id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
.375_Weatherby_Magnum_20595731 | Summarize the 'Sources' part of '.375 Weatherby Magnum'. | Barnes, Frank C., ed. by John T. Amber. Cartridges of the World. Northfield, IL: DBI Books, 1972. ; Hornady Handbook of Cartridge Reloading, 7th edition, 2007. | [
".375 Weatherby Magnum — Design and Specifications\n\n[[Image:375 Weatherby Magnum02.png|600px|alt=.375 Weatherby Magnum Schematic|.375 Weatherby Magnum dimensions - All dimensions in inches (mm)]] The .375 Weatherby Magnum is an improved version of the .375 H&H Magnum. The parent case is based on the .300 H&H Magn... |
.375/303_Westley_Richards_Accelerated_Express_12961871 | Reconstruct the content about 'Overview' from the article on '.375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express'. | The .375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express was designed by Westley Richards and introduced in 1905, being listed in Westley Richards' catalogues for several years thereafter. In 1909 it was also listed in Charles Lancaster & Co's catalogue and the Webley & Scott trade catalogue of 1914. The cartridge was chambe... | [
".375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express\n\nThe .375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express, also known as the .375/303 Axite, is an obsolete medium bore rifle cartridge.",
".375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express — Overview\n\nThe .375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express was designed by Westle... |
.375/303_Westley_Richards_Accelerated_Express_12961873 | Describe the 'Overview' section of the article about '.375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express'. | The .375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express was a high velocity, rimmed, bottlenecked cartridge. It was loaded with Axite, a new smokeless powder developed by Kynoch and said by them to be "comparatively free from erosion and corrosion effects". The cartridge's power was considered about the same as the .300 H&H ... | [
".375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express\n\nThe .375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express, also known as the .375/303 Axite, is an obsolete medium bore rifle cartridge.",
".375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express — Overview\n\nThe .375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express was designed by Westle... |
.376_Steyr_12986481 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.376 Steyr'. | The .376 Steyr cartridge is a rifle cartridge jointly developed by Hornady and Steyr for use in the Steyr Scout rifle. Introduced in 1999, it is based on the 9.3×64mm Brenneke case, necked up to accept a 0.375 in diameter bullet. The case is also shortened by about 4 mm to fit a standard length rifle action. It was dev... | [
".376 Steyr\n\nThe .376 Steyr cartridge is a rifle cartridge jointly developed by Hornady and Steyr for use in the Steyr Scout rifle. Introduced in 1999, it is based on the 9.3×64mm Brenneke case, necked up to accept a 0.375 in diameter bullet. The case is also shortened by about 4 mm to fit a standard length rifle... |
.376_Steyr_12986482 | What information does the article about '.376 Steyr' provide? | calling it a "Super Scout". After taking a lion at close range with the weapon, he switched to calling that rifle his "Lion Scout". An additional motivation for development of the new cartridge was that authorities in certain areas of the world dictate a minimum caliber of round which may be used in hunting dangerous g... | [
".376 Steyr\n\nThe .376 Steyr cartridge is a rifle cartridge jointly developed by Hornady and Steyr for use in the Steyr Scout rifle. Introduced in 1999, it is based on the 9.3×64mm Brenneke case, necked up to accept a 0.375 in diameter bullet. The case is also shortened by about 4 mm to fit a standard length rifle... |
.376_Steyr_12986483 | Reconstruct the content from the article about '.376 Steyr'. | to call it the .375 Steyr. Cooper said they should instead call it a .376, to avoid confusion with the .375 H&H Magnum. Cooper subsequently referred to the Scout Rifle in .376 Steyr caliber as the "Dragoon" or "Dragoon Scout," this marking being on the one that Steyr sent him. This designation has been dropped, and is ... | [
".376 Steyr\n\nThe .376 Steyr cartridge is a rifle cartridge jointly developed by Hornady and Steyr for use in the Steyr Scout rifle. Introduced in 1999, it is based on the 9.3×64mm Brenneke case, necked up to accept a 0.375 in diameter bullet. The case is also shortened by about 4 mm to fit a standard length rifle... |
.378_Weatherby_Magnum_22930572 | What information does the article about '.378 Weatherby Magnum' provide? | Weatherby in 1953 killed an African elephant with one shot while on safari. However, in using this event as a marketing tool, it was revealed some African countries have a minimum 10.16 mm (.40 caliber) bullet size for hunting dangerous game. Weatherby responded by necking up the .378 to 11.63 mm (.458 caliber) and cal... | [
".378 Weatherby Magnum\n\nWeatherby in 1953 killed an African elephant with one shot while on safari. However, in using this event as a marketing tool, it was revealed some African countries have a minimum 10.16 mm (.40 caliber) bullet size for hunting dangerous game. Weatherby responded by necking up the .378 to 1... |
.378_Weatherby_Magnum_22930573 | Reconstruct the content from the article about '.378 Weatherby Magnum'. | bear. The .378 Weatherby will generate considerable free recoil, an average of 104 J (77 ft·lbf) from a 4.1 kg (9 lb) rifle. This compares to 27 J (20 ft·lbf) from a rifle chambered for .30-06 Springfield or 49 J (36 ft·lbf) for the .375 H&H Magnum. The .378 has been responsible for numerous wildcat cartridges, being n... | [
".378 Weatherby Magnum\n\nWeatherby in 1953 killed an African elephant with one shot while on safari. However, in using this event as a marketing tool, it was revealed some African countries have a minimum 10.16 mm (.40 caliber) bullet size for hunting dangerous game. Weatherby responded by necking up the .378 to 1... |
.378_Weatherby_Magnum_22930571 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.378 Weatherby Magnum'. | The .378 Weatherby Magnum was designed by Roy Weatherby in 1953. It was an original belted magnum design with no parent case, inspired by the .416 Rigby and headspacing of the belted .375 H&H Magnum. The 215 magnum rifle primer was developed by Federal specifically for this round. The cartridge can hold upwards of 7.13... | [
".378 Weatherby Magnum\n\nWeatherby in 1953 killed an African elephant with one shot while on safari. However, in using this event as a marketing tool, it was revealed some African countries have a minimum 10.16 mm (.40 caliber) bullet size for hunting dangerous game. Weatherby responded by necking up the .378 to 1... |
