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8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Why should you always observe for drug toxicity in older adults even when the suggested medication dosage is taken? [2]
many physiologic changes are associated with aging. This may enhance the possibility of cumulative effects and toxicity.
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] True/False: You should always aspirate SC sites. [2]
False - you only aspirate IM sites
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] The client states that he will no longer take the medication because it is nauseating and makes him sick. The medication is essential to his recovery. What should your next action be? [2]
Notify the MD and check with the pharmacy to see if the medication comes in a different form
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] You check the MAR to the client's chart and realize that the client is allergic to one of the ordered medications. What should your next action be? [2]
Do NOT administer the medication and notify the MD.
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] You are administering a medication and the client states that he believes that you are giving him the wrong pill. What should your next action be? [2]
Recheck the MD orders to make sure you did not make a mistake - always listen to what the client tells you
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] As you begin to administer medications to a patient, she states "I believe my doctor was supposed to change that medication". What is your next action? [2]
Check the doctor's orders.
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] The client complains that the SQ injections he's been receiving all week are painful to him. What is your next action? [2]
- Determine if a different size needle can be used - Determine if you can use a less painful site - Place ice on the area prior to injection
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] The client tells you he will not take a medication because it has a horrible taste. What is your next action? [2]
Research literature to see if the medication can be mixed with something to reduce the unpleasant taste
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] A client tells you that he doesn't want to take a medication because he is scared and doesn't understand how it works. What is your next action? [2]
Ask client what he does know, explain and teach about the medication
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] True/False: When preparing medications, the nurse must wear clean gloves. [2]
False- gloves do not need to be worn during preparation of medications
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] True/False: Liquid oral medication should be poured into a medicine cup held at eye level. [2]
False- it should be poured at eye level on a flat surface, not held in the hand
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] True/False: Single dose capsules and tablets should be opened and placed into a cup before entering the client's room [2]
False- this should be done at the bedside (in case the client refuses, etc.)
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the deltoid injection site. [2]
one or two finger breaths below the acromion process on the lateral side of the arm
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the anterior thigh injection site. [2]
one hands breath below the greater trochanter and one hands breath above the knee. Inject between these areas into the top of the thigh.
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the abdomen injection site. [2]
below the ribs, above the synthesis pubis, not past the anterior superior iliac spines, not within 2 inches of the umbilicus
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the ventrogluteal injection site. [2]
thumb towards the abdomen, index finger on the asis, palm on the greater trochanter. Spread middle finger back along iliac crest to form a V. Located between index and middle finger.
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the scapula injection site. [2]
place a hand under the apex of the scapula, inject into the area covered by the hand
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the buttocks injection site. [2]
Place a hand under the iliac crest, inject into the area covered by the hand
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the vastus lateralis injection site. [2]
one hands breath below the greater trochanter and one hands breath above the knee. Inject between these areas into the lateral side of the thigh
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for finding the posterior aspect of the arm injection site. [2]
one hands breath below the acromian process and one hands breath above the elbow, inject between these two areas into the posterior aspect of the arm
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Describe the procedure for locating the flank injection site. [2]
below the lower aspect of the ribs and above the iliac crest on the lateral side of the body
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? hold syringe at a 90 degree angle [2]
IM always, SQ if more than 1" of tissue is pinched
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? pinch the skin [2]
SQ
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? administer a maximum of 1 mL [2]
SQ and deltoid IM
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? aspirate before injecting [2]
IM
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? expect a more rapid response to the medication [2]
IM
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? average gauge is 25 [2]
SQ
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? average needle length is 1 1/2" [2]
IM
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? use an insulin syringe [2]
SQ
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? inject at a 45 degree angle [2]
SQ
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? Stretch the skin [2]
IM
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? use a tuberculin syringe [2]
both for amounts lower than 0.5 mL
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
8f042877_Nursing__Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] IM, SQ, or both? Use Z tract [2]
IM (vastus lateralis and ventrogluteal)
[]
Medication Administration (Basics in Nursing) Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/medication-administration-basics-in-nursing-1244563
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00183-ip-10-236-191-2_377973605_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
resting neurons are _____ because the ratio of negative to positive charges is greater inside the neuron than outside [membrane potential]
polarized
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
a neuron's steady membrane potential [membrane potential]
resting potential
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
ions are in constant random motion and are more likely to move down their concentration gradients than up them; therefore they will move from areas of ____ concentration to areas of ____ concentration [membrane potential]
high, low
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
ions pass through the neural membrane at specialized pores called ___ [membrane potential]
ion channels
