id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
5726f649dd62a815002e965e | What department runs Nigeria's schools? | the Ministry of Education | [
"Nigeria\n\nEducation in Nigeria is overseen by the Ministry of Education. Local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for state-controlled public education and state schools at a regional level. The education system is divided into Kindergarten, primary education, secondary education and tertiary... |
5726f649dd62a815002e965f | When did Nigeria improve its tertiary education? | After the 1970s oil boom | [
"Nigeria\n\nEducation in Nigeria is overseen by the Ministry of Education. Local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for state-controlled public education and state schools at a regional level. The education system is divided into Kindergarten, primary education, secondary education and tertiary... |
5726f649dd62a815002e9660 | How much of Nigeria's population can read? | 68% | [
"Nigeria\n\nEducation in Nigeria is overseen by the Ministry of Education. Local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for state-controlled public education and state schools at a regional level. The education system is divided into Kindergarten, primary education, secondary education and tertiary... |
5726f649dd62a815002e9661 | How much of Nigeria's male population can read? | 75.7% | [
"Nigeria\n\nEducation in Nigeria is overseen by the Ministry of Education. Local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for state-controlled public education and state schools at a regional level. The education system is divided into Kindergarten, primary education, secondary education and tertiary... |
5726f649dd62a815002e9662 | How much of Nigeria's female population can read? | 60.6% | [
"Nigeria\n\nEducation in Nigeria is overseen by the Ministry of Education. Local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for state-controlled public education and state schools at a regional level. The education system is divided into Kindergarten, primary education, secondary education and tertiary... |
5726f729f1498d1400e8f12c | What is Nigeria's most popular organized-crime activity? | drug trafficking | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. . The various Nige... |
5726f729f1498d1400e8f12d | What drug does Nigeria ship from Asia to Europe and America? | heroin | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. . The various Nige... |
5726f729f1498d1400e8f12e | What drug does Nigeria ship from South America to Europe and South Africa? | cocaine | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. . The various Nige... |
5726f729f1498d1400e8f12f | How many civilians were killed in Lagos in Aug 2000-May 2001? | 273 | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. . The various Nige... |
5726f729f1498d1400e8f130 | How many police were killed in Lagos in Aug 2000-May 2001? | 84 | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. . The various Nige... |
5726f7b0708984140094d749 | What law is the Nigerian 419 scam nicknamed after? | Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code | [
"Nigeria\n\nInternationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the \"Nigerian scam\", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigeri... |
5726f7b0708984140094d74a | What organization was created to combat the 419 scams? | the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission | [
"Nigeria\n\nInternationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the \"Nigerian scam\", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigeri... |
5726f7b0708984140094d74b | When was the Nigerian EFCC created? | 2003 | [
"Nigeria\n\nInternationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the \"Nigerian scam\", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigeri... |
5726f7b0708984140094d74c | What type of scam is the 419 scam? | advance fee fraud | [
"Nigeria\n\nInternationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the \"Nigerian scam\", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigeri... |
5726f7b0708984140094d74d | What type of entity is complicit in the 419 scams? | bank | [
"Nigeria\n\nInternationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the \"Nigerian scam\", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigeri... |
5726f8b75951b619008f83b3 | In 2011 rankings, how bad was Nigeria's corruption ranking? | 143 out of 182 countries | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014. More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 199... |
5726f8b75951b619008f83b4 | In 2014 rankings, how bad was Nigeria's corruption ranking? | 136th position | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014. More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 199... |
5726f8b75951b619008f83b5 | How much was embezzled from the Nigerian government in 1960-1999? | More than $400 billion | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014. More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 199... |
