubus named Bo, played by Anna Silk, as she learns to control her superhuman abilities, help those in need, and discover the truth about her origins.",
"short_answers": [
"five"
]
} |
where was the first nhl hockey game played | [
"Ottawa",
"Montreal"
] | [
{
"title": "Conception Bay Sports Arena",
"text": "the new rink was played on opening night between the Shearstown Tigers of the Conception Bay North Hockey League and the Guards of the St. John's Senior Hockey League. 1200 spectators watched the first game end in a 3-3 tie. Hockey history was made on April... | {
"title": "1917–18 NHL season",
"long_answer": "The first game of the season, and in league history, featured the visiting Montreal Canadiens defeat the Ottawa Senators 7-4, with Joe Malone scoring five of Montreal's seven goals. On the same night a game featured the unnamed Toronto team versus the Wanderers. Montreal's Dave Ritchie scored the first goal in NHL history and Harry Hyland had four goals (the league's first hat trick) in the Wanderers' 10–9 victory, which would be their only one in the NHL; Player-coach Art Ross earned the league's first penalty. The game in Montreal was played in front of only 700 fans.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The first game of the season, and in league history, featured the visiting Montreal Canadiens defeat the Ottawa Senators 7-4, with Joe Malone scoring five of Montreal's seven goals. On the same night a game featured the unnamed Toronto team versus the Wanderers. Montreal's Dave Ritchie scored the first goal in NHL history and Harry Hyland had four goals (the league's first hat trick) in the Wanderers' 10–9 victory, which would be their only one in the NHL; Player-coach Art Ross earned the league's first penalty. The game in Montreal was played in front of only 700 fans.",
"short_answers": [
"Montreal",
"Ottawa"
]
} |
how many inches is the iphone 5s screen | [
"4 in",
"4-inch screen size"
] | [
{
"title": "IPhone 5",
"text": "only approximately 1.45 times better than the iPhone 4s. Battery life assessments conducted by AnandTech concluded that the battery life is shorter on the iPhone 5 than its predecessor when performing certain tasks, however when performing other tasks the iPhone 5 battery out... | {
"title": "iPhone 5S",
"long_answer": "The iPhone 5S maintains a similar design to the iPhone 5, with a 4 in (10 cm) LCD multi-touch Retina display and a screen resolution of 640×1136 at 326 ppi. Its home button has been updated with a new flat design using a laser-cut sapphire cover surrounded by a metallic ring; the button is no longer concave, nor does it contain the familiar squircle icon seen on previous models. The phone itself is 0.30 in (7.6 mm) thick and weighs 112 grams (4.0 oz). The phone uses an aluminum composite frame. The device is available in three color finishes; \"space-gray\" (replacing black with slate trim on the iPhone 5), white with silver trim, and white with gold trim. The iPhone 5S was the first iPhone to be available in gold color; this decision was influenced by the fact that gold is seen as a popular sign of a luxury product among Chinese customers.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The iPhone 5S maintains a similar design to the iPhone 5, with a 4 in (10 cm) LCD multi-touch Retina display and a screen resolution of 640×1136 at 326 ppi. Its home button has been updated with a new flat design using a laser-cut sapphire cover surrounded by a metallic ring; the button is no longer concave, nor does it contain the familiar squircle icon seen on previous models. The phone itself is 0.30 in (7.6 mm) thick and weighs 112 grams (4.0 oz). The phone uses an aluminum composite frame. The device is available in three color finishes; \"space-gray\"",
"short_answers": [
"4 in"
]
} |
where do the signals for apoptosis come from | [
"from other cells"
] | [
{
"title": "Apoptosis",
"text": "cells by phagocytes occurs in an orderly manner without eliciting an inflammatory response. During apoptosis cellular RNA and DNA are separated from each other and sorted to different apoptotic bodies; separation of RNA is initiated as nucleolar segregation. Many knock-outs ... | {
"title": "Apoptosis",
"long_answer": "Because apoptosis cannot stop once it has begun, it is a highly regulated process. Apoptosis can be initiated through one of two pathways. In the intrinsic pathway the cell kills itself because it senses cell stress, while in the extrinsic pathway the cell kills itself because of signals from other cells. Both pathways induce cell death by activating caspases, which are proteases, or enzymes that degrade proteins. The two pathways both activate initiator caspases, which then activate executioner caspases, which then kill the cell by degrading proteins indiscriminately.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Because apoptosis cannot stop once it has begun, it is a highly regulated process. Apoptosis can be initiated through one of two pathways. In the intrinsic pathway the cell kills itself because it senses cell stress, while in the extrinsic pathway the cell kills itself because of signals from other cells. Both pathways induce cell death by activating caspases, which are proteases, or enzymes that degrade proteins. The two pathways both activate initiator caspases, which then activate executioner caspases, which then kill the cell by degrading proteins indiscriminately.",
"short_answers": [
"from other cells"
]
} |
who made delhi as capital for the first time | [
"the Pandavas"
] | [
{
"title": "Delhi",
"text": "cities have been discovered in Delhi. The first five cities were in the southern part of present-day Delhi. King Anang Pal of the Tomara dynasty founded the city of Lal Kot in AD 736. Prithviraj Chauhan conquered Lal Kot in 1178 and renamed it Qila Rai Pithora. The king Prithvir... | {
"title": "History of Delhi",
"long_answer": "According to Indian folklore, Delhi was the site of the magnificent and opulent Indraprastha, capital of the Pandavas in the Indian epic Mahabharata, founded around 3500 BC. It was, one of the five prasthas or `plains', which included Sonepat, Panipat, Tilpat (near Faridabad), and Baghpat. 16th-century, Persian historian, Firishta, recorded a tradition that Delhi or Dilli was founded by a Raja Dhilu before the Yavana (Greek) invasions. However, it should be noted that the kings then referred to the initial Muslim invaders as Yavanas.",
"chunked_long_answer": "According to Indian folklore, Delhi was the site of the magnificent and opulent Indraprastha, capital of the Pandavas in the Indian epic Mahabharata, founded around 3500 BC. It was, one of the five prasthas or `plains', which included Sonepat, Panipat, Tilpat (near Faridabad), and Baghpat. 16th-century, Persian historian, Firishta, recorded a tradition that Delhi or Dilli was founded by a Raja Dhilu before the Yavana (Greek) invasions. However, it should be noted that the kings then referred to the initial Muslim invaders as Yavanas.",
"short_answers": [
"the Pandavas"
]
} |
what was the first capital city of australia | [
"New South Wales",
"Melbourne",
"Sydney"
] | [
{
"title": "Perth",
"text": "colonists had their first view of the mainland, and Western Australia's founding has since been recognised by a public holiday on the first Monday in June each year. Captain James Stirling, aboard \"Parmelia\", said that Perth was \"as beautiful as anything of this kind I had ev... | {
"title": "List of Australian capital cities",
"long_answer": "There are eight capital cities in Australia, each of which functions as the seat of government for the state or territory in which it is located. Melbourne was the initial capital following the 1901 Federation of Australia. In 1927, the seat of national government was moved to the newly created city of Canberra, which continues to serve as the national capital.",
"chunked_long_answer": "There are eight capital cities in Australia, each of which functions as the seat of government for the state or territory in which it is located. Melbourne was the initial capital following the 1901 Federation of Australia. In 1927, the seat of national government was moved to the newly created city of Canberra, which continues to serve as the national capital.",
"short_answers": [
"Melbourne"
]
} |
who won the womens 2017 ncaa basketball tournament | [
"South Carolina"
] | [
{
"title": "Niya Butts",
"text": "tournament. On May 14, 2016, the University of Kentucky announced that Butts would be returning to the women's basketball program as an assistant coach under head coach Matthew Mitchell. Niya Butts Niya Denise Butts (born January 10, 1978) is an American women’s college bas... | {
"title": "2017 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament",
"long_answer": "The 2017 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament was played from Friday, March 17 to Sunday, April 2, 2017, with the Final Four played at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas on March 31 and April 2. This was the first time that the women's Final Four was played in Dallas and the first time since 2002 that the Final Four games were played on Friday and Sunday, rather than Sunday and Tuesday. South Carolina defeated Mississippi State to win the championship.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The 2017 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament was played from Friday, March 17 to Sunday, April 2, 2017, with the Final Four played at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas on March 31 and April 2. This was the first time that the women's Final Four was played in Dallas and the first time since 2002 that the Final Four games were played on Friday and Sunday, rather than Sunday and Tuesday. South Carolina defeated Mississippi State to win the championship.",
"short_answers": [
"South Carolina"
]
} |
when does canada switch to daylight savings time | [
"the second Sunday of March"
] | [
{
"title": "Daylight saving time in Canada",
"text": "remain on Eastern Standard Time throughout the year. The Kitikmeot Region including Cambridge Bay observes DST but is on Mountain Time. Eureka, Nunavut, a permanent research station on Ellesmere Island, also stays on Eastern Standard Time throughout the ... | {
"title": "Daylight saving time in Canada",
"long_answer": "In regions where daylight saving time is used, it commences on the second Sunday of March, and standard time restarts on the first Sunday in November.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In regions where daylight saving time is used, it commences on the second Sunday of March, and standard time restarts on the first Sunday in November.",
"short_answers": [
"the second Sunday of March"
]
} |
who gave the famous objective co relative theory | [
"T.S. Eliot"
] | [
{
"title": "Robert Nozick",
"text": "objectivity arises through being invariant under various transformations. For instance, space-time is a significant objective fact because an interval involving both temporal and spatial separation is invariant, whereas no simpler interval involving only temporal or only... | {
"title": "Objective correlative",
"long_answer": "The theory of the objective correlative as it relates to literature was largely developed through the writings of the poet and literary critic T.S. Eliot, who is associated with the literary group called the New Critics. Helping define the objective correlative, Eliot's essay \"Hamlet and His Problems\", republished in his book The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism discusses his view of Shakespeare's incomplete development of Hamlet's emotions in the play Hamlet. Eliot uses Lady Macbeth's state of mind as an example of the successful objective correlative : \"The artistic 'inevitability' lies in this complete adequacy of the external to the emotion….\" , as a contrast to Hamlet. According to Eliot, the feelings of Hamlet are not sufficiently supported by the story and the other characters surrounding him. The objective correlative's purpose is to express the character's emotions by showing rather than describing feelings as discussed earlier by Plato and referred to by Peter Barry in his book Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory as \"...perhaps little more than the ancient distinction (first made by Plato) between mimesis and diegesis….\" (28). According to Formalist critics, this action of creating an emotion through external factors and evidence linked together and thus forming an objective correlative should produce an author's detachment from the depicted character and unite the emotion of the literary work. The \"occasion\" of E. Montale is a further form of correlative.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The theory of the objective correlative as it relates to literature was largely developed through the writings of the poet and literary critic T.S. Eliot, who is associated with the literary group called the New Critics. Helping define the objective correlative, Eliot's essay \"Hamlet and His Problems\", republished in his book The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism discusses his view of Shakespeare's incomplete development of Hamlet's emotions in the play Hamlet. Eliot uses Lady Macbeth's state of mind as an example of the successful objective correlative : \"The artistic 'inevitability' lies in this complete adequacy of the external",
