id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
56d99788dc89441400fdb580 | What is Canis familiaris? | domestic dog | [
"Dog\n\nThe domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a domesticated canid which has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes."
] |
56d99788dc89441400fdb581 | How long has the domestic dog been selectively bred? | millennia | [
"Dog\n\nThe domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a domesticated canid which has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes."
] |
56d99788dc89441400fdb582 | Along with various behaviors and physical attributes, what were domestic dogs bred for? | sensory capabilities | [
"Dog\n\nThe domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a domesticated canid which has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes."
] |
56d4a7a72ccc5a1400d83168 | What decade had significant studies of dog genes to determine origins? | 2010s | [
"Dog\n\nAlthough initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. B... |
56d4a7a72ccc5a1400d83169 | Testing revealed today's dogs trace back by how many years? | 40,000 | [
"Dog\n\nAlthough initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. B... |
56d4a7a72ccc5a1400d8316a | What is the region where domesticated dogs ancestry traces to? | Eurasia | [
"Dog\n\nAlthough initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. B... |
56d4a7a72ccc5a1400d8316b | What type of diet can modern domesticated dogs thrive eating that other dogs cannot? | starch-rich | [
"Dog\n\nAlthough initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. B... |
56d997d0dc89441400fdb590 | What was undertaken in 2010 to determine where dogs originated from? | extensive genetic studies | [
"Dog\n\nAlthough initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. B... |
56d4bb172ccc5a1400d83186 | What is the most common phrase, or nickname, used by people in the United States to describe dogs in general? | man's best friend | [
"Dog\n\nDogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname \"man's best friend\" in the Western world. In some cultures, ho... |
56d9984fdc89441400fdb592 | What moniker has been given to dogs in Western cultures? | man's best friend | [
"Dog\n\nDogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname \"man's best friend\" in the Western world. In some cultures, ho... |
56d9984fdc89441400fdb593 | Dogs are a source of what in some cultures? | meat | [
"Dog\n\nDogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname \"man's best friend\" in the Western world. In some cultures, ho... |
56d4bc242ccc5a1400d8318b | What is the Proto-Germanic word that "dog" may have come from? | dukkōn | [
"Dog\n\nThe term \"domestic dog\" is generally used for both of the domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a \"powerful dog breed\". The term may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukkōn, represented in Old English finger-docce (\"finger-mu... |
56d4bc242ccc5a1400d8318c | What may be the earliest vocabulary that the word "dog" came from? | Proto-Indo-European | [
"Dog\n\nThe term \"domestic dog\" is generally used for both of the domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a \"powerful dog breed\". The term may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukkōn, represented in Old English finger-docce (\"finger-mu... |
56d998c8dc89441400fdb597 | Where does the word dog originate? | Old English docga | [
"Dog\n\nThe term \"domestic dog\" is generally used for both of the domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a \"powerful dog breed\". The term may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukkōn, represented in Old English finger-docce (\"finger-mu... |
56d998c8dc89441400fdb598 | Dog could also come from the original layer of what vocabulary? | Proto-Indo-European | [
"Dog\n\nThe term \"domestic dog\" is generally used for both of the domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a \"powerful dog breed\". The term may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukkōn, represented in Old English finger-docce (\"finger-mu... |
56d4bcef2ccc5a1400d8319a | What was the common 14th-century word for dogs for those who spoke English? | hound | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d4bcef2ccc5a1400d8319b | What breed was so prolific it became a prototype of hound? | mastiff. | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d4bcef2ccc5a1400d8319c | In what century did "hound" start to only apply to hunting dogs? | 16th | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d99962dc89441400fdb5a6 | What was the common term for all domesticated dogs in England during the 14th century? | hound | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d99962dc89441400fdb5a7 | When did the word dog become the common term for canines? | 16th century | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d99962dc89441400fdb5a8 | Hound became the term for dogs who did what activity during this time? | hunting | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d99962dc89441400fdb5a9 | What Proto-Indo-European word is hound from? | *kwon- "dog" | [
