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b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
measures how efficiently managers are using the organization's resources to generate profits. [Feedforward Control]
Profit Ratios
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
An organizations net income before taxes divided by its total assets. [Feedforward Control]
Return on Investment
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
measure how well managers have protected organizational resources to be able to meet short-term obligations. [Feedforward Control]
Liquidity Ratios
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
current assets divided by current liabilities. [Feedforward Control]
Current Ratios
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
provide measures of how well managers are creating value from organizational assets. [Feedforward Control]
Activity Ratios
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
measures how efficiently managers are turning over inventory so that excess inventory is not carried. [Feedforward Control]
Inventory Turnover
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
a budget that states how managers intend to use organizational resources to achieve organizational goals. [Feedforward Control]
Operating Budgets
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
A goal-setting process in which a manager and each of his or her subordinates negotiate specific goals and objectives for the subordinate to achieve and then periodically evaluate the extent to which the subordinate is achieving those goals. [Feedforward Control]
MBO - Management by objectives
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The set of values, norms, standards of behavior, and common expectations that controls the ways in which individuals and groups in an organization interact with one another and work to achieve organizational goals. [Feedforward Control]
Organizational Culture
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The control exerted on individuals and groups in an organization by shared values, norms, standards of behavior, and expectations. [Feedforward Control]
Clan Control
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
A fast, revolutionary approach to change in which top managers identify what needs to be changed and then move quickly to implement the changes throughout the organization [Feedforward Control]
Top-down change
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
a gradual or evolutionary approach to change in which managers at all levels work together to develop a detailed plan for change. [Feedforward Control]
Bottom-up change
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The process of comparing one company's performance on specific dimensions with the performance of other, high-performing organizations. [Feedforward Control]
Benchmarking
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
People who notice opportunities and take responsibility for mobilizing the resources necessary to produce new and improved goods and services. [Feedforward Control]
Entrepreneurs
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Employees of existing organizations who notice opportunities for product or service improvements and are responsible for managing the development process [Feedforward Control]
Intrapreneurs
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The mobilization of resources to take advantage of an opportunity to provide customers with new or improved goods and services. [Feedforward Control]
Entrepreneurship
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Psychological forces that determine the direction of a person's behavior in an organization, a person's level of effort, and a person's level of persistence. [Feedforward Control]
Motivation
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Behavior that is performed for its own sake. [Feedforward Control]
Intrinsically Motivated Behavior
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards or to avoid punishment. [Feedforward Control]
Extrinsically Motivated Behavior
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Behavior that is performed to benefit or help others. [Feedforward Control]
Pro-socially Motivated Behavior
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Anything a person gets from a job or an organization. [Feedforward Control]
Outcome
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Anything a person contributes to his or her job or organization. [Feedforward Control]
Input
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The theory that motivation will be high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to the attainment of desired outcomes. [Feedforward Control]
Expectancy Theory
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
In expectancy theory, a perception about the extent to which effort results in a certain level of performance. [Feedforward Control]
Expectancy
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
A requirement or necessity for survival and well-being. [Feedforward Control]
Need
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
5 basic kinds of needs: physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. [Feedforward Control]
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
A need theory that distinguishes between motivator needs and hygiene needs and proposes that motivator needs must be met for motivation and job satisfaction to be high. [Feedforward Control]
Herzberg's Motivator-hygiene theory
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The extent to which an individual has a strong desire to perform challenging tasks well and to meet personal standards for excellence. [Feedforward Control]
Need for achievement
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The extent to which an individual is concerned about establishing about establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations, being liked, and having the people around him or her get along with each other. [Feedforward Control]
Need for affiliation
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The extent to which an individual desires to control or influence others. [Feedforward Control]
Need for power
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The justice, impartiality, and fairness to which all organizational members are entitled. [Feedforward Control]
Equity
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Lack of fairness [Feedforward Control]