.38_ACP_29211769 | Reconstruct the content about 'History' from the article on '.38 ACP'. | the cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped "9M/M&38" on the barrel, denoting that the barrel was specific... | [
".38 ACP — History\n\nthe cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped \"9M/M&38\" on the barrel, denoting ... |
.38_ACP_29211768 | Reconstruct the content about 'History' from the article on '.38 ACP'. | ft/s. Later U.S. commercial loads in this caliber had factory standard ballistics of a 130-grain bullet at 1040 ft/s from the 4.5 in barrel of the Colt 1903 Pocket Model. With Army Ordnance favoring a return to a .45 caliber sidearm by the time the Colt autos in .38 ACP were introduced, the caliber never gained much po... | [
".38 ACP — History\n\nthe cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped \"9M/M&38\" on the barrel, denoting ... |
.38_ACP_29211766 | Reconstruct the content from the article about '.38 ACP'. | The .38 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol), also known as the .38 Auto or 9x23mmSR, is a semi-rimmed pistol cartridge that was introduced at the turn of the 20th century for the John Browning-designed Colt M1900. It was first used in Colt's Model 1897 prototype, which he did not produce. The metric designation for the round i... | [
".38 ACP — History\n\nthe cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped \"9M/M&38\" on the barrel, denoting ... |
.38_ACP_29211767 | What information does the article about '.38 ACP' provide on 'History'? | Initial loadings of this cartridge were quite powerful. Reported ballistics for the first commercial loads were a 130-grain bullet at 1260 ft/s, and some experimental loads ran as high as 1350 ft/s. However, these ballistics proved too violent for the Colt Model 1900 pistol, and velocities were soon lowered to below 12... | [
".38 ACP — History\n\nthe cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped \"9M/M&38\" on the barrel, denoting ... |
.38_ACP_29211771 | Reconstruct the content about 'Firearms chambered for .38 ACP' from the article on '.38 ACP'. | Colt M1900 ; Colt M1902 ; Colt M1903 Pocket Hammer ; Webley-Fosbery Automatic Revolver ; Webley Automatic Pistol ; M1911 pistol (civilian market) Notable firearms chambered for this cartridge include: | [
".38 ACP — History\n\nthe cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped \"9M/M&38\" on the barrel, denoting ... |
.38_ACP_29211770 | What does the article about '.38 ACP' say regarding '.38 Super'? | .38 Super was introduced in 1929, as a higher pressure loading of the .38 ACP. Even though .38 ACP and .38 Super are the same size, it is dangerous to use the more powerful .38 Super ammunition in a firearm intended for .38 ACP, as firearm damage may result. In the interest of safety, American ammunition companies form... | [
".38 ACP — History\n\nthe cartridges would usually cycle in Spanish surplus pistols like the Astra 400 that were chambered for the 9×23mm Largo, despite the fact that the .38 ACP was semi-rimmed and slightly shorter than the rimless 9mm Largo. Some Astra 400 pistols were stamped \"9M/M&38\" on the barrel, denoting ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113482 | Based on the article about '.38 Long Colt', describe the 'History and usage' section. | the old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the .38 LC was chambered in a number of Colt r... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113481 | Explain what '.38 Long Colt' covers in the 'History and usage' section. | the body, one lodged near the back and the other lodged in subcutaneous tissue. The fourth round went through the right hand and exited through the forearm. As an emergency response to the round's unexpectedly dismal performance, the U.S. Army authorized officers to carry M1873 Colt Single Action Army revolvers, chambe... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113478 | What does the article about '.38 Long Colt' say regarding 'Design and ballistics'? | The .38 Long Colt's predecessor, the .38 Short Colt, used a heeled bullet of 130 gr at a nominal 770 ft/s, producing 165 ft·lbf muzzle energy. The cylindrical "shank" or "bearing surface" of the bullet, just in front of the cartridge case mouth, was .374 or in diameter, the same as the outside diameter of the cartridge... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113480 | What does the article about '.38 Long Colt' say regarding 'History and usage'? | The cartridge's relatively poor ballistics were highlighted during the Philippine–American War of 1899–1902, when reports from U.S. Army officers were received regarding the .38 bullet's inability to stop charges of frenzied Moro juramentados during the Moro Rebellion, even at extremely close ranges. A typical instance... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113479 | What does the article about '.38 Long Colt' say regarding 'Design and ballistics'? | the single-diameter charge hole, resulting in the bullet failing to form a seal as it traveled through the chamber throat. This seal was expected to cause the bullet to expand in the throat and be "swaged down", or reduced again in diameter, as it entered the barrel, but uneven expansion produced poor accuracy. In the ... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113483 | What information does the article about '.38 Long Colt' provide on 'Sources'? | Official U.S. Army description of the original Army Model 1892 revolver, including its .38 Long Colt ammunition. ; Revised U.S. Army description of the M1892 series of revolvers and their .38 Long Colt ammunition. (Note this description has an updated cartridge and higher muzzle velocity, but the other ballistics and t... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_Long_Colt_7113477 | Describe the content of the article about '.38 Long Colt'. | The .38 Long Colt, also known as .38 LC, is a black powder cartridge introduced by Colt's Manufacturing Company in 1875. In 1892, it was adopted as a standard military pistol cartridge by the United States Army for the Colt M1892 revolver. The metric designation for the .38 Long Colt is 9.1×26mm. It is slightly more po... | [
".38 Long Colt — History and usage\n\nthe old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the ... |
.38_S&W_30380455 | Describe the 'Current status' section of the article about '.38 S&W'. | The .380 Mk IIz is still produced by the Ordnance Factory Board in India, for use in revolvers. Commercially, only Ruger makes limited runs of revolvers in this caliber for overseas sales, and only a few companies still manufacture ammunition. The majority that do offer it in only a 145 gr lead round nose bullet, thoug... | [
".38 S&W — Current status\n\nThe .380 Mk IIz is still produced by the Ordnance Factory Board in India, for use in revolvers. Commercially, only Ruger makes limited runs of revolvers in this caliber for overseas sales, and only a few companies still manufacture ammunition. The majority that do offer it in only a... |
