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374ec526_0_Review_Flashcards___Cram_com__ersonal_protection_in_the_lab_
Blood chemistry test Includes 25 blood chemistry tests Lipase and amylase are included in a blood chemistry test in order to test the function of the pancreas.
Blood chemistry test
[]
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BUN (Blood uria nitrgoen) and creatnine are included in a chemistry profile in order to evaluate kidney function
BUN
[]
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When submitting a blood sample for a total general health profile, you should submit blood in what? lavender top tube and serum separator tube
When submitting a blood sample for a total general health profile, you should submit blood in what?
[]
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CBC (Complete blood count) sample is placed in a EDTA test tube (lavender top)
CBC
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Tests contained in a CBC platelet count, PCV, WBC count, Hemoglobin determination, TP analysis, RBC morphology (count), and WBC differential
Tests contained in a CBC
[]
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Eosinophils Are WBCs that are present during allergic reactions, and are rare in appearance
Eosinophils
[]
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Granulocyte WBC Are WBCs that contain granules (neutrophil, eosinophils, and basophils)
Granulocyte WBC
[]
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PCV (packed cell volume) measures the percentage of red blood cells in the total volume of blood
PCV
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What are the two microhematocrit tubes? Plain (blue) and heparinized (red)
What are the two microhematocrit tubes?
[]
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Where is the plasma obtained? from the top of a microhematocrit heparin tube after being centrifuged
Where is the plasma obtained?
[]
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What is the anatomy of a spun down microhematocrit tube from top to bottom? Air, plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells, clay
What is the anatomy of a spun down microhematocrit tube from top to bottom?
[]
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Hemolysis Is when red blood cells have broken down and spilled hemoglobin into the sample, rendering most blood chemistry tests inaccurate
Hemolysis
[]
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Monocytes (macrophage) appear on a blood smear as circular white blood cells, much larger than red blood cells, wih a vey large nucleus. They are non-specific responders that help consume invaders. They mature to a moacrophage in tissue.
Monocytes
[]
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Serum Is the noncellular portion of whole blood after clotting (the resulting fluid from clotted blood). Serum has no fibrinogen (protein in plasma, responsible for clotting), and is the preferred sample for most blood chemistry tests
Serum
[]
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Plasma the noncelular portion of unclotted blood (ie anticoagulated), it contains proteins & fibrinogen (a clotting protein)
Plasma
[]
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Coagulant provides additional clotting factors to aid in blood clotting
Coagulant
[]
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Anticoagulant prevents or delays a blood sample from clotting
Anticoagulant
[]
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Acanthocytes are RBCs with a membrane abnormally with multiple, irregularly speed projections on the cell surface
Acanthocytes
[]
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Agglutination are clumps of RBC's in a cluster usually present in animals with autoimmune disorders
Agglutination
[]
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Schistocytes Are fragments of ruptured and broken RBC's
Schistocytes
[]
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If an animalhas an untreated condition of diabetes, what chemistry levels in both blood and urine would be elevated? Glucose
If an animalhas an untreated condition of diabetes, what chemistry levels in both blood and urine would be elevated?
[]
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Does routine venipuncture require a sterile field? No
Does routine venipuncture require a sterile field?
[]
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What is used to cleanse the area prior to the blood draw? Isopropel Alcohol
What is used to cleanse the area prior to the blood draw?
[]
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If a client was to free catch urine, and bring it into the clinic for analysis, how should it be stored until they can get it to the clinic? The sample should be refridgerated order to preserve the sample, as much as possible. Changes start to occur immediately, such as bacteria in the urine with multiply, cells will d...
If a client was to free catch urine, and bring it into the clinic for analysis, how should it be stored until they can get it to the clinic?
[]
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(SG) is the concentration of the fluid in relation to the weight / concentration of distilled water A refractometer is used in order to measure this. SG can be determined with either spun down, or intact urine, and requires only 1 drop on the refractomer
Specific Gravity
[]
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Chemical reagent strp analysis: (multistix) plastic stick with pads that are impregnanted with chemicals that react to urine by changing color. The change in color is read in order to measure PH, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilingen, blood, WBC, and nitrites.
Chemical reagent strp analysis:
[]
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Carnivorous animals urine is: is normally more acidic and low PH scale
Carnivorous animals urine is:
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Urinary casts are elongated structures composed of protein from plasma and mucoprotein from the renal tubules, they can consist of many substances such as tissue cells, minerals, blood cells, etc.
Urinary casts
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Reddish brown tinged urine can indicate what? Blood in the urine or elevated bilirubin
Reddish brown tinged urine can indicate what?
[]
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Cytocentesis Is extracting urine directly from the bladder using a sterile needle and syringe.