5726f8b75951b619008f83b6 | The state oil company NNPC was initially thought to owe how much to the government? | US$20 billion | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014. More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 199... |
5726f8b75951b619008f83b7 | In a corrected audit, the state oil company NNPC was found to only owe how much to the government? | US$1.48billion | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014. More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 199... |
5726f9365951b619008f83d1 | When did the Nigerian film industry begin? | the 1960s | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe Nigerian film industry is known as Nollywood (a portmanteau of Nigeria and Hollywood) and is now the 2nd-largest producer of movies in the world. Nigerian film studios are based in Lagos, Kano and Enugu, forming a major portion of the local economy of these cities. Nigerian cinema is Africa's larges... |
5726f9365951b619008f83d2 | Which African country has the continent's largest movie industry? | Nigerian | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe Nigerian film industry is known as Nollywood (a portmanteau of Nigeria and Hollywood) and is now the 2nd-largest producer of movies in the world. Nigerian film studios are based in Lagos, Kano and Enugu, forming a major portion of the local economy of these cities. Nigerian cinema is Africa's larges... |
5726f9365951b619008f83d3 | Which cities are Nigeria's movie studios located in? | Lagos, Kano and Enugu | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe Nigerian film industry is known as Nollywood (a portmanteau of Nigeria and Hollywood) and is now the 2nd-largest producer of movies in the world. Nigerian film studios are based in Lagos, Kano and Enugu, forming a major portion of the local economy of these cities. Nigerian cinema is Africa's larges... |
5726f9365951b619008f83d4 | What is the nickname for Nigeria's movie industry? | Nollywood | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe Nigerian film industry is known as Nollywood (a portmanteau of Nigeria and Hollywood) and is now the 2nd-largest producer of movies in the world. Nigerian film studios are based in Lagos, Kano and Enugu, forming a major portion of the local economy of these cities. Nigerian cinema is Africa's larges... |
5726f9365951b619008f83d5 | Where does Nigeria's movie industry rank worldwide? | 2nd-largest | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe Nigerian film industry is known as Nollywood (a portmanteau of Nigeria and Hollywood) and is now the 2nd-largest producer of movies in the world. Nigerian film studios are based in Lagos, Kano and Enugu, forming a major portion of the local economy of these cities. Nigerian cinema is Africa's larges... |
5726f9e05951b619008f83e5 | Which years did Nigeria win the African Cup of Nations? | 1980, 1994, and 2013 | [
"Nigeria\n\nFootball is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles... |
5726f9e05951b619008f83e6 | When did Nigeria win a Summer Olympics gold medal? | 1996 | [
"Nigeria\n\nFootball is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles... |
5726f9e05951b619008f83e7 | What did Nigeria win a Summer Olympics gold medal for? | football | [
"Nigeria\n\nFootball is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles... |
5726f9e05951b619008f83e8 | What country did Nigeria beat to win a Summer Olympics gold medal? | Argentina | [
"Nigeria\n\nFootball is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles... |
5726f9e05951b619008f83e9 | What is Nigeria's national football team called? | Super Eagles | [
"Nigeria\n\nFootball is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles... |
5726fa66dd62a815002e96b6 | Nwankwo Kanu won what honor twice? | African Footballer of the year | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe nation's cadet team from Japan '93 produced some international players notably Nwankwo Kanu, a two-time African Footballer of the year who won the European Champions League with Ajax Amsterdam and later played with Inter Milan, Arsenal, West Bromwich Albion and Portsmouth. Other players that graduat... |
5726fa66dd62a815002e96b7 | Nwankwo Kanu won in what championship league? | European Champions League | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe nation's cadet team from Japan '93 produced some international players notably Nwankwo Kanu, a two-time African Footballer of the year who won the European Champions League with Ajax Amsterdam and later played with Inter Milan, Arsenal, West Bromwich Albion and Portsmouth. Other players that graduat... |
5726fa66dd62a815002e96b8 | What team did Nwankwo Kanu go on to play on? | Inter Milan, Arsenal | [
"Nigeria\n\nThe nation's cadet team from Japan '93 produced some international players notably Nwankwo Kanu, a two-time African Footballer of the year who won the European Champions League with Ajax Amsterdam and later played with Inter Milan, Arsenal, West Bromwich Albion and Portsmouth. Other players that graduat... |
5726fadfdd62a815002e96c6 | How are Nigerian prisoners mistreated? | rape, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria's human rights record remains poor; According to the US Department of State, the most significant human rights problems are: use of excessive force by security forces; impunity for abuses by security forces; arbitrary arrests; prolonged pretrial detention; judicial corruption and executive influ... |