"Dog\n\nIn 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this \"dog\" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category \"hound\". By the 16th century, dog... |
56d4bdcd2ccc5a1400d831aa | What are a single birth group of puppies of a dog called collectively? | a litter. | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d4bdcd2ccc5a1400d831ab | What is the male who is father of the pups called? | sire | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d4bdcd2ccc5a1400d831ac | What is the French word that "puppy" comes from? | poupée | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d4bdcd2ccc5a1400d831ad | What is giving birth to dogs called? | whelping | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d4bdcd2ccc5a1400d831ae | What is the English word for female dog that has also become profanity? | bitch | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d999dcdc89441400fdb5ae | A male canine is called a dog while a female canine is called a what in reference to breeding? | bitch | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d999dcdc89441400fdb5af | What are canine offspring referred as? | litter | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d999dcdc89441400fdb5b0 | What is the father of a litter referred as? | sire | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d999dcdc89441400fdb5b1 | What is the mother of a litter referred as? | dam | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d999dcdc89441400fdb5b2 | What are the individual litter canines called? | pups | [
"Dog\n\nIn breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in gen... |
56d4befa2ccc5a1400d831b4 | What is the Latin term for "dog.?" | Canis | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d4befa2ccc5a1400d831b5 | What year are dogs first listed in Systema Naturae? | 1758 | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d4befa2ccc5a1400d831b6 | Who published Systema Naturae? | Linnaeus | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d4befa2ccc5a1400d831b7 | What is the modern single English word for Canis lupus? | wolf | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d4befa2ccc5a1400d831b8 | What 1982 publication listed regular family dogs under wolves? | Mammal Species of the World | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d99aa4dc89441400fdb5b8 | What is the Latin word for dog? | Canis | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d99aa4dc89441400fdb5b9 | Canis familiaris is the classification for dogs, and is known as what? | family dog | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d99aa4dc89441400fdb5ba | What is the Latin name for a wolf? | Canis lupus | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d99aa4dc89441400fdb5bb | Feral dogs have what Latin classification? | Canis dingo | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d99aa4dc89441400fdb5bc | What year was Canis familiaris listed under Canis lupus? | 1982 | [
"Dog\n\nIn 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means \... |
56d4c13d2ccc5a1400d831d2 | What year was it decided that if wolves and dogs were one species, then their scientific name is the name of the wild variety? | 2003 | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d4c13d2ccc5a1400d831d3 | What 2005 publication in its third edition kept to that ruling? | Mammal Species of the World | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d4c13d2ccc5a1400d831d4 | What Latin dog term is still used because wild and domesticated dogs are recognizably different? | Canis familiaris. | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d4c13d2ccc5a1400d831d5 | What official body recognizes both Canis lupus and Canis familiaris? | ICZN | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d4c13d2ccc5a1400d831d6 | Many researchers prefer what term? | Canis familiaris. | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d99b58dc89441400fdb5c2 | Who ruled in 2003 that scientific names for wild animals share the same scientific name as their domestic counterparts? | ICZN | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d99b58dc89441400fdb5c3 | What was this decision called? | Opinion 2027 | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lup... |
56d4c2102ccc5a1400d831ee | What indicated dogs and gray wolves developed as two monophyletic clades? | genetic studies | [
"Dog\n\nLater genetic studies strongly supported dogs and gray wolves forming two sister monophyletic clades within the one species, and that the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves is extinct."
] |
56d4c2102ccc5a1400d831ef | The common relative of dogs and existing wolves is now considered what? | extinct. | [
"Dog\n\nLater genetic studies strongly supported dogs and gray wolves forming two sister monophyletic clades within the one species, and that the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves is extinct."