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
mechanisms in the membrane of a cell that actively move ions or molecules across the membrane [membrane potential]
transporters (ex: sodium-potassium pumps)
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) ____ the likelihood the neuron will fire [membrane potential]
increase
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) ____ the likelihood the neuron will fire [membrane potential]
decrease
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
EPSPs and IPSPs are ___ ___, meaning the amplitudes of EPSPs and IPSPs are proportional to the intensity of the signals that elicit them [membrane potential]
graded responses
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
ion channels that open or close in response to changes in the level of the membrane potential [membrane potential]
voltage-activated ion channels
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
1 to 2 milliseconds after initiation of an action potential during which it is impossible to elicit a second one [membrane potential]
absolute refractory period
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
period during which it is possible to fire the neuron again, but only by applying higher-than-normal levels of stimulation [membrane potential]
relative refractory period
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
in myelinated axons, ions can pass through the axonal membrane only at the ___ _ ___, gaps between adjacent myelin segments [membrane potential]
nodes of ranvier
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
the transmission of action potentials in myelinated axons is called ___ ___ because the signal "jumps" along the axon from node to node. [membrane potential]
saltatory conduction
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
synapses of axon terminal buttons on dendrites [membrane potential]
axodendritic synapses
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
synapses of axon terminal buttons on somas (cell bodies) [membrane potential]
axosomatic synapses
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
axoaxonic synapses can either ___ or ___ the effects of that button on the postsynaptic neuron [membrane potential]
facilitate or inhibit
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
synapses at which the site of neurotransmitter release and the site of neurotransmitter reception are in close proximity [membrane potential]
directed synapses
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
synapses at which the site of NT release and reception are at some distance [membrane potential]
nondirected synapses
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
large neurotransmitters are all ___, short amino acid chains comprising between 3 and 36 amino acids [membrane potential]
neuropeptides
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
small neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the terminal button and packaged in ___ ___ by the ___ ___ [membrane potential]
synaptic vesicles, Golgi complex
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
neuropeptides are assembled in the cytoplasm on ___, are packaged in vessicles by the Golgi complex, and are then transported by ___ to the terminal buttons for release [membrane potential]
ribosomes, microtubules
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
many neurons contain two neurotransmitters, called [membrane potential]
coexistence
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
the process of neurotransmitter release [membrane potential]
exocytosis
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
neurotransmitter molecules produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by binding to ___ in the postsynaptic membrane (a protein that contains binding sites for only particular neurotransmitters) [membrane potential]
receptors
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
receptors that are associated with ligand (a molecule that binds to another)-activated ion channels; when NT binds to it, channels open or close, altering flow of ions [membrane potential]
ionotropic receptor
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
receptors that are asociated with signal proteins and G-proteins; when NT binds to it, G protein breaks off into the neuron and either binds to an ion channel or stimulates synthesis of a second messenger [membrane potential]
metabotropic receptor
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
___ receptors induce an immediate postsynaptic potential [membrane potential]
ionotropic
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
___ receptorsare more prevalent, have slower effects that are longer-lasting, more diffuse, and more varied [membrane potential]
metabotropic
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
metabotropic receptors that bind to their neuron's own neurotransmitter molecules and are located on the presynaptic membrane [membrane potential]
autoreceptors
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
majority of neurotransmitters are almost immediately drawn back into the presynaptic buttons by transporter mechanisms; this is called ___ [membrane potential]
reuptake
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
some neurotransmitters are broken apart in the synapse by proteins that stimulate or inhibit biochemical reactions w/o being affected by them [membrane potential]
enzymatic degradation
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
narrow spaces between adjacent neurons that are bridged by fine tubular channels that contain cytoplasm; thus the cytoplasm of the two molecules is continuous, allowing electrical signals and small molecules to pass from one neuron to the next [membrane potential]
gap junctions (electrical synapses)
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
drugs that facilitate the effects of a particular neurotransmitter [membrane potential]
agonists
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
drugs that inhibit the effects of a particular neurotransmitter [membrane potential]
antagonists
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
antagonistic drugs that bind to postsynaptic receptors without activating them and block the access of the usual neurotransmitter [membrane potential]
receptor blockers
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
occurring naturally within the body [membrane potential]
endogenous
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
b6f80f72_ior_ch_4_Flashcards___Cram_com__membrane_potential
___ are a major family of endogenous opioids [membrane potential]
endorphins
[]
brain & behavior ch 4 Flashcards - Cram.com
membrane potential
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/brain-behavior-ch-4-616112
20/1438042987174.71_20150728002307-00185-ip-10-236-191-2_383444414_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
Assent Benefit Control
A principal-agent relationship exists IF
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
a voluntary agreement btwn a competent principal & agent
AASENT MEANS
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
the principal has the right to control the manner of agent's performance
CONTROL MEANS
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
sub-agents (likely missing assent) & borrowed agents (likely missing control) must also meet this test to bind the principal.