"short_answers": [
"T.S. Eliot"
]
} |
what happened to the actor who played frost on rizzoli and isles | [
"committed suicide",
"Lee Thompson Young"
] | [
{
"title": "Rizzoli & Isles",
"text": "Rizzoli & Isles Rizzoli & Isles is a TNT television series starring Angie Harmon as police detective Jane Rizzoli and Sasha Alexander as medical examiner Dr. Maura Isles. The one-hour drama is based on the series of \"Rizzoli & Isles\" novels by Tess Gerritsen. It prem... | {
"title": "Lee Thompson Young",
"long_answer": "On August 19, 2013, Young failed to show up for filming an episode of Rizzoli & Isles. Police were called to do a well-being check on him at his Los Angeles apartment, where he was found dead. His manager stated the actor had committed suicide. Police confirmed the cause of death as a self-inflicted gunshot wound. Young had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, for which he had been taking medication, and had been suffering from depression before his death.",
"chunked_long_answer": "On August 19, 2013, Young failed to show up for filming an episode of Rizzoli & Isles. Police were called to do a well-being check on him at his Los Angeles apartment, where he was found dead. His manager stated the actor had committed suicide. Police confirmed the cause of death as a self-inflicted gunshot wound. Young had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, for which he had been taking medication, and had been suffering from depression before his death.",
"short_answers": [
"committed suicide"
]
} |
which domain of life are humans members of | [
"Eukarya"
] | [
{
"title": "Hugo de Garis",
"text": "therefore would be excellent candidates to carry the torch of science and exploration forward into the rest of the universe. He relates a morally isomorphic scenario in which extraterrestrial intelligences visit the earth three billion years ago and discover two domains ... | {
"title": "Domain (biology)",
"long_answer": "In biological taxonomy, a domain (Latin: regio), also superkingdom or empire, is the highest taxonomic rank of organisms in the three-domain system of taxonomy designed by Carl Woese, an American microbiologist and biophysicist. According to the Woese system, introduced in 1990, the tree of life consists of three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. The first two are all prokaryotic microorganisms, or single-celled organisms whose cells have no nucleus. All life that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and multicellular organisms, is included in the Eukarya. Stefan Luketa in 2012 proposed a five \"dominion\" system, adding two more to the above.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In biological taxonomy, a domain (Latin: regio), also superkingdom or empire, is the highest taxonomic rank of organisms in the three-domain system of taxonomy designed by Carl Woese, an American microbiologist and biophysicist. According to the Woese system, introduced in 1990, the tree of life consists of three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. The first two are all prokaryotic microorganisms, or single-celled organisms whose cells have no nucleus. All life that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and multicellular organisms, is included in the Eukarya. Stefan Luketa in 2012 proposed a five \"dominion\" system, adding two more to the above.",
"short_answers": [
"Eukarya"
]
} |
when is the new jurassic world game coming out | [
"June 12, 2018"
] | [
{
"title": "Jurassic Park",
"text": "2 and PC. \"Jurassic Park: The Game\" is an episodic video game based on the \"Jurassic Park\" franchise, bridging the story of the first two films developed by Telltale Games in a deal with Universal. It was released on November 15, 2011 to a mixed reception, with revie... | {
"title": "Jurassic World Evolution",
"long_answer": "Jurassic World Evolution is an upcoming business simulation video game developed and published by Frontier Developments. The game is based on the 2015 film Jurassic World, and is scheduled for release on June 12, 2018, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Jurassic World Evolution is an upcoming business simulation video game developed and published by Frontier Developments. The game is based on the 2015 film Jurassic World, and is scheduled for release on June 12, 2018, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.",
"short_answers": [
"June 12, 2018"
]
} |
what was the alliance between great britian russia and france known as | [
"The Triple Entente"
] | [
{
"title": "Anglo-French Alliance (1716–1731)",
"text": "Anglo-French Alliance (1716–1731) The Anglo-French Alliance is the name for the alliance between Great Britain and France between 1716 and 1731. It formed part of the stately quadrille in which the Great Powers of Europe repeatedly switched partners t... | {
"title": "Triple Entente",
"long_answer": "The Triple Entente (from French entente [ɑ̃tɑ̃t] \"friendship, understanding, agreement\") refers to the understanding linking the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907. The understanding between the three powers, supplemented by agreements with Japan and Portugal, was a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Triple Entente (from French entente [ɑ̃tɑ̃t] \"friendship, understanding, agreement\") refers to the understanding linking the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907. The understanding between the three powers, supplemented by agreements with Japan and Portugal, was a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.",
"short_answers": [
"The Triple Entente"
]
} |
when was the death penalty reinstated in oregon | [
"1984"
] | [
{
"title": "Capital punishment in Oregon",
"text": "there are 30 inmates on death row. Two people have been executed in Oregon since the reinstatement of capital punishment in 1978. Both waived their appeals and asked that the execution be carried out. Capital punishment in Oregon Capital punishment is a le... | {
"title": "Capital punishment in Oregon",
"long_answer": "In 1984, Measure 6 amended the state constitution to once more make the death penalty legal. Measure 7, a statutory measure passed in the same year, required a separate sentencing hearing before a jury in cases of aggravated murder.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In 1984, Measure 6 amended the state constitution to once more make the death penalty legal. Measure 7, a statutory measure passed in the same year, required a separate sentencing hearing before a jury in cases of aggravated murder.",
"short_answers": [
"1984"
]
} |
what was icq as related to instant messaging | [
"an instant messaging client"
] | [
{
"title": "ICQ",
"text": "the first stand-alone instant messenger and the first online instant messenger service — while real-time chat was not in itself new to the internet (IRC being the most common platform at the time), the concept of a fully centralized service with individual user accounts focused on... | {
"title": "ICQ",
"long_answer": "ICQ is an instant messaging client that was first developed and popularized by the Israeli company Mirabilis in 1996. The name ICQ derives from the English phrase \"I Seek You\". Ownership of ICQ passed from Mirabilis to AOL in 1998, and from AOL to Mail.Ru Group in 2010.",
"chunked_long_answer": "ICQ is an instant messaging client that was first developed and popularized by the Israeli company Mirabilis in 1996. The name ICQ derives from the English phrase \"I Seek You\". Ownership of ICQ passed from Mirabilis to AOL in 1998, and from AOL to Mail.Ru Group in 2010.",
"short_answers": [
"an instant messaging client"
]
} |
chandra and bhaga river meets at the place | [
"Tandi, in Lahaul",
"at Tandi, in Lahaul"
] | [
{
"title": "Chenab River",
"text": "allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty. The river is formed by the confluence of two rivers, Chandra and Bhaga, at Tandi, 8 km southwest of Kyelang, in the Lahaul and Spiti district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The Bhaga river origina... | {
"title": "Rivers in Himachal Pradesh",
"long_answer": "The Chandrabhaga or Chenab (Vedic name Askni), the largest river (in terms of volume of water) is formed after the meeting of two streams namely, Chandra and Bhaga at Tandi, in Lahaul. It flows 122 kilometres (76 mi) and covers an area of 7,500 square kilometres (2,900 sq mi). in Himachal, before entering Kashmir. The Chandra passes through the barren tribal land.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Chandrabhaga or Chenab (Vedic name Askni), the largest river (in terms of volume of water) is formed after the meeting of two streams namely, Chandra and Bhaga at Tandi, in Lahaul. It flows 122 kilometres (76 mi) and covers an area of 7,500 square kilometres (2,900 sq mi). in Himachal, before entering Kashmir. The Chandra passes through the barren tribal land.",
"short_answers": [
"Tandi, in Lahaul",
"at Tandi, in Lahaul"
]
} |
who took part in the american civil war | [
"nationalists of the Union"
] | [
{
"title": "James Dunlavy",
"text": "James Dunlavy Private James Dunlavy (February 4, 1844 to March 6, 1923) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Dunlavy received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for capturing Maj. Gen. John S. Marmaduke at ... | {
"title": "American Civil War",
"long_answer": "The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. As a result of the long-standing controversy over slavery, war broke out in April 1861, when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, shortly after U.S. President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States, who advocated for states' rights to expand slavery.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. As a result of the long-standing controversy over slavery, war broke out in April 1861, when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, shortly after U.S. President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States, who advocated for states' rights to expand slavery.",
"short_answers": [
"nationalists of the Union"
]
} |
when was the national flag of india adopted | [
"15 August 1947",
"22 July 1947"
] | [
{
"title": "Flag of India",
"text": "of India and other laws relating to the national emblems. The original code prohibited use of the flag by private citizens except on national days such as the Independence day and the Republic Day. In 2002, on hearing an appeal from a private citizen, Naveen Jindal, the ... | {
"title": "Flag of India",
"long_answer": "The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of India saffron, white and India green; with the Ashoka Chakra, a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre. It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Republic of India. In India, the term \"tricolour\" (Hindi: तिरंगा, translit. Tiraṅgā) almost always refers to the Indian national flag. The flag is based on the Swaraj flag, a flag of the Indian National Congress designed by Pingali Venkayya.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of India saffron, white and India green; with the Ashoka Chakra, a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre. It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Republic of India. In India, the term \"tricolour\" (Hindi: तिरंगा, translit. Tiraṅgā) almost always refers to the Indian national flag. The flag is based on the Swaraj",
"short_answers": [
"15 August 1947",
"22 July 1947"
]
} |
what was the most important new religious figure of the new kingdom of ancient egypt | [
"Aten"
] | [
{
"title": "Tjetju",
"text": "priest at the pyramid temple of king Pepi I. Therefore he is often dated under the latter king. Others date him to the First Intermediate Period. Tjetju Tjetju was an important Ancient Egyptian official at the end of the Old Kingdom or in the First Intermediate Period. He held ... | {
"title": "New Kingdom of Egypt",
"long_answer": "One of the best-known 18th Dynasty pharaohs is Amenhotep IV, who changed his name to Akhenaten in honor of the Aten, a representation of the Egyptian god, Ra. His exclusive worship of the Aten is often interpreted as history's first instance of monotheism. Akhenaten's wife, Nefertiti, contributed a great deal to his new take on the Egyptian religion. Nefertiti was bold enough to perform rituals to Aten. Akhenaten's religious fervor is cited as the reason why he and his wife were subsequently written out of Egyptian history. Under his reign, in the 14th century BC, Egyptian art flourished under a distinctive style. (See Amarna Period.)",