5726fadfdd62a815002e96c7 | What are the conditions like in Nigerian prisons? | harsh and life‑threatening | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria's human rights record remains poor; According to the US Department of State, the most significant human rights problems are: use of excessive force by security forces; impunity for abuses by security forces; arbitrary arrests; prolonged pretrial detention; judicial corruption and executive influ... |
5726fadfdd62a815002e96c8 | How are children mistreated in Nigeria? | child labour, child abuse and child sexual exploitation | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria's human rights record remains poor; According to the US Department of State, the most significant human rights problems are: use of excessive force by security forces; impunity for abuses by security forces; arbitrary arrests; prolonged pretrial detention; judicial corruption and executive influ... |
5726fadfdd62a815002e96c9 | What types of discrimination are common in Nigeria? | sex, ethnicity, region and religion | [
"Nigeria\n\nNigeria's human rights record remains poor; According to the US Department of State, the most significant human rights problems are: use of excessive force by security forces; impunity for abuses by security forces; arbitrary arrests; prolonged pretrial detention; judicial corruption and executive influ... |
5726bd56708984140094cfd1 | How far back does evidence of inhabitation date back | inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) | [
"Utrecht\n\nAlthough there is some evidence of earlier inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) and settling in the Bronze Age (app. 1800–800 BCE), the founding date of the city is usually related to the construction of a Roman fortification (castellum), probably built in ... |
5726bd56708984140094cfd2 | What did the Roman emperor Claudius decide | Claudius decided the empire should not expand north. | [
"Utrecht\n\nAlthough there is some evidence of earlier inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) and settling in the Bronze Age (app. 1800–800 BCE), the founding date of the city is usually related to the construction of a Roman fortification (castellum), probably built in ... |
5726bd56708984140094cfd3 | What was built along the Rhine | To consolidate the border the limes Germanicus defense line was constructed along the main branch of the river Rhine | [
"Utrecht\n\nAlthough there is some evidence of earlier inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) and settling in the Bronze Age (app. 1800–800 BCE), the founding date of the city is usually related to the construction of a Roman fortification (castellum), probably built in ... |
5726bd56708984140094cfd4 | How many soldiers did the fortress hold | These fortresses were designed to house a cohort of about 500 Roman soldiers | [
"Utrecht\n\nAlthough there is some evidence of earlier inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) and settling in the Bronze Age (app. 1800–800 BCE), the founding date of the city is usually related to the construction of a Roman fortification (castellum), probably built in ... |
5726bd56708984140094cfd5 | Who settled near the fort | Near the fort settlements would grow housing artisans, traders and soldiers' wives and children | [
"Utrecht\n\nAlthough there is some evidence of earlier inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) and settling in the Bronze Age (app. 1800–800 BCE), the founding date of the city is usually related to the construction of a Roman fortification (castellum), probably built in ... |
5726c1e7708984140094d0a1 | Who raided German territories regularly | Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. | [
"Utrecht\n\nFrom the middle of the 3rd century Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned. Little is known about the next period 270–650. Utrecht is first spoken of again several centuries after the Romans lef... |
5726c1e7708984140094d0a2 | When did the Romans leave Utrecht | Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned | [
"Utrecht\n\nFrom the middle of the 3rd century Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned. Little is known about the next period 270–650. Utrecht is first spoken of again several centuries after the Romans lef... |
5726c1e7708984140094d0a3 | What happens between 275 and 650 | Little is known about the next period 270–650. | [
"Utrecht\n\nFrom the middle of the 3rd century Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned. Little is known about the next period 270–650. Utrecht is first spoken of again several centuries after the Romans lef... |
5726c1e7708984140094d0a4 | What was built in the 7th century | a church was built within the walls of the Roman fortress | [
"Utrecht\n\nFrom the middle of the 3rd century Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned. Little is known about the next period 270–650. Utrecht is first spoken of again several centuries after the Romans lef... |
