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However, fast food meals were still associated with symptoms except for current eczema, and in poorer countries, except for current and severe asthma. "Eating fast food is not healthy for a multitude of reasons," said Samantha Heller, an exercise physiologist and clinical nutrition coordinator at the Center for Cancer ... |
fat, trans fats and refined and processed carbohydrates, and low in essential healthy nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, healthy unsaturated fats and fiber, she said. "I cannot imagine any parent would choose the convenience of fast food over their child's health if they fully understood how deleterious a diet of fa... |
antioxidants and healthy fats are essential players in whole-body immunity. Kids eating fast food regularly are subject not only to the disease-promoting and inflammatory effects of trans and saturated fats, excess sodium and refined carbohydrates but also likely to suffer from deficiencies of essential health-promotin... |
this study suggests, possibly asthma, eczema and colds," she said. Eating at home more often not only saves money but also keeps families healthier, Heller said. "For example, you can make healthy fast-food dishes in your own kitchen, such as black bean veggie burgers on whole-wheat buns with tomato and avocado, mashed... |
she suggested. For more about healthy eating for children, visit the Nemours Foundation. SOURCES: Hywel Williams, Ph.D., professor of dermato-epidemiology, University of Nottingham, U.K.; Samantha Heller, M.S., R.D., exercise physiologist and clinical nutrition coordinator, Center for Cancer Care, Griffin Hospital, Der... |
Roman Catholic priests from the Order of the Sacred Hearts and led by Father Alexis Bachelot, first arrived from Europe in July of 1827. Three priests and three lay brothers |
celebrated the first mass of record on Hawaiian soil on July 14, 1827. Under pressure by American Protestant missionaries, who considered Catholic doctrine a damning religious error, Kamehameha III twice |
expelled the Catholics. When priests reappeared in 1837 and again faced expulsion, the Sandwich Island Gazette newspaper came to the defense of religious freedom. The French in 1839 also brought |
pressure upon the king, and in that year Kamehameha III proclaimed a Declaration of Rights and Edict of Toleration that granted religious toleration throughout the Islands. This was a period |
of fierce verbal attacks between Catholics and Protestants. The Catholic Mission wanted to have its own press. In 1841, it bought the Gazette’s old equipment and set up a print |
shop on the site of the present Our Lady of Peace Cathedral, but Father L. D. Maigret complained to his European superiors: “The Protestants have excellent presses of the new |
kind, while we have only a bad one, the characters of which do not work.” Maigret received a new press from Europe, and in 1852, the first Catholic newspaper appeared, |
Hemoglobin is a crystallizable, conjugated protein consisting of an iron-containing pigment (called heme or hematin) and a simple protein, globin. In the lungs, it combines readily with oxygen to form a loose, unstable compound called oxyhemoglobin, a process called oxygenation. |
In the tissues of the body, where oxygen tension is low and carbon dioxide tension is high, oxyhemoglobin liberates its oxygen in... A Swedish study has shown that teaching type 2 diabetes patients about their disease results in greater decreases |
in the hemoglobin A1c... Read more » You may have been told that you need to lower your LDL (bad) cholesterol levels, and increase your HDL (good) cholesterol levels. While... Read more » So you don’t have diabetes. Should you |
still be worried about having an elevated risk of Alzheimer’s disease? A new study out of the... Read more » Diabetes is much more prevalent in African-Americans than other groups of people, and unfortunately if you already have diabetes you |
are... Read more » Source: ADAM Encyclopedia of ComplicationsHigh Blood Pressure and Heart DiseaseAll patients with diabetes and high blood pressure should adopt lifestyle changes. These include... Read more » |
THURSDAY, July 19 (HealthDay News) -- You may think of your birthday as only being important to your age and the possible presence of candles, cards and cake, but a new study suggests a link between your month of birth and longevity. Researchers found that those who were born between September and November from the yea... |
more likely to reach the 100-year mark than their siblings who were born in March. The study does not prove a cause-and-effect link, just an association. The meaning of the findings is unclear, and a researcher who studies lifespan called them mostly irrelevant to modern times. But, Leonid Gavrilov, from the Center on ... |
wrote the study with his wife, Natalia Gavrilova, said the findings point to the importance of the environment in which a child is conceived and later grows. "We believe that avoiding any potential sources of damage to developing fetus and child may have significant effects on health in later life and longevity," Gavri... |