.38_S&W_30380454 | What does the article about '.38 S&W' say regarding 'Variants'? | The .38 Colt New Police was Colt's Manufacturing Company's proprietary name for what was essentially the .38 S&W with a flat-nosed bullet. The U.S. .38 S&W Super Police cartridge was nearly identical to the British .38/200 Mk I, using a 200 gr lead alloy bullet with a muzzle velocity of 630 ft/s and a muzzle energy of ... | [
".38 S&W — Current status\n\nThe .380 Mk IIz is still produced by the Ordnance Factory Board in India, for use in revolvers. Commercially, only Ruger makes limited runs of revolvers in this caliber for overseas sales, and only a few companies still manufacture ammunition. The majority that do offer it in only a... |
.38_S&W_30380452 | Reconstruct the content about 'History' from the article on '.38 S&W'. | g) bullet. In tests performed on cadavers and live animals, it was found that the lead bullet, being overly long and heavy for its calibre, become unstable after penetrating the target, somewhat increasing target effect. The relatively low velocity allowed all of the energy of the cartridge to be spent inside the human... | [
".38 S&W — Current status\n\nThe .380 Mk IIz is still produced by the Ordnance Factory Board in India, for use in revolvers. Commercially, only Ruger makes limited runs of revolvers in this caliber for overseas sales, and only a few companies still manufacture ammunition. The majority that do offer it in only a... |
.38_S&W_30380450 | Reconstruct the content from the article about '.38 S&W'. | The .38 S&W, also commonly known as .38 S&W Short (it is sometimes referred to as .38 S&W Short to differentiate it from .38 Long Colt and .38 Special), 9×20mmR, or .38/200, is a revolver cartridge developed by Smith & Wesson in 1877. Versions of the cartridge were the standard revolver cartridges of the British milita... | [
".38 S&W — Current status\n\nThe .380 Mk IIz is still produced by the Ordnance Factory Board in India, for use in revolvers. Commercially, only Ruger makes limited runs of revolvers in this caliber for overseas sales, and only a few companies still manufacture ammunition. The majority that do offer it in only a... |
.38_S&W_30380451 | Describe the 'History' section of the article about '.38 S&W'. | The round was first introduced in 1877 for use in the S&W .38 Single Action. After World War I, the British military sought to replace pre-war revolvers with easier to handle weapons. Webley demonstrated a lighter version of their Mk III revolver with modified .38 S&W ammunition, firing a heavy 200 gr bullet. It receiv... | [
".38 S&W — Current status\n\nThe .380 Mk IIz is still produced by the Ordnance Factory Board in India, for use in revolvers. Commercially, only Ruger makes limited runs of revolvers in this caliber for overseas sales, and only a few companies still manufacture ammunition. The majority that do offer it in only a... |
.38_Special_16570832 | Based on the article about '.38 Special', describe the 'History' section. | The FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Originally labeled "For Law Enfo... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570827 | Summarize the 'History' part of '.38 Special'. | Ball M41, a military variant of the .38 Special cartridge designed to conform to the rules of land warfare. The original .38 M41 ball cartridge used a 130-grain full-metal-jacketed bullet, and was loaded to an average pressure of only 13000 psi, giving a muzzle velocity of approximately 725 ft/s from a 4 in barrel. Thi... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570821 | From the article on '.38 Special', restate the 'Overview' content. | the .38 Special round and revolvers chambered for it have a unique versatility. However, the longer and more powerful .357 Magnum cartridge will usually not chamber and fire in weapons rated specifically for .38 Special (e.g., all versions of the Smith & Wesson Model 10), which are not designed for the greatly increase... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570836 | From the article on '.38 Special', restate the 'Handloading' content. | The .38 Special is particularly popular among handloaders. The cartridge's straight walls, headspacing on the rim, ready availability of previously-fired cases, and ability to be fired in .357 Magnum firearms, all contribute to this popularity. Additionally, the .38 Special's heritage as a black powder cartridge gives ... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570825 | What does the article about '.38 Special' say regarding 'History'? | penetrate auto bodies and body armor. That same year, Colt Firearms announced that their Colt Official Police would also handle 'high-speed' .38 Special loadings. The .38/44 high-speed cartridge came in three bullet weights: 158 gr, 150 gr, and 110 gr, with either coated lead or steel jacket, metal-piercing bullets. Th... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570830 | Based on the article about '.38 Special', describe the 'History' section. | PGU-12/B had a greatly increased maximum allowable pressure rating of 20,000 psi, sufficient to propel a 130-grain FMJ bullet at 1125 ft/s from a solid 6 in test barrel, and about 950–1,000 ft/s from a 4 in revolver barrel. The PGU-12/B High Velocity cartridge differs from M41 Special ammunition in two important respec... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570835 | Describe the 'Terminal performance and expansion' section of the article about '.38 Special'. | There are many companies that manufacture .38 Special ammunition. It can range from light target loads to more powerful defensive ammunition. Because of the relatively low pressure that the .38 Special cartridge and even its more powerful +P version can be loaded to, most 38 Special bullets do not expand reliably, even... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570833 | What information does the article about '.38 Special' provide on 'Performance'? | Due to its black-powder heritage, the .38 Special is a low-pressure cartridge, one of the lowest in common use today at 17,500 psi. By modern standards, the .38 Special fires a medium-sized bullet at rather low speeds. In the case of target loads, a 148 gr bullet is propelled to only 690 ft/s. The closest comparisons a... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570819 | Describe the 'Overview' section of the article about '.38 Special'. | The .38 Special was designed and entered production in 1898 as an improvement over the .38 Long Colt which, as a military service cartridge, was found to have inadequate stopping power against the charges of Filipino Muslim warriors during the Philippine–American War. Upon its introduction, the .38 Special was original... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570826 | Based on the article about '.38 Special', describe the 'History' section. | the event of a forced landing. In May 1943, a new .38 Special cartridge with a 158 gr, full-steel-jacketed, copper flash-coated bullet meeting the requirements of the rules of land warfare was developed at Springfield Armory and adopted for the Smith & Wesson revolvers. The new military .38 Special loading propelled it... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570822 | Explain what '.38 Special' covers in the 'History' section. | The .38 Special was designed and produced in 1898 to be a higher velocity round, with better penetration properties than the .38 Long Colt that was in Government Service in the Philippines during the Spanish–American War. The .38 Long Colt revolver round would not penetrate the insurgent Philippine Morro warrior shield... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570824 | What information does the article about '.38 Special' provide on 'History'? | also tested the same 200 gr bullet in the smaller .38 S&W cartridge. This cartridge was called the .38 S&W Super Police or the .38/200. Britain would later adopt the .38/200 as its standard military handgun cartridge. In 1930, Smith & Wesson introduced a large frame .38 Special revolver with a 5-inch barrel and fixed s... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570823 | Describe the 'History' section of the article about '.38 Special'. | and in response to demands for a more effective law enforcement version of the cartridge, a new standard-velocity loading for the .38 Special was developed by Western Cartridge Company. This .38 Special variant incorporated a 200 gr round-nosed lead 'Lubaloy' bullet, the .38 Super Police. Remington-Peters also introduc... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570828 | From the article on '.38 Special', restate the 'History' content. | M41 had been adopted for U.S. armed forces using .38 Special caliber handguns. The new M41 Special cartridge used a 130-grain FMJ bullet loaded to a maximum allowable pressure of 16000 psi for a velocity of approximately 950 ft/s in a solid 6 in test barrel, and about 750 ft/s from a 4 in revolver barrel. The M41 ball ... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570818 | What information does the article about '.38 Special' provide? | The .38 Special, also commonly known as .38 S&W Special (not to be confused with .38 S&W), .38 Smith & Wesson Special, .38 Spl, .38 Spc, (pronounced "thirty-eight special"), or 9x29mmR is a rimmed, centerfire cartridge designed by Smith & Wesson. The .38 Special is most commonly used in revolvers, but also finds use in... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570820 | What information does the article about '.38 Special' provide on 'Overview'? | cartridge, the .38 Short Colt, was designed for use in converted .36-caliber cap-and-ball Navy revolvers, which had untapered cylindrical firing chambers of approximately 0.374 in diameter that required heeled bullets, the exposed portion of which was the same diameter as the cartridge case. Except for case length, the... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570834 | Summarize the 'Performance' part of '.38 Special'. | cartridge can attain even higher energies than that, especially when fired from longer barrels, produce energies in the range of the 9mm Parabellum. These loads are generally not recommended for older revolvers or ones not specifically "+P" rated. All of the above specifications for .38 loadings, and the .357 Magnum, a... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Special_16570831 | What does the article about '.38 Special' say regarding 'History'? | CUP) loadings of the .38 Special cartridge, known as .38 Special +P (+P or +P+ designation indicates that the cartridge is using higher pressures, therefore it is overpressure ammunition). In 1972, the Federal Bureau of Investigation introduced a new .38 +P loading that became known as the "FBI Load". The FBI Load comb... | [
".38 Special — History\n\nThe FBI Load was later adopted by the Chicago Police Department and numerous other law enforcement agencies. Demand for a .38 cartridge with even greater performance for law enforcement led to the introduction of the +P+ .38 Special cartridge, first introduced by Federal and Winchester. Or... |
.38_Super_9460787 | Summarize the 'Usage' part of '.38 Super'. | the Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of a 9mm Parabellum. Apart f... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460777 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.38 Super'. | The 38 Super, also known as 38 Superauto, 38 Super Auto, or 9×23mmSR, is a pistol cartridge that fires a 0.356 in bullet. It was introduced in the late 1920s as a higher pressure loading of the 38 ACP, also known as 38 Auto. The older 38 ACP cartridge propels a 130 gr bullet at 1050 ft/s, whereas the 38 Super pushes th... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460780 | Describe the 'Design' section of the article about '.38 Super'. | the Super as 38 Super +P. Since the 38 Super is dimensionally the same as the 38 ACP, an unsafe condition can be caused by firing 38 Super cartridges in a firearm designed for the much lower pressure 38 ACP. The weakness, in the Colt M1900, Colt M1902, and others derived from that design, comes from the assembly wedge ... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460786 | Based on the article about '.38 Super', describe the 'Usage' section. | began in the early 1980s, when Robbie Leatham and Brian Enos began experimenting with, and competing with, 38 Super pistols in IPSC. At the time, single-stack 1911s in .45 ACP were dominant. Their 38 Super pistols held one or two more rounds simply due to the smaller case diameter. However, the biggest advantage was th... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460790 | From the article on '.38 Super', restate the 'Synonyms' content. | .38 Colt Super Automatic ; .38 Super Auto ; .38 Super ACP ; .38 Super +P ; Super 38 ; 9×23mmSR +P | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460783 | Based on the article about '.38 Super', describe the 'Performance' section. | Because of its larger case volume, which allows for more smokeless powder and results in higher muzzle velocities at similar pressure levels, the 38 Super offers higher bullet velocity potential than the 9×19mm Parabellum when handloaded and in some defense loadings. The 9×19mm Parabellum is however approved for higher... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460784 | Summarize the 'Muzzle velocity' part of '.38 Super'. | 115 Gr (7.5 g) full metal jacket: 1405 ft/s ; 124 Gr (8.0 g) full metal jacket: 1350 ft/s Cor-Bon/Glaser offers the 38 Super +P in several full-power self-defense–style loads with advertised velocities such as 115 gr 1425 ft/s and 125 gr 1350 ft/s. Tests with ammunition besides Cor-Bon/Glaser increases velocity by bet... