id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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57303756a23a5019007fcf97 | What arts does Liberia have a rich history of? | textile arts and quilting | [
"Liberia\n\nLiberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who p... |
57303756a23a5019007fcf98 | In what years did Liberia host national fairs? | 1857 and 1858 | [
"Liberia\n\nLiberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who p... |
57303756a23a5019007fcf99 | Who is Martha Ann Ricks? | the most well-known Liberian quilters | [
"Liberia\n\nLiberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who p... |
57303756a23a5019007fcf9a | Who did Martha Ann Ricks present the famed Liberian coffee tree to? | Queen Victoria | [
"Liberia\n\nLiberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who p... |
57303756a23a5019007fcf9b | What did President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf have installed in her presidential office? | Liberian-made quilt | [
"Liberia\n\nLiberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who p... |
573013b0b2c2fd140056881d | What did Whitehead first study? | mathematics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
573013b0b2c2fd140056881e | What was Whitehead's second area of study? | philosophy | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
573013b0b2c2fd140056881f | What was Whitehead's final area of study? | metaphysics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
573013b0b2c2fd1400568820 | What type of system did he develop? | metaphysical | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
573013b0b2c2fd1400568821 | What did Whitehead argue reality consists of? | processes | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
57331b0dd058e614000b56fa | During which decade did Whitehead's focus start shifting away from mathematics? | 1910s | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
57331b0dd058e614000b56fb | After moving away from mathematics, what subjects did Whitehead explore? | philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
57331b0dd058e614000b56fc | As opposed to physical objects, what did Whitehead believe reality is composed of? | processes | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
57331b0dd058e614000b56fd | What was the predominant theory of reality that Whitehead opposed? | reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
57331b0dd058e614000b56fe | What book of Whitehead's is now considered a primary source of process philosophy? | Process and Reality | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nBeginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that rea... |
57301444947a6a140053d070 | Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? | Ramsgate, Kent, England | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57301444947a6a140053d071 | What year was Whitehead born? | 1861 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57301444947a6a140053d072 | What was Whitehead's father's profession? | minister and schoolmaster | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57301444947a6a140053d073 | What was Whitehead's mother's name? | Maria Sarah Whitehead, | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57301444947a6a140053d074 | What was Whitehead's wife's name? | Evelyn | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57331bdad058e614000b5704 | Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? | Ramsgate, Kent, England | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57331bdad058e614000b5705 | In what year was Whitehead born? | 1861 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57331bdad058e614000b5706 | Who founded Chatham House Academy? | Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57331bdad058e614000b5707 | What was Whitehead's father's profession? | minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
57331bdad058e614000b5708 | Who was Whitehead's mother? | Maria Sarah Whitehead, formerly Maria Sarah Buckmaster | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAlfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861. His father, Alfred Whitehead, was a minister and schoolmaster of Chatham House Academy, a successful school for boys established by Thomas Whitehead, Alfred North's grandfather. Whitehead himself recalled both of them as... |
5730289204bcaa1900d77277 | When did Whitehead accept administrative positions? | 1918 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
5730289204bcaa1900d77278 | Where did Whitehead accept administrative positions? | University of London | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
5730289204bcaa1900d77279 | What was he elected at the University of London? | Dean of the Faculty of Science | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
5730289204bcaa1900d7727a | When did Whitehead go to America? | 1924 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
57331ea14776f419006606f4 | In which educational system was Whitehead employed in the late 1910s? | University of London system | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
57331ea14776f419006606f5 | What was Whitehead's title at the University of London in late 1918? | Dean of the Faculty of Science | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
57331ea14776f419006606f6 | What was Whitehead's last position before he traveled to America? | chairman of the Senate's Academic (leadership) Council | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
57331ea14776f419006606f7 | In which year did Whitehead relocate to America? | 1924 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
57331ea14776f419006606f8 | What degree program did Whitehead contribute to establishing at University of London? | Bachelor of Science | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Universi... |