consequences for health in later life and longevity." The researchers looked at 1,574 centenarians -- people who reached the age of 100 -- in the United States. They found that those people born between September and November had about a 40 percent higher chance of living to 100 than those born in March. Of course, the... |
in 1889-1895 would even reach the century mark was very low to begin with. Of those born in 1900 who were still alive at 50, just a third of 1 percent of men made it to 100, and just shy of 2 percent of women accomplished the feat, Gavrilov said. Why might month of birth -- or month of conception |
-- affect how long someone lives? One possibility is that seasonal diseases played a role, Gavrilov said. S. Jay Olshansky, a professor of public health at the University of Illinois at Chicago who's familiar with the findings, said the study is not newsworthy. "The results are probably valid, but largely irrelevant in... |
months from more than a century ago." Regardless of the month someone was born or conceived, the odds are slim that you'll live to be 100. "This prospect has been rising through the 20th century, but not dramatically," Olshansky said. At best, he said, "this research might offer a partial and extremely small explanatio... |
some people conceived and born more than a century ago lived for 100 years." What does all this mean for your chances of living to 100 if you were born around the fall or -- perhaps less luckily -- in March? Good question -- and one that won't be answered until people around your age start hitting the century mark. |
The study appeared in the Journal of Aging Research. For more about healthy aging, try the U.S. National Library of Medicine. SOURCES: Leonid Gavrilov, Ph.D., research associate, Center on Aging, University of Chicago; S. Jay Olshansky, Ph.D., professor, public health, University of Illinois at Chicago; 2011 Journal of... |
derived from various sources and do not reflect federal policy. healthfinder.gov does not endorse opinions, products, or services that may appear in news stories. For more information on health topics in the news, visit Health News on healthfinder.gov. |
|This is a measure of the brightness of a celestial object. The lower the value, the brighter the object, so magnitude -4 is brighter than magnitude 0, which is in turn brighter than magnitude +4. The scale is logarithmic, and a difference of 5 magnitudes means a brightness difference of exactly 100 times. A difference... |
around 2.51 (the fifth root of 100). The system was started by the ancient Greeks, who divided the stars into one of six magnitude groups with stars of the first magnitude being the first ones to be visible after sunset. In modern times, the scale has been extended in both directions and more strictly defined. Examples... |
- HHMI NEWS - SCIENTISTS & RESEARCH - JANELIA FARM - SCIENCE EDUCATION - RESOURCES & PUBLICATIONS noscripttags. Include a link to bypass the detection if you wish. Investigate the specks, flecks, and particles in the air—with airborne junk detectors you can easily make. Directions are in this activity from |
HHMI’s Cool Science for Curious Kids. Involve children in collecting leaves, rocks, and other natural items, and use the collections to teach children math and science skills. This resource from Oregon State University tells you what to do. Use the insect fact sheet in this middle school curriculum from Clemson |
University to help children identify and classify insects they might find outdoors. Taking a “virtual” field trip is almost as good as being outdoors. Explore a cove forest and a salt marsh with this program from Clemson University. The HHMI Bulletin is now available for your iPad—inspiring stories, beautiful art, |
and MORE. Read. Play. Listen. Learn about the innovative work of biomedical researchers and science educators worldwide supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Look for the FREE app in the iTunes App Store. What Is Cool Science? At Cool Science, we entertain questions of all kinds (Ask a Scientist). |
We encourage young scientists to get their hands dirty-virtually (Curious Kids). We offer high school and college students new approaches to cutting-edge science topics (BioInteractive). We provide educators with a host of innovative resources they can use in their classrooms (For Educators). We reveal what it takes to... |
scientist (Becoming a Scientist). And we showcase an undergraduate science discovery project that may one day change the way science is taught (SEA). We invite you to explore the many cool features of Cool Science. Image: University of Washington Help children study plants and animals in local outdoor settings by |
adapting some of the activities from this curriculum developed by Oregon State University. Use these Yale University activities—which require simple, inexpensive, and easily obtainable materials—to help children learn about volcanoes, magnetism, and other topics. When it’s too hot to be outdoors, educators, older stude... |