TEST FOR SUBAGENTS & BORROWED AGENTS
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
AN independent contractor is not an agent b/c there is no power to supervise, hence there is no vicarious liability unless: ▫ the independent contractor is engaged in an ultrahazardous activity, or ▫ harm caused to invitee on employer's land, or ▫ estoppel (indep. contractor held out as an agent)
CAN AN INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR BE AN AGENT?
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
"detours", but not "frolics"
THE SCOPE OF AGENCY INCLUDES
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
• authorized by the principal • natural to employment, i.e. friction generated by employement (e.g. bouncers, bill collectors) • motivated by a desire to serve the principal
SCOPE OF AGENCY: Intentional torts are not generally w/in the scope of agency, unless
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
only for its authorized contracts, INCL: a) actual express authority b) actual implied authority c) apparent authority d) ratification
CONTRACTS: A principal is liable
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
oral, private words OK (except land interests >1 yr) but construed narrowly & easily revocable (unilateral act or death/incapacity of principal)
ACTUAL EXPRESS AUTHORITY INCLUDES
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
Authority through necessity, custom, or acquiescence thru prior dealings
ACTUAL IMPLIED AUTHORITY MEANS
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
P cloaked A w/ appearance of authority + 3rd party reliance • secret limiting instructions • lingering authority
APPARENT AUTHORITY MEANS
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
knowledge + acceptance of benefit (in total)
RATIFICATION OCCURS WHEN
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
ii) If no authority → Agent, not principal, is liable. iii) If authority → Principal, not agent, is liable unless principal undisclosed.
AGENT LIABILITY
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
d7c668c3_AGENCY_Flashcards___Cram_com___for_the_torts_of_his_agent_if
1. REASONABLE CARE 2. REASONABLE OBEDIENCE (no lying, lawbreaking) 3. LOYALTY (→ disgorgement of profits) i) No Self-Dealing ii) No Usurping P's Opportunity iii) No Secret Profit
agent duties
[]
AGENCY Flashcards - Cram.com
TORTS: A principal is liable for the torts of his agent if
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/agency-1389750
20/1438044160065.87_20150728004240-00295-ip-10-236-191-2_381113877_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] cancellous [2]
spongy or porous structure as found at the ends of long bones
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] hematopoiesis [2]
production and development of blood cells normally in the bone marrow
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] adduction [2]
moves closer to the midline
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] abduction [2]
moves away from the midline
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] flexion [2]
decreases the angle of a joint
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] extension [2]
increases the angle of a joint
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] rotation [2]
moves a bone around its own axis
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] pronation [2]
turns the palm down
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] supination [2]
turns the palm up
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] inversion [2]
moves the sole of the foot inward
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] eversion [2]
moves the sole of the foot outward
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] dorsiflexion [2]
elevates the foot
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] plantar flexion [2]
lowers the foot(points the toes)
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] ankyl/o [2]
stiffness;bent,crooked
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] arthr/o [2]
joint
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json
84b4d938_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] kyph/o [2]
humpback
[]
"Ghostbusters" Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/ghostbusters-2090747
20/1438042989234.2_20150728002309-00206-ip-10-236-191-2_389553080_0.json