"chunked_long_answer": "One of the best-known 18th Dynasty pharaohs is Amenhotep IV, who changed his name to Akhenaten in honor of the Aten, a representation of the Egyptian god, Ra. His exclusive worship of the Aten is often interpreted as history's first instance of monotheism. Akhenaten's wife, Nefertiti, contributed a great deal to his new take on the Egyptian religion. Nefertiti was bold enough to perform rituals to Aten. Akhenaten's religious fervor is cited as the reason why he and his wife were subsequently written out of Egyptian history. Under his reign, in the 14th century BC, Egyptian art flourished under a",
"short_answers": [
"Aten"
]
} |
who is often associated with printing the first book using moveable type in germany | [
"Johannes Gutenberg"
] | [
{
"title": "Heinrich Eggestein",
"text": "Heinrich Eggestein Heinrich Eggestein (born around 1415/1420 in Rosheim, Alsace; died 1488 or later; also spelled Eckstein or Eggesteyn) is considered, along with Johannes Mentelin, to be the earliest book printer in Strasbourg and therefore one of the earliest anyw... | {
"title": "Movable type",
"long_answer": "Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz, Germany is acknowledged as the first to invent a metal movable-type printing system in Europe, the printing press. Gutenberg was a goldsmith familiar with techniques of cutting punches for making coins from moulds. Between 1436 and 1450 he developed hardware and techniques for casting letters from matrices using a device called the hand mould. Gutenberg's key invention and contribution to movable-type printing in Europe, the hand mould, was the first practical means of making cheap copies of letterpunches in the vast quantities needed to print complete books, making the movable-type printing process a viable enterprise.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz, Germany is acknowledged as the first to invent a metal movable-type printing system in Europe, the printing press. Gutenberg was a goldsmith familiar with techniques of cutting punches for making coins from moulds. Between 1436 and 1450 he developed hardware and techniques for casting letters from matrices using a device called the hand mould. Gutenberg's key invention and contribution to movable-type printing in Europe, the hand mould, was the first practical means of making cheap copies of letterpunches in the vast quantities needed to print complete books, making the movable-type printing process a viable enterprise.",
"short_answers": [
"Johannes Gutenberg"
]
} |
when does the sa node begin electrical signaling | [
"spontaneously generated",
"spontaneously"
] | [
{
"title": "Cardiac pacemaker",
"text": "out of the cell and pumping (exchanging) potassium into the cell. Restoring these ion concentrations is vital because it enables the cell to reset itself and enables it to repeat the process of spontaneous depolarization leading to activation of an action potential. ... | {
"title": "Electrical conduction system of the heart",
"long_answer": "Under normal conditions, electrical activity is spontaneously generated by the SA node, the cardiac pacemaker. This electrical impulse is propagated throughout the right atrium, and through Bachmann's bundle to the left atrium, stimulating the myocardium of the atria to contract. The conduction of the electrical impulses throughout the atria is seen on the ECG as the P wave.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Under normal conditions, electrical activity is spontaneously generated by the SA node, the cardiac pacemaker. This electrical impulse is propagated throughout the right atrium, and through Bachmann's bundle to the left atrium, stimulating the myocardium of the atria to contract. The conduction of the electrical impulses throughout the atria is seen on the ECG as the P wave.",
"short_answers": [
"spontaneously",
"spontaneously generated"
]
} |
who are the artists in the traveling wilburys | [
"Roy Orbison",
"Jeff Lynne",
"George Harrison",
"Bob Dylan",
"Tom Petty"
] | [
{
"title": "Traveling Wilburys",
"text": "a limited edition fine-bound book titled \"The Traveling Wilburys\". Compiled by Olivia Harrison, the book includes rare photographs, recording notes, handwritten lyrics, sketches, and first-hand commentary on the band's history, together with a foreword by Lynne. P... | {
"title": "Traveling Wilburys",
"long_answer": "The Traveling Wilburys (sometimes shortened to the Wilburys) were a British-American supergroup consisting of Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, and Tom Petty. The band recorded two albums, the first in 1988 and the second in 1990, though Orbison died before the second was recorded.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Traveling Wilburys (sometimes shortened to the Wilburys) were a British-American supergroup consisting of Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, and Tom Petty. The band recorded two albums, the first in 1988 and the second in 1990, though Orbison died before the second was recorded.",
"short_answers": [
"Bob Dylan",
"George Harrison",
"Jeff Lynne",
"Roy Orbison",
"Tom Petty"
]
} |
who is the most played artist on spotify | [
"Justin Bieber",
"Ed Sheeran"
] | [
{
"title": "Spotify",
"text": "Emoji, Basement, Hiptronix, Six Strings and Cyclone (hip-hop, electronic, pop, guitar-driven and experimental music respectively). The playlists spotlight lesser-known musicians and their songs which are listened to by 100,000 randomly chosen users and are talked about on 10 t... | {
"title": "List of most streamed songs on Spotify",
"long_answer": "As of January 2018, Ed Sheeran is the only artist to have 2 singles pass 1 billion streams on Spotify, with \"Shape of You\" and \"Thinking Out Loud\".",
"chunked_long_answer": "As of January 2018, Ed Sheeran is the only artist to have 2 singles pass 1 billion streams on Spotify, with \"Shape of You\" and \"Thinking Out Loud\".",
"short_answers": [
"Ed Sheeran"
]
} |
which term describes the replacement of damaged cells to mend a tissue | [
"Stromal cells"
] | [
{
"title": "Cell damage",
"text": "cell dies the body will remove it and replace it with another functioning cell, or fill the gap with connective tissue to provide structural support for the remaining cells. The motto of the repair process is to fill a gap caused by the damaged cells to regain structural c... | {
"title": "Cell damage",
"long_answer": "When a cell cannot be regenerated the body will replace it with stromal connective tissue to maintain tissue/organ function. Stromal cells are the cells that support the parenchymal cells in any organ. Fibroblasts, immune cells, pericytes, and inflammatory cells are the most common types of stromal cells.",
"chunked_long_answer": "When a cell cannot be regenerated the body will replace it with stromal connective tissue to maintain tissue/organ function. Stromal cells are the cells that support the parenchymal cells in any organ. Fibroblasts, immune cells, pericytes, and inflammatory cells are the most common types of stromal cells.",
"short_answers": [
"Stromal cells"
]
} |
where are haploid cells found in the human body | [
"sperm",
"sperm or egg cells",
"ova"
] | [
{
"title": "HAP1 cells",
"text": "haploidy, HAP1 cells are very useful in biomedical research and genetic experiments. When working in diploid cells, it is difficult to screen for mutations phenotypically, especially when considering recessive mutations. Because there are two copies of each gene, the mutati... | {
"title": "Ploidy",
"long_answer": "The number of chromosomes found in a single complete set of chromosomes is called the monoploid number (x). The haploid number (n) is unique to gametes (sperm or egg cells), and refers to the total number of chromosomes found in a gamete, which under normal conditions is half the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The number of chromosomes found in a single complete set of chromosomes is called the monoploid number (x). The haploid number (n) is unique to gametes (sperm or egg cells), and refers to the total number of chromosomes found in a gamete, which under normal conditions is half the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell.",
"short_answers": [
"sperm or egg cells"
]
} |
form from material that has accumulated on the earths surface | [
"Sedimentary rock"
] | [
{
"title": "Earth",
"text": "Earth is metamorphic rock, which is created from the transformation of pre-existing rock types through high pressures, high temperatures, or both. The most abundant silicate minerals on Earth's surface include quartz, feldspars, amphibole, mica, pyroxene and olivine. Common carb... | {
"title": "Earth",
"long_answer": "The continental crust consists of lower density material such as the igneous rocks granite and andesite. Less common is basalt, a denser volcanic rock that is the primary constituent of the ocean floors. Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment that becomes buried and compacted together. Nearly 75% of the continental surfaces are covered by sedimentary rocks, although they form about 5% of the crust. The third form of rock material found on Earth is metamorphic rock, which is created from the transformation of pre-existing rock types through high pressures, high temperatures, or both. The most abundant silicate minerals on Earth's surface include quartz, feldspars, amphibole, mica, pyroxene and olivine. Common carbonate minerals include calcite (found in limestone) and dolomite.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The continental crust consists of lower density material such as the igneous rocks granite and andesite. Less common is basalt, a denser volcanic rock that is the primary constituent of the ocean floors. Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment that becomes buried and compacted together. Nearly 75% of the continental surfaces are covered by sedimentary rocks, although they form about 5% of the crust. The third form of rock material found on Earth is metamorphic rock, which is created from the transformation of pre-existing rock types through high pressures, high temperatures, or both. The most abundant silicate",
"short_answers": [
"Sedimentary rock"
]
} |
when is the last time the new york giants won the super bowl | [
"(2011"
] | [
{
"title": "New York Giants",
"text": "Super Bowl XLVI against the New England Patriots with a score of 21–17. The winning touchdown was preceded by a 38-yard reception by receiver Mario Manningham. As in Super Bowl XLII, Eli Manning was Super Bowl MVP, defeating the New England Patriots for a second time i... | {
"title": "New York Giants",
"long_answer": "The Giants were one of five teams that joined the NFL in 1925, and is the only one of that group still existing, as well as the league's longest-established team in the Northeastern United States. The team ranks third among all NFL franchises with eight NFL championship titles: four in the pre–Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, 1938, 1956) and four since the advent of the Super Bowl (Super Bowls XXI (1986), XXV (1990), XLII (2007), and XLVI (2011)), along with more championship appearances than any other team, with 19 overall appearances. Their championship tally is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers (13) and Chicago Bears (9). Throughout their history, the Giants have featured 28 Hall of Fame players, including NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP) award winners Mel Hein, Frank Gifford, Y. A. Tittle, and Lawrence Taylor.",
"chunked_long_answer": "is the only one of that group still existing, as well as the league's longest-established team in the Northeastern United States. The team ranks third among all NFL franchises with eight NFL championship titles: four in the pre–Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, 1938, 1956) and four since the advent of the Super Bowl (Super Bowls XXI (1986), XXV (1990), XLII (2007), and XLVI (2011)), along with more championship appearances than any other team, with 19 overall appearances. Their championship tally is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers (13) and Chicago Bears (9). Throughout their history, the Giants have featured",
"short_answers": [
"(2011"
]
} |
nickname given to railroad executives due to shady practices of their businesses | [
"Robber baron",
"Robber Barons"
] | [
{
"title": "George Francis Train",
"text": "been involved for several years, despite the advice of Vanderbilt, who told him it would never work. Forming a finance company called Credit Foncier of America, Train made a fortune from real estate when the transcontinental railway opened up settlement and develo... | {
"title": "Robber baron (industrialist)",
"long_answer": "\"Robber baron\" is a derogatory metaphor of social criticism originally applied to certain late 19th-century American businessmen who used unscrupulous methods to get rich.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Robber baron\" is a derogatory metaphor of social criticism originally applied to certain late 19th-century American businessmen who used unscrupulous methods to get rich.",
"short_answers": [
"Robber baron"
]
} |
who is young george bailey in it's a wonderful life | [
"Robert James Anderson"
] | [
{
"title": "George Bailey (It's a Wonderful Life)",