< Browse to Previous Essay | Browse to Next Essay > Seattle's Union Station re-opens as Sound Transit headquarters on October 16, 1999. HistoryLink.org Essay 7751 : Printer-Friendly Format On October 16, 1999, Seattle's historic Union Station is formally rededicated as the headquarters of the Sound Transit, the regiona... |
part of a larger project directed by Union Station Associates, LLC, a partnership between Paul Allen's Vulcan Inc. and Nitse-Stagen & Company, developer of the former Sears Building, among other projects. Union Station was built in 1911 as the Oregon & Washington Railroad Station to serve the Union Pacific Railroad and... |
by Amtrak in 1971, and Union Station was vacated except for occasional special events in its vast barrel-roofed waiting room. The facility was the subject of numerous studies for a possible "multi-modal" transportation center for rail, light rail, and bus services. This vision was partially realized with the opening of... |
voters of King, Pierce and Snohomish counties approved creation of a regional transportation agency, Sound Transit, and a $3.9 billion rail and bus plan on November 5, 1996. The board of Sound Transit agreed on June 19, 1998, to locate its executive offices in Union Station. Nitze-Stagen organized the $21-million proje... |
exterior architects, Baugh Construction Co. as the general contractor, Maria Barrientos as project manager for Sound Transit under ST Property Manager Jeri Cranney, and scores of artisans and craftspeople. The building re-opened on the evening of October 16, 1999, with a gala benefit for Historic Seattle and the releas... |
president Paul Miller commented, "We've asked how history will judge us. I see the restored Union Station as a symbol of the answer. We will be remembered by what we as an agency and we as a community can achieve. I believe that at the end of the next century, Union Station will stand as a tribute to a generation that ... |
the transportation problems that threaten our region and acted upon them." Walt Crowley and Heather MacIntosh, The Story of Union Station in Seattle (Seattle: History Ink for Sound Transit, 1999). Travel through time (chronological order): < Browse to Previous Essay Browse to Next Essay > Roads & Rails | Licensing: Thi... |
Credit should be given to both HistoryLink.org and to the author, and sources must be included with any reproduction. Click the icon for more info. Please note that this Creative Commons license applies to text only, and not to images. For more information regarding individual photos or images, please contact the sourc... |
The Battle of Noyon-Montdidier, 9-13 June 1918, was the fourth of General Erich von Ludendorff’s great offensives of the spring and summer of 1918 that came close to breaking the Allied lines on the western front, but instead critically damaged the fighting capacity of the German army. The first and |
third of those offensives (Second Battle of the Somme and Third Battle of the Aisne) had created two giant salients in the Allied lines. The Noyon-Montdidier offensive was designed to link these two saliants. This would straighten out the line and potentially threaten Paris. Two German armies – the Eighteenth |
under General Oskar von Hutier and the Seventh under General Max von Boehn were allocated to the attack. They were opposed by two French armies – the Third under General Georges Humbert and the Tenth under General Charles Mangin. The French also had access to American troops, who would play |
a part in defeating the offensive. The French had sufficient warning of the German attack. On 9 June the German Eighteenth Army attacked the French Third Army from the north. Its attack was disrupted by a French counter-bombardment, but was still able to make some progress, although not on the |
same scale as in the earlier offensives. The German Seventh Army joined the offensive on 10 June, attacking the French Tenth Army from the east. This attack failed to make any significant progress. The two armies were meant to meet at Compiègne, but only Hutier made any progress towards the |
rendezvous. On 11 June the French and Americans launched a counter attack which pushed the Germans back from their most advanced positions. On 13 June the battle came to an end. It was a clear German failure, and was a clear sign that the German army was wearing down. It |
would launch one more offensive, on the Marne in mid July, but that would soon be followed by the great Allied counterattacks that would push the German armies back towards the French border. ||Save this on Delicious| Help - F.A.Q. - Contact Us - Search - Recent - About Us |
Standardized testing is a necessary part of admission to all types of pre-health programs. Each pre-health specialty has its own required examination. Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) is a standardized, multiple-choice examination designed to assess the examinee's problem ... |
reported in Verbal Reasoning, Physical Sciences, Writing Sample, and Biological Sciences. Medical colleges consider MCAT scores as part of their admission process. Almost all U.S. medical schools require applicants to submit MCAT scores. Many schools do not accept MCAT scores that are more than three years old. Optomet... |