5726c1e7708984140094d0a5 | How was the the church destroyed | In ongoing border conflicts with the Frisians this first church was destroyed. | [
"Utrecht\n\nFrom the middle of the 3rd century Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned. Little is known about the next period 270–650. Utrecht is first spoken of again several centuries after the Romans lef... |
5726c38bdd62a815002e8fce | Who tried to convert Frisians | English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians | [
"Utrecht\n\nBy the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel be... |
5726c38bdd62a815002e8fcf | Who did the pope appoint Bishop | The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians | [
"Utrecht\n\nBy the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel be... |
5726c38bdd62a815002e8fd0 | What did Charles Martel do | Frankish leader Charles Martel bestowed the fortress in Utrecht and the surrounding lands as the base of the bishops | [
"Utrecht\n\nBy the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel be... |
5726c38bdd62a815002e8fd1 | What year did Utrecht gain in power | After the fall of Dorestad around 850, Utrecht became one of the most important cities in the Netherlands | [
"Utrecht\n\nBy the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel be... |
5726c38bdd62a815002e8fd2 | What showed the importance of Utrecht | Utrecht as a centre of Christianity is illustrated by the election of the Utrecht-born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens as pope in 1522 | [
"Utrecht\n\nBy the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel be... |
5726c774f1498d1400e8eb0c | What hapend when Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism | the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops | [
"Utrecht\n\nWhen the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops. The territory of the bishopric not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast. The feudal conflict of... |
5726c774f1498d1400e8eb0d | What was part of the territory of bishopric | not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast | [
"Utrecht\n\nWhen the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops. The territory of the bishopric not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast. The feudal conflict of... |
5726c774f1498d1400e8eb0e | What conflict affected Utrecht | The feudal conflict of the Middle Ages heavily affected Utrecht | [
"Utrecht\n\nWhen the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops. The territory of the bishopric not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast. The feudal conflict of... |
5726c774f1498d1400e8eb0f | Who was in conflict with the prince bishopric | the Counts of Holland and the Dukes of Guelders | [
"Utrecht\n\nWhen the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops. The territory of the bishopric not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast. The feudal conflict of... |
5726c774f1498d1400e8eb10 | What region was seized | The Veluwe region was seized by Guelders | [
"Utrecht\n\nWhen the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops. The territory of the bishopric not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast. The feudal conflict of... |
5726c907dd62a815002e9020 | What was the Most dominant Cathedral in Utrecht | The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress | [
"Utrecht\n\nSeveral churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly dam... |
5726c907dd62a815002e9021 | What began in 1254 | The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly damaged by fire | [
"Utrecht\n\nSeveral churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly dam... |
5726c907dd62a815002e9022 | Was the cathedral finished | the age of the great cathedrals had come to an end and declining finances prevented the ambitious project from being finished | [
"Utrecht\n\nSeveral churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly dam... |
5726c907dd62a815002e9023 | How many collegiate churches existed in Utecht besides the cathedral | Besides the cathedral there were four collegiate churches in Utrecht | [
"Utrecht\n\nSeveral churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly dam... |
5726c907dd62a815002e9024 | What else was housed in the city | the city housed St. Paul's Abbey, the 15th-century beguinage of St. Nicholas, and a 14th-century chapter house of the Teutonic Knights. | [
"Utrecht\n\nSeveral churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly dam... |
5726ca95f1498d1400e8eb54 | What did Utrecht's location allow | allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe location on the banks of the river Rhine allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. The growing town Utrecht was granted city rights by Henry V in 1122. When the main flow of the Rhine moved south, the old bed, which still flowed through the heart of the town be... |