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460778 | Explain what '.38 Super' covers in the 'Design' section. | The cartridge was designed for use in the M1911 pistol and was capable of penetrating automobile bodies of the late 1920s. When the .357 Magnum was introduced in 1935, this advantage of the 38 Super was no longer enough to lure police departments and officers from the traditional double-action revolver. The 38 Super re... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460779 | What does the article about '.38 Super' say regarding 'Design'? | As a result of this, observed accuracy of the 38 Super suffered until Irv Stone of Bar-Sto barrels re-designed the chamber to allow headspacing on the case mouth. Since then, all new production 38 Super pistols headspace on the case mouth, as with other cartridges in this class. The semi-rimmed case is known to cause f... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460785 | Explain what '.38 Super' covers in the 'Usage' section. | The 38 Super has made a comeback in IPSC and USPSA sports shooting raceguns, particularly when equipped with a compensator, because it exceeds the power factor threshold to be considered a "major" charge, while having much more manageable recoil than .45 ACP. Part of the felt recoil reduction is due to the use of light... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460781 | What information does the article about '.38 Super' provide on 'Cartridge dimensions'? | The 38 Super has 17.6 grains H2O (1.14 ml) cartridge case capacity. The common rifling twist rate for this cartridge is 1 in 16 in (406 mm), 6 grooves, ø lands = .346 in, ø grooves = .355 in, land width =.12 mm and the primer type is small pistol. Both the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) ... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460789 | What does the article about '.38 Super' say regarding 'Usage'? | velocities exceeding 1400 ft/s. This is impressive from a semi-automatic pistol and is comparable to the .357 SIG. Ammunition is also being manufactured in the modern hollowpoint style bullet with excellent ballistics for personal defence. A standard single-stack magazine in a 1911-style semi-automatic pistol holds nin... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_Super_9460788 | Reconstruct the content about 'Usage' from the article on '.38 Super'. | "Colt Commander". When Colt switched the inventory's supply of the model from the Series-70s to the Series-80s, the model fell into lesser demand. A small number of .45 ACP submachine guns were also made in 38 Super, such as the Ingram Model 6 and Thompson submachine gun. A machine pistol variant of the M1911 chambered... | [
".38 Super — Usage\n\nthe Open Division in IPSC and USPSA. The other divisions there do not permit their use, and the International Defensive Pistol Association (IDPA) does not permit them at all. Lacking a compensator, a 38 Super, running at major, has felt recoil much like that of a .45 ACP, and more than that of... |
.38_caliber_20552089 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.38 caliber'. | .38 caliber is a frequently used name for the caliber of firearms and firearm cartridges. The .38 is considered a large firearm cartridge; anything larger than .32 is considered a large caliber. Before 1990, the standard sidearms of police in the United States were revolvers that fired the .38 Special cartridge, second... | [
".38 caliber\n\n.38 caliber is a frequently used name for the caliber of firearms and firearm cartridges. The .38 is considered a large firearm cartridge; anything larger than .32 is considered a large caliber. Before 1990, the standard sidearms of police in the United States were revolvers that fired the .38 Speci... |
.38_caliber_20552091 | Reconstruct the content about 'Handgun cartridge table' from the article on '.38 caliber'. | Semi-rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38 Super|| .358 in || .900 in || 1.280 in || Semi-rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38 Super Comp|| .358 in || .896 in || 1.280 in || Rimless || Starline cartridge dimensions ; .38 S&W|| .361 in || .780 in || 1.200 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .380 Revolver Short|| .375 in ... | [
".38 caliber\n\n.38 caliber is a frequently used name for the caliber of firearms and firearm cartridges. The .38 is considered a large firearm cartridge; anything larger than .32 is considered a large caliber. Before 1990, the standard sidearms of police in the United States were revolvers that fired the .38 Speci... |
.38_caliber_20552092 | What information does the article about '.38 caliber' provide on 'Handgun cartridge table'? | in || 1.300 in || 1.590 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 92 ; } .38 Super|| .358 in || .900 in || 1.280 in || Semi-rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38 Super Comp|| .358 in || .896 in || 1.280 in || Rimless || Starline cartridge dimensions ; .38 S&W|| .361 in || .780 in || 1.200 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .380... | [
".38 caliber\n\n.38 caliber is a frequently used name for the caliber of firearms and firearm cartridges. The .38 is considered a large firearm cartridge; anything larger than .32 is considered a large caliber. Before 1990, the standard sidearms of police in the United States were revolvers that fired the .38 Speci... |
.38_caliber_20552093 | Describe the 'Handgun cartridge table' section of the article about '.38 caliber'. | Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38-40 Winchester|| .401 in || 1.300 in || 1.590 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 92 ; } .380 Revolver Long|| .375 in || 1.000 in || 1.400 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38-40 Winchester|| .401 in || 1.300 in || 1.590 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 92 ; } .38-40 Winchester|| .401... | [
".38 caliber\n\n.38 caliber is a frequently used name for the caliber of firearms and firearm cartridges. The .38 is considered a large firearm cartridge; anything larger than .32 is considered a large caliber. Before 1990, the standard sidearms of police in the United States were revolvers that fired the .38 Speci... |
.38_caliber_20552090 | Based on the article about '.38 caliber', describe the 'Handgun cartridge table' section. | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left" .380 ACP|| .356 in || .680 in || .980 in || Rimless || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38 Casull|| .356 in || .933 in || – || Rimless || ; .38 Short Colt|| .357 in || .762 in || 1.052 in || Rimmed || Barnes 1997, p. 274 ; .38 Long Colt|| .357 in || 1.030 in || 1.320 in || Ri... | [
".38 caliber\n\n.38 caliber is a frequently used name for the caliber of firearms and firearm cartridges. The .38 is considered a large firearm cartridge; anything larger than .32 is considered a large caliber. Before 1990, the standard sidearms of police in the United States were revolvers that fired the .38 Speci... |