Test (OAT) for applicants seeking admission to schools and colleges of optometry. The testing program is designed to measure general academic ability and comprehension of scientific information. Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT) The Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT) is a specialized test administered by the A... |
academic ability and scientific knowledge necessary for the commencement of pharmaceutical education. Dental Admission Test (DAT) The Dental Admission Test (DAT) is conducted by the American Dental Association and has been in operation on a national basis since 1950. The DAT is administered on computer on almost any da... |
scientific information and perceptual ability. The GRE is the standardized exam required by most US veterinary schools and all masters in public health programs, physical therapy programs and occupational therapy programs. Most of these educational programs require only the general test, which is tailored to your perfo... |
test measures verbal, quantitative and analytical reasoning skills that have been developed over a long period of time and are not necessarily related to any particular field. A few require the Writing assessment, which measures your proficiency in critical reasoning and writing. Additionally, a few veterinary schools ... |
Editorial: Why Japan's Electricity Crisis Matters You may not read about it on the front page of the newspapers, but Japan is undergoing a second electricity crisis. The first took place last spring and summer after the Fukushima earthquake, tsunami, and subsequent meltdown of multiple nuclear power plants. That power ... |
and it has implications for the United States (and the world) at many different levels. From an energy perspective, Japan is (at least temporarily) abandoning nuclear power—30% of its generating capacity—and replacing it with conservation and still-to-be-determined alternative sources. No country has faced such a rapid... |
nuclear (or perhaps even coal). In the short run, Japan has switched to older oil- and gas-fired power plants, leading to a jump in oil and liquified natural gas (LNG) imports. Those increased imports have nudged up the prices you pay for oil and gasoline. Ironically, the facilities that the United States was building ... |
LNG to Japan and other countries hungry for clean fuels. That’s another reason natural gas prices in the United States won’t fall as much as you may have been led to believe. Electricity conservation will also be used to balance the grid in the short term, and it is this aspect of the crisis that should most interest H... |
shortages were concentrated in Tokyo, and Tokyo residents successfully cut demand by almost 15%. This year, nearly all regions of Japan will have inadequate capacity during the summer peak, though ironically, Tokyo is in the best shape this year. Watch for blackouts in Kansai. The responses to last year’s shortage are ... |
and commercial customers scrambled to cut demand while maintaining high-quality illumination. Tokyoites were willing to pay a premium because they were more concerned about meeting their target reductions than about finding cost-effective solutions. As a result, increased sales have pulled LED prices down the cost curv... |
as important, fixture designers have been linking those LEDs to wireless controls in ways that adjust output to actual lighting needs. Japan now expects to fully replace CFLs by 2030, with a large fraction of illumination supplied by an entirely new technology—organic LEDs. To save air-conditioning energy and peak powe... |
in Tokyo have developed new textiles and clothing styles to help the Japanese keep their cool at higher indoor temperatures. Those highly breathable fabrics will no doubt soon appear in American specialty stores and then perhaps in Walmart. Japanese consumers are also buying PV to reduce their demand for grid-supplied ... |
eventually see new types of installations or components. Japanese utilities typically require PV users to install batteries; this raises the price but it is also stimulating different types of PV packages and connected appliances. There are dozens of other energy-saving gadgets, ranging from clever to silly, some of wh... |
nuclear or a renewables solution. The central government and industry leaders believe in nuclear power as the only feasible choice, while much of the public has lost faith in the utilities and the institutions that regulate them. Many of the same trends are visible in the United States. But one thing is clear: The Japa... |
Analyzing Combustion Analyzers Just talking about CO can be confusing. Although the terms used in this article are defined in the sidebar (see “Terminology”), CO can be deadly, and so I want to emphasize the basic information. Test equipment can provide great information, but only if the operator understands what that ... |