5726ca95f1498d1400e8eb55 | Who granted Utrecht city rights | Henry V in 1122 | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe location on the banks of the river Rhine allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. The growing town Utrecht was granted city rights by Henry V in 1122. When the main flow of the Rhine moved south, the old bed, which still flowed through the heart of the town be... |
5726ca95f1498d1400e8eb56 | What was the relationship with the bishop like for citizens of Utrecht | the bishop, who controlled many lands outside of the city, and the citizens of Utrecht was not always easy | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe location on the banks of the river Rhine allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. The growing town Utrecht was granted city rights by Henry V in 1122. When the main flow of the Rhine moved south, the old bed, which still flowed through the heart of the town be... |
5726ca95f1498d1400e8eb57 | What Industry did the bishop hurt | The bishop, for example dammed the Kromme Rijn at Wijk bij Duurstede to protect his estates from flooding | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe location on the banks of the river Rhine allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. The growing town Utrecht was granted city rights by Henry V in 1122. When the main flow of the Rhine moved south, the old bed, which still flowed through the heart of the town be... |
5726cbd25951b619008f7e55 | What year did the bishop lose power | In 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union. This ended the prince-bishopric Utrecht, a... |
5726cbd25951b619008f7e56 | What did Charles V combine | Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union. This ended the prince-bishopric Utrecht, a... |
5726cbd25951b619008f7e57 | What did the loss of power end | the prince-bishopric Utrecht, as the secular rule was now the lordship of Utrecht, with the religious power remaining with the bishop | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union. This ended the prince-bishopric Utrecht, a... |
5726cbd25951b619008f7e58 | What was the bishop of Utrecht raised to | In 1559 the bishopric of Utrecht was raised to archbishopric to make it the religious center of the Northern ecclesiastical province in the Seventeen provinces | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union. This ended the prince-bishopric Utrecht, a... |
5726cded5951b619008f7e83 | Why was the transition to a new union difficult | Charles V was struggling to exert his power over the citizens of the city, who had struggled to gain a certain level of independence from the bishops | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe transition from independence to a relatively minor part of a larger union was not easily accepted. To quell uprisings Charles V was struggling to exert his power over the citizens of the city, who had struggled to gain a certain level of independence from the bishops and were not willing to cede thi... |
5726cded5951b619008f7e84 | What was the purpose of the castle | The heavily fortified castle Vredenburg was built to house a large garrison whose main task was to maintain control over the city | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe transition from independence to a relatively minor part of a larger union was not easily accepted. To quell uprisings Charles V was struggling to exert his power over the citizens of the city, who had struggled to gain a certain level of independence from the bishops and were not willing to cede thi... |
5726cded5951b619008f7e85 | How long did the castle last | The castle would last less than 50 years before it was demolished in an uprising in the early stages of the Dutch Revolt | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe transition from independence to a relatively minor part of a larger union was not easily accepted. To quell uprisings Charles V was struggling to exert his power over the citizens of the city, who had struggled to gain a certain level of independence from the bishops and were not willing to cede thi... |
5726ced3dd62a815002e90e4 | What was signed in 1579 | the northern seven provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they decided to join forces against Spanish rule | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1579 the northern seven provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they decided to join forces against Spanish rule. The Union of Utrecht is seen as the beginning of the Dutch Republic. In 1580 the new and predominantly Protestant state abolished the bishoprics, including the archbishopric of Ut... |
5726ced3dd62a815002e90e5 | What is this union seen as | The Union of Utrecht is seen as the beginning of the Dutch Republic | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1579 the northern seven provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they decided to join forces against Spanish rule. The Union of Utrecht is seen as the beginning of the Dutch Republic. In 1580 the new and predominantly Protestant state abolished the bishoprics, including the archbishopric of Ut... |