.38_rimfire_6430717 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.38 rimfire'. | .38 rimfire cartridges are a type of ammunition that have been in service in the United States since the mid-nineteenth century. The cartridges are produced in short, long and extra long variants. Much like the smaller .32 rimfire, the rounds were originally manufactured loaded with black powder. In the early 1900s, ma... | [
".38 rimfire\n\n.38 rimfire cartridges are a type of ammunition that have been in service in the United States since the mid-nineteenth century. The cartridges are produced in short, long and extra long variants. Much like the smaller .32 rimfire, the rounds were originally manufactured loaded with black powder. In... |
.38_rimfire_6430719 | Describe the 'Uses and variants' section of the article about '.38 rimfire'. | The .38 rimfire cartridge was available in short, long, extra long, and also shotshells. Most of the revolvers and rifle which were produced were chambered for either .38 short rifle, or .38 long rifle. While there were a few different rifles produced for the .38 extra long cartridge and a few rolling block, falling bl... | [
".38 rimfire\n\n.38 rimfire cartridges are a type of ammunition that have been in service in the United States since the mid-nineteenth century. The cartridges are produced in short, long and extra long variants. Much like the smaller .32 rimfire, the rounds were originally manufactured loaded with black powder. In... |
.38_rimfire_6430718 | From the article on '.38 rimfire', restate the 'History' content. | The .38 rimfire cartridge was a common round for many antique revolvers and rifles from the 1870s to the early 1900s. It was a common self-defense round for a small revolver that was often kept in a vest pocket through the 1890s. Production in the United States of rimfire calibers larger than .22 ceased upon the countr... | [
".38 rimfire\n\n.38 rimfire cartridges are a type of ammunition that have been in service in the United States since the mid-nineteenth century. The cartridges are produced in short, long and extra long variants. Much like the smaller .32 rimfire, the rounds were originally manufactured loaded with black powder. In... |
.38/.45_Clerke_31209510 | From the article on '.38/.45 Clerke', restate the 'History and design' content. | It is essentially a .45 ACP case, necked down to .357, resulting in a cartridge similar in form to the earlier 7.65×21mm Parabellum and 7.63×25mm Mauser cartridges. It was created to be a low recoil target cartridge that would function reliably with multiple bullet types, FMJ to cast lead wadcutters without the feeding... | [
".38/.45 Clerke — History and design\n\nIt is essentially a .45 ACP case, necked down to .357, resulting in a cartridge similar in form to the earlier 7.65×21mm Parabellum and 7.63×25mm Mauser cartridges. It was created to be a low recoil target cartridge that would function reliably with multiple bullet types, FMJ... |
.38/.45_Clerke_31209509 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.38/.45 Clerke'. | The .38/.45 Clerke (pronounced "clark"), aka .38/.45 Auto Pistol or .45/.38 Auto Pistol is a wildcat semi-automatic pistol cartridge developed by Bo Clerke and introduced in Guns & Ammo in 1963. | [
".38/.45 Clerke — History and design\n\nIt is essentially a .45 ACP case, necked down to .357, resulting in a cartridge similar in form to the earlier 7.65×21mm Parabellum and 7.63×25mm Mauser cartridges. It was created to be a low recoil target cartridge that would function reliably with multiple bullet types, FMJ... |
.38/.45_Clerke_31209511 | Reconstruct the content about 'Ammunition and reloading' from the article on '.38/.45 Clerke'. | .45 ACP cases can be resized to handload .38/.45 Auto cartridges using form and sizer dies still available from the RCBS Corporation, p/n 56468. Nearly any M1911 pistol and pistols of the same pattern can be converted to the .38/.45 cartridge with a replacement barrel, from a 38 Super barrel reamed out to .38/.45 dimen... | [
".38/.45 Clerke — History and design\n\nIt is essentially a .45 ACP case, necked down to .357, resulting in a cartridge similar in form to the earlier 7.65×21mm Parabellum and 7.63×25mm Mauser cartridges. It was created to be a low recoil target cartridge that would function reliably with multiple bullet types, FMJ... |
.380_ACP_29109895 | Describe the 'Performance' section of the article about '.380 ACP'. | Expansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relatively short range and less stopp... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109893 | Explain what '.380 ACP' covers in the 'Users' section. | Walther PPK were very popular with German officers. The Italian Army used the Beretta M1934, but the Italian Air Force and Navy stuck with the 7.65mm/.32 ACP when they adopted the Beretta M1935. While .380 ACP was considered to be a moderately powerful service pistol round before World War II when compared to the .32 A... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109892 | Summarize the 'Users' part of '.380 ACP'. | The .380 ACP has experienced very widespread use in the years since its introduction (1908 United States and 1912 Europe). It was later adopted by the armies of at least five European nations as their standard pistol cartridge before World War II; Czechoslovakia (Vz.38), Hungary (FEMARU 37M), and Italy, all of whom use... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109894 | Based on the article about '.380 ACP', describe the 'Users' section. | handguns began to replace it in this market as well. It does find some use as a backup gun due to the generally small and easily concealable size of the weapons that chambered it (very few "mini pistols" are made in calibers larger than .380 ACP, and those few that are, are recent developments), and is popular on the c... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109890 | Explain what '.380 ACP' covers in the 'Design' section. | of the round, due to the round's relatively low bolt thrust. Blowback operation also permits the barrel to be permanently fixed to the frame, which promotes accuracy, unlike a traditional short recoil-operation pistol, which requires a tilting barrel to unlock the slide and barrel assembly when cycling. A drawback of t... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109889 | Describe the 'Design' section of the article about '.380 ACP'. | The .380 ACP cartridge was derived from Browning's earlier .38 ACP design, which was only marginally more powerful. The .380 ACP was designed to be truly rimless, and headspaces on the case mouth instead of the rim for better accuracy. These relatively low-powered designs were intended for blowback pistols which lacked... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109888 | Describe the content of the article about '.380 ACP'. | The .380 ACP (9×17mm) (Automatic Colt Pistol) is a rimless, straight-walled pistol cartridge developed by firearms designer John Moses Browning. The cartridge headspaces on the mouth of the case. It was introduced in 1908 by Colt, for use in its new Colt Model 1908 pocket hammerless semi-automatic, and has been a popul... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.380_ACP_29109891 | Based on the article about '.380 ACP', describe the 'Design' section. | will be heavier than an equivalent recoil-operated weapon. Blowback weapons can be made in calibers larger than .380 ACP, but the required weight of the slide and strength of the spring makes this an unpopular option. Although the low power of the .380 ACP does not require a locking mechanism, there have been a number ... | [