difference between ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and CO air free or COAF (also known as CO undiluted and undiluted CO), which is a value calculated either manually or by the combustion analyzer. Ambient CO is the CO that is in the air that occupants breathe. Ambient CO should be measured and monitored during the entire ... |
protect the health and safety of the occupants and the analysts. COAF is the CO that is present during the incomplete burning of the fuel in a combustion appliance. COAF comes from the combustion process and is generally measured before the exhaust gases have a chance to combine with dilution air introduced into the ve... |
most home assessments (including BPI), the probe of the analyzer must be inserted into the heating appliance exhaust air, before or upstream of the draft diverter, so that the CO will not have combined with dilution air. This will provide what BPI defines as an undiluted sample. The COAF value on the combustion analyze... |
insert the probe in the correct location in the combustion appliance. Most of the product manuals describe how to accomplish this. Another serious issue that we should address is the effect of nitrogen oxides (primarily NO and NO2) on the COAF reading. The electrochemical sensors that are used in these devices are targ... |
other gases, such as nitrogen oxides. This may generate an additive output, giving an elevated reading of CO. The Testo 327-1 described below has a nitrogen oxide filter built into it. Bacharach advises adding nitrogen oxide filter or NOx scrubber to the input, and one can be added to the UEI input hose as well. (See “... |
for more on the benefit of a NOx scrubber.) Combustion analyzers were developed for boiler and furnace technicians, who use the information to adjust the appliance properly, and the analyzers provide a great deal of information—most of which is not required by BPI, RESNET, or most weatherization protocols. This article... |
If you’re not a trained boiler or furnace technician, you should not be adjusting the performance of the appliance or passing information along to the homeowner that you don’t fully understand. Get the necessary COAF value and move on, and if you have doubts, record the CO, COAF, and oxygen values. A combustion analyze... |
money and in the time it takes to learn how to use it. You can get a CO sample with a basic device like the Bacharach Monoxor III, which costs $515; and you can also get a CO sample with a combustion analyzer from Nova Analytical that costs $5,265 (a product not described here). Before you invest in any of |
these devices, you need to think about what information you need now, and what information you might need in the future. One other format note: I have used all upper case letters for control identification like ON/OFF or HOLD to differentiate control names from the article text. I have used italics for screen term iden... |
(You can find a summary of information about each device I reviewed in Table 1.) Bacharach Monoxor III The Monoxor III is a simple device for measuring CO. It does not provide information on stack temperature, CO2, efficiency, or many of the other readings that are useful to a combustion appliance repair technician, bu... |
of home assessment technicians. Unfortunately it does not provide an oxygen reading, so it cannot be used to calculate a COAF value. The Monoxor III is simple to set up. Install four AA batteries, connect the flue gas hose, check the water trap and filter assembly for pollutants, and turn the analyzer on (in fresh air)... |
set to Manual Zero, it takes 10 seconds to warm up (60 seconds if it’s set to Auto Zero). When the unit is turned on, the display screen will first read the software revision level as rEu X.XX, which is then replaced by a countdown, which is finally replaced by the CO screen reading in ppm. The ˆ (Up) and |
ˇ (Down) buttons are only used to calibrate the analyzer. The HOLD button freezes the display and stops the pump. The ENTER button restarts testing after the HOLD button has been pressed. The LIGHT button controls the backlight, and the I/O button turns the analyzer on and off. The Monoxor III will turn itself off afte... |
inactivity unless the detected level of CO is above 50 ppm. The backlight automatically turns off after 10 minutes of keyboard inactivity. When the Monoxor III is used for testing ambient CO, the hose and probe assembly can be disconnected. Note that if the HOLD button has been pressed, there is no screen indication of... |
pump will be off, saving the battery and making the unit quieter. But it won’t be taking readings. During a test, the analyzer should be held above the water trap and filter, keeping the trap in a vertical position to optimize its effectiveness. Flue gas condensate is acidic and very corrosive. It should remain in any ... |
as short a time as possible. It is advisable to calibrate the Monoxor III every six months to ensure its accuracy. Cylinders of CO and a calibration kit can be purchased from Bacharach for this purpose, or the unit can be sent back to Bacharach. Note that calibration, CO sensor replacement, and pump replacement are all... |