"text": "George Bailey (It's a Wonderful Life) George Bailey is a fictional character and the protagonist in Frank Capra's 1946 film \"It's a Wonderful Life\". The character is a building and loan banker who sacrifices his dreams in order to help his commu... | {
"title": "Bobby Anderson (actor)",
"long_answer": "Robert James Anderson (March 6, 1933 – June 6, 2008) was an American actor and television producer, most famous for his role as the young George Bailey in It's a Wonderful Life.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Robert James Anderson (March 6, 1933 – June 6, 2008) was an American actor and television producer, most famous for his role as the young George Bailey in It's a Wonderful Life.",
"short_answers": [
"Robert James Anderson"
]
} |
who won the battle of stirling bridge 1297 | [
"Scottish victory",
"William Wallace",
"Andrew Moray"
] | [
{
"title": "Battle of Stirling Bridge",
"text": "because Warenne had overslept. The Scots arrived first and camped on Abbey Craig, which dominated the soft flat ground north of the river. The English force of English, Welsh and Scots knights, bowmen and foot soldiers camped south of the river. Sir Richard L... | {
"title": "Battle of Stirling Bridge",
"long_answer": "The Battle of Stirling Bridge was a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. On 11 September 1297, the forces of Andrew Moray and William Wallace defeated the combined English forces of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, and Hugh de Cressingham near Stirling, on the River Forth.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Battle of Stirling Bridge was a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. On 11 September 1297, the forces of Andrew Moray and William Wallace defeated the combined English forces of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, and Hugh de Cressingham near Stirling, on the River Forth.",
"short_answers": [
"Andrew Moray",
"William Wallace"
]
} |
where is the tablet of the ten commandments | [
"Ark of the Covenant"
] | [
{
"title": "Ten Commandments",
"text": "and referring to the Greek translation (in accusative) , , \"ten words\", found in the Septuagint (or LXX) at Exodus 34:28 and Deuteronomy 10:4. The stone tablets, as opposed to the commandments inscribed on them, are called , \"Lukhot HaBrit\", meaning \"the tablets ... | {
"title": "Tablets of Stone",
"long_answer": "According to the bible, both the first shattered set and the second unbroken set were stored in the Ark of the Covenant (the Aron Habrit in Hebrew).",
"chunked_long_answer": "According to the bible, both the first shattered set and the second unbroken set were stored in the Ark of the Covenant (the Aron Habrit in Hebrew).",
"short_answers": [
"Ark of the Covenant"
]
} |
when did the right to buy scheme start | [
"1980"
] | [
{
"title": "Right to Buy",
"text": "forced to sell, sometimes at many times the original price. Housing charities criticised the lack of investment in affordable housing. Right to Buy The Right to Buy scheme is a policy in the United Kingdom (with the exception of Scotland since 1 August 2016) which gives s... | {
"title": "Right to Buy",
"long_answer": "After Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister in May 1979, the legislation to implement the Right to Buy was passed in the Housing Act 1980. Michael Heseltine, in his role as Secretary of State for the Environment, was in charge of implementing the legislation. Some 6,000,000 people were affected; about one in three actually purchased their housing unit. Heseltine noted that \"no single piece of legislation has enabled the transfer of so much capital wealth from the state to the people\". He said the right to buy had two main objectives: to give people what they wanted, and to reverse the trend of ever-increasing dominance of the state over the life of the individual.",
"chunked_long_answer": "After Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister in May 1979, the legislation to implement the Right to Buy was passed in the Housing Act 1980. Michael Heseltine, in his role as Secretary of State for the Environment, was in charge of implementing the legislation. Some 6,000,000 people were affected; about one in three actually purchased their housing unit. Heseltine noted that \"no single piece of legislation has enabled the transfer of so much capital wealth from the state to the people\". He said the right to buy had two main objectives: to give people what they wanted, and to reverse the",
"short_answers": [
"1980"
]
} |
who issued gold coins for the first time in india | [
"Gupta Empire"
] | [
{
"title": "Vijayanagara coinage",
"text": "Vijayanagara coinage The Vijayanagara Empire from 1336–1646, was situated in Southern India and had a complex currency system that was used after the Empire ceased to exist. The standard unit of coin issued by the Vijayanagara Empire was the gold Pagoda in English... | {
"title": "Coinage of India",
"long_answer": "The Gupta Empire produced large numbers of gold coins depicting the Gupta kings performing various rituals, as well as silver coins clearly influenced by those of the earlier Western Satraps by Chandragupta II.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Gupta Empire produced large numbers of gold coins depicting the Gupta kings performing various rituals, as well as silver coins clearly influenced by those of the earlier Western Satraps by Chandragupta II.",
"short_answers": [
"Gupta Empire"
]
} |
how many players have scored 10000 runs in odi | [
"11",
"eleven"
] | [
{
"title": "Sanath Jayasuriya",
"text": "Africa scored against Australia in March 2006. Sri Lanka won the match by 195 runs. On a personal note the innings was his 4th score of over 150 in ODI cricket and he is currently the only player to do so other than Sachin Tendulkar who has achieved it five times. It... | {
"title": "List of players who have scored 10,000 or more runs in One Day International cricket",
"long_answer": "Scoring over 10,000 runs across a playing career in any format of cricket is considered a significant achievement. In the year 2001, Sachin Tendulkar became the first player to score 10,000 runs in ODIs, while playing a match during the bi-lateral series against Australia at home. In the chase for achieving top scores, West Indies' Desmond Haynes retired as the most prolific run-scorer in One Day Internationals (ODIs), with a total of 8,648 runs in 1994. The record stood for four years until it was broken by India's Mohammed Azharuddin. Azharuddin remained the top-scorer in the format until his compatriot Sachin Tendulkar passed him in October 2000. As of August 2016, eleven players—from six teams that are Full members of the International Cricket Council—have scored more than 10,000 runs in ODIs. Four of these are from Sri Lanka and three from India. The rest are one player each from Pakistan, Australia, West Indies, and South Africa. Bangladesh, England, New Zealand, and Zimbabwe are yet to have a player reach the 10,000-run mark in this format.",
"chunked_long_answer": "a total of 8,648 runs in 1994. The record stood for four years until it was broken by India's Mohammed Azharuddin. Azharuddin remained the top-scorer in the format until his compatriot Sachin Tendulkar passed him in October 2000. As of August 2016, eleven players—from six teams that are Full members of the International Cricket Council—have scored more than 10,000 runs in ODIs. Four of these are from Sri Lanka and three from India. The rest are one player each from Pakistan, Australia, West Indies, and South Africa. Bangladesh, England, New Zealand, and Zimbabwe are yet to have a player reach",
"short_answers": [
"eleven"
]
} |
what do mobile numbers start with in the uk | [
"0"
] | [
{
"title": "Telecommunications in the United Kingdom",
"text": "In addition, companies such as Virgin Mobile UK and Tesco Mobile act as mobile virtual network operators, using the infrastructure of other companies. There is a set numbering plan for phone numbers within the United Kingdom, which is regulated... | {
"title": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom",
"long_answer": "Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code. All mobile telephone numbers have 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code. The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is:\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code. All mobile telephone numbers have 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code. The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is:",
"short_answers": [
"0"
]
} |
who has won the most f1 grand prix | [
"Michael Schumacher"
] | [
{
"title": "Formula One drivers from Germany",
"text": "having by far the most victories. Vettel has wins to date. Ralf Schumacher won six Grands Prix and Heinz-Harald Frentzen won three. Wolfgang von Trips, who became the first German driver to win a Grand Prix, won two races both of which were in 1961. Ni... | {
"title": "List of Formula One Grand Prix winners",
"long_answer": "Michael Schumacher holds the record for the most Grand Prix victories, having won 91 times. Lewis Hamilton is second with 62 wins and Alain Prost is third with 51 wins. Michael Schumacher holds the distinction of having the longest time between his first win and his last. He won his first Grand Prix in 1992 at the Belgian Grand Prix, and his last in 2006 at the Chinese Grand Prix, a span of 14 years, 1 month and 1 day. Riccardo Patrese holds the record for the longest period of time between two race wins–more than six-and-a-half years between the 1983 South African Grand Prix and the 1990 San Marino Grand Prix. Mario Andretti had to wait the longest time between his maiden victory at the 1971 South African Grand Prix and his second win–coming five years, seven months and 18 days later at the 1976 Japanese Grand Prix. Sebastian Vettel holds the record for the most consecutive wins, having won nine Grands Prix in a row from the 2013 Belgian Grand Prix to the 2013 Brazilian Grand Prix. Max Verstappen is the youngest winner of a Grand Prix; he was 18 years and 227 days old when he won the 2016 Spanish Grand Prix. Luigi Fagioli is the oldest winner of a Formula One Grand Prix; he was 53 years and 22 days old when he won the 1951 French Grand Prix.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Michael Schumacher holds the record for the most Grand Prix victories, having won 91 times. Lewis Hamilton is second with 62 wins and Alain Prost is third with 51 wins. Michael Schumacher holds the distinction of having the longest time between his first win and his last. He won his first Grand Prix in 1992 at the Belgian Grand Prix, and his last in 2006 at the Chinese Grand Prix, a span of 14 years, 1 month and 1 day. Riccardo Patrese holds the record for the longest period of time between two race wins–more than six-and-a-half years between the",
"short_answers": [
"Michael Schumacher"
]
} |
who plays meredith quill in guardians of the galaxy 2 | [
"Laura Jane Haddock"
] | [
{
"title": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2",
"text": "had \"big broad jaw, chin, and most importantly the way the laugh lines move[d] and crease[d] as he talk[ed]\", similar to Russell's. Laura Haddock, reprising her role from the first film of Meredith Quill in the sequence, was also slightly de-aged to pl... | {
"title": "Laura Haddock",
"long_answer": "Laura Jane Haddock (born 21 August 1985) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying Kacie Carter in Honest, Lucrezia in Da Vinci's Demons, Meredith Quill in Guardians of the Galaxy and its sequel Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Alison in The Inbetweeners Movie and Viviane Wembly in Transformers: The Last Knight.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Laura Jane Haddock (born 21 August 1985) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying Kacie Carter in Honest, Lucrezia in Da Vinci's Demons, Meredith Quill in Guardians of the Galaxy and its sequel Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Alison in The Inbetweeners Movie and Viviane Wembly in Transformers: The Last Knight.",
"short_answers": [
"Laura Jane Haddock"
]
} |
who is the guy on keeping up with the kardashians | [
"Jonathan Cheban"
] | [
{
"title": "Keeping Up with the Kardashians",
"text": "Keeping Up with the Kardashians Keeping Up with the Kardashians (often abbreviated KUWTK) is an American reality television series that airs on the E! cable network. The show focuses on the personal and professional lives of the Kardashian–Jenner blende... | {
"title": "Jonathan Cheban",
"long_answer": "Jonathan Cheban (born c. 1974) is a reality-television star and entrepreneur. He is noted for his recurring role on the show Keeping Up with the Kardashians and its spinoffs.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Jonathan Cheban (born c. 1974) is a reality-television star and entrepreneur. He is noted for his recurring role on the show Keeping Up with the Kardashians and its spinoffs.",
"short_answers": [
"Jonathan Cheban"
]
} |
locations for the film an englishman who went up a hill | [
"Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant",
"Llansilin in Powys"
] | [
{
