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each other and stay that way, possibly bouncing backwards (an exact head-on collision). Even if the cars are identical, if the engines are not in the center but more to |
one side, corresponding parts of the cars will not hit each other and the result could be a spinning, twisting wreck after the head-on collision. We'll assume this doesn't happen. |
Assuming these things, then the force as a function of time for a driver in one of the cars will be the same for the head-on collision as it is |
for the stationary wall. The reason is that because the collision is symmetrical, and the cars do not penetrate into each other, their pieces as they deform stay on one |
side of an imaginary wall separating them. This is even true in the morbid case (but altogether too common when the drivers forget to wear their seatbelts) that the driver |
is thrown through the windshield (as he probably will be at 100 mph!) and hit either the other driver coming the other way (I said things weren't off-center!) or the |
solid wall. In fact, the car crash tests that are done to simulate a head-on impact with an identical car are simulated in exactly this way, with a fixed wall, |
in order to halve the cost of the test. In a real collsion, cars bounce, slide over each other, skid and spin, and parts of one car do penetrate into |
the space normally occupied by the other car, and so the collision with the other car will probably be less hard on the driver than the collision with the solid |
In the January and March issues of Veterinary Medicine, we discussed several local and regional anesthetic techniques to help in the analgesic management of patients. This article discusses techniques associated with oral surgery—blocking the infraorbital and maxillary nerves in the |
maxilla and the mental and mandibular (inferior alveolar) nerves in the mandible. Appropriately applied nerve blocks can reduce nociceptive input, thereby facilitating preemptive and multimodal analgesia and potentially reducing a patient's inhalant anesthetic and postoperative analgesic requirements. Look for the |
final part of this series, which will cover epidural anesthesia and analgesia, later INDICATIONS AND COMPLICATIONS The trigeminal nerve and ganglion carry nociceptive input from the head to the brainstem. The trigeminal nerve has three branches: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular. |
Infraorbital, maxillary, mental, and mandibular (inferior alveolar) nerve blocks provide anesthesia to the upper or lower jaw and are commonly performed in practice for dental extractions. These blocks are also used for any surgical procedure of the upper or lower |
jaw (Table 1). Table 1: Indications and Drug Dosages for Infraorbital, Maxillary, Mental, and Mandibular (Inferior Alveolar) Nerve Blocks in Dogs and Cats. Note: In the Dosages column, the drug doses are the total maximum dose, to be divided among |
all injection sites. These blocks can be difficult to perform in obese and brachycephalic animals because the landmarks are more challenging to palpate. Possible complications of infraorbital, maxillary, mental, and mandibular (inferior alveolar) blocks include trauma to the nerve, resulting |
in neurapraxia, and inadvertent intravenous or intra-arterial injection of local anesthetic; retrobulbar hemorrhage could occur with the infraorbital block. As for all local and regional anesthesia techniques, aspiration before injection is imperative to avoid intravenous or intra-arterial injection. DRUGS AND |
PREPARATION The local anesthetics used most commonly in these blocks are 2% lidocaine, 0.5% bupivacaine, or a combination of both (Table 1). Onset of anesthesia with 2% lidocaine occurs in five to 10 minutes and lasts for about one to |
one-and-a-half hours. The duration of anesthesia can be extended up to two hours by adding epinephrine to the lidocaine (0.1 ml of 1:1,000 [0.1 mg] epinephrine per 20 ml of local anesthetic). Onset of anesthesia with bupivacaine occurs in 20 |
to 30 minutes and lasts for about four to six hours. The combination of lidocaine and bupivacaine results in a more rapid onset but may reduce the duration of anesthesia. Adding an opioid increases the efficacy and prolongs the duration |
of analgesia with the blocks. With these blocks, the needle is usually inserted percutaneously, but the infraorbital and mental blocks may be performed through the oral mucosa, depending on patient anatomy. Sterile preparation of the area is not usually performed, |
but a sterile needle and syringe must be used. INFRAORBITAL AND MAXILLARY NERVE BLOCKS Blocking the infraorbital nerve, the continuation of the maxillary nerve, as it exits the infraorbital foramen (Figure 1, A) anesthetizes the upper lip, nose, roof of |