the manual that comes with the analyzer. A NOx scrubber could (and in my opinion, should) be added to the hose to reduce elevated readings. This is a simple and basic unit that can provide an ambient CO value. Inserted in the proper place in the flue, it will provide a CO value but it will not be a COAF |
value. It is not ideal as a personal safety device because it has no alarms. But it may be a great starting place for a moderately priced way to take both required CO readings. An infrared printer is available from Bacharach, but the basic analyzer comes with a hard carrying case, hose, and manual. Bacharach Fyrite Tec... |
these exhaust gas components: O2, stack temperature, ambient temperature, and CO. Then it uses that information to calculate steady-state combustion efficiency, CO2, excess air, and CO air free. It is a true starter combustion analyzer; it’s not meant to be used as an ambient CO monitor for personal safety. As the manu... |
audible alarm, and is not intended to be used as a safety device.” The input hose and the thermocouple connect to the bottom of the analyzer. On the front panel there are a two-line display and six control push buttons. These buttons turn the analyzer on and off, scroll up and down through the display screens, enter th... |
toggle the backlight on and off, and hold or freeze the display. (The HOLD button will also turn off the pump.) For performing COAF analysis, the probe should be in fresh air when the analyzer is turned on, despite the confusing line in the instructions that says the “probe must be located in the area containing the bu... |
supply,” by which they mean “fresh air.” If you choose to set the fuel, F1 displayed on the screen equals natural gas, F2 equals #2 oil, F3 equals propane, and F4 equals kerosene. After turning the analyzer on and allowing it to warm up in fresh air, insert the probe into the correct location on the combustion applianc... |
the COAF reading. The accompanying manual provides graphics of a variety of appliances, showing where the probe should be inserted on each one. The display screen will display CO in ppm on the top line and percent O2 on the bottom line. Scrolling through the other display screens will provide stack temperature, efficie... |
the test is finished, if the CO level is above 50 ppm, the analyzer will not turn off. The pump continues to run and the screen displays PUr6 CO (which looks sort of like purge CO) until the level drops below 50 ppm. The purging process can be bypassed by pressing the ON/OFF switch a second time. Like the Monoxor |
III, the Tech60 comes with complete instructions for calibrating and replacing the filter and sensors at the back of the manual. A NOx scrubber could be added to reduce elevated readings. Kits are available that include the infrared printer, hard case, and a protective rubber “boot” or sleeve. Did This at Home I tested... |
327-1 on my own oil-fired boiler. The majority of measurements from the two analyzers were very similar. The COAF readings differed, however. The Testo 327-1 measured 6 ppm and the UEI C75 measured 37 ppm CO. When I added a NOx scrubber to the UEI C75 hose, the CO reading dropped to 5 ppm, clearly indicating to me the ... |
for the NOx scrubber. I have repeated these tests in other houses with the Bacharach combustion analyzer, and have had similar results. In my case, neither of the original readings posed a problem, but in other circumstances these variations could cause the appliance to be out of tolerance. At 26 ppm, for example, the ... |
that the CO problem be fixed.” This might mean calling a service technician to service a problem that doesn’t exist, resulting in an unnecessary cost to the homeowner. The low additional cost of adding a NOx scrubber makes it prudent to do so. The UEI C75 combustion analyzer measures O2, CO, and flue temperature and us... |
CO2, steady-state combustion efficiency, CO air free, and the amount of excess air. The temperature sensor and the flue gas probe plug into sockets in the bottom of the analyzer. On the face of the unit, there are a two-line display, four buttons, and a selector dial. The buttons allow the operator to turn the unit on ... |
the backlight, use the optional printer, turn the internal pump on and off, and hold the readings. The analyzer in its protective covering is relatively heavy, and the pump is also somewhat noisy, but the pump can be shut off with the push of a button, although it won’t be taking readings when the pump is off. With the... |
off, the C75 beeps occasionally to let you know that it is not able to do its job. Although this analyzer could be used to take ambient CO readings without its hose, it is a bit much to lug around. It does have strong magnets on the back of the covering that allow it to be attached to the side |
of most combustion appliances. An optional infrared printer is available. The selector dial allows the operator to read any of the parameters that the C75 can measure. In the case of basic energy audits, the dial can be set to O2/CO and the O2 and ambient CO or COAF can be clearly read. So charge up the batteries (or i... |
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