".380 ACP — Performance\n\nExpansion — expanded bullet diameter (ballistic gelatin). ; Penetration — penetration depth (ballistic gelatin). ; PC — permanent cavity volume (ballistic gelatin, FBI method). ; TSC — temporary stretch cavity volume (ballistic gelatin). The .380 ACP is compact and light, but has a relati... |
.3ds_32324471 | What does the article about '.3ds' say regarding 'Structure'? | 3ds is a binary file format. The format is based in chunks, where each section of data is embedded in a block that contains a chunk identifier and the length of the data (to provide the location of the next main block), as well as the data itself. This allows parsers to skip chunks they don't recognize, and allows for ... | [
".3ds — Structure\n\n3ds is a binary file format. The format is based in chunks, where each section of data is embedded in a block that contains a chunk identifier and the length of the data (to provide the location of the next main block), as well as the data itself. This allows parsers to skip chunks they don't r... |
.3ds_32324472 | Summarize the 'Shortcomings' part of '.3ds'. | All meshes must be made of triangles. ; All texture filenames are limited to the 8.3 DOS format. ; The number of vertices and polygons per mesh is limited to 65536. ; Accurate vertex normals cannot be stored in the .3ds file. Instead "smoothing groups" are used so that the receiving program can recreate a (hopefully go... | [
".3ds — Structure\n\n3ds is a binary file format. The format is based in chunks, where each section of data is embedded in a block that contains a chunk identifier and the length of the data (to provide the location of the next main block), as well as the data itself. This allows parsers to skip chunks they don't r... |
.3ds_32324470 | Reconstruct the content from the article about '.3ds'. | 3DS is one of the file formats used by the Autodesk 3ds Max 3D modeling, animation and rendering software. It was the native file format of the old Autodesk 3D Studio DOS (releases 1 to 4), which was popular until its successor (3D Studio MAX 1.0) replaced it in April 1996. Having been around since 1990 (when the first... | [
".3ds — Structure\n\n3ds is a binary file format. The format is based in chunks, where each section of data is embedded in a block that contains a chunk identifier and the length of the data (to provide the location of the next main block), as well as the data itself. This allows parsers to skip chunks they don't r... |
.40_S&W_28857563 | From the article on '.40 S&W', restate the 'History' content. | a short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted by several law enforcement ag... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857559 | Describe the 'History' section of the article about '.40 S&W'. | In the aftermath of the 1986 FBI Miami shootout, in which two FBI special agents were killed and five wounded, the FBI started the process of testing 9×19mm Parabellum and .45 ACP ammunition in preparation to replace its standard-issue revolver with a semi-automatic pistol. The semi-automatic pistol offered two advanta... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857560 | Summarize the 'History' part of '.40 S&W'. | load. The FBI developed a series of practically oriented tests involving eight test events that they believed reasonably represented the kinds of situations that FBI agents commonly encountered in shooting incidents. During tests of the 9×19mm and .45 ACP ammunition, the FBI Firearms Training Unit's special agent-in-ch... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857564 | Reconstruct the content about 'History' from the article on '.40 S&W'. | regardless of caliber. Several U.S. states, and a number of local governments, also banned or regulated so-called "high capacity" magazines. As a result, many new firearm buyers limited to purchasing pistols with a maximum magazine capacity of 10 rounds chose pistols in the .40 S&W chambering instead of smaller-diamete... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857572 | What information does the article about '.40 S&W' provide on 'Synonyms'? | .40 caliber ; .40 Auto ; 10×22mm ; 10mm Kurz (A moniker based on the .40 S&W being a "shorter version" of the 10mm Auto, similar to how the .380 ACP is shorter and lower powered but otherwise similar to the 9mm Parabellum and is also known as 9mm Kurz or 9mm short.) | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857569 | From the article on '.40 S&W', restate the 'Performance' content. | the 9mm Parabellum, the .40 S&W is commonly used in law enforcement applications in keeping with its origin with the FBI. Select U.S. special operations units have available the .40 S&W and .45 ACP for their pistols. The United States Coast Guard, having dual duties as maritime law enforcement and military deployments,... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857570 | Based on the article about '.40 S&W', describe the 'Performance' section. | and as heavy as 200 gr. Cor-Bon and Winchester both offer a 135 gr JHP and Cor-Bon also offers a 140 gr Barnes XPB hollow-point. Double Tap Ammo, based in Cedar City, Utah, loads a 135 gr Nosler JHP, a 155 gr, 165 gr and 180 gr Speer Gold Dot hollow-point (marketed as "Bonded Defense"), a 180 gr Hornady XTP JHP, and th... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857558 | Summarize the following section from the article on '.40 S&W'. | The .40 S&W is a rimless pistol cartridge developed jointly by major American firearms manufacturers Smith & Wesson and Winchester. The .40 S&W was developed from the ground up as a law enforcement cartridge designed to duplicate performance of the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) reduced-velocity 10mm Auto cart... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857566 | Reconstruct the content about 'Cartridge dimensions' from the article on '.40 S&W'. | The .40 S&W has 1.25 ml (19.3 grains H2O) cartridge case capacity. The common rifling twist rate for this cartridge is 406 mm, 6 grooves, ∅ lands = 9.91 ;mm, ∅ grooves = 10.17 mm, land width = 3.05 mm and the primer type is small pistol. According to the official C.I.P. guidelines, the .40 S&W case can handle up to 22... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857567 | Explain what '.40 S&W' covers in the 'Performance' section. | The .40 S&W cartridge has been popular with law enforcement agencies in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Brazil. While possessing nearly identical accuracy, drift and drop as the 9mm Parabellum, it also has an energy advantage over the 9mm Parabellum and .45 ACP, and with a more manageable recoil than the 10mm... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857562 | Based on the article about '.40 S&W', describe the 'History' section. | teamed with Winchester to produce a new cartridge, the .40 S&W. It uses a small pistol primer whereas the 10mm cartridge uses a large pistol primer. The .40 S&W cartridge debuted January 17, 1990, along with the new Smith & Wesson Model 4006 pistol, although it was several months before the pistols were available for p... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857568 | Summarize the 'Performance' part of '.40 S&W'. | S&W earned status as "the ideal cartridge for personal defense and law enforcement". Ballistically the .40 S&W is almost identical to the .38-40 Winchester introduced in 1874, as they share the same bullet diameter and bullet weight, and have similar muzzle velocities. The energy of the .40 S&W exceeds standard-pressur... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857565 | Reconstruct the content about 'History' from the article on '.40 S&W'. | Smith & Wesson cartridge will headspace on the extractor and the bullet will jump a 0.142 in freebore just like a .38 Special fired from a .357 Magnum revolver. If the cartridge is not held by the extractor, the chances for a ruptured primer are great. Smith & Wesson does make a double-action revolver (the Model 610) t... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857571 | What does the article about '.40 S&W' say regarding 'Case failure reports'? | The .40 S&W has been noted in a number of cartridge case failures, particularly in older Glock pistols due to the relatively large area of unsupported case head in those barrels, given its high working pressure. The feed ramp on the Glock .40 S&W pistols is larger than on other Glocks, which leaves the rear bottom of t... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_S&W_28857561 | From the article on '.40 S&W', restate the 'History' content. | & Wesson and requested it to design a handgun to FBI specifications, based on the existing large-frame Smith & Wesson Model 4506 .45 ACP handgun, that would reliably function with the FBI's reduced-velocity 10 mm ammunition. During this collaboration with the FBI, S&W realized that downsizing the 10mm full power to mee... | [
".40 S&W — History\n\na short time earlier. Since the .40 S&W uses the same bore diameter and case head as the 10mm Auto, it was merely a matter of adapting the 10mm design to the shorter 9×19mm Parabellum frames. The new guns and ammunition were an immediate success, and pistols in the new caliber were adopted... |
.40_Super_4388612 | From the article on '.40 Super', restate the 'History and design' content. | use of small pistol magnum or small rifle primers and helped control primer flow. The final improvement came with the increased thickness of the cartridge case wall from the web area up to the beginning of the shoulder. This created a cartridge case stronger than the .45 Winchester Magnum cartridge case. The .40 Super ... | [
".40 Super — History and design\n\nuse of small pistol magnum or small rifle primers and helped control primer flow. The final improvement came with the increased thickness of the cartridge case wall from the web area up to the beginning of the shoulder. This created a cartridge case stronger than the .45 Wincheste... |
.40_Super_4388610 | Summarize the 'History and design' part of '.40 Super'. | .45 Super necked down to .40 caliber, the new cartridge began to take shape. Necking a .45 ACP to .40 caliber was nothing new. Before the public debut of the .40 S&W, Charles Petty, a well-known and respected writer, had already ventured into the bottleneck arena. His cartridge, called the "10mm Centaur", was based on ... | [
".40 Super — History and design\n\nuse of small pistol magnum or small rifle primers and helped control primer flow. The final improvement came with the increased thickness of the cartridge case wall from the web area up to the beginning of the shoulder. This created a cartridge case stronger than the .45 Wincheste... |
.40_Super_4388615 | Summarize the 'Ammunition and handloading' part of '.40 Super'. | From a reloader standpoint, there was tremendous versatility in the .40 Super. Bullet weights on the market included: 125, 135, 150, 155, 165, 170, 180, 190, 200 and 220 grains. Loads were developed with a dozen powders. Small pistol magnum or small rifle primers could be utilized. Brass was available from both Triton ... | [
".40 Super — History and design\n\nuse of small pistol magnum or small rifle primers and helped control primer flow. The final improvement came with the increased thickness of the cartridge case wall from the web area up to the beginning of the shoulder. This created a cartridge case stronger than the .45 Wincheste... |
.40_Super_4388617 | Explain what '.40 Super' covers in the 'Current status' section. | The .40 Super cartridge lost momentum when Triton Cartridge was sold and later closed. Double Tap Ammo and Underwood Ammo still offer loaded ammunition for the .40 Super. Today brass is still available from Starline Brass Company and DoubleTap. 1911 conversion kits or barrels are no longer available as of 2013, the las... | [
".40 Super — History and design\n\nuse of small pistol magnum or small rifle primers and helped control primer flow. The final improvement came with the increased thickness of the cartridge case wall from the web area up to the beginning of the shoulder. This created a cartridge case stronger than the .45 Wincheste... |
.40_Super_4388614 | Based on the article about '.40 Super', describe the 'History and design' section. | president of SigArms, and he was interested in the cartridge for use in the P220 pistol. Safari Arms also produced a couple of barrels marked "Triton 10", presumably prior to Triton selecting the .40 Super moniker. Initial prototype .40 Super brass actually had a headstamp that read, ".45 Colt" with the second batch of... | [
".40 Super — History and design\n\nuse of small pistol magnum or small rifle primers and helped control primer flow. The final improvement came with the increased thickness of the cartridge case wall from the web area up to the beginning of the shoulder. This created a cartridge case stronger than the .45 Wincheste... |
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