text stringlengths 59 1.12k |
|---|
Board of Governors and five of the district bank presidents. Something a person or organization plans to achieve in the future; an aim or desired result. Tangible objects that satisfy economic wants. Spending by all levels of government on goods and services; includes categories like military, schools and roads. Indivi... |
productive resources (as resource owners). Payments earned by households for selling or renting their productive resources. May include salaries, wages, interest and dividends. A rise in the general or average price level of all the goods and services produced in an economy. Can be caused by pressure from the demand si... |
market (cost-push inflation). Money paid regularly, at a particular rate, for the use of borrowed money. The quantity and quality of human effort available to produce goods and services. The amount of money that people pay when they buy a good or service; the amount they receive when they sell a good or service. The we... |
services in an economy; used to calculate inflation. People and firms that use resources to make goods and services. A good or service that can be used to satisfy a want. A process of manufacturing, growing, designing, or otherwise using productive resources to create goods or services used to to satisfy a want. Goods,... |
person does not reduce the quantity of the good available for others to use, and for which consumption cannot be limited to those who pay for the good. The amount of goods and services that a monetary unit of income can buy. A decline in the rate of national economic activity, usually measured by a decline in real GDP ... |
quarters (i.e., six months). Money set aside for a future use that is held in easily-accessed accounts, such as savings accounts and certificates of deposit (CDs). Activities performed by people, firms or government agencies to satisfy economic wants. Use money now to buy goods and services. Standard of Living The leve... |
adequacy of necessities and comforts of daily life. Compulsory payments to governments by households and businesses. An abstract measure of the satisfaction consumers derive from consuming goods and services. Payments for labor services that are directly tied to time worked, or to the number of units of output produced... |
Rainy Day Painting Create your very own creepy, haunted castle sitting in a turbulent field of flowing grass, eerily surrounded by dark, ominous clouds. Fireworks are such an exciting part of part of summer festivities, but it's sad when the show is over. Keep them alive all year long with |
watercolor fireworks. Show your high schooler how to celebrate Mary Cassatt, an Impressionist painter, by creating a mother-child painting in her style. Put your individual fingerprint on the 100th Day of School (literally!) with this activity. Show your preschooler how to make a print of a butterfly using her hand |
as a tool--a great way to stimulate her sense of touch. Use marbles and paint to explore the wild world of shapes and color...and build kindergarten writing strength, too. Introduce your kindergartener to some art history by showing him how to create an everyday object print, Andy Warhol-style. Celebrate the |
changing seasons with this fun, hands-on art activity that will teach your child about the different colors of the seasons. Help your preschooler begin reading and writing the printed word by connecting simple letter recognition exercises with this easy art project: alphabet trees! |
Twenty Ideas for Engaging ProjectsSeptember 12, 2011 | Suzie Boss The start of the school year offers an ideal time to introduce students to project-based learning. By starting with engaging |
projects, you'll grab their interest while establishing a solid foundation of important skills, such as knowing how to conduct research, engage experts, and collaborate with peers. In honor of Edutopia's |
20th anniversary, here are 20 project ideas to get learning off to a good start. 1. Flat Stanley Refresh: Flat Stanley literacy projects are perennial favorites for inspiring students to |
communicate and connect, often across great distances. Now Flat Stanley has his own apps for iPhone and iPad, along with new online resources. Project founder Dale Hubert is recently retired |
from the classroom, but he's still generating fresh ideas to bring learning alive in the "flatlands." 2. PBL is No Accident: In West Virginia, project-based learning has been adopted as |
a statewide strategy for improving teaching and learning. Teachers don't have to look far to find good project ideas. In this CNN story about the state's educational approach, read about |
a project that grew out of a fender-bender in a school parking lot. When students were asked to come up with a better design for the lot, they applied their |
understanding of geometry, civics, law, engineering, and public speaking. Find more good ideas in West Virginia's Teach21 project library. 3. Defy Gravity: Give your students a chance to investigate what |
happens near zero gravity by challenging them to design an experiment for NASA to conduct at its 2.2 second drop tower in Brookpark, Ohio. Separate NASA programs are offered for |