Cytocentesis
[]
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Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine
Hematuria
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Dysuria Difficult/painful urination usually caused by bladder stones,cystits, and urethritis
Dysuria
[]
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Anuria absence of, or inability to urinate, this can be caused by a urethral bloackage, or ethylene glycol toxicity
Anuria
[]
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Uremia ia unfiltered urine re-circulating in the bloodstream
Uremia
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What tube is used when sending a urine sample out to a lab? red top tube with no additive
What tube is used when sending a urine sample out to a lab?
[]
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Urolithiasis the type of crystal formed by the ingestion of antifreeze
Urolithiasis
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Fecal Floatation the principal basis for fecal floatatioin is that the eggs of parasites are lighter than the floatationsolution and will float to the surface where they can be stuck to cover slip placed on top of the vial
Fecal Floatation
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Direct fecal smear done by adding a drop of saline to the sample on the slide
Direct fecal smear
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Trematode Are commonly called flukes, and are a parasite worm that can effect most systems (blood, eye, liver, and respiratory tract)
Trematode
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Cestode tapeworm; sheds proglottids that contain eggs
Cestode
[]
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Dipylidium is known as the common tapeworm that infects cats and dogs
Dipylidium
[]
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Toxocara roundworms a nematode type endoparasite that is transmitted to neomates through mothers milk
Toxocara roundworms
[]
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Hookworm and threadworm can enter their hosts by burrowing through the skin
Hookworm and threadworm
[]
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Isospora and Cryptosporidium Coccidia
Isospora and Cryptosporidium
[]
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Giardiasis (Giardia) a genus of lagellate protozoa parasite in the intestines of most infected animals. signs are diarrhea, blood in the stool, and lethargy. Caused by contaminated water.
Giardiasis (Giardia)
[]
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Toxoplasmosis zoonotic, fecal oral, danger to pregnant women
Toxoplasmosis
[]
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Ectoparasites parasite that resides on the surface of its host (external parasite)
Ectoparasites
[]
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Otodectes very contagious white mites that infest an animals ear canal (ear mites)
Otodectes
[]
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Sucking lice head is pointed and much narrower than thorax. Has piercing/sucking mouthparts that penetgrate the skin in order to continually feed
Sucking lice
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Biting Lice head is broad, or boarder than thorax, and has chewing/biting mouthparts used to feed on dead skin, hair, and body secretions
Biting Lice
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Cheyletiella mites that are larger than demodex or sarcoptes, white in color, and can be seen with the naked eye. They are commonly referred to as "walking dandruff"
Cheyletiella
[]
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sarcoptes spp. cause of scabies
sarcoptes spp.
[]
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Demodex spp. mites cause puppy/red mange in dogs, and are usually collected by doing a skin scraping into the dermal follicles.
Demodex spp. mites
[]
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Fleas wingless, lumping reddish brown insects that live on host animals in order to have access to nutrients (blood).
Fleas
[]
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Which is larger the tick or the mite? Tick
Which is larger the tick or the mite?
[]
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Ixodes spps. (common wood deer tick) is the vector for the bacteria that causes lyme disease
Ixodes spps.
[]
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Borrelia is the gram negative spirilla that causes lyme disease
Borrelia
[]
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The Amercian Dog Tick transmits potentially fatal diease, rocky mnt. spotted feaver
The Amercian Dog Tick
[]
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Pathogen is a microorganism capable of causing disease
Pathogen
[]
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Viruses pathogenic microorganisms are obligated intracellular parasites, that are very difficult to elimate, and are not free living
Viruses
[]
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Salmonella bacteria is likely to be determined to humans by handling, or eatng undercooked poultry
Salmonella bacteria
[]
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Salmonella in reptiles is the normal flora in reptiles
Salmonella in reptiles
[]
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Tetanus bacteria is usually transferred to humans by would contact with contaminated soil
Tetanus bacteria
[]
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Cat Scratch Feaver Is usually a benign infectious disease most commonly found in children 1-2 weeks following a cat scratch. Can not be caught from cleaning a litter box
Cat Scratch Feaver
[]
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Keratoconjunctivitis is also known as pink eye, and is inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva. The onset of this is caused by bacterial infection
Keratoconjunctivitis
[]
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Brucellosis A zoonotic threat that causes abortion
Brucellosis
[]
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Psittacosis caused by birds
Psittacosis
[]
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Clostridium Tetani Gram positive bacilli causing severe infections that can be treated with anti-toxin injections (a kind of antibody produced in the body of another animal in responcse to the presence of a toxin), whereas the vaccine creates an antibody to the toxin & does not prevent infection
Clostridium Tetani
[]
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Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive cocci, causing various infections and mastitis in some animals
Staphylococcus aureus
[]
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Pseudomonas aeruginose Gram negative bacilli causing severe infection in wounds. One of the characteristics of this type of infections is a strong odor
Pseudomonas aeruginose
[]
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Escerichia (E.) Coli Is normal part of the GI flora
Escerichia (E.) Coli
[]
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Bacterial cultures are incubated at what temperature? Body temperature
Bacterial cultures are incubated at what temperature?