the nasal cavity, and skin as far caudal as the infraorbital foramen. The maxillary incisors are inconsistently blocked with this technique, particularly in dogs.1-3 1. The position of the needles to block the maxillary nerve in dogs and cats. Local |
anesthetic administration at the infraorbital foramen (A) will provide anesthesia rostral to the foramen. Local anesthetic administration where the maxillary nerve courses perpendicular to the palatine bone, between the maxillary foramen and the foramen rotundum (B), will provide anesthesia to |
the entire upper jaw, including the teeth, on one side. This block should be performed cautiously in brachycephalic dogs and cats (e.g. Himalayans, Persians) because of the proximity of the orbit to the foramen and the potential for penetrating the |
globe. Retrobulbar hemorrhage leading to proptosis is a potential complication of this technique. To desensitize the infraorbital branch of the maxillary nerve at its point of emergence from the infraorbital foramen, insert a 25- to 29-ga needle, either percutaneously or |
through the buccal mucosa, into the foramen, which is usually found dorsal to the third premolar, and advance it 1 to 2 mm. Elevate the head, aspirate before injection, and apply digital pressure over the foramen as you slowly inject |
the local anesthetic to facilitate its movement caudally into the foramen, causing more effective nerve blockade. Advancing the needle farther into the foramen is not recommended because this increases the chance of lacerating To anesthetize the entire upper jaw, including |
all of the teeth, block the maxillary nerve where it courses perpendicular to the palatine bone, between the maxillary foramen and the foramen rotundum (Figure 1, B).2,3 Insert the needle through the skin at a 90-degree angle, in a medial |
direction, ventral to the border of the zygomatic arch and about 0.5 cm caudal to the lateral canthus, and then advance it toward the pterygopalatine fossa. Frequently, the needle will contact the ramus of the mandible; if you do so, |
ICT Enhanced Learning and Teaching When planning our unit on "Learning about my local community" I wanted the students to gain knowledge of what places are in their local community that anybody can go to. We went on a drive with each student having a digital camera to take photos of the places they knew in the local Mt Roskill |
community. We also took photos of other places that anybody can go to in the community. They of course took many photos. We then took these photos and uploaded them to Vuvox, an online collage maker. Using the interactive whiteboard the students worked collaboratively together to choose which photos to go into the collage, edited the photos and made a |
collage which they called; Mt Roskill Community, Places where you can go... When choosing which technology to use I was aware that the reason to use a piece of technology is not because that piece of technology does fun things and looks flashy but because it will change teaching and learning as a result of using it. The aim of |
using Vuvox was to assist the students to learn and remember the places in the community where anybody can go. I decided to use this tool because the students I work with are visual learners and through encouraging reflective thought and collaboration they made a collage that assisted them to learn. The next week when I asked the students “where |
can we all go in our local community” collectively they were able to recall them all. I have never had this happen before without me prompting the students. I attribute this to the complete process we went through to make our vuvux collage. Add a Comment |
Excerpt From 'Nationalism And Distortions In Indian History' By Dr. N.S. Rajaram Chapter I Culture and nationalism Introduction: struggle for nationhood Why bring back foreign rule? Always looking outside India Nationalism or colonialism by proxy? Decadent elite, incapable of leadership Nationalism and spiritualism Chapter II Distortions in Indian history Introduction: roots of distortion Ancient India: Age of freedom and synthesis Unity of India is |
of untold antiquity Medieval India: Dark Age and conflict The Freedom Movement Independent India: dynastic blunders Nehru and the China-Tibet blunder Kargil and its lessons Corruption of national institutions What should be done? Back to Contents Page Back to VOI Books Back to Home |
Red families vs. blue families Today’s culture wars are framed largely around family values. Red families and blue families each hold true to their beliefs and admit little room for compromise. But what are the differences between the two sides and how are they expressed? Naomi Cahn and June Carbone investigate the question in their book "Red Families v. Blue |