] |
56d4c3ba2ccc5a1400d831fd | Modern dogs likely began when human beings were considered to be what? | hunter-gatherers | [
"Dog\n\nThe origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hu... |
56d4c3ba2ccc5a1400d831ff | Due to admixture, what species are many Arctic dogs related to? | Taimyr wolf of North Asia | [
"Dog\n\nThe origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hu... |
56d99c62dc89441400fdb5e2 | Rather than with agriculturists, dogs seemingly were during the time of who? | human hunter-gatherers | [
"Dog\n\nThe origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hu... |
56d99c62dc89441400fdb5e3 | Most breeds share a genetic likeness to what animal? | gray wolf | [
"Dog\n\nThe origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hu... |
56d99c62dc89441400fdb5e4 | Some Arctic breeds are more like what wolf rather than the gray wolf? | Taimyr | [
"Dog\n\nThe origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hu... |
56d4c4bd2ccc5a1400d8320e | What species shows more difference in size, looks and actions than any other? | Modern dog breeds | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d4c4bd2ccc5a1400d8320f | What are dog teeth best suited for? | catching and tearing. | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d4c4bd2ccc5a1400d83210 | Dogs are considered to be predators and what else? | scavengers | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d4c4bd2ccc5a1400d83211 | What bones in dog legs are fused? | wrist | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d4c4bd2ccc5a1400d83212 | A dog's heart and vascular ability if best suited for sprinting and what else? | endurance | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d99cfedc89441400fdb5eb | What are a dog's teeth mainly used for? | catching and tearing | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d99cfedc89441400fdb5ec | Dogs originated as predators and what? | scavengers | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the d... |
56d4d4b82ccc5a1400d8327c | Dogs show an extreme range in what two characteristics? | height and weight. | [
"Dog\n\nDogs are highly variable in height and weight. The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier, that stood only 6.3 cm (2.5 in) at the shoulder, 9.5 cm (3.7 in) in length along the head-and-body, and weighed only 113 grams (4.0 oz). The largest known dog was an English Mastiff which weighed 155.6 kg (3... |
56d4d4b82ccc5a1400d8327f | What breed was the largest dog known to have lived? | English Mastiff | [
"Dog\n\nDogs are highly variable in height and weight. The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier, that stood only 6.3 cm (2.5 in) at the shoulder, 9.5 cm (3.7 in) in length along the head-and-body, and weighed only 113 grams (4.0 oz). The largest known dog was an English Mastiff which weighed 155.6 kg (3... |
56d99d69dc89441400fdb5f4 | What is the biggest known dog? | English Mastiff | [
"Dog\n\nDogs are highly variable in height and weight. The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier, that stood only 6.3 cm (2.5 in) at the shoulder, 9.5 cm (3.7 in) in length along the head-and-body, and weighed only 113 grams (4.0 oz). The largest known dog was an English Mastiff which weighed 155.6 kg (3... |
56d5aeea1c85041400946db3 | Which coat is more common with dogs living in colder climates? | double | [
"Dog\n\nThe coats of domestic dogs are of two varieties: \"double\" being common with dogs (as well as wolves) originating from colder climates, made up of a coarse guard hair and a soft down hair, or \"single\", with the topcoat only."
] |
56d5aeea1c85041400946db4 | Along with a gruff guard hair, what else makes up the double coat? | soft down hair | [
"Dog\n\nThe coats of domestic dogs are of two varieties: \"double\" being common with dogs (as well as wolves) originating from colder climates, made up of a coarse guard hair and a soft down hair, or \"single\", with the topcoat only."
] |
56d99dcfdc89441400fdb608 | What is the more common coat for dogs from colder climates? | double | [
"Dog\n\nThe coats of domestic dogs are of two varieties: \"double\" being common with dogs (as well as wolves) originating from colder climates, made up of a coarse guard hair and a soft down hair, or \"single\", with the topcoat only."
] |
56d99dcfdc89441400fdb609 | What is a single coat? | topcoat only | [
"Dog\n\nThe coats of domestic dogs are of two varieties: \"double\" being common with dogs (as well as wolves) originating from colder climates, made up of a coarse guard hair and a soft down hair, or \"single\", with the topcoat only."
