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f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Thyroid Hormones Increase the Number and Activity of Mitochondria
Thyroid Hormones Increase Active Transport of Ions through Cell Membranes
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Effect of Thyroid Hormone on Growth
Effects of Thyroid Hormone on Specific Bodily Mechanisms Stimulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Stimulation of Fat Metabolism
Effect on Plasma and Liver Fats
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Increased Requirement for Vitamins
Increased Basal Metabolic Rate
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Decreased Body Weight
Effect of Thyroid Hormones on the Cardiovascular System Increased Blood Flow and Cardiac Output Increased Heart Rate Increased Heart Strength Normal Arterial Pressure
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Increased Gastrointestinal Motility
Increased Respiration
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Excitatory Effects on the Central Nervous System Effect on Sleep
Effect on the Function of the Muscles Muscle Tremor
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Effect on Other Endocrine Glands
Effect of Thyroid Hormone on Sexual Function
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Secretion
Antithyroid Substances Suppress Thyroid Secretion
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Causes of Hyperthyroidism
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Diagnostic Tests for Hyperthyroidism
Physiology of Treatment in Hyperthyroidism
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Hypothyroidism
Diagnostic Tests in Hypothyroidism
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Treatment of Hypothyroidism
Atherosclerosis in Hypothyroidism
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
f42569a3_Hormones_Flashcards___Cram_com__de_Symporter__Iodide_Trapping_
Cretinism
Myxedema
[]
76 Thyroid Metabolic Hormones Flashcards - Cram.com
Iodide Pump-the Sodium-Iodide Symporter (Iodide Trapping)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/76-thyroid-metabolic-hormones-1962672
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_379356704_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
When homeostasis breaks down, organ systems cannot perform their functions and disease or death may occur.
What happens to the body when homeostasis breaks down?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Positive feedback increases any change from the desired condition, so it is helpful in situations that need to be resolved quickly (such as a bleeding wound) but it would be dangerous for the regulation of body temperature. If a slight fever occured, the body temperature would continue to rise quickly into dangerous le...
Why is positive feedback helpful in blood clotting, but unsuitable for the regulation of body temperature?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
histology
The study of the structure of tissue is called...
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
positive feedback
The increasingly forceful labor contractions during childbirth are an example of...
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
disease
Failure of homeostatic regulation in the body results in...
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Anatomy is the study of the internal and external structures and the relationships between body parts.
Define anatomy
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Physiology is the study of how organisms perform their vital functions.
Define physiology
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Autoregulation is more local. Cells, tissues, organs, or organ systems change automatically in response to environmental change. Extrinsic regulation is controlled by the nervous or endocrine system and results in more extensive responses.
What distinguishes autoregulation from extrinsic regulation?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
A rise in estrogen during the menstrual cycle increases the number of progesterone receptors in the uterus.
Which is NOT an example of negative feedback?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
They lower.
A hormone is released in response to increased levels of calcium in the blood. This is controlled by negative feedback. What happens to the calcium levels?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Hormones may have decreased the metabolic rate, therefore decreasing heat. Or an infection has temporarily changed the setpoint of the body's "thermostat."
On a warm day your body temperature is 1.5 degrees below normal. Why?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
1. Polar covalent bonds hold atoms together. 2. Hydrogen bonds attract water molecules to one another.
Which kind of bond holds atoms in a water molecule together? What attracts water molecules to one another?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Because table salt disassociates into charged ions in water, which carry electrical charges. Sugar does not disassociate in water because it is held together with covalent bonds.
Why does a solution of table salt conduct electricity, but a sugar solution does not?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Antacids are weak bases that help neutralize an overly acidic stomach.
How does an antacid help decrease stomach discomfort?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
They are carbohydrates and they are mainly used as an energy source.
A food contains organic molecules with the elements C, H, and O in a ratio of 1:2:1. What class of compounds do these molecules belong to, and what are their major functions in the body?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Disaccharides are formed.
When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis reaction, which types of molecules are formed?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
42/1438042989018.40_20150728002309-00225-ip-10-236-191-2_378248568_0.json
1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
A triglyceride
Which kind of lipid would be found in a sample of fatty tissue taken from beneath the skin?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Mostly phospholipids, but also glycolipids and cholesterol.
Which lipids would you find in a human cell membrane?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
Amino acids
Proteins are chains of which small organic molecules?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
The secondary level
Which level of protein structure would be affected by an agent that breaks hydrogen bonds?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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The heat breaks the bonds that form the tertiary and/or quaternary structure. This affects the ability of the protein to perform its normal functions. It's called denaturation.