Families: Legal Polarization and the Creation of Culture," published by Oxford University Press. The distinctions are revealed especially in the way each side views sex, marriage and divorce. Blue families have adapted to the post-industrial economy and its resulting social changes while red families tend to lag in the new economy and resist the reshaping of values. Cahn is a |
professor of law at George Washington University Law School, and Carbone holds the chair of law, the constitution and society at the University of Missouri at Kansas City. By Naomi Cahn and June Carbone Blue families, in order to make it possible to invest in women as well as men, defer marriage and childbearing, and reap the advantages from older |
partners’ greater emotional maturity and financial independence. The “bluest” areas of the country, and particularly the urban northeast, have the highest averages ages of family formation and demonstrate the greatest support for the mechanisms that effectively deter teen births. The new model also lowers fertility and produces higher rates of non-marital cohabitation. Red families, centered in the more religious and |
marriage-oriented communities of the South, the mountain west and the plains, continue to embrace unity of sex, marriage and reproduction. The growing gap between the beginning of sexuality and readiness for childbearing alarms religious parents about the morality of their offspring, and higher divorce and non-marital birth rates threaten the fabric of these communities. They accordingly fight hard to reaffirm |
the importance of traditional values. Yet, abstinence into the mid-twenties is unrealistic, shot gun marriages correspond with escalating divorce rates, and the prescription to delay family formation until after graduate school age carries little suasion for those who will not complete college. In addition, the growing importance of two incomes requires an adjustment in gender roles, an adjustment that may |
be at odds with both men and women’s expectations about marriage. Red cultural beliefs reaffirm the importance of tradition and control of sexuality while blue cultural beliefs give more weight -- symbolic and practical -- to the promotion of equality and respect for autonomy. The different family regimes translate into different types of legal decision-making. Blue states have effectively deregulated |
sexuality, with increasing acceptance of non-marital sexuality, greater support for contraception and abortion, and greater recognition of a variety of family relationships. Red states insist to a much greater degree on continuing public affirmation of the importance of marriage; they are far more likely, for example, to embrace abstinence-only education and to oppose recognition of same sex couples. Although red |
and blue families have very different approaches to family life, there are potential areas of agreement. First, all of the empirical literature on family stability suggests that promoting commitment matters, and that doing so requires a measure of maturity, financial realism, equal respect, keeping open the lines of communication, and watching for the warning signs of domestic violence. Commitment and |
gender equity are mutually reinforcing values. Second, there may be common ground in the cultural fight on the importance of moving family formation out of the teen years. Early marriage derails education and increases the likelihood of divorce. As the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy points out, young teen mothers are less likely to complete high school, |
and their children do not perform as well in school as do children of older parents. Those who succeed in avoiding an improvident early birth become more likely to marry, stay married, and have children who will also have more stable family patterns. Third, the failure to restructure the workplace to accommodate the changes in family needs affects everyone. Over |
the last 20 years, the largest increase in perceptions that work interferes with family involves men’s jobs. The design of full-time positions on the assumption that the worker has a full time homemaker spouse serves neither the interests of modern men who have assumed a larger share of childrearing responsibility, nor more traditional women who may have no choice but |
to work to support their families. Steven E. Levingston May 4, 2010; 5:30 AM ET Categories: Guest Blogger | Tags: blue familes, family values, red families Save & Share: Previous: The coming need for immigrants Next: Counterterrorism and the press Posted by: puma80 | May 5, 2010 8:11 PM | Report abuse The comments to this entry are closed. |