Inequity
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The inequity that exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is less than ratio of a referent. [Feedforward Control]
Underpayment Inequity
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The inequity that exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is greater than the ratio of a referent. [Feedforward Control]
Overpayment Inequity
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Giving people outcomes they desire when they perform organizationally functional behaviors. [Feedforward Control]
Positive Reinforcement
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Eliminating or removing undesired outcomes when people perform organizationally functional behaviors. [Feedforward Control]
Negative Reinforcement
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Administering an undesired or negative consequence when dysfunctional behavior occurs. [Feedforward Control]
Punishment
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Learning that occurs when the learner becomes motivated to perform a behavior by watching another person perform it and be reinforced for doing so. [Feedforward Control]
Vicarious Learning
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The process by which an individual exerts influence over other people and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities to help achieve group or organizational goals. [Feedforward Control]
Leadership
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
An individual who is able to exert influence over other people to help achieve group or organizational goals. [Feedforward Control]
Leader
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
A leader who has a strong desire to serve and work for the benefit of others. [Feedforward Control]
Servant Leader
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The authority that a manager has by virtue of his or her position in an organization's hierarchy. [Feedforward Control]
Legitimate Power
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The ability of a manager to give or withhold tangible and intangible rewards. [Feedforward Control]
Reward Power
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The ability of a manager to punish others. [Feedforward Control]
Coercive Power
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Power that is based on the special knowledge, skills, and expertise that a leader possesses. [Feedforward Control]
Expert Power
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
Power that comes from subordinates' and coworkers' respect, admiration, and loyalty. [Feedforward Control]
Reference Power
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
The expansion of employees' knowledge, tasks, and decision-making responsibilities. [Feedforward Control]
Empowerment
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
b42738c3_Exam__3_Flashcards___Cram_com__Feedforward_Control
An enthusiastic, self-confident leader who is able to clearly communicate his or her vision of how good things could be. [Feedforward Control]
Charismatic
[]
Exam #3 Flashcards - Cram.com
Feedforward Control
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/exam-3-1737529
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_383141920_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Cytokines [1]
Immunosuppressant drugs interfere with the production or function of immune cells and ___________
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Antigens [1]
Autoimmune disorders occur when a persons immune system loses its ability to differentiate between _________ and its own cells.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Proteins [1]
Autoantigens for some disorders have been identified as specific ___________ and are found in affected tissues.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Immunosupprssant [1]
Allergic asthma, Crohns disease psoriasis psoriatic arthritis and RA are inflammatory disorders that may be treated with ________ drugs.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Immunosuppression. [1]
Although many factor affect graft survival including the degree of matching between donor tissues and recipient tissues drug induced __________ is a major part of transplantation protocols.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Methotrexate [1]
Folate antagonist that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, the enzyme that converts dihydrofolate to the tetrahydrofolate required for bio-synthesis of DNA and cell reproduction.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Cyclosporine [1]
Used to prevent rejection reactions and prolong graft survival after solid organ transplantation or to treat with other immunosuppressive agents.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Azathioprine [1]
Antimetabolite that interferes with production of DNA and RNA and thus blocks cellular reproduction, growth, and development.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Sirolimus [1]
Used to prevent renal transplant rejection; inhibits T cell activation and is given concomitantly with corticosteriod and cyclosporine.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] An appropriate but undesirable immune response occurs when tissue is transplanted into the body. If the immune response is not suppressed, the body reacts as with other antigens and attempts to destroy the foreign tissue (graft rejection reaction). Although numerous advances have been made in transplantation technology, the immune response remains a major factor in determining the success or failure of transplantation. [1]
How does the body react when foreign tissue is transplanted into the body?
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha is a cytokine that plays a major role in the response to infection. Functions of the TNF include activation of monocytes macrophages and cytotoxic T cells. Enhancement of natural killer (NK) functions; Increased leukocyte movement into areas of tissue injury; increased phagocytosis by neutrophils; and stimulation of B and T lymphocytes. Despite the beneficial effects fo a normal amount of TNF however, an excessive TNF response has been associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorder such as RA and Crohns disease. [1]
What role does tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha play in the response to infection?