"title": "The Englishman who Went up a Hill but Came down a Mountain",
"text": "The Englishman who Went up a Hill but Came down a Mountain The Englishman who Went up a Hill but Came down a Mountain is a 1995 British film with a story by Ifor David Monger and Ivor Monger, written and directed by Christophe... | {
"title": "The Englishman who Went up a Hill but Came down a Mountain",
"long_answer": "The film is based on a story heard by Christopher Monger from his grandfather about the real village of Taff's Well, in the old county of Glamorgan, and its neighbouring Garth Hill. Due to 20th century urbanisation of the area, it was filmed in the more rural Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant and Llansilin in Powys. The Welsh Male Voice Choir used to provide background music throughout the film was, in fact, the London-based Gwalia Male Choir.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The film is based on a story heard by Christopher Monger from his grandfather about the real village of Taff's Well, in the old county of Glamorgan, and its neighbouring Garth Hill. Due to 20th century urbanisation of the area, it was filmed in the more rural Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant and Llansilin in Powys. The Welsh Male Voice Choir used to provide background music throughout the film was, in fact, the London-based Gwalia Male Choir.",
"short_answers": [
"Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant",
"Llansilin in Powys"
]
} |
when did bihar bifurcate from bengal and some parts of chota nagpur merged into bengal | [
"1912"
] | [
{
"title": "Chota Nagpur Tributary States",
"text": "Indian independence in 1947, the rulers of the states all chose to accede to the Dominion of India. Changbhakar, Jashpur, Koriya, Surguja and Udaipur later became part of Madhya Pradesh state, but Gangpur and Bonai part of Orissa state, and Kharsawan and ... | {
"title": "Chota Nagpur Division",
"long_answer": "Chota Nagpur Division became part of the new province of Bihar and Orissa when it was created in 1912. In 1936 the province was split into the separate provinces of Bihar and Orissa, and the princely states were placed under the authority of the Eastern States Agency.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Chota Nagpur Division became part of the new province of Bihar and Orissa when it was created in 1912. In 1936 the province was split into the separate provinces of Bihar and Orissa, and the princely states were placed under the authority of the Eastern States Agency.",
"short_answers": [
"1912"
]
} |
when was the last time mount ruapehu erupted | [
"25 September 2007"
] | [
{
"title": "Mount Taranaki",
"text": "geologically young, having commenced activity approximately 135,000 years ago. The most recent volcanic activity was the production of a lava dome in the crater and its collapse down the side of the mountain in the 1850s or 1860s. Between 1755 and 1800, an eruption sent... | {
"title": "Mount Ruapehu",
"long_answer": "At about 8:20 p.m. on 25 September 2007, a hydrothermal eruption occurred without warning. William Pike, a 22-year-old primary school teacher, had a leg crushed by a rock during the eruption and a rescue operation was mounted to rescue him from the Dome Shelter near the crater. The rock crashed into the Dome Shelter, landed on the man and was too heavy for his companion to lift off.",
"chunked_long_answer": "At about 8:20 p.m. on 25 September 2007, a hydrothermal eruption occurred without warning. William Pike, a 22-year-old primary school teacher, had a leg crushed by a rock during the eruption and a rescue operation was mounted to rescue him from the Dome Shelter near the crater. The rock crashed into the Dome Shelter, landed on the man and was too heavy for his companion to lift off.",
"short_answers": [
"25 September 2007"
]
} |
where was 2017 beauty and the beast filmed | [
"Surrey, United Kingdom"
] | [
{
"title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)",
"text": "in 3D on March 17, 2017. The first official presentation of the film took place at Disney's three-day D23 Expo in August 2015. The world premiere of \"Beauty and the Beast\" took place at Spencer House in London, England on February 23, 2017; and the f... | {
"title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)",
"long_answer": "Principal photography on the film began at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, United Kingdom, on May 18, 2015. Filming with the principal actors concluded on August 21. Six days later, co-producer Jack Morrissey confirmed that the film had officially wrapped production.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography on the film began at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, United Kingdom, on May 18, 2015. Filming with the principal actors concluded on August 21. Six days later, co-producer Jack Morrissey confirmed that the film had officially wrapped production.",
"short_answers": [
"Surrey, United Kingdom"
]
} |
what proposition made the insurance commissioner an elected position | [
"Proposition 103",
"Proposition 103 in 1988"
] | [
{
"title": "California Insurance Commissioner",
"text": "for California Insurance Commissioner. The Insurance Commissioner does not oversee the majority of Health Plans and Health Insurance. HMO Health Plans and PPO Plans offered by Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield of California are overseen by the Califor... | {
"title": "California Insurance Commissioner",
"long_answer": "As a result of the passage of Proposition 103 in 1988, the elected office of the California Insurance Commissioner was created in 1991. Previously, the position was held by a person appointed by the Governor. The Insurance Commissioner oversees the Department of Insurance. Democrat Dave Jones won the November 2, 2010 election for California Insurance Commissioner.",
"chunked_long_answer": "As a result of the passage of Proposition 103 in 1988, the elected office of the California Insurance Commissioner was created in 1991. Previously, the position was held by a person appointed by the Governor. The Insurance Commissioner oversees the Department of Insurance. Democrat Dave Jones won the November 2, 2010 election for California Insurance Commissioner.",
"short_answers": [
"Proposition 103",
"Proposition 103 in 1988"
]
} |
who is the valley of the dolls based on | [
"Dean Martin",
"Judy Garland",
"Ethel Merman",
"Carole Landis"
] | [
{
"title": "Valley of the Dolls (film)",
"text": "Valley of the Dolls (film) Valley of the Dolls is a 1967 American drama film based on the 1966 novel of the same name by Jacqueline Susann. It was directed by Mark Robson, produced by Robson and David Weisbart, and stars Barbara Parkins, Patty Duke, Sharon T... | {
"title": "Valley of the Dolls",
"long_answer": "Valley of the Dolls is widely considered to be a roman a clef, with its characters based on such famous figures as Judy Garland, Carole Landis, Dean Martin, and Ethel Merman. In 1973, after publication of her third novel, Susann said, \"They can keep calling it that [roman a clef]. It'll only make my books sell, I don't care.\" Susann insisted that she began each book with a theme: \"Then I start asking, what kind of a personality? And because I have a good ear, I unconsciously pick up certain people.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "Valley of the Dolls is widely considered to be a roman a clef, with its characters based on such famous figures as Judy Garland, Carole Landis, Dean Martin, and Ethel Merman. In 1973, after publication of her third novel, Susann said, \"They can keep calling it that [roman a clef]. It'll only make my books sell, I don't care.\" Susann insisted that she began each book with a theme: \"Then I start asking, what kind of a personality? And because I have a good ear, I unconsciously pick up certain people.\"",
"short_answers": [
"Carole Landis",
"Dean Martin",
"Ethel Merman",
"Judy Garland"
]
} |
who was the actor who played crocodile dundee | [
"Paul Hogan",
"Paul Hogan, AM"
] | [
{
"title": "Crocodile Dundee",
"text": "Shadie. Linda Kozlowski was imported to play the American reporter; Actors' Equity Australia objected to this but eventually relented. The first scenes were filmed in the small town of McKinlay in Queensland, where the hotel used has original warped and polished hardw... | {
"title": "Paul Hogan",
"long_answer": "Paul Hogan, AM (born 8 October 1939) is an Australian comedian, actor and television presenter. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance as outback adventurer Michael \"Crocodile\" Dundee in Crocodile Dundee (1986), the first in the Dundee film franchise.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Paul Hogan, AM (born 8 October 1939) is an Australian comedian, actor and television presenter. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance as outback adventurer Michael \"Crocodile\" Dundee in Crocodile Dundee (1986), the first in the Dundee film franchise.",
"short_answers": [
"Paul Hogan",
"Paul Hogan, AM"
]
} |
who was the ottoman governor who led egypt in the years following the napoleonic wars | [
"Husrev Pasha",
"Isma'il Pasha and Tewfik Pasha"
] | [
{
"title": "Tahir Pasha (Egypt)",
"text": "Tahir Pasha (Egypt) Tahir Pasha or Thir Pasha (died 29 April 1818) was the Albanian commander of bashi-bazouks under Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha. He rebelled and assumed government of Cairo, becoming the acting Ottoman governor of Egypt on 6 May 1803. He was beheaded ... | {
"title": "Egypt Eyalet",
"long_answer": "Husrev Pasha was the first Ottoman governor of Egypt after the expulsion of the French. The form of government, however, was not the same as that before the French invasion, for the Mamluks were not reinstated. The pasha, and through him the Sultan, repeatedly tried to either ensnare them or to beguile them into submission. These efforts failing, Husrev took the field and a Turkish detachment 7,000 strong was dispatched against the Mamluks to Damanhur—whence they had descended from Upper Egypt—and was defeated by a small force under either al-Alfi or his lieutenant al-Bardisi. Their ammunition and guns fell into the hands of the Mamluks. This led to a long civil war between the Albanians, Mamluks, and Ottomans.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Husrev Pasha was the first Ottoman governor of Egypt after the expulsion of the French. The form of government, however, was not the same as that before the French invasion, for the Mamluks were not reinstated. The pasha, and through him the Sultan, repeatedly tried to either ensnare them or to beguile them into submission. These efforts failing, Husrev took the field and a Turkish detachment 7,000 strong was dispatched against the Mamluks to Damanhur—whence they had descended from Upper Egypt—and was defeated by a small force under either al-Alfi or his lieutenant al-Bardisi. Their ammunition and guns fell into",
"short_answers": [
"Husrev Pasha"
]
} |
what role does the president play in foreign affairs | [
"negotiates treaties with foreign nations"
] | [
{
"title": "United States Department of State",
"text": "the Secretary of State, is the President's principal foreign policy advisor. The Department advances U.S. objectives and interests in the world through its primary role in developing and implementing the President's foreign policy. It also provides an... | {
"title": "Foreign policy of the United States",
"long_answer": "Subject to the advice and consent role of the U.S. Senate, the President of the United States negotiates treaties with foreign nations, but treaties enter into force if ratified by two-thirds of the Senate. The President is also Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces, and as such has broad authority over the armed forces. Both the Secretary of State and ambassadors are appointed by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate. The United States Secretary of State acts similarly to a foreign minister and under Executive leadership is the primary conductor of state-to-state diplomacy.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Subject to the advice and consent role of the U.S. Senate, the President of the United States negotiates treaties with foreign nations, but treaties enter into force if ratified by two-thirds of the Senate. The President is also Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces, and as such has broad authority over the armed forces. Both the Secretary of State and ambassadors are appointed by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate. The United States Secretary of State acts similarly to a foreign minister and under Executive leadership is the primary conductor of state-to-state diplomacy.",
"short_answers": [
"negotiates treaties with foreign nations"
]
} |
who hit 6 sixes in an over in test cricket | [
"Ravi Shastri",
"Garfield Sobers"
] | [
{
"title": "Garfield Sobers",
"text": "31 August 1968, Sobers became the first batsman ever to hit six sixes in a single over of six consecutive balls in first-class cricket. The feat consisted of five clean hits for six and one six where the ball was caught but carried over the boundary by Roger Davis. Sob... | {