Children are about 100 times less likely to get cancer than adults, but childhood cancer is still very real for newborns to 18 year-olds. Children aren't affected by all of the same types of cancer as adults. According to Children's Oncology Group, there are 3 types children's cancer... Leukemias, or Cancer of the blood... Lymphomas, or cancer of the immune system... and solid tumors... |
which affect the bone, organs or tissue. Doctor Sakhalkar at The Children's Hospital in Macon says about 1/3 of children affected by cancer have a type of leukemia... and about 1/4 have a form of brain tumor. Doctor Sakhalkar says some of the symptoms of cancer include... Persistent vomiting and headaches, weakness, bruising on the chest and back, bleeding, tiredness, lumps on the stomach |
or neck, fever, and pain in the joints or bones. Megan McGraw works as a teacher and counselor at The Children's Hospital... with a program called Child Life. Her main job is to help children and their families understand why they are in the hospital, the medical equipment, and basically break down medical terminology to a child's level. She adds Childhood Cancer Awareness Month |
helps people to realize what these kids and their families go through everyday. Coming up throughout this month for Childhood Cancer Awarness, I am going to bring you the stories of 2 year old Allyson, 6 year old Riley, and 16 year old Tori, all cancer patients at the Children's Hospital. Tune in next Monday for the first in the series. |
Last Updated: Friday - 09/24/2010 Week of December 5, 2005 Oldest stone church houses priceless art Crafted in 1775, this historic church boasts an active parish life The Immaculate Conception – December 8 By TED FITZGERALD Special to the WCR San Antonio, Texas In December of 2003, an important event at Mission Concepcion in San Antonio caused the site to |
become even more popular as a place to visit. This was the return of a priceless work of art to the sanctuary of the historic church, an unconventional portrait of Mary, the Immaculate Conception painted by an unknown artist more than 200 years ago. Concepcion, or more correctly Mission Nuestra Senora de la Purisma Concepcion de Acuna, is the second |
in a chain of Franciscan establishments along the San Antonio River extending south from Mission San Antonio de Valera - the Alamo. It was originally situated in East Texas near the town of Nacogdoches, but in 1731, it and other nearby missions were relocated after a series of setbacks. The mission takes its name from the idea of the Immaculate |
Conception, that is that the mother of Jesus had been born without the stain of original sin, carried by all humans as a result of the fall in Eden. Thus Mary served as an appropriate vessel for the bearing and birth of Christ. The tradition existed in the Eastern Church from the early beginnings of Christianity. Celebration of the December |
feast day was begun in France in 1138 and has become one of the major Church year events. In 1954, Pope Pius IX proclaimed the dogma as an article of faith. One of the more dramatic expressions of the doctrine comes from the appearances of Our Lady to St. Bernadette at Lourdes in 1858 where Mary proclaimed that "I am |
the Immaculate Conception." Mission Concepcion is the oldest church dedicated to the Immaculate Conception and the oldest surviving stone church in the U.S. and of the 18th century San Antonio River missions, it has been least altered. The site, with the exception of the chapel, is administered by the National Parks Service. Of a large walled facility, only the chapel, |
and parts of the convento and cloisters remain. Other buildings, including housing for native converts, have been removed over the years for building stone. Construction of the church of local limestone was completed in 1755 and the mission initially flourished as a ranching and farming operation, but later decline resulted in its secularization beginning in 1794. Then, 41 years later, |
during the uprising intended to separate Texas from Mexico, insurgents occupied and fortified the old mission buildings. There, cannon and small arms repelled government forces in one of the first actions of the conflict that led up to the attack on the Alamo. Finally, after years of neglect, the old chapel was recovered by the Church in 1861 and in |
1911, title was transferred to the archdiocese. Today, tours of the site offered by the parks service provide an insight into life in the early years here. Knowledgeable guides explain for example, the meaning of Latin inscriptions and Franciscan symbols above the main chapel entry. Inside, the d‚cor is sparse, there being little to break the heavy grey stone walls |