] |
56d5af531c85041400946dba | When a dog has a camouflage pattern on its coat, this is called what? | countershading | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional \"blaze\", stripe, or \"star\" of wh... |
56d5af531c85041400946dbb | A dog with countershading has dark coloring where? | upper surfaces | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional \"blaze\", stripe, or \"star\" of wh... |
56d99e45dc89441400fdb60e | A natural camo pattern is known as what? | countershading | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional \"blaze\", stripe, or \"star\" of wh... |
56d99e45dc89441400fdb60f | What color is on a dogs upper surfaces if it has countershading? | dark coloring | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional \"blaze\", stripe, or \"star\" of wh... |
56d99e45dc89441400fdb610 | What is reduced when a dog has countershading? | visibility | [
"Dog\n\nDomestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional \"blaze\", stripe, or \"star\" of wh... |
56d5afb81c85041400946dc2 | What part of a dog can be straight, curly or cork-screwed? | tails | [
"Dog\n\nThere are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is trad... |
56d5afb81c85041400946dc3 | What does a dog communicate with its tail? | emotional state | [
"Dog\n\nThere are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is trad... |
56d99ea7dc89441400fdb620 | What part of a dog can be straight, curled, or cork-screwed? | tails | [
"Dog\n\nThere are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is trad... |
56d5c9061c85041400946dca | What are some dogs prone to? | genetic ailments | [
"Dog\n\nSome breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affect... |
56d5c9061c85041400946dcc | What are all dogs susceptible to? | parasites | [
"Dog\n\nSome breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affect... |
56d5c9061c85041400946dcd | Pyometra usually affects what type of female dog? | unspayed | [
"Dog\n\nSome breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affect... |
56d9a0cadc89441400fdb637 | Who does pyometra affect? | unspayed females | [
"Dog\n\nSome breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affect... |
56d9a0cadc89441400fdb639 | What are fleas, ticks and mites called? | parasites | [
"Dog\n\nSome breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affect... |
56d5ca321c85041400946dd2 | Some foods that are okay for people to eat are what to dogs? | toxic | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d5ca321c85041400946dd3 | Grapes, raisins, onions, garlic and what common sugar alcohol (sweetener) is toxic to dogs? | xylitol | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d5ca321c85041400946dd4 | What type of nut is poisonous to dogs? | macadamia | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d5ca321c85041400946dd5 | What is the chemical in chocolate that is poisonous to dogs? | theobromine | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d9a199dc89441400fdb64e | Some human foods can be what to dogs? | toxic | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d9a199dc89441400fdb64f | What in tobacco can hurt dogs? | nicotine | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d9a199dc89441400fdb652 | What form of chocolate is especially toxic to dogs? | dark | [
"Dog\n\nA number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. ... |
56d5cba21c85041400946dde | Mutts, dogs that have several breed characteristics, live how much longer than purebred dogs? | 1.2 years | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan)."
] |
56d5cba21c85041400946ddf | Do bigger dogs typically have longer or shorter lives? | shorter | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan)."
] |
56d9a21edc89441400fdb65a | When was a study done that discovered mixed breeds tend to live longer than pure breeds? | 2013 | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan)."
] |
56d9a21edc89441400fdb65b | Typically, how much longer do mixed breeds live? | 1.2 years longer | [
"Dog\n\nIn 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan)."
] |
56d5cc661c85041400946de2 | What is the median lifespan of canines? | 10 to 13 years. | [
"Dog\n\nThe typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds, but for most the median longevity, the age at which half the dogs in a population have died and half are still alive, ranges from 10 to 13 years. Individual dogs may live well beyond the median of their breed."
] |
56d5cd181c85041400946de4 | What is the canine breed with shortest median lifespan? | Dogue de Bordeaux | [
"Dog\n\nThe breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived... |
56d5cd181c85041400946de5 | What is the median length of life for the canine breed that lives the least amount of years? | 5.2 years | [
"Dog\n\nThe breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived... |
56d5cd181c85041400946de6 | What is the average lifespan of an Irish Wolfhound? | 6 to 7 years. | [
"Dog\n\nThe breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived... |
56d9a294dc89441400fdb662 | Which dog has the shortest lifespan? | Dogue de Bordeaux | [
"Dog\n\nThe breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived... |
56d9a294dc89441400fdb663 | What is the average lifespan for a Dogue de Borddeaux? | 5.2 years | [
"Dog\n\nThe breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived... |
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