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] Several factors prevent the immune system from turning off the abnormal immune or inflammatory process. One of these factors may be an inadequate number of suppressor T cells, which are thought to be a sub-population of helper or cytotoxic T cells. Another factor may be inadequate amounts of anti-inflammatory cytokines(ex. interleukin - 10) [1]
Identify two factors that prevent the immune system from turning off and abnormal immune or inflammatory process.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] A rejection reaction occurs when the hosts immune system is stimulated to destroy the transplanted organ. The immune cells of the transplant recipient attach to the donor cells of transplant recipient attach to the donor cells of the transplanted organ and react against the antigens of the donor organ. The rejection process involves T and B lymphocytes, antibodies, multiple cytokines, and inflammatory mediators. In general T cell activation and proliferation are more important in the rejection reaction than B cell activation and formation of the antibodies. Cytotoxic and helper T cells are activated; activated helper T cells stimulate B cells to produce antibodies leading to delayed hypersensitivity reaction. The antibodies injure the transplanted organ by activating complement producing antigen antibody complexes, or causing antibody mediated tissue breakdown. [1]
Identify two factors that prevent the immune system form turning off an abnormal immune or inflammatory process.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
02e425d9_ressants_Flashcards___Cram_com__1
[2] a Rationale: New Immunosuppressants have more specific effects on the immune system an d may cause fewer or less severe adverse effects than older drugs. [1]
the physician changes Mrs. Gains immunosuppressant to a newer drug. She asks the physician why this is necessary. Which of the following is true about the newer immunosuppressants? a. They have fewer severe adverse effects. b. They are less expensive. c. They will prolong her life. d. They will enhance her health and well being.
[]
Pharm 236 Ch 41 Immunosuppressants Flashcards - Cram.com
1
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/pharm-236-ch-41-immunosuppressants-3083368
50/1438042991951.97_20150728002311-00199-ip-10-236-191-2_396305860_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
Topic Sentence Introduce a quote Quote Analysis (Repeat) [What is rhetoric?]
TIQAIQU
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
to approach and speak to first; to confront in a challenging or aggressive way [What is rhetoric?]
Accost
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
a comment indicating strong critisim or disapproval [What is rhetoric?]
Animadversion
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
desirous of something to the point of greed; intensely eager [What is rhetoric?]
Avid
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
having a salty taste and unpleasent to drink [What is rhetoric?]
brackish
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
swiftness, rapidity of motion or action [What is rhetoric?]
celerity
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
straing or wandering from a straight or direct course; done or acting in a shifty or underhanded way [What is rhetoric?]
Devious
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
in chess, an opening move that involves risk or sacrifice of a minor piece in order to gain a later advantage; any opening move of this type [What is rhetoric?]
gambit
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
a legendary bird identified with the kingfisher; of relating to the halcyon; calm peaceful; happy, golden; prosperous, affluent [What is rhetoric?]
halcyon
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
pertaining to actors and their techniques; theatrical, artifical; melodramatic [What is rhetoric?]
histrionic
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
deliberately setting or causng fires; designed to start fires; tending to stir up strife or rebellion; one who deliberately sets fires, arsonist [What is rhetoric?]
indendiary
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
whirlpool; turbulence; agitated state of mind [What is rhetoric?]
malestrom
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
nearsighted [What is rhetoric?]
mypoic
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
open, not hidden, expressed or revealed in a way that is easily recognized [What is rhetoric?]
overt
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
tending to make worse; expressing disapproval or disparagement, derogatory, deprecatory, belittling [What is rhetoric?]
pejorative
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
state of being proper, appropriateness; standards of what is proper of socially acceptable [What is rhetoric?]
propriety
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
improper or disrespectful treatment of something help sacred [What is rhetoric?]
sacrilege
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
without delay or formality; briefly, concisely [What is rhetoric?]
summarily
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
asking humbly and earnestly; one who makes a request humbly and earnestlu, a petioner, suitor [What is rhetoric?]
suppliant
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
an object that serves as a charm or is believed to confer magical powers; an amulet, fetish [What is rhetoric?]