Why does boiling a protein affect its structural and functional properties?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
If the substrate fits better, the enzyme activity would increase. If the substrate can no longer bind or binds poorly, enzyme activity will decrease or be inhibited.
How might a change in an enzyme's active site affect its function?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-223-exam-1-review-499406
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
It is an RNA molecule. DNA contains deoxyribose instead of ribose.
A large organic molecule composed of the sugar ribose, nitrogenous bases, and phosphate groups is which kind of nucleic acid?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
ATP
What molecule is produced by the phosphorylation of ADP?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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calcium (they contain hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen)
All organic compounds in the human body contain all of the following elements except...
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
metabolism
All the chemical reactions that occur in the human body are collectively referred to as...
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
alkalosis (normal human pH range is 7.35-7.45)
A pH of 7.8 in the human body typifies a condition called....
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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acid, base
A ___ is a solute that dissociates to release hydrogen ions, and a ___ is a solute that removes hydrogen ions from solution.
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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enzymes
Chemical reactions in the human body are controlled by special catalytic molecules called...
[]
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Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
What 4 major classes of organic compounds are found in the body?
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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Deoxyribose, phosphate, nitrogenous bases (ATCG) Ribose, phosphate, nitrogenous bases (AUCG)
What 3 basic components make up DNA? And RNA?
[]
BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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Adenosine, phoshpate groups, and appropriate enzymes
What 3 components are required to create the high-energy compound ATP?
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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They are specialized protein catalysts that lower the activation energy required for a chemical reaction. They speed up reactions but are not used up or changed in the process.
Explain how enzymes function in chemical reactions.
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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An ionic compound consisting of any cations other than Hydrogen and any anions other than Hydroxide. Acids release Hydrogen ions and bases remove Hydrogen ions (usually by releasing Hydroxide)
What is a salt? How does a salt differ from an acid or base?
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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Nonpolar covalent bonds have an equal sharing of electrons. Polar covalent bonds have an unequal sharing of electrons. Ionic bonds lose and/or gain electrons.
Explain the differences between nonpolar covalent bonds, polar covalent bonds, and ionic bonds.
[]
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Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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the ability of water to dissolve nonpolar substances (it does include the high boiling point and low freezing point of water, the ability to dissolve inorganic salts, and the surface tension of water)
The hydrogen bonding that occurs in water is responsible for all of the following except...
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Nucleic acid. Carbs & lipids don't have nitrogen. Proteins have nitrogen, but only nucleic acids usually have phosphorus.
A sample that contains an organic molecule has the following constituents: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Is it more likely to be a carbohydrate, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid?
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The equilibrium will shift to the left, and the level of H(+) will decrease. This will cause the pH to rise.
A buffer system involves carbon dioxide CO2 and bicarbonate ion HCO3- in the reaction CO2+H20>H2CO3>H(+)+HCO3- If a person becomes excited and exhales large amounts of CO2, how will the pH of the person's body be affected?
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the phospholipid bilayer
Which component of the cell membrane is primarily responsible for its ability to form a physical barrier between the cell's internal and external environments?
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channel proteins
Which type of integral protein allows water and small ions to pass through the cell membrane?
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They are microvilli and they increase the cell's surface area to improve absorption
Cells lining the small intestine have numerous finger-like projections on their free surface. What are these structures and what is there function?
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SER synthesizes lipids such as steroids. They produce large amounts of steroid hormones.
Cells in the ovaries and testes contain large amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Why?
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high demand for energy, mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP molecules
What does the presence of many mitochondria imply about a cell's energy requirements?
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1. Cellularity 2. Polarity 3. Attachment 4. Avascularity 5. Regeneration
5 important characteristics of epithelial tissue are...
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absorption
Epithelial surface with a lot of microvilli. What is its probable function?
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small molecules and ions can pass from cell to cell. Helps coordinate functions
What is the functional significance of gap junctions?
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holocrine secretion
The secretory cells of sebacous glands fill with secretions and then rupture, releasing their contents. Which mode of secretion is this?
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endocrine gland
A gland has no ducts to carry the glandular secretions, and the gland's secretions are released directly into the extracellular fluid. Which type of gland is this?
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weak and prone to damage, collagen provides strength to connective tissue
Lack of vitamin C in the diet interferes with the ability of fibroblasts to produce collagen. What effect might this have on connective tissue?