middle school and high school. Or, propose a project that may land you a seat on the ultimate roller coaster (aka: the "vomit comet"), NASA aircraft that produces periods of |
micro and hyper gravity ranging from 0 to 2 g's. Proposal deadline is Sept. 21, and flight week takes place in February 2012. 4. Connect Across Disciplines: When students design |
and build kinetic sculptures, they expand their understanding of art, history, engineering, language arts, and technology. Get some interdisciplinary project insights from the Edutopia video, Kinetic Conundrum. Click on the |
accompanying links for more tips about how you can do it, too. 5. Honor Home Languages: English language learners can feel pressured to master English fast, with class time spent |
correcting errors instead of using language in meaningful ways. Digital IS, a site published by the National Writing Project, shares plans for three projects that take time to honor students' |
home languages and cultures, engaging them in critical thinking, collaboration, and use of digital tools. Anne Herrington and Charlie Moran curate the project collection, "English Language Learners, Digital Tools, and |
Authentic Audiences." 6. Rethink Lunch: Make lunch into a learning opportunity with a project that gets students thinking more critically about their mid-day meal. Center for Ecoliteracy offers materials to |
help you start, including informative including informative essays and downloadable planning guides. Get more ideas from this video about a middle-school nutrition project, "A Healthy School Lunch." 7. Take a |
Learning Expedition: Expeditionary Learning schools take students on authentic learning expeditions, often in neighborhoods close to home. Check out the gallery for project ideas about everything from the tools people |
use in their work to memories of the Civil Rights Movement. 8. Find a Pal: If PBL is new to you, consider joining an existing project. You'll benefit from a |
veteran colleague's insights, and your students will get a chance to collaborate with classmates from other communities or even other countries. Get connected at ePals, a global learning community for |
educators from more than 200 countries. 9. Get Minds Inquiring: What's under foot? What are things made of? Science projects that emphasize inquiry help students make sense of their world |
and build a solid foundation for future understanding. The Inquiry Project supports teachers in third to fifth grades as they guide students in hands-on investigations about matter. Students develop the |
habits of scientists as they make observations, offer predictions, and gather evidence. Companion videos show how scientists use the same methods to explore the world. Connect inquiry activities to longer-term |
projects, such as creating a classroom museum that showcases students' investigations. 10. Learn through Service: When cases of the West Nile virus were reported in their area, Minnesota students sprang |
into action with a project that focused on preventing the disease through public education. Their project demonstrates what can happen when service-learning principles are built into PBL. Find more ideas |
for service-learning projects from the National Youth Leadership Council. 11. Locate Experts: When students are learning through authentic projects, they often need to connect with experts from the world outside |
the classroom. Find the knowledgeable experts you need for STEM projects through the National Lab Network. It's an online network where K-12 educators can locate experts from the fields of |
science, technology, engineering and mathematics. 12. Build Empathy: Projects that help students see the world from another person's perspective build empathy along with academic outcomes. The Edutopia video, "Give Me |
Shelter", shows what compassionate learning looks like in action. Click on the companion links for more suggestions about how you can do it, too. 13. Investigate Climate Science: Take students |
on an investigation of climate science by joining the newest collaborative project hosted by GLOBE, Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment. The Student Climate Research Campaign includes three |
components: introductory activities to build a foundation of understanding, intensive observing periods when students around the world gather and report data, and research investigations that students design and conduct. Climate |
project kicks off Sept. 12. 14. Problem-Solvers Unite: Math fairs take mathematics out of the classroom and into the community, where everyone gets a chance to try their hand at |
problem solving. Galileo Educational Network explains how to host a math fair. In a nutshell, students set up displays of their math problems but not the solutions. Then they entice |
their parents and invited guests to work on solutions. Make the event even more engaging by inviting mathematicians to respond to students' problems. 15. Harvest Pennies : Can small things |
really add up to big results? It seems so, based on results of the Penny Harvest. Since the project started in New York in 1991, young philanthropists nationwide have raised |
and donated more than $8 million to charitable causes, all through penny drives. The project website explains how to organize students in philanthropy roundtables to study community issues and decide |