"title": "Boundary (cricket)",
"long_answer": "The feat was repeated by Ravi Shastri in January 1985. Playing for Bombay against Baroda at the Wankhede Stadium in Bombay, Shastri hit left-arm spinner Tilak Raj for six sixes in a single over.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The feat was repeated by Ravi Shastri in January 1985. Playing for Bombay against Baroda at the Wankhede Stadium in Bombay, Shastri hit left-arm spinner Tilak Raj for six sixes in a single over.",
"short_answers": [
"Ravi Shastri"
]
} |
how long has it been since eagles went to super bowl | [
"2018"
] | [
{
"title": "History of the Philadelphia Eagles",
"text": "return to the Super Bowl, it appeared the Eagles would have to retool in the 2006 off-season to make another run for the Vince Lombardi Trophy. In 2006, the Eagles started off hot, beating the Houston Texans in Houston 24-10. And they kept the streak... | {
"title": "History of the Philadelphia Eagles",
"long_answer": "The history of the Philadelphia Eagles begins in 1933. In their history, the Eagles have appeared in the Super Bowl three times, losing in their first two appearances but winning the third, in 2018. They won three NFL Championships, the precursor to the Super Bowl, in four appearances.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The history of the Philadelphia Eagles begins in 1933. In their history, the Eagles have appeared in the Super Bowl three times, losing in their first two appearances but winning the third, in 2018. They won three NFL Championships, the precursor to the Super Bowl, in four appearances.",
"short_answers": [
"2018"
]
} |
who did the united states win its independence from | [
"the British Empire",
"Great Britain"
] | [
{
"title": "History of United States foreign policy",
"text": "of defeating Napoleon, while the American armies defeated the Indian alliance that the British had supported, ending the British war goal of establishing a pro-British Indian boundary nation in the Midwest. The British stopped impressing America... | {
"title": "Independence Day (United States)",
"long_answer": "Independence Day, also referred to as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The Continental Congress declared that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America, and were no longer part of the British Empire. The Congress actually voted to declare independence two days earlier, on July 2.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Independence Day, also referred to as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The Continental Congress declared that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America, and were no longer part of the British Empire. The Congress actually voted to declare independence two days earlier, on July 2.",
"short_answers": [
"the British Empire"
]
} |
who won season 8 of america's next top model | [
"Jaslene Gonzalez"
] | [
{
"title": "Jourdan Miller",
"text": "Miller also became the second \"America's Next Top Model\" winner to have also never even appeared in the bottom three. This was preceded by cycle 13 winner Nicole Fox. She is also the second winner of the show to have received a total of six first call-outs after Ann W... | {
"title": "America's Next Top Model (cycle 8)",
"long_answer": "The winner was 20-year-old Jaslene Gonzalez from Chicago, Illinois, who notably had made it to the semi-finals of cycle 7, but was not cast. Gonzalez became the first winner without any bottom two appearance.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The winner was 20-year-old Jaslene Gonzalez from Chicago, Illinois, who notably had made it to the semi-finals of cycle 7, but was not cast. Gonzalez became the first winner without any bottom two appearance.",
"short_answers": [
"Jaslene Gonzalez"
]
} |
who was an early advocate for using scientific methods based on inductive reasoning | [
"Aristotle",
"René Descartes"
] | [
{
"title": "History of logic",
"text": "it into understanding\". This method is known as inductive reasoning, a method which starts from empirical observation and proceeds to lower axioms or propositions; from these lower axioms, more general ones can be induced. For example, in finding the cause of a \"phe... | {
"title": "History of scientific method",
"long_answer": "Some of the most important debates in the history of scientific method center on: rationalism, especially as advocated by René Descartes; inductivism, which rose to particular prominence with Isaac Newton and his followers; and hypothetico-deductivism, which came to the fore in the early 19th century. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a debate over realism vs. antirealism was central to discussions of scientific method as powerful scientific theories extended beyond the realm of the observable, while in the mid-20th century some prominent philosophers argued against any universal rules of science at all.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Some of the most important debates in the history of scientific method center on: rationalism, especially as advocated by René Descartes; inductivism, which rose to particular prominence with Isaac Newton and his followers; and hypothetico-deductivism, which came to the fore in the early 19th century. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a debate over realism vs. antirealism was central to discussions of scientific method as powerful scientific theories extended beyond the realm of the observable, while in the mid-20th century some prominent philosophers argued against any universal rules of science at all.",
"short_answers": [
"René Descartes"
]
} |
the first political society started under british rule in india was | [
"The British Indian Association"
] | [
{
"title": "Politics of India",
"text": "number of political parties. It has been estimated that over 200 parties were formed after India became independent in 1947. Some features of the political parties in India are that the parties are generally woven around their leaders, the leaders are actively playin... | {
"title": "British Indian Association",
"long_answer": "The British Indian Association was established on 31 October 1851. Its formation was a major event of 19th-century India. Its establishment meant Indians had come together and could no longer be ignored. It developed enormous hopes amongst the Indians about their future.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The British Indian Association was established on 31 October 1851. Its formation was a major event of 19th-century India. Its establishment meant Indians had come together and could no longer be ignored. It developed enormous hopes amongst the Indians about their future.",
"short_answers": [
"The British Indian Association"
]
} |
where does the term pop music come from | [
"Britain"
] | [
{
"title": "Pop music",
"text": "Pop music Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid-1950s. The terms \"popular music\" and \"pop music\" are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popu... | {
"title": "Pop music",
"long_answer": "According to the website of The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, called Grove Music Online, the term \"pop music\" \"originated in Britain in the mid-1950s as a description for rock and roll and the new youth music styles that it influenced\". The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pop's \"earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience ... since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the special meaning of non-classical mus[ic], usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, ABBA, etc\". Grove Music Online also states that \"... in the early 1960s, [the term] 'pop music' competed terminologically with beat music [in England], while in the USA its coverage overlapped (as it still does) with that of 'rock and roll'\".",
"chunked_long_answer": "According to the website of The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, called Grove Music Online, the term \"pop music\" \"originated in Britain in the mid-1950s as a description for rock and roll and the new youth music styles that it influenced\". The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pop's \"earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience ... since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the special meaning of non-classical mus[ic], usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, ABBA, etc\". Grove Music Online also states that",
"short_answers": [
"Britain"
]
} |
what is the most famous building in rennes | [
"Parlement de Bretagne",
"The Parlement de Bretagne"
] | [
{
"title": "Rennes",
"text": "botanical garden on 10 hectares of land, built between 1860 and 1867. 17th century promenade \"la Motte à Madame\", and a monumental stairway overlooking the Rue de Paris entrance to the Thabor. The south city centre is a mix of old buildings and 19th and 20th centuries constru... | {
"title": "Rennes",
"long_answer": "The Parlement de Bretagne (Administrative and judicial centre of Brittany, Breton: Breujoù Breizh) is the most famous 17th century building in Rennes. It was rebuilt after a terrible fire in 1994 that may have been caused by a flare fired by a protester during a demonstration. It houses the Rennes Court of Appeal. The plaza around is built on the classical architecture.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Parlement de Bretagne (Administrative and judicial centre of Brittany, Breton: Breujoù Breizh) is the most famous 17th century building in Rennes. It was rebuilt after a terrible fire in 1994 that may have been caused by a flare fired by a protester during a demonstration. It houses the Rennes Court of Appeal. The plaza around is built on the classical architecture.",
"short_answers": [
"Parlement de Bretagne",
"The Parlement de Bretagne"
]
} |
when did equus first appear in fossil record | [
"1820s",
"~3.5 million years old",
"about 3.5 mya"
] | [
{
"title": "Equus (genus)",
"text": "each other both visually and vocally. Human activities have threatened wild equine populations. The word \"equus\" is Latin for \"horse\", and is cognate with the Greek ἵππος (\"hippos\"), \"horse\", and Mycenaean Greek \"i-qo\" /ikkʷos/, the earliest attested variant of... | {
"title": "Evolution of the horse",
"long_answer": "The genus Equus, which includes all extant equines, is believed to have evolved from Dinohippus, via the intermediate form Plesippus. One of the oldest species is Equus simplicidens, described as zebra-like with a donkey-shaped head. The oldest fossil to date is ~3.5 million years old from Idaho, USA. The genus appears to have spread quickly into the Old World, with the similarly aged Equus livenzovensis documented from western Europe and Russia.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The genus Equus, which includes all extant equines, is believed to have evolved from Dinohippus, via the intermediate form Plesippus. One of the oldest species is Equus simplicidens, described as zebra-like with a donkey-shaped head. The oldest fossil to date is ~3.5 million years old from Idaho, USA. The genus appears to have spread quickly into the Old World, with the similarly aged Equus livenzovensis documented from western Europe and Russia.",
"short_answers": [
"~3.5 million years old"
]
} |
where was percy jackson and the olympians filmed | [
"Vancouver",
"Mission, British Columbia"
] | [
{
"title": "Percy Jackson & the Olympians",
"text": "and in the United Kingdom on February 12 and in Australia on February 11. Columbus has stated that he was drawn to directing the Percy Jackson movie because it gave him the \"opportunity to do a movie that we haven't really seen before for this generation... | {
"title": "Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief",
"long_answer": "In June 2004, 20th Century Fox acquired feature film rights to the book. In April 2007, director Chris Columbus was hired to helm the project. Filming began in April 2009 in Vancouver. Portions of the film were shot at the Parthenon in Nashville, Tennessee, that has a full-scale replica of the original Parthenon in Athens. Filming wrapped up on the morning of July 25, 2009, in Mission, British Columbia. Additional exterior scenes were filmed on location in Brooklyn, New York during the first week of August 2009. Digital intermediate work began in San Francisco in November 2009. Christophe Beck composed the score. Columbus has stated that the cast was chosen specifically with sequels in mind. \"I think with Percy Jackson it was a matter of finding the right cast to fit into these roles, sort of the perfect cast for these roles, because hopefully, God willing, we will go on to do other Percy Jackson films and you want the cast to grow with their characters\".",