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adipose (fat) tissue
Which type of connective tissue contains primarily triglycerides?
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selectively permeable
Cell membranes are said to be...
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the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
The organelle responsible for a variety of functions centering around the synthesis of lipids and carbs is
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23
Our somatic cell nuclei contain ___ pairs of chromosomes
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1. Physical isolation 2. Regulation of exchange with the env. 3. Sensitivity 4. Structural support
What are 4 general functions of the cell membrane?
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in cells that are actively engaged in absorption
Microvilli are found...
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tissues
Collections of specialized cells and cell products that perform a relatively limited number of functions are called...
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connective
Matrix is a characteristic of which type of tissue?
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establishing a structural framework for the body & providing protection for delicate organs
Functions of connective tissue include
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neural tissue
Axons, dendrites, and a cell body are characteristic of cells located in...
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Endocrine secrete hormones onto the surface of the gland or directly into the surrounding fluid. Exocrine secrete via ducts.
Differentiate between endocrine and exocrine glands.
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merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine
What 3 methods do the glands use to secrete their products?
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they block the passage of water and solutes between the cells, they keep enzymes, acids, and waste products from damaging delicate underlying tissues
Why are the tight junctions near the exposed surfaces of cells lining the digestive tract important?
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They have a liquid, watery matrix. They have many soluble proteins and do not have insoluble fibers.
Describe the fluid connective tissues in the body. Compare them with supporting connective tissues. What are the main differences?
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Apocrine would have cell membrane components, merocrine wouldn't
How could you tell the difference between an apocrine and a merocrine secretion?
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Nucleus contains DNA, which codes for polypeptide and protein production. Some proteins are structural, some are enzymes, which control all the cell's activities
How does the nucleus control the activities of the cell?
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The cell would not be able to transcribe RNA from DNA
What process would be affected by the lack of the enzyme RNA polymerase?
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GAG-UAU-GCU-AAG-UUC-AAU 6 amino acids
Which nucleotide sequence would the complementary mRNA strand have from this DNA strand: CTC-ATA-CGA-TTC-AAG-TTA. How many amino acids are coded?
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the stratum corneum
Shedding of cells from the oter layer of skin on the scalp come from which epidermal layer?
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the stratum granulosum
A splinter in the 3rd layer of the epidermis is in which layer?
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fresh water is hypotonic, so it moves into the cells by osmosis
Why does swimming in fresh water for an extended period cause epidermal swelling?
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the ridges are formed in layers that are constantly regenerated, so they will reappear eventually, the patterns come from the dermis
Does sanding the figertips permanently remove fingerprints? Why or why not?
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UV radiation causes melanocytes to produce melanin, darkening the skin
Why does exposure to sunlight or sunlamps darken skin?
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blood is delivered to the superficial dermis to eliminate heat
Why does the skin of a fair-skinned person appear red during exercise in hot weather?
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the hormone cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is needed to form healthy bones and teeth, UV light begins the synthesis of it
Why do people who don't get any sunlight have problems with their bones?
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in the papillary layer of the dermis
Where are the capillaries and sensory neurons that supply the epidermis located?
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elastic fibers and the resilience of skin turgor allow the dermis to stretch and recoil
What accounts for the ability of the dermis to undergo repeated stretching?
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the cutaneous membrane and the accessory structures
The 2 major components of the integumentary system are...
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germinativum, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
Begin at the basal lamina and toward the surface... the layers are
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synthesis of vitamin C
Which is not a function of the integumentary system
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can result in damage to the DNA of cells in the stratum germinativum
Exposure of the skin to UV light...
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papillary layer and reticular layer
The 2 major components of the dermis are the...
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a network of arteries providing the dermal blood supply
The cutaneous plexus and papillary plexus consist of...
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eponychium
The stratum corneum of the nail root, which extends over the exposed nail, is called the...
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vitamin D3 production
Muscle weakness and a reduction in bone strength in the elderly result from decreased...
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stratum germinativum
In which layer(s) of the epidermis does cell division occur?
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1193e6d1_1_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__egulation_important_to_humans_
papillary layer- loose connective tissue, capillaries, sensory neurons reticular layer- dense irregular connective tissue & bundles of collagen fibers Both contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, & nerve fibers
What 2 major layers constitute the dermis and what components are in each layer?
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BIOL 223 Exam 1 Review Flashcards - Cram.com
Why is homeostatic regulation important to humans?
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