57302ae6b2c2fd14005689bf | How many volumes is the biography of Whitehead? | two | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57302ae6b2c2fd14005689c0 | Who wrote the biography of Whitehead? | Victor Lowe | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57302ae6b2c2fd14005689c1 | What was Whitehead's wish upon his death for his family? | all of his papers be destroyed after his death. | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57302ae6b2c2fd14005689c2 | What did Whitehead believe in so profusely that it was difficult to write a biography on him? | right to privacy | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57332015d058e614000b570e | Who authored Whitehead's biography that is considered to be the most reliable description of Whitehead's life? | Victor Lowe | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57332015d058e614000b570f | Why was no Nachlass left behind after Whitehead's death? | his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his death | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57332015d058e614000b5710 | What was Whitehead's opinion on privacy? | almost fanatical belief in the right to privacy | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57332015d058e614000b5711 | What did the author of Whitehead's biography comment on the first page regarding the difficulty of obtaining information about Whitehead? | "No professional biographer in his right mind would touch him." | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his de... |
57302b8004bcaa1900d772b9 | What did Whitehead publish numerous articles about? | mathematics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
57302b8004bcaa1900d772ba | How many books on mathematics did Whitehead write? | three | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
57302b8004bcaa1900d772bb | Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica with Whitehead? | Bertrand Russell | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
57302b8004bcaa1900d772bc | Which of Whitehead's books is known as one of the most important works in mathematical logical? | Principia Mathematica | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
57302b8004bcaa1900d772bd | When did Whitehead write his first book? | 1898 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
5733229dd058e614000b5716 | What was Whitehead's first published book on mathematics? | A Treatise on Universal Algebra | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
5733229dd058e614000b5717 | With what mathematician and philosopher did Whitehead collaborate to write Principia Mathematica? | Bertrand Russell | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
5733229dd058e614000b5718 | Who was the intended audience of Whitehead's first two mathematics books? | professional mathematicians | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
5733229dd058e614000b5719 | What was Whitehead's final book on mathematics? | An Introduction to Mathematics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
5733229dd058e614000b571a | What is the significance of Principia Mathematica currently? | regarded as one of the most important works in mathematical logic of the 20th century | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nIn addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (191... |
57302cc5947a6a140053d216 | Lie algebras and hypobolic quanternions drew attention to the need for what? | expand algebraic structures | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAt the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: \"The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, no... |
57302cc5947a6a140053d217 | What did reviewer GB Mathews say algebraic structures possessed? | unity of design | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAt the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: \"The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, no... |
57302cc5947a6a140053d218 | Reviewer Alexander Macfarlane believed that the main idea of the work is a comparative study of what? | several structures | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAt the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: \"The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, no... |
573324c9d058e614000b572a | What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions demonstrate a need for? | the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAt the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: \"The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, no... |
573324c9d058e614000b572b | How did Alexander Macfarlane summarize the relationship between different methods in "A Treatise on Algebra" in his review? | comparative study of their several structures | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAt the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: \"The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, no... |
573324c9d058e614000b572c | What was G.B. Matthew's opinion of "A Treatise on Algebra"? | "It possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes." | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nAt the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: \"The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, no... |
57302d8ea23a5019007fcf05 | How long did Whitehead and Russell think it would take them to complete Principia Mathematica? | a year | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
57302d8ea23a5019007fcf06 | How long did it actually take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? | ten years | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
57302d8ea23a5019007fcf07 | How many volumes was Principia Mathematica? | three | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
57302d8ea23a5019007fcf08 | How many pages was Principia Mathematica? | 2,000 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
57302d8ea23a5019007fcf09 | Who paid to publish Principia Mathematica? | Cambridge University Press | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
573326c84776f4190066071c | How long did Whitehead and Russell expect to spend creating Principia Mathematica? | a year | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
573326c84776f4190066071d | How long did it actually take to complete Principia Mathematica? | ten years | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
573326c84776f4190066071e | Why was there a funding shortfall for the publishing of Princpia Mathematica? | the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (professional mathematicians) | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
573326c84776f4190066071f | Who supplied the funding to cover the shortfall? | 00 of which was paid by Cambridge University Press, 200 by the Royal Society of London, and 50 apiece by Whitehead and Russell | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
573326c84776f41900660720 | How prevalent is Principia Mathematica today? | today there is likely no major academic library in the world which does not hold a copy of Principia Mathematica | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years. To add insult to injury, when it came time for publication, the three-volume work was so massive (more than 2,000 pages) and its audience so narrow (pr... |