[]
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How should potentially anareobic bacteria be stored? in containers that protect them from expoure to air like a culturette
How should potentially anareobic bacteria be stored?
[]
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Mycology Fungal culture (DTM) are generally incubated at room temperature
Mycology
[]
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Tease Mount is referred when transferring fungal samples to a slide by lightly touching the surface of a fungal growth with a sterile loop being careful not to disturb the space
Tease Mount
[]
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Yeast is a unicellular (made up of a single cell) fungi that can be aerobic or anaerobic and can reproduce sexualy or asexually. When gram stained, yeast appears as gram negative, and is purple or blue in color
Yeast
[]
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Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin and is highly contagious.
Ringworm
[]
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Gram stain is a staining procedure in which bacteria/fungi are stained with crystal violet, treated with strong iodine solution, and counter stained with contrasting dye, usually safranin. Gram positive items will retain the crystal violet stain and will appear purple/blue. Gram negative items will los the crystal viol...
Gram stain
[]
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What is a gram strain considered?: a differential stain
What is a gram strain considered?:
[]
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cerebrospinal fluid is obtained by performing a spinal tap; insertion of a spinal needle between the meninges
cerebrospinal fluid
[]
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Spinning the oil immersion lens: when spinning the oil immersion lens the oil must be cleaned from the oil immersion lens and the slide because it can damage the lower power lenses and cause visibility problems on the low power fields
Spinning the oil immersion lens:
[]
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what size clippers should you use for shaving patients? #10 for course hair and #40 for fine hair
what size clippers should you use for shaving patients?
[]
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when setting up for surgical excision of a cancerous tumor you should clip how?: clip an extra wide area around the site and follow the DVMs instructions for scrubbing and washing
when setting up for surgical excision of a cancerous tumor you should clip how?:
[]
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Where should a tumor sample be taken after surgery?: should be sealed in a formalin vial for outside lap biopsy
Where should a tumor sample be taken after surgery?:
[]
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Formalin presents a highly toxic threat to veterinary practice and must be handled with care
Formalin
[]
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From where and how would a DVM order a sample for identification of a respiratory virus?: A scraping or swab from the nasal passages
From where and how would a DVM order a sample for identification of a respiratory virus?:
[]
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Viral Pathogens when testing for presnce of viral the preferred sample to use is serum (derived from clotted blood, usually a tiger top tube is used for collection)
Determining Viral Pathogens
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Attenuated Vaccines refer to pathogenic microbes that have been significantly weakened, but are alive (modified live virus vaccines)
Attenuated Vaccines
[]
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Feline Distemper is caused by a viral pathogen. Is also referred to as PanLeokopenia and feline parvo virus
Feline Distemper
[]
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Feline Infectious anemia is a hemolytic anemia caused by the red blood cell parasite, Haemobartonella felis. Cats with this disease DO NOT have to be placed in isolation ward.
Feline Infectious anemia
[]
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When an animal does not show clinical signs of a vial disease, yet tests positive for the antigen, the virus is said to be what? Latent (dormant or concealed)
When an animal does not show clinical signs of a vial disease, yet tests positive for the antigen, the virus is said to be what?
[]
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Looking-glass Self
A way of identifying/perceiving
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/prof-davilas-latino-sociology-midterm-1-feb-27th-2012-2103454
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Problems with the term Hispanic
It generalizes, ignores distinctions, refers to Spain and portugal, bases its distinction on phenotype and places an emphasis on its colonizers
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
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The term Latino
Refers to Latinoamerica as a national origin Most excepted term for identification
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Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
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Pan-Ethnic
An umbrella term encompassing language, world region, or phenotype/race;encompasses multiple racial/ethnic groups Advantages: unity in group of people, shared experience and promotes solidarity and political power Disadvantages: loses uniqueness, changes the way in which they are received in the US
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/prof-davilas-latino-sociology-midterm-1-feb-27th-2012-2103454
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"La Raza Cosmica"
The Cosmic Race: of mixed/blended origin
[]
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It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
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Whitewashing
Assimilated to North American society, forgetting your roots and not acknowledging/recognizing your race/ethnicity
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/prof-davilas-latino-sociology-midterm-1-feb-27th-2012-2103454
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Identification Determinants
Phenotypes, language, world religion, political power, shared experiences
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/prof-davilas-latino-sociology-midterm-1-feb-27th-2012-2103454
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False Homogenization
Making people the same although they are not
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/prof-davilas-latino-sociology-midterm-1-feb-27th-2012-2103454
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Othering
Silencing others, not recognizing their existence when not like the dominant group
[]
Prof. Davila's Latino Sociology Midterm 1 Feb 27th 2012 Flashcards - Cram.com
It varies by social context, history and is influenced by social structure and human agency
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/prof-davilas-latino-sociology-midterm-1-feb-27th-2012-2103454
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00181-ip-10-236-191-2_381703443_0.json