"chunked_long_answer": "In June 2004, 20th Century Fox acquired feature film rights to the book. In April 2007, director Chris Columbus was hired to helm the project. Filming began in April 2009 in Vancouver. Portions of the film were shot at the Parthenon in Nashville, Tennessee, that has a full-scale replica of the original Parthenon in Athens. Filming wrapped up on the morning of July 25, 2009, in Mission, British Columbia. Additional exterior scenes were filmed on location in Brooklyn, New York during the first week of August 2009. Digital intermediate work began in San Francisco in November 2009. Christophe Beck composed",
"short_answers": [
"Mission, British Columbia",
"Vancouver"
]
} |
sending money home to the native country is an example of | [
"international capital flows",
"remittance"
] | [
{
"title": "Circular migration",
"text": "back remittances. When these remittances are greater than what the migrant would have made in the home country, it is also beneficial. Another example is when the migrants return with new skills, knowledge, and capacities. Lastly, the movement of skilled labor is be... | {
"title": "Remittance",
"long_answer": "A remittance is a transfer of money by a foreign worker to an individual in his or her home country. Money sent home by migrants competes with international aid as one of the largest financial inflows to developing countries. Workers' remittances are a significant part of international capital flows, especially with regard to labour-exporting countries. In 2014, $436 billion went to developing countries, setting a new record. Overall global remittances totaled $582 billion in 2015. Some countries, such as India and China, receive tens of billions of US dollars in remittances each year from their expatriates and diaspora. In 2014, India received an estimated $70 billion and China an estimated $64 billion.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A remittance is a transfer of money by a foreign worker to an individual in his or her home country. Money sent home by migrants competes with international aid as one of the largest financial inflows to developing countries. Workers' remittances are a significant part of international capital flows, especially with regard to labour-exporting countries. In 2014, $436 billion went to developing countries, setting a new record. Overall global remittances totaled $582 billion in 2015. Some countries, such as India and China, receive tens of billions of US dollars in remittances each year from their expatriates and diaspora. In 2014,",
"short_answers": [
"international capital flows",
"remittance"
]
} |
who was charlie writing to in perks of being a wallflower movie | [
"an unknown recipient"
] | [
{
"title": "The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)",
"text": "a screenplay after he got the rights from Chbosky; however, he never finished this screenplay. Hughes was going to use the project as a directorial comeback with more of a black comedy style. He had in mind particular actors while writing the scr... | {
"title": "The Perks of Being a Wallflower",
"long_answer": "The story begins with a quiet, sensitive 15-year-old boy named Charlie writing letters about his life to an unknown recipient. Charlie chooses that person because he said that he heard the person was nice and thought that this person would not be judgmental. He discusses his first year at high school, grappling with two traumatic experiences from his past: the suicide of his only middle-school friend, Michael Dobson, a year before, and the death of his favorite aunt, Helen, during his early childhood.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The story begins with a quiet, sensitive 15-year-old boy named Charlie writing letters about his life to an unknown recipient. Charlie chooses that person because he said that he heard the person was nice and thought that this person would not be judgmental. He discusses his first year at high school, grappling with two traumatic experiences from his past: the suicide of his only middle-school friend, Michael Dobson, a year before, and the death of his favorite aunt, Helen, during his early childhood.",
"short_answers": [
"an unknown recipient"
]
} |
who won the men's single title of australia open on 1 february 2015 | [
"Djokovic",
"Novak Djokovic"
] | [
{
"title": "2015 Australian Open",
"text": "to Australian Open. Remaining wildcard places were filled by Australian internal selection. Men's Singles Women's Singles Men's Doubles Women's Doubles Mixed Doubles The qualifying competition took place in Melbourne Park on 14 – 17 January 2015. Lucky Loser Lucky... | {
"title": "2015 Australian Open – Men's Singles",
"long_answer": "Djokovic went on to win his fifth Australian Open title by defeating Murray once again, 7–6, 6–7, 6–3, 6–0. The defeat saw Murray lose the Australian Open final for the fourth time in his career, becoming the first man in the Open Era to achieve four runner-up finishes in Melbourne.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Djokovic went on to win his fifth Australian Open title by defeating Murray once again, 7–6, 6–7, 6–3, 6–0. The defeat saw Murray lose the Australian Open final for the fourth time in his career, becoming the first man in the Open Era to achieve four runner-up finishes in Melbourne.",
"short_answers": [
"Djokovic"
]
} |
who played mr. willoughby in sense and sensibility | [
"Matthew Gregory Wise"
] | [
{
"title": "Sense and Sensibility (2008 TV series)",
"text": "role of John Willoughby, Brandon's rival for Marianne's affections. Describing his character, Cooper said \"The way I tried to persuade myself he wasn't too bad was that he's a 25-year-old young guy and he genuinely falls in love with Marianne – ... | {
"title": "Greg Wise",
"long_answer": "Matthew Gregory Wise (born 15 May 1966) is an English actor and producer. He has appeared in many British television works, as well as several feature films (notably the role of John Willoughby in Sense and Sensibility).",
"chunked_long_answer": "Matthew Gregory Wise (born 15 May 1966) is an English actor and producer. He has appeared in many British television works, as well as several feature films (notably the role of John Willoughby in Sense and Sensibility).",
"short_answers": [
"Matthew Gregory Wise"
]
} |
when did the soviet union start and end | [
"in Eurasia"
] | [
{
"title": "Contemporary history",
"text": "would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various Western European countries began a containment policy for communism and forged alliances to this end, including NATO. The conflict included defense spending, a conventional and nuclear arms race, and ... | {
"title": "Soviet Union",
"long_answer": "The Soviet Union (Russian: Сове́тский Сою́з, tr. Sovetsky Soyuz, IPA: [sɐˈvʲɛt͡skʲɪj sɐˈjus] ( listen)), officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик, tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, IPA: [sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲɛtskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪsˈtʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪˈspublʲɪk] ( listen)), abbreviated as USSR (Russian: СССР, tr. SSSR), was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. Nominally a union of multiple national Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The Russian nation had constitutionally equal status among the many nations of the union but exerted de facto dominance in various respects. Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata and Novosibirsk. The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. It was a founding permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, as well as a member of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the leading member of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) and the Warsaw Pact.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Soviet Union (Russian: Сове́тский Сою́з, tr. Sovetsky Soyuz, IPA: [sɐˈvʲɛt͡skʲɪj sɐˈjus] ( listen)), officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик, tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, IPA: [sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲɛtskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪsˈtʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪˈspublʲɪk] ( listen)), abbreviated as USSR (Russian: СССР, tr. SSSR), was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. Nominally a union of multiple national Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The Russian",
"short_answers": [
"in Eurasia"
]
} |
who is the character of santa claus based on | [
"Saint Nicholas",
"Father Christmas",
"Sinterklaas",
"Wodan"
] | [
{
"title": "Santa Claus in film",
"text": "Rooney as the voice of Kris, reveals how Santa delivered toys to children despite the fact that the evil Burgermeister Meisterburger had forbidden children to play with them; and the second, \"The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus\" (1985), based on L. Frank Baum'... | {
"title": "Santa Claus",
"long_answer": "Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Father Christmas, or simply Santa, is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts to the homes of well-behaved (\"good\" or \"nice\") children on Christmas Eve (24 December) and the early morning hours of Christmas Day (25 December). The modern Santa Claus grew out of traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas (a fourth-century Greek bishop and gift-giver of Myra), the British figure of Father Christmas and the Dutch figure of Sinterklaas (himself also based on Saint Nicholas). Some maintain Santa Claus also absorbed elements of the Germanic god Wodan, who was associated with the pagan midwinter event of Yule and led the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Father Christmas, or simply Santa, is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts to the homes of well-behaved (\"good\" or \"nice\") children on Christmas Eve (24 December) and the early morning hours of Christmas Day (25 December). The modern Santa Claus grew out of traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas (a fourth-century Greek bishop and gift-giver of Myra), the British figure of Father Christmas and the Dutch figure of Sinterklaas (himself also based on Saint Nicholas). Some maintain Santa Claus also absorbed elements of the Germanic god Wodan, who was associated with the pagan midwinter event of Yule and led the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky.",
"short_answers": [
"Father Christmas",
"Saint Nicholas",
"Sinterklaas",
"Wodan"
]
} |
where was one direction what makes you beautiful filmed | [
"Malibu, California",
"a Malibu, California beach"
] | [
{
"title": "What Makes You Beautiful",
"text": "6 September 2012. As of October 2018, the music video has received 1 billion Vevo and YouTube views. One Direction performed \"What Makes You Beautiful\" for the first time on \"Red or Black?\" on 10 September 2011. The performance started with hosts Ant & Dec... | {
"title": "What Makes You Beautiful",
"long_answer": "The music video for \"What Makes You Beautiful\" was directed by John Urbano. Filmed over two days in July 2011, it premiered on 19 August 2011. On each of the five days preceding the video's premiere, One Direction posted a teaser trailer of the video online. Each teaser showed footage from the video and behind the scenes, and one member of the band announcing how many days were left until the video premiere. The video opens with One Direction spending time on a Malibu, California beach intercut with scenes of them driving an orange campervan. During the second verse, a group of three girls joins the band at the beach; in Styles' bridge solo, he intimately sings to one girl, Madison McMillin, individually. During the final choruses the band and girls are shown sitting around a fire, lighting sparklers and taking photographs. On video sharing website MUZU TV, the video was the fourth most-watched music video of 2011 in the UK. The video won two MTV Video Music Awards for Best Pop Video and Most Share-Worthy Video, and earned the group the award for Best New Artist on 6 September 2012. As of April 2018, the music video has received 940 million Vevo and YouTube views.",
"chunked_long_answer": "the five days preceding the video's premiere, One Direction posted a teaser trailer of the video online. Each teaser showed footage from the video and behind the scenes, and one member of the band announcing how many days were left until the video premiere. The video opens with One Direction spending time on a Malibu, California beach intercut with scenes of them driving an orange campervan. During the second verse, a group of three girls joins the band at the beach; in Styles' bridge solo, he intimately sings to one girl, Madison McMillin, individually. During the final choruses the band",
"short_answers": [
"Malibu, California",
"a Malibu, California beach"
]
} |
when did they start vaccinating for whooping cough | [
"the 1920s",
"the 1940s"
] | [
{
"title": "Vaccine controversies",
"text": "to levels above 90%, and disease incidence declined dramatically. In the vaccination moratorium period that occurred when Sweden suspended vaccination against whooping cough (pertussis) from 1979 to 1996, 60% of the country's children contracted the disease befor... | {