57302ed0947a6a140053d242 | When was Kurt Godel's incompleteness theorem? | 1931 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57302ed0947a6a140053d243 | What did Kurt Godel's theorem demonstrate about axioms and the inference rules? | some truths of mathematics which could not be deduced from them | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57302ed0947a6a140053d244 | Godel couldn't have come to his conclusion without what book? | Principia Mathematica | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57302ed0947a6a140053d245 | Besides logic and epistemology, what else did Principia Mathematica connect? | metaphysics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57332caa4776f41900660744 | What is the general consensus of the axioms and inference rules declared in Principia Mathematica? | mixed | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57332caa4776f41900660745 | Who discovered the incompleteness theorem of 1931? | Kurt Gödel | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57332caa4776f41900660746 | What did the incompleteness theorem of 1931 indicate regarding Principia Mathematica? | for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of mathematics which could not be deduced | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57332caa4776f41900660747 | Why was Gödels finding ironic? | Gödel could not have come to this conclusion without Whitehead and Russell's book | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
57332caa4776f41900660748 | Despite its imperfection, what are now considered valuable achievements of Principia Mathematica? | the book popularized modern mathematical logic and drew important connections between logic, epistemology, and metaphysics | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nThe ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of ... |
5730303c04bcaa1900d7731b | What year was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? | 1929 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
5730303c04bcaa1900d7731c | What was the Aims of Education and Other Essays comprised of? | numerous essays and addresses | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
5730303c04bcaa1900d7731d | What teaching did Whitehead caution against teaching? | inert ideas | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
57332e96d058e614000b576c | When was "The Aims of Education and Other Essays" published? | 1929 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
57332e96d058e614000b576d | During what periods of time were the essays and address contained in "The Aims of Education and Other Essays" composed? | between 1912 and 1927 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
57332e96d058e614000b576e | What is the origin of the title of the book? | The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
57332e96d058e614000b576f | How did Whitehead define "inert ideas"? | ideas that are disconnected scraps of information, with no application to real life or culture | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
57332e96d058e614000b5770 | What was Whitehead's criticism of the use of inert ideas in education? | "education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful." | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an addre... |
57303159a23a5019007fcf51 | Whitehead's education style was to teach what? | a relatively few important concepts | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
57303159a23a5019007fcf52 | What should Whitehead's students organically link due to his teaching methods? | different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
57303159a23a5019007fcf53 | Whitehead believed education should be the opposite of what? | value-free school model | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
573330eb4776f41900660762 | What did Whitehead believe regarding the variety of subjects in education? | Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
573330eb4776f41900660763 | How did Whitehead propose that students would expand their knowledge beyond the subjects taught in school? | important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
573330eb4776f41900660764 | What was Whitehead's general opinion of what the school model should be? | For Whitehead, education should be the exact opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
573330eb4776f41900660765 | What was Whitehead's opinion on the inclusion of values and general principles in education? | it should be transdisciplinary, and laden with values and general principles that provide students with a bedrock of wisdom | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nRather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the ... |
57303233a23a5019007fcf57 | What is the highest Whitehead was trained in philosophy? | undergraduate | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
57303233a23a5019007fcf58 | What did Whitehead consider himself as a philosopher? | rank amateur | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
57303233a23a5019007fcf59 | What is the relationship between Whitehead and Russell? | friend and former student | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
57303233a23a5019007fcf5a | What was Whitehead considered as a metaphysician? | one of the 20th century's foremost metaphysicians. | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
573332b94776f4190066077e | What was the extent of Whitehead's education in philosophy? | he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
573332b94776f4190066077f | With what friend and former student did Whitehead correspond regarding the goals of science? | Bertrand Russell | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
573332b94776f41900660780 | What was Whitehead's opinion of his own knowledge of metaphysics in that correspondence? | "This further question lands us in the ocean of metaphysic, onto which my profound ignorance of that science forbids me to enter." | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
573332b94776f41900660781 | How did Whitehead eventually become regarded in the field of metaphysics? | in later life Whitehead would become one of the 20th century's foremost metaphysicians | [
"Alfred_North_Whitehead\n\nWhitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank am... |
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