Talisman
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
to move in waves or with a wavelike motion; to have a wavelike appearance or form [What is rhetoric?]
undulate
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
the rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences [What is rhetoric?]
Antithesis
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
to state or present with restraint especially for effect [What is rhetoric?]
Understatement
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
over exageration [What is rhetoric?]
Hyperbole
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
Pathos [What is rhetoric?]
Emotional Appeal
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
Ethos [What is rhetoric?]
Ethical Appeal
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
logos [What is rhetoric?]
Logical
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
roughly equal: same, fair, rights, ability Comensation (ex: really good at math not good in English) [What is rhetoric?]
Are men made roughly equal?
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
envy; jealousy [What is rhetoric?]
______ and _______ drive our society because we think we're equal.
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
-rules/consequences -gov't system -fear the repercussions [What is rhetoric?]
How do social contracts control chaos?
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
-1651 -Civil War in England -War between monarchy and parliament (something needs to be there/don't throw out social contracts) [What is rhetoric?]
Context of Leviathan
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
allusion to the Bible (a sea monster) People who are ggreedy or envious. [What is rhetoric?]
The title "Leviathan"
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
-energy and enthusiasim -draw attention back/focus -comparison [What is rhetoric?]
Why does an author use hyperbole?
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
4ddda594_AP_LANG_Flashcards___Cram_com__What_is_rhetoric_
-evoke shock [What is rhetoric?]
Why does an author use understatement?
[]
AP LANG Flashcards - Cram.com
What is rhetoric?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ap-lang-1933155
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00329-ip-10-236-191-2_380812330_0.json
e9dc77af_apter_17_Flashcards___Cram_com__tion_strategy_Pricing_strategy
[What Is The Marketing Mix?] What Is Market Segmentation?
identifying distinct groups of consumers whose purchasing behavior differs from others in important ways
[]
IB Chapter 17 Flashcards - Cram.com
The choices the firm offers to its targeted market Product attributes Distribution strategy Communication strategy Pricing strategy
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ib-chapter-17-2175571
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_387188521_0.json
e9dc77af_apter_17_Flashcards___Cram_com__tion_strategy_Pricing_strategy
[What Is The Marketing Mix?] Markets can be segmented by
geography demography socio-cultural factors psychological factors
[]
IB Chapter 17 Flashcards - Cram.com
The choices the firm offers to its targeted market Product attributes Distribution strategy Communication strategy Pricing strategy
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ib-chapter-17-2175571
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_387188521_0.json
e9dc77af_apter_17_Flashcards___Cram_com__tion_strategy_Pricing_strategy
[What Is The Marketing Mix?] Two key market segmentation issues
The differences between countries in the structure of market segments The existence of segments that transcend national borders when segments transcend national borders, a global strategy is possible
[]
IB Chapter 17 Flashcards - Cram.com
The choices the firm offers to its targeted market Product attributes Distribution strategy Communication strategy Pricing strategy
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ib-chapter-17-2175571
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_387188521_0.json
e9dc77af_apter_17_Flashcards___Cram_com__tion_strategy_Pricing_strategy
[What Is The Marketing Mix?] How Do Product Attributes Influence Marketing Strategy?
A product is like a bundle of attributes Products sell well when their attributes match consumer needs
[]
IB Chapter 17 Flashcards - Cram.com
The choices the firm offers to its targeted market Product attributes Distribution strategy Communication strategy Pricing strategy
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ib-chapter-17-2175571
50/1438042985647.51_20150728002305-00245-ip-10-236-191-2_387188521_0.json