"title": "Pertussis",
"long_answer": "An estimated 16.3 million people worldwide were infected in 2015. Most cases occur in the developing world, and people of all ages may be affected. In 2015, it resulted in 58,700 deaths – down from 138,000 deaths in 1990. Nearly 0.5% of infected children less than one year of age die. Outbreaks of the disease were first described in the 16th century. The bacterium that causes the infection was discovered in 1906. The pertussis vaccine became available in the 1940s.",
"chunked_long_answer": "An estimated 16.3 million people worldwide were infected in 2015. Most cases occur in the developing world, and people of all ages may be affected. In 2015, it resulted in 58,700 deaths – down from 138,000 deaths in 1990. Nearly 0.5% of infected children less than one year of age die. Outbreaks of the disease were first described in the 16th century. The bacterium that causes the infection was discovered in 1906. The pertussis vaccine became available in the 1940s.",
"short_answers": [
"the 1940s"
]
} |
who is the new york state senate majority leader | [
"John J. Flanagan"
] | [
{
"title": "Majority Leader of the New York State Senate",
"text": "Majority Leader of the New York State Senate The Majority Leader of the New York State Senate is elected by the majority of the members of the New York State Senate. The position usually coincides with the title of Temporary President of th... | {
"title": "Majority Leader of the New York State Senate",
"long_answer": "There was a lengthy dispute over the leadership of the Senate during June and July 2009. On June 8, 2009, Democrats Hiram Monserrate and Pedro Espada, Jr., joined the 30 Republican members of the State Senate to attempt to issue a motion to replace current Majority Leader Malcolm Smith with Minority Leader Dean Skelos. Following the precedent of 1913, the temporary presidency and the majority leadership would have been separated again under this scenario. Since the office of Lieutenant Governor fell vacant after Lt. Gov. David Paterson succeeded to the governorship upon Gov. Eliot Spitzer's resignation, the majority leaders (Bruno, Skelos and Smith) have acted as lieutenant governors. The motions put forward on June 8 also sought to select Pedro Espada as Temporary President of the State Senate, which would have installed him as acting lieutenant governor. The Democrats have disputed the legitimacy of the motions put forward on June 8. The New York State Senate has been providing a running update of the legal proceedings since June 11, 2009. The dispute ended July 9, 2009, when Senator Espada announced he would return to the Democratic caucus and take on the position of majority leader, while it was also announced that former majority leader Malcolm Smith had assumed the title of president pro tempore, and John Sampson would serve as Democratic conference leader with the understanding he would assume the presidency at an undetermined future date. Following the 2010 election and the Republican victory in the Senate, Senator Dean Skelos from Long Island served as both Temporary President and Majority Leader, but resigned in May 2015 in the midst of corruption charges. The current majority leader, or president, is John J. Flanagan.",
"chunked_long_answer": "return to the Democratic caucus and take on the position of majority leader, while it was also announced that former majority leader Malcolm Smith had assumed the title of president pro tempore, and John Sampson would serve as Democratic conference leader with the understanding he would assume the presidency at an undetermined future date. Following the 2010 election and the Republican victory in the Senate, Senator Dean Skelos from Long Island served as both Temporary President and Majority Leader, but resigned in May 2015 in the midst of corruption charges. The current majority leader, or president, is John J. Flanagan.",
"short_answers": [
"John J. Flanagan"
]
} |
who created the pieta and also painted the ceiling of the sistine chapel | [
"Michelangelo"
] | [
{
"title": "Pietà (Perugino)",
"text": "Pietà (Perugino) Pietà is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Pietro Perugino, executed around 1483-1493, and housed in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. The work was painted for the church of the convent of San Giusto alle mura together with the \"Agony in the ... | {
"title": "Michelangelo",
"long_answer": "A number of Michelangelo's works of painting, sculpture and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in these fields was prodigious; given the sheer volume of surviving correspondence, sketches and reminiscences, he is the best-documented artist of the 16th century. He sculpted two of his best-known works, the Pietà and David, before the age of thirty. Despite holding a low opinion of painting, he also created two of the most influential frescoes in the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome, and The Last Judgment on its altar wall. His design of the Laurentian Library pioneered Mannerist architecture. At the age of 74, he succeeded Antonio da Sangallo the Younger as the architect of St. Peter's Basilica. He transformed the plan so that the western end was finished to his design, as was the dome, with some modification, after his death.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A number of Michelangelo's works of painting, sculpture and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in these fields was prodigious; given the sheer volume of surviving correspondence, sketches and reminiscences, he is the best-documented artist of the 16th century. He sculpted two of his best-known works, the Pietà and David, before the age of thirty. Despite holding a low opinion of painting, he also created two of the most influential frescoes in the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome, and The Last Judgment on its",
"short_answers": [
"Michelangelo"
]
} |
who played cory's older brother on boy meets world | [
"Will Friedle"
] | [
{
"title": "Ben Savage",
"text": "in an episode of the Fox series \"Bones\". He also guest starred on the Disney Channel series \"Shake It Up\" playing Andy Burns. In November 2012, Savage announced via his Twitter account that he had signed on to the \"Boy Meets World\" spin-off series, \"Girl Meets World\... | {
"title": "List of Boy Meets World characters",
"long_answer": "Eric Randall Matthews (Will Friedle) is the elder brother of Cory, Morgan, and Joshua Matthews. He began the show as a suave, popular young man, who constantly went out on dates. He was originally portrayed as the stereotypical elder brother. Eric's character changed mid-series from preppy elder brother to \"crazy, moronic brother\". During the fourth season, Eric takes a year off from school when he doesn't get into a college of his choice.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Eric Randall Matthews (Will Friedle) is the elder brother of Cory, Morgan, and Joshua Matthews. He began the show as a suave, popular young man, who constantly went out on dates. He was originally portrayed as the stereotypical elder brother. Eric's character changed mid-series from preppy elder brother to \"crazy, moronic brother\". During the fourth season, Eric takes a year off from school when he doesn't get into a college of his choice.",
"short_answers": [
"Will Friedle"
]
} |
who sings i want to be a rockstar | [
"Nickelback",
"Canadian rock band Nickelback",
"Billy Gibbons of ZZ Top"
] | [
{
"title": "I Wanna Rock",
"text": "I Wanna Rock \"I Wanna Rock\" is a song written and composed by Dee Snider and performed by his band Twisted Sister. It was released on the 1984 album \"Stay Hungry\". Like the earlier \"We're Not Gonna Take It\", the video features actor Mark Metcalf, best known as the a... | {
"title": "Rockstar (Nickelback song)",
"long_answer": "\"Rockstar\" is the fifth U.S. single by the Canadian rock band Nickelback from their fifth album, All the Right Reasons (2005). It was initially only released in the United States and Canada, and has since been re-released worldwide. The lyrics feature the pretentious, materialistic desires of a wannabe rockstar, who craves money, cars and women. Spoken-word vocals between each verse are provided by Billy Gibbons of ZZ Top.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Rockstar\" is the fifth U.S. single by the Canadian rock band Nickelback from their fifth album, All the Right Reasons (2005). It was initially only released in the United States and Canada, and has since been re-released worldwide. The lyrics feature the pretentious, materialistic desires of a wannabe rockstar, who craves money, cars and women. Spoken-word vocals between each verse are provided by Billy Gibbons of ZZ Top.",
"short_answers": [
"Billy Gibbons of ZZ Top",
"Canadian rock band Nickelback",
"Nickelback"
]
} |
who did virginia cavaliers lose to in basketball this year | [
"Virginia Tech",
"West Virginia",
"UMBC"
] | [
{
"title": "Heather Burge",
"text": "in the Associated Press Poll and second in the USA Today Coaches Poll at the end of the regular season. In 1993, Virginia lost in the East Region Championship to NCAA runner-up Ohio State. The Lady Cavs lost all four tournament games by a total of only 15 points with the... | {
"title": "2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team",
"long_answer": "ACC Sixth Man of the Year De'Andre Hunter broke his wrist in the ACC Tournament victory, and was announced to be out for the NCAA Tournament two days before it began. The injury led the New York Daily News to change their pick from Virginia winning the national championship to not advancing out of the Sweet Sixteen. UVA entered as the No. 1 overall seed, placed in the South regional, but suffered a historic upset in the first round to UMBC and became the first No. 1 seed to lose to a No. 16 seed since the field expanded to 64 teams in 1985. The first round losses by No. 1 seed Virginia and No. 4 seed Arizona, and second round losses by No. 2 seed Cincinnati and No. 3 seed Tennessee, led to the South Region becoming the first ever to not advance any of its top four seeds to the Sweet Sixteen.",
"chunked_long_answer": "victory, and was announced to be out for the NCAA Tournament two days before it began. The injury led the New York Daily News to change their pick from Virginia winning the national championship to not advancing out of the Sweet Sixteen. UVA entered as the No. 1 overall seed, placed in the South regional, but suffered a historic upset in the first round to UMBC and became the first No. 1 seed to lose to a No. 16 seed since the field expanded to 64 teams in 1985. The first round losses by No. 1 seed Virginia and No.",
"short_answers": [
"UMBC"
]
} |
who was the king of england in 1756 | [
"George II"
] | [
{
"title": "Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany",
"text": "the Duke of York as he became in later life, belonged to the House of Hanover. He was born on 16 August 1763, at St. James's Palace, London. His father was the reigning British monarch, King George III. His mother was Queen Charlotte (née Prin... | {
"title": "George II of Great Britain",
"long_answer": "George II (George Augustus; German: Georg II. August; 30 October / 9 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death.",
"chunked_long_answer": "George II (George Augustus; German: Georg II. August; 30 October / 9 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death.",
"short_answers": [
"George II"
]
} |
what was the full name of the titanic | [
"RMS Titanic"
] | [
{
"title": "MY Titanic",
"text": "is 7338561. The ship was built in 1971 by Hayashikane Shipbuilding & Engineering Co Ltd, Nagasaki as \"Toko Maru\". In 1996, she was sold to Premier Fishing, South Africa and renamed \"Kelso\". In 2009, she was sold to Bill Schlagel of California who intended to convert her... | {
"title": "RMS Titanic",
"long_answer": "RMS Titanic (/taɪˈtænɪk/) was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after it collided with an iceberg during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. There were an estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard the ship, and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history. The RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time it entered service and was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line. The Titanic was built by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast. Thomas Andrews, her architect, died in the disaster.",
"chunked_long_answer": "RMS Titanic (/taɪˈtænɪk/) was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after it collided with an iceberg during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. There were an estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard the ship, and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history. The RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time it entered service and was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line. The Titanic",
"short_answers": [
"RMS Titanic"
]
} |
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