which causes they want to support. 16. Gather Stories: Instead of teaching history from textbooks, put students in the role of historian and help them make sense of the past. |
Learn more about how to plan oral history projects in the Edutopia story, "Living Legends." Teach students about the value of listening by having them gather stories for StoryCorps. 17. |
Angry Bird Physics: Here's a driving question to kickstart a science project: "What are the laws of physics in Angry Birds world?" Read how physics teachers like Frank Noschese and |
John Burk are using the web version of the popular mobile game in their classrooms. 18. Place-Based Projects: Make local heritage, landscapes, and culture the jumping-off point for compelling projects. |
That's the idea behind place-based education, which encourages students to look closely at their communities. Often, they wind up making significant contributions to their communities, as seen in the City |
of Stories project. 19. News They Can Use: Students don't have to wait until they're grown-ups to start publishing. Student newspapers, radio stations, and other journalism projects give them real-life |
experiences now. Award-winning journalism teacher Esther Wojcicki outlines the benefits this post on the New York Times Learning Network. Get more ideas about digital-age citizen journalism projects at MediaShift Idea |
Lab. 20. The Heroes They Know: To get acquainted with students at the start of the year and also introduce students to PBL processes, High Tech High teacher Diana Sanchez |
asked students to create a visual and textual representation of a hero in their own life. Their black-and-white exhibits were a source of pride to students, as Sanchez explains in |
her project reflection . Get more ideas from the project gallery at High Tech High, a network of 11 schools in San Diego County that emphasize PBL. To learn more, |
watch this Edutopia video interview with High Tech High founding principal Larry Rosenstock. Please tell us about the projects you are planning for this school year. Questions about PBL? Draw |
Nutrition has a big impact on health, including major diseases such as heart disease, osteoporosis, and cancer. Our work is designed to help people keep track of the nutrional content of foods they have eaten. Our work uses shopping receipts |
to generate suggestions about healthier food items that could help to supplement missing nutrients. Our application, based on shopping receipt data, provides access to ambiguous suggestions for more nutritious purchases. Our goal is to contribute a better understanding of how |
a sensor-based application can be integrated in everyday life. To do this, we chose an approach that can easily be replicated for many users, deployed, and tested for months at a time. We are currently in the process of conducting |
a diary study that can provide data on which we can train our prediction algorithms. We conducted a formative user study that suggested that receipts may provide enough information to extend our work by also estimating what people are actually |
Description from Flora of China Lianas large, herbaceous or woody. Inflorescences extra-axillary, umbel-like or short racemelike, occasionally branched, shorter than leaves, usually few flowered. Flowers large. Calyx without glands. Corolla subrotate; lobes overlapping to right. Corona shallowly cupular, inserted at ba... |
U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis Today in Energy The Strait of Hormuz (shown in the oval on the map), which is located between Oman |
and Iran, connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. Hormuz is the world's most important oil chokepoint due to its daily oil flow of |
almost 17 million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2011, up from between 15.5-16.0 million bbl/d in 2009-2010. Flows through the Strait in 2011 were roughly 35% of all seaborne traded |
oil, or almost 20% of oil traded worldwide. On average, 14 crude oil tankers per day passed through the Strait in 2011, with a corresponding amount of empty tankers entering |
to pick up new cargos. More than 85% of these crude oil exports went to Asian markets, with Japan, India, South Korea, and China representing the largest destinations. At its |
narrowest point, the Strait is 21 miles wide, but the width of the shipping lane in either direction is only two miles, separated by a two-mile buffer zone. The Strait |
is deep and wide enough to handle the world's largest crude oil tankers, with about two-thirds of oil shipments carried by tankers in excess of 150,000 deadweight tons. Several alternatives |
are potentially available to move oil from the Persian Gulf region without transiting Hormuz, but they are limited in capacity, in many cases are not currently operating or operable, and |
generally engender higher transport costs and logistical challenges. - Alternate routes include the 745-mile Petroline, also known as the East-West Pipeline, across Saudi Arabia from Abqaiq to the Red Sea. |
The East-West Pipeline has a nameplate capacity of about 5 million bbl/d, with current movements estimated at about 2 million bbl/d. - The Abqaiq-Yanbu natural gas liquids pipeline, which runs |