5726ced3dd62a815002e90e6 | What became the dominant province | towards its dominant province Holland | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1579 the northern seven provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they decided to join forces against Spanish rule. The Union of Utrecht is seen as the beginning of the Dutch Republic. In 1580 the new and predominantly Protestant state abolished the bishoprics, including the archbishopric of Ut... |
5726ced3dd62a815002e90e7 | What was the state of Utrecht | Utrecht remained an atypical city in the new republic with about 40% Catholic in the mid-17th century, and even more among the elite groups | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn 1579 the northern seven provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they decided to join forces against Spanish rule. The Union of Utrecht is seen as the beginning of the Dutch Republic. In 1580 the new and predominantly Protestant state abolished the bishoprics, including the archbishopric of Ut... |
5726d36b708984140094d283 | Who did the fortified city fall to in 1672 | temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before con... |
5726d36b708984140094d284 | In 1674 what hit Utrecht | the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before con... |
5726d36b708984140094d285 | What collapsed during the tornado | The halt to building before construction of flying buttresses in the 15th century now proved to be the undoing of the central section of the cathedral | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before con... |
5726d36b708984140094d286 | What did Utrecht host in 1713 | In 1713, Utrecht hosted one of the first international peace negotiations when the Treaty of Utrecht settled the War of the Spanish Succession | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before con... |
5726d36b708984140094d287 | Since 1723 what has Utrecht become | Utrecht became the centre of the non-Roman Old Catholic Churches in the world | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before con... |
5726d8065951b619008f7fbb | What hapend in the early 19th century | the role of Utrecht as a fortified town had become obsolete | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn the early 19th century, the role of Utrecht as a fortified town had become obsolete. The fortifications of the Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie were moved east of Utrecht. The town walls could now be demolished to allow for expansion. The moats remained intact and formed an important feature of the Zocher... |
5726d8065951b619008f7fbc | In 1843 what brought growth to Utrecht | a railway connecting Utrecht to Amsterdam was opened | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn the early 19th century, the role of Utrecht as a fortified town had become obsolete. The fortifications of the Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie were moved east of Utrecht. The town walls could now be demolished to allow for expansion. The moats remained intact and formed an important feature of the Zocher... |
5726d8065951b619008f7fbd | What was reinstated in 1853 | the Dutch government allowed the bishopric of Utrecht to be reinstated by Rome, and Utrecht became the centre of Dutch Catholicism | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn the early 19th century, the role of Utrecht as a fortified town had become obsolete. The fortifications of the Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie were moved east of Utrecht. The town walls could now be demolished to allow for expansion. The moats remained intact and formed an important feature of the Zocher... |
5726d8065951b619008f7fbe | what was built in the 1920's and 1930's | New middle class residential areas, such as Tuindorp and Oog in Al, were built | [
"Utrecht\n\nIn the early 19th century, the role of Utrecht as a fortified town had become obsolete. The fortifications of the Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie were moved east of Utrecht. The town walls could now be demolished to allow for expansion. The moats remained intact and formed an important feature of the Zocher... |
5726db2a5951b619008f8021 | What was railway area developed into | were developed following modernist ideas of the 1960s, in a brutalist style | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe area surrounding Utrecht Centraal railway station and the station itself were developed following modernist ideas of the 1960s, in a brutalist style. This led to the construction of the shopping mall Hoog Catharijne (nl), music centre Vredenburg (Hertzberger, 1979), and conversion of part of the anc... |
5726db2a5951b619008f8022 | What mall was constructed | the shopping mall Hoog Catharijne | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe area surrounding Utrecht Centraal railway station and the station itself were developed following modernist ideas of the 1960s, in a brutalist style. This led to the construction of the shopping mall Hoog Catharijne (nl), music centre Vredenburg (Hertzberger, 1979), and conversion of part of the anc... |
5726db2a5951b619008f8023 | What happened in the early 21 st century | In the early 21st century the whole area is being redeveloped | [