since only remnants remain of the brilliant polychrome frescoes that once adorned the church both inside and out. Prize of the sanctuary is the Immaculate Conception painting, which had languished in storage for years until painstakingly cleaned and restored by the Art Conservation Laboratory. It's the artist's unique interpretation of Mary where, attended by angels, she is portrayed with arms |
extended in an aura of light. Today, Concepcion is an active parish with regular weekend Masses. Its future has been assured with the announcement in 2004 by Archbishop Patrick Flores that $1 million would be pledged to be used for restoration and preservation of the four active San Antonio mission churches, including Concepcion, to be spent over a period of |
- Horner, Nigel. - Krawczyk, Steve. - Social work with children -- Great Britain. - Child welfare -- Great Britain - Educational counselling -- Great Britain. - School social work |
-- Great Britain - Transforming social work practice - 1844450457 (pbk.) : - 9781844450459 (pbk.) : people who borrowed this, also borrowed: - Includes index. - Bibliography: p. 115-125. - |
Introduction -- Schools, social work and education welfare: Historical perspectives -- The Children Act 2004: Requirements and the key principles -- The broader legal context of contemporary practice -- School's |
out: Making sense of disaffection, absenteeism and exclusion -- School's in: Addressing particular issues -- Related issues and practice challenges -- Education outcomes and the children looked after -- What |
are we going to do about it? Assessment and intervention -- What works? The evidence base for effective inclusion education strategies -- Pointers to the future? -- Appendix 1 Timeline |
of education and social work developments -- Appendix 2 Identifying barriers to access: A checklist -- Appendix 3 Resources and Information -- References -- Index. University of Huddersfield Library Catalogue |
GREAT BRITAIN - Scholars are reportedly confirming that God (Yahweh) has a wife (Asherah). Francesca Stavrakopulu, Professor, Department of Theology and Religion at the University of Exeter is one of the scholars that is reigniting a push for the female deity named Asherah (also referred to as Asher). This theory was first mentioned in 1967 in the works of Raphael |
Patai historian , has been exhaustively analyzed in the book of Professor Stavrakopulu and became the basis for a documentary being shown in Europe today. The theory is based on texts found by archaeologists on Canaanite amulets and figurines found in ancient city of Ugarit in modern Syria. All these findings suggest that Asherah was a powerful goddess, responsible for |
fertility and worships by all people who also worshiped Yahweh. Scholars examined vessels from the 8th Century BC as well as a number of religious artifacts from the 18th century. “Asherah was an equal to Yahweh and it wasn’t until the mid-19th century that she started disappearing from texts,” said Professor Shloznikova of the University of Moscow, who is also |
trying to bring Asherah back in the consciousness of the world. Stavrakopulu points out that the statue of Asherah stood in the Temple and women who lived in the house, wrapped around her ritual garments. In her opinion, most of the references to Asherah were removed from the biblical texts in their editing (by the Irish), and the few that |
she found – have survived by accident. Goddess Asherah is associated with the goddess known as Astarte or Istar, whose worship was extremely distributed in different regions of the Middle East. Traditionally, all references to Asher translated as the mention of the sacred tree. There is a mention about how in order to establish the cult of one god tree-Asher |
was carried out of the temple and burned. the view that the ancient Jews did not immediately come to monotheism and the strong influence of the surrounding heathen nations, quite common in Biblical studies. Thus, the pantheon of their neighbors the Phoenicians, or hanaaneytsev, as they called themselves, most likely corresponded to the pagan pantheon of Jews prior to the |
adoption of monotheism. Many Asherah believers honor her with the traditional Asherah pole (seen here): The Phoenicians worshiped Astarte as the most important goddess of the ancient Greeks even thought the entire country of Phoenicia, dedicated to Astarte. Astarte depicted as a naked woman, compressing the chest with his hands, or the queen, seated on a throne. Will Asherah become |
We’ve been talking to a lot of people who want to try preserving (or different types of preserving) lately and have found there are a few reasons that motivated people |