parallel to the Petroline to the Red Sea, has a 290,000-bbl/d capacity. - Additional oil could also be pumped north via the Iraq-Turkey pipeline to the port of Ceyhan on |
the Mediterranean Sea, but volumes have been limited by the closure of the Strategic Pipeline linking north and south Iraq. - The United Arab Emirates is also completing the 1.5 |
million bbl/d Abu Dhabi Crude Oil Pipeline that will cross the emirate of Abu Dhabi and end at the port of Fujairah just south of the Strait. - Other alternate |
routes could include the deactivated 1.65-million bbl/d Iraqi Pipeline across Saudi Arabia (IPSA) and the deactivated 0.5 million-bbl/d Tapline to Lebanon. EIA's World Oil Transit Chokepoints analysis brief contains additional |
German military use laser to destroy targets over half-a-mile away High-energy laser passes various tests with Germany-based Rheinmetall Defense has demonstrated a 50kW, high-energy laser at their ground facility in |
Switzerland. According to representatives from the company, the device passed all target tests with “flying High-energy laser system designed by While we’re still a bit away from the sort of |
shootouts we see in popular science-fiction flicks, the demonstration of this sort of weaponry is impressive How it works The Rheinmetall laser system isn’t a single laser; rather, it’s composed |
of two separate laser modules mounted on a Revolver Gun air defense turrets and attached to additional power modules. The laser modules themselves are 30kW and 20kW, respectively, and a |
Beam Superimposing Technology combines them, focusing the lights’ energy in a “superimposed, cumulative manner” for the sole purpose of obliterating its target(s). In one test, the laser system sliced through |
a half-inch thick steel girder from a little more than a half-mile away. Next, from a distance of approximately one-and-a-quarter miles, the system shot down a bunch of drones as |
they nose-dived toward the surface at a rate of 50m/s. Specific to this test, the system’s radar was able to actually track the drones through their descent at a distance |
of two and a half miles. The last test the system performed was perhaps its most impressive. The weapon was able to focus in on and destroy a steel ball |
with an 82mm diameter traveling at 50m/s. Beyond demonstrating a high level of accuracy, the purpose of this demonstrate was to simulate how well the laser could handle an incoming |
mortar round. Representatives from Rheinmetall say that the laser system will reduce the time required for counter rocket, artillery, and mortar measures to just a couple of seconds — even |
in difficult weather circumstances. As a matter of fact, the weather during the aforementioned tests featured a wide array of typical Swiss-based weather patterns, including ice, rain, snow, and extremely |
bright sunlight. Looking forward to the immediate future, the company plans to test a 60kW “technology demonstrator”: the quotes are purposeful here, as this new system will feature a couple |
of different technologies coming together in one unit. This includes 35mm Ahead Revolver Guns, which will allow the company to explore ways in which a laser and automatic canon can |
be used together. Looking a bit further down the road, Rheinmetall’s ultimate goal is to get their technology to a 100kW laser, and to make these systems mobile, where they |
can be mounted onto an armored vehicle so that they can be operated in the After successfully testing a 50kW laser system, Rheinmetall Defense will look to next develop a |
1. Linguistic Background The languages that are currently spoken in the Pacific region can be divided broadly into three groups: the Australian and New Guinean languages formed by people who |
participated in the region’s earliest migrations over a period of 20,000-30,000 years starting several tens of thousands of years ago, and the Austronesian languages spoken by Mongoloid people who migrated |
from the Asian continent around 3,000 B.C. The region has numerous languages, including 250 Aboriginal languages in Australia and 750 Papuan languages on the island of New Guinea (including the |
Indonesian territory of Irian Jaya) and neighboring areas. There are also 350 Austronesian languages in Melanesia, 20 in Polynesia, 12 in Micronesia and 100 in New Guinea (Comrie, Matthews, and |
Polinsky 1996). There is wide variation not only among language groups, but also among the families of languages. Few language families have been identified among the languages of Australia and |
New Guinea using the methods of comparative linguistics. Pacific languages are also characterized by the small size of speaker populations and by the absence of dominant languages. However, there are |
usually bilingual people who can speak or at least understand the languages of neighboring populations, and it is believed that this situation has existed for a long time. In terms |
of cultural factors, it appears that the diversification of languages in the Pacific region was accelerated by the emblematic function of language in the creation of a clear distinction between |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.