"Utrecht\n\nThe area surrounding Utrecht Centraal railway station and the station itself were developed following modernist ideas of the 1960s, in a brutalist style. This led to the construction of the shopping mall Hoog Catharijne (nl), music centre Vredenburg (Hertzberger, 1979), and conversion of part of the anc... |
5726dbef5951b619008f8037 | What Socio economic problems does Utrecht face | About 38% percent of its population either earns a minimum income or is dependent on social welfare | [
"Utrecht\n\nAbout 69% of the population is of Dutch ancestry. Approximately 10% of the population consists of immigrants from Western countries, while 21% of the population is of non-Western origin (9% Moroccan, 5% Turkish, 3% Surinamese and Dutch Caribbean and 5% of other countries). Some of the city's boroughs ha... |
5726dbef5951b619008f8038 | percentage of population that's dutch | About 69% of the population is of Dutch ancestry | [
"Utrecht\n\nAbout 69% of the population is of Dutch ancestry. Approximately 10% of the population consists of immigrants from Western countries, while 21% of the population is of non-Western origin (9% Moroccan, 5% Turkish, 3% Surinamese and Dutch Caribbean and 5% of other countries). Some of the city's boroughs ha... |
5726dbef5951b619008f8039 | What boroughs are known for high crime | Kanaleneiland, Overvecht and Hoograven consist primarily of high-rise housing developments, and are known for relatively high poverty and crime rate | [
"Utrecht\n\nAbout 69% of the population is of Dutch ancestry. Approximately 10% of the population consists of immigrants from Western countries, while 21% of the population is of non-Western origin (9% Moroccan, 5% Turkish, 3% Surinamese and Dutch Caribbean and 5% of other countries). Some of the city's boroughs ha... |
5726dcb95951b619008f8047 | What does the dense population make difficult | which makes concise definitions of its agglomeration difficult, and somewhat arbitrary. | [
"Utrecht\n\nUtrecht is the centre of a densely populated area, which makes concise definitions of its agglomeration difficult, and somewhat arbitrary. The smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen. It is sometimes a... |
5726dcb95951b619008f8048 | Least populates areas of Utrecht | smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen | [
"Utrecht\n\nUtrecht is the centre of a densely populated area, which makes concise definitions of its agglomeration difficult, and somewhat arbitrary. The smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen. It is sometimes a... |
5726dcb95951b619008f8049 | More populated areas include | The larger region, including slightly more remote towns such as Woerden and Amersfoort counts up to 820,000 inhabitants | [
"Utrecht\n\nUtrecht is the centre of a densely populated area, which makes concise definitions of its agglomeration difficult, and somewhat arbitrary. The smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen. It is sometimes a... |
5726de0c5951b619008f80a3 | what dominates the cityscape | Utrecht's cityscape is dominated by the Dom Tower, the tallest belfry in the Netherlands and originally part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin | [
"Utrecht\n\nUtrecht's cityscape is dominated by the Dom Tower, the tallest belfry in the Netherlands and originally part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin. An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m). Nevertheless, some tall buildings ar... |
5726de0c5951b619008f80a4 | What is being debated in Utrecht | An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m) | [
"Utrecht\n\nUtrecht's cityscape is dominated by the Dom Tower, the tallest belfry in the Netherlands and originally part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin. An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m). Nevertheless, some tall buildings ar... |
5726de0c5951b619008f80a5 | What is the name of the stadium | the Nieuw Galgenwaard stadium (2007) | [
"Utrecht\n\nUtrecht's cityscape is dominated by the Dom Tower, the tallest belfry in the Netherlands and originally part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin. An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m). Nevertheless, some tall buildings ar... |
5726deca5951b619008f80bd | What is a landmark in the city | the old centre and the canal structure in the inner city | [
"Utrecht\n\nAnother landmark is the old centre and the canal structure in the inner city. The Oudegracht is a curved canal, partly following the ancient main branch of the Rhine. It is lined with the unique wharf-basement structures that create a two-level street along the canals. The inner city has largely retaine... |
5726deca5951b619008f80be | What does the inner city look like | The inner city has largely retained its Medieval structure, and the moat ringing the old town is largely intact | [
"Utrecht\n\nAnother landmark is the old centre and the canal structure in the inner city. The Oudegracht is a curved canal, partly following the ancient main branch of the Rhine. It is lined with the unique wharf-basement structures that create a two-level street along the canals. The inner city has largely retaine... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.