(i.e. people that want to try it) stay away: fear and confusion. We hope that sharing what we do will help people overcome the fear but realize that there are |
times that we’ve missed explaining some of the basics that really confused us (and still do from time to time) will help. One of my all-time biggest confusions was around |
words that seemed dreadfully similar: - Wild Fermenting - Natural Fermenting - Fermenting with a starter There were other such terms but you get the basic idea. The confusion is |
common and understandable. So let’s start with a basic definition of ‘fermentation’: “A chemical reaction in which a ferment causes an organic molecule to split into simpler substances” (source) This |
doesn’t often help people until I explain, “It’s like those kosher pickles you used to get in the deli that were made without vinegar.” Fermentation essentially uses bacteria to break |
down something edible and transform it into something else edible (like the process that transforms a cucumber into a pickle or milk into cheese). It was a special bacteria called |
lactobacillus which was first discovered in cheese and yogurt which led to the name lactofermentation. The term ‘lacto’ related to the bacteria, not the dairy it was contained in (the |
same bacteria also exists in fruit and vegetables) thus you can indeed have a lactofermented pickle that doesn’t have any dairy whatsoever. This means that wild fermentation, fermentation and lactofermentation |
can all be the same thing – it’s simply fermentation that occurs with the lactobacillus bacteria. There is, however, a difference between a wild ferment and one that is made |
with a starter (such as many cheeses, yogurts, sourdough breads and other ferments). A wild ferment is one that occurs spontaneously (i.e. it usually starts with only fruit and/or veggies, |
flavors and a brine which often uses salt). It tends to take longer than the alternative as the lactobacillus takes a while to come to life. This will work with |
almost any fruit and/ or vegetable as it will not rot before there’s enough bacteria living to transform it. A ferment with a starter is typically accomplished faster as you |
help it start by adding living bacteria (such as whey) to the item you’re trying to ferment. This speeds the process and is effective for things like dairy, times when |
you want to speed the ferment or because of personal choice. There are ultimately two types of fermentation: those using a starter and those which do not. You generally have |
a choice of methods (pretty much always if dealing with fruit and vegetables) and a good recipe will help you understand which to use (as will trial and error as |
Reports from Timbuktu, Mali, on Wednesday indicate that most of the ancient manuscripts at a famed library may have been saved by residents before Islamist radicals had the chance to burn them. "I can say that the vast majority of the collections appear from our reports not to have been |
destroyed, damaged or harmed in any way," Shamil Jeppie, an expert on the documents who teaches at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Reuters. The Islamist radicals, who have been in control of many cities in northern Mali since last spring, were chased out of Timbuktu earlier |
this week by advancing French troops. Photographers who reached the Ahmed Baba Institute on Tuesday, found many papers burned to ashes. It was feared that many of the manuscripts, some dating to the 13th century, had been destroyed. Timbuktu's mayor, Halle Ousmane Cisse, who has been in Mali's capital Bamako, |
told NPR's Ofeiba Quist-Arcton that he had been told the manuscripts had been burned. The latest estimates suggest that about 2,000 manuscripts were torched, but the remainder of the estimated 30,000 at the institute survived. Apparently residents removed and hid many of the manuscripts, anticipating that the Islamists would try |
to destroy them. The manuscripts include ornately decorated Qurans and other religious texts, as well as poetry and mathematics. Many of the works date from the 14th to the 16th centuries, when Timbuktu was a major regional crossroads. |
You’ll need to follow my logic here. Trust is one of the strands that hold people, communities and society together. People need to be able to trust each other, at an individual and group level to coexist and get things |
done. The alternative is some sort of oppressive dystopian society where everyone spends most of their time; seeking proof, scrutinising and watching what everyone else is doing. All a bit 1984…….. If you do something to diminish trust you undermine |
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